精品解析：2025届甘肃省白银市第十中学高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考猜题卷（一） 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman do? A. She's a laundrywoman. B. She's a shop assistant. C. She's a tailor. 2. What do the speakers probably both agree? A. The weather is so changeable. B. It will snow the next day. C. An activity can be planned today. 3. What will the woman do during the school holidays? A. Relax near a lake. B. Visit her grandparents. C. Care for the man's cats. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A former neighbor. B. A bookshop. C. A hobby. 5. How can the man be described? A. Diligent. B. Tough. C. Optimistic. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike about the house? A. The size. B. The location. C. The price. 7. What is the woman's suggestion? A. Waiting for a better deal. B. Getting a house inspection. C. Looking for a newer house. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where do microplastics come from? A. The food chain. B. Plastic products. C. New technologies. 9. What can people do to help solve the problem according to the woman? A. Use reusable bottles. B. Remove larger plastic items. C. Produce fewer skin care products. 10. What is a current effort against microplastics? A. Safe materials are being studied. B. Bans on plastics are being drafted. C. Packaging is required to carry a warning. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. TV host and guest. B. Teacher and student. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 12. What aspect of the company attracts the woman? A. Its software development. B. Its focus on work-life balance. C. Its training courses in innovation. 13. Which difficulty does the woman think she might have? A. Keeping up with trends. B. Managing projects efficiently. C. Building better working groups. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How do the speakers probably feel at the beginning of the conversation? A. Shy. B. Nervous. C. Excited. 15 Where are the speakers from? A. Manchester. B. London. C. Bristol. 16. What is Susan planning to do? A. Travel the world. B. Open a bakery. C. Get married. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When was the CineMajestic film festival first brought up? A. In the 1980s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1960s. 18. What does the speaker probably admire about the festival? A. Its commercial success. B. Its contribution to mainstream trends. C. Its support for creative and innovative films. 19. What can be found at CineMajestic? A. Mainstream films. B. Various film styles. C. Only experimental films. 20. What impressed the speaker most about this year's films at CineMajestic? A. The absence of international films. B. The films' similarities to mainstream cinema. C. The variety of voices and stories on exhibition. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A At the middle school level, there are many academic clubs in which students can participate. Students can choose clubs that focus on an area of interest. Mathcounts Club Mathcounts tries to increase excitement towards mathematics achievement. It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Schools select individuals and teams to participate in competitions. Local competitions are held in February with winners progressing to state competitions and then on to the national level. Mathcounts works to challenge student math skills, develop self-confidence and give rewards for their achievements. Envirothon The Envirothon program focuses on natural resources knowledge and exposes students to diverse environmental issues, ecosystems, and topography. The ecology field competition for five-member middle school teams offers competitions in wildlife, soils, forestry, current environmental issues and aquatics. Students work and learn in middle school clubs and can compete at the local and state level. Future Problem Solvers Future Problem Solvers is an academic club that uses a six-step process to solve problems that may happen in the future. Students who are in the talented and gifted program, who like to “think out of the box,” or who enjoy thinking about futuristic problems may like this club. Teams comprised of four students read future scenes and write up solutions in a booklet using the six-step process. Teams that score high enough can go to the state competition and then to the international competition. Builders Club Builders Club is open to any middle school student who wishes to perform community service. Each Builders Club is co-sponsored by a Kiwanis club and the middle school. The members learn by doing, and they learn organization, teamwork, and leadership. Builders Clubs can sponsor a “Teacher of the Year” program, provide a recycling collection point, organize canned food and clothing drives to support local shelters, adopt a resident at a local senior citizens home, adopt a highway, tutor, etc. Middle school academic clubs offer students a place to explore interests or talents. The clubs they join in middle school can help guide choices in high school and beyond. 1. Why do some students choose Mathcounts Club? A. To enjoying solving future problems. B. To be successful in science careers. C. To study environmental issues. D. To perform community service. 2. What can we know about the Builders Club? A. It is mainly sponsored by the middle school. B. It only accepts students with excellent academic performance. C. Its members can gain skills in organization, teamwork and leadership. D. Its members mainly learn theoretical knowledge about community service. 3. What is the common feature of the four clubs? A. Leadership. B. Problem-solving. C. Teamwork. D. Creativity. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了在初中阶段，学生可以参加的几个俱乐部及其特点和活动内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mathcounts Club部分中“Mathcounts tries to increase excitement towards mathematics achievement. It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers.(Mathcounts试图提高学生对数学成就的热情。它希望为学生在科学、技术、工程和数学职业上的成功奠定基础。)”可知，一些学生选择Mathcounts俱乐部是因为他们希望在科学职业上取得成功。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Builders Club部分中“The members learn by doing, and they learn organization, teamwork, and leadership.(成员们通过实践来学习，他们学习组织、团队合作和领导能力。)”可知，Builders Club的成员可以获得组织、团队合作和领导能力方面的技能。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mathcounts Club部分中“Schools select individuals and teams to participate in competitions.(学校选择个人和团队参加比赛。)”；Envirothon部分中“The ecology field competition for five-member middle school teams offers competitions in wildlife, soils, forestry, current environmental issues and aquatics.(针对五人制中学团队的生态领域竞赛提供了野生动物、土壤、林业、当前环境问题和水生生物方面的竞赛。)”；Future Problem Solvers部分中“Teams comprised of four students read future scenes and write up solutions in a booklet using the six-step process.(由四名学生组成的团队阅读未来场景，并使用六步过程在小册子中写出解决方案。)”以及Builders Club部分中“The members learn by doing, and they learn organization, teamwork, and leadership.(成员们通过实践来学习，他们学习组织、团队合作和领导能力。)”可知，这四个俱乐部的共同特点是都需要团队合作。故选C。 B I have been studying the French language for three years. This field of study has been the hardest but most precious of my life. I would put it above the study of writing simply because I started writing as a 6-year-old boy under my mother's guidance. I always "felt" I could write. I did not always "feel" I could study a foreign language effectively. But here I am, right now, in a French hotel. I spoke French at the border, when I checked in and when I went to get lunch. I fail to speak with fluency. I mishear words. I can't really use complicated grammar. But my words are perfectly understandable and serve their purpose. I feel, as I always do, like I am lost in the dark, but with each misstep, I find my way more clearly. I didn't feel it when reading French novels; I didn't feel it at school. I just felt it when I first arrived Paris. I'm emphasizing feelings because, when studying, they are as important as any reality. The fear of making mistakes feeds the hopeless and makes learners quit. It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard. The transformation to turn struggles into growth is what truly makes learning a life-changing journey. Maybe one day, someone will say something to me that I do not understand, and in that moment. I may feel a bit discouraged. But now, I feel a sense of being high. These moments of confidence and motivation are precious, for they remind me of how far I've come. They are not the norm（常态），though. The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing. 4. How does the author feel about making mistakes in French? A. Awkward. B. Hopeless. C. Competent. D. Rewarding. 5. According to the author, what is the real challenge in learning a language? A. Mastering complicated grammar. B. Overcoming the fear of making mistakes. C. Finding enough time to study. D. Understanding native speakers. 6. Why does the author emphasize feelings? A. To highlight his struggles in learning French. B. To show that positive thinking can drive growth. C. To illustrate that people should follow their hearts. D. To clarify his experience in mindset transformation. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The lows are always followed by highs. B. Feeling confident should be made a norm. C. Struggles are an essential part of learning. D. The ups are the real times when learning occurs. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过介绍自己学法语的经历论述了学习过程中的挣扎、错误以及与成长的关系。这些经历对个人学习成长很关键。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I spoke French at the border, when I checked in and when I went to get lunch. I fail to speak with fluency. I mishear words. I can't really use complicated grammar. But my words are perfectly understandable and serve their purpose.I feel, as I always do, like I am lost in the dark, but with each misstep, I find my way more clearly.(在边境，我用法语进行了登记入住，吃午饭的时候也说了法语。但我表达起来并不流利，有时会听错单词，也不能很好地运用复杂的语法结构。不过我的话语内容清晰易懂，也能达到预期的效果。我感觉就像往常一样，自己仿佛置身于黑暗之中，但每走错一步，我的方向就会更加清晰起来)”可知，作者认为在法语上犯错能让自己更清楚前进方向，所以对犯错持积极态度。D项表示“值得的”，与推断相吻合。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard.(学习语言本身并不难。难的是你当下所处状态下的自我认知，以及那种对自身永远无法改变的悲观看法，这些造成了学习的困难)”可知，作者认为真正的挑战不是语言本身，而是对犯错的恐惧和对自我能力的悲观信念。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I'm emphasizing feelings because, when studying, they are as important as any reality. The fear of making mistakes feeds the hopeless and makes learners quit. It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard. The transformation to turn struggles into growth is what truly makes learning a life-changing journey.(我之所以强调情感，是因为在学习过程中情感与任何现实因素一样重要。对犯错误的恐惧滋养了绝望，使学习者放弃。学习语言本身并不难。难的是你当下所处状态下的自我认知，以及那种对自身永远无法改变的悲观看法，这些造成了学习的困难。将挣扎转化为成长的过程，才是真正能让学习成为改变人生的旅程)”可知，作者强调情感是因为它很重要，将挣扎转化为成长，是正向积极的情感，促使学习变成改变人生的旅程。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据末段中的“The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing.(事实是，低谷是我更常遇到的。它们是学习过程的一部分，是塑造我们成为更好自己的转变的一部分。然而，正是通过这些低谷，我一直在学习和成长)”可推断，作者认为低谷是学习过程中的重要部分。C项表示“挣扎是学习过程中不可或缺的一部分”是对文章内容的同义转述，故选C项。 C Before joining Washington D. C.-based District Running Collective, Fallon Jones wasn’t a runner. “We were doing CrossFit then — there’s this group of people who run up the street.” says Jones. She was attracted after her first run with the group the following week. “I was in the slower pace group, but everybody was there at the end to cheer me on.” she adds. The first known running club, the Thames Hare and Hounds, was established in 1868 in London, promoting the sport as a social activity. Over the decades, running clubs have spread across Europe and North America, initially attracting competitive runners but gradually appealing to a broader audience seeking support, motivation and friendship. In recent years, online platforms have allowed runners to connect, making running more accessible and inclusive. Nowadays, conversational running is becoming a trend. Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move, is often associated with Zone 2 training, which involves an intensity of 60-70 percent of your maximum heart rate. Kristen Hislop, a certified running coach, says people often struggle to achieve this pace though it doesn’t feel like an “arduous” workout; it’s often much slower than you’d anticipate. “But while it isn’t especially challenging, doing low-intensity exercise regularly can build endurance (耐力) so you’ll be able to go longer and further,” says Hislop. “You’re also going to recover faster and reduce your risk of injuries.” Conversational running is also good for your relationships. “If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy,” says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice. This can lead to deeper conversations and stronger connections. Despite the benefits of running with others, finding the right run club to fit your needs is crucial. Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. “They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups,” she says. “As someone who’s approaching 40, it has been a blessing to find friends of all ages here at this stage in life.” 8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The popularity of running clubs. B. The origin of conversational running. C. The development of running clubs. D. The advances in fitness technologies. 9. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Exceptional. B. Annual. C. Rewarding. D. Tough. 10. What does Rachel Goldberg say about conversational running? A. It is a high-intensity exercise. B. It makes people willing to open up. C. It frees people of work stress. D. It enhances people’s mental clarity. 11. What attracts Jones best about District Running Collective? A. Its capability to group. B. Its access to local cultures. C. Its promising future. D. Its obvious health benefits. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Fallon Jones的经历，介绍了她从非跑步者到加入跑步俱乐部的转变，以及跑步俱乐部如何吸引不同人群、促进社交和提供心理和身体上的益处。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容，特别是首句“The first known running club, the Thames Hare and Hounds, was established in 1868 in London, promoting the sport as a social activity.(第一个为人所知的跑步俱乐部，泰晤士猎兔犬俱乐部，成立于1868年的伦敦，将这项运动推广为一种社交活动)”可知，本段主要讲述了跑步俱乐部的发展历程，从最初的伦敦俱乐部到现在在欧洲和北美的广泛传播。C选项“The development of running clubs.(跑步俱乐部的发展)”符合题意。故选C。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“people often struggle to achieve this pace though it doesn’t feel like an ‘arduous’ workout; it’s often much slower than you’d anticipate.(人们很难达到这种速度，尽管它感觉起来并不像是“arduous”的锻炼；它通常比你预期的要慢得多)”可知，此处构成让步关系，即虽然这种速度感觉起来并不艰难，但人们还是很难达到，由此它通常比预期要慢得多。因此划线词与D选项“Tough.(艰难的)”为同义词。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Conversational running is also good for your relationships. ‘If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy,’ says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice.(边跑边聊对你的关系也有好处。“如果你离某人很近，但不必与他们面对面，你可能会更愿意表达自己，或者你可能会觉得不那么害羞，”获得执照的家庭治疗师Rachel Goldberg说，她会将边走边谈的环节融入她的实践中)”可知，Rachel Goldberg认为边跑边聊可以让人们更愿意表达自己，减少害羞感。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. ‘They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups,’ she says.( Jones在第一次外出后就知道她的俱乐部很适合她。“他们在解释不同的速度组别方面做得很好，”她说。)”可知，Jones认为这个跑步俱乐部最好的地方是它能够根据速度进行分组，让她找到了适合自己的群体。故选A。 D Many concepts that are central to the human experience are abstract, such as relationships, ideas, and time — things we can’t directly see or touch. We commonly use concrete language to talk and think about these things, often through metaphors. Using metaphors is far more than a poetic device of factual statements. A study conducted at Purchase College found that metaphors can frame people’s perspectives, thus shaping their reasoning and subsequent actions. For example, describing the effort to stop climate change as a “war” rather than a “race” caused people to feel more urgency about reducing emissions. Another example is the lightbulb metaphor commonly used to describe new ideas, suggesting that new thoughts appear suddenly like a light switch being turned on. However, this metaphor implies that new ideas come effortlessly and are accessible only to a select few geniuses, such as Isaac Newton, who supposedly developed his theory of gravity from a sudden insight about a falling apple. It may lead people to question their capability to generate new ideas, and as a behavioral consequence, people may underestimate the role of hard work and continuous learning in bringing about change. An alternative way to describe ideas is by comparing new thoughts to seeds that fall on fertile ground and if cared for will grow and develop over time. Different from the lightbulb metaphor, the seed metaphor implies an understanding that generating new ideas is a laborious process, which requires time and effort. It also suggests that anybody can be the cultivator of ideas as long as they put their mind to it. The subtle effects of metaphors show how powerful language can be, even though we often don’t realize it. Who’d have thought a simple use of a lightbulb metaphor could profoundly affect how we understand the concept of innovation? Given the nature of our metaphorical minds, it is worth asking: are our metaphors suitable? We owe it to ourselves and others to use metaphors appropriately. These choices, conscious or not, can be constructive or destructive. 12. What does the study find about metaphors? A. They help clarify abstract concepts. B. They may cause some misunderstanding. C. They make language more poetic and vivid. D. They can influence people’s minds and behavior. 13. Why is the example of “lightbulb metaphor” quoted in paragraph 3? A. To raise some doubt about metaphors. B. To highlight improper use of metaphors. C. To illustrate poetic functions of metaphors. D. To demonstrate the influence of metaphors. 14. How does the “seed metaphor” differ from the “lightbulb metaphor”? A. It suggests consistent efforts of individuals. B. It attaches great significance to natural talent. C. It arouses people’s awareness of their creativity. D. It simplifies the process of generating new ideas. 15. What is author’s attitude towards the use of metaphors? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Cautious. D. Ambiguous. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文。主要通过举例和分析来探讨隐喻在语言和思维中的作用，以及不同隐喻如何影响人们的理解和行为。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“A study conducted at Purchase College found that metaphors can frame people’s perspectives, thus shaping their reasoning and subsequent actions. (Purchase学院进行的一项研究发现，隐喻可以塑造人们的视角，进而影响他们的推理和后续行为。)”可知，研究发现隐喻能够影响人们的思维和行为。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Another example is the lightbulb metaphor commonly used to describe new ideas, suggesting that new thoughts appear suddenly like a light switch being turned on. However, this metaphor implies that new ideas come effortlessly and are accessible only to a select few geniuses… It may lead people to question their capability to generate new ideas, and as a behavioral consequence, people may underestimate the role of hard work and continuous learning in bringing about change. (另一个例子是常用于描述新想法的灯泡隐喻，暗示新想法像打开电灯开关一样突然出现。然而，这个隐喻暗示新想法来得不费吹灰之力，只有少数天才才能拥有……这可能会导致人们质疑自己产生新想法的能力，并因此低估努力工作和持续学习在带来变化中的作用。)”可知，引用灯泡隐喻这个例子是为了说明隐喻如何影响人们对新想法产生过程的理解，即证明隐喻的影响力。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Different from the lightbulb metaphor, the seed metaphor implies an understanding that generating new ideas is a laborious process, which requires time and effort. It also suggests that anybody can be the cultivator of ideas as long as they put their mind to it. (与灯泡隐喻不同，种子隐喻暗示了一种理解，即产生新想法是一个需要时间和努力的艰苦过程。它还表明，只要用心，任何人都可以成为思想的培育者。)”可知，种子隐喻与灯泡隐喻不同之处在于它暗示个人需要持续的努力。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The subtle effects of metaphors show how powerful language can be, even though we often don’t realize it. Who’d have thought a simple use of a lightbulb metaphor could profoundly affect how we understand the concept of innovation? Given the nature of our metaphorical minds, it is worth asking: are our metaphors suitable? We owe it to ourselves and others to use metaphors appropriately. These choices, conscious or not, can be constructive or destructive. (隐喻的微妙影响显示了语言的强大力量，尽管我们常常没有意识到这一点。谁会想到一个简单的灯泡隐喻会深刻地影响我们对创新概念的理解？鉴于我们思维的隐喻性，值得一问的是：我们的隐喻是否合适？我们有责任对自己和他人适当地使用隐喻。这些选择，无论是有意识还是无意识的，都可能是建设性的或破坏性的。)”可知，作者对隐喻的使用持谨慎态度，认为应该恰当地使用隐喻，因为无论是有意识还是无意识的，隐喻都可能是建设性的或破坏性的。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the widespread use of computers, increasing students type with a greater-than-ever reliance on them to take notes and write papers. ____16____ Some parents of younger students are dismayed that their children are not just encouraged but required to take laptops to class. Additionally, university professors complain of rampant (泛滥的) distraction in classrooms, with students reading and messaging instead of listening to lectures. A line of research shows the benefits of an “innovation” that predates computers handwriting. Especially, studies have found that writing on paper can better students’ performance. ____17____ For learning materials by note (死记硬背), from the shapes of letters to the irregularity of English spelling, the benefits of using a pen or pencil lie in how the motor and sensory memory of putting words on paper reinforces that material. ____18____ In a study from 2014 by Pam Mueller and Danny Oppenheimer, students typing wrote down almost twice as many words and more passages word for word from lectures. It suggested they didn’t understand so much as rapidly copying the material. However, handwriting — which takes longer for nearly all university-level students — forces note-takers to transform ideas into their own words. ____19____ Those taking notes by hand also allows students to perform better on tests when they are later able to study from their notes. Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. For instance, about half the states in America have required more teaching of handwriting. ____20____ Although nearly all will eventually need typing skills, in an age of typing, handwriting still matters. A. Studies have found that handwriting can benefit a lot. B. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing. C. But today a different debate is raging about the dangers of typing. D. In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting books and fewer devices. E. However, several schools in America have gone so far to ban most laptops. F It helps students recall a random series of words and grasp complicated concepts better. G. One of the best-demonstrated advantages of handwriting seems to be in superior note-taking. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在计算机广泛使用的背景下，手写相较于打字在学生学习方面具有显著优势，且政策制定者已关注到这一点。 【16题详解】 由上文“With the widespread use of computers, increasing students type with a greater-than-ever reliance on them to take notes and write papers.(随着计算机的广泛使用，越来越多的学生依赖计算机打字来记笔记和写论文，其依赖程度超过了以往任何时候。)”以及下文“Some parents of younger students are dismayed that their children are not just encouraged but required to take laptops to class. Additionally, university professors complain of rampant (泛滥的) distraction in classrooms, with students reading and messaging instead of listening to lectures.(一些低年级学生的家长感到沮丧的是，他们的孩子不仅被鼓励，而且被要求带笔记本电脑上课。此外，大学教授抱怨课堂上学生注意力严重分散，学生们忙着阅读和发信息，而不是听讲座。)”可知，本空应与计算机使用的争议相关，强调打字带来的问题。C选项“But today a different debate is raging about the dangers of typing.(但如今，一场关于打字危害的不同争论正在激烈进行。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 由上文“Especially, studies have found that writing on paper can better students’ performance.(特别是，研究发现，在纸上书写可以提高学生的表现。)”可知，本空应具体说明手写如何提高学生表现，F选项“It helps students recall a random series of words and grasp complicated concepts better.(它帮助学生回忆任意一系列的单词，并更好地掌握复杂的概念。)”具体阐述了手写对学生学习方面的益处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 【18题详解】 由下文“In a study from 2014 by Pam Mueller and Danny Oppenheimer, students typing wrote down almost twice as many words and more passages word for word from lectures. It suggested they didn’t understand so much as rapidly copying the material. However, handwriting — which takes longer for nearly all university-level students — forces note-takers to transform ideas into their own words.(在Pam Mueller和Danny Oppenheimer 2014年的一项研究中，打字的学生记下的单词几乎是用笔记录的学生的两倍，而且更多讲座内容是逐字记录的。这表明他们并没有理解，只是在快速抄写材料。然而，对于几乎所有大学生来说，手写需要更长的时间，这迫使记笔记的人将想法转化为自己的语言。)”可知，本段主要围绕手写在记笔记方面的优势展开，G选项“One of the best-demonstrated advantages of handwriting seems to be in superior note-taking.(手写最明显的优势之一似乎在于记笔记更出色。)”能够概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选G。 【19题详解】 由上文“However, handwriting — which takes longer for nearly all university-level students—forces note-takers to transform ideas into their own words.(然而，对于几乎所有大学生来说，手写需要更长的时间，这迫使记笔记的人将想法转化为自己的语言。)”可知，本空应进一步说明手写迫使记笔记者将想法转化为自己语言所带来的好处，B选项“This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing.(这有助于在书写时进行概念理解。)”说明了手写带来的好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 由上文“Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. For instance, about half the states in America have required more teaching of handwriting.(许多研究已经证实了手写的好处，政策制定者也注意到了这一点。例如，美国大约一半的州要求加强手写教学。)”可知，本空应举例说明其他国家在政策方面对手写的重视，D选项“In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting books and fewer devices.(在瑞典，人们呼吁增加手写书籍，减少电子设备的使用。)”进一步说明了政策制定者对手写的关注，能承接上文，符合题意，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Six years as a space reporter taught me that chaos rules everything. Nothing is completely predictable or controlled. I have watched enough go wrong to know that no view of a celestial (天空的) event is ever truly promised to us ____21____ on the Earth. So when my mother and I decided to drive out to Erie, Pennsylvania, to see the April 8 total solar eclipse (日全食) this year, I knew this would be a trip of two ____22____ attitudes. I’d be ____23____ about the weather and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would ____24____ and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives. I told her not to ____25____ the universe for this one; she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else. I was once again humbled into a ____26____ I’ve learned time and time again — Mama knows best. Erie’s forecast that morning was looking ____27____, but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p. m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear. The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly crested (达到顶峰), concentrating into a ____28____ orange glow. The eclipse ____29____ at 3:16 p. m. A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle. The sunset-like _____30_____ glowed and bloomed in the distance. I could spot solar prominences (日珥) sticking out from the sides of the sun _____31_____ slightly bright red and pink. Jupiter and Venus also played roles in this performance. It felt like bearing _____32_____ to something close to a miracle. Four minutes later, the eclipse _____33_____. The sun brightened again. And the clouds _____34_____ violently, swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray. But for four incredible minutes, the universe seems to have _____35_____ a promise to my mother. 21. A. analysts B. investigators C. astronauts D. observers 22. A. consistent B. amusing C. conflicting D. agreeable 23. A. pessimistic B. confused C. optimistic D. curious 24. A. lose B. delay C. fail D. win 25. A. feed on B. take on C. settle on D. count on 26. A. plan B. lesson C. practice D. skill 27. A. usual B. terrible C. average D. beautiful 28. A. dull B. faint C. weak D. fierce 29. A. disappeared B. struck C. died D. exploded 30. A. colors B. shapes C. circuits D. scenes 31. A. on B. in C. with D. for 32. A. witness B. tolerance C. relation D. reference 33. A. continued B. progressed C. ended D. ticked 34. A. returned B. quit C. left D. faded 35. A. lost focus on B. made good on C. took account of D. kept track of 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者作为一名太空记者，经历过无数次突发状况，因此对这次日食之旅持悲观态度，认为他们可能会错过观测机会。而作者的母亲则充满信心，相信他们一定能看到日食。作者劝母亲不要对宇宙抱有太多期望，而母亲则表示她不会相信其他任何可能性。最终，作者再次被卷入了一个他早已熟悉的教训，那就是妈妈永远是对的。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我目睹了太多的错误，这让我知道，我们地球上的观测者从来没有真正看到过预测的任何天体事件。A.analysts分析师；B. investigators调查人员；C. astronauts宇航员；D. observers观察员。根据上文“Six years as a space reporter taught me”可知，作者的工作就是观察太空。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我和母亲决定今年开车去宾夕法尼亚州的伊利看4月8日的日全食时，我知道这将是一次充满两种矛盾态度的旅行。A. consistent一致的；B. amusing有趣的；C. conflicting冲突的；D. agreeable令人愉快的；同意的。根据下文“I’d be __3__ about the weather and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would _4_ and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives.”可知，作者很悲观，与母亲的信心是冲突的。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会对天气感到悲观，相信我们会成为支配世界的随机性的受害者，而我妈妈则坚信秩序会获胜，天空会让我们平生第一次看到这样的日食。A. pessimistic悲观的；B. confused困惑的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. curious好奇的。根据第一段中“I have watched enough go wrong to know that no view of a celestial(天空的) event is ever truly promised to us observers on the Earth.”及下文“convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world”可知，作者认为预报的日食现象不会发生，他们会成为随机性的受害者，对此次观测日食活动是悲观的。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会对天气感到悲观，相信我们会成为支配世界的随机性的受害者，而我妈妈则坚信秩序会获胜，天空会让我们平生第一次看到这样的日食。A. lose丢失，失去；B. delay耽搁，延误；C. fail失败；不及格；D. win赢得，获得。根据上文“and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would…”及空后“and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives.”可知，作者认为他们会成为randomness (随机性) 的受害者，“while(而)”表明母亲的观点和作者是相反的，她应该认为order(秩序，规则)会赢，预报的日全食会如约而来，即规则会获胜。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉她这次不要信赖宇宙；她告诉我她不会依赖其他任何东西。A. feed on以……为食；B. take on承担，接受；呈现；C. settle on达成一致；定居；决定；D. count on依赖。根据下文“she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else.”可知，作者让母亲不要信赖宇宙，depend on与count on为近义词呼应。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又一次谦卑地接受了我一次又一次学到的教训——妈妈最知道。A. plan计划；B. lesson课；教训；C. practice训练；做法；实践；D. skill技能；技术。根据下文定语从句“I’ve learned time and time again”可知，这里指作者从中学到道理，得到教训。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天早上伊利的天气预报看起来很糟糕，但下午2点刚过，太阳和月亮开始第一次接触时，城市海湾上空的云开始散去。A. usual通常的；B. terrible糟糕的；可怕的；C. average平均的；一般的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p. m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear.”可知，转折后表示天空的乌云开始散去，天气转晴，由此推测前面应该是当地气象局预报天气不好。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在日食镜头下，淡黄色的太阳迅速达到顶点，汇聚成强烈的橘黄色光芒。A. dull枯燥的，无聊的；B. faint虚弱的；C. weak虚弱的；差的；D. fierce凶猛的，猛烈的。根据上文“The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly crested(达到顶峰)…”可知，太阳达到顶峰，应该是光照很强烈。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：日食发生在下午3点16分。A. disappeared消失；B. struck袭击；来到，到达；C. died死；D. exploded爆炸。根据下文“A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle.”可知，日全食开始了。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：落日般的色彩在远处发光绽放。A. colors颜色；B. shapes形状；C. circuits电路；D. scenes场景；幕。根据空前的“sunset-like”下文“glowed and bloomed in the distance.”及“slightly bright red and pink”可知，此处在描写天空中呈现的颜色。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我可以看到太阳的日珥从太阳的侧面伸出来，呈亮红色和粉红色。A. on在……之上；B. in在……里；C. with和……一起；D. for为了。后面是颜色“bright red and pink”，介词in可以加颜色表示物体表面的颜色。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉就像见证了一个近乎奇迹的事情。A. witness证据，见证；目击者；B. tolerance容忍；C. relation关系；D. reference参考。根据上文“The sunset-like colors glowed and bloomed in the distance. I could spot solar prominences(日珥) sticking out from the sides of the sun _in_ slightly bright red and pink. Jupiter and Venus also played roles in this performance.”可知，作者亲眼见证了日全食，之前他认为不可能预报这么准，bear witness to“见证”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：四分钟后，日食结束了。A. continued继续；持续；B. progressed进展；进步；C. ended结束；D. ticked打勾。根据下文“The sun brightened again.”可知，日全食结束了。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：云彩猛烈地返回，把月亮、太阳和天空都吞灭了。A. returned返回；归还；B. quit停止；辞职；C. left离开；D. faded逐渐消失；变淡。根据第七空后的“the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear.”及空后“swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray.”可知，日食现象发生前是有云的，只是突然散去，太阳月亮出现，并发生了日食，而此处日食结束，云又回来了，遮蔽了天空。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在不可思议的四分钟里，宇宙似乎兑现了对我母亲的承诺。A. lost focus on不能专注于；B. made good on履行，实现；C. took account of考虑到；D. kept track of跟踪记录；及时了解……的动态。根据上文第4空句子“while my mom would have strong faith that order would _4_ and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives.”可知，母亲坚信天空会让他们看到日全食，此处空后宾语是a promise to my mother.，这里应该是指作者和母亲真地目睹了预报的日全食，宇宙实现了诺言。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thousands of years ago, texts appeared on animal bones, bronzes, bamboo slips, and silk brocades (织锦) before they were written ____36____ paper. But now these ancient Chinese texts have a “new container” in the modern age. Recently, a research team from Nanjing Agricultural University has rolled ____37____ Xunzi, a large language model (LLM) and Xunzi Chat in association with Gulian, a ____38____ (lead) ancient Chinese text publisher. Wang Dongbo, the leader of the research team, said that the large language model ____39____ (name) after Xunzi ____40____ Xunzi was not only an acknowledged Confucian philosopher during the late Warring States Period (475-221BC), but also a pioneer in presenting and explaining theories of linguistics in ancient China. When ____41____ (ask) why he and his partners made the large language model, Wang explained that “traditional Chinese characters, vertical layout (竖版), the ____42____ (absent) of pausing and punctuation (句读) are all obstacles that readers have to overcome when they read traditional texts”. ____43____ (create) Xunzi the LLM, Wang and his partners first needed to do a lot of research. Since 2013, his team has worked ____44____ (tire) to digitize Chinese classics like the Siku Quanshu, or the Complete Library in Four Sections. “The hard work involves a large-scale corpus (语料库) of two billion Chinese characters, ____45____ has laid a solid foundation for the large language model,” said Wang. 【答案】36. on 37. out 38. leading 39. was named 40. because 41. asked 42. absence 43. To create 44. tirelessly 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南京农业大学研究团队推出以荀子命名的大型语言模型及其研发背景。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：几千年前，文字出现在动物骨头、青铜器、竹简和丝绸织锦上，然后才写在纸上。此处表示“在……上”，应用介词on。故填on。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：近日，南京农业大学的一个研究团队与领先的古籍出版商古联合作，推出了大型语言模型“荀子”和“荀子聊天”。roll out为固定短语，表示“推出”。故填out。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词publisher，应用形容词leading“领先的”，作定语。故填leading。 【39题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：研究团队负责人王东波表示，这个大型语言模型以荀子命名，因为荀子不仅是战国晚期（公元前 475-221 年）公认的儒家哲学家，也是中国古代语言学理论的提出和阐释的先驱。that引导的宾语从句描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，且主语the large language model与动词name“命名”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was named。 【40题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意同上。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，应用because。故填because。 【41题详解】 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当被问及他和他的合作伙伴为什么要制作这个大型语言模型时，王解释说：“繁体字、竖版排版、没有句读，这些都是读者阅读传统文本时必须克服的障碍。”当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。本句中，when引导的时间状语从句完整形式为when he was_____ (ask)，he与ask为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填asked。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。此处作主语，表示“没有”，应用名词absence。故填absence。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了创建荀子大型语言模型，王和他的合作伙伴首先需要做大量的研究。本句谓语为needed，此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用create“创建”的不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To create。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：自2013年以来，他的团队不知疲倦地工作，将《四库全书》等中国经典数字化。此处修饰动词work，应用副词tirelessly“不知疲倦地”，作状语。故填tirelessly。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“这项艰苦的工作涉及20亿汉字的大规模语料库，为大型语言模型奠定了坚实的基础，”王说。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词corpus，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动。请你写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品，内容包括： 1. 作品描述； 2. 创作缘由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear classmates, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文1 Dear classmates, I’m honored to share our handicraft work with you. It’s a delicate paper-cut artwork in the shape of a Chinese zodiac rabbit. We cut out the rabbit’s vivid outline and added intricate patterns like flowers and lucky knots. We chose to make it because the rabbit symbolizes good luck and vitality in Chinese culture. Also, paper-cutting is a traditional art form that we hope to promote. Through this work, we not only had fun but also deepened our understanding of our cultural heritage. That’s all. Thank you! 范文2 Dear classmates, I’m delighted to stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group. Our creation is a set of delicate paper-cut lanterns. Each lantern is meticulously crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditional Chinese flowers and auspicious animals, which are cut out with great precision. We made these lanterns mainly because we wanted to preserve and promote traditional Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is a time-honored folk art in China, and lanterns symbolize joy and good fortune in our cultural traditions. By making paper-cut lanterns, we not only got a chance to practice traditional handicrafts but also aimed to spread the beauty of Chinese culture among our classmates. That’s all for my introduction. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品。内容包括：作品描述和创作缘由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→glad 生动的：vivid→lifelike 代表： symbolize→standing for 机会： chance→opportunity 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m delighted to stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group. 拓展句：I’m delighted that I can stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Each lantern is meticulously crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditional Chinese flowers and auspicious animals, which are cut out with great precision.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】By making paper-cut lanterns, we not only got a chance to practice traditional handicrafts but also aimed to spread the beauty of Chinese culture among our classmates.（运用了并列连词not only...but also） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Elaine walked out the door of Petty’s Fine Foods, clutching a bag of pies. She was not a fearful person. But as she headed toward her parked car, the graying grandmother of three couldn’t help noticing two young men trailing behind her on the sidewalk. “Are they following me?” she wondered. It was a sunlit May afternoon in Utica Square,an upmarket shopping complex — hardly the time or place for street crime. Elaine shook off her fear. There are dozens of people around here. I’m not in any danger. But as she shifted her bag and opened the door to her Toyota, one of the men rushed up to the car. He blocked her in on one side, while the other pushed her and then wordlessly ripped the white leather bag from her shoulder.Both men took off running. Inside the bag were her credit cards and $11. But that’s not what made her frantic. The robbers had her house keys and driver’s license — with her address. Elaine’s six-year-old grand-daughter was at home with the nanny (保姆). Extremely angry, she screamed, “They stole my purse!” About 15 feet away, Erin had just emerged from the post office. Erin often worked with elderly clients who also looked to her for emotional support. Erin had a good understanding of their loneliness, listened to their concerns. Now she heard the terror in Elaine’s voice and saw the two men running across the lot. They’re going to be gone if someone doesn’t do something, she realized. The other shoppers seemed unaware. So Erin made a quick call. She’d make enough noise to get everyone’s attention. Hopefully somebody would stop the thieves. At 50 Erin was by no means an athlete. Nor was she dressed for a chase. Still, she had to keep the men in sight until help arrived. Clutching her purse and wallet in one hand and her stamps in the other, she sprinted after them. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Those two guys stole a woman’s purse!” she screamed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the women had the guys trapped in the Starbucks bathroom, they waved at security guards. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: “Those two guys stole a woman’s purse!” she screamed. Instantly, bystanders reacted. Several men nearby began to chase the thieves. Erin took the lead in the pursuit, calling out directions. The crowd grew, united in stopping the crime. Cornered near Starbucks, the thieves looked desperate. Their escape route was cut off by determined shoppers and workers. When the women had the guys trapped in the Starbucks bathroom, they waved at security guards. Elaine arrived, clutching her bag, tears of relief in her eyes. “Thank you,” she said to Erin. Security guards took over, ensuring the robbers couldn’t flee. Soon, the police arrived and arrested them. As people dispersed, many praised Erin’s bravery. “You protected my family,” Elaine added gratefully. Erin smiled, “We need to look out for each other.” Their actions turned a frightening event into a story of community spirit. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Elaine和Erin两位女性为主线，讲述了在Utica Square购物广场发生的一场惊心动魄的抢劫事件，Elaine遭遇抢劫，不仅失去了财物，更因丢失含有家中钥匙和地址的驾照而陷入恐慌，与此同时，Erin挺身而出，在听到Elaine的呼救后，不顾个人安危，勇敢追捕逃窜的窃贼。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘那两个人抢了一个女人的包！’她尖叫道。”可知，第一段可描写Erin接下来是如何做的以及周围的人听到喊声后的行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“当女人们将窃贼困在星巴克的洗手间时，她们向保安挥手示意。”可知，第二段可描写在众人的帮助下抓住窃贼，拿到Elaine的包以及Elaine如何做的，人们对Erin的表现有何反响。 2.续写线索：群众一起追窃贼——将窃贼逼近星巴克——保安接管——警察逮捕窃贼——Elaine表示感谢——群众赞扬Erin——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①反应：react/respond/retaliate ②切断：cut off/block/interrupt ③紧抓：clutch/grasp/grab 情绪类 ①绝望：desperate/hopeless/helpless ②感激：gratefully/thankfully/appreciatively 【点睛】[高分句型1] Erin took the lead in the pursuit, calling out directions.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2] Elaine arrived, clutching her bag, tears of relief in her eyes.（运用了现在分词短语作状语和独立主格结构） [高分句型3] As people dispersed, many praised Erin’s bravery.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考猜题卷（一） 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman do? A. She's a laundrywoman. B. She's a shop assistant. C. She's a tailor. 2. What do the speakers probably both agree? A. The weather is so changeable. B. It will snow the next day. C. An activity can be planned today. 3. What will the woman do during the school holidays? A. Relax near a lake. B. Visit her grandparents. C. Care for the man's cats. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A former neighbor. B. A bookshop. C. A hobby. 5. How can the man be described? A. Diligent. B. Tough. C. Optimistic. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike about the house? A. The size. B. The location. C. The price. 7. What is the woman's suggestion? A. Waiting for a better deal. B. Getting a house inspection. C. Looking for a newer house. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where do microplastics come from? A. The food chain. B. Plastic products. C. New technologies. 9. What can people do to help solve the problem according to the woman? A. Use reusable bottles. B. Remove larger plastic items. C. Produce fewer skin care products. 10. What is a current effort against microplastics? A. Safe materials are being studied. B. Bans on plastics are being drafted. C. Packaging is required to carry a warning. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A TV host and guest. B. Teacher and student. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 12. What aspect of the company attracts the woman? A. Its software development. B. Its focus on work-life balance. C. Its training courses in innovation. 13. Which difficulty does the woman think she might have? A. Keeping up with trends. B. Managing projects efficiently. C. Building better working groups. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How do the speakers probably feel at the beginning of the conversation? A. Shy. B. Nervous. C. Excited. 15. Where are the speakers from? A. Manchester. B. London. C. Bristol. 16. What is Susan planning to do? A. Travel the world. B. Open a bakery. C. Get married. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When was the CineMajestic film festival first brought up? A. In the 1980s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1960s. 18. What does the speaker probably admire about the festival? A. Its commercial success. B. Its contribution to mainstream trends. C. Its support for creative and innovative films. 19. What can be found at CineMajestic? A. Mainstream films. B. Various film styles. C. Only experimental films. 20. What impressed the speaker most about this year's films at CineMajestic? A. The absence of international films. B. The films' similarities to mainstream cinema. C. The variety of voices and stories on exhibition. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A At the middle school level, there are many academic clubs in which students can participate. Students can choose clubs that focus on an area of interest. Mathcounts Club Mathcounts tries to increase excitement towards mathematics achievement. It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Schools select individuals and teams to participate in competitions. Local competitions are held in February with winners progressing to state competitions and then on to the national level. Mathcounts works to challenge student math skills, develop self-confidence and give rewards for their achievements. Envirothon The Envirothon program focuses on natural resources knowledge and exposes students to diverse environmental issues, ecosystems, and topography. The ecology field competition for five-member middle school teams offers competitions in wildlife, soils, forestry, current environmental issues and aquatics. Students work and learn in middle school clubs and can compete at the local and state level. Future Problem Solvers Future Problem Solvers is an academic club that uses a six-step process to solve problems that may happen in the future. Students who are in the talented and gifted program, who like to “think out of the box,” or who enjoy thinking about futuristic problems may like this club. Teams comprised of four students read future scenes and write up solutions in a booklet using the six-step process. Teams that score high enough can go to the state competition and then to the international competition. Builders Club Builders Club is open to any middle school student who wishes to perform community service. Each Builders Club is co-sponsored by a Kiwanis club and the middle school. The members learn by doing, and they learn organization, teamwork, and leadership. Builders Clubs can sponsor a “Teacher of the Year” program, provide a recycling collection point, organize canned food and clothing drives to support local shelters, adopt a resident at a local senior citizens home, adopt a highway, tutor, etc. Middle school academic clubs offer students a place to explore interests or talents. The clubs they join in middle school can help guide choices in high school and beyond. 1. Why do some students choose Mathcounts Club? A. To enjoying solving future problems. B. To be successful in science careers. C. To study environmental issues. D. To perform community service. 2. What can we know about the Builders Club? A. It is mainly sponsored by the middle school. B. It only accepts students with excellent academic performance. C. Its members can gain skills in organization, teamwork and leadership. D. Its members mainly learn theoretical knowledge about community service. 3. What is the common feature of the four clubs? A. Leadership. B. Problem-solving. C. Teamwork. D. Creativity. B I have been studying the French language for three years. This field of study has been the hardest but most precious of my life. I would put it above the study of writing simply because I started writing as a 6-year-old boy under my mother's guidance. I always "felt" I could write. I did not always "feel" I could study a foreign language effectively. But here I am, right now, in a French hotel. I spoke French at the border, when I checked in and when I went to get lunch. I fail to speak with fluency. I mishear words. I can't really use complicated grammar. But my words are perfectly understandable and serve their purpose. I feel, as I always do, like I am lost in the dark, but with each misstep, I find my way more clearly. I didn't feel it when reading French novels; I didn't feel it at school. I just felt it when I first arrived Paris. I'm emphasizing feelings because, when studying, they are as important as any reality. The fear of making mistakes feeds the hopeless and makes learners quit. It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard. The transformation to turn struggles into growth is what truly makes learning a life-changing journey. Maybe one day, someone will say something to me that I do not understand, and in that moment. I may feel a bit discouraged. But now, I feel a sense of being high. These moments of confidence and motivation are precious, for they remind me of how far I've come. They are not the norm（常态），though. The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing. 4. How does the author feel about making mistakes in French? A. Awkward. B. Hopeless. C. Competent. D. Rewarding. 5. According to the author, what is the real challenge in learning a language? A Mastering complicated grammar. B. Overcoming the fear of making mistakes. C. Finding enough time to study. D. Understanding native speakers. 6. Why does the author emphasize feelings? A. To highlight his struggles in learning French. B. To show that positive thinking can drive growth. C. To illustrate that people should follow their hearts. D. To clarify his experience in mindset transformation. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The lows are always followed by highs. B. Feeling confident should be made a norm. C. Struggles are an essential part of learning. D. The ups are the real times when learning occurs. C Before joining Washington D. C.-based District Running Collective, Fallon Jones wasn’t a runner. “We were doing CrossFit then — there’s this group of people who run up the street.” says Jones. She was attracted after her first run with the group the following week. “I was in the slower pace group, but everybody was there at the end to cheer me on.” she adds. The first known running club, the Thames Hare and Hounds, was established in 1868 in London, promoting the sport as a social activity. Over the decades, running clubs have spread across Europe and North America, initially attracting competitive runners but gradually appealing to a broader audience seeking support, motivation and friendship. In recent years, online platforms have allowed runners to connect, making running more accessible and inclusive. Nowadays, conversational running is becoming a trend. Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move, is often associated with Zone 2 training, which involves an intensity of 60-70 percent of your maximum heart rate. Kristen Hislop, a certified running coach, says people often struggle to achieve this pace though it doesn’t feel like an “arduous” workout; it’s often much slower than you’d anticipate. “But while it isn’t especially challenging, doing low-intensity exercise regularly can build endurance (耐力) so you’ll be able to go longer and further,” says Hislop. “You’re also going to recover faster and reduce your risk of injuries.” Conversational running is also good for your relationships. “If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy,” says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice. This can lead to deeper conversations and stronger connections. Despite the benefits of running with others, finding the right run club to fit your needs is crucial. Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. “They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups,” she says. “As someone who’s approaching 40, it has been a blessing to find friends of all ages here at this stage in life.” 8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The popularity of running clubs. B. The origin of conversational running. C. The development of running clubs. D. The advances in fitness technologies. 9. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Exceptional. B. Annual. C. Rewarding. D. Tough. 10. What does Rachel Goldberg say about conversational running? A. It is a high-intensity exercise. B. It makes people willing to open up. C. It frees people of work stress. D. It enhances people’s mental clarity. 11. What attracts Jones best about District Running Collective? A. Its capability to group. B. Its access to local cultures. C. Its promising future. D. Its obvious health benefits. D Many concepts that are central to the human experience are abstract, such as relationships, ideas, and time — things we can’t directly see or touch. We commonly use concrete language to talk and think about these things, often through metaphors. Using metaphors is far more than a poetic device of factual statements. A study conducted at Purchase College found that metaphors can frame people’s perspectives, thus shaping their reasoning and subsequent actions. For example, describing the effort to stop climate change as a “war” rather than a “race” caused people to feel more urgency about reducing emissions. Another example is the lightbulb metaphor commonly used to describe new ideas, suggesting that new thoughts appear suddenly like a light switch being turned on. However, this metaphor implies that new ideas come effortlessly and are accessible only to a select few geniuses, such as Isaac Newton, who supposedly developed his theory of gravity from a sudden insight about a falling apple. It may lead people to question their capability to generate new ideas, and as a behavioral consequence, people may underestimate the role of hard work and continuous learning in bringing about change. An alternative way to describe ideas is by comparing new thoughts to seeds that fall on fertile ground and if cared for will grow and develop over time. Different from the lightbulb metaphor, the seed metaphor implies an understanding that generating new ideas is a laborious process, which requires time and effort. It also suggests that anybody can be the cultivator of ideas as long as they put their mind to it. The subtle effects of metaphors show how powerful language can be, even though we often don’t realize it. Who’d have thought a simple use of a lightbulb metaphor could profoundly affect how we understand the concept of innovation? Given the nature of our metaphorical minds, it is worth asking: are our metaphors suitable? We owe it to ourselves and others to use metaphors appropriately. These choices, conscious or not, can be constructive or destructive. 12. What does the study find about metaphors? A. They help clarify abstract concepts. B. They may cause some misunderstanding. C. They make language more poetic and vivid. D. They can influence people’s minds and behavior. 13. Why is the example of “lightbulb metaphor” quoted in paragraph 3? A. To raise some doubt about metaphors. B. To highlight improper use of metaphors. C. To illustrate poetic functions of metaphors. D. To demonstrate the influence of metaphors. 14. How does the “seed metaphor” differ from the “lightbulb metaphor”? A. It suggests consistent efforts of individuals. B. It attaches great significance to natural talent. C. It arouses people’s awareness of their creativity. D. It simplifies the process of generating new ideas. 15. What is author’s attitude towards the use of metaphors? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Cautious. D. Ambiguous. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the widespread use of computers, increasing students type with a greater-than-ever reliance on them to take notes and write papers. ____16____ Some parents of younger students are dismayed that their children are not just encouraged but required to take laptops to class. Additionally, university professors complain of rampant (泛滥的) distraction in classrooms, with students reading and messaging instead of listening to lectures. A line of research shows the benefits of an “innovation” that predates computers handwriting. Especially, studies have found that writing on paper can better students’ performance. ____17____ For learning materials by note (死记硬背), from the shapes of letters to the irregularity of English spelling, the benefits of using a pen or pencil lie in how the motor and sensory memory of putting words on paper reinforces that material. ____18____ In a study from 2014 by Pam Mueller and Danny Oppenheimer, students typing wrote down almost twice as many words and more passages word for word from lectures. It suggested they didn’t understand so much as rapidly copying the material. However, handwriting — which takes longer for nearly all university-level students — forces note-takers to transform ideas into their own words. ____19____ Those taking notes by hand also allows students to perform better on tests when they are later able to study from their notes. Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. For instance, about half the states in America have required more teaching of handwriting. ____20____ Although nearly all will eventually need typing skills, in an age of typing, handwriting still matters. A. Studies have found that handwriting can benefit a lot. B. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing. C. But today a different debate is raging about the dangers of typing. D. In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting books and fewer devices. E. However, several schools in America have gone so far to ban most laptops. F. It helps students recall a random series of words and grasp complicated concepts better. G. One of the best-demonstrated advantages of handwriting seems to be in superior note-taking. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Six years as a space reporter taught me that chaos rules everything. Nothing is completely predictable or controlled. I have watched enough go wrong to know that no view of a celestial (天空的) event is ever truly promised to us ____21____ on the Earth. So when my mother and I decided to drive out to Erie, Pennsylvania, to see the April 8 total solar eclipse (日全食) this year, I knew this would be a trip of two ____22____ attitudes. I’d be ____23____ about the weather and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would ____24____ and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives. I told her not to ____25____ the universe for this one; she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else. I was once again humbled into a ____26____ I’ve learned time and time again — Mama knows best. Erie’s forecast that morning was looking ____27____, but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p. m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear. The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly crested (达到顶峰), concentrating into a ____28____ orange glow. The eclipse ____29____ at 3:16 p. m. A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle. The sunset-like _____30_____ glowed and bloomed in the distance. I could spot solar prominences (日珥) sticking out from the sides of the sun _____31_____ slightly bright red and pink. Jupiter and Venus also played roles in this performance. It felt like bearing _____32_____ to something close to a miracle. Four minutes later, the eclipse _____33_____. The sun brightened again. And the clouds _____34_____ violently, swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray. But for four incredible minutes, the universe seems to have _____35_____ a promise to my mother. 21. A. analysts B. investigators C. astronauts D. observers 22. A. consistent B. amusing C. conflicting D. agreeable 23. A. pessimistic B. confused C. optimistic D. curious 24. A. lose B. delay C. fail D. win 25. A. feed on B. take on C. settle on D. count on 26 A. plan B. lesson C. practice D. skill 27. A. usual B. terrible C. average D. beautiful 28. A. dull B. faint C. weak D. fierce 29. A. disappeared B. struck C. died D. exploded 30. A. colors B. shapes C. circuits D. scenes 31. A. on B. in C. with D. for 32. A. witness B. tolerance C. relation D. reference 33. A. continued B. progressed C. ended D. ticked 34. A. returned B. quit C. left D. faded 35. A. lost focus on B. made good on C. took account of D. kept track of 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thousands of years ago, texts appeared on animal bones, bronzes, bamboo slips, and silk brocades (织锦) before they were written ____36____ paper. But now these ancient Chinese texts have a “new container” in the modern age. Recently, a research team from Nanjing Agricultural University has rolled ____37____ Xunzi, a large language model (LLM) and Xunzi Chat in association with Gulian, a ____38____ (lead) ancient Chinese text publisher. Wang Dongbo, the leader of the research team, said that the large language model ____39____ (name) after Xunzi ____40____ Xunzi was not only an acknowledged Confucian philosopher during the late Warring States Period (475-221BC), but also a pioneer in presenting and explaining theories of linguistics in ancient China. When ____41____ (ask) why he and his partners made the large language model, Wang explained that “traditional Chinese characters, vertical layout (竖版), the ____42____ (absent) of pausing and punctuation (句读) are all obstacles that readers have to overcome when they read traditional texts”. ____43____ (create) Xunzi the LLM, Wang and his partners first needed to do a lot of research. Since 2013, his team has worked ____44____ (tire) to digitize Chinese classics like the Siku Quanshu, or the Complete Library in Four Sections. “The hard work involves a large-scale corpus (语料库) of two billion Chinese characters, ____45____ has laid a solid foundation for the large language model,” said Wang. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动。请你写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品，内容包括： 1. 作品描述； 2. 创作缘由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear classmates _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Elaine walked out the door of Petty’s Fine Foods, clutching a bag of pies. She was not a fearful person. But as she headed toward her parked car, the graying grandmother of three couldn’t help noticing two young men trailing behind her on the sidewalk. “Are they following me?” she wondered. It was a sunlit May afternoon in Utica Square,an upmarket shopping complex — hardly the time or place for street crime. Elaine shook off her fear. There are dozens of people around here. I’m not in any danger. But as she shifted her bag and opened the door to her Toyota, one of the men rushed up to the car. He blocked her in on one side, while the other pushed her and then wordlessly ripped the white leather bag from her shoulder.Both men took off running. Inside the bag were her credit cards and $11. But that’s not what made her frantic. The robbers had her house keys and driver’s license — with her address. Elaine’s six-year-old grand-daughter was at home with the nanny (保姆). Extremely angry, she screamed, “They stole my purse!” About 15 feet away, Erin had just emerged from the post office. Erin often worked with elderly clients who also looked to her for emotional support. Erin had a good understanding of their loneliness, listened to their concerns. Now she heard the terror in Elaine’s voice and saw the two men running across the lot. They’re going to be gone if someone doesn’t do something, she realized. The other shoppers seemed unaware. So Erin made a quick call. She’d make enough noise to get everyone’s attention. Hopefully somebody would stop the thieves. At 50, Erin was by no means an athlete. Nor was she dressed for a chase. Still, she had to keep the men in sight until help arrived. Clutching her purse and wallet in one hand and her stamps in the other, she sprinted after them. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Those two guys stole a woman’s purse!” she screamed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the women had the guys trapped in the Starbucks bathroom, they waved at security guards. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $