语境11 人与动植物（Word练习）-【百汇大课堂】2026年高考英语总复习下册·第1轮（浙江专用）

语境11　人与动植物 (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A recent scientific report says that more than one-fifth of the world's reptiles(爬行动物) are at the risk of dying out. Reptiles are cold-blooded，which means their bodies have the same temperature as the area around them.Examples of reptiles include animals like snakes，lizards，and crocodiles. The study is the first worldwide measurement of how threatened different species of reptiles are.For 15 years，between 2007 and 2022，researchers collected information on over 10，000 different kinds of reptiles.The new report has revealed some unhappy news—21% of all reptile species are in danger of extinction.That's over 1，800 species in all.The study reported that at least 31 species of reptiles have already gone extinct. The main reason why these reptiles are faced with extinction is that humans are taking over more and more of their habitat.More land continues to be cleared to make room for cities and towns.Large areas of land are also being cleared so that they can be used as farmland.Logging—cutting down trees for wood—is another big threat to reptile habitat. When we talk about reptiles，many people may think of hot，dry areas.But some of the most endangered reptiles live in forests.The new study reports that 30% of reptile species that live in forests are at the risk of dying out.Turtles and crocodiles are among the most threatened reptiles—60% of turtle species and 50% of crocodile species are at the risk of extinction. Similar worldwide studies were made of birds，mammals，and amphibians(两栖动物) more than ten years ago.The authors of the report say it is harder to collect the money needed to study reptiles.They believe that's because furry(覆盖毛皮的) or feathery animals like mammals and birds are more popular with most people. Scientists say that the good news is that we know what must be done to protect reptiles.Bruce Young，one of the leaders of the study，says，“We have all the tools we need.” Protecting natural areas，especially rain forests，is at the top of the list. 1．What should be responsible for the loss of reptile habitat according to Paragraph 4? A．Changes in agricultural practices. B．Environmental pollution. C．Climate change. D．Human activities. 2．What is the most endangered reptile species? A．Snake species. B．Lizard species. C．Crocodile species. D．Turtle species. 3．Why is it more difficult to raise money to study reptiles? A．They are less popular than furry or feathery animals. B．Most people are not aware that they are endangered. C．It is much more expensive to do research on them. D．It is much harder to find and observe them. 4．What is the theme of the text? A．Reptiles have their own way of living in their habitat. B．Many reptile species are at the risk of going extinct. C．Many reptile species are protected by a lot of laws. D．Reptiles play an important role in an ecosystem. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爬行动物面临灭绝的危险以及原因和保护措施。 1．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The main reason why these reptiles are faced with extinction is that humans are taking over more and more of their habitat.”可知，人类活动对爬行动物栖息地的丧失负有责任。 2．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Turtles and crocodiles are among the most threatened reptiles—60% of turtle species and 50% of crocodile species are at the risk of extinction.”可知，最濒危的爬行动物是龟类。 3．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The authors of the report say it is harder to collect the money needed to study reptiles.They believe that's because furry or feathery animals like mammals and birds are more popular with most people.”可知，爬行动物的研究更难筹集资金是因为它们不如毛茸茸或有羽毛的动物受欢迎。 4．B　[解析]主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent scientific report says that more than one-fifth of the world's reptiles are at the risk of dying out.”结合文章主要介绍了爬行动物面临灭绝的危险以及原因和保护措施可知，文章主题是许多爬行动物有灭绝的危险。 B (2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.Referred to as matrix planting，this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden，and even some of the designing.Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools，it's based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly(模块化).In a matrix garden，plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground，forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style，adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form，including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife.Beautiful year-round，they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail，from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural.While matrix gardens appear wild，they are carefully planned，with cultural needs the first consideration.Led by the concept of “right plant，right place，” they match plants that enjoy the same soil，sun and weather conditions，and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet.With human inputs dramatically reduced，the garden's ecology can develop well.Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer，dividing，regular watering.Compared to traditional garden plots，they increase carbon absorption，reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 5．What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A．Running out of. B．Keeping away from. C．Putting up with. D．Taking advantage of. 6．Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A．To control weeds in large gardens. B．To bring in foreign species of plants. C．To conserve soil and water resources. D．To develop low-maintenance parkland. 7．Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf's gardens? A．Traditional . B．Odd-looking. C．Tasteful . D．Well-protected. 8．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．The future of gardening is WILD B．Nature treats all lives as EQUALS C．Matrix gardens need more CARE D．Old garden plots work WONDERS 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“矩阵式”种植方法，倡导模仿自然设计园艺。 5．B　[解析]词义猜测题。由画线词所在句Eschewing fertilizers and power tools以及后文提到的to garden more like nature does可知，矩阵种植强调减少人为干预，因此画线词意为 “避免，远离”，故选B。 6．D　[解析]细节理解题。由第二段首句“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.”可知，这种方法是为了解决大型公园的低维护种植问题，故选D。 7．C　[解析]推理判断题。由第三段首句中的“adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form，including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife”可知，Piet Oudolf 的花园充满艺术性，即很有品位，故选C。 8．A　[解析]标题概括题。本文主要围绕“矩阵式”种植方法展开，并强调其自然与高效，“The future of gardening is WILD”这一标题能概括主旨，故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·湖北武昌适应性考试)Many people think of travel as an experience. Sometimes，however，you cannot choose the places you travel to. My husband 　1　 himself posted in Brunei for work.Being three months pregnant meant that I had a choice：　2　 stay with him in Brunei for three months before returning back to India or remain in India alone.I chose the former. Brunei had never held any 　3　 to me.Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me nothing 　4　 one beautiful mosque(清真寺).The flights were expensive so traveling 　5　 was not an option.I was overwhelmed by a sense of being 　6　 in a remote place.Needless to say，I reached Brunei in a pretty bad mood.I think one of the things that 　7　 me the most even in such mood was the large areas of greenery that 　8　 us，which made me calm. After a week，I soon found myself 　9　 with people around me.The 　10　 all went out of their way to make me feel comfortable.The more comfortable I felt，the more we 　11　．I hiked，I joined the board game community，and I enjoyed the local cuisine.Three months later when it was time to leave，I was 　12　 to say goodbye to the warmth of the country I had called 　13　 for a short while. I think that my time in Brunei taught me a 　14　 lesson：Don't judge a place by what others say.Sure，you may not always like what you see，but you just need to take a(n) 　15　 look to find something you will like. 1．A．felt B．found C．expected D．kept 2．A．neither B．rather C．either D．whether 3．A．adventure B．curiosity C．impression D．appeal 4．A．other than B．rather than C．more than D．except for 5．A．frequently B．continually C．casually D．intensively 6．A．addicted B．refreshed C．trapped D．revived 7．A．adored B．upset C．surprised D．struck 8．A．generated B．surrounded C．touched D．impressed 9．A．laughing B．celebrating C．interacting D．struggling 10．A．colleagues B．locals C．officials D．friends 11．A．contributed B．explored C．adapted D．alleviated 12．A．unwilling B．eager C．satisfied D．anxious 13．A．destination B．territory C．home D．heaven 14．A．advanced B．valuable C．plain D．related 15．A．professional B．flexible C．irregular D．hard 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者跟随丈夫去文莱住了三个月，在此期间，作者对文莱的认知和感受发生了巨大的变化。 1．B　[解析]考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫被派驻文莱工作。根据下文himself posted in Brunei for work可知，作者的丈夫被派驻文莱工作。find oneself指发现自己处于某种状态，符合语境。 2．C　[解析]考查固定搭配。句意：怀孕三个月意味着我有一个选择：要么和他一起在文莱待三个月，然后返回印度，要么独自一人。根据上文Being three months pregnant meant that I had a choice和下文可知，作者要在两者中做选择，“either ...or ...”意为“或者……或者……”，符合语境。 3．D　[解析]考查名词词义辨析。句意：文莱对我从来没有什么吸引力。根据下文Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me nothing可知，文莱没有什么可以吸引作者的。 4．A　[解析]考查固定短语辨析。句意：无论我在网上做什么研究，除了一座美丽的清真寺，我什么也找不到。根据上下文“Whatever research I pulled off the Internet showed me nothing 　4　 one beautiful mosque.”可知，前后为转折，所以应该是除了一座美丽的清真寺什么都没有。other than“除了”，符合语境。 5．A　[解析]考查副词词义辨析。句意：机票很贵，所以经常出行不是一个选择。根据上文The flights were expensive可知，飞机票很贵，所以经常出行不太现实。 6．C　[解析]考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强烈地感受到要被困在一个遥远的地方了。根据上文“The flights were expensive so traveling 　5　 was not an option.”可知，机票很贵，不能来回出行，所以作者有一种被困在文莱的感觉。 7．D　[解析]考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，即使在这种心情下，最让我印象深刻的是我们周围大面积的绿色植物，这让我感到平静。根据下文“the most even in such mood was the large areas of greenery that 　8　 us，which made me calm”可知，是大面积的绿植给作者留下深刻印象，让作者感到平静。 8．B　[解析]考查动词词义辨析。根据上文the large areas of greenery和下文which made me calm可知，应该是被绿植包围，让人感到平静。 9．C　[解析]考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我很快就发现自己能和周围的人交流了。根据下文“The 　10　 all went out of their way to make me feel comfortable.”可知，当地人很热心，作者很快就能和他们交流互动了。 10．B　[解析]考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人都想尽办法让我感到舒适。根据上文with people around me可知，作者到了文莱，身边应该都是当地人。 11．B　[解析]考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉越舒服，我们探索得就越多。根据下文“I hiked，I joined the board game community，and I enjoyed the local cuisine.”可知，当地人让作者感到舒服，作者就越喜欢探索当地，参加当地的活动，品尝当地的美食。 12．A　[解析]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，当我要离开的时候，我不愿意离开这个我短暂称之为家的温暖的国家。根据上文“The more comfortable I felt，the more we 　11　．I hiked，I joined the board game community，and I enjoyed the local cuisine.”可知，作者适应了文莱的生活，所以不愿意离开。 13．C　[解析]考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The more comfortable I felt，the more we 　11　．I hiked，I joined the board game community，and I enjoyed the local cuisine.”和the warmth of the country可知，作者适应了文莱的生活，感受到了这个国家的温暖，所以她把文莱当作家。 14．B　[解析]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为在文莱的经历给我上了宝贵的一课。根据下文“Don't judge a place by what others say.”可知，在文莱的经历给作者上了宝贵的一课，让作者知道评判一个地方不能只看别人怎么说。 15．D　[解析]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，你可能并不总是喜欢你所看到的，但你只需要仔细看看才能找到你会喜欢的东西。根据下文to find something you will like可知，要找到你会喜欢的东西，就要仔细看看。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$