必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and Nature-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心单词&固定搭配背诵默写清单（北师大版）

北师大版 必修第 课本同步 背诵+默 第1页 完整版 一、核心单词完整版 1. nature /'neitfa(r)/ 质 ★熟词生义：by natu 本质上；second natu >搭配：by nature天 上；second nature第 3.disaster /dr'za:ste ★熟词生义：a disast disaster relief救灾 >搭配：a disaster ar relief救灾 5.drought /draot/n ★熟词生义：无明显第 >搭配：severe droug 7.survive /sa'vaIv/ 比.活得长 ★熟词生义：survive survive from从.留 >搭配：survive on靠 from从..留存下来 二册 Unit 5 Humans and Nature 高考3500词汇&短语 写清单 背诵对照页 (含熟词生义) n.自然；天性；本 2.human/'hju:mn/adj.人类的；n.人 ★熟词生义：human nature人性；to err is re天性上；in nature human人非圣贤孰能无过 re第二天性 >搭配：human nature人性；to err is 性上；in nature本质 human人非圣贤孰能无过 二天性 (r)/n.灾难；灾祸 4.f1lood/fAd/n.洪水；V.淹没；充满 er area灾区； ★熟词生义：a flood of大量的；flood in涌 入 ea灾区；disaster >搭配：a flood of大量的；flood in诵入 干旱；旱灾 6.earthquake/'3:θkweIk/n.地震 词生义 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 ht严重干旱 >搭配：earthquake relief抗震救灾 .幸存；生存 8.survival/sa'varvl/n.生存；幸存 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 0n靠.生存； >搭配：survival of the fittest适者生存 存下来 ..生存；survive 第1页/共8页 9.rescue/reskju:lV.&n.营救；救援 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：rescue team救援队；come to one's rescue来救某人 11.damage/'daemId3/V.&n.损害；破 坏 ★熟词生义：do damage to对造成损害 (不可数)；damages赔偿金（何数复数） >搭配：do damage to对造成损害（不可 数)；damages赔偿金（可数复数） 13.protect/pra'tekt/v.保护 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：protect..from/against..保护.. 免受. 15.reduce/m'dju:s/v.减少；降低 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：reduce.to.…把..减少到.； reduce.by..减少了. 17.pollution/p3'lu:fn/n.污染 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：air/water/noise pollution空气/水/ 噪音污染 19.energy/enad3i/n.能源；精力 ★熟词生义：renewable energy可再生能 源；full of energy精力充沛 >搭配：renewable energy可再生能源；full of energy精力充沛 第2页 10.shelter/elta(r)/n.庇护所；v.保 护；躲避 ★熟词生义：take shelter from躲避.； shelter sb.from保护某人免受. >搭配：take shelter from躲避.…； shelter sb.from保护某人免受.… 12.destroy/dr'stroI/V.摧毁；毁灭 ★辨析：damage(部分损坏)vs.destroy (彻底摧毁)vs.ruin(逐渐毁坏) >搭配：damage(部分损坏)vs.destroy (彻底摧毁)vs.ruin(逐渐毁坏) 14.prevent/pr'vent/v.阻止；预防 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止 某人做某事 16.recycle/,ri:'sarkl/v.回收利用；再循 环 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：recycle waste回收废物 18.pollute/p3'lu:t/v.污染 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：be polluted by被..污染 20.resource/rr's:s/n.资源 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：natural resources自然资源 共8页 21.species/'spi:z/n.物种（单复数同 形) ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：endangered species濒危物种 23.balance/'baelans/n.&V.平衡 ★熟词生义：keep a balance between A andB保持A与B之间的平衡；lose one's balance失去平衡 >搭配：keep a balance between A and B 保持A与B之间的平衡；lose one's balance 失去平衡 25.awareness/a'weanas/n.意识；认识 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：raise awareness of提高.的意识 27.global/'glaobl/adj.全球的 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：global warming全球变暖 29.atmosphere/'aetmasfra(r)/n.大气 层；气氛 ★熟词生义：a relaxed atmosphere轻松的 气氛 >搭配：a relaxed atmosphere轻松的气氛 二、高考固定搭配完整版 l.in harmony with与…和谐相处 第3页 22.extinct/ik'strnkt/adj.灭绝的 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：become extinct灭绝 24.harmony/'ha:mani/n.和谐 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：in harmony with与和谐相处 26.issue/"u:/n.问题；议题；V.发 布；发行 ★熟词生义：environmental issues环境问 题；the latest issue最新一期 >搭配：environmental issues环境问题； the latest issue最新一期 28.climate/klarmat/n.气候 ★辨析：climate(气候，长期)vs. weather(天气，短期) >搭配：climate(气候，长期)vs.weather (天气，短期) 30.sustainable/sa'sternabl/,adj.可持续 的 ★熟词生义：无明显熟词生义 >搭配：sustainable development可持续发 展 2.protect.from/against..保护…免受… 共8页 3.prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某 4.reduce...to..把…减少到… 事 5.reduce.by.减少了（幅度） 6.do damage to对…造成损害 7.take shelter from躲避… 8.come to one's rescue来救某人 9.survive on靠…生存 10.survive from从…留存下来 ll.keep a balance between A and B保持A与B 12.lose one's balance失去平衡 之间的平衡 l3.raise awareness of提高…的意识 14.be aware of意识到 15.in nature本质上 16.by nature天性上 17.a flood of:大量的 18.flood in涌入 l9.be polluted by被…污染 20.become extinct灭绝 21.global warming全球变暖 22.sustainable development可持续发展 23.natural resources自然资源 24.endangered species濒危物种 25.renewable energy可再生能源 第2页 高考专项默写页 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.nature 2.disaster 3.flood 4.drought 5.survive 6.rescue 7.shelter 8.damage 9.destroy 10.protect 11.prevent 12.reduce 第4页/共8页 13.recycle 14.pollution 15.energy 16.resource 17.species 18.extinct 19.balance 20.harmony 21.awareness 22.issue 23.global 24.climate 25.atmosphere 26.sustainable 27.污染(v.) 28.自然灾害 29.地震 30.人类 熟词生义专项默写（高考高频陷阱默写） l.nature除了“自然”，还 2.issue除了“问题”，作动 3.atmosphere除了“大气 有“ ”和“ 词还有“ ”的含 层”，还有“ ”的含 ”的含义。 义。 义。 4.balance除了“平衡”，短 5.shelter作动词时， 6.damage作名词时，do 语lose one's balance意 shelter sb.from..意 damage to中damage为 为“ 为“ (可数/不可数)；而 damages意为“ ”。 7.survive除了“幸存”， 8. energy除了“能源”，full 9.flood除了“洪水”，a survive from意 of energy意 flood of意为“ 0 为“ ”。 为“ l0.nature在in nature中意 为“ ”;在by nature中意为“ 高考短语英汉互译默写 1. 与…和谐相处 2。保护…免受… 3.阻止某人做某事 4。把…减少到… 5.减少了（幅度） 6。对…造成损害 7.躲避… 8.来救某人 第5页/共8页 9.靠…生存 10.保持A与B之间的平衡 11.失去平衡 12.提高…的意识 13.意识到 14.本质上 15.天性上 16.大量的 17.涌入 18.被…污染 19.灭绝 20.全球变暖 21.可持续发展 22.自然资源 23.濒危物种 24.可再生能源 25.抗震救灾 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.We should live harmony with nature. 2.We must protect the environment pollution. 3.The heavy rain prevented us going out. 4.The number of students has reduced 500. 5.The number of students has reduced 10%. 6.The earthquake did great damage the city. 7.They took shelter the storm in a cave. 8.The firefighters came the villagers' rescue 9.Some animals survive grass alone. 10.We should keep a balance economic development and environmental protection. 11.The government is trying to raise public awareness environmental protection. 第6页/共8页 12.We should be aware the importance of protecting nature. 13.The river has been seriously polluted the factory. 14.Many species have become extinct human activities. 15.We should make use natural resources wisely. 参考答案 默写页对照答案 一、 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.自然；天性；本质 2.灾难；灾祸 3.洪水；淹没 4.干旱；旱灾 5.幸存；生存 6.营救；救援 7.庇护所 8.损害；破坏 9.摧毁；毁灭 10.保护 11.阻止；预防 12.减少；降低 13.回收利用；再循环 14.污染 15.能源；精力 16.资源 17.物种 18.灭绝的 19.平衡 20.和谐 21.意识；认识 22.问题；发布 23.全球的 24.气候 25.大气层；气氛 26.可持续的 27.pollute 28.natural disaster 29.earthquake 30.human 二、熟词生义专项默写（高考高频陷阱默写） 1.天性；本质 2.发布；发行 3.气氛 4.失去平衡 5.保护某人免受.… 6.不可数；赔偿金 7.从.…留存下来 8.精力充沛 9.大量的 10.本质上；天性上 三、高考短语英汉互译默写 1.in harmony with 2.protect...from/against... 3.prevent sb.from doing sth. 4.reduce...to... 5.reduce..by.… 6.do damage to 第7页/共8页 7.take shelter from 8.come to one's rescue 9.survive on 10.keep a balance between A and B 11.lose one's balance 12.raise awareness of 13.be aware of 14.in nature 15.by nature 16.a flood of 17.flood in 18.be polluted by 19.become extinct 20.global warming 21.sustainable development 22.natural resources 23.endangered species 24.renewable energy 25.earthquake relief 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.in -We should live in harmony with nature. 2.from -We must protect the environment from pollution. 3.from -The heavy rain prevented us from going out. 4.to -The number of students has reduced to 500. 5.by -The number of students has reduced by 10%. 6.to -The earthquake did great damage to the city. 7.from -They took shelter from the storm in a cave. 8.to -The firefighters came to the villagers'rescue. 9.on -Some animals survive on grass alone. 10.between-We should keep a balance between economic development and environmental protection. 11.of -The government is trying to raise public awareness of environmental protection. 12.of -We should be aware of the importance of protecting nature. 13.by -The river has been seriously polluted by the factory. 14.due to because of -Many species have become extinct due to human activities. 15.of We should make use of natural resources wisely. 第8页/共8页