UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk & Lesson 1-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册创新导学案课件PPT（北师大版2019）

WELCOME UNIT UNIT 4　HUMOUR Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 课堂效果检测(一) 3 课后课时作业(一) 6 课后课时作业(二) 7 课时语法精讲 4 课堂效果检测(二) 5 课前预习自检 这里不是单纯地提供查寻便利，也不是简单地答疑解惑，而是坚持尝试将英语译成汉语，再将汉语译回英语，仔细揣摩英汉位置的差异，最终提高英语语言的输出能力。从英语译成汉语，再从汉语译回英语——这就是“回译法”。尝试并坚持，终将受益…… 课前预习自检 Story A 故事A A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔杯托里的牛奶。 He did a double take. 他惊讶地又看了一眼。 课前预习自检 •He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable, so he walked casually into the store and innocently offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. 他注意到那只杯托是件古董，很值钱，于是他就漫不经心地走进商店，装作若无其事地出价用20美元买这只猫。 课前预习自检 词句自测 ①_______ n. 杯托 ②_________ n. 门口，出入口 ③_______ n. 古董　adj. 古时制造的 ④_______ adv. 漫不经心地；非正式地 ⑤__________ adv. 装作若无其事地；无辜地 ⑥“分句(He noticed ... very valuable)＋so＋分句(he walked ... for 20 dollars)”。本句是so连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中that引导_____从句；第二个分句中walked和offered并列作谓语，to buy the cat for 20 dollars是不定式短语作offered的_____。 saucer doorway antique casually innocently 宾语 宾语 课前预习自检 The store owner replied, “I'm sorry, but the cat isn't for sale.” 店主回答说：“很抱歉，但这只猫不出售。” The collector said, “Please, I need a hungry cat with a good appetite around the house to catch mice. 收藏家说：“拜托了，我需要一只饥饿的、胃口好的猫来抓家里的老鼠。 I'll pay you 200 dollars for that cat.” 我将付两百美元来买那只猫。” The owner said “sold” and handed over the cat. 店主说“成交”，然后把猫交给了他。 课前预习自检 The collector continued, “Hey, for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer. 收藏家接着说：“嘿，我想知道用这两百美元你是否能把那个旧的杯托一起送给我。 The cat's used to it and it'll save me from having to get a dish.” 猫已经习惯了这个杯托，这样也省得我再去买猫食盆了。” And the owner said, “Sorry my friend, but that's my lucky saucer. 店主说：“对不起，朋友，那可是我的幸运杯托。 So far this week I've sold 68 cats.” 到这周为止，我已经卖出了68只猫。” 课前预习自检 词句自测 ⑦_________ n. 胃口，食欲 appetite 课前预习自检 Story B 故事B Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson went on a camping trip. 夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生去野营。 After a good dinner and a bottle of wine, they retired for the night, and went to sleep. 吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐，喝了一瓶酒后，他们准备休息，去睡觉了。 Some hours later, Holmes woke up and asked his faithful friend, “Watson, look up at the sky and tell me what you see.” 几个小时后，福尔摩斯醒来，问他忠实的朋友：“华生，抬头看看天空，告诉我你看到了什么。” 课前预习自检 “I see millions and millions of stars, Holmes，” replied Watson. “我看见了成千上万的星星，福尔摩斯，”华生答道。 “And what do you deduce from that？” “那你能从中推断出什么呢？” Watson thought for a minute. 华生想了一会儿。 课前预习自检 词句自测 ⑧_______ adj. 忠诚的 ⑨_______ vt. 推论，推断 faithful deduce 课前预习自检 •“Well, according to the studies on astronomy, it tells me that there are millions of galaxies and potentially billions of planets. “嗯，根据天文学的研究，它告诉我有数百万个星系和潜在的数十亿颗行星。 According to the positions of the stars, I observe that Saturn is in Leo. 根据星星的位置，我观察到土星在狮子座。 According to the scientific measurement of time, I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three. 根据对时间的科学测量，我推断时间大概是三点一刻。 课前预习自检 According to the current atmosphere, I forecast that we will have a beautiful day tomorrow. 根据目前的大气状况，我预测明天天气会很好。 What does it tell you, Holmes？” 你据此推断出了什么，福尔摩斯？” Holmes was silent for a moment. “Watson，” he said, “someone has stolen our tent！” 福尔摩斯沉默了片刻。“华生，”他说，“有人偷了我们的帐篷！” 课前预习自检 词句自测 ⑩__________ n. 天文学 ⑪_______ n. 星系 ⑫__________ adv. 可能地，潜在地 ⑬_________ adj. 科学(上)的 ⑭____________ n. 测量，计量，衡量 ⑮___________ n. 大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 ⑯_______ vt. 预测，预报 ⑰“主(it)谓(tells)＋双宾(me that ... billions of planets)”。according to the studies on astronomy是状语，me是______宾语， that there are ... of planets是that引导的_____从句作_____宾语。 astronomy galaxy potentially scientific measurement atmosphere forecast 间接 宾语 直接 课前预习自检 Story C 故事C A middle­aged man was feeling very down. 一位中年男子情绪很低落。 Everything had been going wrong for him. 对他来说，每件事都出了问题。 He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for another man. 他工作上遇到了问题，他的妻子为了另一个男人离开了他。 课前预习自检 So, after he had been feeling depressed for over a month, he decided to go to the doctor. 所以，在他沮丧了一个多月后，他决定去看医生。 He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor's surgery. 他不得不在医生的诊室里等待，像是等了好多年。 The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously; a woman was coughing and sneezing badly; and a baby was screaming. 他旁边流血的男人紧张地看着表；一个女人咳嗽和打喷嚏很严重；还有个婴儿在啼哭。 课前预习自检 词句自测 ⑱___________adj. 中年的 ⑲_______n. 诊所；外科手术 ⑳______ vi. 流血，出血 middle­aged surgery bleed sneeze scream 课前预习自检 Finally, after he had been waiting for about half an hour, he was called in for his consultation. 终于，在他等了大约半个小时后，他被叫去接受诊断。 The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in. 他进来时医生正在她的办公桌上写便条。 “Sorry, I'm just finishing something. “抱歉，我刚做完一些事。 I'm afraid we've been very busy this morning.” 恐怕我们今天上午一直很忙。” 课前预习自检 She then turned to the man. 然后她转向那个男人。 “So, what's the problem？” she asked. “那么，有什么问题呢？”她问道。 词句自测 23 ___________n. 就诊；咨询 consultation 课前预习自检 “Well, I've been having a bit of a crisis, you know, lots of problems，” replied the man. “嗯，我最近遇到了点麻烦，你知道，有很多问题。”这个男人回答说。 “And I've been doing a lot of work.” “我做了很多工作。” “Mmm, you're looking very pale.” The doctor started to examine him. “嗯，你看起来脸色很苍白。”医生开始给他检查。 “Well, everything is working OK，” she announced afterwards. “嗯，一切都很正常，”她检查后说道。 课前预习自检 “You have slightly high blood pressure and you're breathing quite heavily, but otherwise everything's fine.” “你有轻微的高血压，呼吸有些重，但除此之外一切都正常。” “So what can I do？” asked the man. “那我能做什么？”男人问道。 “I'm going on a trip soon. “我很快就要出差了。 I will be working in the United States for three months. 我将在美国工作三个月。 This time next week, I'll be arriving in New York.” 下星期的这个时候，我将抵达纽约。” 课前预习自检 词句自测 24 ______ n. 危难时刻；危机 25 ________ vt. 检查 26 _________vt. 宣布，宣告 27 __________adv. 随后，后来 crisis examine announce afterwards 课前预习自检 The doctor thought for a while. 医生想了一会儿。 •“I think what you need is a good laugh. “我想你需要的是开怀大笑。 That would do you a lot of good. 那对你很有好处。 A circus is performing in town. 一个马戏团正在城里表演。 Why don't you go to see it? 你为什么不去看看呢？ 课前预习自检 •I hear there's an amazing clown who'll really make you laugh. 我听说有一个很棒的小丑，会让你开怀大笑的。 His name's Grock. ” 他的名字叫格罗克。” “I am Grock，” replied the man sadly. “我就是格罗克， ”男人悲伤地回答道。 课前预习自检 词句自测 28 _______ n. 马戏团 29 ______ n. 小丑 30 “主(I)谓(think)宾(what you need is a good laugh)”。宾语从句的结构为“主(what you need)系(is)表(a good laugh)”，what you need是what引导的_____从句，what作______的宾语。 31 “主(I)谓(hear)宾(there's an ... you laugh)”。hear后的宾语从句省略了连接词____，who'll ... laugh是定语从句，修饰先行词______。 circus clown 主语 need that clown 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 1 pretend vi.& vt. 假装，装作(教材P6) 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①He would wear the skin and pretend to be a cow so that the lion would come out. 他会穿上牛皮，假装成一头牛，这样狮子就会出来了。 ②On July 7, 1937, the Japanese pretended to have lost a Japanese soldier near the Marco Polo Bridge to start a full invasion of China. 1937年7月7日，日本假借在卢沟桥附近一名日本士兵失踪发动了全面侵华 战争。 ③We can't just go on pretending that everything is OK. 我们不能继续假装一切正常。 重点合作探究 名师点津 与pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I really dislike my job but I have to pretend ________ (enjoy) it. ②He pretended _____________ (know) the answer to the problem already. ③His son pretended ____________ (read) when he came in. (2)单句表达 她打开一本书，假装看书，眼泪却滴在书页上。 She opened a book, _________________， with tears dropping on the open page. to enjoy to have known to be reading pretending to read 重点合作探究 2 anxiety n. 焦虑，不安，担心(教材P6) 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①The mother was filled with anxiety about/over her daughter's English. 那位母亲对她女儿的英语忧心忡忡。 ②The teacher praised her for her anxiety for knowledge. 她渴求知识，老师表扬了她。 重点合作探究 She is eager to go to college, but anxious about not passing the entrance examination. 她渴望上大学，但担心不能通过入学考试。 易混辨析：anxious/eager anxious 强调“担心或焦虑”，对结果感到不安 eager 强调积极向上和渴望成功的热情 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①If children see the violent scene, parents will tend to become worried and ________ (anxiety)． ②His anxiety ____ knowledge deserves our praise. (2)单句表达 ①第一次遇到我最好的朋友那天，我的心情特别焦虑。 The day that I met my best friend for the first time, I was _____________． ②听到这个坏消息，她焦急地回家了。 Hearing the news, she went home ____________． anxious for full of anxiety with anxiety 重点合作探究 3 embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的(教材P109) 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①It embarrassed him that he had no idea of what was going on. 对所发生的事情一无所知，这让他很尴尬。 ②I was embarrassed at his unexpected question. 他突然的发问使我不知所措。 ③Now he is in an embarrassing situation. 现在他处境尴尬。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I was ___________ (embarrass) for her when she slipped and fell. ②My face turned red with _____________ (embarrass)． (2)单句表达 ①听见别人这样夸他，他感到很难为情。 He __________________________ people speak so highly of him. ②当轮到他发表演讲时，他走到了麦克风前，紧张而又尴尬。 When it was his turn to deliver his speech, he walked towards the microphone, ______________________． embarrassed embarrassment was very embarrassed to hear nervous and embarrassed 重点合作探究 4 confused adj. 困惑的(教材P110) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Don't confuse the word “weather” with “whether”． 不要把weather和whether这两个单词弄混了。 ②Whenever you see a confused look on people's faces, your best response is leading with those two words: For example. 如果你发现别人的脸上出现了迷茫的神情，你最好的回复就是以这两个字打头：例如。 ③The instructions are so confusing that I am totally confused. 说明书太令人费解了，我完全糊涂了。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I am mixed up about these __________ (confuse) directions. ②People are confused ______ all the different labels on food these days. (2)单句表达 我担心我的拼写和口音将会使他们感到困惑。 My concern is that my spelling and accent will _____________． confusing about confuse them 重点合作探究 5 potential n. 潜力，潜能　adj. 潜在的，可能的(教材P110) 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①Recently the European Commission released two proposals to check big digital companies that have the potential to disrupt online competition. 最近欧盟委员会公布了两项提案，旨在监管可能破坏在线竞争的大型数字公司。 ②The school strives to treat students as individuals and to help each one to achieve their full potential. 学校力图因材施教，并帮助每位学生充分发挥他们的潜能。 ③All we can do is find the potential danger and try to decrease it. 我们所能做的就是找到这些潜在的危险，并设法减少这种危险。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①He has the potential __________ (become) a world­class musician. ②With its natural resources, it is __________ (potential) a very wealthy country. (2)单句表达 对残疾儿童来说，为充分开发他们的潜力，他们的教育必须适应他们与同龄(正常)儿童的差异。 For disabled children, to _______________________， their education must be adapted to their differences from others of the same age. to become potentially realize their full potential 重点合作探究 6 A famous art collector was walking through the city when ... 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时(突然)……(教材P8) 剖析 be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时(突然)……”。when为并列连词，相当于and just at this/that time。 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。 ②We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。 ③I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 我刚刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①One day I __________ (do) a big clean­up when I _____ (come) across a knotted handkerchief with an old dark brown coin inside. ②I was on the point of telephoning him _____ his letter arrived. was doing came when 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①他刚要出门，这时他的朋友给他打来电话。 He _______________________ his friend called him up. ②我正想着这件事，突然听到有人叫我的名字。 I was thinking of this matter _____________ my name called. ③我刚完成试卷，这时宣告考试结束的铃声响了。 I had just finished my test paper _________________， announcing the exam was over. was about to go out when when I heard when the bell rang 重点合作探究 7 ... he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.……他看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。 (教材P8) 剖析 noticed a dirty cat lapping为 “notice＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①I noticed them come in. 我注意到他们进来了。 ②I notice them playing football on the playground. 我看见他们正在操场上踢足球。 ③I would like to notice the work finished tomorrow morning. 我想看到工作明早被完成。 重点合作探究 名师点津 (1)notice, make, let, have等词，在主动语态中跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但在被动句中作宾补的不定式必须带to。 (2)和notice(注意)有相同用法的感官动词(短语)还有：observe 观察； see, watch, look at, 三看； listen to, hear, 二听；feel，一感觉。用口诀记忆如下：“注意”“观察”不可缺，“三看”“两听”“一感觉”。 I saw him walk out of the school. ＝He was seen to walk out of the school. 我看见他走出了学校。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Do you notice someone ________ (call) for help over there? ②He was so nervous that he could hear his heart ________ (beat) wildly. (2)单句表达 ①他们注意到那个年轻人匆忙离开了。 They ________________________ in a hurry. ②我曾听到有人用英语唱这首歌。 I once __________________ in English. calling beating noticed the young man leave heard the song sung 重点合作探究 8 announce vt. 宣布，宣告(教材P9) 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry announced the news to the reporters. 外交部发言人向记者宣布了这一消息。 ②In September 1997, the government of Yunnan Province announced that Zhongdian was the Shangri­La of Hilton's story. 1997年9月，云南省政府宣称，中甸就是希尔顿小说中的香格里拉。 ③It was announced that new speed restrictions would be introduced. 据宣布，将有新的限速规定出台。 ④I promise I'll make an announcement when I find a new job. 我保证找到新工作时我会宣布的。 重点合作探究 名师点津 announce 后不接双宾语，常用announce sth to sb结构，类似用法的动词还有：suggest, explain, report, say等。 易混辨析：announce/declare announce “宣告，宣布”，侧重告知人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻 declare 正式或当众“宣布”，尤指宣战、宣判等 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Please announce ___ students that the holiday will begin next Monday. ②I have an important announcement ________ (make)． ③A radio _________ (announce) may have an audience of millions. to to make announcer 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①已经宣布，所有学生必须待在座位上，直到试卷收齐。 _______________________ all the students shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. ②他们宣布会议将被推迟。 ___________________ the meeting would be put off. It has been announced that They announced that 重点合作探究 9 deserve vt. 应得，应受到(教材P11) 归纳拓展 重点合作探究 ①You deserve a rest after all that hard work. 辛苦工作了那么久，你该休息一下了。 ②He has worked very hard and deserves to pass the exam. 他学习很努力，应该能通过考试。 ③Since he had broken the rule, he deserved punishing/to be punished. 因为他违背了规定，他应受惩罚。 重点合作探究 名师点津 “deserve doing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deserve to be done。与deserve用法类似的词还有：need, want, require, demand (需要)。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①It's true that she made a mistake but she doesn't deserve ______ (lose) her job. ②The short English film whose name is Growing Together will last for an hour and a half and it deserves ________________ (see)． (2)单句表达 ①你是一个好人，你应该受到这样的对待。 You are a good human being and you ________________________ as such. ②我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。 I think any good suggestion __________________________________________． to lose seeing/to be seen deserve to be treated/treating deserves consideration/considering/to be considered 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．In order to ________ (增强) market competitiveness, we welcome any comments from consumers, favourable or otherwise. 2．Designing a powerful beginning is crucial—not only does it make readers stay with your story, it also helps you develop the _____ (情节)． 3．You must have felt _____ (头晕目眩的) when you stepped on the glass­bottomed bridge, didn’t you? 4．She looked ready to ________ (突然倒下) at any minute. 5．Many video websites ________ (宣布) that viewers can watch shows and movies for free in exchange for watching advertising. enhance plot dizzy collapse announce 课堂效果检测(一) 6．He claimed to be American, but his a______ gave him away. 7．Perhaps in the Longji Rice terraces, what is most s________ is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature. 8．The fact of the matter is that most people c_______ far more protein than they actually need. 9．He stressed the need to close the finance gap by supporting countries that are suffering the ravaging impacts of the climate c____． 10．Diagnosis of depression starts with a c_________ with a doctor or mental health specialist. ccent ignificant onsume risis onsultation 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Jay is by nature cheerful and _________ (humor), while his elder brother Jack, in contrast, is always a wet blanket. 2．A Chinese company has created a new ______ (face) recognition system that can identify people even if they are wearing masks. 3．Some hospital patients experience high levels of ________ (anxious)． 4．The actress readily acknowledged the fact that her ___________ (balance) diet was a major influence on her expanding figure. 5．He looked ____________ (embarrass) when I asked him where he’d been. humorous facial anxiety unbalanced embarrassed 课堂效果检测(一) 6．The young man had no appetite ____ hard work. 7．She’s __________ (potential) our best player, but she needs to practice much harder. 8．All oil paintings in this gallery deserve __________________________ (appreciate)． 9．Colin was about to get off the camel ______ a child ran towards him. 10．The man was noticed ________ (enter) the bank by the police. for potentially appreciating/to be appreciated when to enter 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅲ.选词填空 1．As Mr Jones aged, he decided to _________ charge of his family business to his eldest son. 2．They advertised in the newspaper that they had a used car ________． 3．He used to read in the sun, but now he _________ reading in the library. 4．I think my father would like to know what I’ve been up to ______， so I decide to send him a quick note. hand over for sale is used to so far turn to; for sale; be used to; wake up; go wrong; hand over; look up; so far; go to the doctor; next to 课堂效果检测(一) 5．In many homes in the UK, the first person to ________ has to make tea for the family. 6．When we ________ at the night sky and wonder whether there is anyone else out there, we're actually asking who we are in relation to the universe. 7．Then you usually lie there just staring at the ceiling, thinking about everything that could __________． 8．—David, you look sick. What's wrong with you? —I have a bad headache and I will ______________ right now. wake up look up go wrong go to the doctor 课堂效果检测(一) 9．Many people sleep with the charging phones right _______ their heads, which could increase the chances of getting cancer. 10．When people need information, the Internet is now the first source they _______． next to turn to 课堂效果检测(一) 课时语法精讲——进行时态 (现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时，将来进行时) 课时语法精讲 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．Many people around the world ________________ (enjoy) city centre streets without cars for many years. 2．I ________________ (write) letters all this evening and I've just finished them. 3．Before the last bus came, I _______________ (wait) for half an hour. 4．I didn't know that you _______________ (look) for that book. 5．I ______________ (have) a meeting at this time tomorrow. 6．They __________ (lie) on the beach across the Atlantic at 5 o'clock this afternoon. have been enjoying have been writing had been waiting had been looking shall be having will be lying 课时语法精讲 语法讲座 一、现在完成进行时 1．概念 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能还要继续进行下去。 课时语法精讲 2．构成 (1)肯定形式：have/has been＋doing(第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have) I have been waiting for you. 我一直在等你。 (2)否定形式： have/has＋not＋been doing He hasn't been using the car for the last two months. 过去两个月他一直没用车。 课时语法精讲 3．用法 (1)表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。通常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点(或从句)”的时间状语连用。 It has been snowing for three hours. 雪已经下了三个小时了。(从过去某一时间开始下雪，强调到现在还在下) (2)表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。 —Sorry! I'm late. How long have you been waiting for me? —We have been waiting for you for half an hour. ——很抱歉，我来迟了。你们等我多长时间了？ ——我们已经等了你半个小时了。 课时语法精讲 (3)强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She's been saying that twenty times. 这话她已经说了二十遍了。 (4)表示这段时间反复发生的事情。 I have been visiting some cities of China this month. 这个月我一直在访问中国的一些城市。 课时语法精讲 4．不能用现在完成进行时的情况 (1)某些不能用于进行时的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时，只能用现在完成时。如see, hear, know, have, like, be等。 他已经感冒两个星期了。 (×)He has been having a cold for two weeks. (√)He has had a cold for two weeks. (2)不具有延续意义的动词。如finish, come, go, marry等不能用于现在完成进行时。 课时语法精讲 5．现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 (1)现在完成进行时强调动作仍然在继续或动作的重复性；而现在完成时常表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，强调动作已完成。 He has been writing a letter. 他一直在写一封信。(仍在写) He has written a letter. 他写了一封信。(已经写好) 课时语法精讲 (2)现在完成进行时强调“动作”，有时还含有喜悦、愤怒、不满、厌恶等感情色彩；而现在完成时强调“结果”。 I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。(强调动作的持续性或不满意) I have waited for you for two hours. 我已经等了你两个小时。(说明一个结果) (3)一些表示静态的动词往往用现在完成进行时。这样的静态动词主要有lie, stand, sit, wait等。 She has been lying in bed for a week. 她已经卧床一周了。 课时语法精讲 (1)单句语法填空 ①Although many measures ______________ (take), the world's economy is still going down. ②You should go to bed; you _________________ (watch) TV for 5 hours. ③I _________________ (clean) the windows since this morning. ④Sorry, but Mr Smith ________ (leave) for Beijing. have been taken have been watching have been cleaning has left 课时语法精讲 ⑤The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he ______________ (play) in the mud all morning. ⑥By the time he realizes he __________ (walk) into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2)单句表达 ①她工作一直很努力。 She _________________________． ②她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间。 Her eyes are red; it's obvious that she ______________ for a long time. has been playing has walked has always been working hard has been crying 课时语法精讲 ③她从八岁起就一直打网球。 She ________________ tennis since she was eight. ④你的衣服满是灰尘。我想你刚才在打扫教室吧。 Your clothes are covered with dust; you ______________________________， I think. ⑤自从2016年以来，我姐姐一直在学英语。 My sister ______________________ since 2016. has been playing have been cleaning the classroom has been learning English 课时语法精讲 二、过去完成进行时 1．概念 过去完成进行时表示在过去某一特定时间之前发生的动作一直持续到这个特定时间，或是刚刚结束，或是还要继续。 2．构成 过去完成进行时由“had been＋doing”构成。 I had been looking for a job for six months before I got this one. 我找了六个月才找到这份工作。 课时语法精讲 3．用法 (1)发生在过去某个时间之前的某个动作，且该动作持续了一段时间。其标志性的时间状语有：by ..., before或when引导的从句(从句用一般过去时)及表示一段时间的状语(如for hours, all day)等。 The baby had been crying for 15 minutes when her mother came in. 妈妈进来时，婴儿一直哭了15分钟。 I was very tired. I had been working all day. 我很累，一整天我都在干活。 课时语法精讲 (2)表示过去某一时间之前经常发生的动作。 I had often been thinking of you before you came to Shanghai. 在你来上海之前，我常常想你。 (3)表示直到过去某个时间点还在进行的动作。 When he arrived at the station, he found the train had been waiting for passengers. 当他到达车站时，他发现火车早已在等候乘客了。 She'd only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her. 她只复习了一会儿功课，就被小妹妹打断了。 课时语法精讲 (4)表示一定的感情色彩，如喜欢或厌恶等。 Nobody knew what this fellow had been doing all these days. 没人知道这个家伙这些天一直在干什么。 I never thought he had been doing that kind of thing to you. 我怎么也没有想到他居然对你做那种事。 课时语法精讲 4．过去完成进行时和过去完成时的区别 过去完成进行时 表示在过去某一特定时间以前发生的动作一直持续到这个特定时间，或是刚刚结束，或是还要延续。但是，决不会延续到现在 过去完成时 表示动作在过去的某一时间已经完成 课时语法精讲 It had been raining hard for three weeks. Nearly all the little trees on the mountain were washed away. 大雨一连下了三个星期，山上的小树差不多都被冲走了。 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the evening party. 当汤姆到达晚会的时候，大部分客人都走了，他很失望。 课时语法精讲 (1)单句语法填空 ①They _________________ (expect) the anecdote for some time before I came. ②The doctor asked what he ______________ (eat)． ③Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ________ (leave) my book in the cafe. ④I ________ (read) the book before it became a best­seller. ⑤His success was due to the fact that he ________________ (work) hard all the time. had been expecting had been eating had left had read had been working 课时语法精讲 ⑥I _______________ (study) at home before my mother came back. ⑦The pop group started the concert after all the tables __________________ (connect)． (2)单句表达 ①他去上海之前一直住在这里。 He _________________ before he went to Shanghai. ②在她喊我进去之前，我已经等了很久。 I ____________________________ before she called me in. had been studying had been connected had been living here had been waiting for a long time 课时语法精讲 ③她上大学之前一直在学英语。 She ______________________ before entering the college. ④她已经打扫过了，所以办公室很整洁。 She __________________， so it was very tidy. ⑤服务员没等我们吃完就匆忙把盘子收走了。 The waiter whisked away the plates before we ___________． ⑥歌迷们很生气，因为乐队在音乐会原定开始前五分钟取消了。 The fans were angry because ____________________ the concert five minutes before it was due to start. had been studying English had cleaned the office had finished the band had cancelled 课时语法精讲 三、将来进行时 1．概念 将来进行时表示将来某一时间段或者某一个时刻正在做某事。 2．构成 将来进行时由“shall/will be doing”构成，其否定式是在shall/will后加not，shall多用于第一人称。 This time tomorrow they will be sitting in the cinema to see a film. 明天这个时候他们会坐在电影院里看电影。 At this time tomorrow I shall/will be flying to London. 明天这个时候我将在飞往伦敦的途中。 课时语法精讲 3．用法 (1)表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语(如tomorrow, this evening, this time tomorrow, next year, in two days等)连用。 Don't phone me between 8：00 and 9：00 tomorrow. We'll be having classes then. 明天8点到9点之间不要给我打电话，我们那时正在上课。 I will be studying in America next year. 我明年将在美国学习。 课时语法精讲 (2)表示已经安排好要发生的动作。 We shall be meeting in Carrefour at 6 o'clock this afternoon. 我们定于今天下午六点在家乐福见面。 Tom will be seeing his friend off at the airport tomorrow. 汤姆明天将到机场为他的朋友送行。 (3)表示预测可能会发生的事。 When I arrive home, my mother will probably be waiting for me for lunch. 当我到家时，我妈妈可能正在等我吃午饭。 If we keep working hard like this, we will be making a miracle. 如果我们继续这样努力工作的话，我们会创造奇迹的。 课时语法精讲 (4)将来进行时用于疑问句、条件状语从句或I hope/think 等的宾语从句中，表示亲切或委婉的语气。 If you will be needing me for help, please let me know. 你如果需要我的帮助，请告诉我。 Will you be staying here long? 你会长时间待在这里吗？ 课时语法精讲 4．将来进行时和一般将来时的区别 (1)将来进行时是表示将来某个时间点正在做的事情，而一般将来时是表示将要做的事情。 We will be making cakes and colouring the posters tomorrow morning. 我们明天上午会在做蛋糕和给海报涂色。 We will make cakes and colour the posters tomorrow morning. 我们明天上午要做蛋糕和给海报涂色。 课时语法精讲 (2)将来进行时只是单纯地谈论未来的情况，一般不表示意愿。而一般将来时除了表示将来的时间概念外，还往往带有感情色彩，表示意愿。 She won't be coming to Sophie's party this evening. 她今晚不会去参加索菲的派对。 She won't come to Sophie's party this evening. 她今晚不想去参加索菲的派对。 课时语法精讲 (1)单句语法填空 ①Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ______________ (teach) a class at that time. ②When he comes to my house tomorrow, I ______________ (write) the report. ③At ten o'clock tomorrow, she ______________ (work) in her office. ④If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you _____________ (eat) fresh watermelon in the fall. will be teaching will be writing will be working will be eating 课时语法精讲 ⑤—Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon? —I'm sorry, but by then I ____________ (fly) to Beijing. How about five? ⑥—What time is it? —I have no idea. But just a minute, I _________ (check) it for you. ⑦She ________ (be) twenty­four years old next year. ⑧At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she _______ (be) in her office and she _____________ (write) a report for the manager. will be flying will check will be will be will be writing 课时语法精讲 (2)单句表达 ①王教授下周相同时间将就这个问题再做一次报告。 Professor Wang _______________________ on this subject at the same time next week. ②你今天晚上要在家吃饭吗？ _______________________ at home this evening? ③这个学期将在七月结束，到时我将回乡下的家。 This term will end in July and I _________________________________． will be giving another talk Will you be having dinner will be going back home in the country 课时语法精讲 ④今天下午三点我将去看望我的祖母。 I ____________________________ at three this afternoon. ⑤看天上的闪电，恐怕很快就要下雨了。 Look at the lightning in the sky; it ______________ soon, I'm afraid.  ⑥如果你吃了这药，你会感觉好些。 _________________ if you take the medicine. shall be visiting my grandmother is going to rain You will feel better 课时语法精讲 课堂效果检测(二) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．—Will you be available at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon? —No. I _______________ (attend) a lecture then. 2．Since the time humankind started gardening, we ______________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful. 3．I _______________ (wait) at the bus stop when the bus finally came thirty minutes later. 4．They ________________ (build) the company since 2013 and ______________ (not complete) it yet. will be attending have been trying had been waiting have been building haven't completed 课堂效果检测(二) 5．Finally, we got the reply we _________________ (expect)． 6．I ____________ (fly) from Miami to New York to meet the other members of the group at this time tomorrow. 7．I realized that I ___________________ (overwork), so I decided to take a few days' holiday. 8．Paula says that she ______________ (work) late every evening next month. 9．He hasn't got much hair; he _____________ (lose) it since he was only thirty. 10．She ________ (lose) her keys; she can't find them anywhere. had been expecting will be flying had been overworking will be working has been losing has lost 课堂效果检测(二) Ⅱ.单句表达 1．请停下来去休息；整个早晨你一直在修洗衣机。 Please stop to have a rest; you __________________________________ the whole morning. 2．电话响了三分钟才有人接。 The telephone ______________________________ before it was answered. 3．她参加比赛时已练习了三年。 She _____________________________ when she entered the race. have been repairing the washing machine had been ringing for three minutes had been practicing for three years 课堂效果检测(二) 4．下个周末我们将去探索非洲的草原。 We _______________ the African grassland next weekend. 5．明天上午8点你在做什么？ _____________________ at eight tomorrow morning? will be exploring What will you be doing 课堂效果检测(二) 课后课时作业(一) 较易题(占比50%)　中档题(占比50%)　拔高题(占比0%) 温馨提示：丰富的语料是写作的源泉，与其单独背那些枯燥的热词佳句，不如在阅读语境中轻松记忆语篇题中的黑体(除标题和设题外)语句，日积月累，悄然完成迁移，提升写作。 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★ ★ 课后课时作业(一) 109 Ⅰ　阅读 A Wherever she goes, Molly leaves her marks. Without saying a word, she speaks to people with her kind eyes. Even when she walks away, she leaves an impression. Molly's mark is a smile, stamped into the ground by the horseshoe at the bottom of her false leg. A few years ago, Molly was badly attacked by a dog. The dog bit all four Molly's legs and left large cuts on her face. Molly's owner, Kate Harris, took her to an animal hospital. Doctors there were able to save Molly's life, but soon one of her legs became very infected. 课后课时作业(一) 110 At first, doctors thought Molly would not survive. But Molly changed their minds. This pony, as doctors noticed, shifted her weight, and rested her good legs from time to time. Doctors knew that Molly had amazing intelligence, and that she wanted to live. Several doctors operated on Molly, and removed her infected leg. A false leg was made for her. The leg was a hollow cast with a pole at the bottom for balance. Doctors gave Molly a special horseshoe at the bottom of the leg. This horseshoe she had had a stamp of a smiling face in it! 课后课时作业(一) 111 After the operation, Molly walked around on all four legs, as if nothing had ever happened to her! Now, with every step she takes, she stamps a smile in the dirt. But she leaves her mark in other ways, too. Kate Harris took Molly to the false leg center. There were children there who, like Molly, had artificial arms or legs. They were amazed to see a pony with a false leg. Molly made them smile and gave them hope. Soon, Molly began to visit schools, nursing homes, army bases and hospitals. A book was even written about Molly! 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一匹装有假肢的小马驹的故事，这匹小马驹以积极坚韧的形象鼓舞了同样遭遇困境的孩子们。 课后课时作业(一) 112 1．Molly is the name of a ________． A．dog B．child C．teacher D．horse 解析：细节理解题。第一段最后一句中的“horseshoe(马蹄铁)”可知，受伤的Molly(莫莉)是一匹小马。故选D。 课后课时作业(一) 113 2．Which of the followings can be mentioned in the passage? A．All Molly's four legs were removed because of infection. B．Molly surprised people for her intelligence and determination. C．Kate Harris refused to operate on Molly in the beginning. D．Molly was in low spirits for a long time after the operation. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，那里的医生挽救了Molly的生命，但不久它的一条腿感染得很严重。由此可知，A项(四条腿都感染了。)不符合原文；根据第三段最后一句可知，人们对Molly的智慧以及想要活下去的决心感到吃惊，B项正确；根据第五段第一句可知，手术后Molly四处走动，心情很不错，D项(手术后，Molly情绪低落了很长一段时间。)与原文不符；C项在文中未提及。故选B。 课后课时作业(一) 114 3．What is unique about Molly? A．Molly's false leg has a smiling face. B．Molly accompanies her owner to school every day. C．Molly can speak to people in kind words. D．Molly is good at running and has won several awards. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，医生在Molly的假腿的底部放置了一个特殊的马蹄铁，马蹄铁上印着一张笑脸。由此可知，Molly的独特之处在于它的假腿上有一张笑脸。故选A。 课后课时作业(一) 115 4．Which is the best title for this passage? A．A false leg B．One day about Molly C．Molly and her smile mark D．A successful operation 解析：标题判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“Now, with every step ... ways, too.(现在，它每走一步，都在泥土上留下微笑。但它在其他地方也留下了自己的印记。)”和最后一段倒数第三句“Molly made them smile and gave them hope.”可知，最后一段为文章的主旨，整篇文章讲述的其实是一匹名叫Molly的小马和它的微笑印记。故选C。 课后课时作业(一) 116 B Constantin Levaditi was born in Galati, Romania in 1874. His family was poor and his father was a Greek immigrant who worked in the Galati port and his mother was Romanian. When he was only six years old he had to start working in a shop as both of his parents fell ill. His job was to deliver orders from his uncle's shop. After two years his parents died and he was taken into care by one of his relatives who worked as a nurse in a hospital. His relative noticed that he was very smart and sent him to school. After graduating from high school, he decided to study at the medical school in Bucharest where he studied under Professor Victor Babes. 课后课时作业(一) 117 Levaditi became a doctor in 1902 and then he specialized in researching tuberculosis (结核病) in Paris at the Louis Pasteur Institute and to Frankfurt, at the Experimental Therapy Institute. He also managed to contribute to the invention of the anti­polio vaccine (消除小儿麻痹症的疫苗) in 1913. Levaditi returned to Romania in 1919 as a researcher to teach at university but Romanian universities did not accept him as he criticized Romania's national health system and its political parties. He often said that it was not acceptable that the government did not care for its people and that there were not enough doctors and hospitals. Thus, he returned to France to continue his research in 1920. That same year he was invited to lead the Rockefeller Institute in New York but he refused. 课后课时作业(一) 118 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Constantin Levaditi (康斯坦丁·莱瓦迪提)的人生经历。 In 1926 Levaditi became a member of the Romanian Academy. Later on, he was in charge of the bacteriology French school and he devoted his last years to research on antibiotics (抗生素) and other medicines. 课后课时作业(一) 119 5.What do the first two paragraphs tell us about Levaditi? A．He went to school thanks to his teachers. B．He was born into a wealthy family. C．He lost his parents at an early age. D．He met with Victor Babes at high school. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句和第二段第一句可知，Levaditi因为父母生病，6岁时就不得不在一家商店工作了。两年后，他的父母去世了。由此可知，Levaditi很小就失去了父母。故选C。 课后课时作业(一) 120 6．What was one reason why Levaditi returned to France in 1920? A．The conflict between universities and political parties. B．His dissatisfaction with the health system in Romania. C．The invitation of the Rockefeller Institute. D．The lack of doctors and hospitals in France. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，1919年Levaditi作为一名研究员回到罗马尼亚，在大学任教，但罗马尼亚大学不接受他，因为他批评罗马尼亚的国家卫生系统及其政党。由此可推知，1920年Levaditi回到法国的原因是他对罗马尼亚卫生系统的不满。故选B。 课后课时作业(一) 121 7．Which of the following events about Levaditi happened first? A．He did a careful study of tuberculosis in Paris. B．He was in charge of the bacteriology French school. C．He became a member of the Romanian Academy. D．He devoted himself to the invention of anti­polio vaccine. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段和最后一段可知，Levaditi 1902年成为一名医生，随后在巴黎的路易斯巴斯德研究所和法兰克福的实验治疗所专门研究结核病。1913年他为发明消除小儿麻痹症的疫苗做出了贡献。1926年他成为罗马尼亚科学院的一员，后来他负责法国细菌学学院。故选项中事件发生的先后顺序为ADCB。故选A。 课后课时作业(一) 122 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The influence of Levaditi. B．A brief introduction of Levaditi. C．The development of bacteriology. D．The research on antibiotics. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是关于Levaditi的简介。故选B。 课后课时作业(一) 123 Ⅱ　七选五 The best medicine: laughter Laughter is the best medicine. It helps solve problems, improve relationships, and support both physical and emotional health. __1__ Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of your life. Laugh at yourself. This is one of the biggest differences between happy people and unhappy people. It communicates to both you and the people around you that it's no big deal. So be brave enough to share your embarrassing moments. __2__ When something negative happens, try to make it a humorous story that will make you and others laugh. 课后课时作业(一) 124 Surround yourself with amusing reminders to lighten up. Put up a funny poster in your office. Keep a toy on your desk or in your car. __3__ Frame photos of you and your family or friends having fun. All of these are good resources of laughter. __4__ Even if you don't consider yourself a humorous person, you can still seek out new friends who are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh. These are people who find humor in everyday events. Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious (传染的). When you are around them, you'll be more likely to laugh too. 课后课时作业(一) 125 Don't go a day without laughing. Set aside 10 minutes each day to do something that amuses you. You can watch some humorous videos or look at some funny photos online. __5__ Try thinking back to a joke you heard or read, or a comedy you watched. As long as you have a joyful heart and purposely make time to laugh, you'll be amazed at how differently you will begin to view your job, your family, your relationships and yourself. 课后课时作业(一) 126 A．Spend time with funny people. B．Go to a humorous play or a film that can make you burst out laughing. C．Choose a computer screensaver that makes you laugh. D．But not everyone is good at laughing genuinely and accurately. E．Try to be a lighthearted person. F．Attempt to laugh at your awkward situations rather than regret them. G．If you can't find any humor at hand, recall something funny. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐释了笑声的疗愈价值并提出了实用建议。 课后课时作业(一) 127 1．答案：D 解析：根据后文“Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of your life.(阅读下面的建议，学会让欢笑成为你生活的一部分。)”可知，虽然笑很有帮助，但是并不是每个人都擅长笑，所以本文提出了一些建议。故D项(但并不是每个人都擅长真实准确地笑。)符合语境。故选D。 课后课时作业(一) 128 2．答案：F 解析：根据后文“When something negative happens, try to make it a humorous story that will make you and others laugh.”可知，本句旨在建议把消极尴尬的事情拿来嘲笑，变成一个幽默的故事，让你和其他人都笑起来。故F项(试着嘲笑你的尴尬处境，而不是懊悔。)符合语境。故选F。 课后课时作业(一) 129 3．答案：C 解析：本段中心句“Surround yourself with amusing reminders to lighten up.”建议用一些东西作为欢笑的资源，来提醒自己微笑放松。根据前文“Put up a funny poster in your office. Keep a toy on your desk or in your car.(在你的办公室贴一张有趣的海报。在你的桌子上或车里放一个玩具。)”可知，这些都是欢笑的好资源。故C项(选择趣味屏保。)也是让你欢笑的资源，符合语境。故选C。 课后课时作业(一) 130 4．答案：A 解析：设空处是本段中心句。根据后文“Even if you don't consider yourself a humorous person, you can still seek out new friends who are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh. These are people who find humor in everyday events. Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious (传染的)．(花时间和有趣的人在一起。即使你不认为自己是一个幽默的人，你仍然可以寻找那些准备好笑和能让你笑的新朋友。这些人在日常生活中发现幽默。他们娱乐性的观点和笑声具有感染力。)”可推断，本段主要讲述那些有趣的人有感染力，所以当你在他们身边的时候，你也更有可能笑。由此可推知，A项(花时间和有趣的人在一起。)符合语境。故选A。 课后课时作业(一) 131 5．答案：G 解析：根据后文“Try thinking back to a joke you heard or read, or a comedy you watched.(试着回想一下你听到或读到的笑话，或你看过的喜剧。)”可知，本句是在说明可以通过回忆一些有趣的事情，来让自己笑。故G项(如果你手边找不到任何幽默的事，回忆一些有趣的事情。)符合语境。故选G。 课后课时作业(一) 132 Ⅲ　语法填空 Letters as a way of communication have long given way to phone calls and WeChat messages. But a TV show, Letters Alive, is helping bring this old way to keep in touch back __1__ the present. Letters Alive took __2__ (it) idea from a UK program, Letters Live, released in 2013. Both __3__ (show) feature (以……为主要组成) famous actors and actresses, but there __4__ (be) no eye­catching visual effects or any regular showbiz (娱乐圈) activities. Instead, it's just a live event __5__ remarkable letters selected from a wide time span and a diverse range of subjects are read. There is, for example, __6__ passionate letter from Huang Yongyu to playwright Cao Yu (剧作家曹禺) 30 years ago to criticize his lack of __7__ (creative)． 课后课时作业(一) 133 Every letter is like a small piece of history. By hearing them being read, it's as if we are being sent back in time __8__ (experience) a moment that we would otherwise never have had the chance to. Compared to published texts, letters also __9__ (natural) come with a personal touch. As well as celebrating the pain, joy, wisdom __10__ humor, Letters Alive contributes to promoting Chinese literature since first run. 课后课时作业(一) 134 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍几个独特的电视节目的表现形式，来表明《见字如面》这个电视节目对中国现当代文学传播的推动作用。 1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　 6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________ 课后课时作业(一) 135 1．答案：to 解析：考查介词。句意：但是一个电视节目《见字如面》将这种古老的方式连接到过去。back to是固定搭配，表示“回到……，连接到……”。故填to。 2．答案：its 解析：考查代词。根据设空后的名词idea可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 课后课时作业(一) 136 3．答案：shows 解析：考查名词。句意：两个节目都以著名的男女演员为主要组成部分。根据句意以及动词feature为动词原形可知，设空处应填名词复数。故填shows。 4．答案：are 解析：考查主谓一致。在or前面的中心词为effects，是复数，故谓语动词be应该是复数。故填are。 课后课时作业(一) 137 5．答案：where 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导。故填where。 6．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。句意：例如，30年前，黄永玉给剧作家曹禺写了一封热情洋溢的信，批评他缺乏创造力。此处泛指“一封信”，且passionate的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 课后课时作业(一) 138 7．答案：creativity 解析：考查词性转换。根据设空前的介词of可知，此处应用名词。故填creativity。 8．答案：to experience 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示我们被带回到过去的时光是为了经历我们永远没有机会经历的那一刻。应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to experience。 课后课时作业(一) 139 9．答案：naturally 解析：考查词性转换。句意：相比出版了的文章，信件也自然地带有私人情感。修饰谓语动词词组come with，应用副词，作状语。故填naturally。 10．答案：and 解析：考查连词。此处应用连词and连接pain, joy, wisdom和humor。故填and。 课后课时作业(一) 140 课后课时作业(二) 较易题(占比50%)　中档题(占比50%)　拔高题(占比0%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ A B 难度 ★★ ★ ★★ ★ 课后课时作业(二) 142 Ⅰ　完形填空 Jen is a 39­year­old community dancer with Down's Syndrome (唐氏综合征). She is the founder of Dance Syndrome, a non profit organization that brings together __1__ dancers and make them feel equal to everyone. Dancing has always been in her veins. As a young girl, Jen seized every opportunity to dance with full __2__ both in the morning and during her 10 minutes of __3__ before bedtime. The dynamic workout would keep her __4__ all day long. 课后课时作业(二) 143 Life hasn't been straightforward for Jen. She was __5__ by a number of dance clubs in primary school and encountered numerous __6__ while pursuing her passion for dance. Despite these challenges, her ambition to share her love for dance and __7__ disabled individuals in the art grew stronger. After leaving school at 18, Jen spent over 10 years searching __8__ for opportunities to be trained as a dance leader. Eventually, she had to give up and decided to try her own way, not knowing where it might lead! 课后课时作业(二) 144 Despite the __9__， Dance Syndrome was established in 2009. Jen and her fellow disabled dance leaders took __10__ of the charitable organization, working alongside non­disabled dance artists who helped them work more professionally. Over the decade, Dance Syndrome has __11__ thousands of disabled dancers, cultivating an environment where every person is recognized as equal, __12__ and accepted for who they are. The year 2019 witnessed Jen __13__ for the third time as a member of Shaw Trust's Disability Power 100. She is a living proof that __14__ can come from unexpected places and that disabled individuals can __15__ society in extraordinary ways. 课后课时作业(二) 145 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。身患唐氏综合征的Jen (珍)从小热爱跳舞，但追梦之路频繁受挫。在多次被拒之后，她并没有放弃梦想，而是和一群同样有着舞蹈梦想的身患残疾的同伴一起创立了Dance Syndrome，该组织为其他身患残疾的舞者提供帮助，开辟出一条残疾人的舞蹈之路。 课后课时作业(二) 146 1．A.confusing B．disabled C．talented D．clumsy 解析：根据前文“a non profit organization”以及第三段中的“disabled individuals”可知，Dance Syndrome是一个致力于帮助残疾人舞者的公益组织。故选B。 2．A.energy B．fear C．speed D．courage 解析：根据后文“The dynamic workout”可知，此处指充满活力(energy)。故选A。 课后课时作业(二) 147 3．A.concentration B．imagination C．relaxation D．celebration 解析：根据后文“before bedtime”可知，睡前应该是放松(relaxation)时间。故选C。 4．A.exhausted B．astonished C．motivated D．refreshed 解析：根据前文内容可知，Jen早晚都会活力满满地跳舞，锻炼给人带来的效果应该是正向的。因此，这项充满活力的锻炼能让她一整天都神清气爽(refreshed)。故选D。 课后课时作业(二) 148 5．A.held back B．left alone C．looked after D．turned down 解析：根据前文“Life hasn't been straightforward for Jen.”可知，Jen的生活并不顺利，在小学时被很多舞蹈社团拒绝(turn down)。故选D。 6．A.consequences B．barriers C．friends D．experiences 解析：根据后文“Despite these challenges”可知，此处表示遇到了很多阻碍(barrier)。故选B。 课后课时作业(二) 149 7．A.discover B．employ C．engage D．entertain 解析：根据第一段中的“She is the founder ... equal to everyone.”可知，此处表示使患有残疾的人加入这项艺术(舞蹈)。engage sb in ... 意为“使某人加入……”。故选C。 8．A.in particular B．in return C．in vain D．in advance 解析：根据后文“she had to give up”可知，她寻找机会没有成功(in vain)。故选C。 课后课时作业(二) 150 9．A.frustration B．progress C．curiosity D．uncertainty 解析：根据前文“not knowing where it might lead”可知，此处顺接前文，表示“尽管存在不确定性(uncertainty)，但是Dance Syndrome于2009年成立了”。故选D。 10．A.possession B．charge C．advantage D．control 解析：根据第一段中的“She is the founder of Dance Syndrome”可知，Jen和残疾人舞者们应该是负责(take charge of)这一公益性组织。故选B。 课后课时作业(二) 151 11．A.supported B．praised C．paid D．added 解析：根据后文“cultivating an environment ... who they are”可知，Dance Syndrome支持(support)了数千名残疾人舞者并为他们提供了帮助。故选A。 12．A.valued B．envied C．united D．rewarded 解析：根据前文“every person is recognized as equal”可知，此处表示“舞者们被平等对待、被重视(value)，被他人接受”。故选A。 课后课时作业(二) 152 13．A.regarded B．listed C．interviewed D．expected 解析：此处表示Jen第三次被列入(list)了Shaw Trust Disability 100名单。故选B。 14．A.inspiration B．friendship C．teamwork D．leadership 解析：根据前文内容可知，Jen是Dance Syndrome的创始人，是该组织的主要负责人之一，她带领成员们为更多残疾人舞者提供了帮助和支持，这些都体现了Jen的领导力。因此，本句表示“她向我们证明了领导力(leadership)也可以来自人们意想不到的地方”。故选D。 课后课时作业(二) 153 15．A.contribute to B．adapt to C．belong to D．live up to 解析：根据后文“society in extraordinary ways”可知，此处指残疾人以非凡的方式对社会做出了贡献。contribute to ... 意为“为……做出贡献”。故选A。 课后课时作业(二) 154 Ⅱ　阅读 A In our daily lives, we probably make silly mistakes. While these moments can be worrying, they can also be handled with humor. When we share a laugh at our mistakes, we can calm ourselves down with a thread of understanding and acceptance. 课后课时作业(二) 155 When one morning in a rush to school, I spilled (泼洒) my cup of orange juice. I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor. I raced back and forth to the sink (洗碗槽) with a kitchen cloth soaked (浸透) with juice to wash off. My legs were shaking as I watched from my window the school bus coming to my street. Within a minute, I had thrown the orange juice­soaked cloth to the sink and ran outside to join the group of kids in entering the bus. When thinking about my morning rush to clean up the spilled juice on the bus, I realized how much unnecessary stress and worry I put myself through. I ended up smiling to myself about my minor nervousness over spilled juice. 课后课时作业(二) 156 These days I don’t usually spill orange juice, but I do sometimes spill a bit of spaghetti sauce on my pants or put on my sweater backwards when I’m really tired and in a hurry for school. In each of my mistakes, I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously. It takes me a minute to calm down, take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness. It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humor in everyday moments. Humor, however, doesn't always have to arise from silly mistakes. Kids may have a good laugh at comic books, classic jokes and stories told by friends and parents. What matters more is not where you find the humor in life, but that you can appreciate it. 课后课时作业(二) 157 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。在生活中，我们总是会犯这样或那样的错误，我们应该怎么对待这种情况呢？作者结合个人的经历告诉我们：幽默可以使我们正确对待错误并使自己保持快乐。 课后课时作业(二) 158 1．When we make mistakes in our daily lives, we ________． A．should treat them properly B.may try to enjoy ourselves C．must know the value of them D.had better forget them in time 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“In our daily lives, we probably make silly mistakes. While these moments can be worrying, they can also be handled with humor. When we share a laugh at our mistakes, we can calm ourselves down with a thread of understanding and acceptance.(在我们的日常生活中，我们可能会犯愚蠢的错误。虽然这些时刻可能令人担忧，但也可以用幽默来处理。当我们为自己的错误而开怀大笑时，我们可以通过理解和接受来让自己冷静下来。)”可推知，我们应该正确地看待自己所犯的错误。故选A。 课后课时作业(二) 159 2．What did the author do before going to school in Paragraph 2? A．He prepared breakfast busily. B.He had some clothes washed. C．He made a cup of orange juice. D.He did some cleaning at home. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor. I raced back and forth to the sink (洗碗槽) with a kitchen cloth soaked (浸透) with juice to wash off.(我立刻想到我必须花宝贵的几分钟来清理地板。我拿着一块浸透了果汁的厨房布，跑到水池边去冲洗。)”可知，在上学之前作者做了一些清洗工作。故选D。 课后课时作业(二) 160 3．We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the author ________． A．makes many mistakes now and then B．tries to calm himself down with humor C．has been used to being busy every day D．always makes other people around happy 课后课时作业(二) 161 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In each of my mistakes, I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously. It takes me a minute to calm down, take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness. It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humor in everyday moments.(在我所犯的每一个错误中，我都试着提醒自己不要把自己看得太严肃。我花了一分钟的时间冷静下来，深吸一口气，对自己的粗心微笑。用不同的方式看待错误的能力使我能在日常生活中找到幽默。)”可知，作者用幽默安慰自己，让自己镇定下来。故选B。 课后课时作业(二) 162 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．We should try to find where humor lies. B．We can be happy by enjoying humor. C．It is natural for us to make mistakes. D．Reading is a good habit for every person. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What matters more is not where you find the humor in life, but that you can appreciate it.(重要的不是你在哪里发现生活的幽默，而是你能欣赏它。)”可推知，作者认为，更重要的是我们要会欣赏幽默，才能生活得快乐。故选B。 课后课时作业(二) 163 B Dave Goodman started working comedy clubs all over the country such as Cambridge and Hawaii. After years of waking up in a different port every day, Dave eventually put down roots in Southern California. Apart from acting, Dave also published his first book in 2015 Confessions of a Cruise Ship Comedian, which quickly climbed the Amazon Best Sellers List and achieved numerous 5 Star reviews. In addition to having traveled millions of miles entertaining and making people laugh around the world Dave also performs for our troops stationed all over the globe. Dave has made numerous trips to the Pacific Rim, Hawaii and across the United States entertaining the military. This experience has made Dave gain great respect from people around the world. 课后课时作业(二) 164 At the age of 37, Dave weighed approximately 356 pounds, making him a heavy guy and had already suffered a heart attack. Many people who struggle with their weight are unsatisfied with their lives and Dave was certainly no exception. Dave had battled with his weight for his entire life. Since Dave's coping mechanism was humor, this made him an awesome comedian—a rising star of television and film, whose brilliant career took him all around the world. Onstage, Dave was a master at making people laugh, but offstage, he felt miserable as his weight increased so quickly that it was out of control. 课后课时作业(二) 165 　The turning point happened when Dave made a promise to his dying friend, to lose weight and gradually get healthy. That's when Dave made it his mission to turn his life around. In under 18 months and with a new way of recovering fitness, going on a diet, adopting doctor's advice and receiving encouragement from relatives, Dave lost an incredible 175 pounds, nearly 50% of his total body weight. Through his journey, Dave has learned the importance of living with a healthy mental attitude and physical lifestyle. 篇章导读：篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了喜剧演员Dave (戴夫)通过减肥重获健康的故事。 课后课时作业(二) 166 5．What can we infer from Paragraph 1? A．Dave is a celebrity of diverse abilities. B．Dave is a responsible and determined man. C．Dave's first book was widely accepted by readers. D．Dave settled down in Southern California with his wife. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Apart from acting ... achieved numerous 5 Star reviews.(除了表演，Dave还在2015年出版了他的第一本书《一个游轮喜剧演员的自白》，这本书很快登上了亚马逊畅销书排行榜，获得了无数的五星好评。)”可推知，Dave的第一本书在读者中很受认可，被读者广泛接受。故选C。 课后课时作业(二) 167 6．Which of the following made Dave get global respect? A．Dave's success example of losing weight. B．Dave has offered considerable shows to the army. C．Dave's outstanding career caught much attention. D．Dave has travelled many places to entertain people. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dave has made ... around the world.(Dave曾多次前往环太平洋地区，夏威夷和美国各地娱乐军队。这一经历使Dave赢得了世界各地人们的极大尊重。)”可知，Dave为世界各地的军人表演而受到尊重。故选B。 课后课时作业(二) 168 7．Where did Dave's mental pain come from? A．His unwelcome performance. B．His rapidly increasing weight. C．His unsatisfying acting accomplishment. D．His unpleasant suffering of a heart attack. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Onstage, Dave was ... out of control.(在舞台上，Dave是逗人发笑的大师，但在舞台下，他感到痛苦，因为他的体重增加得太快，以至于失去了控制。)”可知，舞台下，让Dave痛苦的是失控的体重。故选B。 课后课时作业(二) 169 8.Why did Dave make up his mind to lose weight? A．His heart disease. B．His doctor's advice. C．His relatives' encouragement. D．His commitment to his friend. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The turning point happened when Dave made a promise to his dying friend, to lose weight and gradually get healthy. (转折点发生在Dave向他垂死的朋友承诺要减肥并逐渐恢复健康的时候。)”可知，Dave下定决心减肥是由于对即将去世的朋友的承诺。故选D。 课后课时作业(二) 170 Ⅲ　语法填空 While the story of “The Farmer and The Mule (骡子)” makes us smile, it does have wisdom in it. It reminded me about defeating adversity (逆境)． __1__ we handle adversity determines our success in life. One of my __2__ (thought) on adversity is, “Adversity is a fact of life. It can't __3__ (control). What we can control is how we react to it.” 课后课时作业(二) 171 When __4__ (face) with adversity, we can give up the negative attitude. Or we can look on adversity __5__ an opportunity to find other ways to do things. We should be __6__ (determine) and persistent. It all comes down to your choice and it is a choice of attitude! You see, the farmer thought the mule was not worth __7__ (save) when it fell into a well accidentally, __8__ he just put it out of its misery by burying it. Despite the farmer's best efforts to bury it, the mule __9__ (resist) until it was able to climb out of the well on top of all the dirt that was thrown in after it. 课后课时作业(二) 172 　 The mule, despite the fact that it was __10__ (constant) in a deep well, would not give up. The mule simply shook the dirt off little by little, never giving up the will to live by climbing out of the well. 1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　 6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过《农夫和骡子》的故事告诉我们：面对逆境，我们要积极，要坚定并坚持不懈，才能最终战胜逆境。 课后课时作业(二) 173 解析：考查主语从句的连接词。句意：如何处理逆境决定我们在生活中的成功。主语从句__1__ we handle adversity主谓宾齐全，结合句意，用how作方式状语符合语境，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填How。 1．答案： How 解析：考查名词。形容词性物主代词my修饰名词，one of后接名词复数。故填thoughts。 2．答案： thoughts 课后课时作业(二) 174 解析：考查动词的语态。由can't可知，control是谓语动词，It指代上文提到的Adversity，与control是被动关系，应用be＋过去分词。故填be controlled。 3．答案： be controlled 解析：考查省略句型。When faced with adversity是时间状语从句When we are faced with adversity的省略，当主句和从句的主语一致，从句谓语动词是be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。故填faced。 4．答案： faced 课后课时作业(二) 175 解析：考查介词。句意：或者我们可以把逆境视作一次找到其他方法做事情的机会。look on ... as “把……看作”，是固定短语。故填as。 5．答案： as 解析：考查词性转换。句意：我们应该是坚定的并坚持不懈的。be动词后接形容词作表语，determined “坚定的”。故填determined。 6．答案： determined 解析：考查非谓语动词。be worth doing sth “值得做某事”，是固定用法。故填saving。 7．答案： saving 课后课时作业(二) 176 解析：考查连词。句意：你看，农夫认为骡子不值得救，当它意外地掉进一口井时，他把它埋了，使它摆脱痛苦。 上下文是因果关系或递进关系。故填so/and。 8．答案： so/and 解析：考查动词的时态。根据下文“was able to”可知，用一般过去时。故填resisted。 9．答案： resisted 解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语。故填constantly。 10．答案： constantly 课后课时作业(二) 177 R eq \o(○,\s\up5(21))______ vi.& n. 打喷嚏 eq \o(○,\s\up5(22))_______ vi. 尖声大叫　n. 尖叫声 $$