Unit 3 Fit for life 现在完成进行时（单元核心语法精练）英语译林版2020选择性必修第二册

Unit 3 Fit for life 核心语法精练(现在完成进行时) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单句语法填空 1-5 二、完成句子 5-7 三、句型转换 7-9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 9-10 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) 10-14 一、单句语法填空 1. They ________(make) great efforts, but in vain now. 【答案】have been making 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们一直在付出巨大的努力，但现在是徒劳的。make great efforts“付出巨大的努力”。此处表示表过去开始而刚刚结束的动作，时态应用现在完成进行时，其结构为have/has been doing，主语They是复数，助动词用have。故填have been making。 2. Since the beginning of the new year, he ________(work) on the farm. 【答案】has been working 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：自新年伊始，他一直在农场劳作。根据时间状语“Since the beginning of the new year(自新年开始)”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，且根据语境暗示“可能仍在继续”，需用现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)来强调动作的持续性和未完成性。主语为第三人称单数he，助动词用has。故填 has been working。 3. All these years they ________(contribute) articles to our magazine. 【答案】have been contributing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些年来，他们一直在为我们的杂志撰稿。分析句子结构可知，动词contribute“投稿”为本句的谓语动词，根据时间状语all these years“这些年来”可知，投稿的动作持续了很多年，且有可能继续延续下去，谓语动词使用现在完成进行时have been doing符合语境。故答案为have been contributing。 4. The researchers ________(commit) themselves to this project for over five years, and they’re still making progress. 【答案】have been committing 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这些研究人员已经致力于这个项目超过五年了，而且他们仍在不断取得进展。commit为动词，表示“投入、委托”，commit oneself to表示“致力于、投身于”，在句中作谓语；根据时间状语“for over five years”和“and they’re still making progress”可知，该句表示从过去到现在一直进行的动作，并且现在仍在进行，故应用现在完成进行时，主语是“researchers”，谓语为复数。故填have been committing。 5. The building, which ________(build) for three months, will be completed next month. 【答案】has been being built 【详解】考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：这座已经建造了三个月的大楼将于下个月完工。根据时间状语“for three months”以及“will be completed next month”可知，build这一动作从过去开始持续到现在，且可能继续持续到将来，应用现在完成进行时；在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，which指代The building，为单数名词，且与build之间为被动关系，故用现在完成进行时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been being built。 6. For forty years Jane Goodall ________(help) the rest of the world understand and respect the life of wild animals. 【答案】has been helping 【详解】考查时态。句意：四十年来，Jane Goodall一直在帮助世界其他地方了解和尊重野生动物的生活。根据时间状语“For forty years”可知，句子描述的是从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且有可能继续持续下去，所以应用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been doing”，主语Jane Goodall是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，help的现在分词是helping。故填has been helping。 7. It is clear that the number of undergraduates ________(increase) since 1999.) 【答案】has increased/has been increasing 【详解】考查时态。句意：很明显，自1999年以来，本科生的数量一直在增加。根据句中的时间状语since 1999”知，句子描述的是从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去的动作，故可以使用现在完成时“have/has + 过去分词”或现在完成进行时“have/has been + 现在分词”，主语the number of undergraduates表示“本科生的数量”，是单数概念，助动词用has。故填has increased/has been increasing。 8. My classmates ________(practise) the English drama for days in order to perform well in the upcoming Cultural Festival. 【答案】have been practising 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：为了在即将到来的文化节上表现出色，我的同学们已经练习了好几天的英语剧了。根据“for days”和句意可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，且可能持续下去，使用现在完成进行时，主语classmates表示复数意义，助动词使用have。故填have been practising。 9. An old hand at photography, Tim ________(shoot) wildlife as a hobby for the last 13 years. 【答案】has been shooting 【详解】考查时态。句意：作为摄影界的老手，Tim在过去的13年里一直将拍摄野生动物作为爱好。shoot“拍摄”。本空作谓语，根据时间状语“for the last 13 years”可知，句子描述从过去开始一直持续到现在，并将继续持续下去的动作，时态应用现在完成进行时，主语Tim是第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has been shooting。 10. The researchers ________(analyze) climate data from satellite images since January. 【答案】have been analyzing 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从一月，研究者就一直在分析卫星图像的气候数据。此处作谓语动词，主语为The researchers，为复数，且根据时间状语since January可知，此处应用现在完成时，且此处意为“一直在分析”，故应用现在完成进行时，故填have been analyzing。 11. I ________(wait) for you for two hours. When will you be back? 【答案】have been waiting 【详解】考查时态。句意：我已经等了你两个小时了。你什么时候回来？根据时间状语“for two hours”可知，这个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，结构为“have/has been doing”，主语为I，助动词用have，wait的现在分词为waiting。故填have been waiting。 12. That’s the third time he’s won the award in this field. He ________(explore) his maximum potential in the past decade. 【答案】has been exploring 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：那是他第三次在这个领域获奖了。在过去的十年里，他一直在挖掘自己的最大潜力。根据句意和时间状语 in the past decade可知，该句强调从过去持续到现在的动作，并且这个动作可能还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时的结构是“have/has been + 现在分词”，主语He是第三人称单数，助动词用has，explore的现在分词是exploring。故填has been exploring。 13. The number of students in our school ________(increase) steadily in the past few years. 【答案】has increased/has been increasing 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我们学校的学生人数稳步增长。根据后文in the past few years此处可理解为过去发生的动作持续到现在，用现在完成时；或理解为过去发生的动作持续到现在，不间断进行，用现在完成进行时；主语为The number of +复数名词，谓语单数形式，助动词用has。故填has increased/has been increasing。 14. He ________(long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true. 【答案】has been longing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从他还是个小男孩的时候，他就渴望上大学。现在他的梦想实现了。根据句意以及时间状语从句since he was a little boy可知，此处为现在完成进行时，表示从过去一直持续到现在，刚刚结束的动作，主语为第三人称单数，所以主句谓语动词为has been longing。故填has been longing。 15. Scientists ________(wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go. 【答案】have been wrestling 【详解】考查时态。句意：几十年来，科学家们一直在努力寻找遗传标记的位置，还有很长的路要走。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语Scientists与wrestle为主动关系，for decades表明这个动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时的结构是“have/has been + 现在分词”，主语Scientists是复数，助动词用have。故填 have been wrestling。 16. I ________(look) for my lost keys everywhere but still haven’t found them. 【答案】have been looking 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一直在到处寻找我丢失的钥匙，但仍然没有找到它们。look for(寻找)是谓语动词，根据“but still haven’t found them”可知，寻找钥匙这个动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，并且还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have been looking。 17. During the past decade, he ________(photograph)the city, and sharing these photos online and in exhibitions. 【答案】has been photographing 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。根据上文“During the past decade”可知，本句为现在完成时。再根据“sharing”可知，本句为现在完成进行时。故填has been photographing。 18. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers ________(remain) largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes ________(entertain) readers for well over a century. 【答案】have remained; has been entertaining 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：Doyle的许多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文在很大程度上仍然被人们遗忘，但Sherlock Holmes已经让读者们开心了一个多世纪了。根据句意，第一空描述的是过去的事实对现在的影响，因此第一空应使用现在完成时have/ has done，主语Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers是复数形式，remain的过去分词是remained，答案为have remained；第二空表示福尔摩斯的故事“一直吸引着读者”，从过去持续到现在的动作，并且还会继续下去，因此第二空应用现在完成进行时have/ has been doing来强调动作的持续性，主语Sherlock Holmes是第三人称单数，entertain的现在分词为entertaining，答案为has been entertaining。故填①have remained，②has been entertaining。 19. We ________(reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them. 【答案】have reduced/have been reducing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，我们已经(一直在)减少空气污染物的排放，但汽车仍然是主要的污染源。根据时间状语in recent years可知，句子为现在完成时，主语为We，助动词用have；也可以表示过去发生的事情一直延续到现在，用现在完成进行时have been doing。故填have reduced/have been reducing。 20. Scientists ________(do) research on the disease all the time since it was first discovered in the early 20th century. 【答案】have been doing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自20世纪初首次发现这种疾病以来，科学家们一直在研究这种疾病。根据“since it was first discovered in the early 20th century”以及句意可知，句子要用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been +现在分词”，主语是Scientists，所以填have been doing，表示科学家们一直在对其进行研究。故填have been doing。 二、完成句子 1. 他们又累又饿又渴，因为他们整个上午都在种树。 They are very tired, hungry and thirsty, because they ________________ all the morning. 【答案】have been planting trees 【详解】考查动词时态。“植树”翻译为plant trees；表示“整个上午都在……”应该用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，没有中断；主语是they，助动词用have。故填have been planting trees。 2. 你刚才在哪儿？我们一直在到处找你。(完成时) Where have you been? We ________________ for you everywhere. 【答案】have been looking 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。根据“你刚才在哪儿？”可知，“找你”这个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，强调动作的持续性，符合现在完成进行时“have/has been doing”的用法，主语We是复数，助动词使用have，“寻找”使用动词短语look for。故填have been looking。 3. 我已经考虑这个问题很长时间了。 I ________________ this issue ________________. 【答案】have been considering; for a long time 【详解】考查动词时态和时间状语。for a long time可表示为“很长时间”作状语，consider可表示为“考虑”，根据时间状语以及句意可知，应用现在完成进行时，主语为I，故应使用have been considering。故填have been considering；for a long time。 4. This is the very book ________________ for several days. 这正是我找了好几天的那本书。 【答案】that I have been looking for 【详解】考查定语从句。“我找了好几天的”处理为修饰book的定语从句，从句主语是I，谓语“寻找”表达为look for，结合语境和时间状语for several days可知，此处陈述从过去开始且刚刚结束的动作，用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have，代替先行词book在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that引导。故填that I have been looking for。 5. All these years ________________ articles to our magazine. 这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。 【答案】they have been contributing 【详解】考查时态。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“他们一直为……写稿”，“他们”用代词they，作主语，“为……写稿”译为contribute articles to...；根据时间状语“All these years”以及句意可知，此处表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，而且可能还会继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，其结构为have/has been doing，主语they是复数，助动词用have。故填they have been contributing。 6. Recently, my little pet dog ________________. 近几天，我的宠物小狗总是在吠叫(be doing)。 【答案】has been barking 【详解】考查时态。“吠叫”bark，根据时间状语Recently以及句意“总是在”可知，句子要用现在完成进行时，表示过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作，且强调动作一直正在进行，主语my little pet dog为第三人称单数，所以助动词要用has。故填has been barking。 7. 自从新学期开始以来，约翰一直在努力学习。 John ________ ________ ________hard since the new term began. 【答案】has been working/studying 【详解】考查时态。“努力学习”用短语work/study hard，since the new term began表示从新学期开始到现在的一段时间，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并且有可能继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时。故填has been working/studying。 8. 自新学期开始，他一直在努力学习。 ________________ since the new term began. 【答案】He has been working hard 【详解】考查现在完成进行时态。“他一直在努力学习”是主句，主语“他”用人称代词he，“努力学习”用动词短语work hard，结合时间状语“since the new term began”可知，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去的动作，要用现在完成进行时态，且主语是第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式。故填He has been working hard。 9. It ________________ heavily since last night. If you go out now, it’s easy to get wet. 从昨晚开始雨就一直在下，如果你现在出去很容易被淋湿。 【答案】has been raining 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。根据时间状语“since last night”以及下文“If you go out now, it’s easy to get wet.”可知，句子表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在且还在继续，所以用现在完成进行时，谓语为have/has been doing；主语“It”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”，“下雨”用动词“rain”，其现在分词是“raining”，故填①has②been③raining。 10. 自从新学期开始以来，约翰一直在努力学习。 John ________ ________ ________ hard since the new term began. 【答案】has been working/studying 【详解】考查时态。“努力学习”用短语work/study hard。since the new term began表示从新学期开始到现在的一段时间，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并且有可能继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时。故填has been working/studying。 三、句型转换。 1. He often goes to school by bike.(改为现在完成进行时) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He has been going to school by bike. 【详解】考查时态。句意：他经常骑自行车上学。现在完成进行时的结构为“have/has been + 现在分词”，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去。根据主语He为第三人称单数，故用has been going。删除原句中的时间副词often。故填He has been going to school by bike. 2. I tried to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I have been trying to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 【详解】考查时态。句意：我今天早上一直在给你打电话。我在这里抓到你之前一定试过十几次了。根据题目要求可知，需要把第一句话变成现在完成进行时态，该时态表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，也有可能一直持续下去。结构为“has/have been doing sth.”。主语为I。故答案为I have been trying to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 3. Diane hasn’t got much sleep this week. She looks terrible today.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She looks terrible today. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：戴安这周睡得不好。她今天看起来糟透了。第一句为现在完成时，改为现在完成进行时，用has been doing结构，表示“没有睡好”用hasn’t been sleeping well。故填Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She looks terrible today. 4. Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired after playing table tennis for two hours.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：蒂米拿着一根乒乓球拍，他的短发被汗水浸湿了。打了两个小时的乒乓球后，他看起来有点累。后一句改为现在完成进行时，为：他已经打了两个小时的乒乓球了，所以他看起来有点累。现在完成进行时结构为have been doing，打乒乓球play table tennis，句子可以改写为He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired. 故答案为Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired. 5. Steve started to play rugby at the age of eight. Now he has become a professional player.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Steve has been playing rugby since the age of eight. Now he has become a professional player. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：史蒂夫八岁时开始打橄榄球。现在他已成为一名职业球员。根据题目要求可知，用have been doing结构来改成现在完成进行时，因为主语Steve是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，且将原句中的play改为playing，将at改为现在完成时的标志词since，其余不变。故答案为Steve has been playing rugby since the age of eight. Now he has become a professional player. 6. The dog started to bark about two hours ago. I really hope it will stop soon.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The dog has been barking for about two hours. I really hope it will stop soon. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：狗已经叫了大约两个小时了。我真希望天气能快点过去。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，原句The dog started to bark about two hours ago.部分可转换为现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续进行下去，为have being done形式，谓语动词使用延续性动词bark，时间状语改成for about two hours。故答案是：The dog has been barking for about two hours. I really hope it will stop soon. 7. She suffered from a bad cold when taking the exam.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She has been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：她考试时患了重感冒。根据题目要求可知，表示现在完成进行时，谓语可用have been doing结构，因为主语she是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has；因为主句中的现在完成时表示动作从过去开始，所以when引导的从句中时态应该用一般过去式，谓语动词用took。故答案为She has been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 8. We began to expect the news some time ago.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We have been expecting the news for some time. 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们在一段时间前开始期待这个消息。原句表示动作开始于过去并持续到现在，且强调动作的延续性，应用现在完成进行时。将时间状语some time ago改为for some time，表示动作持续的时间。谓语began to expect改为have been expecting。主语we是复数，助动词用have。句意：我们期待这个消息已经有一段时间了。故答案为：We have been expecting the news for some time。 9. We looked for you everywhere.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We have been looking for you everywhere. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：我们一直在到处寻找你。描述从过去开始一直持续到现在，还可能继续下去的动作，且强调动作在这段时间一直正在进行，用现在完成进行时，且we和look for为主动关系。故答案为We have been looking for you everywhere. 10. She began to write the letter from four o’clock in the afternoon.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She has been writing the letter since four o’clock in the afternoon. 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她从下午四点开始写这封信。原句“She began to write the letter from four o’clock in the afternoon.”表示：她从下午四点钟开始写信。write“写”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并将继续持续下去，句子时态应用现在完成进行时，又因主语She是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。begin是短暂性动词，不能和短时间连用，将began to write替换为has been writing，其余不变。故答案是：She has been writing the letter since four o’clock in the afternoon。 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 1. Reading As we all know, genes play a crucial role in shaping our lives. It helps determine how long we live and 1.________(affect) our chances of contracting certain diseases. Geneticists believe genome editing is an effective means 2.________ treating and preventing diseases. In the near future, they hope to use the technology to treat 3.________ wide range of health problems. It could be used to restore a blind person’s sight or to bring excellent hearing to the people 4.________ were born deaf. 5.________(ultimate), the new technology may even, prevent the development of diseases by correcting 6.________(normal) genes. We will be able to use genome editing to increase the human 7.________(resist) to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses, or to make them more intelligent. However, we must find ways to prohibit the technology from running wild, which means 8.________(put)appropriate controls in place to ensure that genome editing will work to our advantage. There is still much 9.________(explore) on genome editing. 10.________t doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. 2. Extended reading One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is Chinese acupuncture, which dates back 1.________ the Stone Age. Stone tools were used to press areas of the body, 2.________(replace) by stone needles later. 3.________(original), there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape. During a visit to the acupuncture clinic, the acupuncturist first examines the patient, then followed by 4.________(ask) some questions about the patient’s condition and feeling his or her pulse. All checkups are made 5.________(select) certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated. Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat 6.________ wide variety of health problems, more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and 7.________(anxious) too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, 8.________(drug) or tobacco. Today, acupuncture is recognized 9.________ a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and 10.________(come) into widespread use around the world already. 【答案】 1. Reading 1. affects 2. of 3. a 4. who/that 5. Ultimately 6. abnormal 7. resistance 8. putting 9. to be explored 10. Without 2. Extended reading 1. to 2. replaced 3. Originally 4. asking 5. to select 6. a 7. anxiety 8. drugs 9. as 10. has come 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) A On a March morning, five-year-old Hama Moctar stepped into the General Referral Hospital of Niamey in Niger for a follow-up 1 (appoint). Just 100 days after surgery, his legs, once shortened and fractured(骨折), now carry him 2 (secure). Three years earlier, Moctar suffered a severe fracture in his left femur(股骨). Persistent infections followed, and his leg 3 (leave)10 centimeters shorter. While the local doctors insisted amputation(截肢)was the only way, Mr Nong, a specialist from China’s medical aid team to Niger, proposed 4 alternative: the Ilizarov Technique. With the equipment from China and tightly 5 (combine) efforts, Chinese and the local surgeons performed the complex operation. Today, both of Moctar’s legs are equal 6 length and he can walk freely again. Built by China in August 2016, the hospital is one of West Africa’s largest medical facilities. It symbolizes a close partnership 7 spans(跨越)over half a century. Since 1976, Chinese medical teams 8 (work) tirelessly in Niger, a nation on the southern edge of the Sahara Desert, 9 (make) significant contributions to the country’s healthcare system. “Our partnership with China is 10 (fruit),” said Mamane Daou, general director of the hospital, adding that the Chinese medical team has not only sent skilled doctors but also provided vital medical equipment. “Their expertise and dedication have earned our highest respect,” he said. 【答案】 1. appointment 2. securely 3. was left 4. an 5. combined 6. in 7. that/which 8. have worked/have been working 9. making 10. fruitful 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章通过讲述中国医疗队帮助尼日尔男孩治疗腿疾来体现中尼半个多世纪的医疗合作成果。 1. 考查名词。句意：三月的一个早晨，五岁的哈马・莫克塔尔走进尼日尔尼亚美综合转诊医院，进行一次复诊。空处作介词for的宾语，名词appointment“预约”符合句意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填appointment。 2. 考查副词。句意：手术后仅100天，他那曾经短缩且骨折的双腿，如今已能稳稳地支撑他行走。修饰动词carry，应用提示词的副词形式securely作状语，意为“安全地，牢牢地”。故填securely 3. 考查时态和语态。句意：持续的感染接踵而至，他的腿因此短了10厘米。空处为and并列句的谓语动词，陈述过去发生的事情，且主语his leg和leave“使……处于”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故填was left。 4. 考查冠词。句意：尽管当地医生坚持认为截肢是唯一的办法，但中国援尼日尔医疗队的专家农先生提出了另一种方案：伊利扎罗夫技术。alternative“可供代替的方法”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，且该单词的发音是元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：借助来自中国的器械，在中国外科医生与当地外科医生的紧密协作下，这台复杂的手术顺利完成。空处应用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词efforts，二者为逻辑被动关系，故用过去分词combined。故填combined。 6. 考查介词。句意：如今，莫克塔尔的双腿长度已恢复一致，他又能自如行走了。表达“在某方面相等”用be equal in。故填in。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：这象征着一段跨越半个多世纪的紧密合作关系。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词partnership指物，代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。 8. 考查时态。句意：自1976年以来，中国医疗队在撒哈拉沙漠南缘的尼日尔不懈工作，为该国的医疗体系作出了重大贡献。空处为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语Since 1976可知，句子应用现在完成时表示动作从过去持续到现在，或用现在完成进行时表示动作还会继续下去，主语terms是复数，助动词用have。故填have worked/have been working。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：自 1976 年以来，中国医疗队在撒哈拉沙漠南缘的尼日尔不懈工作，为该国的医疗体系作出了重大贡献。句中已有谓语动词have worked/have been working，空处应用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语Chinese medical teams为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填making。 10. 考查形容词。句意：“我们与中国的合作成果丰硕，” 该医院院长马马内・达乌表示，并补充道，中国医疗队不仅派遣了技术精湛的医生，还提供了至关重要的医疗设备。空处作表语，结合下文“the Chinese medical team has not only sent skilled doctors but also provided vital medical equipment”可知，合作的成果是丰硕的，形容词fruitful“成果丰硕的”符合题意。故填fruitful。 B Aimed at achieving near-complete service availability by June 2025, China is 11 (active) promoting the establishment of weight management clinics in qualified hospitals nationwide, 12 (mark) the launch of the “Weight Management Year” initiative(倡议) with the call of “The country is inviting you to lose weight”. The statement, jointly 13 (release) by China’s National Health Commission(NHC) and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, noted that the initiative will cover all general hospitals, children’s hospitals and traditional Chinese medicine hospitals under these two authorities, as well as those under provincial-level governments in China. So far major hospitals 14 (urge) to set up obesity(肥胖) prevention and control centers. These centers aim 15 (provide) in-patient weight management services. Healthcare institutions at the primary level should both provide education, follow-up and health management services, 16 improve the shift processes, the statement said. Hospitals are also encouraged to adopt 17 integrated approach using Internet technologies, AI and wearable devices to improve 18 (they) services, the statement added. According to the statement, these weight management clinics will follow classified management. They will offer 19 (thought) and personalized services to key groups such as the elderly, children, and patients with long-term illnesses to better serve them in providing targeted healthcare. This push responds to an alarming fact: Over 50% of Chinese adults and nearly 20% of children and young people aged 6-17 are overweight, 20 raises risks of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart diseases. 【答案】 11. actively 12. marking 13. released 14. have been urged 15. to provide 16. and 17. an 18. their 19. thoughtful 20. which 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国推进医院体重管理门诊建设，应对超重肥胖问题，提升健康服务。 11. 考查副词。句意：为了在2025年6月前实现近乎全面的服务可用性，中国正在全国范围内积极推动在有资质的医院建立体重管理诊所，标志着以“国家喊你来减肥”为口号的“体重管理年”倡议的启动。空处修饰动词promoting，应用副词actively作状语，表示“积极地”。故填actively。 12. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在2025年6月前实现近乎全面的服务可用性，中国正在全国范围内积极推动在有资质的医院建立体重管理诊所，标志着以“国家喊你来减肥”为口号的“体重管理年”倡议的启动。mark在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语China is actively promoting the establishment of weight management clinics in qualified hospitals nationwide构成主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填marking。 13. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家卫生健康委员会和国家中医药管理局联合发布的声明指出，该倡议将覆盖这两大部门下属的所有综合医院、儿童医院和中医医院，以及中国省级政府下属的医院。release在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语The statement构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填released。 14. 考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，各大医院已被敦促建立肥胖预防和控制中心。根据上文So far可知，应用现在完成时，且hospitals与urge之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为major hospitals，助动词用have。故填have been urged。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些中心旨在提供住院体重管理服务。结合句意表示“旨在做某事”可知，短语为aim to do sth.，故用不定式to provide作宾语。故填to provide。 16. 考查连词。句意：基层医疗机构既要提供教育、随访和健康管理服务，又要完善转诊流程。此处“provide education, follow-up and health management services”与“improve the shift processes”为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 17. 考查冠词。句意：声明还补充道，医院也被鼓励采用一种整合互联网技术、人工智能和可穿戴设备的方法，以改善其服务。approach为可数名词，此处表泛指“一种方法”应用不定冠词，且integrated是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 18. 考查代词。句意：声明还补充道，医院也被鼓励采用一种整合互联网技术、人工智能和可穿戴设备的方法，以改善其服务。空处修饰后文名词services，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 19. 考查形容词。句意：它们将为老年人、儿童和长期患病的患者等重点人群提供周到和个性化的服务，以便更好地为他们提供有针对性的医疗服务。空处与personalized并列修饰名词services，应用形容词thoughtful“周到的”，作定语。故填thoughtful。 20. 考查定语从句。句意：这一推动是对一个令人震惊的事实的回应：超过50%的中国成年人和近20%的6-17岁儿童和青少年超重，这增加了患糖尿病和心脏病的风险。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 C I graduated from the Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 1994, and 21 (work) in orthopedics(骨科) for 26 years by the time I took part in 22 Chinese Medical Volunteers tour in Yushu, Qinghai province in August 2020. Then, I used TCM approaches, such as acupuncture and 23 (herb) patches(贴片) on acupuncture points to treat a variety of health problems, including knee injuries, aching muscles and sharp pains. These conditions are 24 (primary) caused by the local people’s herding practices and the tough environment 25 they live, and are also associated with some of their unhealthy living habits. TCM methods can only relieve the pain for a short time, and sometimes they are unable to address the fundamental causes. So, I suggested that Chinese Medical Volunteers perform surgeries locally 26 bring the patients to better developed regions for treatment. The plan came to fruition, and we successfully completed surgeries on 21 patients. One surgery had to 27 (cancel) because the patient had severe heart failure. As the head of the surgical team, I was 28 a lot of pressure because we were responsible for ensuring the safety of every patient, 29 (rid) them of their pain and improving their quality of life. The goal of our action was not just to conduct surgeries, but also 30 (provide) local medical workers with hands - on training, so local villagers would still be able to access quality treatment conveniently after we left. 【答案】 21. had worked 22. the 23. herbal 24. primarily 25. where 26. or 27. be cancelled 28. under 29. ridding 30. to provide 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为山西中医药大学的毕业生，在骨科工作26年后，参与青海玉树中国医疗志愿者巡诊的经历，包括使用中医方法治疗当地居民、提出手术建议以及作为手术团队负责人的压力与目标等。 21. 考查动词时态。句意：我于1994年毕业于山西中医药大学，到2020年8月参加青海玉树中国医疗志愿者巡诊时，已经在骨科工作了26年。根据时间状语“by the time I took part in”可知，此处描述的是过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应使用过去完成时。故填had worked。 22. 考查冠词。句意：同上。此处特指“中国医疗志愿者巡诊”这一活动，因此用定冠词“the”。故填the。 23. 考查形容词。句意：然后，我使用中医方法，如针灸和穴位上的草药贴片来治疗各种健康问题，包括膝盖受伤、肌肉酸痛和剧痛。“patches”是名词，需要用形容词作定语来修饰，“herb”的形容词形式是“herbal”，意为“草药的”。故填herbal。 24. 考查副词。句意：这些情况主要是由当地居民的放牧习惯和他们生活的艰苦环境造成的，也与他们的一些不健康生活习惯有关。“caused”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，“primary”的副词形式是“primarily”，意为“主要地”。故填primarily。 25. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为定语从句，先行词是“the tough environment”，在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。 26. 考查连词。句意：因此，我建议中国医疗志愿者在当地进行手术，或者将病人带到更发达的地区进行治疗。根据句意可知，此处表示两种选择的关系，因此用连词“or”连接。故填or。 27. 考查被动语态。句意：有一台手术不得不取消，因为病人患有严重的心力衰竭。“cancel”与“One surgery”之间是被动关系，即“手术被取消”，且句子描述的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，且had to后应接动词原形。故填be cancelled。 28. 考查介词。句意：作为手术团队的负责人，我承受着很大的压力，因为我们要负责确保每位患者的安全，消除他们的痛苦，提高他们的生活质量。“under pressure”是固定短语，意为“在压力下”。故填under。 29. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处与“ensuring the safety of every patient”和“improving their quality of life”并列，作介词“for”的宾语，因此用rid的动名词形式。故填ridding。 30. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们行动的目标不仅仅是进行手术，还包括为当地的医务人员提供实践培训，这样在我们离开后，当地村民仍然能够方便地获得高质量的治疗。“not just...but also...”连接两个并列的成分，此处与“to conduct surgeries”并列，因此用不定式“to provide”作表语。故填to provide。 ( 1 / 14 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Fit for life 核心语法精练(现在完成进行时) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单句语法填空 1-2 二、完成句子 2 三、句型转换 3 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 3 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 3-4 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) 4-5 一、单句语法填空 1. They ________(make) great efforts, but in vain now. 2. Since the beginning of the new year, he ________(work) on the farm. 3. All these years they ________(contribute) articles to our magazine.) 4. The researchers ________(commit) themselves to this project for over five years, and they’re still making progress. 5. The building, which ________(build) for three months, will be completed next month. 6. For forty years Jane Goodall ________(help) the rest of the world understand and respect the life of wild animals. 7. It is clear that the number of undergraduates ________(increase) since 1999. 8. My classmates ________(practise) the English drama for days in order to perform well in the upcoming Cultural Festival. 9. An old hand at photography, Tim ________(shoot) wildlife as a hobby for the last 13 years. 10. The researchers ________(analyze) climate data from satellite images since January. 11. I ________(wait) for you for two hours. When will you be back? 12. That’s the third time he’s won the award in this field. He ________(explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.(所给词的适当形式填空) 13. The number of students in our school ________(increase) steadily in the past few years. 14. He ________(long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true. 15. Scientists ________(wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go. 16. I ________(look) for my lost keys everywhere but still haven’t found them. 17. During the past decade, he ________(photograph)the city, and sharing these photos online and in exhibitions. 18. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers ________(remain) largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes ________(entertain) readers for well over a century.) 19. We ________(reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them. 20. Scientists ________(do) research on the disease all the time since it was first discovered in the early 20th century. 二、完成句子 1. 他们又累又饿又渴，因为他们整个上午都在种树。 They are very tired, hungry and thirsty, because they ________________ all the morning. 2. 你刚才在哪儿？我们一直在到处找你。(完成时) Where have you been? We ________________ for you everywhere. 3. 我已经考虑这个问题很长时间了。 I ________________ this issue ________________. 4. This is the very book ________________ for several days. 这正是我找了好几天的那本书。 5. All these years ________________ articles to our magazine. 这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。 6. Recently, my little pet dog ________________. 近几天，我的宠物小狗总是在吠叫(be doing)。 7. 自从新学期开始以来，约翰一直在努力学习。 John ________ ________ ________hard since the new term began. 8. 自新学期开始，他一直在努力学习。 ________________ since the new term began. 9. It ________________ heavily since last night. If you go out now, it’s easy to get wet. 从昨晚开始雨就一直在下，如果你现在出去很容易被淋湿。 10. 自从新学期开始以来，约翰一直在努力学习。 John ________ ________ ________ hard since the new term began. 三、句型转换。 1. He often goes to school by bike.(改为现在完成进行时) ________________________________________________________________ 2. I tried to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 3. Diane hasn’t got much sleep this week. She looks terrible today.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 4. Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired after playing table tennis for two hours.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 5. Steve started to play rugby at the age of eight. Now he has become a professional player.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 6. The dog started to bark about two hours ago. I really hope it will stop soon.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 7. She suffered from a bad cold when taking the exam.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 8. We began to expect the news some time ago.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 9. We looked for you everywhere.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 10. She began to write the letter from four o’clock in the afternoon.(用现在完成进行时改写) ________________________________________________________________ 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 1. Reading As we all know, genes play a crucial role in shaping our lives. It helps determine how long we live and 1.________(affect) our chances of contracting certain diseases. Geneticists believe genome editing is an effective means 2.________ treating and preventing diseases. In the near future, they hope to use the technology to treat 3.________ wide range of health problems. It could be used to restore a blind person’s sight or to bring excellent hearing to the people 4.________ were born deaf. 5.________(ultimate), the new technology may even, prevent the development of diseases by correcting 6.________(normal) genes. We will be able to use genome editing to increase the human 7.________(resist) to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses, or to make them more intelligent. However, we must find ways to prohibit the technology from running wild, which means 8.________(put)appropriate controls in place to ensure that genome editing will work to our advantage. There is still much 9.________(explore) on genome editing. 10.________t doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. 2. Extended reading One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is Chinese acupuncture, which dates back 1.________ the Stone Age. Stone tools were used to press areas of the body, 2.________(replace) by stone needles later. 3.________(original), there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape. During a visit to the acupuncture clinic, the acupuncturist first examines the patient, then followed by 4.________(ask) some questions about the patient’s condition and feeling his or her pulse. All checkups are made 5.________(select) certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated. Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat 6.________ wide variety of health problems, more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and 7.________(anxious) too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, 8.________(drug) or tobacco. Today, acupuncture is recognized 9.________ a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and 10.________(come) into widespread use around the world already. 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) A On a March morning, five-year-old Hama Moctar stepped into the General Referral Hospital of Niamey in Niger for a follow-up 1 (appoint). Just 100 days after surgery, his legs, once shortened and fractured(骨折), now carry him 2 (secure). Three years earlier, Moctar suffered a severe fracture in his left femur(股骨). Persistent infections followed, and his leg 3 (leave)10 centimeters shorter. While the local doctors insisted amputation(截肢)was the only way, Mr Nong, a specialist from China’s medical aid team to Niger, proposed 4 alternative: the Ilizarov Technique. With the equipment from China and tightly 5 (combine) efforts, Chinese and the local surgeons performed the complex operation. Today, both of Moctar’s legs are equal 6 length and he can walk freely again. Built by China in August 2016, the hospital is one of West Africa’s largest medical facilities. It symbolizes a close partnership 7 spans(跨越)over half a century. Since 1976, Chinese medical teams 8 (work) tirelessly in Niger, a nation on the southern edge of the Sahara Desert, 9 (make) significant contributions to the country’s healthcare system. “Our partnership with China is 10 (fruit),” said Mamane Daou, general director of the hospital, adding that the Chinese medical team has not only sent skilled doctors but also provided vital medical equipment. “Their expertise and dedication have earned our highest respect,” he said. B Aimed at achieving near-complete service availability by June 2025, China is 11 (active) promoting the establishment of weight management clinics in qualified hospitals nationwide, 12 (mark) the launch of the “Weight Management Year” initiative(倡议) with the call of “The country is inviting you to lose weight”. The statement, jointly 13 (release) by China’s National Health Commission(NHC) and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, noted that the initiative will cover all general hospitals, children’s hospitals and traditional Chinese medicine hospitals under these two authorities, as well as those under provincial-level governments in China. So far major hospitals 14 (urge) to set up obesity(肥胖) prevention and control centers. These centers aim 15 (provide) in-patient weight management services. Healthcare institutions at the primary level should both provide education, follow-up and health management services, 16 improve the shift processes, the statement said. Hospitals are also encouraged to adopt 17 integrated approach using Internet technologies, AI and wearable devices to improve 18 (they) services, the statement added. According to the statement, these weight management clinics will follow classified management. They will offer 19 (thought) and personalized services to key groups such as the elderly, children, and patients with long-term illnesses to better serve them in providing targeted healthcare. This push responds to an alarming fact: Over 50% of Chinese adults and nearly 20% of children and young people aged 6-17 are overweight, 20 raises risks of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart diseases. C I graduated from the Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 1994, and 21 (work) in orthopedics(骨科) for 26 years by the time I took part in 22 Chinese Medical Volunteers tour in Yushu, Qinghai province in August 2020. Then, I used TCM approaches, such as acupuncture and 23 (herb) patches(贴片) on acupuncture points to treat a variety of health problems, including knee injuries, aching muscles and sharp pains. These conditions are 24 (primary) caused by the local people’s herding practices and the tough environment 25 they live, and are also associated with some of their unhealthy living habits. TCM methods can only relieve the pain for a short time, and sometimes they are unable to address the fundamental causes. So, I suggested that Chinese Medical Volunteers perform surgeries locally 26 bring the patients to better developed regions for treatment. The plan came to fruition, and we successfully completed surgeries on 21 patients. One surgery had to 27 (cancel) because the patient had severe heart failure. As the head of the surgical team, I was 28 a lot of pressure because we were responsible for ensuring the safety of every patient, 29 (rid) them of their pain and improving their quality of life. The goal of our action was not just to conduct surgeries, but also 30 (provide) local medical workers with hands - on training, so local villagers would still be able to access quality treatment conveniently after we left. ( 1 / 5 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$