内容正文:
Starter Units 1-3核心语法精练
(不定冠词,a, an 的用法,名词所有格,指示代词this, that, these, those的用法,方位词in, on, under的用法,数词)
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
B 考点夯基·专项突破 2
一、用a,an the 填空 2
二、写出下面短语 3
四、单项选择 4
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8
题型一 语法选择 8
题型二 语法填空 10
重点:不定冠词a/an
用在单数名词前,表示数量“一”的概念a:用于以 辅音 音素开头的单词前 如:一个男孩 a boy 一只小狗 a dog
an:用于以 元音 音素开头的单词前 如:一个苹果 an apple 一个鸡蛋 an egg
注意:看发音,而不是看字母,元音字母不等同于元音音素
特殊情况:a useful book(u发/ju:/音) 一本有用的书
a university (u发/ju:/音) 一所大学
an hour(h不发音) 一个小时
【定冠词the】
►What color is the key? 那把钥匙是什么颜色的?重要提示:表示颜色的形容词前面不用冠词,但是当表颜色的形容词后有名词时,可以用冠词
eg. It’s red.它是红色的。
It’s a red book.它是一本红色的书。
►I like the moon. 我喜欢月亮。
►The book is red. 这本书是红色的。
►the Great Wall 长城
【零冠词“/”或不填】
►I come from China.我来自中国
►in summer在夏季 in July在七月 on Monday在星期一
►have dinner 吃晚餐 play basketball 打篮球 play chess 下象棋 in English 用英语
►this dress 这件连衣裙 my sister 我妹妹 his schoolbag 他的书包
重点:名词所有格
“人名+’s”是一种名词所有格形式,表示“某人的”。通常用在__名__词前作定语,或用在系动词(如be动词)后作表语。
This is Kangkang’s cup. 这是康康的杯子。
These books are John’s. 这些书是约翰的。
【拓展延伸】
(一)’s所有格形式:用于有生命的名词
1. 不以s结尾的名词词尾加’ s 如:Mike’s sister 迈克的姐姐
2. 以s结尾的名词词尾,在s的右上方加’ 如:the students’ book 学生们的书
3. 表示几个人共同拥有一件东西,在最后一个名词词尾加’s; 如:Mary and Lucy’s book
若表示各自分别拥有,则每个名词的词尾都要加’s 如:Mary’s and Lucy’s books
4. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等,可以在词尾加’s 如:today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
(二)of所有格形式:用于无生命的名词
结构:名词 + of + 名词
如:a map of China 一张中国地图 a photo of family 一张家庭照片
重点:方位介词
介词
含义
用法
on
在……上
一个物体在另一个物体的表面上,且两者之间有接触
in
在……里
一个物体在另一个物体或某一空间的内部
under
在……下
一个物体在另一个物体的下方,两者之间可以有接触,也可以没有
重点:指示代词
指示代词后面所接的谓语:this / that后面接谓语单数形式;these/ those 后面接谓语复数形式。
如:This / That is a chair. 这/ 那是一张椅子。
These / Those are chairs. 这些/ 那些是椅子。
(2)指示代词在意义上有远近的差别: this 和 these 指空间上较近的事物;that 和 those 指空间上较远的事物。
如:This is my book.这是我的书。(强调近处的书)
Those are birds. 那些是鸟。(强调远处的鸟)
(3)this, that用于疑问句时,回答要用 it 作主语;
如:—What’s this/that? 这/那是什么?询问远处的物品
询问身边的物品
—It’s an apple. 这/那是一个苹果。回答时,用it代替前面的this/that
these/those用于疑问句时,回答要用 they 作主语。
如:—What are these/those? 这些/那些是什么?
—They’re books. 这些/那些是书。 They’re = __They are___
回答时,用they代替前面的these/those
重点:数词
基数词用于表示数目的多少。1—15基数词的表达:(完成下列表格)
1
2
3
4
5
one
two
three
four
five
6
7
8
9
10
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
11
12
13
14
15
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
【拓展延伸】基数词的构成:
(1)1~12 (1~12是独立的单数,有各自的形式)
one、two、three、four、five、six、seven、eight、nine、ten、eleven、twelve
(2)13~19 (除13、15、18为特殊形式之外,其余都由个位数形式后加teen后缀构成)
thirteen、fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、seventeen、eighteen、nineteen
(3)20~99
➩表示整几十时,除20、30、40、50、80为特殊形式外,其余都由个位数形式加ty后缀构成
twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、sixty、seventy、eighty、ninety
➩表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词之间必须有连字符“—”
21 twenty—one 52 fifty—two 77 seventy—seven
(4)整百数由1—9的基数词加hundred构成。
100 one (a) hundred 500 five hundred
(5)整百数和整十数之间由and连接,十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”。如果十位数为零,那就在百位和个位之间用and连接。
102 one hundred and two 245 two hundred and forty- five
(6)千 thousand 百万 million 十亿 billion
表示确切的百、千、百万时,不能用其复数形式; ( 400 four hundred,hundred不加s)
表示成百、成千时,用其复数形式,并且后加of; ( 成百 hundreds of; 成千 thousands of )
16
17
18
19
20
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty
21
30
40
50
60
twenty-one
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
70
80
90
100
200
seventy
eighty
ninety
one hundred
two hundred
一、用 a, an, the或/填空
1. cap is mine. It is green cap.
2. It is eraser. eraser is black.
3. — What's this? — It's A.
4. —What's this in English? — It's English book.
5. It's red. It's red eraser.
6. schoolbag is blue.
7. I have big apple.
8. It's orange orange. orange is in the box.
9. There is “m” in the word “morning”.
10. This is new book and that is old one.
二、写出下面短语
1.在桌子上 ___________________
2.在抽屉里___________________
3.树上的一个苹果 ___________________
4.树上的一只鸟___________________
5.在树下 ___________________
6.在阳光下___________________
7.迈克的姐姐___________________
8.Lily和Lucy合住的房间___________________
9.Lily和Lucy各自的书籍。___________________
11.中国地图___________________
12. 十二只绵羊___________________
13.那个农场___________________
14. 这些书___________________
三、单项选择
1. This is ________ orange cat.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
2. —What’s this ________ English?
—It’s a pencil.
A. in B. to C. at D. on
3. Fifteen apples are in the box, ________ for boys and six for girls.
A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine
4. Cars, buses and bikes ________ stop when the traffic light is red.
A. can B. must C. may D. need
5. There is ________ eraser under the book. ________ eraser is yellow.
A. a; An B. an; The C. the; An D. an; A
6. —Dale, I can’t find my basketball.
—Oh, it’s _________ the table.
A. in B. on C. at D. under
7. —Where is your cap?
—Oh, it’s ________ my head.
A. behind B. under C. of D. on
8. It’s ________ fun to watch the football match.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
9. —Are you thirsty?
—Yes, please give us ________.
A. three bottles water B. three bottle of water C. three bottles of water D. three bottles of waters
10. —Dad, where are my tapes?
—They are ________ the box ________ your bed.
A. at; on B. in; under C. in; at D. under; in
11. —Mom, I can’t find our cat, Mimi.
—Look! It’s ________ your bed.
A. under B. from C. at D. to
12. There is __________ “m”, __________ “a” and __________ “p” in the word “map”.
A. a; an; an B. an; an; a C. a; an; a D. an; an; an
13. That is ________ English map. ________ map is ________ blue.
A. an; A; a B. an; The; a C. a; The; / D. an; The; /
14. I have ________ pencils. Eight are yellow and four are brown.
A. ten B. eleven C. twelve D. thirteen
15. —What are those?
—___________ are our books.
A. Those B. They C. This
16. This is a ruler. What is ________ over there?
A. that B. these C. this D. those
17. Because of the cold weather, the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than ________ in Guangdong.
A. it B. one C. that D. those
18. Some problems of living in the sea are similar to of living in outer space.
A. those B. this C. these D. that
19. —Matt, how old is your father this year?
—________. And we just had a party for his ________ birthday yesterday.
A. Forty; fortieth B. Fortieth; fortieth C. Forty; forty
20. This is ________ computer.
A. Ann’s and Tom B. Ann and Tom’s C. Ann and Tom D. Ann’s and Tom’s
21. —What are ______ over there (那里)?
—______ are her computers.
A. these, These B. those, They C. they, These D. those, Those
22. —What’s six and three?
—________.
A. Five B. Seven C. Eight D. Nine
23. ________ girls are her friends.
A. They B. That C. This D. These
24. There are ________ hours in a day.
A. twelve B. thirteen C. fourteen D. twenty-four
25. This is ________ map and that is ________ orange.
A. a; an B. an; a C. a; the D. an; the
语法选择
Sally is my little cousin. She is 1 8-year-old girl. She likes animals very much. She 2 they are people’s friends. Of all the animals, pandas are her favourite. She goes to the zoo to see them every month. One Sunday afternoon, Sally goes to the zoo 3 her parents by bus. After they get there, she runs to the pandas’ house 4 . There are two pandas at the zoo. Their 5 are Tuantuan and Yuanyuan. She is happy to see them every time. 6 Sally gets to the pandas’ house, she finds that there are many people talking in front of the house. And it’s a little noisy (吵闹的). “What’s wrong with the pandas?” Sally asks, “Oh! I need 7 them right now.”
Later, Sally is very 8 to see Tuantuan and Yuanyuan in the house. And she also finds another panda in 9 . They are playing with a ball. “Who is he?” she asks. “He’s Xixi. He comes from another zoo,” an old woman says, “Next year you may see a small panda here.” “ 10 great thing! I like that,” Sally says happily.
1. A. a B. an C. the
2. A. think B. thinks C. is thinking
3. A. on B. for C. with
4. A. quick B. quicker C. quickly
5. A. name B. names C. name’s
6. A. So B. When C. Because
7. A. see B. sees C. to see
8. A. happy B. happily C. happiness
9. A. it B. its C. it’s
10. A. How B. What C. What a
语法填空
Little Mary’s grandparents have a farm. On the farm there 1 (be) many kinds of animals, such as cows, dogs and cats. She often plays with them 2 her free time because they can 3 (make) her happy. On the farm there is also a little elephant. 4 elephant has no mother. Mary likes 5 (talk) with it and the elephant is 6 (friend) to her. When it sees Mary on the farm, it runs up 7 (happy) to her. Sometimes it follows her into the wood. There Mary sits on the ground 8 reads a book. The little elephant stands by Mary. Her grandfather often asks her, “ 9 does the elephant like you so much?” “Oh, because I love it. Grandpa.” Mary answers. Animals are our friends. We should love 10 .
1 / 12
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Starter Units 1-3核心语法精练
(不定冠词,a, an 的用法,名词所有格,指示代词this, that, these, those的用法,方位词in, on, under的用法,数词)
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
B 考点夯基·专项突破 2
一、用a,an the 填空 2
二、写出下面短语 3
四、单项选择 4
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8
题型一 语法选择 8
题型二 语法填空 10
重点:不定冠词a/an
用在单数名词前,表示数量“一”的概念a:用于以 辅音 音素开头的单词前 如:一个男孩 a boy 一只小狗 a dog
an:用于以 元音 音素开头的单词前 如:一个苹果 an apple 一个鸡蛋 an egg
注意:看发音,而不是看字母,元音字母不等同于元音音素
特殊情况:a useful book(u发/ju:/音) 一本有用的书
a university (u发/ju:/音) 一所大学
an hour(h不发音) 一个小时
【定冠词the】
►What color is the key? 那把钥匙是什么颜色的?重要提示:表示颜色的形容词前面不用冠词,但是当表颜色的形容词后有名词时,可以用冠词
eg. It’s red.它是红色的。
It’s a red book.它是一本红色的书。
►I like the moon. 我喜欢月亮。
►The book is red. 这本书是红色的。
►the Great Wall 长城
【零冠词“/”或不填】
►I come from China.我来自中国
►in summer在夏季 in July在七月 on Monday在星期一
►have dinner 吃晚餐 play basketball 打篮球 play chess 下象棋 in English 用英语
►this dress 这件连衣裙 my sister 我妹妹 his schoolbag 他的书包
重点:名词所有格
“人名+’s”是一种名词所有格形式,表示“某人的”。通常用在__名__词前作定语,或用在系动词(如be动词)后作表语。
This is Kangkang’s cup. 这是康康的杯子。
These books are John’s. 这些书是约翰的。
【拓展延伸】
(一)’s所有格形式:用于有生命的名词
1. 不以s结尾的名词词尾加’ s 如:Mike’s sister 迈克的姐姐
2. 以s结尾的名词词尾,在s的右上方加’ 如:the students’ book 学生们的书
3. 表示几个人共同拥有一件东西,在最后一个名词词尾加’s; 如:Mary and Lucy’s book
若表示各自分别拥有,则每个名词的词尾都要加’s 如:Mary’s and Lucy’s books
4. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等,可以在词尾加’s 如:today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
(二)of所有格形式:用于无生命的名词
结构:名词 + of + 名词
如:a map of China 一张中国地图 a photo of family 一张家庭照片
重点:方位介词
介词
含义
用法
on
在……上
一个物体在另一个物体的表面上,且两者之间有接触
in
在……里
一个物体在另一个物体或某一空间的内部
under
在……下
一个物体在另一个物体的下方,两者之间可以有接触,也可以没有
重点:指示代词
指示代词后面所接的谓语:this / that后面接谓语单数形式;these/ those 后面接谓语复数形式。
如:This / That is a chair. 这/ 那是一张椅子。
These / Those are chairs. 这些/ 那些是椅子。
(2)指示代词在意义上有远近的差别: this 和 these 指空间上较近的事物;that 和 those 指空间上较远的事物。
如:This is my book.这是我的书。(强调近处的书)
Those are birds. 那些是鸟。(强调远处的鸟)
(3)this, that用于疑问句时,回答要用 it 作主语;
如:—What’s this/that? 这/那是什么?询问远处的物品
询问身边的物品
—It’s an apple. 这/那是一个苹果。回答时,用it代替前面的this/that
these/those用于疑问句时,回答要用 they 作主语。
如:—What are these/those? 这些/那些是什么?
—They’re books. 这些/那些是书。 They’re = __They are___
回答时,用they代替前面的these/those
重点:数词
基数词用于表示数目的多少。1—15基数词的表达:(完成下列表格)
1
2
3
4
5
one
two
three
four
five
6
7
8
9
10
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
11
12
13
14
15
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
【拓展延伸】基数词的构成:
(1)1~12 (1~12是独立的单数,有各自的形式)
one、two、three、four、five、six、seven、eight、nine、ten、eleven、twelve
(2)13~19 (除13、15、18为特殊形式之外,其余都由个位数形式后加teen后缀构成)
thirteen、fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、seventeen、eighteen、nineteen
(3)20~99
➩表示整几十时,除20、30、40、50、80为特殊形式外,其余都由个位数形式加ty后缀构成
twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、sixty、seventy、eighty、ninety
➩表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词之间必须有连字符“—”
21 twenty—one 52 fifty—two 77 seventy—seven
(4)整百数由1—9的基数词加hundred构成。
100 one (a) hundred 500 five hundred
(5)整百数和整十数之间由and连接,十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”。如果十位数为零,那就在百位和个位之间用and连接。
102 one hundred and two 245 two hundred and forty- five
(6)千 thousand 百万 million 十亿 billion
表示确切的百、千、百万时,不能用其复数形式; ( 400 four hundred,hundred不加s)
表示成百、成千时,用其复数形式,并且后加of; ( 成百 hundreds of; 成千 thousands of )
16
17
18
19
20
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty
21
30
40
50
60
twenty-one
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
70
80
90
100
200
seventy
eighty
ninety
one hundred
two hundred
一、用 a, an, the或/填空
1. cap is mine. It is green cap.
2. It is eraser. eraser is black.
3. — What's this? — It's A.
4. —What's this in English? — It's English book.
5. It's red. It's red eraser.
6. schoolbag is blue.
7. I have big apple.
8. It's orange orange. orange is in the box.
9. There is “m” in the word “morning”.
10. This is new book and that is old one.
【答案】1.the a 2.an The 3.an 4.an 5./ a 6.The 7.a 8.an The 9.an 10.a an
二、写出下面短语
1.在桌子上 ___________________
2.在抽屉里___________________
3.树上的一个苹果 ___________________
4.树上的一只鸟___________________
5.在树下 ___________________
6.在阳光下___________________
7.迈克的姐姐___________________
8.Lily和Lucy合住的房间___________________
9.Lily和Lucy各自的书籍。___________________
11.中国地图___________________
12. 十二只绵羊___________________
13.那个农场___________________
14. 这些书___________________
【答案】1.on the desk 2.in the desk 3.an apple on the tree 4.a bird in the tree 5.under the tree 6.in the Sun
7. Mike’s sister 8.Lily and Lucy’s room 9.Lily ‘s and Lucy’s books 10.a map of China 11.12 sheep 13.that farm
14.these books
三、单项选择
1. This is ________ orange cat.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这是一只橙色的猫。
考查冠词。a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指;\零冠词。根据“orange cat”可知,此处是泛指一只橙色的猫,且orange是元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an修饰。故选B。
2. —What’s this ________ English?
—It’s a pencil.
A. in B. to C. at D. on
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——这个用英语怎么说? ——它是一支铅笔。
考查介词辨析。in用……语言;to到;at在;on在……上面。根据空后“English”可知,此处考查in English“用英语说”,固定搭配。故选A。
3. Fifteen apples are in the box, ________ for boys and six for girls.
A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine
【答案】D
【解析】句意:盒子里有十五个苹果,九个给男孩,六个给女孩。
考查数词。six六个; seven七个; eight八个;nine九个。根据“Fifteen apples are in the box…for boys and six for girls.”可知,盒子里有十五个苹果,六个给女孩,男孩就应该被给九个。故选D。
4. Cars, buses and bikes ________ stop when the traffic light is red.
A. can B. must C. may D. need
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当交通灯是红色时,小汽车、公共汽车和自行车必须停下来。
考查情态动词。can可能;must一定,必须;may可以;need需要。 根据空格后“when the traffic light is red.”可知,当交通灯是红色的时候,小汽车, 公共汽车和自行车必须停下来。故选B。
5. There is ________ eraser under the book. ________ eraser is yellow.
A. a; An B. an; The C. the; An D. an; A
【答案】B
【解析】句意:书下面有一个橡皮擦。橡皮擦是黄色的。
考查冠词。a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。空一处是泛指一个橡皮擦,且eraser是元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an;第二空特指前文提到的那个橡皮擦,用定冠词the。故选B。
6. —Dale, I can’t find my basketball.
—Oh, it’s _________ the table.
A. in B. on C. at D. under
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——Dale,我找不到我的篮球。——噢,它在桌子下面。
考查介词辨析。in在里面;on在上面;at在;under在……下面。根据图片可知,篮球在桌子下面。故选D。
7. —Where is your cap?
—Oh, it’s ________ my head.
A. behind B. under C. of D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你的帽子在哪里?——哦,它在我的头上。
考查介词词义辨析。behind在……后面;under在……下面;of……的;on在……上面。根据常识可知,帽子应该在头上。故选D。
8. It’s ________ fun to watch the football match.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:看足球比赛很有趣。
考查冠词。此处表示泛指,且fun是不可数名词,故此处不加冠词。故选D。
9. —Are you thirsty?
—Yes, please give us ________.
A. three bottles water B. three bottle of water C. three bottles of water D. three bottles of waters
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你口渴吗?——是的,请给我三瓶水。
考查不可数名词的数的表达。water是不可数名词,不能变复数,排除D;bottle是可数名词,three后加复数,排除B;表示“三瓶水”用three bottles of water。故选C。
10. —Dad, where are my tapes?
—They are ________ the box ________ your bed.
A. at; on B. in; under C. in; at D. under; in
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——爸爸,我的磁带在哪里?——它们在你床下的盒子里。
考查介词辨析。at在;on在上面;in在里面;under在下面。根据“the box...your bed”以及语境可知应是在床下的盒子里,空一用介词in,空二用介词under。故选B。
11. —Mom, I can’t find our cat, Mimi.
—Look! It’s ________ your bed.
A. under B. from C. at D. to
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——妈妈,我找不到我们的猫咪咪了。——看!它在你的床下。
考查介词辨析。under在……下面;from从;at在;to到。根据题干“It’s…your bed”,可知后面三项不合语境;under the bed表示“在床下”,符合语境,故选A。
12. There is __________ “m”, __________ “a” and __________ “p” in the word “map”.
A. a; an; an B. an; an; a C. a; an; a D. an; an; an
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在单词map里,有一个字母m,一个字母a和一个字母p。
考查冠词。an/a是不定冠词,都表示数量“一”。an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。句意是说:在单词map里,有一个字母m,一个字母a和一个p。可知句子里说的“一个”表示的都是泛指。因为字母m/em/和a/ei/都是以元音音素开头,所以,表达一个“m”时,就得用an “m”;表达一个“a”时,就得用an“a”。而字母p/pi:/是以辅音音素开头。所以,表达一个“p”时,就得用a。故选B。
13. That is ________ English map. ________ map is ________ blue.
A. an; A; a B. an; The; a C. a; The; / D. an; The; /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:那是一张英国地图。那张地图是蓝色的。
考查冠词的用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词之前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词之前;the表特指。第一个空的English map是泛指的一张英国地图,应该使用不定冠词,并且English是以元音音素开头的单词,用an;第二个空的map是特指之前出现的English map,使用定冠词the;第三个空颜色之前应该使用零冠词。故选D。
14. I have ________ pencils. Eight are yellow and four are brown.
A. ten B. eleven C. twelve D. thirteen
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我有十二支铅笔。八个是黄色的,四个是棕色的。
考查基数词。ten十;eleven十一;twelve十二;thirteen十三。根据“Eight are yellow and four are brown.”可知,八加四等于十二。故选C。
15. —What are those?
—___________ are our books.
A. Those B. They C. This
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——那些是什么?——它们是我们的书。
考查代词辨析。those那些;they它们; this这个。问句中有those,答语用they,故选B。
16. This is a ruler. What is ________ over there?
A. that B. these C. this D. those
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这是一把尺子。那边的是什么?
考查代词辨析。that那个,远指;these这些,近指;this这个,近指;those那些,远指。根据“over there”可知应用表示远指的指示代词that或those,排除B和C;谓语动词为is,说明主语表示单数,用that,不用those。故选A。
17. Because of the cold weather, the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than ________ in Guangdong.
A. it B. one C. that D. those
【答案】D
【解析】句意:由于寒冷的天气,黑龙江的学生的寒假比广东学生的要长。
考查代词辨析。it指代同名同物,为单数形式;one指代同名异物,表泛指,为单数形式;that指代同名异物,表特指,为单数形式;those是that的复数形式。根据“the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than...in Guangdong.”可知,此处指黑龙江的学生的寒假比广东学生的假期要长,指代复数名词“the students”应用those。故选D。
18. Some problems of living in the sea are similar to of living in outer space.
A. those B. this C. these D. that
【答案】A
【解析】句意:生活在海洋中的一些问题与生活在外太空中的问题相似。
考查指示代词。those那些;this这个;these这些;that那个。根据“Some problems of living in the sea are similar to…of living in outer space.”可知,生活在两种环境下的“问题”很相似,此处用代词those指代复数名词problems,表示“在外太空的那些问题”。故选A。
19. —Matt, how old is your father this year?
—________. And we just had a party for his ________ birthday yesterday.
A. Forty; fortieth B. Fortieth; fortieth C. Forty; forty
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——马特,你爸爸今年多大了?——四十岁。昨天我们刚刚为他的四十岁生日举办了一个派对。
考查数词。forty四十,基数词;fortieth第四十,序数词。第一空是回答“年龄”,应用基数词;第二空修饰名词birthday,表示“多少岁生日”,用序数词,故选A。
20. This is ________ computer.
A. Ann’s and Tom B. Ann and Tom’s C. Ann and Tom D. Ann’s and Tom’s
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这是安和汤姆的电脑。
考查名词所有格。根据“This is”及“computer”可知,这里只有一台电脑,应该是两个人共有的,所以应该用:A and B’s。故选B。
21. —What are ______ over there (那里)?
—______ are her computers.
A. these, These B. those, They C. they, These D. those, Those
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——那边的那些是什么?——那些是她的电脑。
考场代词辨析。these这些;those那些;they它们。根据“over there”可知,远指用those;答语中用人称代词they代替those。故选B。
22. —What’s six and three?
—________.
A. Five B. Seven C. Eight D. Nine
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——六加三等于几?——九。
考查数词辨析。Five五;Seven七;Eight八;Nine九。根据“What’s six and three”可知结果是九。故选D。
23. ________ girls are her friends.
A. They B. That C. This D. These
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这些女孩是她的朋友。
考查代词辨析。They他(她、它)们,人称代词主格;That那,单数指示代词;This这,单数指示代词;These这些,复数指示代词。根据“girls”可知,这里用these作定语。故选D。
24. There are ________ hours in a day.
A. twelve B. thirteen C. fourteen D. twenty-four
【答案】D
【解析】句意:一天有二十四小时。
考查基数词表达。twelve十二;thirteen十三;fourteen十四;twenty-four二十四。根据常识可知,一天有二十四小时。故选D。
25. This is ________ map and that is ________ orange.
A. a; an B. an; a C. a; the D. an; the
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这是一张地图,那是一个橘子。
考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the定冠词,表特指。map是辅音音素开头,使用a,表泛指;orange是元音音素开头,使用an,表泛指,“一个橙子”。故选A。
语法选择
Sally is my little cousin. She is 1 8-year-old girl. She likes animals very much. She 2 they are people’s friends. Of all the animals, pandas are her favourite. She goes to the zoo to see them every month. One Sunday afternoon, Sally goes to the zoo 3 her parents by bus. After they get there, she runs to the pandas’ house 4 . There are two pandas at the zoo. Their 5 are Tuantuan and Yuanyuan. She is happy to see them every time. 6 Sally gets to the pandas’ house, she finds that there are many people talking in front of the house. And it’s a little noisy (吵闹的). “What’s wrong with the pandas?” Sally asks, “Oh! I need 7 them right now.”
Later, Sally is very 8 to see Tuantuan and Yuanyuan in the house. And she also finds another panda in 9 . They are playing with a ball. “Who is he?” she asks. “He’s Xixi. He comes from another zoo,” an old woman says, “Next year you may see a small panda here.” “ 10 great thing! I like that,” Sally says happily.
1. A. a B. an C. the
2. A. think B. thinks C. is thinking
3. A. on B. for C. with
4. A. quick B. quicker C. quickly
5. A. name B. names C. name’s
6. A. So B. When C. Because
7. A. see B. sees C. to see
8. A. happy B. happily C. happiness
9. A. it B. its C. it’s
10. A. How B. What C. What a
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了Sally非常喜欢熊猫,星期天下午她和父母一起去动物园看熊猫。
1. 句意:她是一个八岁的女孩。
a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。根据“8-year-old girl”可知这里是泛指,eight(8)以元音音素开头,应用an。故选B。
2. 句意:她认为它们是人类的好朋友。
think认为,动词原形;thinks动词第三人称单数形式;is thinking现在进行时。根据语境可知,此句应用一般现在时,主语“She”为第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式。故选B。
3. 句意:一个星期天的下午,Sally和她的父母乘公共汽车去动物园。
on在……上面;for为了;with和……一起。go sw. with sb.“和某人一起去某地”。故选C。
4. 句意:他们到达那里后,她迅速跑到熊猫的房子。
quick快速的,形容词;quicker更快的,形容词的比较级;quickly快速地,副词。根据“she runs to the pandas’ house...”可知,此处应用副词修饰动词“runs”,意为“快速地跑”。故选C。
5. 句意:它们的名字是团团和圆圆。
name名字,单数可数名词;names复数可数名词;name’s名字的,单数名词的所有格形式。“their”后接复数名词。故选B。
6. 句意:当Sally到达熊猫的房子,她发现有很多人在房子前面说话。
So所以;When当……时;Because因为。分析“...Sally gets to the pandas house, and she finds that there are many people talking in front of the house.”可知,“到达房子”和“发现很多人在说话”几乎同时发生,应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
7. 句意:我现在就要见它们。
see看见,动词原形;sees动词第三人称单数形式;to see动词不定式。need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故选C。
8. 句意:后来,Sally很高兴看到团团和圆圆在房子里。
happy快乐的,形容词;happily快乐地,副词;happiness幸福,名词。根据“Sally is very...to see Tuantuan and Yuanyuan in the house.”可知,“is”后接形容词作表语,说明主语的状态。故选A。
9. 句意:她还在里面发现了另一只熊猫。
it它;its它的;it’s它是。根据“Sally is very...to see Tuantuan and Yuanyuan in the house. And she also finds another panda in...”可知,此处指她在房子里发现另一只熊猫,应用“it”指代“house”。故选A。
10. 句意:多棒的一件事啊!
How修饰形容词或副词;What修饰不可数名词或复数名词;What a修饰单数可数名词。中心词“thing”是单数可数名词,此空应填what a。故选C。
语法填空
Little Mary’s grandparents have a farm. On the farm there 1 (be) many kinds of animals, such as cows, dogs and cats. She often plays with them 2 her free time because they can 3 (make) her happy. On the farm there is also a little elephant. 4 elephant has no mother. Mary likes 5 (talk) with it and the elephant is 6 (friend) to her. When it sees Mary on the farm, it runs up 7 (happy) to her. Sometimes it follows her into the wood. There Mary sits on the ground 8 reads a book. The little elephant stands by Mary. Her grandfather often asks her, “ 9 does the elephant like you so much?” “Oh, because I love it. Grandpa.” Mary answers. Animals are our friends. We should love 10 .
【答案】1. are 2. in 3. make 4. The 5. talking 6. friendly 7. happily 8. and 9. Why 10. them
【解析】本文主要介绍了玛丽的爷爷奶奶有一个农场,农场里有许多动物,玛丽和它们相处得非常友好。
1. 句意:农场里有很多种动物,如牛、狗和猫。由上文中的动词have可知,本句为一般现在时,主语many kinds of animals为复数,故此处应用be动词are。故填are。
2. 句意:她经常在空闲时间和它们一起玩,因为它们能使她快乐。分析句意及句子结构可知,此处缺少介词in,in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间里。故填in。
3. 句意:她经常在空闲时间和它们一起玩,因为它们能使她快乐。句中can 为情态动词,其后应接动词的原形。故填make。
4. 句意:小象没有妈妈。此处应用定冠词the,特指上文提到的“a little elephant”。故填The。
5. 句意:玛丽喜欢和它说话,大象对她很友好。like doing sth喜欢做某事,故此处应用所给动词的动名词形式。故填talking。
6. 句意:玛丽喜欢和它说话,大象对她很友好。此处应用所给单词的形容词形式friendly“友好的”,be friendly to sb对某人友好。故填friendly。
7. 句意:当它看到玛丽在农场时,它高兴地跑向她。此处应用所给单词的副词形式happily“开心地”,修饰动词run。故填happily。
8. 句意:玛丽坐在地上读着书。上文“玛丽坐在地上”和下文“读书”之间是并列关系,应用and连接。故填and。
9. 句意:大象为什么那么喜欢你?由下文“Oh, because I love it”可知,此处是爷爷问玛丽为什么大象这么喜欢玛丽,对原因提问应用why。故填Why。
10. 句意:我们应该爱它们。由上文“Animals are our friends”可知,本句动词love后应用人称代词宾格them代指上文提到的“Animals”。故填them
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