第1部分 必修第二册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（北师大版）

(2023·浙江1月卷)上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动的过程； 2．收获与感想。 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us Last weekend，I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity ❶organized by our Students' Union. The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist，who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.We then went on a natural walk ❷in order to observe and collect samples of different plants.Throughout the event，I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes，as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. Overall，it was a valuable and enriching experience. 用左栏加黑的句式完成句子 ①上星期天，我们去拜访了那位受全世界人民尊敬的科学家。 Last Sunday，we paid a visit to the scientist respected_by_people all over the world. ②为了成为对社会有用的人，我们必须尽最大努力用知识武装自己。 We must try our best to arm ourselves with knowledge in_order_to_be_useful_ persons_to_society． ：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　1 shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n．震惊；休克 [拓展]shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的 单句语法填空 ①(2025·八省高考综合改革适应性演练)I managed to find the street the theater was on, but when I turned the corner, I stopped in shock. ②Everyone in the street was shocked(shock) when they heard the news. ③It is shocking(shock) that he lost all his possessions in such a short time. 一句多译 ④听说他去世了，我大吃一惊。 →I was shocked at_hearing_of_his_death． →I was shocked to_hear_of_his_death． ①in shock震惊地 to one's shock令某人震惊的是 ②be shocked by/at ...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do ...因做……而震惊 　2 escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避 n．逃跑；逃脱 单句语法填空 ①He escaped being_killed(kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work. ②(2023·浙江1月卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. ③He had a narrow escape in the big fire. 应用文单句写作 ④这个淘气的男孩幸运地逃脱了惩罚。 The naughty boy was lucky to escape_punishment/being_punished． ①escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事 escape from从……逃脱/逃离 ②fire escape太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape九死一生；死里逃生 　3 survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存 [拓展]survivor n．幸存者survival n．[U]幸存，幸免；[C]残存物 单句语法填空 ①As far as I know，the old lady survived her husband by 5 years. ②A plane crashed yesterday，and there were no survivors(survive). ③Amy's only chance of survival(survive) was a liver transplant. ④Many of the peasants managed to survive on tiny plots of corn and beans. 应用文单句写作 ⑤人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一方法是与自然和谐相处。 Human life is regarded as part of nature；the_only_way_for_us_to_survive is to live in harmony with nature. ①survive sth.幸免于……；从……中挺过来/活过来 ②survive on依靠……生存 ③A survive B (by ...)　A比B活的时间长(……) 　4 curious adj.好奇的 [拓展]curiously adv.奇怪地；好奇地curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I'm often asked by curious(curiosity) followers how to begin an art journey. ②He's curious to_know(know) what she said. ③He opened the door and looked forward to see what was going on out of curiosity(curious). 句式升级 ④He was curious about Australian cities，so he read the book written by Dr. Johnson. →Curious_about_Australian_cities，he_read_the_book_written_by_Dr._Johnson.(形容词短语作状语) 同义句改写 ⑤The woman in the shop had looked at them curiously. →The woman in the shop had looked at them with_curiosity．(curiosity) ①be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth.渴望做某事 ②out of curiosity出于好奇 meet/satisfy one's curiosity满足某人的好奇心 with curiosity＝curiously奇怪地；好奇地 5 equal adj.相等的；相同的 vt.比得上；等于n.同等的人 [拓展]equally adv.平等地；同样地equality n．平等；相等；均等 单句语法填空 ①Any man will be equal to the task，so long as he is careful.You should give it a try. ②No one equals him in courage，about which every one knows. ③(2023·北京卷)A few weeks later I was equally (equal) shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. 一句多译 ④尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。 →Young as he was，John was_equal_to the important task.(equal) →Although he was young，John was_fit_for the important task.(fit) →Young as he was，John was_qualified_for the important task.(qualified) ①be equal to sth./doing sth.相当于/能胜任…… ②equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过/敌得过某人/物 ③be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比 　6 attempt n．& vt.努力，尝试，企图 [拓展]attempted adj.未遂的 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to_photograph(photograph). ②Williams faces life in prison if convicted of attempted(attempt) murder. ③Don't be upset about your failure，because few can succeed at the first attempt. 一句多译 ④我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。 →I've made_an_attempt_at_convincing/to_convince_her_of his honesty，but in vain.(attempt n．) →I've attempted_to_convince_her_of his honesty，but in vain.(attempt v．) 　7 measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 n．措施；标准 单句语法填空 ①Life is not measured(measure) by number but the contribution we make. ②My mother made me a pair of trousers to my own measure. 一句多译 ③我们是时候采取措施阻止空气被污染了。 →It is high time that we should_take_measures to keep the air from being polluted. →It's high time that we took_action to prevent the air from being polluted. →It's time for us to take_steps to stop the air from being polluted.　 ①measure ...by ...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算 ②take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 ③make sth.to one's own measure为某人量身定做某物 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽”时，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。 　8 protection n．保护；防护 [拓展]protect v．保护protective adj.保护性的；防护的 单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective(protect) functional structure that is also beautiful. ②We should devote ourselves to protecting these animals from being_killed(kill). ③The scenery there is very beautiful and the environment is under protection(protect). 一句多译 ④必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。 →Effective measures must be taken to_protect_the_environment_from/against_ pollution．(protect) →Effective measures must be taken to_prevent/keep/stop_the_environment_from_being _polluted．(prevent/keep/stop) ①protect ...against/from ...＝prevent/keep/stop ...from ...保护……免受……(危害) ②under protection处于保护之下 　9 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 [拓展]breath n．呼吸的空气；气息breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，(使人)屏息的 单句语法填空 ①It has been proved that in the daytime，plants will breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen. ②(2022·全国甲卷)When we paused to catch our(we) breath，Steve got down on one knee. ③Take a deep breath，and then you may feel relaxed. ④The thick smoke from the fire made it difficult to breathe(breath) and caused me to choke. 应用文单句写作 ⑤尽管我们(累得)上气不接下气，但是我们看到了美丽的风景。 Though_out_of_breath，we were rewarded with beautiful scenery. ①breathe in吸气 breathe out呼气 ②hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 catch one's breath 恢复正常呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath上气不接下气 10 anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地 [拓展]anxious adj.不安的；焦虑的 anxiety n．不安；焦虑；渴望 单句语法填空 ①The drought had lasted several months，which made farmers anxious(anxiety). ②It's natural for parents to be anxious about their children's future.　 ③I heard you suffered from anxiety(anxious) when you took an exam recently. ④The man anxiously(anxious) urged the taxi driver to drive faster so that he could catch up with the last flight. 完成句子 ⑤周扬急于知道考试结果，因为他很渴望被大学录取。 Zhou Yang is_anxious_to_know_the_result_of_the_exam，for he's eager to be admitted into the university. ①be anxious for sb./about sth.担心某人/事 be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事 ②with anxiety＝anxiously 焦急地 　11 break down 停止运转，出故障；(谈判、计划等)失败；崩溃；(使)分解；(身体)垮掉 单句语法填空 ①The team wanted to break away from UEFA and form its own league. ②We had to break into the house as we had lost the key. ③I was still sleeping when the fire broke out，and then it spread quickly. ④We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom broke in and said something urgent. 应用文单句写作 ⑤她听到这个消息时崩溃了，但很快就恢复了。 She_broke_down_when_she_heard_the_news，but_quickly_recovered. break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 break in破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into强行闯入；突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等) break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；突然发生(无被动语态) break up (使)破碎；拆分；结束 break through突破，冲破；取得突破 　12 run out of用完；耗尽 用run的相关短语填空 ①I ran_across/into one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day. ②Lost in thought，he almost ran_into the car in front of him. ③If you run_after two hares，you will catch neither. ④She ran_for class president and won in a walk. 同义句改写 ⑤He ran out of his food soon. →His food ran_out/gave_out soon. run out＝give out 用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态) run across与……不期而遇，偶然碰见 run after追逐，追赶；追求 run away逃避；逃跑 run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for竞选 13 the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ... The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell ... 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 单句语法填空 ①The more we do for the people，the happier(happy) we will feel. ②I was getting more and more annoyed and of course，the more upset I got，the less(little) I was able to concentrate. ③The more English you practise，the better(good) your English will be. 应用文单句写作 ④我真诚地希望你们的报纸会越来越好。 I sincerely hope that your newspaper will_be_better_and_better． ①“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级 (＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。 ②“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 ③“the more ...，the less ...”意为“越……，越不……”。 “the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”句式中，第一个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”是主句，用一般将来时。 14 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking. 接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。 单句语法填空 ①Whenever we have difficulty with our study，our teachers will help us patiently. ②Besides，students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating(communicate) with. ③There is some difficulty understanding(understand) spoken English in English speaking countries for me. 应用文单句写作 ④我流利的口语能让我和外国人毫无困难地进行交流。 My fluent spoken English enables me to communicate_with_foreigners_without_difficulty． ①have much difficulty/trouble/bother(in) doing sth.做某事有很大的困难/麻烦 ②have difficulty/trouble with sth.在某方面有困难/麻烦 ③There is some/no difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth.做某事有一些/没有困难/麻烦。 ④do sth.with/without difficulty/trouble 做某事有/没有困难/麻烦 Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．conduct vt.实施；进行；执行；表现；带领，引导 vi.& vt.指挥 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal，winter planting，and seed collection.进行 ②The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.带领，引导 ③He conducted himself far better than expected.表现 ④Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera in Europe.指挥 2．break down停止运转，出故障；(谈判、计划等)失败；崩溃；(使)分解；(身体)垮掉 ①He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air­conditioning system broke down.停止运转，出故障 ②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.失败 ③His health broke down under the pressure of work.垮掉 ④(2024·全国甲卷)If it's short stories，Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.分解 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 ①It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class.训斥 ②The emperor conferred(授予) a title on the brave soldier.头衔；称号 ③He is seeking a large sum of damages from the airline for personal injury.损害赔偿金 Ⅱ.核心知识巩固练——强化语言知识 (一)词形变化练 1．The eruption(erupt) of the volcano makes many people lose their lives. 2．In the winter the place is crowded(crowd) with skiers. 3．It is shocking(shock) that they involved children in the crime. 4．If cancers are spotted early，there's a high chance of survival(survive). 5．I'm frightened(frighten) of walking home alone in the dark. 6．I hate travelling by air because I get horribly(horrible) airsick. 7．The letter wasn't addressed to me so I couldn't open it out of curiosity(curious). 8．In hospital she'll be under observation(observe) all the time. 9．The birth of her son was a minor interruption(interrupt) to her career. 10．The pilot studied his instruments anxiously(anxious). (二)固定用法练 1．Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. 2．It is evident that he is not equal to the job. 3．It is high time that we should take measures(measure) to protect endangered animals. 4．While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath(breathe). 5．Jack still can't help being anxious about his job interview. 6．We were driving half when the car broke down． 7．If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，you'll have no trouble answering(answer) these questions. 8．We took a wrong turn and got lost(loss) in the mountains. 9．The team has been training hard in preparation(prepare) for the big game. 10．Compared with the escaped driver，I am proud of what I did. Ⅰ.单元写作增分练——运用本单元词汇和句式，提高语用能力 庆祝《青春》创刊十周年 1．老实说，我以前在学好英语方面有困难。(have difficulty in doing sth.) To be honest，I had_difficulty_in_learning_English_well before. 2．一般来说，我过去常常要花大约15分钟才能读完一篇文章。(It takes sb.some time to do ...) Generally，it_used_to_take_me_about_15_minutes_to_finish_reading_a_passage． 3．《青春》仿佛一个神奇的工具，使我的英语水平迅速提高。(as if) Youth has made my English level improve rapidly as_if_it_were_a_magical_tool． 4．它之所以受到学生们的欢迎，是因为它涵盖了我们青少年感兴趣的新闻。(The reason why ...is/was that ...) The_reason_why_it_is_popular_with_students_is_that_it_covers_the_news we teenagers are interested in. 5．其中最受欢迎的专栏之一是“我们周围的榜样”，它讲述了我们学校优秀学生的故事，并且激励着我们更努力地学习。(全部倒装) Among_the_most_loved_columns_is “Role Models Around Us”，which tells stories of excellent students in our school，and inspires_us_to_study_harder． 6．我读它读得越多，我的阅读速度越快。(the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...) The_more I read it，the_faster_I_can_read． Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——心理描写之尴尬与羞愧 When Jenny rolled，she fell heavily on the blanket.Kids laughed in surprise at the noise. Standing uncomfortably and hopelessly and feeling as if the 1.whole_world_were_laughing_ at_her(整个世界都在嘲笑她)，Jenny was so ashamed that the color 2.flooded_her_cheeks(涌上她的脸颊).She thought that it must be really stupid to fall down in the game! 3.Disappointment_and_embarrassment(失望和尴尬) written in her burning face，she felt tears began to well up in her eyes.In bitter disappointment and desperation，she ran swiftly to her room and 4.locked_herself_in(把自己锁在里面). 5.The_feeling_of_failure(失败感) flooding to her，she threw herself into bed，weeping wildly. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$