Unit 3 Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(北师大版)
2026-10-14
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教辅
摘要:
该高中英语导学案围绕“交通问题与改善策略”展开,核心知识点包括交通拥堵的社会影响、数据论证及环保出行建议。课堂导入通过Pre-reading问题激活学生日常交通体验,再以While-reading的主旨归纳、细节分析、结构梳理和Post-reading的佳句赏析、长难句解构、主题讨论为支架,构建从感知到深度应用的学习脉络。
资料特色在于融合语块翻译、熟词生义等语言训练,结合数据支撑与实用建议,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。自主阅读步骤与互动讨论设计提升学习能力,习题注重语言运用与问题解决,助力学生在真实语境中提升综合素养。
内容正文:
Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION
Part 1
“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown①. More roadworks on the A10!”
“Oh really? It took me over an hour.There was an accident on the M11.”
[1]How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck② in traffic jams③? How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out④, tired and angry? For many people, the answer is every day.But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to⑤ the real costs socially.[2]Here are some figures about Britain:
•In the last 20 years, the number of⑥ cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.There are now 32 million cars.
•Over the last decade, an average of⑦ 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.
•Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases.
•Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.
•Some types of cancer are related to⑧ traffic pollution.
【赏靓点】 [1]本段连续使用how引导的疑问句,形象描述了英国交通的现状及其带给人们的不便。
[2]Here are some figures about Britain是过渡句,起承上启下的作用。
Part 2
We know that cars are bad for⑨ us.But we all make excuses:“The buses are terrible”; “The trains are always late”; “I haven’t got time to walk”.I’m talking about myself, too.To be frank, I’m addicted to⑩ my car.When I asked a friend working for a green-living organisation for advice about how to give up, she told me five things:
•Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres.Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle.[3]Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer.Regular exercise⑪ also cuts the risk of⑫ heart disease by 50%!
•Use public transport.Up to⑬ 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars.Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what? You can relax, read a book, talk to someone — who knows?
•Think before you go.Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town? What about the shops around the corner? Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.
•Share cars.If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else.It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.
•Take action⑭! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic.There is.If your street is full of⑮ heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it.Write to the papers.Go to the city government.Ask for a speed limit⑯. Do whichever of these things that suit you.Don’t just sit around⑰ and complain!
All quite simple, isn’t it? Five easy ways to improve our environment.Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to pick up⑱ my daughter from school at 4 pm.Then I’ve got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping.After that, I have to take my son to a party.[4]The traffic is going to be horrible, but what can I do?
【赏靓点】 [3]句中使用一系列动词 save, keep, help, cut等,表达了步行对健康以及环境的好处。
[4]句用疑问的方式结尾,引人深思,同时告诉我们:为环保我们应该做什么,以及如何做等。
语块翻译
Part. 1
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
Part. 2
⑨
⑩
⑪
⑫
⑬
⑭
⑮
⑯
⑰
⑱
熟词生义
1.stuck (Part 1)
熟义:adj.固定的
文中义:
2.jams (Part 1)
熟义:n.果酱
文中义:
3.produce (Part 1)
熟义:v.生产
文中义:
4.cut (Part 2)
熟义:v.切割
文中义:
5.finish (Part 2)
熟义:v.完成
文中义:
6.pick up (Part 2)
熟义:捡起,学会
文中义:
参考译文
第1部分
“今天早上,我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施工!”
“真的吗?我花了一个多小时。 M11公路上发生了一起事故。”
这样的谈话你多久听到一次?有多少次我们碰到交通阻塞而动弹不得?又有多少次,当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢?对很多人来说,答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比,个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据:
•在过去的20年里,道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3,200万辆汽车。
•在过去10年中,每年平均有2,500人死于交通事故。
•交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一,因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。
•每年有近3万人死于空气污染。
•多种癌症与交通污染有关。
第2部分
我们知道汽车给我们带来的危害,但总能找到借口:“公共汽车很糟糕”;“火车总是晚点”;“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我自己。坦率地说,我离不开车。当我向在绿色生活组织工作的一个朋友询问如何放弃汽车时,她给出了五条建议:
•走路。 2014年,超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。我们可以很容易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行走可以省钱,保持健康并帮助你延长寿命。定期的锻炼也能降低 50%患心脏病的风险!
•使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人,而这些人乘坐小轿车至少需要18辆车。有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间,但那又怎样?你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈——谁知道呢?
•出发之前先想想。你真的要去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗?拐角处的商店怎么样?在上车之前,想想你是否真的需要开车去那个地方。
•共享汽车。如果你不得不用车,与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜,也更环保。
•采取行动!我们经常觉得面对噪音、污染和交通危险,自己无能为力。其实可以有所为。如果你所在的那条街交通繁忙,去和邻居们谈谈。给报纸(一类的媒体)写信(反映)。去市政府。申请设置限速。做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。别光坐在那里抱怨!
这些都很简单,不是吗?五种简单的方法就可以改善我们的环境。好吧,很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了,因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。然后开车去超市购物。之后还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通状况将会非常糟,但我能怎么办呢?
Step One:Pre-reading
How much time do you spend travelling to school every day? How do you feel when you get stuck in traffic jams? Use the phrases below to help you.(Answers may vary.)
□to feel anxious □to feel tired □to feel annoyed □to feel angry
□to feel stressed out □to feel helpless
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the text?( )
A.The effects the traffic has on people.
B.Advice about how to give up using cars.
C.Six easy ways to improve the environment.
D.The traffic in Britain and the ways to improve it.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What’s the purpose of the conversation in Part 1?( )
A.To show there are a lot of such conversations.
B.To introduce the topic of the passage.
C.To show there are accidents every day.
D.To show it takes a long time to go to work.
2.In Part 1, the author uses much data to prove .( )
A.how stressed out,tired and angry people are
B.there are a lot of cars
C.people have died every year in vehicle accidents
D.cars have caused great damage to people and nature
3.What’s one of the advantages of taking public transport?( )
A.Saving your time.
B.Helping you live longer.
C.Keeping you fit.
D.Relaxing yourself.
4.What does the author advise us to do?( )
A.Take a taxi.
B.Avoid using cars.
C.Go to the big supermarket.
D.Choose a nearby supermarket.
5.What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph?( )
A.He/She hates driving a car.
B.He/She will give up his/her car.
C.He/She can’t go without a car.
D.He/She is used to taking a bus.
Ⅲ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.品课文佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences using parallel structures.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that develop the passage by listing figures.
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that develops the passage by comparison.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1.Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases.
句式分析:
自主翻译:
2.Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.
句式分析:
自主翻译:
3.We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic.
句式分析:
自主翻译:
Ⅲ.讨论
1.What is the author’s attitude towards cars? Find some evidence from the passage.
2.How do you understand the title “The Road to Destruction”?
写作词汇集释
1.annoyed adj.烦恼的,生气的
教材原句 to feel annoyed感到生气
【用法】
(1)be/get annoyed with sb生某人的气
be annoyed at/about sth 因某事生气
(2)annoy vt. 使恼怒;打扰
It annoys/annoyed sb to do sth 做某事让某人很生气
(3)annoying adj. 使生气的;烦人的
an annoying habit 一个烦人的习惯
【佳句】 What annoys him is that he tries to relax, but his neighbors play loud music late at night, disturbing his peace.
令他恼火的是,他试图放松,但他的邻居在深夜大声播放音乐,扰乱了他的宁静。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①To be honest,voters sometimes feel (annoy),not because they hate voting,but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.
②Failure is (annoy),but what failure can teach us may never be taught in other ways.
【写美】 词汇升级
③Don’t get angry with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
→Don’t your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
2.stressed out 焦虑的
教材原句 How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry?
又有多少次,当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢?
【用法】
(1)stress n.压力;强调
vt. 强调
under stress 在压力之下
lay/place/put stress on/upon ... 强调……
stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
(2)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
stressful adj. 压力重的;紧张的
【佳句】 The cat, seemingly stressed out by the thunderstorm, hid under the bed, its tail shaking nervously.(心理、动作描写)
那只猫似乎因为雷暴天气感到焦虑,躲在床下,尾巴紧张地抖动。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I try not to stress when things go wrong in my daily lives.
②When feeling (stress), you’d better talk about feelings with someone you trust.
③He put great stress the importance of cooperation over and over again.
【写美】 完成句子
④ , Sarah found it hard to concentrate on her studies, her thoughts scattered like leaves in a storm.(心理描写)
在压力下,萨拉发现很难集中精力学习,她的思绪就像暴风雨中的落叶一样散乱。
3.relate vi.相联系,有关联
教材原句 Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
多种癌症与交通污染有关。
【用法】
(1)relate to与……相关;涉及;谈到
(2)related adj. 有关的
be related to 与……有关联
(3)relation n. 关系;联系
【佳句】 The colours of the painting, though varied, relate harmoniously, creating a peaceful atmosphere.(评论)
尽管画中的颜色各不相同,但它们搭配和谐,营造出一种宁静的氛围。
(2026•1月浙江卷)Visualize the incoming ideas,and relate the new material to what you already know.
在脑海中构想即将出现的想法,并将新内容与你已有的知识联系起来。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Having (relate) experience in teaching, she knew how to connect with students and make lessons both fun and educational.
②The (relate) between hard work and success is clear; those who put in the effort tend to achieve their goals more easily.
③Many health problems are (relate) to unhealthy living habits and lack of regular exercise in daily life.
【写美】 完成句子
④The short English film .(活动介绍)
这部英文短片与我们学校的发展有关。
4.suit vt.适合 n.套装
教材原句 Do whichever of these things that suit you.做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。
【用法】
(1)suit sth to sb/sth 使某事适合于某人/某物
(2)suitable adj. 合适的;适用的
be suitable for 适合于……
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
【佳句】 The blue dress perfectly suited her, making her stand out in the crowd.
这件蓝色连衣裙非常适合她,使她在人群中脱颖而出。
【点津】 suit多指合乎需要、品味、性格、款式等;fit多指大小、形状等合适;match多指色调、形状、性质等搭配。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I think working in a team is suitable me, because I believe “Two heads are better than one.”
②They said the dog was suitable (live) in a home because it bonded with humans.
【写美】 完成句子
③I do believe , because I have a good knowledge of English.(申请信)
因为我精通英语,我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。
重点句型解构
◇ 句型公式:独立结构作状语
教材原句 To be frank, I’m addicted to my car.坦率地说,我离不开车。
【用法】
句中To be frank意为“坦白地说,坦率地说”,是一种非谓语独立结构作状语。类似结构还有:
(1)现在分词类:frankly/roughly/honestly/personally/generally/strictly speaking, judging from/by, taking everything into account/consideration, considering that, seeing that, assuming (that), supposing (that), talking of, speaking of, including, providing等。
(2)过去分词类:given, provided, compared with等。
(3)动词不定式类:to tell (you) the truth, to be honest (frank, exact ...), to sum up, to make the story short, to make things worse, to begin with (start with)等。
【佳句】 To make things worse, it started to snow when evening came.(环境描写)
更糟糕的是,当夜幕降临时,天开始下雪了。
Judging from his facial expression and body language, he’s lying.
根据他的面部表情和肢体语言判断,他在说谎。
【写美】 微写作
①坦率地说,如果我们更细心一些,我们所犯的许多错误是可以避免的。
, many mistakes we made could have been avoided if we had been more careful.
②考虑到没人对这次旅行特别热情,他们决定取消它。
, they decided to cancel the trip.
③如果再有一次机会的话,他肯定会成功的。
, he will surely succeed.
④和上学期相比,这学期我取得了更大进步。
, I have made greater progress this term.
⑤假设你被一所大学录取了,你打算怎样支付学费呢?
, how are you going to pay your tuition?
完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅴ
答案
Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION
【篇章赏读•习语言】
积语块
语块翻译
①去市中心 ②陷入 ③交通堵塞 ④焦虑的 ⑤比起
⑥……的数量 ⑦平均 ⑧与……有关联 ⑨对……有害
⑩对……上瘾 ⑪定期的锻炼 ⑫降低……的风险
⑬高达 ⑭采取行动 ⑮充满 ⑯限速 ⑰坐在那里
⑱用车去接
熟词生义
1.adj.陷入困境的 2.n.堵塞 3. v.排放 4.v.减少 5.v.结束 6.去接(某人)
【整体理解•学语篇】
Step Two
Ⅰ.D
Ⅱ.1-5 BDDDC
Ⅲ.1.figures 2.average 3.causes 4.deaths 5.related
6.suggestions 7.legs 8.public 9.Share 10.action
Step Three
Ⅰ.1.(1)How often have you heard these conversations?
(2)How often do we get stuck in traffic jams?
(3)How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry?
2.(1)In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.There are now 32 million cars.
(2)Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.
(3)Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.
(4)In 2014,over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres.
(5)Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!
3.Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars.
Ⅱ.1.交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一,因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。
2.在上车之前,想想你是否真的需要开车去那个地方。
3.我们经常觉得面对噪音、污染和交通危险,自己无能为力。
Ⅲ.1.The author knows that cars have negative effects and he/she wants to protect the environment (“We know that cars are bad for us.”,“All quite simple, isn’t it? Five easy ways to improve our environment.”) but he/she thinks it will be difficult for him/her to give up his/her car (“I’ve got to pick up my daughter from school ...The traffic is going to be horrible,but what can I do?”).
2.The title “The Road to Destruction” refers to the fact that the cars on the road will eventually lead to the destruction of our planet.
【核心知识•巧突破】
写作词汇集释
1.①annoyed ②annoying ③get annoyed with
2.①out ②stressed ③on/upon ④Under stress
3.①related ②relation ③related
④is related to/relates to the development of our school
4.①for ②to live ③this voluntary work suits me
重点句型解构
①To be frank
②Considering that nobody was very enthusiastic about it
③Given another chance ④Compared with last term
⑤Assuming that you are admitted by a university
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