精品解析：山东省烟台市招远市2024-2025学年九年级下学期期末考试英语(笔试)试题

2024—2025学年度第二学期第二学段测试 初三英语(笔试)试题 说明： 1.本试卷共8页, 共90分；考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前, 务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 3.选择题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。 4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题纸指定区域内相应位置；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5.在试卷上和答题纸指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分） 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 （A） It’s believed that chopsticks have been around for thousands of years Sometime in the past, people began cooking their food in large pots. The food was cut up into small pieces so that it would cook faster. Rather than reach their fingers into the pots, people began to fish for their food with sticks. It became easier to get the food using a pair of sticks, so the chopsticks were born! In modern times, chopsticks are used in most parts of Asia, including Japan, Malaysia, North Korea and Vietnam, making them one of the world’s most popular ways of eating. Chopsticks are usually made of wood, plastic, metal, ivory and jade (玉). Bamboo is also a common chopstick material. In ancient times, silver chopsticks were used because they were thought to turn black when they touched the poison (毒药). Chopsticks are not only used for eating but also used as gifts. There are often lots of different paintings on chopsticks. As chopsticks slowly became more popular, chopsticks began to be made of different materials and turned into different shapes. Now there are many kinds of chopsticks for different uses. One kind of them is for eating normal meals. Chopsticks for the kitchen are longer. Each family member has his or her own chopsticks, with a different mark, starting at about 2-3 years of age. 1. The underlined word “fish” means “ ” in Chinese. A. 鱼肉 B. 摸找 C. 渔夫 D. 垂钓 2. In ancient times, why were silver chopsticks used? A. Because they were very beautiful. B. Because they were cheap. C. Because people thought they could show poison. D. Because they were easy to make. 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Chopsticks are used in most parts of Asia. B. Chopsticks can be made of wood plastic, metal and so on. C People started using their own chopsticks at about 10 years old. D. Chopsticks are not only for eating but also for gifts. (B) Every day, a ten-year-old boy would go on a walk up the hill with his father. One day, the boy said, “Dad, let’s have a race today. The one who reaches the top of the hill first wins.” His father smiled and agreed. Then, both of them started running. After a while, the father suddenly stopped. “Are you tired, Dad?” the boy asked. “No. There are some small stones in my shoes. I need to take them out,” the father replied. The boy said he had stones in his shoes too, but he decided to clear them out after reaching the hilltop. He quickly ran ahead while his father stopped to remove the stones. Soon, the boy began to feel a lot of pain in his feet and had to slow down. His father caught up and asked, “Why don’t you get stones out of your shoes first?” “I don’t have time for that,” said the boy. Before long, the father overtook the boy. The boy couldn’t even walk because of the pain. He stopped there and cried for help. The father quickly turned back, took off his shoes and noticed that the boy’s feet were injured. He carried him home and carefully treated his injuries (伤口). “I told you to clear the stones first” the father said. “I thought if I stopped, I wouldn’t win the race,” the boy said. “It’s not like that. If any problems come in our life, we should not put them off carelessly just because we think we don’t have time. That may make things worse,” the father said. “It would have taken you just one minute to clear those stones, but now, you’ll have to stand the pain for one week as a result.” 4. Why did the father stop suddenly? A. He was tired. B. He heard a cry. C. He needed to clear the stones. D. Some stones blocked his way ahead. 5. What did the boy do when he felt stones in his shoes? A. He kept running. B He stopped to rest. C. He took off his shoes. D. He turned to his father. 6. What was the result of the race? A. The father won the race. B. Neither of them finished the race. C. The son finished the race with help. D. They reached the top at the same time. 7. What might the son learn from his father’s words? A. Accidents will happen. B. The one who laughs last laughs best. C. It’s important to solve problems in time. D. One should make good use of every minute. (C) Nowadays, smart home devices (设备) have become a popular choice for more and more people. They allow people to manage their homes from anywhere, making life more convenient and enjoyable. However, they also come with safety risks that you may not notice. Some smart home devices are often rushed to the market, without complete safety testing. As a result, some baby monitors (婴儿监护器) and cameras have been hacked (非法入侵), so hackers (黑客) could spy on others and even control their devices. Many experts believe that with smart home devices, you shouldn’t ask “if” they will be hacked, but “when”, because many of these devices are easy to hack and don’t have strong protection. If hackers break into your devices, they could steal your WiFi password or other saved personal information. Criminals might monitor your device activity to find out when you get up, when you’re not at home, when you come back from work and so on. Moreover, many people control their smart devices through smartphones, which means personal information like emails, social media accounts (账户), and even bank accounts could be at risk. Although the risks of smart home devices might sound scary, there are several ways to stay safe. One of the easiest ways is to keep devices updated (更新). Companies often put out new versions (版本) to fix weaknesses in their systems, so be sure to update your systems regularly. Another important way is to protect your network. Use a strong WiFi password, turn on network encryption (加密), and consider setting up a guest network for your smart devices. This will help stop strangers from visiting your network and devices. 8. Many people use smart home devices because _____. A. they are easy to buy B. they make their life easier to manage C. they make homes more modern D. they’re designed for non-stop operation 9. What do many experts think of the hacking? A. It doesn’t affect people too much. B. It’s a problem that can be solved easily. C. It often happens to certain kinds of devices. D. It’s highly likely to happen due to weak protection. 10. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. Your daily routine might be known to hackers. B. Devices can protect information by themselves. C. Hackers cannot break into devices controlled by a smartphone. D. Smart home devices store less information than smartphones. 11. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. How to keep your smart devices safe. B. Why smart home devices are expensive. C. How hackers steal personal information. D. The dangers of using smart home devices. (D) The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometres long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life—no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the shore, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 12. Where is the Dead Sea? A. In the Jordan Rift Valley in southeast Asia. B. In the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. C. In the Nile River Valley in northeast Africa. D. In the Amazon River Basin in south America. 13. Why is the Dead Sea so salty? A. Because it rains a lot there every year. B. Because a large amount of fresh water flows into it. C. Because of its special natural conditions like little rainfall and rapid evaporation. D. Because there are many salt-producing factories around it. 14. Why is the Dead Sea called “Dead Sea”? A. Because it has a very high salt concentration. B. Because it is very wide and long. C. Because no plants or animals can survive in it due to the high salt concentration. D. Because it is the lowest point on Earth’s land. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Swimming in the Dead Sea is tiring. B. The Dead Sea is a popular place for tourists. C. The salt in the Dead Sea is bad for people’s skin. D. The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Diving underwater (水下潜水) is exciting, but it can be dangerous in many ways. So organizations like PADI (国际专业潜水教练协会) offer training courses to make sure divers can enjoy themselves safely underwater. From a young age, Mia DaPonte learned that her mother was a diver. ___16___ But the minimum age (最低年龄) to start diver training is 10. Starting on her 10th birthday, Mia got serious. Mia lives in Rhode Island, where the oceans are cold. ___17___ Mia’s diving teachers were impressed with her energy and drive. “She sets her mind to something and she gets it done,” said one of her diving teachers. Over the next two years, Mia kept at it. She not only practised diving, but also took several other courses where she learned different skills, including first aid and how to find her way underwater. ___18___ In February, Mia and her family travelled to Mexico, where she made her first night dive. Over the next week, Mia did most of the training needed for the last two courses. ___19___ Mia completed three dives in one day, including a deep dive to 17.5 meters underwater. The hardest part was showing she could raise an injured adult diver to the surface and take the steps needed to help him breathe again. Mia says she feels proud to have become a Master Scuba Diver (名仕潜水员). The 12-year-old is now New England’s youngest girl to earn the title. Most divers, even adults, never complete this level of training. ___20___ She’s prepared to take on more training as a diver. In the future, Mia hopes to become a marine biologist (海洋生物学家). She’s quite interested in tagging, tracking and studying sharks! A. But she doesn’t plan to stop there. B. But she didn’t let that stop her. C. Mia also learned about how to recognize different fish. D. She wanted to become a diver as well. E. It is a perfect place to practice diving. F. That training was challenging. 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, our school organized (组织) an environmental protection activity. The goal was to ___21___ the problem of plastic (塑料) pollution. At first, most students stayed ___22___, unsure how to start. But Lily, a quiet girl from Class 3, ___23___ raise her hand and shared a creative idea. “Let’s make reusable cloth bags in our community,” she said. “If we use ___24___ materials, everyone can join easily.” Her confidence made the class ___25___ listen carefully. Even students who often ___26___ school meetings showed interest this time. Our school ___27___ encouraging creative ideas, so teachers immediately supported Lily’s plan. We divided into groups: some designed posters, while others ___28___ collecting old clothes. Lily reminded everyone to ___29___ separating recyclable items (物品) properly. In the end, we made 200 bags and gave them away to local shops. The headmaster praised our teamwork, and we all ____30____ this achievement. Now all the students in our school no longer use plastic bags, but replace them with recyclable cloth bags. 21. A. find B. discuss C. deal with D. discover 22. A. angrily B. in silence C. lazily D. excitedly 23. A. was afraid to B. dared to C. forgot to D. returned to 24. A. expensive B. special C. inexpensive D. colorful 25. A. pay attention to B. be willing to C. hate to D. try to 26. A. were absent from B. enjoyed C. recorded D. stole 27. A. is known for B. is bad at C. worries about D. is good with 28. A. celebrated B. forgot C. kept D. suggested 29. A. laugh at B. give up C. forget about D. pay attention to 30. A. took pride in B. were bored with C. were strict with D. were sad with 第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists from China’s Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot “guide dog” to help blind people. The robot is now ___31___ (test) in Shanghai. ___32___ the help of cameras and AI, the robot dog can see, listen and speak with blind people. It can help them during daily trips outside and be a “friend” at home. Blind people can also use a cane (手杖) to control the robot’s walking and ___33___ (run) speed. The robot can even recognize traffic lights (识别信号灯)—real guide dogs ___34___ (able) to do that. The robot dog is about the size of an English bulldog (斗牛犬) but a little wider. It has six legs instead ___35___ four. The extra legs make it more stable (稳定的) and help it move ___36___ (fast). 41-year-old Li Fei and 42-year-old Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot. Li is totally blind and Zhu can only see a little. Zhu often uses a cane to move around. “The robot dog will make it ___37___ (easy) to get into public places than with real guide dogs. I am happy to join in the test. It could change our ___38___ (life) in the near future,” Li said. In China, there are about 17.31 million blind people, but there are only about 400 guide dogs. The new robot is trying to solve this problem. “We believe our robot will act as a pair of ___39___ (eye) for blind people,” said Professor Gao Feng, one of the ____40____ (scientist). He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，完成短文后的问题。 Traveling by plane can be a bit of a mixed bag. There are plenty of not-so-fun things that come with it. Standing in long lines, being stuck in the middle seat, and having to deal with flight delays (延误) are just some of them. And here’s another common trouble: getting blocked ears, which is also known as “airplane ear”. But why does this happen? Well, it all has to do with changes in air pressure. When a plane takes off and goes higher up in the sky, the air outside our ears gets thinner. Because of this, the air pressure outside drops quickly. But inside our ears, the air is still like it was on the ground. This air is thicker and has a higher pressure. So, there’s a difference in pressure between the air inside and outside our ears. This pressure difference makes the air inside our ears push against our eardrums (耳膜). You know, air always moves from places with high pressure to places with low pressure. When the air inside our ears pushes on the eardrums, it makes our ears feel blocked and uncomfortable. Sometimes, when the air finally gets out, our ears make a “pop” sound. But a lot of people don’t like this feeling. The good news is, there are some easy things we can do to help. Drinking some water, swallowing (吞咽), yawning (打哈欠), or eating hard candies can all be helpful. The air in our ears is in a tube (管子) called the eustachian tube (咽鼓管). This tube connects the middle ear to the back of our nose and throat. When we swallow, it can make the eustachian tube open a little wider. This helps the air inside our ears come out, and then our ears feel better. But these things don’t always work. Sometimes, our ears stay blocked for a long time, and it can even start to hurt. Everyone’s body and ears are a little different, so the simple ways might not solve the problem. If your ears are still blocked a long time after you get off the plane, you should go to see a doctor. That way, you can make sure your ears are okay. 41. What unpleasant things are there when taking a plane? _________________________________________________________________ 42. What does the happening of airplane ear have to do with? _________________________________________________________________ 43. What makes the air in our ears push against our eardrums? _________________________________________________________________ 44. What can we do to deal with “airplane ear”? _________________________________________________________________ 45. When should you see a doctor for “airplane ear”? _________________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分 20 分） 46. 2025年是“体重管理年”实施的第一年，学校发起体重控制健身活动。假设你是李华，请根据以下提示信息和自身经历，以“A Healthier Me in the Weight Management Year”为题，用英语写一段感言，谈一下自己的做法和感受，在学校公众号上发表，呼吁同学们参与到这个活动中来。提示信息： 以前 现在 饮食方面 吃太多肉，垃圾食品，喝很多饮料 均衡饮食 运动方面 几乎不运动 每天跑步，打篮球 感受方面 太胖，跑不动 瘦身5千克，精力充沛 要求： 1.包含所给要点，可适当发挥； 2.不要出现真实校名和姓名； 3.不少于80词，已经给出的部分不计入总词数。 A Healthier Me in the Weight Management Year Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. This “Weight Management Year” truly changed my life. I’m really excited to share my experience with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第二学期第二学段测试 初三英语(笔试)试题 说明： 1.本试卷共8页, 共90分；考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前, 务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 3.选择题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。 4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题纸指定区域内相应位置；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5.在试卷上和答题纸指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分） 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 （A） It’s believed that chopsticks have been around for thousands of years. Sometime in the past, people began cooking their food in large pots. The food was cut up into small pieces so that it would cook faster. Rather than reach their fingers into the pots, people began to fish for their food with sticks. It became easier to get the food using a pair of sticks, so the chopsticks were born! In modern times, chopsticks are used in most parts of Asia, including Japan, Malaysia, North Korea and Vietnam, making them one of the world’s most popular ways of eating. Chopsticks are usually made of wood, plastic, metal, ivory and jade (玉). Bamboo is also a common chopstick material. In ancient times, silver chopsticks were used because they were thought to turn black when they touched the poison (毒药). Chopsticks are not only used for eating but also used as gifts. There are often lots of different paintings on chopsticks. As chopsticks slowly became more popular, chopsticks began to be made of different materials and turned into different shapes. Now there are many kinds of chopsticks for different uses. One kind of them is for eating normal meals. Chopsticks for the kitchen are longer. Each family member has his or her own chopsticks, with a different mark, starting at about 2-3 years of age. 1. The underlined word “fish” means “ ” in Chinese. A. 鱼肉 B. 摸找 C. 渔夫 D. 垂钓 2. In ancient times, why were silver chopsticks used? A. Because they were very beautiful. B. Because they were cheap. C. Because people thought they could show poison. D. Because they were easy to make. 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Chopsticks are used in most parts of Asia. B. Chopsticks can be made of wood, plastic, metal and so on. C. People started using their own chopsticks at about 10 years old. D. Chopsticks are not only for eating but also for gifts. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了筷子的起源、使用范围、制作材料、用途以及随着流行出现的不同种类等内容。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Rather than reach their fingers into the pots, people began to fish for their food with sticks.”可知，人们不把手指伸进锅里，而是用木棍去“找、取”食物，所以“fish”在这里是“摸找；取”的意思。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In ancient times, silver chopsticks were used because they were thought to turn black when they touched the poison”可知，古代用银筷子是因为人们认为它们碰到毒药会变黑，也就是能显示出是否有毒，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Each family member has his or her own chopsticks, with a different mark, starting at about 2-3 years of age.”可知，大约2-3岁开始使用自己的筷子，不是10岁，C选项错误。故选C。 (B) Every day, a ten-year-old boy would go on a walk up the hill with his father. One day, the boy said, “Dad, let’s have a race today. The one who reaches the top of the hill first wins.” His father smiled and agreed. Then, both of them started running. After a while, the father suddenly stopped. “Are you tired, Dad?” the boy asked. “No. There are some small stones in my shoes. I need to take them out,” the father replied. The boy said he had stones in his shoes too, but he decided to clear them out after reaching the hilltop. He quickly ran ahead while his father stopped to remove the stones. Soon, the boy began to feel a lot of pain in his feet and had to slow down. His father caught up and asked, “Why don’t you get stones out of your shoes first?” “I don’t have time for that,” said the boy. Before long, the father overtook the boy. The boy couldn’t even walk because of the pain. He stopped there and cried for help. The father quickly turned back, took off his shoes and noticed that the boy’s feet were injured. He carried him home and carefully treated his injuries (伤口). “I told you to clear the stones first” the father said. “I thought if I stopped, I wouldn’t win the race,” the boy said. “It’s not like that. If any problems come in our life, we should not put them off carelessly just because we think we don’t have time. That may make things worse,” the father said. “It would have taken you just one minute to clear those stones, but now, you’ll have to stand the pain for one week as a result.” 4. Why did the father stop suddenly? A. He was tired. B. He heard a cry. C. He needed to clear the stones. D. Some stones blocked his way ahead. 5. What did the boy do when he felt stones in his shoes? A. He kept running. B. He stopped to rest. C. He took off his shoes. D. He turned to his father. 6. What was the result of the race? A. The father won the race. B. Neither of them finished the race. C. The son finished the race with help. D. They reached the top at the same time. 7. What might the son learn from his father’s words? A. Accidents will happen. B. The one who laughs last laughs best. C. It’s important to solve problems in time. D. One should make good use of every minute. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个男孩因不愿停下取出鞋里的石子而最终疼痛难忍输掉比赛，父亲借此教导他遇到问题不应拖延，否则会让事情变糟的道理。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There are some small stones in my shoes. I need to take them out”可知，父亲突然停下是因为要清理鞋子里石头，故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The boy said he had stones in his shoes too, but he decided to clear them out after reaching the hilltop. He quickly ran ahead...”可知，男孩感觉鞋子里有石头时继续跑，故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Before long, the father overtook the boy. The boy couldn’t even walk because of the pain. He stopped there and cried for help.”可知，男孩因脚痛无法完成比赛，父亲超过他后，返回帮助男孩，所以两人都没有完成比赛。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“If any problems come in our life, we should not put them off carelessly just because we think we don’t have time. That may make things worse”可知，文章强调遇到问题要及时解决，不能拖延，所以儿子可能学到及时解决问题很重要。故选C。 (C) Nowadays, smart home devices (设备) have become a popular choice for more and more people. They allow people to manage their homes from anywhere, making life more convenient and enjoyable. However, they also come with safety risks that you may not notice. Some smart home devices are often rushed to the market, without complete safety testing. As a result, some baby monitors (婴儿监护器) and cameras have been hacked (非法入侵), so hackers (黑客) could spy on others and even control their devices. Many experts believe that with smart home devices, you shouldn’t ask “if” they will be hacked, but “when”, because many of these devices are easy to hack and don’t have strong protection. If hackers break into your devices, they could steal your WiFi password or other saved personal information. Criminals might monitor your device activity to find out when you get up, when you’re not at home, when you come back from work and so on. Moreover, many people control their smart devices through smartphones, which means personal information like emails, social media accounts (账户), and even bank accounts could be at risk. Although the risks of smart home devices might sound scary there are several ways to stay safe. One of the easiest ways is to keep devices updated (更新). Companies often put out new versions (版本) to fix weaknesses in their systems, so be sure to update your systems regularly. Another important way is to protect your network. Use a strong WiFi password, turn on network encryption (加密), and consider setting up a guest network for your smart devices. This will help stop strangers from visiting your network and devices. 8 Many people use smart home devices because _____. A. they are easy to buy B. they make their life easier to manage C. they make homes more modern D. they’re designed for non-stop operation 9. What do many experts think of the hacking? A. It doesn’t affect people too much. B. It’s a problem that can be solved easily. C. It often happens to certain kinds of devices. D. It’s highly likely to happen due to weak protection. 10. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. Your daily routine might be known to hackers. B. Devices can protect information by themselves. C. Hackers cannot break into devices controlled by a smartphone. D. Smart home devices store less information than smartphones. 11. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. How to keep your smart devices safe. B. Why smart home devices are expensive. C. How hackers steal personal information. D. The dangers of using smart home devices. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了智能家居设备如何改变人们的生活，以及它们带来的安全风险及应对措施。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They allow people to manage their homes from anywhere, making life more convenient and enjoyable.”可知，人们使用智能家居设备是因为它们让生活更易于管理。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Many experts believe that with smart home devices, you shouldn’t ask ‘if’ they will be hacked, but ‘when’, because many of these devices are easy to hack and don’t have strong protection.”可知，专家认为由于保护薄弱，黑客入侵极有可能发生。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Criminals might monitor your device activity to find out when you get up, when you’re not at home, when you come back from work and so on.”可知，你的日常生活规律可能会被黑客知晓。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后两段“One of the easiest ways is to keep devices updated.”和“Another important way is to protect your network.”可知，最后两段主要讨论如何保护智能设备的安全。故选A。 (D) The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometres long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life—no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the shore, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 12. Where is the Dead Sea? A. In the Jordan Rift Valley in southeast Asia. B. In the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. C. In the Nile River Valley in northeast Africa. D. In the Amazon River Basin in south America. 13. Why is the Dead Sea so salty? A. Because it rains a lot there every year. B. Because a large amount of fresh water flows into it. C. Because of its special natural conditions like little rainfall and rapid evaporation. D. Because there are many salt-producing factories around it. 14. Why is the Dead Sea called “Dead Sea”? A. Because it has a very high salt concentration. B. Because it is very wide and long. C. Because no plants or animals can survive in it due to the high salt concentration. D. Because it is the lowest point on Earth’s land. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Swimming in the Dead Sea is tiring. B. The Dead Sea is a popular place for tourists. C. The salt in the Dead Sea is bad for people’s skin. D. The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了死海的地理位置、盐度成因、名称由来以及其作为旅游景点的特点等多方面内容。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia.”可知，死海位于亚洲西南部的约旦裂谷中。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall...And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly”可知，死海因特殊自然条件（降雨量少且蒸发快）导致盐度极高，因此也被称为 “盐海”。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea.”可知，因高盐度导致无生物存活而得名。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据“many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation…you’ll likely see many people floating in the water”可推断，死海是受欢迎的旅游地。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Diving underwater (水下潜水) is exciting, but it can be dangerous in many ways. So organizations like PADI (国际专业潜水教练协会) offer training courses to make sure divers can enjoy themselves safely underwater. From a young age, Mia DaPonte learned that her mother was a diver. ___16___ But the minimum age (最低年龄) to start diver training is 10. Starting on her 10th birthday, Mia got serious. Mia lives in Rhode Island, where the oceans are cold. ___17___ Mia’s diving teachers were impressed with her energy and drive. “She sets her mind to something and she gets it done,” said one of her diving teachers. Over the next two years, Mia kept at it. She not only practised diving, but also took several other courses where she learned different skills, including first aid and how to find her way underwater. ___18___ In February, Mia and her family travelled to Mexico, where she made her first night dive. Over the next week, Mia did most of the training needed for the last two courses. ___19___ Mia completed three dives in one day, including a deep dive to 17.5 meters underwater. The hardest part was showing she could raise an injured adult diver to the surface and take the steps needed to help him breathe again. Mia says she feels proud to have become a Master Scuba Diver (名仕潜水员). The 12-year-old is now New England’s youngest girl to earn the title. Most divers, even adults, never complete this level of training. ___20___ She’s prepared to take on more training as a diver. In the future, Mia hopes to become a marine biologist (海洋生物学家). She’s quite interested in tagging, tracking and studying sharks! A. But she doesn’t plan to stop there. B. But she didn’t let that stop her. C. Mia also learned about how to recognize different fish. D. She wanted to become a diver as well. E. It is a perfect place to practice diving. F. That training was challenging. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Mia DaPonte受母亲影响，从10岁开始潜水训练，克服罗德岛寒冷海域等困难，在潜水学习中不断进步，12岁成为名仕潜水员。 【16题详解】 根据“her mother was a diver.”以及“the minimum age (最低年龄) to start diver training is 10.”，前文说 Mia从小知道妈妈是潜水员，后文说潜水训练最低年龄是10岁，所以此处应是Mia也想成为潜水员，选项D“她也想成为一名潜水员”符合语境，承接前文对妈妈的描述，引出Mia自己的想法。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据“Rhode Island, where the oceans are cold.”以及“Mia’s diving teachers were impressed with her energy and drive”，前文提到Mia住在罗德岛，那里海洋很冷，按常理可能是潜水的不利条件，但后文说她的潜水老师对她的精力和动力印象深刻，所以此处是说她没被寒冷阻止。选项B“但她没让那（寒冷）阻止自己”符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 根据“different skills, including first aid and how to find her way underwater”可知，前文说她参加其他课程学习不同技能，比如急救、水下找路等，选项C“Mia还学习了如何识别不同的鱼”，“also”承接前文学习的其他技能，继续补充学习内容，符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据“Mia completed three dives in one day, including a deep dive to 17.5 meters underwater. The hardest part was...”可知，后文描述Mia一天完成三次潜水，包括深潜到17.5米，还得完成救助受伤潜水员等困难任务，所以此处是说训练有挑战性。选项F“那种训练很有挑战性”。“that training”指代前文提到的最后两门课程的训练，引出后文对训练难度的描述，符合逻辑。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据“Mia says she feels proud”以及“She’s prepared to take on more training as a diver.”，前文说她成为名仕潜水员很自豪，后文说她准备接受更多潜水训练，所以此处是说她不打算就此停止。选项A“但她不打算在这就停下”，起到承上启下作用，符合语境。故选A。 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, our school organized (组织) an environmental protection activity. The goal was to ___21___ the problem of plastic (塑料) pollution. At first, most students stayed ___22___, unsure how to start. But Lily, a quiet girl from Class 3, ___23___ raise her hand and shared a creative idea. “Let’s make reusable cloth bags in our community,” she said. “If we use ___24___ materials, everyone can join easily.” Her confidence made the class ___25___ listen carefully. Even students who often ___26___ school meetings showed interest this time. Our school ___27___ encouraging creative ideas, so teachers immediately supported Lily’s plan. We divided into groups: some designed posters, while others ___28___ collecting old clothes. Lily reminded everyone to ___29___ separating recyclable items (物品) properly. In the end, we made 200 bags and gave them away to local shops. The headmaster praised our teamwork, and we all ____30____ this achievement. Now all the students in our school no longer use plastic bags, but replace them with recyclable cloth bags. 21. A. find B. discuss C. deal with D. discover 22. A. angrily B. in silence C. lazily D. excitedly 23. A. was afraid to B. dared to C. forgot to D. returned to 24. A. expensive B. special C. inexpensive D. colorful 25. A. pay attention to B. be willing to C. hate to D. try to 26. A. were absent from B. enjoyed C. recorded D. stole 27. A. is known for B. is bad at C. worries about D. is good with 28. A. celebrated B. forgot C. kept D. suggested 29. A. laugh at B. give up C. forget about D. pay attention to 30. A. took pride in B. were bored with C. were strict with D. were sad with 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述学校组织环保活动应对塑料污染问题，三班的莉莉提出制作可重复使用布袋的创意，学生分组行动，最终制作并捐赠布袋，校长表扬团队合作，大家为此自豪。 【21题详解】 句意：目标是处理塑料污染问题。 find找到；discuss讨论；deal with处理，应对；discover发现。根据“an environmental protection activity”以及“the problem of plastic (塑料) pollution”可知，活动是要处理塑料污染问题。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：起初，大多数学生沉默地待着，不确定如何开始。 angrily生气地；in silence沉默地；lazily懒惰地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“unsure how to start”可知学生不知道怎么做，所以保持沉默。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：但来自三班的安静女孩莉莉，敢于举手并分享了一个有创意的想法。 was afraid to害怕；dared to敢于；forgot to忘记；returned to回到。大多数学生保持沉默，而莉莉和其他学生不同，敢于举手表达想法。故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：如果我们使用廉价的材料，每个人都能轻松参与。 expensive昂贵的；special特别的；inexpensive廉价的；colorful彩色的。根据“everyone can join easily”可知，要让大家轻松参与，材料应是便宜的，故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：她的自信让全班同学愿意认真倾听。 pay attention to (doing)注意；be willing to (do)愿意；hate to (do)讨厌；try to (do)试图。根据“Her confidence made the class...listen carefully”可知，莉莉的自信，让大家愿意听她讲话。故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：甚至经常缺席学校会议的学生这次也表现出了兴趣。 were absent from缺席；enjoyed喜欢；recorded记录；stole偷。根据“listen carefully”以及“Even”可知，此处强调平时不参与会议的学生也因为莉莉的自信表现出兴趣。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：我们学校因鼓励有创意的想法而闻名，所以老师们立即支持了莉莉的计划。 is known for因……闻名；is bad at不擅长；worries about担心；is good with善于和……相处。根据“teachers immediately supported Lily’s plan”可知，因为学校鼓励创意所以快速支持了莉莉的计划。故选A。 【28题详解】 句意：我们分成小组：一些人设计海报，而其他人一直在收集旧衣服。 celebrated庆祝；forgot忘记；kept保持，持续；suggested建议。这里说分组行动，一部分人一直做收集旧衣服的事，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”。故选C。 【29题详解】 句意：莉莉提醒每个人要注意正确分类可回收物品。 laugh at嘲笑；give up放弃；forget about忘记；pay attention to注意。根据“separating recyclable items (物品) properly.”可知，此处指莉莉提醒大家注意分类，故选D。 【30题详解】 句意：校长表扬了我们的团队合作，我们都为这一成就感到自豪。 took pride in为……感到自豪；were bored with对……感到厌烦；were strict with对……严格；were sad with对……感到难过。根据“The headmaster praised our teamwork”可知，因校长表扬，大家为成果自豪，故选A。 第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists from China’s Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot “guide dog” to help blind people. The robot is now ___31___ (test) in Shanghai. ___32___ the help of cameras and AI, the robot dog can see, listen and speak with blind people. It can help them during daily trips outside and be a “friend” at home. Blind people can also use a cane (手杖) to control the robot’s walking and ___33___ (run) speed. The robot can even recognize traffic lights (识别信号灯)—real guide dogs ___34___ (able) to do that. The robot dog is about the size of an English bulldog (斗牛犬) but a little wider. It has six legs instead ___35___ four. The extra legs make it more stable (稳定的) and help it move ___36___ (fast). 41-year-old Li Fei and 42-year-old Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot. Li is totally blind and Zhu can only see a little. Zhu often uses a cane to move around. “The robot dog will make it ___37___ (easy) to get into public places than with real guide dogs. I am happy to join in the test. It could change our ___38___ (life) in the near future,” Li said. In China, there are about 17.31 million blind people, but there are only about 400 guide dogs. The new robot is trying to solve this problem. “We believe our robot will act as a pair of ___39___ (eye) for blind people,” said Professor Gao Feng, one of the ____40____ (scientist). He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs. 【答案】31. being tested 32. With 33. running 34. unable 35. of 36. faster 37. easier 38. lives 39. eyes 40. scientists 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了上海交通大学的科学家们正在研发的机器人 “导盲犬”，包括其功能、特点、测试情况，以及研发它的背景和科学家对其的期望。 【31题详解】 句意：这款机器人目前正在上海被测试。robot和test是被动关系，结合“now”可知，此空使用现在进行时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+being+过去分词”。故填being tested。 【32题详解】 句意：在摄像头和人工智能的帮助下，机器狗能看见、听见并和盲人交流。考查介词短语with the help of...“在……的帮助下”，句首首字母大写，故填With。 【33题详解】 句意：盲人也可以用手杖控制机器狗的行走和奔跑速度。and连接并列成分，walking是动名词，所以run也用动名词形式running，作定语修饰speed。故填running。 【34题详解】 句意：机器狗甚至能识别交通信号灯——真正的导盲犬做不到这一点。句子前半部分提到“机器狗甚至能识别交通信号灯”，后半句通过破折号的转折对比，说明“真正的导盲犬做不到这一点”。able的反义词unable“不能的”符合语境，故填unable。 【35题详解】 句意：它有六条腿而不是四条。考查固定短语instead of“代替；而不是”，故填of。 【36题详解】 句意：额外的腿让它更稳定，还能帮助它移动得更快。前文提到比较级“more stable”，and连接并列成分，此处用fast的比较级是faster，表示比之前（四条腿时 ）移动更快。故填faster。 【37题详解】 句意：比起真正的导盲犬，机器狗会让进入公共场所变得更容易。“than”是比较级的标志词，easy的比较级是easier。故填easier。 【38题详解】 句意：它可能在不久的将来改变我们的生活。根据our“我们的”可知，此处不止一个人的生活，所以life要变复数lives。故填lives。 【39题详解】 句意：我们相信我们的机器狗会成为盲人的一双眼睛。a pair of“一双；一对”后接可数名词复数，eye的复数是eyes。故填eyes。 【40题详解】 句意：高峰教授是其中一位科学家，他说“我们相信我们的机器狗会成为盲人的一双眼睛”。one of+可数名词复数“……之一”，scientist的复数是scientists。故填scientists。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，完成短文后的问题。 Traveling by plane can be a bit of a mixed bag. There are plenty of not-so-fun things that come with it. Standing in long lines, being stuck in the middle seat, and having to deal with flight delays (延误) are just some of them. And here’s another common trouble: getting blocked ears, which is also known as “airplane ear”. But why does this happen? Well, it all has to do with changes in air pressure. When a plane takes off and goes higher up in the sky, the air outside our ears gets thinner. Because of this, the air pressure outside drops quickly. But inside our ears, the air is still like it was on the ground. This air is thicker and has a higher pressure. So, there’s a difference in pressure between the air inside and outside our ears. This pressure difference makes the air inside our ears push against our eardrums (耳膜). You know, air always moves from places with high pressure to places with low pressure. When the air inside our ears pushes on the eardrums, it makes our ears feel blocked and uncomfortable. Sometimes, when the air finally gets out, our ears make a “pop” sound. But a lot of people don’t like this feeling. The good news is, there are some easy things we can do to help. Drinking some water, swallowing (吞咽), yawning (打哈欠), or eating hard candies can all be helpful. The air in our ears is in a tube (管子) called the eustachian tube (咽鼓管). This tube connects the middle ear to the back of our nose and throat. When we swallow, it can make the eustachian tube open a little wider. This helps the air inside our ears come out, and then our ears feel better. But these things don’t always work. Sometimes, our ears stay blocked for a long time, and it can even start to hurt. Everyone’s body and ears are a little different, so the simple ways might not solve the problem. If your ears are still blocked a long time after you get off the plane, you should go to see a doctor. That way, you can make sure your ears are okay. 41. What unpleasant things are there when taking a plane? _________________________________________________________________ 42. What does the happening of airplane ear have to do with? _________________________________________________________________ 43. What makes the air in our ears push against our eardrums? _________________________________________________________________ 44. What can we do to deal with “airplane ear”? _________________________________________________________________ 45. When should you see a doctor for “airplane ear”? _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Standing in long lines, being stuck in the middle seat, having to deal with flight delays and getting blocked ears. 42. It all has to do with changes in air pressure. 43. The pressure difference. 44. Drinking some water, swallowing, yawning, or eating hard candies can all be helpful ways to deal with “airplane ear”. 45. If our ears are still blocked a long time after we get off the plane, we should go to see a doctor. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了乘飞机时会遇到的诸如排长队、坐中间座位、航班延误、耳朵闷堵（飞机耳）等不愉快情况，重点阐述飞机耳产生的原因、气压差对耳膜的影响以及应对飞机耳的简单方法。 【41题详解】 根据第一段“Standing in long lines, being stuck in the middle seat, and having to deal with flight delays (延误) are just some of them. And here’s another common trouble: getting blocked ears, which is also known as ‘airplane ear’.”可知，乘飞机时不愉快的事有排长队、被困在中间座位、应对航班延误以及耳朵闷堵。故填Standing in long lines, being stuck in the middle seat, having to deal with flight delays and getting blocked ears. 【42题详解】 依据第二段“Well, it all has to do with changes in air pressure.”可知，飞机耳的发生与气压变化有关。故填It all has to do with changes in air pressure. 【43题详解】 由第三段“This pressure difference makes the air inside our ears push against our eardrums (耳膜).”可知，是耳内外的气压差使得耳内空气挤压耳膜。故填The pressure difference. 【44题详解】 从第四段“Drinking some water, swallowing (吞咽), yawning (打哈欠), or eating hard candies can all be helpful.”能得出应对飞机耳的方法，即喝水、吞咽、打哈欠或者吃硬糖。故填Drinking some water, swallowing, yawning, or eating hard candies can all be helpful ways to deal with “airplane ear”. 【45题详解】 根据最后一段“If your ears are still blocked a long time after you get off the plane, you should go to see a doctor.”可知，若下飞机后耳朵长时间仍闷堵，就应该去看医生。故填If our ears are still blocked a long time after we get off the plane, we should go to see a doctor. 第二节 写作（满分 20 分） 46. 2025年是“体重管理年”实施的第一年，学校发起体重控制健身活动。假设你是李华，请根据以下提示信息和自身经历，以“A Healthier Me in the Weight Management Year”为题，用英语写一段感言，谈一下自己的做法和感受，在学校公众号上发表，呼吁同学们参与到这个活动中来。提示信息： 以前 现在 饮食方面 吃太多肉，垃圾食品，喝很多饮料 均衡饮食 运动方面 几乎不运动 每天跑步，打篮球 感受方面 太胖，跑不动 瘦身5千克，精力充沛 要求： 1.包含所给要点，可适当发挥； 2.不要出现真实校名和姓名； 3.不少于80词，已经给出的部分不计入总词数。 A Healthier Me in the Weight Management Year Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. This “Weight Management Year” truly changed my life. I’m really excited to share my experience with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: A Healthier Me in the Weight Management Year Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. This “Weight Management Year” truly changed my life. I’m really excited to share my experience with you. In the past, I used to have some bad eating habits. I ate too much meat and junk food, and drank lots of sugary drinks. As for exercise, I hardly ever did any. Because of these, I was very fat and even had trouble running. However, things have changed a lot during this special year. Now, I keep a balanced diet. I eat plenty of vegetables and fruits every day. Also, I’ve fallen in love with sports. I run and play basketball every day. These changes have brought great results. I’ve lost five kilograms and become much healthier and stronger. I’m full of energy every day. Dear classmates, it’s never too late to start. Let’s join this activity together and become healthier! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点明背景，随着“体重管理年”的推进，我受益颇多，并乐于分享自己的经历。 第二步，从“饮食、运动和感受”三方面，详细讲述自己运动以前和现在的变化对比； 第三步，发出呼吁，提倡大家采取行动，为健康努力。 [亮点词汇] ①used to do sth.过去常常做某事 ②have trouble (in) doing sth.有困难做某事 ③fall in love爱上 [高分句型] Let’s join this activity together and become healthier!（祈使句的肯定结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$