第18讲 定语从句 （专项训练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第18讲 名词定语从句满分指南 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查关系代词 考向02 考查关系副词 考向03 定语从句在写作中的应用 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查关系代词 1.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 2.The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影)of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 3.In the 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. 4.His works blur the line between private and public spaces. What Alejandro Aravena, chair of the Pritzker jury, admires is that Liu “has found a way to build places are a building, landscape and public space at the same time.” 5.After learning the real-person video examples demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures. 6.This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns. 7.According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, ____proved inconvenient for travel. 8.Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, _________fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations. 9.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of the Forbidden City is a good example. 10.“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 11.Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 12.“This exhibition is really significant, brings a rare opportunity for New Zealanders to engage with one of the most important cultural and religious sites in the world and facilitates people-to-people exchanges, ” said New Zealand parliament member Jenny Salesa. 13.“I had prepared for this concert for nearly a year. I am very proud and excited to display the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians,” said Hu, ____ ____ went through a journey of over 50 hours from Shanghai to Havana. 14.It begins with the memories of Gao Shi, also a renowned poet, name alone can evoke (引起，唤起) legends. 15.The dances, through people can improve coordination and heart health, involve detailed footwork and rhythmic movements. 16.There are many different types of quyi-performance in China, such as comic dialogues, degu, pingshu and shuanghuang, among the crosstalk is most popular, 17.It took them six months to decide on how to restore the books, most of have suffered damage to their original binding.18.______ everyone knows, the Silk Road symbolizes the friendship between European and Asian peoples, With a history stretching over 2,000 years, the origins of the Silk Road in China trace back to the Han Dynasty. 19.I hope acupuncture, with ___________ help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people. 20．Shaanxi’s biang biang noodles were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for ___________ the back story and written character were common knowledge. 21．___________is known to all, Tsinghua University is one of the top universities throughout the world. 22．Understanding, love and tolerance are the first three essentials ___________ come to an authentic friendship. 23．The student coming from the country was starving for the friendship from those ___________come from the city. 24．A survey found that there are over 60 million current players in the world, the majority of ___________ live in East Asia. 25．The lifestyle, however, was laid down by two historical men of letters. One was Bai Juyi, ___________ rebuilt the West Lake and made a new bank to benefit the locals. 26.The reason ___________this traditional flatbread happens to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport. 27.This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, ___________members were all tall and mighty like giants. 28.The reasons why Chinese is enjoying great popularity are as follows. First, China is already a global economic power, ___________ influence is growing. 29.Beside scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ___________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth. 30.She studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expects in the field from ___________ she gained a deep knowledge. 31. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___________ gives off light in the dark. 32. I have explained on the phone, your proposal will be considered at the next meeting. 33. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street, some of ___________ carried flags, which blew in the wind. 34. Many developing countries ___________ rely on the export of agricultural products have become fearful of famine or drought­like situations. 35. Many young people, most of ___________are well-educated, realize the importance of the biodiversity on the Earth. 36. Who is the girl ___________ is standing under the tree? 37. The first thing ___________ should be done is to develop a cultural relic protection plan. 38. Happiness and success often come to those ___________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 39. ___________the forecast predicted, the weather was horrible for the whole weekend. 40. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___________she opened with her late husband Les. 41. ___________is seen from the picture, a student is overloaded with piles of homework and endless after­school training, making him breathless. 42. “Nicolo,” ___________ real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italy’ s privacy laws, finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin. 43. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy, ___________ is transformed into electricity. 44. Tom's love for the Chinese bamboo flute started in elementary school, ___________ clear sound guided him onto the road of flute learning. 45. Hua Mulan, the story of ___________ has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). 46.Unlike contentious hearings with other tech CEOs, lawmakers “appeared in a listening mood” with Altman, company developed the breakthrough AI chatbot ChatGPT. 47.Library where it is stored. It is not only one example of ancient works of art tell the wisdom of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries. 48.This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, ___________members were all tall and mighty like giants. 49. Each dancer carries a bamboo stick, is struck against the ground to the music. This dance is typically performed (celebrate) the end of the harvest season. 50.In a unanimous resolution, the UN General Assembly recognized the significance of the Lunar New Year, __________is celebrated in numerous UN member states. 51.She told China Daily that hanfu is gaining appeal and _________ (recognize) in Hong Kong among people of different age groups, and that her association is growing day by day. “At first, we only had a dozen or so pieces of hanfu, would be kept at home and taken out when they were needed. Now, we have over 100 pieces and need to rent a warehouse for storage,” she said. 52.In addition to “Happy Loong”, the Gansu Provincial Museum offers stuffed toys inspired 47 the flying apsaras (飞天) of the Mogao Grottoes and the bronze galloping horse from the Easter Han Dynasty (25-220), all of 48 combine rich history with Gen-Z appeal. 53.Chinese sauerkraut, a pickle which 3 (make) of Chinese cabbage, is a traditional specialty of the northeastern region and is now sold around the country 4 exported overseas. 54.Acrobats can act like fish swimming ____7_____ (smooth) in the water, birds flying through trees and butterflies dancing among flowers, showcasing wonderful skills 8 require years of hard training. 55. In ancient times, needlework was a must-learn skill for women, __________had to make clothes for their families. 56.In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” 57.Located near the archaeological site of the Yin Ruins, 54 is also the location of the last capital of the Shang Dynasty(1600-1046 B．C．), the expanded Yinxu Museum is the first museum 55 (present) the Shang civilization comprehensively. 58.It not only offers a way for young people to interact with a city in a meaningful way but also provides them with a new social scene individuals with similar interests can connect and form friendship. 59.This year, their modest home were decorated with pink cherry blossoms, ________Wong said could bring good luck. 60.Qiang embroidery(羌绣)is a peculiar flower in China’s folk handicrafts and reflect the wisdom of the Qiang people. It dates back to the Han Dynasty 11 it was adopted for use on clothing. The Qiang people adore nature, 12 flowers, grasses, fruits, vegetables, and animals are used as inspiration for the embroidery’s most common patterns. 61.“I 25 (live) in Maryland for four years when I was young. So I wanted to combine my past, 26 is my filling, with my present home,” Houston said. 62.Taoism is China’s native religion. _________is evident in its best-known symbol, the circle of yin and yang, it’s also a religion of unity and opposites. 63.As spring comes, it is sensible to open the windows 49 (air) out stuffy homes, remove dirt, and repair any damages 50 occurred during the winter months. Inventions such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines, and cleaning agents have made the process more efficient and convenient. 64.The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made from various grains. 65.According to the legend, the Jade Emperor(ruler of heaven) would like to measure time by twelve different animals. He told animals that he would hold a great race on his birthday, the prize of ________ was twelve positions on the Chinese zodiac calendar. 66.Legends have been passed on about Zheng He in the countries and regions ________ he set foot. 67.Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, _______full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names. 68.His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things_______ other people make.”69.He learned carpentry in his teens, after ____ ____ he taught himself the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. 70.In addition to the new rocket for manned mission, China is also developing a new crewed capsule and a lunar lander, _______ will be able to send three astronauts to the lunar orbit and allow two of them to land on the moon. 71.The PLA Navy currently operates two carriers CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong, both of ____ ____ have a displacement of around 50, 000 tons and use a ski jump mode for launching fixed wing aircraft. 72.After she moved to China over 12 years ago, she became even more crazy about Chinese medicine. Living in a community with a drugstore Chinese traditional herbs and medicine were sold, Halpyarovich met an experienced doctor. 73.The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels, 6 (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape 7 resembles a staircase to the clouds. 考向02 考查关系副词 1. The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 2.Together, they started a project which later became a website called Phoemica, or Xiangyinyuan, __________recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. 3.Here, a city unfolds before your very eyes you listen to the dialogue between culture and wisdom, interpret the cultural thoughts condensed (浓缩) in a historical context, experience ancient feelings with a poetic flavor, and picture the dream in your minds. 4.A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 5.The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts. 6.The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 7.Tang’s stories, which have consistently entertained his fellow countrymen over the centuries, nowadays delight audiences from around the world visiting his hometown, the international theater exchange programs are currently hosted. 8.Is stand-up back? That’s the question Chinese comedy fans found themselves asking last month, streamers iQiyi and Tencent Video launched “King of Comedy: Stand-up Season” and “Stand-up Comedy and Friends”, respectively. 9.She found out her daughter had been sleeping on the floor in a house ___________ dogs and cats moved around, and she worried that older babies might step on her. 10.Beijing, ___________ the Summer Games were held in 2008, is the first city in the world to host both editions of the Olympic Games. 11．China’s modernization process over the past four decades has created a new context ___________there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, generating something new and genuine. 12.At the Chinese art festival, there are different places ___________ artists show their skills and teach the visitors. 13. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ___________ thousands were attending a water conference. 14. Some people grow up in more formal families ___________ hugging isn’t common. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging unpleasant. 15. It is a challenging job ___________ you need to closely cooperate with the other team members. 16. Their youngest child is at the stage ___________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 17. There are some cases ___________ many students find themselves hard to get used to so many challenges. 18. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ___________ the customers are tended warmly and carefully. 19. There was a time ___________we didn’t talk to each other, but you seem not to remember. 20. Woesler said that one of the reasons ___________modern Chinese literature has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics. 21. Adolescence is an important period in a person’s growth ___________ guidance is badly needed in shaping the characters of the teenagers. 22. Wherever you go in Xinjiang, whether the north or south of the Tianshan Mountains, you’ll notice small stands __ some crispy and delicious nang is sold. 23. It has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin___ visitors can view the river passing through the city and watch exhibitions showing its long history’ and diverse cultures. 24.There are many features the app offers, and my favorite is the birdsong listening feature, you can turn on your phone’s microphone and hear recorded diverse birdsongs. 25.Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry. It was created by Mick Pearce who was inspired while watching a nature documentary termites (白蚁) were constructing their nests. 26.Walking through his neighborhood supermarket in Australia, packs of Chinese sauerkraut (酸菜) line the shelves, Huang Xiqing feels like he’s shopping in his hometown of Shenyang in Liaoning province. 27.The Dongfeng Landing Site has a search zone of tens of thousands of square kilometers, which 5contains (contain) desert, salt flats, as well as wetlands that make it challenging to find out the reentry module might land. 28.The opportunity came in 2008, China launched a national program for global top talent. 29.These events have transformed Jingdezhen into an incredible platform for diversified cooperation and communication, ________ young artistic talents are drawn to its flame like moths. 30.Despite it being a busy work day, thousands of people wearing black came to the Mingyangshan Mortuary House in the city, ____ ____the memorial service was held at 10 am, to present bouquets (花束) and bunches of rice and pay tribute (颂词) to Yuan. 考向03定语从句在写作中的应用 Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子 1．在我们的日常生活中，我们对某件事情会有自己的不同于他人的观点。 In our daily life, we will have our own point of view about something, ___________________________________. 2．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。 _____________________________________________,our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations. 3．他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 He talked about the people and the place_______________________________________. 4．这是一份很困难而且很有压力的工作，但却是一份能真正帮助别人的工作。 5． This is a difficult and stressful job but one _____________________________________________没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。 A sailor_____________________________________________will never become an excellent sailor. Ⅱ.定语从句写作练习 1.我写信邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.我英语很熟练，这使得我与外国人自由交谈成为可能。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.这场音乐会，其中包括由才华横溢的学生们表演的各种精彩节目，将于下周日上午在我校大厅举行。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.任何想参加该活动的同学，可以通过lihua@123.com与李华联系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.以下是一些关于学习汉语的建议，希望能对你有帮助。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.强烈推荐中国书法，这是了解中国深厚文化的窗口。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.北京有很多景点，其中最迷人的景点是长城。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.我明天下午没空的原因是我要参加一个重要的班会。(道歉信) _______________________________________________________________________________ 9.你有必要好好休息，这将为你提供足够的能量。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10.令我非常高兴的是，一个著名的新体育场已经建成，它已成为我们学校的地标。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 11.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化，深受中国人的喜爱。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 12.你最好在课前做好充分的准备，对唐朝的历史有一个简单的了解，这样你就能很容易地完成整个课程。 _______________________________________________________________________________ III.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。 1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。 2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。 3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。 4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。 5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 题型一 阅读理解 1 （2025·北京师大第二附属中学·高三下学期开学考）Neurodiversity is a term that refers to the natural range of differences in people’s brains. The neurodiversity movement says that the brains that wander from the average within that range shouldn’t be dismissed as insufficient automatically. The term dates back to the autism (自闭症) community in the 1990s, though it’s now applied to all sorts of mental differences. In the past, “autism was widely seen as an individual medical tragedy,” says Robert Chapman, a neurodivergent (脑功能异于常人的) philosopher with autism, “The only hope for autistic people and our families, it was thought, was that we would one day be fixed through behavioral or biomedical intervention.” Neurodiversity challenges that notion. Rather than assuming, for instance, that an autistic person’s struggles to find a job are the result of some internal shortcoming, neurodiversity research considers the existence of external explanations. The barriers to autistic employment emerge from the environment, not only the individual. Studies from 2022 and 2023 have shown that many autistic people are prosocial and skilled at seeing others’ perspectives, while neurodiversity advocates stress it takes two to communicate. Though autistic people may struggle to understand a neurotypical perspective, neurotypical people may struggle to understand an autistic perspective, making it a “double empathy (共情) problem”. This thread of research is already having an impact, helping autism interventions like the “social stories” technique take off. This intervention, which introduces autistic children to common social situations, works by facilitating communication between neurodivergent and neurotypical individuals, with a focus on supporting children, rather than “fixing” them. The technique is consistent with what autistic individuals advocate for themselves. An assessment of the funding of recent autism research revealed the majority was directed toward the biological causes of autism, while the minority was directed toward services, support and education. However, members of the autistic community felt the funding failed to reflect their priorities and wouldn’t have any effect on everyday lives. Crucially, the neurodiversity movement allows neurodivergent people to transform their thinking about themselves. “The dominant medicalized narrative suggested that being autistic made me somehow tragic, broken, and in need of fixing” Chapman writes in his 2023 book. “This was why I found discovering neurodiversity movement, which offered a different analysis, so liberating.” 31．According to neurodiversity movement, the main cause of autistic people’s struggle to function in society is ______. A．an imbalance between research funding and public awareness B．a mismatch between their abilities and their surroundings C．the internal shortcomings autistic people are born with D．the barriers from behavioral or biomedical interventions 32．Which of the following statements about the “social stories” technique is TRUE? A．It is aimed at fixing the autistic children’s behavioral problems. B．It focuses on teaching neurotypical individuals about autistic people. C．It is based on the theory that neurodivergent people can be prosocial. D．It works by putting neurodivergent people into common social situations. 33．What can be inferred about Robert Chapman? A．He believes being autistic is a life-long tragedy. B．He has been fixed through bio-medical intervention. C．He is bothered by the negative narrative surrounding autism. D．He thinks autistic people can be liberated from the movement. 34．The main purpose of the article is to ______. A．introduce the effective treatment methods for autism B．explain the history and significance of the neurodiversity movement C．argue for the necessity of promoting the neurodiversity movement D．criticize the wrong focus of research in understanding autism2 题型二 七选五 1 （2025·北京市西城区·二模）In our fast-paced, technology-driven world, the act of eating has transformed from a mindful practice to an often hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by consuming food while engaging in other activities such as watching television, scrolling through smartphones, or working at a desk, is becoming increasingly widespread. 35 The common presence of digital devices and the constant demands of modern life have contributed to the rise of distracted eating. 36 For instance, office workers frequently eat lunch while replying to emails, and students snack during online classes. This behavior is not limited to any specific age group. Distracted eating has several negative effects on physical and mental health. When attention is divided between eating and another activity, it becomes challenging to recognize signals of being full. 37 Studies have shown a correlation between distracted eating and an increased intake of calories, contributing to weight gain and obesity. Eating while distracted can impair digestion. The body needs to be in a relaxed state for proper digestion, but multitasking can create a state of mild stress, affecting the digestive process. This can lead to discomfort, bloating, and other gastrointestinal issues. 38 This reduces the overall nutritional quality of the diet, impacting long-term health. The practice of mindful eating, which involves paying full attention to the experience of eating, has been linked to improved mental health outcomes. In contrast, distracted eating can contribute to stress and anxiety, as it reduces the enjoyment and satisfaction of meals. 39 Creating specific areas for eating, free from digital devices and work related materials helps to establish a clear boundary between mealtime and other activities. Establishing and following regular meal times can reduce the temptation to cat while multitasking. This encourages a more structured approach to eating. Engage in mindful eating by focusing on the sensory experience of food — its taste, texture, and aroma. This can enhance the enjoyment of meals and improve satiety recognition. As awareness of the issue grows, it is hoped that more people will recognize the benefits of mindful eating and make conscious (自觉的) efforts to enjoy their meals fully and healthily. A．Addressing distracted eating requires conscious effort and lifestyle changes. B．Over time, this habit may weaken the brain’s ability to associate food with satisfaction. C．Eating in response to boredom, rather than genuine hunger, is a frequent consequence of such behavior. D．This shift in eating habits has significant consequences for our health and well-being. E．This can lead to overeating, as individuals are less aware of how much they have consumed. F．People are multitasking more than ever, trying to maximize productivity by combining meal times with other activities. G．Distracted eaters may make poorer food choices, choosing convenience foods that are often high in sugar, fat, and salt. 2 （2025·北京人大附中·三模）It’s no secret that life makes us anxious. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 19% of U.S. adults have been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. 35 A lack of in-person connection and interaction, time in nature and engagement in our communities is creating “digital anxiety.” At the root of most anxiety disorders is a difficulty coping with uncertainty. It is manifested in symptoms of excessive worry and anxiety. Those with generalized anxiety disorder might worry about their own safety or that of a loved one. 36 Digital anxiety, on the other hand, is rooted in our use of technology and social media habits. One example is the stress caused by negative interactions from a social media post. There may be feelings of inadequacy, hopelessness and social isolation. People may also experience digital anxiety when separated from their phones. They might feel disconnected and worry about not knowing of possible threats like war or a natural catastrophe. 37 Faced with digital anxiety, how can we reduce it? Here are a few recommendations to get you started. 38 Record how often you’re engaged with screens and technology. Note the time of day you’re most likely to log on and how you feel before and after. Accept that anxiety is a part of living. 39 Make a daily commitment to practice radical acceptance — the ability to accept reality without judgment. That doesn’t mean you approve of negative events and situations. Rather, you accept these circumstances as things you might not be able to change at this moment — or ever. A．Limit your social media and screen time. B．They focus their attention on specific goals. C．Be honest with yourself about your digital habits. D．Life is unpredictable and often beyond your control. E．Sometimes they miss out on a social event or lose touch with friends. F．Or they may have persistent fears that something bad is about to happen. G．Studies also show that too much time on social media is linked to greater anxiety. 2025年 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2.（2025年全国二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37central____ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 4.（2025年北京卷） However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ____18left ____ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. 5.（2025年1月浙江卷）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ____63____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for ____64____ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean _____65_____ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 2024年 1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 2.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 3.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 4.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 5.【2024浙江1月卷】Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. 2023年 1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.s 2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect. 3.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 4.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”... 5. 【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 6. 【2023年全国甲卷】 She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun. 7.【2023年北京卷】Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference. 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第18讲 名词定语从句满分指南 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查关系代词 考向02 考查关系副词 考向03 定语从句在写作中的应用 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查关系代词 1.“Covering over 100,000 square meters, it’s now at a stage in its main structure is going through a construction phase, with the main buildings gradually taking shape. 【答案】 which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：占地面积达 10 万平方米，目前该项目正处于主体结构施工阶段，主要建筑正在逐步成型。此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句，修饰先行词stage，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 2.The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影)of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis, indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout. 【答案】 which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它是传统城市设计的缩影，在这种设计中，中心位置是重点，表明通过城市布局来构建社会秩序和规范社会生活的目的。此处引导定语从句，先行词为traditional city design，指物，定语从句中缺少介词in的宾语，故应用which，此处in which引导定语从句，故填which。 3.In the 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. 【答案】 which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这段4分02秒的视频中，它展示了其位于上海临港奉贤工厂的机器人生产线的各个阶段，其特点是自制的人形机器人与人类工人一起工作。“____ features self made humanoid robots working alongside human workers”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the robotic production line，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 4.His works blur the line between private and public spaces. What Alejandro Aravena, chair of the Pritzker jury, admires is that Liu “has found a way to build places are a building, landscape and public space at the same time.” 【答案】 that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：普利兹克奖评审团主席亚历杭德罗·阿瓦内亚称赞刘家琨之处在于，他“找到了一种方法，能够将建筑、景观和公共空间融为一体，打造出兼具这些元素的建筑作品。”引导定语从句，先行词“places”在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 5.After learning the real-person video examples demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：用户学习完展示每个手语词汇的真人视频示例后，可以激活摄像头，应用将识别并评估用户手语手势的准确性。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词examples，从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 6.This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种布局在随后的几个世纪中迅速发展并得到广泛应用，成为中国传统城市规划最典型的方法，这种方法通常被认为是城镇的方形设计。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the most typical approach，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。 7.According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, ____proved inconvenient for travel. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当时人们在下雨天依赖草帽和斗篷，这证明了旅行的不便。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是主句的内容，指事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 8.Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, _________fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：打树花不仅仅是一场精彩表演；它体现了表演者的勇气、技巧和毅力，他们为让这一文化瑰宝为子孙后代传承下去而努力。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是performers，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 9.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of the Forbidden City is a good example. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：木制建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验，紫禁城就是一个很好的例子。“of ________  the Forbidden City is a good example”为之前“The durability of the wooden buildings”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 10.“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“音乐让人快乐，因为旋律很欢快。”唐宝山说道，他从小就开始学习民歌，并且很快就展现出了在这方面的天赋。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Baoshan，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 11.Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。 12.“This exhibition is really significant, brings a rare opportunity for New Zealanders to engage with one of the most important cultural and religious sites in the world and facilitates people-to-people exchanges, ” said New Zealand parliament member Jenny Salesa. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这次展览意义重大，它为新西兰人提供了一个难得的机会，让他们能够接触到世界上最重要的文化和宗教场所之一，并促进人与人之间的交流。空处前句以逗号隔开，主干成分，空处所在句缺少主语，考虑非限制性定语从句，先行词为This exhibition，表示事物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 13.“I had prepared for this concert for nearly a year. I am very proud and excited to display the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians,” said Hu, ____ ____ went through a journey of over 50 hours from Shanghai to Havana. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“我为这场音乐会准备了将近一年。我非常自豪和激动能在古巴展示中国传统乐器并与当地音乐家交流，”胡说道，他从上海到哈瓦那经历了50多个小时的旅程。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Hu，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 14.It begins with the memories of Gao Shi, also a renowned poet , name alone can evoke (引起，唤起) legends. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它从对高适的回忆开始，高适也是一位著名的诗人，他的名字本身就能唤起传说。先行词为poet，在定语从句中作定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。 15.The dances, through people can improve coordination and heart health, involve detailed footwork and rhythmic movements. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些舞蹈通过详细的脚步动作和节奏性的运动，有助于提高协调性和心脏健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词dances，空处与空前through构成“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词指物，作介词through的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 16.There are many different types of quyi-performance in China, such as comic dialogues, degu, pingshu and shuanghuang, among the crosstalk is most popular, 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国有许多不同类型的曲艺表演，如相声、德鼓、评书和双簧，其中最受欢迎的是相声。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词types，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 17.It took them six months to decide on how to restore the books, most of have suffered damage to their original binding. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们花了六个月的时间来决定如何修复这些书，其中大部分书的原始装订都遭到了破坏。分析句子可知，空处和most of搭配，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词books作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 18.______ everyone knows, the Silk Road symbolizes the friendship between European and Asian peoples, With a history stretching over 2,000 years, the origins of the Silk Road in China trace back to the Han Dynasty. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，丝绸之路象征着欧亚人民之间的友谊。丝绸之路在中国的起源可以追溯到汉代，距今已有2000多年的历史。As everyone knows是固定短语，表示“众所周知”，as引导非限定性定语从句，表示“正如”之意。 故填As 19.I hope acupuncture, with ___________ help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我希望针灸疗法——借助它的帮助我得以康复——能继续为其他人带来健康。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词acupuncture。先行词在定语从句中做定语，所以用关系代词whos引导该从句。故填whose。 20．Shaanxi’s biang biang noodles were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for ___________ the back story and written character were common knowledge. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：陕西的油泼面在当地人心中是一道慰藉人心、备受喜爱的食物，关于它的背景故事和文字字符是当地人的常识。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词locals。先行词指人，在定语从句中做介词的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。 21．___________is known to all, Tsinghua University is one of the top universities throughout the world. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，清华大学是世界上顶尖的大学之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代后面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，且表示“正如”，应用关系代词as引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 22．Understanding, love and tolerance are the first three essentials ___________ come to an authentic friendship. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：理解和爱、宽容是构成真正友谊的首要三个要素。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词essentials。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故填that。 23．The student coming from the country was starving for the friendship from those ___________come from the city. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：来自农村的学生渴望得到来自城里同学的友谊。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词those。先行词those指代“那些学生”，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 24．A survey found that there are over 60 million current players in the world, the majority of ___________ live in East Asia. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一项调查发现，目前全球有超过6000万名玩家，其中大多数生活在东亚。介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词over 60 million current players，作介词的宾语，指人，故填whom。 25．The lifestyle, however, was laid down by two historical men of letters. One was Bai Juyi, ___________ rebuilt the West Lake and made a new bank to benefit the locals. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，这种生活方式是由两位历史文人奠定的。一个是白居易，他重建了西湖，建立了一个新的堤岸来造福当地人。先行词为 Bai Juyi，作非限制性定语从句的的主语，关系代词为who。 26.The reason ___________this traditional flatbread happens to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种传统的大饼之所以能在这里流行，是因为它易于烘烤、储存和运输。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，应使用关系副词why。故填why。 27.This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, ___________members were all tall and mighty like giants. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这座山是夸父部落的家园，他们的成员都像巨人一样高大威武。分析句子结构可知非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Kua Fu tribe，在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 28.The reasons why Chinese is enjoying great popularity are as follows. First, China is already a global economic power, ___________ influence is growing. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：首先，中国已经是一个全球经济大国，其影响力正在增长。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词China在从句中作定语，修饰后面的名词influence，用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 29.Beside scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ___________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：除了科学任务，宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座，期间他们进行了各种实验，并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词lectures，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词during的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 30.She studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expects in the field from ___________ she gained a deep knowledge. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她学了两年半的中医，对中医有很深的了解。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是expects，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作from的宾语，应用“介词from+whom”引导。故填whom。 31. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___________ gives off light in the dark. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：爱尔兰的一所学校推出了一套有趣的新校服。夹克的边缘有一块布，在黑暗中会发光。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。 32. I have explained on the phone, your proposal will be considered at the next meeting. 【答案】As 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如我电话中已解释的那样，你的提议将在下次会议上考虑。根据句意可知，空处应用As引导非限制定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，指代整个主句的内容。故填As。 33. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street, some of ___________ carried flags, which blew in the wind. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我可以看到一群大约20名巴西舞者和一个穿着奇装异服的乐队站在街上，其中一些人举着旗帜，在风中飘扬。空格处是“介词+which/whom”，先行词a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes是人，因此空格处用whom，故填whom。 34. Many developing countries ___________ rely on the export of agricultural products have become fearful of famine or drought­like situations. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多依赖农产品出口的发展中国家已经开始担心饥荒或类似干旱的情况。此处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词countries，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 35. Many young people, most of ___________are well-educated, realize the importance of the biodiversity on the Earth. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，认识到地球上生物多样性的重要性。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词，与most of一起引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为people，作介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。 36. Who is the girl ___________ is standing under the tree? 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：站在树下的女孩是谁？此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the girl，主句中有who，应用that引导，在从句中作主语。故填that。 37. The first thing ___________ should be done is to develop a cultural relic protection plan. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：首先应该做的是制定一个文物保护计划。定语从句修饰先行词thing，在从句作主语，指物，且由序数词修饰，只能用that引导。故填that。 38. Happiness and success often come to those ___________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：幸福和成功往往属于那些善于认识自身优势的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，“those”是先行词，指代“那些人”，关系词在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 39. ___________the forecast predicted, the weather was horrible for the whole weekend. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如天气预报所预测的那样，整个周末天气都很糟糕。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，即as，空格位于句首，故填As。 40. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___________she opened with her late husband Les. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：现在，艾琳•阿斯特伯里每天上午9点到下午5点在麦克莱斯菲尔德的宠物店工作，这家店是她和已故丈夫莱斯开的。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故填which。 41. ___________is seen from the picture, a student is overloaded with piles of homework and endless after­school training, making him breathless. 【答案】As 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：从照片中可以看出，一名学生被成堆的家庭作业和无休止的放学后训练弄得喘不过气来。此处是非限制性定语从句引导词，从句缺少主语，表示“正如”，应使用关系代词as。位于句首首字母大写，故填As。 42. “Nicolo,” ___________ real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italy’ s privacy laws, finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“Nicolo”在都灵的一家工厂工作了一整夜，由于意大利的隐私法，他的真实姓名不能向公众公开。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，修饰先行词Nicolo，此处表示所属关系，应该用whose。故填whose。 43. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy, ___________ is transformed into electricity. 【答案】which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为energy，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。 44. Tom's love for the Chinese bamboo flute started in elementary school, ___________ clear sound guided him onto the road of flute learning. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆对中国竹笛的喜爱始于小学，清脆的笛声引导他走上了学习长笛的道路。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为the Chinese bamboo flute，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰clear sound，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 45. Hua Mulan, the story of ___________ has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：花木兰是北魏（386－534）的一位战士，中国历代都有花木兰的故事。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Hua Mulan，为人，作介词of后宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 46.Unlike contentious hearings with other tech CEOs, lawmakers “appeared in a listening mood” with Altman, company developed the breakthrough AI chatbot ChatGPT. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：与其他科技公司首席执行官举行的有争议的听证会不同，议员们对Altman的听证会“表现出倾听的心情”。Altman的公司开发了突破性的人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Altman”，和空后的“company”之间存在所有关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 47.Library where it is stored. It is not only one example of ancient works of art tell the wisdom of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它不仅是古代艺术作品中讲述祖先智慧的一个例子，也是中国工匠几个世纪以来追求美的见证。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词works of art，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which引导从句。故填that/which。 48.This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, ___________members were all tall and mighty like giants. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这座山是夸父部落的家园，他们的成员都像巨人一样高大威武。分析句子结构可知非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Kua Fu tribe，在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 49. Each dancer carries a bamboo stick, is struck against the ground to the music. This dance is typically performed (celebrate) the end of the harvest season. 【答案】which/to celebrate 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每个舞者都带着一根竹竿，随着音乐敲击地面。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词stick，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种舞蹈通常是为了庆祝丰收季节的结束而表演的。此处celebrate在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to celebrate。 50.In a unanimous resolution, the UN General Assembly recognized the significance of the Lunar New Year, __________is celebrated in numerous UN member states. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在一项一致通过的决议中，联合国大会承认了农历新年的重要性，许多联合国成员国都庆祝农历新年。先行词为Lunar New Year，作非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为which。故填which。 51.She told China Daily that hanfu is gaining appeal and _________ (recognize) in Hong Kong among people of different age groups, and that her association is growing day by day. “At first, we only had a dozen or so pieces of hanfu, would be kept at home and taken out when they were needed. Now, we have over 100 pieces and need to rent a warehouse for storage,” she said. 【答案】recognition/which 【解析】考查名词。句意：她对《中国日报》表示，汉服在香港不同年龄段的人群中越来越有吸引力和认可度，她的协会也在日益壮大。动词 gain 后需接名词作宾语，recognition 认可，不可数名词。故填recognition。 考查定语从句。句意：她说：“一开始，我们只有十几件汉服，这些汉服会被放在家里，需要的时候才会拿出来。”分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是hanfu，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词 which 引导定语从句。故填which。 52.In addition to “Happy Loong”, the Gansu Provincial Museum offers stuffed toys inspired 47 the flying apsaras (飞天) of the Mogao Grottoes and the bronze galloping horse from the Easter Han Dynasty (25-220), all of 48 combine rich history with Gen-Z appeal. 【答案】by/which 【解析】47．考查介词。句意：除了 "开心龙"，甘肃省博物馆还推出了以莫高窟飞天和东汉青铜奔马为灵感的毛绒玩具，这些产品都将厚重的历史和新时代的吸引力融为一体。分析句子可知，这里使用介词，且表示被启发，使用表示被动的介词by。故填by。 48．考查定语从句。句意：除了 "开心龙"，甘肃省博物馆还推出了以莫高窟飞天和东汉青铜奔马为灵感的毛绒玩具，这些产品都将厚重的历史和新时代的吸引力融为一体。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是stuffed toys，在从句中作主语，表示这些玩具结合了丰富的历史和对新时代的吸引力，因此使用of which的非限定性定语从句形式。故填which。 53.Chinese sauerkraut, a pickle which 3 (make) of Chinese cabbage, is a traditional specialty of the northeastern region and is now sold around the country 4 exported overseas. 【答案】is made/and 【解析】3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国酸菜是一种由白菜制成的泡菜，是东北地区的传统特产，现在销往全国各地并出口到海外。make(制作)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词a pickle)之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is made。 4．考查连词。句意：中国酸菜是一种由白菜制成的泡菜，是东北地区的传统特产，现在销往全国各地并出口到海外。exported和sold之间是并列谓语动词，用连词and连接。故填and。 54.Acrobats can act like fish swimming ____7_____ (smooth) in the water, birds flying through trees and butterflies dancing among flowers, showcasing wonderful skills 8 require years of hard training. 【答案】smoothly which/that 【解析】7.考查副词。句意：杂技演员可以像鱼在水中平稳地游动，像鸟在树林中飞翔，像蝴蝶在花丛中翩翩起舞，展示出需要多年艰苦训练的精彩技艺。此处修饰动词swimming，应使用副词作状语。故填smoothly。 8．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是skills，指物，从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 55. In ancient times, needlework was a must-learn skill for women, __________had to make clothes for their families. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在古代，女红是女子必学的技能，要为家人缝制衣服。空处引非限制性定语从句，先行词women在从句中作主语。故填who。 56.In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：除了沉船外，还出土了各种各样的文物，包括陶器、瓷器和铁器，其中大部分是在江西省景德镇的窑里制作的，被称为中国的“瓷器之都”。分析句子，设空处与前文的of构成介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是artifacts，为物用which。故填which。 57.Located near the archaeological site of the Yin Ruins, 54 is also the location of the last capital of the Shang Dynasty(1600-1046 B．C．), the expanded Yinxu Museum is the first museum 55 (present) the Shang civilization comprehensively. 【答案】which /to present 【解析】54．考查定语从句。句意：殷墟博物馆位于殷墟考古遗址附近，也是商朝（公元前1600-1046年）最后一个首都的所在地，扩建后的殷墟博物馆是第一个全面展示商朝文明的博物馆。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Yin Ruins archaeological site，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：殷墟博物馆位于殷墟考古遗址附近，也是商朝（公元前1600-1046年）最后一个首都的所在地，扩建后的殷墟博物馆是第一个全面展示商朝文明的博物馆。present“展现，显示，表现”。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，当名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，museum有first修饰，用present的不定式。故填to present。 58.It not only offers a way for young people to interact with a city in a meaningful way but also provides them with a new social scene individuals with similar interests can connect and form friendship. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它不仅为年轻人提供了一种以有意义的方式与城市互动的方式，还为他们提供了一个新的社交场景，在那里，有着相似兴趣的人可以联系起来，形成友谊。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a new social scene，先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 59.This year, their modest home were decorated with pink cherry blossoms, ________Wong said could bring good luck. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们简朴的家被装饰着粉色的樱花，Wong 说这可以带来好运。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词（cherry blossoms）在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 60.Qiang embroidery(羌绣)is a peculiar flower in China’s folk handicrafts and reflect the wisdom of the Qiang people. It dates back to the Han Dynasty 11 it was adopted for use on clothing. The Qiang people adore nature, 12 flowers, grasses, fruits, vegetables, and animals are used as inspiration for the embroidery’s most common patterns. 【答案】when so 【解析】11．考查定语从句。句意：羌绣在中国民间手工艺品中是一朵独特的花，它可以追溯到汉朝，当时它被用于服装上。先行词是 the Han Dynasty，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用 when 引导。故填 when。 12．考查连词。句意：羌族人热爱自然，所以花、草、水果、蔬菜和动物被用作刺绣最常见图案的灵感来源。根据下文“flowers, grasses, fruits, vegetables, and animals are used as inspiration for the embroidery’s most common patterns(花、草、水果、蔬菜和动物被用作刺绣最常见图案的灵感来源)”可知，前后是因果关系，故填 so。 61.“I 25 (live) in Maryland for four years when I was young. So I wanted to combine my past, 26 is my filling, with my present home,” Houston said. 【答案】lived which 【解析】25．考查时态。句意：我年轻的时候在马里兰州住了四年。根据后文when I was young.可知为一般过去时。故填lived。 26．考查定语从句。句意：“所以我想把我的过去和我现在的家结合起来，”休斯顿说。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词past，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 62.Taoism is China’s native religion. _________is evident in its best-known symbol, the circle of yin and yang, it’s also a religion of unity and opposites. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如其最著名的标志——阴阳圈所示，它也是一种统一和对立的宗教。引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”应用as，首字母大写。故填As。 63.As spring comes, it is sensible to open the windows 49 (air) out stuffy homes, remove dirt, and repair any damages 50 occurred during the winter months. Inventions such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines, and cleaning agents have made the process more efficient and convenient. 【答案】to air that 【解析】49．考查动词不定式。句意：随着春天的到来，明智的做法是打开窗户，让闷热的房屋通风，清除灰尘，修复冬季发生的任何损坏。此空为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是目的，所以使用不定式形式作目的状语。故填to air。 50．考查定语从句。句意：随着春天的到来，明智的做法是打开窗户，让闷热的房屋通风，清除灰尘，修复冬季发生的任何损坏。此空为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词damages指的是物，且被any修饰，所以此处使用关系代词that。故填that。 64.The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made from various grains. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：典型的中国酒精饮料是白酒，由各种谷物制成。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词指物。故填which。 65.According to the legend, the Jade Emperor(ruler of heaven) would like to measure time by twelve different animals. He told animals that he would hold a great race on his birthday, the prize of ________ was twelve positions on the Chinese zodiac calendar. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他告诉动物们，他将在他的生日那天举行一场盛大的赛跑，比赛的奖品是中国十二生肖的十二个位置。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词race，作介词的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。 66.Legends have been passed on about Zheng He in the countries and regions ________ he set foot. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：郑和足迹所及的国家和地区都流传着关于他的传说。分析句子可知，空出引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countries and regions（表示地点的名词）；且从句缺状语，故用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 67.Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, _______full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names. 【答案】whose 【解析】查定语从句。句意：巴勃罗·毕加索是世界上最著名的艺术家之一，他的全名其实是一个很长的名字，实际上是许多名字的混合体。分析可知， 　　full name is really a long one在句中为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Pablo Picasso，空处在从句中作定语，指毕加索的全名，所以用关系代词whose，故填whose。 68.His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things_______ other people make.” 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他对“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗？”这个问题的回答是坚定的，即“为什么不呢？我们中国人能够制造和其他人一样的东西。”分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词things，指物，在从句中作宾语，先行词前有the same修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。 69.He learned carpentry in his teens, after ____ ____ he taught himself the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他十几岁时学习木工，后来自学绘画、诗歌、书法和篆刻艺术。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句陈述的内容，且空前有介词after，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 70.In addition to the new rocket for manned mission, China is also developing a new crewed capsule and a lunar lander, _______ will be able to send three astronauts to the lunar orbit and allow two of them to land on the moon. 【答案】which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构和意思可知，　　　 will be able to send three astronauts to the lunar orbit and allow two of them to land on the moon是非限制性定语从句，先行词a new crewed capsule and a lunar lander在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 71.The PLA Navy currently operates two carriers CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong, both of ____ ____ have a displacement of around 50, 000 tons and use a ski jump mode for launching fixed wing aircraft. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国人民解放军海军目前操作两艘航母，中国海军辽宁号和中国海军山东号，两艘排水量大约5万吨，使用滑跃模式用于发射固定翼飞机。此处为“介词+which”结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong，作介词的宾语，指物，故用which。故填which。 72.After she moved to China over 12 years ago, she became even more crazy about Chinese medicine. Living in a community with a drugstore Chinese traditional herbs and medicine were sold, Halpyarovich met an experienced doctor. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Halpyarovich住在一个社区，那里有一家出售中草药和药品的药店，在那里他遇到了一位经验丰富的医生。先行词为a drugstore，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 73.The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels, 6 (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape 7 resembles a staircase to the clouds. 【答案】winding which/that 【解析】6．考查非谓语动词。句意：最高的一层有1100多层，从山脚蜿蜒到山顶，创造了一个宏伟的景观，就像是通往云端的楼梯。句子谓语是has，空格处作状语，主语the highest tier与wind之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填winding。 7．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导定语从句，先行词为a magnificent landscape，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which/that引导，故填which/that。 考向02 考查关系副词 1. The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, but in its live performance, a team of puppeteers (木偶操纵师), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. 【答案】 where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏的真正魅力不仅在于其制作过程，更在于其现场表演环节。在这一环节中，一群木偶操纵者、讲述者和乐手们相互协作，共同呈现精彩画面。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词performance，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 2.Together, they started a project which later became a website called Phoemica, or Xiangyinyuan, __________recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. 【答案】 where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们一起启动了一个项目，这个项目后来变成了一个名为“乡音苑”的网站，在这个网站上，收集并展示了那些濒临消失的方言的录音。分析句子结构可知，　5　recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a website，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3.Here, a city unfolds before your very eyes you listen to the dialogue between culture and wisdom, interpret the cultural thoughts condensed (浓缩) in a historical context, experience ancient feelings with a poetic flavor, and picture the dream in your minds. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这里，一座城市在你眼前展开，在这里你可以聆听文化与智慧之间的对话，解读历史背景下浓缩的文化思想，用诗意的情怀体验古老的情感，并在脑海中勾勒出梦想。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a city，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4.A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world the old and the new meet. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个乐高展品占地47平方米，精致地拼凑出一个奇妙的世界，在这里新旧交汇。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a marvelous world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5.The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses they socialized with other bird enthusiasts. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去，许多鸟类主人会把他们的鸟带到茶馆，在那里他们与其他鸟类爱好者交往。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the tea houses，指具体地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 6.The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 7.Tang’s stories, which have consistently entertained his fellow countrymen over the centuries, nowadays delight audiences from around the world visiting his hometown, the international theater exchange programs are currently hosted. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：几个世纪以来，汤显祖的故事一直为他的同胞们带来欢乐，如今，来自世界各地的观众来到他的家乡，那里正在举办国际戏剧交流项目。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是his hometown，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 8.Is stand-up back? That’s the question Chinese comedy fans found themselves asking last month, streamers iQiyi and Tencent Video launched “King of Comedy: Stand-up Season” and “Stand-up Comedy and Friends”, respectively. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上个月，当爱奇艺和腾讯视频分别推出《喜剧之王：单口季》和《脱口秀和Ta的朋友们》时，中国喜剧迷们发现自己在问这个问题。此处是一个非限制性的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词是last month，指代时间，因此关系副词用when。故填when。 9.She found out her daughter had been sleeping on the floor in a house ___________ dogs and cats moved around, and she worried that older babies might step on her. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她发现女儿一直睡在房子的地板上，房子里有狗和猫在走动，她担心大一点的婴儿可能会踩到她。定语从句修饰先行词house，在从句作地点状语，应用where。故填where。 10.Beijing, ___________ the Summer Games were held in 2008, is the first city in the world to host both editions of the Olympic Games. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：北京，2008年夏季奥运会的举办地，是世界上首个举办过两届奥运会的城市。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing。先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 11．China’s modernization process over the past four decades has created a new context ___________there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, generating something new and genuine. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去四十年来，中国的现代化进程创造了一个新的背景，即古代与现代之间的伙伴关系，产生了新的和真实的东西。该从句位于名词之后且由前面的名词“context(背景、环境)”可知，后面应该是起修饰作用的定语从句，把名词还原回定语从句中应该是作地点状语，所以填入关系副词where。故填where。 12.At the Chinese art festival, there are different places ___________ artists show their skills and teach the visitors. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上，有不同的地方，艺术家们展示他们的技能，并教游客。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词places指的是地点，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。 13. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ___________ thousands were attending a water conference. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 14. Some people grow up in more formal families ___________ hugging isn’t common. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging unpleasant. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：有些人在比较正式的家庭长大，在那里拥抱并不常见。其他人可能会经历让拥抱变得不愉快的虐待。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为more formal families，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。 15. It is a challenging job ___________ you need to closely cooperate with the other team members. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这是一项具有挑战性的工作，你需要与其他团队成员密切合作。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a challenging job，表抽象地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 16. Their youngest child is at the stage ___________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们最小的孩子正处于能说单个单词但不能说完整句子的阶段。句中先行词为stage，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系代词where引导。故填where。 17. There are some cases ___________ many students find themselves hard to get used to so many challenges. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在某些情况下，许多学生发现自己很难适应这么多的挑战。先行词为cases ，在定语从句中作抽象地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 18. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ___________ the customers are tended warmly and carefully. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这家餐厅有一种温馨的、像家一样的氛围，顾客们被热情而细心地接待。定语从句修饰先行词atmosphere，在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 19. There was a time ___________we didn’t talk to each other, but you seem not to remember. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：曾经有一段时间我们彼此不说话，但你似乎不记得了。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故填when。 20. Woesler said that one of the reasons ___________modern Chinese literature has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：沃斯勒说，中国现代文学吸引他的一个原因是，许多作品都具有强烈的地域特色。分析句子可知，此处引导限定词定语从句，先行词为the reasons，关系词替代先行词在从句中作原因状语从句，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 21. Adolescence is an important period in a person’s growth ___________ guidance is badly needed in shaping the characters of the teenagers. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：青春期是一个人成长的重要时期，这时期在塑造青少年性格方面急需指导。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为an important period，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。 22. Wherever you go in Xinjiang, whether the north or south of the Tianshan Mountains, you’ll notice small stands __ some crispy and delicious nang is sold. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：无论你走到新疆的哪个地方，无论是天山的北部还是南部，你都会注意到卖酥脆可口馕的小摊。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stands，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些小摊上”，应使用关系副词where。故填where。 23. It has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin___ visitors can view the river passing through the city and watch exhibitions showing its long history’ and diverse cultures. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它已经成为黄河流域的一个文化地标，游客可以在这里看到河流穿过城市，观看展示其悠久历史和多元文化的展览。定语从句修饰先行词landmark，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。 24.There are many features the app offers, and my favorite is the birdsong listening feature, you can turn on your phone’s microphone and hear recorded diverse birdsongs. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这款应用提供了许多功能，我最喜欢的是鸟鸣收听功能，你可以打开手机的麦克风，听到各种鸟鸣的录音。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the birdsong listening feature，在从句中作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 25.Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry. It was created by Mick Pearce who was inspired while watching a nature documentary termites (白蚁) were constructing their nests. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它是由米克·皮尔斯创建的，他在观看一部白蚁筑巢的自然纪录片时受到启发。空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词a nature documentary，且在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故填where。 26.Walking through his neighborhood supermarket in Australia, packs of Chinese sauerkraut (酸菜) line the shelves, Huang Xiqing feels like he’s shopping in his hometown of Shenyang in Liaoning province. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：漫步在澳大利亚附近的超市，一包包的中国酸菜摆在货架上，黄锡清感觉自己像是在家乡辽宁省沈阳市购物。空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Australia，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在澳大利亚”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 27.The Dongfeng Landing Site has a search zone of tens of thousands of square kilometers, which 5contains (contain) desert, salt flats, as well as wetlands that make it challenging to find out the reentry module might land. 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：东风着陆场的搜索区域有数万平方公里，包括沙漠、盐滩以及使确定返回舱可能着陆地点变得具有挑战性的湿地。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故填where。 28.The opportunity came in 2008, China launched a national program for global top talent. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：机会出现在2008年，当时中国启动了一项面向全球顶尖人才的国家计划。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词2008，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 29.These events have transformed Jingdezhen into an incredible platform for diversified cooperation and communication, ________ young artistic talents are drawn to its flame like moths. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些活动将景德镇变成了一个不可思议的多元化合作交流平台，年轻的艺术人才像飞蛾一样被吸引到这里。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词platform，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。 30.Despite it being a busy work day, thousands of people wearing black came to the Mingyangshan Mortuary House in the city, ____ ____the memorial service was held at 10 am, to present bouquets (花束) and bunches of rice and pay tribute (颂词) to Yuan. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：尽管这是一个繁忙的工作日，但数千名身穿黑色衣服的人来到了明阳山殡仪馆，上午10点在那里举行了追悼仪式，他们献上花束和一束米，并向袁隆平致敬。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Mingyangshan Mortuary House，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 考向03定语从句在写作中的应用 Ⅰ.用定语从句补全句子 1．在我们的日常生活中，我们对某件事情会有自己的不同于他人的观点。 In our daily life, we will have our own point of view about something, ___________________________________. 2．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。 _____________________________________________,our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations. 3．他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 He talked about the people and the place that . 4．这是一份很困难而且很有压力的工作，但却是一份能真正帮助别人的工作。 This is a difficult and stressful job but one _____________________________________________. 5． 没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。 A sailor_____________________________________________will never become an excellent sailor. 【答案】1.which_is_different_from_others 2.As_we_all_know 3.he had visited in that country 4.where_you_can_really_help_people. 5.who_has_experienced_no_storm Ⅱ.定语从句写作练习 1.我写信邀请你参加下周六在我们学校举办的音乐节。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.我英语很熟练，这使得我与外国人自由交谈成为可能。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.这场音乐会，其中包括由才华横溢的学生们表演的各种精彩节目，将于下周日上午在我校大厅举行。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.任何想参加该活动的同学，可以通过lihua@123.com与李华联系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.以下是一些关于学习汉语的建议，希望能对你有帮助。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.强烈推荐中国书法，这是了解中国深厚文化的窗口。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.北京有很多景点，其中最迷人的景点是长城。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.我明天下午没空的原因是我要参加一个重要的班会。(道歉信) _______________________________________________________________________________ 9.你有必要好好休息，这将为你提供足够的能量。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10.令我非常高兴的是，一个著名的新体育场已经建成，它已成为我们学校的地标。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 11.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化，深受中国人的喜爱。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 12.你最好在课前做好充分的准备，对唐朝的历史有一个简单的了解，这样你就能很容易地完成整个课程。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1. I’m writing to invite you to take part in the music festival which/that will be held in our school next Saturday. 2. I have a good command of English, which makes it possible for me to communicate with foreigners freely. 3. The concert, which includes various fantastic performances played by 4. talented students, will be held in the school hall next Sunday morning. Anyone who wants to take part in this activity can email Li Hua at lihua@123.com. 5. Here are some tips about how to learn Chinese, which I hope will be of great benefit to you. 6. Chinese calligraphy is highly recommended, which serves as a window into profound Chinese culture./ It is highly recommended that you learn Chinese calligraphy, which is a window into its profound culture. 7.Beijing has many attractions, the most fascinating of which is the Great Wall. 8.The reason why I won't be available tomorrow afternoon is that I have to care for my sick grandfather. 9.It is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you. 10.To my great joy, a famous new stadium has been put up, which has become the landmark in our school. 11.In the class, you will mainly learn Tang poetry, which reflects traditional Chinese culture and is deeply loved by Chinese. 12.You'd better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of Tang Dynasty, which makes it easy for you to go through the class. III.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。 1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。 2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。 3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。 4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。 5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother is my former English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we all like her. Kate took the first place in the Speech Contest, which makes her mother happy. The New Year is coming, when Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother. As we all know, Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, where Kate intends to buy what she needs. 题型一 阅读理解 1 （2025·北京师大第二附属中学·高三下学期开学考）Neurodiversity is a term that refers to the natural range of differences in people’s brains. The neurodiversity movement says that the brains that wander from the average within that range shouldn’t be dismissed as insufficient automatically. The term dates back to the autism (自闭症) community in the 1990s, though it’s now applied to all sorts of mental differences. In the past, “autism was widely seen as an individual medical tragedy,” says Robert Chapman, a neurodivergent (脑功能异于常人的) philosopher with autism, “The only hope for autistic people and our families, it was thought, was that we would one day be fixed through behavioral or biomedical intervention.” Neurodiversity challenges that notion. Rather than assuming, for instance, that an autistic person’s struggles to find a job are the result of some internal shortcoming, neurodiversity research considers the existence of external explanations. The barriers to autistic employment emerge from the environment, not only the individual. Studies from 2022 and 2023 have shown that many autistic people are prosocial and skilled at seeing others’ perspectives, while neurodiversity advocates stress it takes two to communicate. Though autistic people may struggle to understand a neurotypical perspective, neurotypical people may struggle to understand an autistic perspective, making it a “double empathy (共情) problem”. This thread of research is already having an impact, helping autism interventions like the “social stories” technique take off. This intervention, which introduces autistic children to common social situations, works by facilitating communication between neurodivergent and neurotypical individuals, with a focus on supporting children, rather than “fixing” them. The technique is consistent with what autistic individuals advocate for themselves. An assessment of the funding of recent autism research revealed the majority was directed toward the biological causes of autism, while the minority was directed toward services, support and education. However, members of the autistic community felt the funding failed to reflect their priorities and wouldn’t have any effect on everyday lives. Crucially, the neurodiversity movement allows neurodivergent people to transform their thinking about themselves. “The dominant medicalized narrative suggested that being autistic made me somehow tragic, broken, and in need of fixing” Chapman writes in his 2023 book. “This was why I found discovering neurodiversity movement, which offered a different analysis, so liberating.” 31．According to neurodiversity movement, the main cause of autistic people’s struggle to function in society is ______. A．an imbalance between research funding and public awareness B．a mismatch between their abilities and their surroundings C．the internal shortcomings autistic people are born with D．the barriers from behavioral or biomedical interventions 32．Which of the following statements about the “social stories” technique is TRUE? A．It is aimed at fixing the autistic children’s behavioral problems. B．It focuses on teaching neurotypical individuals about autistic people. C．It is based on the theory that neurodivergent people can be prosocial. D．It works by putting neurodivergent people into common social situations. 33．What can be inferred about Robert Chapman? A．He believes being autistic is a life-long tragedy. B．He has been fixed through bio-medical intervention. C．He is bothered by the negative narrative surrounding autism. D．He thinks autistic people can be liberated from the movement. 34．The main purpose of the article is to ______. A．introduce the effective treatment methods for autism B．explain the history and significance of the neurodiversity movement C．argue for the necessity of promoting the neurodiversity movement D．criticize the wrong focus of research in understanding autism 【答案】31．B 32．D 33．C 34．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经多样性这一概念及其对于自闭症等神经差异群体的意义和影响。 31．细节理解题。根据第二段“Neurodiversity challenges that notion. Rather than assuming, for instance, that an autistic person’s struggles to find a job are the result of some internal shortcoming, neurodiversity research considers the existence of external explanations. The barriers to autistic employment emerge from the environment, not only the individual.(神经多样性挑战了这种观念。例如，神经多样性研究并没有假设自闭症患者找工作的困难是某种内在缺陷的结果，而是考虑了外部解释的存在。自闭症患者就业的障碍来自环境，而不仅仅是个人)”可知，自闭症患者在社会中挣扎的主要原因是他们的能力和周围环境之间的不匹配。故选B项。 32．细节理解题。根据第四段“This thread of research is already having an impact, helping autism interventions like the “social stories” technique take off. This intervention, which introduces autistic children to common social situations, works by facilitating communication between neurodivergent and neurotypical individuals, with a focus on supporting children, rather than “fixing” them.(这条研究线索已经产生了影响，帮助像“社交故事”技术这样的自闭症干预措施起飞。这种干预将自闭症儿童引入到常见的社会环境中，通过促进神经发散型和神经正常型个体之间的交流来发挥作用，重点是支持儿童，而不是“修复”他们)”可知，“社交故事”技术通过把神经不同个体置于常见的社交情境中起作用。故选D项。 33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Crucially, the neurodiversity movement allows neurodivergent people to transform their thinking about themselves. “The dominant medicalized narrative suggested that being autistic made me somehow tragic, broken, and in need of fixing” Chapman writes in his 2023 book. “This was why I found discovering neurodiversity movement, which offered a different analysis, so liberating.”(至关重要的是，神经多样性运动允许神经发散的人改变他们对自己的看法。Chapman在他2023年出版的书中写道：“主流的医学叙事认为，自闭症让我在某种程度上变得悲惨、破碎，需要修复。”“这就是我发现神经多样性运动如此令人解放的原因，它提供了一种不同的分析视角。”)”可推知，Robert Chapman被自闭症周围的负面叙述所困扰。故选C项。 34．推理判断题。根据第一段“Neurodiversity is a term that refers to the natural range of differences in people’s brains. The neurodiversity movement says that the brains that wander from the average within that range shouldn’t be dismissed as insufficient automatically.(神经多样性是一个术语，指的是人类大脑的自然差异范围。神经多样性运动表示，在这个范围内偏离平均水平的大脑不应该被自动视为不充分)”可知，这句话引出神经多样性这一话题，接下来文章围绕神经多样性运动展开，解释了其历史、意义和影响。由此推知，文章的主要目的是解释神经多样性运动的历史和意义。故选B项。 2 题型二 七选五 1 （2025·北京市西城区·二模）In our fast-paced, technology-driven world, the act of eating has transformed from a mindful practice to an often hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by consuming food while engaging in other activities such as watching television, scrolling through smartphones, or working at a desk, is becoming increasingly widespread. 35 The common presence of digital devices and the constant demands of modern life have contributed to the rise of distracted eating. 36 For instance, office workers frequently eat lunch while replying to emails, and students snack during online classes. This behavior is not limited to any specific age group. Distracted eating has several negative effects on physical and mental health. When attention is divided between eating and another activity, it becomes challenging to recognize signals of being full. 37 Studies have shown a correlation between distracted eating and an increased intake of calories, contributing to weight gain and obesity. Eating while distracted can impair digestion. The body needs to be in a relaxed state for proper digestion, but multitasking can create a state of mild stress, affecting the digestive process. This can lead to discomfort, bloating, and other gastrointestinal issues. 38 This reduces the overall nutritional quality of the diet, impacting long-term health. The practice of mindful eating, which involves paying full attention to the experience of eating, has been linked to improved mental health outcomes. In contrast, distracted eating can contribute to stress and anxiety, as it reduces the enjoyment and satisfaction of meals. 39 Creating specific areas for eating, free from digital devices and work related materials helps to establish a clear boundary between mealtime and other activities. Establishing and following regular meal times can reduce the temptation to cat while multitasking. This encourages a more structured approach to eating. Engage in mindful eating by focusing on the sensory experience of food — its taste, texture, and aroma. This can enhance the enjoyment of meals and improve satiety recognition. As awareness of the issue grows, it is hoped that more people will recognize the benefits of mindful eating and make conscious (自觉的) efforts to enjoy their meals fully and healthily. A．Addressing distracted eating requires conscious effort and lifestyle changes. B．Over time, this habit may weaken the brain’s ability to associate food with satisfaction. C．Eating in response to boredom, rather than genuine hunger, is a frequent consequence of such behavior. D．This shift in eating habits has significant consequences for our health and well-being. E．This can lead to overeating, as individuals are less aware of how much they have consumed. F．People are multitasking more than ever, trying to maximize productivity by combining meal times with other activities. G．Distracted eaters may make poorer food choices, choosing convenience foods that are often high in sugar, fat, and salt. 【答案】35．D 36．F 37．E 38．G 39．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在快节奏的科技时代，分心进食愈发普遍，其因数字设备和现代生活需求而生。分心进食对身心健康有害，会导致暴饮暴食、消化问题，影响食物选择。而正念饮食有益心理健康。可通过改变生活方式来解决分心进食，人们应重视正念饮食以健康用餐。 35．根据上文“In our fast-paced, technology-driven world, the act of eating has transformed from a mindful practice to an often hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by consuming food while engaging in other activities such as watching television, scrolling through smartphones, or working at a desk, is becoming increasingly widespread. (在我们这个快节奏、科技驱动的世界里，吃的行为已经从一种用心的练习变成了一种经常匆忙和分心的活动。分心进食的特点是一边吃东西一边看电视、刷智能手机或伏案工作，这种现象正变得越来越普遍。)”可知，上文提到在快节奏、技术驱动的世界里，饮食行为从一种有意识的行为变成了匆忙且分心的活动，分心进食越来越普遍。本句承接上文，指出这种饮食行为的变化会带来不良后果，引出下文对分心进食影响的阐述，故D选项“这种饮食习惯的转变对我们的健康和幸福有重大影响。”符合语境，故选D。 36．根据上文“The common presence of digital devices and the constant demands of modern life have contributed to the rise of distracted eating. (数码设备的普遍存在和现代生活的不断需求导致了分心进食的增加。)”可知，上文指出数字设备的普遍存在和现代生活的持续需求导致了分心进食的增加，本句进一步解释了为什么会出现分心进食，故F选项“人们比以往任何时候都更加一心多用，试图通过把吃饭时间和其他活动结合起来来最大限度地提高效率。”符合语境，故选F。 37．根据上文“Distracted eating has several negative effects on physical and mental health. When attention is divided between eating and another activity, it becomes challenging to recognize signals of being full. (分心进食对身心健康有几个负面影响。当注意力在吃东西和其他活动之间分散时，识别吃饱的信号就变得很困难。)”可知，上文提到当注意力分散在进食和其他活动之间时，很难识别饱腹感信号，本句说明这种难以识别饱腹感信号的结果是过度进食，故E选项“这可能会导致暴饮暴食，因为人们很少意识到自己吃了多少。”符合语境，故选E。 38．根据上文“Eating while distracted can impair digestion. The body needs to be in a relaxed state for proper digestion, but multitasking can create a state of mild stress, affecting the digestive process. This can lead to discomfort, bloating, and other gastrointestinal issues. (分心时吃东西会损害消化。身体需要处于放松状态才能正常消化，但多任务处理会造成轻微的压力，影响消化过程。这会导致不适、腹胀和其他胃肠道问题。)”可知，上文提到分心进食会影响消化，导致不适、腹胀和其他胃肠道问题。本句进一步说明了分心进食在食物选择方面的不良影响，与上文一起阐述分心进食的负面效应，故G选项“分心的食客可能会做出更糟糕的食物选择，他们会选择高糖、高脂肪和高盐的方便食品。”符合语境，故选G。 39．根据后文“Creating specific areas for eating, free from digital devices and work related materials helps to establish a clear boundary between mealtime and other activities. Establishing and following regular meal times can reduce the temptation to cat while multitasking. This encourages a more structured approach to eating. Engage in mindful eating by focusing on the sensory experience of food — its taste, texture, and aroma. This can enhance the enjoyment of meals and improve satiety recognition. (创建特定的用餐区域，远离电子设备和与工作相关的材料，有助于在用餐时间和其他活动之间建立清晰的界限。建立并遵循规律的用餐时间可以减少在一心多用时吃猫的诱惑。这鼓励了一种更有条理的饮食方式。专注于食物的感官体验——它的味道、质地和香气，从而专心进食。这样可以增加用餐的乐趣，提高饱腹感。)”可知，下文提到创造特定的进食区域，建立和遵循规律的用餐时间等改变生活方式的措施来解决分心进食的问题。故A选项“解决进食分心问题需要有意识的努力和生活方式的改变。”符合语境，故选A。 2 （2025·北京人大附中·三模）It’s no secret that life makes us anxious. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 19% of U.S. adults have been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. 35 A lack of in-person connection and interaction, time in nature and engagement in our communities is creating “digital anxiety.” At the root of most anxiety disorders is a difficulty coping with uncertainty. It is manifested in symptoms of excessive worry and anxiety. Those with generalized anxiety disorder might worry about their own safety or that of a loved one. 36 Digital anxiety, on the other hand, is rooted in our use of technology and social media habits. One example is the stress caused by negative interactions from a social media post. There may be feelings of inadequacy, hopelessness and social isolation. People may also experience digital anxiety when separated from their phones. They might feel disconnected and worry about not knowing of possible threats like war or a natural catastrophe. 37 Faced with digital anxiety, how can we reduce it? Here are a few recommendations to get you started. 38 Record how often you’re engaged with screens and technology. Note the time of day you’re most likely to log on and how you feel before and after. Accept that anxiety is a part of living. 39 Make a daily commitment to practice radical acceptance — the ability to accept reality without judgment. That doesn’t mean you approve of negative events and situations. Rather, you accept these circumstances as things you might not be able to change at this moment — or ever. A．Limit your social media and screen time. B．They focus their attention on specific goals. C．Be honest with yourself about your digital habits. D．Life is unpredictable and often beyond your control. E．Sometimes they miss out on a social event or lose touch with friends. F．Or they may have persistent fears that something bad is about to happen. G．Studies also show that too much time on social media is linked to greater anxiety. 【答案】35．G 36．F 37．E 38．C 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍焦虑症的成因及缓解建议。 35．根据上文的“According to the National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 19% of U.S. adults have been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. (根据美国国家心理健康研究所的数据，估计有 19% 的美国成年人被诊断出患有焦虑症。)”可知，开篇提及焦虑症的普遍性，结合下文的“A lack of in-person connection and interaction, time in nature and engagement in our communities is creating ‘digital anxiety.’(缺乏面对面的交流互动、接触自然的时间以及对社区的参与，正催生着‘数字焦虑’。)”可知，此空需衔接“焦虑症”与“数字焦虑”的关联。G选项“Studies also show that too much time on social media is linked to greater anxiety.(研究还表明，花太多时间在社交媒体上与更严重的焦虑有关。)”通过“also”补充研究结论，指出社交媒体使用与焦虑的联系，自然引出下文“数字焦虑”的具体成因。故选G项。 36．根据上文的“Those with generalized anxiety disorder might worry about their own safety or that of a loved one.(患有广泛性焦虑症的人可能会担心自己或亲人的安全。)”可知，此处列举焦虑症的具体表现，F选项“Or they may have persistent fears that something bad is about to happen.(或者他们可能一直担心坏事即将发生。)”中的“Or”表示并列，“persistent fears”“something bad”进一步补充焦虑症状，与上文“担心安全”形成平行结构，符合语境。故选F项。 37．根据上文的“People may also experience digital anxiety when separated from their phones. They might feel disconnected and worry about not knowing of possible threats like war or a natural catastrophe.(当人们与手机分离时，也可能会体验到数字焦虑。他们可能会感到与外界脱节，并担心自己无法知晓战争或自然灾害等潜在威胁。)”可知，此空需延续“数字焦虑”的具体影响。E选项“Sometimes they miss out on a social event or lose touch with friends.(有时他们会错过社交活动或与朋友失去联系。)”中的“miss out on social event”“lose touch”对应“disconnected”，补充了因脱离手机导致的社交问题，与上文“担心威胁”共同说明焦虑表现。故选E项。 38．根据下文的“Record how often you’re engaged with screens and technology. Note the time of day you’re most likely to log on and how you feel before and after.(记录你使用屏幕和科技产品的频率。记下你最可能登录的时间段，以及登录前后的感受。)”可知，本段建议“记录数字使用习惯”。C选项“Be honest with yourself about your digital habits.(如实看待自己的数字使用习惯。)”中的“digital habits”直接对应下文“记录频率、时间、感受”，作为主题句概括了段落核心——正视并记录自身习惯。故选C项。 39．根据段落主题句“Accept that anxiety is a part of living.(接受焦虑是生活的一部分。)”可知，此空需解释“接受焦虑”的原因，结合下文的“Make a daily commitment to practice radical acceptance — the ability to accept reality without judgment. That doesn’t mean you approve of negative events and situations. Rather, you accept these circumstances as things you might not be able to change at this moment — or ever. (每日承诺践行‘全然接纳’—— 即不加评判地接受现实的能力。这并不意味着你认同负面事件和境遇，而是将这些情况视为当下（甚至永远）可能无法改变的事实去接纳。)”可知，核心是“生活不可控”。D选项“Life is unpredictable and often beyond your control.(生活是不可预测的，且往往超出你的控制。)”直接点明不焦虑可预测且不可控制的本质，为“接受焦虑”提供逻辑依据，与下文“无法改变的现实”呼应。故选D项。 2025年 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.（2025年全国二卷）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37central____ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 【答案where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4.（2025年北京卷） However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ____18left ____ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 5.（2025年1月浙江卷）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ____63____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for ____64____ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean _____65_____ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装，而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服，她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供给旅行者，比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人，并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词less formal clothing，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 2024年 1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 63.【答案】as 【解析】考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 64.【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 65.【答案】richness 【解析】考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 2.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】largest 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 3.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 36.【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 5.【2024浙江1月卷】Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 2023年 1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.s 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect. 3.考查时态。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由上文Last Friday可知，应用一般过去时。故choose改为chose。 4.考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故that改为whose。 3.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 4.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”... 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 5. 【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 6. 【2023年全国甲卷】 She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun. 考查定语从句。句意：她甚至播放了一些它们唱歌的录音，这很有趣。此处非限制性定语从句修饰singing，从句缺少主语，指物，在故what改为which。 7.【2023年北京卷】Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$