Unit 5 Education（重难词汇精练）英语北师大版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 5 Education重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 3 题型三、一词多用 3 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 6 题型一、词性转换 1．_________ n．重要性；意义→_________ adj.重要的→_________ adv.重大地，显著地 2．_________ vt.促进，增进→_________ adj.晋升的→_________ n．晋升 3．_________ adj.一贯的，一致的→_________ n．一致性，连贯性 4．_________ n．同情，同情心→_________ adj. 同情的，有同情心的 5．_________ vt.分析，剖析→_________ n．分析 6．_________ n．哲学家→_________ n. 思想体系；哲学 7．_________ n．教育工作者→_________ vt.教育；指导→_________n．教育；教导，指导 8．_________ vi.坚称；坚持主张→_________ n．坚称；坚持主张 9．_________ vt.评估，评价→_________ n．评估，评价 10．_________ n．限制，规定，约束→_________ vt.约束，限制 11．_________ adj.难以忍受的→_________ adj.可以忍受的→_________ vt.承受，忍受 12．_________ n．倾向→_________ vi.倾向；趋于 vt.照顾；照料 13．_________ vi.理解；相联系→_________ adj.有关系的；有关联的→_________ n．关系 14．_________ n．兴奋，激动→_________ v．使兴奋→_________ adj.感到兴奋的→_________ adj.令人兴奋的 15. _________ n．模仿，仿效→_________ v．模仿，仿效 16．_________ adj.逐渐的，逐步的→_________ adv.逐渐地，逐步地 17．_________ adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→_________ n．疼痛→_________ adv.令人痛苦地；困难地；疼痛地 18．_________ adj.热心的，热衷的→_________ n．热心；热情 19．_________ vi.&vt.(使) 扩大；增加→_________ n．扩张；扩展；扩大 20．_________ vt.使困惑，使迷惑→_________ adj.迷惑不解的→_________ adj.令人迷惑的 21．_________ adj.失望的，沮丧的→_________ n．失望→_________ _ adj.令人失望的→_________ vt.使失望 22．_________ vi.&vt.奉献，捐献→_________ n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 23．_________ n．金融；财政→_________ adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→_________ adv.财政地；金融地 24．_________ vt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→_________ n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露 25．_________ adj.四周的，附近的→_________ n．环境；周围的事物 →_________ v．包围；环绕 26．_________ n．判断力；意见，评价；判决→_________ v．评价；判决 27．_________ vi.表现→_________ n．行为；举止 28．_________ n．结论→_________ v．断定；推断出；得出结论；使结束；终止 29．_________ n．责任→_________adj.负责的；有责任的 30．_________ n．优先处理的事；优先权→_________ adj.先前的；较早的；优先的 31．_________ v．刺激，促使，促进→_________ n．刺激，激励 32．_________ vt.展示；说明→_________ n．演示，示范，证明 33．_________ n．分析→_________ v．分析，解析 34．_________ vt.赞成；赞许；批准→_________n．赞成；批准 35．__________vt.强烈要求；敦促→_________ adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→_________ n．紧迫，迫切 36．_________ n．假定，假设→_________ v．假定；假设；认为 37．_________vt.放弃；抛弃→_________ adj.被遗弃的；放纵的 38．_________ adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的→_________ n. 尊敬，敬重 vt. 尊敬，敬佩 39．_________adj.有利的，有帮助的→_________n．利益；好处 v．使受益 40．_________vt.排列，布置→__________ n．布置；整理；安排；筹备 41．_________ adj. 批评的，批判的→_________ vi.&vt.批评；指责；评价→_________ n．批评；指责；评论→_________ n．批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人 题型二、核心短语 1. be eager to do sth ___________ 2. be enthusiastic about ___________ 3. be used to doing ___________ 4. come to one’s defence ___________ 5. go against ___________ 6. have a tendency to do sth ___________ 7. hold up ___________ 8. in a flash ___________ 9. 最后 ___________ 10. 继续做某事 ___________ 11. 开放，开启 ___________ 12. 不管；不顾 ___________ 13. 理解；有关 ___________ 14. 搂住某人 ___________ 15. 首先，作为开始 ___________ 16. 努力改善 (或完成) ___________ 题型三、一词多用 promote 1. The government has launched a series of policies to _______the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. 2. His outstanding performance in the project helped him get _______to department manager within a year. 3. The new advertisement is expected to _______ sales of the product by 50% in the next quarter. excite 1. The children were _______by the news that they would go to the amusement park this weekend. 2. The sudden announcement of the concert tour caused great _______ among fans. 3. The mysterious plot twist in the movie is sure to _______ the audience. benefit 1. Regular exercise can bring great _______ to both physical and mental health. 2. The new policy is designed to _______ low-income families by providing housing subsidies. 3. Employees who have worked here for more than five years are _______from additional vacation days. 题型四、单句语法填空 1. There is a growing _______(tend) among young people to pursue creative careers rather than traditional ones. 2. The teacher expressed _______(sympathetic) for the student who had lost his parent and offered extra support. 3. After months of research, the team finally reached a _______(conclude) that diet plays a key role in mental health. 4. It is our collective _______(responsible) to protect the environment for future generations. 5. To his great _______(disappoint), the long-awaited concert was canceled due to bad weather. 6. Children who are _______(expose) to books from an early age often develop better language skills. 7. She _______(insist) on going to the remote village to teach even though her family opposed the idea. 8. The old man's lifelong dedication to charity is _______(worth) of our highest respect. 9. His eyes lit up with _______(enthusiastic) when he talked about his new research project. 10. As we practice more, our ability to solve complex problems will _______(gradual) improve over time. 题型五、单词拼写 1. We need to take measures to _________ (促进) the development of international trade. 2. Parents should help their children _________ (培养) good habits from an early age. 3. The teacher's words _________ (启发) us to think differently about this problem. 4. This young pianist is _________ (异常地) talented in playing classical music. 5. The _________ (麻烦的) situation made it hard for us to make a decision quickly. 6. The instructions for using this machine are quite _________ (简单明了的) and easy to follow. 7. _________ (最初), I didn't agree with his plan, but later I changed my mind. 8. Water is a _________ (液体) at room temperature, but it can turn into solid when frozen. 9. Some artists are good at expressing _________ (抽象的) ideas through their paintings. 10. The _________ (概念) of environmental protection has been deeply rooted in people's minds. 11. He wiped the sweat from his _________ (前额) after finishing the long run. 12. A _________ (全面发展的) student should not only study well but also have various hobbies. 13. Children's _________ (认知) ability develops rapidly during their early years. 14. The _________ (核心) of his argument is that we should pay more attention to quality rather than quantity. 15. Her _________ (洞察力) into human nature helped her become a successful writer. 16. It's important to be _________ (文明的) to others in public places. 17. Honesty and _________ (正直) are the most important qualities for a person. 18. The _________ (获得) of knowledge requires hard work and continuous learning. 19. He majors in _________ (经济学) at university and hopes to work in a financial company in the future. 20. This new system is designed to be _________ (自主的) and can operate without human control.​ 21. The _________ (才华横溢的) scientist made several important discoveries in his lifetime.​ 22. The _________ (皇家的) family attended the opening ceremony of the new museum.​ 23. The old equipment is _________ (效率低下的) and needs to be replaced as soon as possible.​ 24. People in _________ (原始的) societies mainly relied on hunting and gathering for food.​ 25. It's a _________ (传统的) custom to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival in China. 题型六、完成句子 1. These students ___________ learn advanced technology to serve the country.​ 这些学生渴望学习先进技术来为国家服务。​ 2. The little girl ___________ drawing and often spends hours on it.​ 这个小女孩对画画有热情，经常花好几个小时在上面。​ 3. Old people may find it hard to ___________ using smart phones.​ 老年人可能会发现很难习惯于使用智能手机。​ 4. What he did ___________ the school rules, so he was punished.​ 他的所作所为反对校规，所以受到了惩罚。​ 5. Some animals ___________ hibernate in winter to save energy.​ 一些动物有在冬天冬眠以节省能量的倾向。​ 6. ___________, I want to say that health is the most important thing in life.​ 最后，我想说健康是生活中最重要的东西。​ 7. The researchers ___________ doing experiments despite many failures.​ 尽管经历了许多失败，研究人员还是继续做实验。​ 8. We should respect everyone ___________ their social status.​ 我们应该尊重每个人，不管他们的社会地位如何。​ 9. It's not easy for adults to ___________ the thoughts of teenagers.​ 成年人要理解青少年的想法并不容易。​ 10. ___________, you need to make a detailed plan for this trip.​ 首先，作为开始，你需要为这次旅行制定一个详细的计划。 题型一、语篇语法填空 (2024·河北省保定市高三一模)Walking into the Palace Museum，visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture.But 1.____________can’t be seen is the science and technology behind it.The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology，thus 2.____________(enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition，communication，tourism services and heritage protection. The Palace Museum，3.____________ (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China’s most complete variety，has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices 4.____________independent intellectual property rights (IPR).The 5.____________(history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system，risk judgment and early warning systems，and preventive measures.With the introduction of AI，big data and cloud computing，the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and 6.____________emergency platform for immovable cultural relics. Additionally，digital technologies 7.________ (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics.It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information，850，000 pieces/sets of images，1，500 three－dimensional models and high－precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas，bringing cultural resources to life and offering 8.____________(good) digital services for Internet users.The Palace Museum is 9.____________(true) an amazing example of applying the 10.____________(combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics. 题型二、应用文写作 (2024·江门市新会第一中学考试)假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花大量的时间和金钱探索太空是没有必要的。请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1.你对他的观点的看法； 2.你对太空探索的看法和理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom， I have known your ideas about exploring space. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Education重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 6 题型一、词性转换 1．_________ n．重要性；意义→_________ adj.重要的→_________ adv.重大地，显著地 2．_________ vt.促进，增进→_________ adj.晋升的→_________ n．晋升 3．_________ adj.一贯的，一致的→_________ n．一致性，连贯性 4．_________ n．同情，同情心→_________ adj. 同情的，有同情心的 5．_________ vt.分析，剖析→_________ n．分析 6．_________ n．哲学家→_________ n. 思想体系；哲学 7．_________ n．教育工作者→_________ vt.教育；指导→_________n．教育；教导，指导 8．_________ vi.坚称；坚持主张→_________ n．坚称；坚持主张 9．_________ vt.评估，评价→_________ n．评估，评价 10．_________ n．限制，规定，约束→_________ vt.约束，限制 11．_________ adj.难以忍受的→_________ adj.可以忍受的→_________ vt.承受，忍受 12．_________ n．倾向→_________ vi.倾向；趋于 vt.照顾；照料 13．_________ vi.理解；相联系→_________ adj.有关系的；有关联的→_________ n．关系 14．_________ n．兴奋，激动→_________ v．使兴奋→_________ adj.感到兴奋的→_________ adj.令人兴奋的 15. _________ n．模仿，仿效→_________ v．模仿，仿效 16．_________ adj.逐渐的，逐步的→_________ adv.逐渐地，逐步地 17．_________ adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→_________ n．疼痛→_________ adv.令人痛苦地；困难地；疼痛地 18．_________ adj.热心的，热衷的→_________ n．热心；热情 19．_________ vi.&vt.(使) 扩大；增加→_________ n．扩张；扩展；扩大 20．_________ vt.使困惑，使迷惑→_________ adj.迷惑不解的→_________ adj.令人迷惑的 21．_________ adj.失望的，沮丧的→_________ n．失望→_________ _ adj.令人失望的→_________ vt.使失望 22．_________ vi.&vt.奉献，捐献→_________ n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 23．_________ n．金融；财政→_________ adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→_________ adv.财政地；金融地 24．_________ vt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→_________ n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露 25．_________ adj.四周的，附近的→_________ n．环境；周围的事物 →_________ v．包围；环绕 26．_________ n．判断力；意见，评价；判决→_________ v．评价；判决 27．_________ vi.表现→_________ n．行为；举止 28．_________ n．结论→_________ v．断定；推断出；得出结论；使结束；终止 29．_________ n．责任→_________adj.负责的；有责任的 30．_________ n．优先处理的事；优先权→_________ adj.先前的；较早的；优先的 31．_________ v．刺激，促使，促进→_________ n．刺激，激励 32．_________ vt.展示；说明→_________ n．演示，示范，证明 33．_________ n．分析→_________ v．分析，解析 34．_________ vt.赞成；赞许；批准→_________n．赞成；批准 35．__________vt.强烈要求；敦促→_________ adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→_________ n．紧迫，迫切 36．_________ n．假定，假设→_________ v．假定；假设；认为 37．_________vt.放弃；抛弃→_________ adj.被遗弃的；放纵的 38．_________ adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的→_________ n. 尊敬，敬重 vt. 尊敬，敬佩 39．_________adj.有利的，有帮助的→_________n．利益；好处 v．使受益 40．_________vt.排列，布置→__________ n．布置；整理；安排；筹备 41．_________ adj. 批评的，批判的→_________ vi.&vt.批评；指责；评价→_________ n．批评；指责；评论→_________ n．批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人 答案 1. significance n．重要性；意义→significant adj. 重要的→significantly adv. 重大地，显著地 2. promote vt. 促进，增进→promotional adj. 晋升的→promotion n．晋升 3. consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的→consistency n．一致性，连贯性 4. sympathy n．同情，同情心→sympathetic adj. 同情的，有同情心的 5. analyze/analyse vt. 分析，剖析→analysis n．分析 6. philosopher n．哲学家→philosophy n. 思想体系；哲学 7. educator n．教育工作者→educate vt. 教育；指导→educationn．教育；教导，指导 8. insist vi. 坚称；坚持主张→insistence n．坚称；坚持主张 9. evaluate vt. 评估，评价→evaluation n．评估，评价 10. restriction n．限制，规定，约束→restrict vt. 约束，限制 11. unbearable adj. 难以忍受的→bearable adj. 可以忍受的→bear vt. 承受，忍受 12. tendency n．倾向→tend vi. 倾向；趋于 vt. 照顾；照料 13. relate vi. 理解；相联系→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n．关系 14. excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite v．使兴奋→excited adj. 感到兴奋的→exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 15. imitation n．模仿，仿效→imitate v．模仿，仿效 16. gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 17. painful adj. 令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→pain n．疼痛→painfully adv. 令人痛苦地；困难地；疼痛地 18. enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的→enthusiasm n．热心；热情 19. expand vi.&vt.(使) 扩大；增加→expansion n．扩张；扩展；扩大 20. confuse vt. 使困惑，使迷惑→confused adj. 迷惑不解的→confusing adj. 令人迷惑的 21. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的→disappointment n．失望→disappointing _ adj. 令人失望的→disappoint vt. 使失望 22. contribute vi.&vt. 奉献，捐献→contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 23. finance n．金融；财政→financial adj. 财政的；财务的；金融的→financially adv. 财政地；金融地 24. expose vt. 使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露 25. surrounding adj. 四周的，附近的→surroundings n．环境；周围的事物 →surround v．包围；环绕 26. judgement/judgment n．判断力；意见，评价；判决→judge v．评价；判决 27. behave vi. 表现→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止 28. conclusion n．结论→conclude v．断定；推断出；得出结论；使结束；终止 29. responsibility n．责任→responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的 30. priority n．优先处理的事；优先权→prior adj. 先前的；较早的；优先的 31. stimulate v．刺激，促使，促进→stimulation n．刺激，激励 32. demonstrate vt. 展示；说明→demonstration n．演示，示范，证明 33. analysis n．分析→analyze/analyse v．分析，解析 34. approve vt. 赞成；赞许；批准→approval n．赞成；批准 35. urge vt. 强烈要求；敦促→urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urgency n．紧迫，迫切 36. assumption n．假定，假设→assume v．假定；假设；认为 37. abandon vt. 放弃；抛弃→abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 38. respected adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的→respect n. 尊敬，敬重 vt. 尊敬，敬佩 39. beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的→benefit n．利益；好处 v．使受益 40. arrange vt. 排列，布置→arrangement n．布置；整理；安排；筹备 41. critical adj. 批评的，批判的→criticize/criticise vi.&vt. 批评；指责；评价→criticism n．批评；指责；评论→critic n．批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人 题型二、核心短语 1. be eager to do sth ___________ 2. be enthusiastic about ___________ 3. be used to doing ___________ 4. come to one’s defence ___________ 5. go against ___________ 6. have a tendency to do sth ___________ 7. hold up ___________ 8. in a flash ___________ 9. 最后 ___________ 10. 继续做某事 ___________ 11. 开放，开启 ___________ 12. 不管；不顾 ___________ 13. 理解；有关 ___________ 14. 搂住某人 ___________ 15. 首先，作为开始 ___________ 16. 努力改善 (或完成) ___________ 答案 1. 渴望做某事 2. 对…… 热心、热衷 3. 习惯于做某事 4. 为某人辩护 5. 违背；反对；不利于 6. 有做某事的倾向 7. 举起；支撑；耽搁；抢劫 8. 瞬间；立刻 9. in the end 10. keep on doing sth. 11. open up 12. regardless of 13. relate to 14. put one's arms around sb. 15. to start with 16. work on 题型三、一词多用 promote 1. The government has launched a series of policies to _______the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. 2. His outstanding performance in the project helped him get _______to department manager within a year. 3. The new advertisement is expected to _______ sales of the product by 50% in the next quarter. excite 1. The children were _______by the news that they would go to the amusement park this weekend. 2. The sudden announcement of the concert tour caused great _______ among fans. 3. The mysterious plot twist in the movie is sure to _______ the audience. benefit 1. Regular exercise can bring great _______ to both physical and mental health. 2. The new policy is designed to _______ low-income families by providing housing subsidies. 3. Employees who have worked here for more than five years are _______from additional vacation days. 1. promote; promoted 2. excited；excitement；excite 3. benefits；benefit；benefited 题型四、单句语法填空 1. There is a growing _______(tend) among young people to pursue creative careers rather than traditional ones. 2. The teacher expressed _______(sympathetic) for the student who had lost his parent and offered extra support. 3. After months of research, the team finally reached a _______(conclude) that diet plays a key role in mental health. 4. It is our collective _______(responsible) to protect the environment for future generations. 5. To his great _______(disappoint), the long-awaited concert was canceled due to bad weather. 6. Children who are _______(expose) to books from an early age often develop better language skills. 7. She _______(insist) on going to the remote village to teach even though her family opposed the idea. 8. The old man's lifelong dedication to charity is _______(worth) of our highest respect. 9. His eyes lit up with _______(enthusiastic) when he talked about his new research project. 10. As we practice more, our ability to solve complex problems will _______(gradual) improve over time. 答案： 1. tendency 解析：句意为 “年轻人中有一种日益增长的趋势，即追求创造性职业而非传统职业”。空前有不定冠词 “a” 和形容词 “growing”，需填入名词。“tend” 的名词形式是 “tendency”（趋势），符合语境。 2. sympathy 解析：句意为 “老师对失去父母的学生表示同情，并提供了额外的支持”。“expressed”（表达）后需接名词作宾语，“sympathetic” 的名词形式是 “sympathy”（同情），为不可数名词，直接使用原形。 3. conclusion 解析：句意为 “经过数月的研究，团队最终得出结论：饮食在心理健康中起关键作用”。“reached a...” 后需接名词，“conclude” 的名词形式是 “conclusion”（结论），“reach a conclusion” 为固定搭配，意为 “得出结论”。 4. responsibility 解析：句意为 “为子孙后代保护环境是我们共同的责任”。空前有形容词 “collective”（共同的），需填入名词。“responsible” 的名词形式是 “responsibility”（责任），为不可数名词，直接使用原形。 5. disappointment 解析：句意为 “令他非常失望的是，期待已久的音乐会因恶劣天气取消了”。“to one's + 名词” 为固定结构，意为 “令某人…… 的是”，“disappoint” 的名词形式是 “disappointment”（失望），符合语境。 6. exposed 解析：句意为 “从小接触书籍的孩子往往会发展出更好的语言技能”。“be exposed to” 为固定短语，意为 “接触……”，此处 “exposed” 为过去分词作表语，符合语境。 7. insisted 解析：句意为 “尽管家人反对，她仍坚持去偏远村庄教书”。根据从句中的 “opposed”（反对，过去式）可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“insist” 的过去式是 “insisted”，符合时态要求。 8. worthy 解析：句意为 “这位老人毕生致力于慈善事业，值得我们最高的敬意”。“be worthy of...” 为固定短语，意为 “值得……”，“worth” 的形容词形式 “worthy” 符合搭配要求（“worth” 后直接接宾语，不与 “of” 连用）。 9. enthusiasm 解析：句意为 “当他谈论自己的新研究项目时，眼中闪烁着热情的光芒”。空前有介词 “with”，需填入名词作宾语，“enthusiastic” 的名词形式是 “enthusiasm”（热情），为不可数名词，直接使用原形。 10. gradually 解析：句意为 “随着我们练习得更多，我们解决复杂问题的能力会逐渐提高”。此处需用副词修饰动词 “improve”（提高），“gradual” 的副词形式是 “gradually”（逐渐地），符合语法要求 题型五、单词拼写 1. We need to take measures to _________ (促进) the development of international trade. 2. Parents should help their children _________ (培养) good habits from an early age. 3. The teacher's words _________ (启发) us to think differently about this problem. 4. This young pianist is _________ (异常地) talented in playing classical music. 5. The _________ (麻烦的) situation made it hard for us to make a decision quickly. 6. The instructions for using this machine are quite _________ (简单明了的) and easy to follow. 7. _________ (最初), I didn't agree with his plan, but later I changed my mind. 8. Water is a _________ (液体) at room temperature, but it can turn into solid when frozen. 9. Some artists are good at expressing _________ (抽象的) ideas through their paintings. 10. The _________ (概念) of environmental protection has been deeply rooted in people's minds. 11. He wiped the sweat from his _________ (前额) after finishing the long run. 12. A _________ (全面发展的) student should not only study well but also have various hobbies. 13. Children's _________ (认知) ability develops rapidly during their early years. 14. The _________ (核心) of his argument is that we should pay more attention to quality rather than quantity. 15. Her _________ (洞察力) into human nature helped her become a successful writer. 16. It's important to be _________ (文明的) to others in public places. 17. Honesty and _________ (正直) are the most important qualities for a person. 18. The _________ (获得) of knowledge requires hard work and continuous learning. 19. He majors in _________ (经济学) at university and hopes to work in a financial company in the future. 20. This new system is designed to be _________ (自主的) and can operate without human control.​ 21. The _________ (才华横溢的) scientist made several important discoveries in his lifetime.​ 22. The _________ (皇家的) family attended the opening ceremony of the new museum.​ 23. The old equipment is _________ (效率低下的) and needs to be replaced as soon as possible.​ 24. People in _________ (原始的) societies mainly relied on hunting and gathering for food.​ 25. It's a _________ (传统的) custom to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival in China. 答案 1. promote 2. cultivate 3. inspired 4. exceptionally 5. troublesome 6. straightforward 7. Initially 8. liquid 9. abstract 10. concept 11. forehead 12. well-rounded 13. cognitive 14. core 15. insight 16. civil 17. integrity 18. acquisition 19. economics 20. autonomous 21. brilliant 22. royal 23. inefficient 24. primitive 25. traditional 题型六、完成句子 1. These students ___________ learn advanced technology to serve the country.​ 这些学生渴望学习先进技术来为国家服务。​ 2. The little girl ___________ drawing and often spends hours on it.​ 这个小女孩对画画有热情，经常花好几个小时在上面。​ 3. Old people may find it hard to ___________ using smart phones.​ 老年人可能会发现很难习惯于使用智能手机。​ 4. What he did ___________ the school rules, so he was punished.​ 他的所作所为反对校规，所以受到了惩罚。​ 5. Some animals ___________ hibernate in winter to save energy.​ 一些动物有在冬天冬眠以节省能量的倾向。​ 6. ___________, I want to say that health is the most important thing in life.​ 最后，我想说健康是生活中最重要的东西。​ 7. The researchers ___________ doing experiments despite many failures.​ 尽管经历了许多失败，研究人员还是继续做实验。​ 8. We should respect everyone ___________ their social status.​ 我们应该尊重每个人，不管他们的社会地位如何。​ 9. It's not easy for adults to ___________ the thoughts of teenagers.​ 成年人要理解青少年的想法并不容易。​ 10. ___________, you need to make a detailed plan for this trip.​ 首先，作为开始，你需要为这次旅行制定一个详细的计划。 答案 1. are eager to 解析：“渴望做某事” 对应的短语是 “be eager to do sth”，主语 “these students” 为复数，时态为一般现在时，故填 “are eager to”。 2. is enthusiastic about 解析：“对…… 有热情” 用 “be enthusiastic about”，主语 “the little girl” 是第三人称单数，一般现在时中 be 动词用 “is”，所以填 “is enthusiastic about”。 3. get used to 解析：“习惯于做某事” 为 “get used to doing sth”，句中 “find it hard to do sth” 结构中，to 后接动词原形，因此填 “get used to”。 4. went against 解析：“反对” 是 “go against”，根据后半句 “was punished” 可知时态为一般过去时，“go” 的过去式是 “went”，故填 “went against”。 5. have a tendency to 解析：“有做某事的倾向” 为 “have a tendency to do sth”，主语 “some animals” 是复数，一般现在时中动词用原形，所以填 “have a tendency to”。 6. In the end 解析：“最后” 对应的短语是 “in the end”，句首单词首字母需大写，故填 “In the end”。 7. kept on 解析：“继续做某事” 用 “keep on doing sth”，根据 “despite many failures” 可知句子描述过去的情况，“keep” 的过去式是 “kept”，因此填 “kept on”。 8. regardless of 解析：“不管；不顾” 是 “regardless of”，为固定短语，填 “regardless of”。 9. relate to 解析：“理解；有关” 用 “relate to”，句中 “it's not easy for sb to do sth” 结构中，to 后接动词原形，故填 “relate to”。 10. To start with 解析：“首先，作为开始” 对应的短语是 “to start with”，句首单词首字母需大写，所以填 “To start with”。 题型一、语篇语法填空 (2024·河北省保定市高三一模)Walking into the Palace Museum，visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture.But 1.____________can’t be seen is the science and technology behind it.The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology，thus 2.____________(enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition，communication，tourism services and heritage protection. The Palace Museum，3.____________ (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China’s most complete variety，has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices 4.____________independent intellectual property rights (IPR).The 5.____________(history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system，risk judgment and early warning systems，and preventive measures.With the introduction of AI，big data and cloud computing，the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and 6.____________emergency platform for immovable cultural relics. Additionally，digital technologies 7.________ (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics.It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information，850，000 pieces/sets of images，1，500 three－dimensional models and high－precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas，bringing cultural resources to life and offering 8.____________(good) digital services for Internet users.The Palace Museum is 9.____________(true) an amazing example of applying the 10.____________(combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics. 答案 1. what 解析：空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代 “看不见的东西”，故用 what。 2. enhancing 解析：句中已有谓语动词 “combines”，空格处需用非谓语动词。“thus” 后接现在分词表示结果，“enhance” 与逻辑主语 “The Palace Museum” 是主动关系，故填 enhancing。 3. equipped 解析：空格处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰 “The Palace Museum”。“be equipped with” 为固定搭配，意为 “配备有”，此处省略 “be”，故填 equipped。 4. with 解析：“with independent intellectual property rights” 为介词短语作定语，修饰 “devices”，表示 “具有自主知识产权”，故填 with。 5. historical 解析：空格处修饰名词 “risk data”，需用形容词形式。“history” 的形容词为 historical（历史的）。 6. an 解析：“emergency platform” 为可数名词单数，且首次提及，表泛指；“emergency” 以元音音素开头，故填 an。 7. are applied 解析：空格处为谓语动词，“digital technologies” 与 “apply” 是被动关系（技术被应用），且全文时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，故填 are applied。 8. better 解析：根据语境，数字化技术带来的服务与之前相比更优质，隐含比较意味，故用 “good” 的比较级 better。 9. truly 解析：空格处修饰形容词 “amazing”，需用副词形式。“true” 的副词为 truly（真正地）。 10. combination 解析：空格处前有定冠词 “the”，后有 “of”，需用名词形式。“combine” 的名词为 combination（结合）。 全文翻译参考： 走进故宫，游客能看到一座兼具诸多中国文化特色的建筑群。但看不见的是其背后的科学与技术。故宫将传统修复技艺与现代科技相结合，从而提升了其文化展示、交流、旅游服务及遗产保护的能力。 故宫配备了一支中国门类最齐全的文化遗产保护与研究团队，已研发并整合了 14 种具有自主知识产权的专用监测设备。历史风险数据被用于研究和编制安全风险评估指标体系、风险判断与预警系统及预防措施。随着人工智能、大数据和云计算的引入，故宫还建立了独特的不可移动文物监测响应系统和一个应急平台。 此外，故宫还应用数字技术保护文物。它已录入 186 万件文物信息、85 万件 / 套图像、1500 个三维模型及所有开放区域的高精度全景图，让文化资源 “活” 了起来，并为互联网用户提供更优质的数字服务。故宫确实是将现代与传统技术结合应用于更多文物修复和保护的绝佳范例。 题型二、应用文写作 (2024·江门市新会第一中学考试)假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花大量的时间和金钱探索太空是没有必要的。请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1.你对他的观点的看法； 2.你对太空探索的看法和理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom， I have known your ideas about exploring space. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua Dear Tom， I have known your ideas about exploring space. While I understand your concern about the time and money spent, I don't fully agree that space exploration is unnecessary. In my view, space exploration is of great significance. It drives technological progress—many daily technologies, like GPS, originated from it. Moreover, it helps us understand Earth better and find solutions to issues like resource shortages. Future space colonization might even become a necessity for humanity's survival. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$