第一部分 必修第三册 UNIT2 Natural disasters（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

[对应学生用书P90] 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．hurricane n．飓风 2．conference n．会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 3．shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊 4．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓 5．supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供 6．charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 7．staff n．全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于 8．slide n．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 9．fund n．资金；基金 10．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．county n．郡，县 2．disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败 3．crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 4．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 5．exit vt.& vi.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开 6．stair n．楼梯；梯级 7．roll n．名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 8．hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 9．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续 10．tsunami n．海啸 11．odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 12．bubble n．泡沫，泡，气泡 13．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 14．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 15．typhoon n．台风 16．pole n．柱，杆；极 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．伤害→injured adj.受伤的 2．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.反应 3．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的→order n．顺序 4．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻 5．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n．证实 6．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于→occurrence n．发生的事情 7．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destruct v．破坏→destruction n．破坏 8．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息 9．shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的 10．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的 11．power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强大的；有力的→powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的 12．donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠→donor n．捐赠者 13．distant adj.遥远的→distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 14．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharpen vt.使锋利；弄尖 15．located adj.位于→locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)→location n．位置；地点 16．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职→retirement n．退休 17．curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇；好奇心 18．bear v．承受；支撑；承担；忍受；容忍→unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的 常用短语 1．at large 整个，全部 2．safe and sound 安然无恙的 3．occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中 4．keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷静 5．run out of 用完，耗尽 6．take the form of 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 7．break out 突然开始，爆发 8．far and wide 到处，各处 9．hold on to 坚持；紧紧抓住 10．on one's own 独自地 11．in case 以防；万一 12．roll call 点名 经典句型 1．教材原句：Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake. 句型：be doing ...when ... 正在做……这时…… 翻译：弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗正在上课，突然地面开始晃动。 2．教材原句：The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 句型：the moment引导时间状语从句 翻译：晃动一停止，布朗女士意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。 [对应学生用书P91] 词汇精讲 1　　injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 [归纳拓展] ①injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤员 ②injury n．伤；伤口；伤害 do sb./oneself an injury 伤害某人/自己 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①There were two people badly injured(injure) in the car accident. ②(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Once there，Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries(injure) in one of her knees. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ③His left foot was seriously injured, so he missed the important match. →With his left foot seriously injured，he missed the important match. (with复合结构) 2　　occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 [归纳拓展] ①sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想到某事 ②It occurs to sb. that ... 某人想到…… ③It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想到要做某事。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred(occur) billions of years ago. ②It occurred(occur) to me that I could have the book sent to him. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ③He just remembered that he had left his keys in his office. →It occurred to/struck/hit him that he had left his keys in his office. (it作形式主语) 3　　inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 [归纳拓展] 　①inform sb.of sth. 告诉某人某事 inform sb. that ... 通知/告诉某人…… inform on/against sb. 告发/检举某人 ②informed adj.有学问的；有见识的 keep sb. informed (of ...) 随时通知某人/使某人随时了解(……的)最新情况 ③information n．[U]消息；情报；信息 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①(2022·新高考 Ⅰ 卷)Any notice for a training partner should include such information(inform). ②I was informed(inform) that I won first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. ③I will inform you of my decision concerning price tomorrow. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④我写信通知你应该为即将到来的排球赛做准备。 I'm writing to inform you of the upcoming volleyball game that you are supposed to prepare for. 4　　shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊 [归纳拓展] ①in shock 震惊，吃惊；休克 be a shock to ... 使……吃惊 ②shocked adj.震惊的，惊讶的 be shocked at/by 对……吃惊 be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而吃惊 ③shocking adj.令人震惊的(常用来形容物) [考点初探]　用shock的适当形式填空 People were ①shocked to know that the little girl was killed in an accident. The ②shocking news ③shocked all the people around, which was also a ④shock to her father who was working abroad. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ⑤It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children. →What shocked me was to see how my neighbors treated their children.(what引导的主语从句) →It was a shock to see how my neighbors treated their children.(shock n．) 5　　curious adj.好奇的；奇特的 [归纳拓展] ①be curious to do sth.渴望做某事 be curious about sth.对某事感到好奇 It is curious that ... 奇怪的是…… ②curiosity n．好奇心，好奇 out of curiosity出于好奇 ③curiously adv.好奇地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The boy was curious about everything he saw. ②He always had a sense of curiosity(curious), wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner. ③If you want to know curiously(curious) about Australian cities, just read the book written by Dr.Johnson. ④As a matter of fact, I'm curious to know(know) what he said in the meeting. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ⑤We were curious about everything and we felt very excited on the farm. →Curious about everything, we felt very excited on the farm. (形容词短语作状语) 6　　distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 [归纳拓展] ①in the distance 在远方 at a distance of ... 在……远的地方 within walking distance 在步行距离之内 keep sb. at a distance 与某人疏远，与某人保持一定距离 keep one's distance from ... 与……保持距离 ②distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Glowing plants could reduce this distance(distant) and therefore help save energy. ②In the distance, you can see the cows eating the grass quietly. ③Mark was told to keep his distance from the girl across the street. ④Mr.Smith is kind to the workers in his factory, but after work he keeps them at a distance. ⑤(2022·全国甲卷)However, after I went to high school, somehow I became distant from him. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑥当他苏醒过来时，汽车的响声消失在远处。 When he came back to life, the sound of the car died away in the distance. ⑦我认为，购房时考虑与公共交通的距离是非常重要的。 As far as I am concerned, it is very important to consider the distance from public transport while buying a house. 7　　run out of 用完，耗尽 [归纳拓展] ①run across 偶然遇见；跑着越过，穿越 ②run after 追求，追赶 ③run away 突然离开，逃离 ④run into偶然遇见；遇到(困难)；撞上 ⑤run over 碾过，轧过 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. ②Lost in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him. ③A child ran across the road and the driver put on the brakes suddenly. ④The thief ran away and the policeman ran after him. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤每次我遇到困难时，他总是会帮助我摆脱困境。 Every time I ran into difficulty, he would help me out of trouble. ⑥如果我们继续浪费有限的资源，我们很快就会把它们用完。 If we keep wasting the limited resources, we will soon run out of them． 8　　keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷静 [归纳拓展] ①keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭 keep up with 赶上；不落在后面 keep it up 坚持下去 ②keep in touch with 与……保持联系 keep ...out of 使……不进入；使……不卷入某事 keep away from (使)不接近；远离 keep/bear sth.in mind 记住某事 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①You're doing very well, everybody. Keep it up! ②You should study hard to keep up with other students. ③Her illness kept her away from work for days. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④与朋友保持联系是交友的一个重要部分。 Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. ⑤最主要的是，面临危险要镇静。 Above all, keep your head in the face of danger. 9　　in case 以防；万一 [归纳拓展] ①in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话 ②in this case 在这种情况下 ③in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 ④in no case 决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) ⑤that's not the case 情况并非如此 ⑥as is often the case 情况常常如此，这是常有的事 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①In that case, I shall direct many good movies for the audience. ②I can think of many cases in which students know quite a few English words and expressions but can't write a good essay. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③那时，我数学考试不及格是常有的事。 As is often the case, I failed the math exam at that time. ④医生把自己的手机号码给了病人，以防他们需要医疗援助。 The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. 句型精析 1　　be doing ...when ...正在做……这时…… [归纳拓展] “be doing ...when ...”表示“正在做……这时……”，when 为并列连词，表示“这时”，相当于and at this/that time。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①I was walking(walk) on the street when I ran into Mr.White. ②I was about to visit you when you came to see me. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ③我正要放弃，这时老师鼓励我不要灰心。 →I was about to give up when the teacher encouraged me not to lose heart.(be about to do ...when ...) →I was on the point of giving up when the teacher encouraged me not to lose heart.(be on the point of doing ...when ...) 2　　the moment 引导时间状语从句 [归纳拓展] ①作连词，引导时间状语从句的名词短语有every time、each time、any time、next time、 the first time、 the moment、 the instant、 the second、 the minute、 the hour、 the day等。 ②有些副词，如directly、instantly、immediately等也可以引导状语从句。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The moment he got home, he got down to cleaning the house. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ②当我打开盒子的那一刻，我惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 →My eyes widened in great surprise as soon as I opened the box．(as soon as) →My eyes widened in great surprise the moment I opened the box．(the moment) →My eyes widened in great surprise immediately I opened the box．(immediately) →My eyes widened in great surprise instantly I opened the box．(instantly) [对应学生用书P95] 一、单词拼写 1．(2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I'm often asked by curious(好奇的) followers how to begin an art journey. 2．His guilty expression confirmed(证实) my suspicions. 3．Supplies(补给) of food are almost exhausted. 4．There is a fire exit(出口) on each floor of the building. 5．(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Beaming a warm smile at him，I gave him a big hug(拥抱) the moment I saw him. 6．Making a complaint is quite a simple procedure(程序). 7．Losing your job doesn't have to be such a disaster(灾难). 8．My immediate reaction(反应) was one of shock. 9．A girl was killed yesterday in a crash(碰撞) involving a stolen car. 10．As we all know，wallpaper is in general sold in rolls(卷). 二、单句填空 1．It is said that this kind of insect has some powerful(power) teeth. 2．The books donated(donate) by some scientists were sent to the village. 3．The boy explained that he did it just to satisfy his curiosity(curious). 4．Standing on the top floor, he could see the tall tower in the distance(distant). 5．The people who have been to the town say that its beauty is beyond description. 6．We will donate some books to the children rescued(rescue) from the flood. 7．Seeing the volcano in the distance erupting, the girls were scared(scare) to death. 8．He returned with the shocking(shock) news that many people were killed in the hurricane. 9．The boss asked his secretary to keep him informed of the process of the important project. 10．The newspaper YOUTH supplies me with a platform to broaden my horizons. 三、短语填空 1．It occurred to(浮现在脑海中) me that I had left the door unlocked. 2．They ran out of(用完) money and had to abandon the project. 3．They searched far and wide(到处) for the missing child. 4．When we talk about the world, we mean the world at large(整个). 5．Firstly，most of the strategy training took the form of(采取……的形式) lectures. 6．She still held on to(坚持) her job although many of her colleagues quitted. 7．All I'm hoping for is that wherever Trevor is he will come home safe and sound(安然无恙地). 8．If you keep your head(保持冷静), you will be all right. 9．It is reported that a big fire broke out(爆发) in our city last month. 四、完成句子 1．他一挖出一个罐子，就好奇地打开它，看看里面有什么。 The moment he unearthed a jar, he opened it curiously to see what it contained. 2．他在这条狭窄的路上开车很谨慎，以免撞到树干上。 He drove carefully in the narrow road in case he would crash into a trunk. 3．他突然想到，面对台风时，要保持冷静。 It occurred to him that he should keep his head in the face of a typhoon. 4．我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我的名字。 I was walking along the street when I heard my name called. 5．我们去了一个旅游目的地，结果却被告知飓风即将到来。 We went to a tourist destination, only to be informed that a hurricane was on its way. 五、教材语法填空 On 20 December, Sabrina and many other people were enjoying themselves on Goldshore Beach. However, Sabrina felt something strange. 1.It suddenly occurred to her that these were signs of an 2.approaching(approach) tsunami according to what she 3.had learned(learn) about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. Frightened 4.as she was, she kept her head. She informed her parents of the danger and insisted that her parents 5.talk(talk) to a safety officer. The officer 6.immediately(immediate) took action to persuade people to go away 7.before the huge waves crashed into the coast. 8.To her great relief, Goldshore Beach was the only local beach 9.to survive(survive) the disaster without any 10.loss(lose) of life. 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．昨天一场可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡，造成了巨大的破坏。 (非谓语动词作结果状语； damage) 2．许多房屋和道路被毁，使许多人受伤或无家可归。(非谓语动词作结果状语； destroy；injure) 3．更重要的是，死亡人数很多。 (the number of; death) 4．似乎要世界末日了！(It seemed as if ...; come to an end) 5．幸运的是，士兵们来帮助寻找幸存者，挖出一些被困在废墟中的人并埋葬死者。 (survivor; trap; in ruins; bury) 6．政府为在困境中的人们提供淡水、食物和住所。 (provide; shelter) [参考范文] A terrible earthquake hit my hometown yesterday, causing great damage.A lot of houses and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people injured or homeless.What's more, the number of deaths was large.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！Luckily, the soldiers came to help look for survivors, dig out some people who were trapped in ruins and bury the dead. The government provide fresh water, food and shelters for the people in need. [对应学生用书P97] 一、一词多义之case [金题速练] (1)In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it's the off­set training and living conditions that are raising concerns.情况 (2)Eyeing these headwinds, plastic­bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.证明；证据；理由 (3)Twenty­five officers are working on the case.案件 (4)I had my camera ready, just in case I saw something that would make a good picture.以防万一 (5)There's no point complaining now—we're leaving tomorrow in any case.无论如何；不管怎样 (6)As is often the case, people stare at their phones while waiting for buses.这是常有的事 [名师点津] [相关短语] (1)a court case 诉讼；待裁决的案件 (2)in case of＋n./从句　万一 (3)a pencil case 铅笔盒 (4)a jewellery case 首饰盒 (5)a packing case 包装箱；装货箱 二、as引导的状语从句 [金题速练] (1)因为我正忙着准备期末考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。 As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your email as soon as I received it.(as引导的原因状语从句) (2)我走得足够近，听到他们正在说汉语，然后我就像在中国可能做的那样，说了句“你好”。 I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just as I might do in China.(as引导的方式状语从句) (3)With time going on/by, he contented himself with a simple life. →As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life.(as引导的时间状语从句) (4)Though he is a child, he knows how to help others. →Child as he is, he knows how to help others.(as引导的让步状语从句) (5)要是他不像以前那样微笑的话，那他肯定是遇到了令他不高兴的事。 Something unpleasant must have happened to him if he didn't smile as he always did．(as引导的方式状语从句) (6)常言道：“罗马不是一日建成的。” As the old saying goes, “Rome wasn't built in a day.”(as引导的方式状语从句) [名师点津] as作连词时的用法总结 (1)意为“当……时候；随着”，引导时间状语从句。 (2)意为“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……；就像……”，引导方式状语从句。 (3)意为“因为；由于”，引导原因状语从句。 (4)意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 (5)用在“as ... as ...”句型中，意为“像……一样……” (第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)，引导比较状语从句。 [课时作业(十)见P320] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$