语境12 自然环境保护（Word练习）-【百汇大课堂】2026年高考英语总复习下册·第1轮（浙江专用）

语境12　自然环境保护 (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A study published in the journal Nature lists some hybrid (杂种的) species that could become prevalent(盛行的) in the ocean due to climate change.Here are four of those hybrid species. “Grolar” bears—Grizzly bears and polar bears Evidence of a hybrid species born from grizzly or brown bears and polar bears has been found in the United States and Canada in the past. Known as “Grolar bears” or “Pizzlies”，they have a mostly white coat，with a brownish hue and a nose that is a cross between a polar bear and a grizzly or brown bear. They are known to be more suited to warmer temperatures than their Arctic relatives，as they do not rely so heavily on sea ice for hunting. “Narlugas”—Narwhals(独角鲸) and belugas(白鲸) In 1990，a hunter in West Greenland discovered an interesting skull，which appeared to be that of a beluga-narwhal hybrid.It wasn't until 2019 that DNA analysis confirmed that the creature was indeed 54% beluga from its father，and 46% narwhal from its mother. Experts believe that the hybrid may have been grey in color and possessed a tail like a narwhal but forward flippers like those of a beluga. Hybrids of harp seals and hooded seals Numerous species of Arctic seal are expected to mate(交配) to form hybrid offspring due to diminishing sea ice.This includes a hybrid of the harp seal and hooded seal，which both breed on pack ice of the North Atlantic Ocean and extend into the Arctic Ocean in summer months. A hybrid animal，found in the Gulf of St.Lawrence in Canada，was formally reported and confirmed by molecular analysis in 1997. “Harbor-Dall” porpoises(鼠海豚)—Harbor porpoises and Dall's porpoises Hybrids of the harbor porpoises and the Dall's porpoises have been found off the coast of British Columbia，Canada.Harbor porpoises are thought to be in decline due to habitat disturbance，meaning they may turn to other species to mate with. Experts believe more harbor porpoises will move north as temperatures rise，which will further increase their chances of breeding with Dall's porpoises. 1．What do the four listed animals have in common? A．They share the same color. B．They are born due to the polar cold. C．Their parents come from different species. D．Sea ice is extremely important for them to hunt. 2．Which animal can't be found in Canada? A．“Grolar” bears. B．“Narlugas”． C．Hybrids of harp seals and hooded seals. D．“Harbor-Dall” porpoises. 3．In which section of the Internet can we find this text? A．Economy. B．Education. C．Entertainment. D．Environment. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。由于气候变化，在海洋中一些杂交动物多了起来，文章列举了四种这样的杂交动物。 1．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Here are four of those hybrid species.”和对每种动物的描述可知，这四种动物的共同点是它们的父母不同种。故选C。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据“‘Narlugas’—Narwhals and belugas”部分的第一段内容可知，“Narlugas”是在格陵兰西部被发现的，而其他的都在加拿大被发现。故选B。 3．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是气候变化对海洋生物的影响，因此这篇文章可以在环境版块中找到。故选D。 B Minimizing the environmental damage that new roads cause is generally regarded as a good thing.But to do that，it helps to understand just how new roads cause the damage of which they are accused. Recently，a group of researchers led by Dr.Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations.A road destroys only a small part of the habitat，thus destroying just a few local populations of creatures.So the argument that road-building itself is bad for biodiversity is not self-evidently correct.Those who nevertheless hold this view say that apparently separate local populations of animals are，in fact，parts of much larger populations connected via migration. According to this theory，when a local population struggles to move about—because of an epidemic，for example—individuals from neighboring communities can fill the gaps. The implications of the theory are straightforward.Cut local populations off from each other and each is more likely to disappear.And roads are good at doing just that.Testing the theory with experimental roads，however，would be expensive. Dr. Gonzalez's brainwave was to do the whole thing on a much smaller scale. The team studied moss-covered rocks.On some rocks the researchers left the moss untouched; on others they made “roadways” across to leave the moss isolated.After waiting six months，they found that in the disturbed habitats nearly all the bug population had declined compared with undisturbed moss，and 40% of the species had become extinct. The real test came in the second part of the experiment.In this，the researchers removed moss much as before，but they left narrow moss paths to bridge the no-bug's-land between islands.The islands with bridges did far better than isolated islands—a result that supports the notion that population exchange is necessary to keep an ecosystem healthy. Whether these results can be translated to large-scale ecosystems remains uncertain. But if they can，they would cause more，not less，concern about the ecological effects of road-building.On the other hand，they also suggest a way out.In Britain，tunnels are often built under roads for animals of regular habits，such as badgers(獾)，to be able to travel their traditional routes without having to fight with traffic.Extending that principle，perhaps special bridges might be a cheap way of letting man and nature rub along a bit better. 4．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Calling on us to stop building roads for a healthy ecosystem. B．Warning us of potential dangers of animal immigration. C．Informing us of the environmental damage caused by new roads. D．Suggesting a new way to avoid the damage caused by new roads. 5．What can be found from Dr.Gonzalez's experiment? A．Building roads is expensive. B．Immigration is good for animals. C．Roads cut off animal immigration. D．Tunnels should be built under roads. 6．How does the author present his point? A．By analyzing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By providing scientific findings. D．By comparing possible effects. 7．According to the passage，which of the following statements will the writer agree with? A．The impact of road-building is not as serious as we thought. B．Road-building is beneficial to animal immigration. C．Environmental damage caused by road-building is still uncertain. D．Environmental damage caused by road-building might be lessened. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新建道路对环境造成破坏以及如何通过实验找到避免这种破坏的新方法。 4．C　[解析]主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要告诉我们新建道路对环境造成的破坏。故选C。 5．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recently，a group of researchers led by Dr.Gonzalez conducted an experiment and proved that immigration is good for the health of animal populations.”可知，迁徙对动物有益。故选B。 6．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Recently，a group of researchers ...immigration is good for the health of animal populations.”，第三段内容和第五段中的“After waiting six months ...and 40% of the species had become extinct.”可知，作者是通过列举科学发现来呈现自己的观点的。故选C。 7．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In Britain，tunnels are often built ...and nature rub along a bit better.”可知，作者认为通过合理建设道路，可以减轻道路造成的环境破坏。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Volunteer Ruth，a member of Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew in South Wales，enjoyed a short period on the boats.On her first “shout”，she helped to 　1　 a fisherman's life.But sea sickness and “all that kneeling down and bouncing up and down on the 　2　” soon made it clear to her that the role didn't suit her mid-life body. The warm welcome Ruth received from fellow volunteers，　3　，meant she didn't want to 　4　 at all.“As soon as I joined，it was fantastic.I spent eight years in the Army and there was a(n) 　5　 feel about the work：the 　6　 and everybody supporting each other，” she says.So she 　7　 Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew to take joint responsibility for making sure that lifeboats are launched 　8　．Twice a week Ruth attends training sessions，　9　 new skills，and she carries a pager(寻呼机).Whenever it goes off，she 　10　 to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch while other 　11　 get changed to board it.When they return，she's waiting to 　12　 them to solve any problems they may have experienced. “The 　13　 and bond that are made between people from all different age groups and walks of life are 　14　．Even though I give my 　15　，what I get back is so much more，” she adds. 1．A．change B．dedicate C．save D．rebuild 2．A．sands B．shore C．waves D．land 3．A．therefore B．instead C．besides D．though 4．A．quit B．guide C．share D．follow 5．A．empty B．similar C．awful D．natural 6．A．teamwork B．flexibility C．creativity D．glory 7．A．chose B．paid C．rejected D．forced 8．A．eventually B．safely C．fortunately D．publicly 9．A．sticking to B．depending on C．picking up D．preparing for 10．A．wanders B．jogs C．slides D．heads 11．A．fishermen B．colleagues C．passengers D．soldiers 12．A．bother B．allow C．order D．support 13．A．ownership B．friendship C．membership D．leadership 14．A．risk-taking B．heart-breaking C．face-saving D．life-changing 15．A．gifts B．opinions C．time D．life 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了在Porthcawl救生艇站岸上船员的一员Ruth，她本觉得这份工作不适合她，但同事的热情欢迎让她坚持了下来，她在救生站收获了友谊和人生的意义。 1．C　[解析]根据前文“Volunteer Ruth，a member of Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew in South Wales”可知，Ruth是Porthcawl救生艇站岸上船员的一员，故此处指她帮助拯救了一个渔夫的生命，故选C。 2．C　[解析]根据前文sea sickness和bouncing up and down可知，这是在海浪上的反应，故选C。 3．D　[解析]根据“But sea sickness and ...didn't suit her mid-life body.”和“The warm welcome ...she didn't want to 　4　 at all.”可知，身体不适应与不想放弃构成转折关系，故选D。 4．A　[解析]根据前文The warm welcome Ruth received from fellow volunteers可知，Ruth受到了志愿者同伴的热情欢迎，因此她不想放弃这个工作，故选A。 5．B　[解析]根据后文“the 　6　 and everybody supporting each other”可知，他们相互支持对方，有团队精神，这与在军队里的感觉相似，故选B。 6．A　[解析]根据空后and everybody supporting each other可知，人人都支持对方，故此处指他们有团队精神，故选A。 7．A　[解析]根据前文可知，他们有着团队精神，故此处指她选择和同事们一起承担责任，确保救生船安全地发动，故选A。 8．B　[解析]根据空前making sure that lifeboats are launched可知，她是救生站的一员，因此要共同确保救生船安全地发动，故选B。 9．C　[解析]根据前文Twice a week Ruth attends training sessions可知，她参加了培训课程，故此处指学习新的技巧，故选C。 10．D　[解析]根据空后to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch可知，她赶去帮助做好船下水的准备，故此处指前往救生站，故选D。 11．B　[解析]根据前文helps get the boat ready for launch可知，她帮助做好船下水的准备，而救生站的其他同事则登船，出发救援，故选B。 12．D　[解析]根据空后to solve any problems they may have experienced可知，她帮助他们解决可能遇到的问题，即支持他们，故选D。 13．B　[解析]根据空后and bond that are made between people from all different age groups可知，此处指她在工作过程中与同事建立的联系和友谊，故选B。 14．D　[解析]结合前文内容可知，Ruth原本觉得这份工作不适合她，但同事的热情欢迎却让她留了下来，并收获了友谊和人生的意义，故此处指与不同年龄段和各行各业的人之间建立的友谊和联系是改变一生的，故选D。 15．C　[解析]根据前文“Whenever it goes off，she 　10　 to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch”可知，只要传呼机一响起，她便要前往救生站帮助做好船下水的准备，因此她为这份工作奉献了自己的时间，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$