第一部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT4 Exploring poetry（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

[对应学生用书P147] 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．clue n．线索，提示；迹象 2．cage vt.把(动物)关在笼中 n．笼子 3．remote adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的 4．undergo vt.(underwent, undergone)经历，经受 5．bend vi.& vt.(bent, bent) (使)拐弯，弯曲 n．拐弯，弯道 6．claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得 7．sigh n．& vi.叹气，叹息 8．dare vi.& vt.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事) 9．frost n．霜；霜冻，严寒天气 10．cast vt.(cast, cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n．全体演员；投，抛 11．owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债) 12．debt n．人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务 13．blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指 2．grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 3．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出 4．complex adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；复合体；情结 5．contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 6．interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译 7．aside adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外 8．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的 9．inner adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的 10．mist n．薄雾，水汽 11．ideal n．理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的 12．industrialization n．工业化 13．advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 14．era n．时代，年代 15．district n．区，行政区；地区，区域 16．legend n．传说，传奇故事；传奇人物 17．encounter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n.相遇，遭遇，冲突 18．numerous adj.众多的，许多的 19．boom n．(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣 vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛 20．liberty n．自由 21．entitle vt.(usually passive)给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格 22．triumph n．巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利 vi.打败，战胜，成功 23．unforgiving adj.棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．freeze v．结冰→frozen adj.结冰的；冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→ freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的 2．patient adj.有耐心的 n．病人→patience n．耐心，忍耐力 3．reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金→rewarding adj.有益的，值得做的 4．constant adj.不断的→constantly adv.始终，一直 5．novel n．(长篇)小说→novelist n．小说家 6. believe v．相信；认为→belief n．看法，信念； 信仰； 相信，信心→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的→unbelievably adv.难以置信地 7．glory n．荣誉；光荣→glorious adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的→gloriously adv. 光荣地 8．stable adj.稳固的； 牢固的→stability n．稳定(性)，稳固(性)→stabilize v．稳定，稳固→stabilization n．稳定；稳定化 9．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍；忍受；宽容→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 10．represent v．代表；象征→representative n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的 11．allow v．允许；允许进入→allowance n．津贴，补助；限额；零花钱 12．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的，高贵的 常用短语 1．dig up 发现，搜集，查明 2．set sth. aside 把……放一边；留出 3．break with sth. 与某事终止关联，破除 4．make allowance for 体谅；考虑到，估计到 5．pay attention to 注意 6．as long as 只要；与……一样长 7．out of place 不在适当的位置；不合适；不恰当；不协调 8．stick out 突出；坚持；醒目 9．have an impact on 对……有影响 经典句型 1．教材原句：Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. 句型：even if引导让步状语从句 翻译：即使你似乎无法理解诗歌的真正含义，你也总是可以说说在朗读这首诗时听起来如何。 2．教材原句：Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel, Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties. 句型：过去分词(短语)作状语 翻译：被强烈的冒险和游历欲望所驱使，李白在他刚20岁的时候就离开家，开始四处游历。 [对应学生用书P148] 词汇精讲 1　　grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 [归纳拓展] ①within sb.'s grasp 某人能理解/得到 beyond sb.'s grasp 某人不能理解/得到 have a good grasp of 非常理解/很好地掌握 ②grasp＋从句　理解…… grasp an opportunity/a chance 抓住机会 grasp hold of 抓住 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Steve has a good grasp of the German grammar. ②An agreement to end the war seems within their grasp so the two countries may not be at war soon. ③He grasped hold of the cord to support himself. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④我希望你能抓住这次机会进一步了解中国的传统文化。 I wish that you could grasp this opportunity/chance to learn traditional Chinese culture further. 2　　interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译 [归纳拓展] ①interpret sth. as sth. 把……理解为…… interpret for sb. 为某人翻译 ②interpretation n．解释；说明；理解；口译 ③interpreter n．口译者 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①I didn't know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal. ②He's a famous interpreter(interpret) of traditional Irish music. ③(2023·全国乙卷) ...he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation(interpret). [考点进阶]　完成句子 　④这条信息可以有很多不同的解释。 The message can be interpreted in many different ways. 3　　patience n．耐心，忍耐力 [归纳拓展] ①beyond one's patience无法忍受 out of patience不耐烦；失去耐心 with patience＝patiently耐心地 lose patience with对……失去耐心 ②patient adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的 n．病人 be patient with ...对……有耐心 ③patiently adv.耐心地 impatient adj.没有耐心的 impatiently adv.没有耐心地 impatience n．不耐烦，没有耐心 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①I have no patience with people who like to smoke in public places. ②She's very patient(patience) with young children. ③I hurried directly to my backyard，where an apple tree patiently(patient) waited for me. ④It would be wise to solve this problem with patience. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ⑤当一次又一次地被问到同样的问题时，他仍然耐心地回答。 →He still answered it patiently when he was asked the same question again and again. →He still answered it with patience when he was asked the same question again and again. 4　　reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金 [归纳拓展] ①as a reward (for) 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for为酬谢……；作为奖励 ②reward sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而奖赏某人 reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人 ③rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①He received a medal in reward for his bravery. ②They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers when the match ended. ③When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward). [考点进阶]　完成句子 　④坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报。 (2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Push through，give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life． 5　　advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 [归纳拓展] ①advocate (doing) sth.主张(做)某事 advocate that ...(should) do sth.主张……做某事 ②an advocate of sth.某事物的提倡者 an advocate for sb.某人的支持者 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①People should advocateimprovements(improve) in the way we use energy today. ②Many experts advocaterewarding(reward) your child for good behaviour. [考点进阶]　一句多译 　③我主张穿校服，因为它能反映我们学校的文化。 →I am an advocate of wearing the school uniform，because it can reflect the culture of our school.(advocate n．) →I advocate wearing the school uniform，because it can reflect the culture of our school.(advocate doing) →I advocate that we should wear the school uniform，because it can reflect the culture of our school.(advocate that ...) 6　　bend vi.& vt.(bent, bent) (使)拐弯，弯曲 n．拐弯，弯道 [归纳拓展] ①bend to/before sb./sth.向某人或某事屈服 be bent on (doing) sth.决心做某事；致力于做某事 bend one's mind/efforts to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事，专心致志于(做)某事 bend sb.to doing sth.说服某人做某事 bend down弯腰 ②bendy adj.易弯曲的；易折的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line ... ②He decided that he would bend his mind to his new job. ③Don't disturb him.He is bending his mind to writing(write) his composition. ④I bought my sister a bendy(bend) toy whose limbs bend in every direction last evening. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤不断地低头查看手机会损害人们的身体健康，症状包括眼睛疲劳、颈部和肩部疼痛、头痛和视力模糊。 Constantly bending heads to check mobile phones could harm people's physical health.Symptoms include eye strain, neck and shoulder pains, headaches and blurred vision. 7　　claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得 [归纳拓展] ①claim back 索回；要回 claim that ... 声称…… claim to do/to be ... 声称…… claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事 ②have a claim on/to对……有要求权 make no claim自认为不 make a claim for对……提出索赔 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①An explorer found this land and called it La Florida, and claimed(claim) it for Spain. ②Don't be taken in by products claiming(claim) to help you lose weight in a couple of weeks. ③Buy the special supplies for the company, and claim back their cost. ④Many people claimed to have seen(see) a UFO flying across the sky. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤地方当局最近否认了珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区被永久关闭的说法。同时，政府呼吁每个人关注目前的情况。 Local authorities have recently denied the claim that Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve was permanently closed. Meanwhile the government has called on everyone's attention to the present situation. ⑥很多人声称健康是他们幸福感的关键。正是健康使他们能够为所有重要的事情奠定坚实的基础。 A great many people claim that health is the key to their sense of happiness．It is health that enables them to build up a solid foundation for anything significant. 8　　distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众 [归纳拓展] ①distinguish ...from ...使……有别于…… distinguish between ...and ...把……和……区分开 distinguish oneself (as ...)(作为……)表现突出 ②distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for ...因……而出名 ③distinguishable adj.易分辨的；能区分的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①This task interdependence(任务相依性) distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. ②As far as I know, she has already distinguished herself as an athlete. ③Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished(distinguish) voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ④Reading good books can not only enrich our mind but also teach us to tell right from wrong. →Not only can reading good books enrich our mind，but it can also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong．(倒装句； distinguish) 9　　representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 [归纳拓展] ①a representative of ...……的代表 ②represent vt.代表；象征；表示；描绘 represent ...as/to be ...把……描绘成…… represent sb.to do sth.代表某人做某事 represent oneself as/to be ...自称是…… [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Last but not least, I feel it a great honour to represent my class to take(take) part in the speech contest. ②She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world. ③In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives(represent) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ④我想代表我们班级邀请你参加我们的郊游活动。 →On behalf of our class, I'd like to invite you to join us in the outing.(on behalf of) →I'd like to represent our class to invite you to join us in the outing.(represent) 10　　cast vt.(cast, cast) 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n．全体演员；投，抛 [归纳拓展] ①cast light on/onto sth. 阐明某事 ②cast doubt(s) on sth. 对某事产生怀疑 ③cast a look/glance at sb./sth. 快速地看一眼某人/某物 ④cast sb. in a role/a part 选某人扮演角色 ⑤cast about/around for sth. 四处寻找/苦苦思索某事物 ⑥cast ... aside 抛弃；丢弃 ⑦be cast down 不愉快，沮丧 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The research findings cast new light on/onto the origin of our universe. ②He sat down beside Ann and cast (cast) a look at her. ③In his latest film he was cast (cast) in the role of a poor farmer. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④不要让自己因实验中的一个小小的失败而沮丧，再试一次。 Don't let yourself be cast down by a small failure in the experiment. Try again. 11　　owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债) [归纳拓展] ①owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物 owe it to sb. to do sth.(认为)应该为某人做某事 owe ...to ...把……归因于/归功于…… ②owing to由于，因为 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①He owes his success to hard work and practice. ②You owe it to your staff to be honest with them. ③Owing(owe) to engine trouble, the plane had to make a forced landing. ④As far as I'm concerned, I owe him an apology. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤由于准备充分，这次成人礼取得了巨大的成功。 The coming­of­age ceremony was a great success owing to/thanks to/as a result of/because of/on account of full preparations. 12　　blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责 [归纳拓展] ①blame sb./sth. for sth.因……责备…… blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for sth.) (对某事)负有责任 ②put/lay the blame (for sth.) on sb./sth.把(某事的)责任归咎于某人/某事 take/accept/shoulder the blame for ...为……承担责任 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We went 10­1 and I was named most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame(blame) for Miller's accident. ②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. ③It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. [考点进阶]　一句多译 　④他说：“你不能把失败归咎于考试的难度。” →He said, “You can't blame your failure on the difficulty level of the exam.”(blame v．) →He said, “You can't put/lay the blame for your failure on the difficulty level of the exam.”(blame n．) 13　　make allowance for体谅；考虑到，估计到 [归纳拓展] ①make use of利用；使用 ②make contributions to ...对……作出贡献 ③make sense of理解，弄懂 ④make arrangements for ...为……做安排 ⑤make requests for ...请求……；要求…… ⑥make preparations for为……做准备 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①They are determined to make contributions(contribution) to public safety. ②It was very thoughtful of you to make all the necessary arrangements for us. ③Before that day, we would make preparations(preparation) for the activities. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④你必须体谅别人的心意。 You must make allowance for the regards of others. 句型精析 1　　even if引导让步状语从句 [归纳拓展] ①在even if/though引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句、从句都表示将来的动作，从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。 ②在even if/though引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①He came to say goodbye to me even if/though it was raining heavily. ②I will go to the beach even if/though it rains(rain) tomorrow. ③The man is so strange that he never speaks—even if asked(ask) to. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④尽管我们的活动没有那么重要，但是它们对保护我们的地球也是有作用的。 They can also make a difference in protecting our earth even if/though our activities are not so important． 2　　分词(短语)作状语 [归纳拓展] ①过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、方式、让步、条件、原因、目的等，过去分词往往表示一个被动或完成了的动作，和句子主语之间存在着被动关系。 ②现在分词(短语)作状语，往往表示一个正在进行着的或和谓语动词同时发生的动作，和句子主语之间是主动关系。有时为了使分词表示的意义更明确，可在分词前加上特定的连词，如when、 while、 if、 unless等。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Seen(see) from the pagoda(佛塔), the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees. ②He hurried to the hall, followed(follow) by two guards. ③Dressed(dress) in white, she suddenly appeared. ④He walked down the hill, singing(sing) softly to himself. ⑤The river is flowing peacefully, as if murmuring(murmur) a never­ending story. [考点进阶]　句式升级 　⑥John was absorbed in painting, and he didn't notice evening approaching. →Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.(分词短语作状语) [对应学生用书P154] 一、单词拼写 1．(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government­sponsored medical trains that travel to remote(遥远的) towns in central and eastern Russia. 2．In recent years, the movie industry has undergone(经历) a dramatic transformation. 3．He claimed(声称) that it was all a trick against him. 4．During autumn, these same mountains are flash gold, and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost(霜). 5．News of their triumph(伟大胜利) was flashed around the world. 6．His views have been expressed in numerous(许多的) speeches. 7．Living standards improved rapidly during the post­war boom(繁荣). 8．We encountered(碰到) a number of difficulties in the first week. 9．He advocates(提倡) streaming children, and educating them according to their needs. 10．We are faced with two apparently contradictory(相互矛盾的) statements. 二、单句填空 1．Mark the novelist(novel) whose major works are characterized by the romantic style. 2．I have broken with many activities in order not to be disturbed. 3．They have undergone(undergo) a number of changes in recent years. 4．Industrialization(industrialize) is doing harm to our environment and someone had better come up with a solution soon. 5．We advocate launching(launch) “Clear your plate” campaign to avoid waste. 6．We all hold the belief(believe) that those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular. 7．Mother laid the baby gently on the bed and then bent(bend) down to pick up the toy lying on the ground. 8．It is claimed(claim) that cars are something we cannot do without. 9．The news has spread to most districts(district) of the city. 10．No one will ever know what mix of talent，ambition，energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished(distinguish) writer. 三、短语填空 1．We should pay attention to(注意) small details, which can guarantee us to succeed in the end. 2．Judging from their speeches, Confucius Institutes have an impact on(对……有影响) the local people. 3．They've dug up(搜集) all kinds of old stories about her when she was young. 4．Some of these books are out of place(不在适当的位置), making the whole room messy. 5．It wasn't a happy period of his life, but he stuck it out(坚持). 6．The old couple tried to set aside(留出) some extra money for some purpose. 7．When you call overseas, make allowance for(考虑到) the time difference. 8．It took him unusual courage to make the break with(与某事终止关联) his family. 9．As long as(只要) you've paid in advance, we won't charge you for delivery. 四、完成句子 1．因为这个改编是一个相当大的挑战，所以我希望您能抽出一些时间来为我进行必要的修改。 Because the adaption is quite a challenge，I hope you can spare some time to make necessary changes for me. 2．如果给我一台时光机，我将访问未来。 Given a time machine, I will pay a visit to the future. 3．即使当时他得到了及时的救护，他的生命也无法挽救。 Nothing could have saved him even if he had been tended without delay. 4．意识到自己不能搬动那个重的手提箱，她请求我帮忙。 Realizing that she couldn't move the heavy suitcase alone，she asked me for help. 5．又有三位舞者随着音乐的节奏出现在舞台上。 Three more dancers appeared on stage, accompanied by the rhythm of music． 五、教材语法填空 Poetry is a 1.combination(combine) of “sound” and “sense”. If you want to reveal the hidden dimension, the following methods should 2.be adopted(adopt). First, even if its true meaning appears to be 3.beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. You can detect a rhythm, repeated words, rhymes and other special effects. Second, approach the poem as if you 4.were(be) an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem, such as 5.who is talking and who is being talked to and so on. Third, be 6.patient(patience) if you are struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem. Set the poem aside and come back to it later, then you can make your great discovery. Poems that 7.constantly(constant) reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings are more interesting. Finally, when you abandon logical thinking, you can discover its inner beauty. It is worth 8.making(make) efforts to perceive another level of meaning. Only in these 9.ways(way) can you enjoy your journey of the poetry, because poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you 10.to go(go) beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty. 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．上周日在我们学校礼堂进行了一场诗歌朗诵比赛。Nacy被选中作为我们班的代表去参加比赛。(representative) 2．刚开始，她很紧张，害怕做不好会受到责备，因此她去找老师寻求帮助并且每天练习。(be to blame) 3．最后，她被授予一等奖，她把成功归功于老师的帮助和自己的努力。(award; owe) [参考范文] A poetry reading contest was held in our school auditorium last Sunday. Nacy was selected as the representative of our class to participate in the competition. At first, nervous and afraid of being to blame for her bad work, she turned to the teacher for help and practiced every day. Finally, she was awarded first prize. She owed her success to the assistance of her teacher and her own efforts. [对应学生用书P156] 一、一词多义之freezing [金题速练] (1)Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.极冷的 (2)It's 20 degrees below freezing. 冰点 (3)It's freezing cold outside.极冷地 (4)We were forced to work outside in freezing conditions.天寒地冻的 (5)The point at which the solid and the liquid are in equilibrium(平衡) is called the freezing point.冰点 (6)Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather.冰冻的 [名师点津] [相关词块] (1)freezing point 冰点，凝固点 (2)freezing method 凝固法；冷凝法；冻结方法 (3)freezing cold 极冷 (4)frozen adj.冻僵；惊呆的 (5)be frozen with shock惊呆了 (6)be frozen stiff冻僵了 (7)frozen foods冷冻食品 [图说词义] We were frozen with shock, staring at him. 我们都惊呆了，瞪着他。 二、一词多义之character [金题速练] (1)A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.角色 (2)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one's strength, but also develop one's character.性格 (3)It is interesting that Chinese characters evolve.文字 (4) It's that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a remarkable character.人物 (5)The modern hotels here have no real character.(地方或人的)与众不同之处，特色 (6)He's begun a series of personal attacks on my character.名誉 (7) He showed great character returning to the sport after his accident.品质 [名师点津] [相关短语] (1)main characters主要人物 (2)cartoon characters卡通人物 (3)character development角色塑造 [图说词义] Any film­maker will tell you that they can't make a good movie without good character actors. 所有电影制片人都会告诉你，没有实力派的演员，他们就拍不出好的电影。 [课时作业(十六)见P338] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$