Unit 3 Fit for life 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语译林版2020选择性必修第二册

Unit 3 Fit for life教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1. The study’s ________(find) that regular exercise improves mental health is widely accepted by the medical community. 2. They can warn you early on if there is something ________(normal) or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life. 3. They are discussing the details of the ________(contract). 4. The old castle which ________(restore) now will be open to tourists in two months. 5. Not all problems ________(arise) from social discrimination can be addressed through communication. 6. The ________(resist) of the material affects its conductivity. 7. With so many key files ________(delete), he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered. 8. When communication technology brings different cultures closer together, words are even more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language ________ a faster pace than ever before.(用适当的词填空) 9. The criminal was finally ________(identify) by the witness in the police station. 10. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ________(ultimate) lead to illness. 11. The unique location and extreme heat ________(effect) the climate in Chongqing in July. 12. We will be able to use genome(基因组) editing to increase the human ________(resist) to colds and flu. 13. One of the most striking ________(characteristic) of Morris’s designs is a sensuous vitality derived from his deep love of nature. 14. Trapped in the severe situation for quite a long time, the team made up their mind ________(wrestle) with it. 15. Although there were some rooms open to the public, most of the interior was desperately in need of ________(restore). 16. There is no denying that some experts advocate ________(prohibit) tobacco advertisements on TV. 17. All these years they ________(contribute) articles to our magazine. 18. His hearing ________(disable) requires the use of a hearing aid(助听器). 19. The smartphone ________(equip) with a LIDAR sensor can perform 3D scanning to create detailed models of objects and surroundings. 20. He decided to file a ________(patent) for his innovative design. 21. People celebrate to show that they are ________(gratitude) for the year’s supply of food. 22. Scientists ________(wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go. 23. After living abroad for two years, I ________(adjust) to the local customs and lifestyle so far. 24. The white mouse appears lifeless if ________(disturb), but returns to normal in about five minutes. 25. It is the first time that China and Brazil ________(tackle) the climate crisis together. 26. ________(fuel) such as coal, gas and petrol will not be used with new energy forms being developed. 27. On closer ________(examine) these goods are of low quality. 28. There is a lot of evidence ________ his crime and it is ________(evidence) that he is guilty. 29. The path becomes very muddy on rainy days and makes ________ difficult for people to go in or go out. 30. ________ you could imagine, if the first aid is given in time, the injured would be saved. 31. London is an ancient port city that has a history ________(date) all the way back to Roman times 32. The Northern Lights are one of the most breathtaking natural ________(phenomenon) in the world. 33. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can contribute to depression and ________(anxious). 34. There is plenty of ________(evident) that drinking is closely connected with violence. 35. ________(examine) twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey. 36. The situation is becoming ________(severe) than before. 37. The goal was two-fold: ________(celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six ________(tongue). 38. Cholera was caused by an ________(infect) from germs in food or water. 39. The group asked for funds from different ________(department). 40. Oh no! We're too late. The train ________(leave). 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. Both buildings were badly a________(影响) by the fire. 2. They often ________(争论) about whether online learning is as effective as traditional classroom teaching. 3. Disagreement a________ about exactly how to plan the show. 4. V________ tend to be good at surviving when a computer system crashes. 5. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by r________ the amount of carbon dioxide. 6. The police are trying to ________(恢复) public order. 7. I find it difficult to ________(联系) the two ideas together. 8. She accidentally ________(删除) the important email and now can’t find the information. 9. Hot days are________(典型的，特有的) weather of the summer months. 10. In the future, genome editing might make it possible to prevent diseases from developing by correcting a________ genes early on. 11. The course allows students to progress at their own p________. 12. U________(最终), genome editing might even make it possible to prevent diseases from developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. 13. It's important to ________(确认) the problem before trying to solve it. 14. I am extremely g________ for your timely help and I thank you for that. 15. The tennis player w________(退出)from several tournaments due to injury. 16. She risked her own life to help a d________ woman. 17. It’s important for students to a________(适应) to different learning styles to maximize their educational experience. 18. If you can’t ________(处理) the job, I will get somebody else to do it. 19. They turned their phones off so no calls would d________(打扰) them. 20. The social media platform has taken measures to prevent the ________(滥用) of user information. 三、完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 航班因暴风雪延误, 他在机场大厅焦虑地来回踱步。 The flight delayed due to a snowstorm, and ________________________ in the airport lobby. 2. 她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。 She helped me solve the problem I ________ ________ ________ ________ for weeks. 3. 如果有什么不正常的情况或者你得了癌症之类的重病，他们可以在早期警告你。 They can warn you early on if there is something ________ or if you have a critical illness such as ________. 4. 基因组编辑编辑技术作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，将从根本上改变我们的医疗保健方式。 Genome editing, ________________ in the fight against diseases, will lead to ________________ in our approach to health care. 5. 上周，我们就学生是否应该在学校携带手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Last week, we had a ________ ________ ________ ________ students should carry mobile phones at school. 6. 父亲能够理解儿子的困境，因为他也经历过类似的挑战。(relate) The father can ________________________ as he has been through similar challenges himself. 7. 有时仅仅一点善举也很有意义，使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。(make+宾语+宾补) Sometimes only a little kindness can make a great difference , ________________________. 8. 我非常高兴收到你的来信，你在信中询问我关于如何适应新的学校生活的建议。(疑问词+to do) I’m more than delighted to receive your letter asking for my advice on ________________________. 9. 它(音乐)使我的内心深受鼓舞。 It ________________________________________________________________. 10. 他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” ________________, he said, “lt was like seeing color ________________.” 11. 在那个时代，公民被禁止出国旅游。 At that time, citizens ________ ________ ________ ________ abroad. 12. 自从新学期开始以来，约翰一直在努力学习。 John ________ ________ ________ hard since the new term began. 13. 自新学期开始，他一直在努力学习。 ________________________ since the new term began. 14. It ________________ heavily since last night. If you go out now, it’s easy to get wet. 从昨晚开始雨就一直在下，如果你现在出去很容易被淋湿。 15. 正是因为她外向，她很快交到了新朋友。(强调句) ________________________ she quickly made some new friends. 16. Her reply ________________ and he erupted like a volcano. 她的回答如火上浇油，于是他的愤怒就像火山一样爆发了。 17. 使人们印象最深刻的是我们应对病毒危机的决心。(tackle) ________ impresses people most is our ________________________ of virus. 18. 过度焦虑会影响学习效率。 → Excessive ________ can affect learning efficiency. 19. The old house ________________ 500 years ago. 这个老房子可以追溯到500年前。 20. Since then, the virtual choir has ________ ________ ________ ________.(phenomenon) 自此，虚拟合唱团成为风靡全球的现象。 ( 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Fit for life教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1. The study’s ________(find) that regular exercise improves mental health is widely accepted by the medical community. 【答案】finding 【详解】考查名词。句意：这项研究关于规律锻炼能改善心理健康的发现，被医学界广泛接受。由空前study’s为名词所有格可知，此处为名词作主语，find名词为finding。故填finding。 2. They can warn you early on if there is something ________(normal) or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life. 【答案】 abnormal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果出现异常或患有癌症等严重疾病，他们可以提前警告你，并可能挽救你的生命。根据前后文句意可知，此处应用形容词normal的反义词abnormal意为“不正常的，异常的”作后置定语修饰不定代词something。故填abnormal。 3. They are discussing the details of the ________(contract). 【答案】contract 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们正在讨论合同的细节。空格处用名词作宾语，contract是名词，意为“合同”，此处用单数，故填contract。 4. The old castle which ________(restore) now will be open to tourists in two months. 【答案】is being restored 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：现在正在被修复的那座古老城堡将在两个月后向游客开放。设空处为which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，先行词为The old castle，与restore之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语now可知，动作正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are being done”，which指代的先行词castle为单数，be动词用is。故填is being restored。 5. Not all problems ________(arise) from social discrimination can be addressed through communication. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：并非所有由社会歧视引发的问题都可以通过沟通解决。本句谓语为can be addressed，此处为非谓语动词，作定语，修饰problems。arise“产生，出现”与problems之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填arising。 6. The ________(resist) of the material affects its conductivity. 【答案】resistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种材料的电阻影响其导电性。空处需要名词作主语。resist的名词形式为resistance“电阻，阻力”。故填resistance。 7. With so many key files ________(delete), he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered. 【答案】to delete 【详解】考查with 复合结构。句意：由于许多关键文件被删除，他不得不加快行动以防被发现。此处考查with复合结构作状语，delete作宾语补足语，根据“ he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered”可推断，delete这一动作是将来要发生的动作，用不定式，delete与files是被动关系，在with复合结构中不定式作宾语补足语用主动形式表示被动，故填to delete。 8. When communication technology brings different cultures closer together, words are even more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language ________ a faster pace than ever before.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】at 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当通信技术使不同的文化更紧密地联系在一起时，单词更有可能以比以往更快的速度直接从源语言中借用。at a...pace是固定搭配，意为“以……的速度”，这里表示“以比以往更快的速度”。故填at。 9. The criminal was finally ________(identify) by the witness in the police station. 【答案】identified 【详解】考查动词的被动语态。句意：罪犯最终在警察局被目击者辨认出来。根据句意，罪犯是被辨认的对象，因此需要使用被动语态。所给词“identify”的过去分词形式为“identified”。故填identified。 10. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ________(ultimate) lead to illness. 【答案】ultimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼最终会导致疾病。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式作状语，故填ultimately。 11. The unique location and extreme heat ________(effect) the climate in Chongqing in July. 【答案】affect 【详解】考查动词。句意：独特的地理位置和极端的高温影响了重庆7月的气候。空处作谓语，应用动词形式affect，且句子陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The unique location and extreme heat，谓语动词用原形形式。故填affect。 12. We will be able to use genome(基因组) editing to increase the human ________(resist) to colds and flu. 【答案】resistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将能够利用基因组编辑来增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力。空格处用名词作宾语，resist的名词是resistance，意为“抵抗力”，是不可数名词，故填resistance。 13. One of the most striking ________(characteristic) of Morris’s designs is a sensuous vitality derived from his deep love of nature. 【答案】characteristics 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：莫里斯设计最显著的特点之一是他对自然的热爱所带来的感官活力。one of后应用名词复数形式，characteristic，表“特点”，为可数名词。故填characteristics。 14. Trapped in the severe situation for quite a long time, the team made up their mind ________(wrestle) with it. 【答案】to wrestle 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：在相当长的一段时间里，球队被困在严峻的形势中，他们下定决心要与之搏斗。分析句子可知，这里考查made up one’s mind to do，表“下定决心去做”，为固定搭配。故填to wrestle。 15. Although there were some rooms open to the public, most of the interior was desperately in need of ________(restore). 【答案】restoration 【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然有一些房间向公众开放，但大部分内部都迫切需要修复。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词，作介词of的宾语。动词“restore”的名词形式为restoration“修复”，不可数名词。故填restoration。 16. There is no denying that some experts advocate ________(prohibit) tobacco advertisements on TV. 【答案】prohibiting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：不可否认，一些专家主张禁止电视上的烟草广告。advocate doing sth.为固定短语，意为“主张做某事”，空处应用动名词作宾语。故填prohibiting。 17. All these years they ________(contribute) articles to our magazine. 【答案】have been contributing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些年来，他们一直在为我们的杂志撰稿。分析句子结构可知，动词contribute“投稿”为本句的谓语动词，根据时间状语all these years“这些年来”可知，投稿的动作持续了很多年，且有可能继续延续下去，谓语动词使用现在完成进行时have been doing符合语境。故答案为have been contributing。 18. His hearing ________(disable) requires the use of a hearing aid(助听器). 【答案】disability 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于听力障碍，他需要使用助听器。此处为名词作主语，disable的名词形式是disability，意为“障碍；残疾”，根据语境及谓语动词requires可知，此处特指“听力障碍，听力残疾”，为单数概念。故填disability。 19. The smartphone ________(equip) with a LIDAR sensor can perform 3D scanning to create detailed models of objects and surroundings. 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：配备了激光雷达传感器的智能手机可以进行 3D 扫描，创建物体和周围环境的详细模型。句中已有谓语动词can perform，因此空格处应填非谓语动词作后置定语；smartphone与equip之间是被动关系，即智能手机被配备传感器，所以用过去分词作定语。故填equipped。 20. He decided to file a ________(patent) for his innovative design. 【答案】patent 【详解】考查名词。句意：他决定为自己的创新设计申请专利。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，不定冠词 a 后需接单数名词，所给词patent本身可作名词，意为“专利”，符合语境及语法要求，故填patent。 21. People celebrate to show that they are ________(gratitude) for the year’s supply of food. 【答案】grateful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们通过庆祝来表达他们对一年的食物供应的感激。根据空格前的be动词are可知，此处用提示词的形容词形式grateful作表语表示“感激的”。故填grateful。 22. Scientists ________(wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go. 【答案】have been wrestling 【详解】考查时态。句意：几十年来，科学家们一直在努力寻找遗传标记的位置，还有很长的路要走。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语Scientists与wrestle为主动关系，for decades表明这个动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时的结构是“have/has been + 现在分词”，主语Scientists是复数，助动词用have。故填 have been wrestling。 23. After living abroad for two years, I ________(adjust) to the local customs and lifestyle so far. 【答案】have adjusted 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在国外生活了两年，我已经适应了当地的风俗习惯和生活方式。空处作句子的谓语，结合“so far”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语是I，助动词应用have。故填have adjusted。 24. The white mouse appears lifeless if ________(disturb), but returns to normal in about five minutes. 【答案】disturbed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：白鼠若受惊扰，会显得毫无生气，但约五分钟后即可恢复正常。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词；句中“if _____(disturb)”是条件状语从句，原句为“if the white mouse is disturbed”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略the white mouse is后，应保留过去分词disturbed。故填disturbed。 25. It is the first time that China and Brazil ________(tackle) the climate crisis together. 【答案】have tackled 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是中国和巴西首次共同应对气候危机。It is the first time that...句型中，从句通常用现在完成时，主语China and Brazil是复数，助动词用have。故填have tackled。 26. ________(fuel) such as coal, gas and petrol will not be used with new energy forms being developed. 【答案】Fuels 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着新能源形式的发展，煤炭、天然气和汽油等燃料将不再使用。根据“such as coal, gas and petrol ”可知，用fuel的复数形式fuels作主语，又因空处为句首，故首字母大写。故填Fuels。 27. On closer ________(examine) these goods are of low quality. 【答案】examination 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过进一步认真检查，这些货物质量低劣。分析句子结构额客户自，此处应为名词作宾语，examine的名词为examination意为“检查”，on closer examination意为“经过进一步认真检查”。故填examination。 28. There is a lot of evidence ________ his crime and it is ________(evidence) that he is guilty. 【答案】of/for; evident 【详解】考查介词和形容词。句意：他犯罪的证据很多，很明显他是有罪的。第一空为短语evidence of/for表示“……的证据”；第二空作表语，应用形容词evident。故填①of/for；②evident。 29. The path becomes very muddy on rainy days and makes ________ difficult for people to go in or go out. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：这条小路在雨天变得很泥泞，使人们出入很困难。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“it作形式宾语，不定式形式作真正宾语”的结构，difficult为宾语补足语，所以此处应为代词it。故填it。 30. ________ you could imagine, if the first aid is given in time, the injured would be saved. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如你所想象的，如果急救及时，伤者就会得救。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少imagine的宾语，所以使用关系代词，从句位于主句之前，结合句意，此处表示“正如”，所以使用关系代词as，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 31. London is an ancient port city that has a history ________(date) all the way back to Roman times 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。本句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，且history与date back to“追溯到”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语，修饰名词history。故填dating。 32. The Northern Lights are one of the most breathtaking natural ________(phenomenon) in the world. 【答案】phenomena 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：北极光是世界上最令人叹为观止的自然现象之一。根据空前的one of the most breathtaking natural可知，此处应填名词复数phenomena，phenomenon意为“现象”，为可数名词，其复数形式为phenomena。one of+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。故填phenomena。 33. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can contribute to depression and ________(anxious). 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：避免饮酒和摄入咖啡因，它们会导致抑郁和焦虑。提示词和名词depression是并列关系，作宾语，用名词形式anxiety，意为“焦虑”，这里是不可数名词。故填anxiety。 34. There is plenty of ________(evident) that drinking is closely connected with violence. 【答案】evidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：有大量证据表明，饮酒与暴力密切相关。根据空格前的There is plenty of可知，空格处应该用不可数名词evidence作主语。故填evidence。 35. ________(examine) twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey. 【答案】Being examined 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是汽车，公交车还是卡车，两年被检查一次是这个城市里所以的司机都要遵守的规则。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处缺少主语，故使用动名词作主语。同时it与examine之间是被动关系，故使用动名词的一般被动式作主语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Being examined。 36. The situation is becoming ________(severe) than before. 【答案】more severe 【详解】考查形容词。句意：情况变得比以前更加严重。作表语，应用形容词，根据“than”可知，应用比较级，severe为多音节形容词，要在其前面加上more构成比较级。故填more severe。 37. The goal was two-fold: ________(celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six ________(tongue). 【答案】to celebrate; tongues 【详解】考查非谓语和名词复数。句意：目标有两个：一是庆祝文化多样性，二是促进所有六种语言的平等使用。此处第一个空填to celebrate，与后面的to promote构成并列结构，“to + 动词原形”在这里作表语，用于说明目标具体所指的两方面内容；第二个空填tongues，根据前面的“all six(所有六个)”可知要用复数形式，tongue作可数名词时意思是“语言，方言” 等。故填to celebrate；tongues。 38. Cholera was caused by an ________(infect) from germs in food or water. 【答案】infection 【详解】考查名词。句意：霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。空处作by的宾语，空前有冠词an，应用infect的名词形式infection，意为“感染”。故填infection。 39. The group asked for funds from different ________(department). 【答案】departments 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：该组织向不同部门申请资金。设空处为介词from的宾语，应用名词，前面有different修饰，应用复数形式，故填departments。 40. Oh no! We're too late. The train ________(leave). 【答案】has left 【详解】考查时态。句意：哦不！我们迟到了。火车已经开了。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响应用现在完成时，主语为 train，助动词用has。故填has left。 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. Both buildings were badly a________(影响) by the fire. 【答案】affected/ffected 【详解】考查动词。句意：两栋建筑都受到火灾的严重影响。结合中英文提示可知，affect“影响”，动词，应用过去分词和前面的were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填affected。 2. They often ________(争论) about whether online learning is as effective as traditional classroom teaching. 【答案】argue/debate 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们经常争论在线学习是否和传统课堂教学一样有效。根据汉语提示“争论”，以及上文 often 可知此处应填动词作谓语，且表示经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语 they 为复数，谓语动词用原形，“争论”可译为argue 或 debate。故填argue/debate。 3. Disagreement a________ about exactly how to plan the show. 【答案】arose/rose 【详解】考查动词。句意：关于如何准确规划这场演出，出现了分歧。根据首字母提示a可知，此处表示“出现”，应用动词arise，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以时态用一般过去时，谓语用arise的过去式arose。故填arose 4. V________ tend to be good at surviving when a computer system crashes. 【答案】Viruses/iruses 【详解】考查名词。句意：当计算机系统崩溃时，病毒往往很善于生存。句中用名词作主语，根据首字母提示及句意，用名词virus，表示“病毒”之意，根据谓语动词tend可知，用名词的复数形式。故填Viruses。 5. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by r________ the amount of carbon dioxide. 【答案】restricting/estricting/reducing/educing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们个人也可以通过减少(限制)二氧化碳的排放量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。根据“We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint””和首字母r提示可知，restrict“限制”或reduce“减少”，动词，符合题意；介词by后需接动名词作宾语。故填restricting/reducing。 6. The police are trying to ________(恢复) public order. 【答案】restore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：警方正试图恢复公共秩序。根据汉语提示“恢复”可知，此处为动词restore，try to do sth为固定搭配，意为“试图做某事”，空处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式。故填restore。 7. I find it difficult to ________(联系) the two ideas together. 【答案】relate 【详解】考查动词。句意：我发现很难将这两个想法联系起来。根据汉语提示“联系”可知，此处用动词relate，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。故填relate。 8. She accidentally ________(删除) the important email and now can’t find the information. 【答案】deleted 【详解】考查动词。句意：她不小心删除了那封重要的电子邮件，现在找不到信息了。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词delete“删除”，在句中作谓语，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填deleted。 9. Hot days are________(典型的，特有的) weather of the summer months. 【答案】characteristic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：炎热的日子是夏季的典型天气。根据汉语提示“典型的，特有的”可知，空格处应用单词“characteristic”，意为“典型的，特有的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填characteristic。 10. In the future, genome editing might make it possible to prevent diseases from developing by correcting a________ genes early on. 【答案】abnormal/bnormal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在未来，基因编辑可能会通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病的发展。根据prevent diseases from developing和correcting可知，此处表示通过纠正异常基因预防疾病发展，应用形容词abnormal，表示“异常的”，作定语修饰名词genes。故填abnormal。 11. The course allows students to progress at their own p________. 【答案】pace/ace 【详解】考查名词。句意：这门课程允许学生按照自己的进度学习。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用名词pace，作宾语，故填pace。 12. U________(最终), genome editing might even make it possible to prevent diseases from developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. 【答案】Ultimately/ltimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：最终，基因组编辑甚至有可能通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病的发展。根据中英文提示可知，ultimately“最终”，副词，作状语修饰整个句子，首字母应大写，故填Ultimately。 13. It's important to ________(确认) the problem before trying to solve it. 【答案】identify 【详解】考查动词。句意：在试图解决问题之前确定问题是很重要的。根据汉语提示可知应用动词identify，此处为不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语。故填identify。 14. I am extremely g________ for your timely help and I thank you for that. 【答案】grateful/rateful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我非常感激您的及时帮助，对此我深表感谢。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用形容词grateful，作表语。故填grateful。 15. The tennis player w________(退出)from several tournaments due to injury. 【答案】withdrew 【详解】考查动词。句意：这位网球选手因伤退出了几项锦标赛。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“退出”应用withdraw，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应用一般过去时表过去情况。故填withdrew。 16. She risked her own life to help a d________ woman. 【答案】disabled/isabled 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她冒着生命危险去帮助一个残疾妇女。空白处在句子中修饰名词woman，使用形容词作定语。根据“risked her own life to help(冒着生命危险去帮助)”可推理出空白处应填表示“残疾的”含义的形容词，根据首字母提示，以字母d开头且表示“残疾的”含义的形容词为disabled，故填disabled。 17. It’s important for students to a________(适应) to different learning styles to maximize their educational experience. 【答案】adjust/djust 【详解】考查动词。句意：对于学生来说，适应不同的学习方式对于充分发挥他们的学习效果至关重要。根据中英文提示可知用动词adjust，位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填adjust。 18. If you can’t ________(处理) the job, I will get somebody else to do it. 【答案】handle/tackle 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你无法处理这项工作，我会找其他人来做。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入动词原形，与情态动词can’t构成谓语结构。“处理”对应的常用动词有handle“处理、应对”和tackle“解决、应对难题”。故填handle /tackle。 19. They turned their phones off so no calls would d________(打扰) them. 【答案】disturb/isturb 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们把手机关掉了，这样就不会有电话打扰他们。结合首字母提示可知，“打扰”应用动词disturb，结合“would”可知，时态为过去将来时，disturb应用原形。故填disturb。 20. The social media platform has taken measures to prevent the ________(滥用) of user information. 【答案】abuse 【详解】考查名词。句意：社交媒体平台已采取措施防止用户信息被滥用。空处位于动词prevent后，应用名词abuse作宾语。故填abuse。 三、完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 航班因暴风雪延误, 他在机场大厅焦虑地来回踱步。 The flight delayed due to a snowstorm, and ________________________ in the airport lobby. 【答案】he paced back and forth anxiously 【详解】考查时态以及固定短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“他在机场大厅焦虑地来回踱步”。“他”对应的英文是he，在句中作主语；“来回踱步”常用“pace back and forth”表达，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；“焦虑地”对应的英文是anxiously，在句中作状语。故填he paced back and forth anxiously。 2. 她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。 She helped me solve the problem I ________ ________ ________ ________ for weeks. 【答案】had been wrestling with 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文提示可知，表示“努力解决”可用wrestle with，为动词短语，在本句中作定语从句的谓语，且由“在”和for weeks可知，这里时态应用过去完成进行时，强调的是过去某一时段内一直在进行的活动。故填had been wrestling with。 3. 如果有什么不正常的情况或者你得了癌症之类的重病，他们可以在早期警告你。 They can warn you early on if there is something ________ or if you have a critical illness such as ________. 【答案】abnormal; cancer 【详解】考查形容词和名词。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“不正常的”，第二空意为“癌症”，第一空用形容词作后置定语，修饰something，“不正常的”的形容词是abnormal；“癌症”是cancer，是不可数名词，故填abnormal，cancer。 4. 基因组编辑编辑技术作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，将从根本上改变我们的医疗保健方式。 Genome editing, ________________ in the fight against diseases, will lead to ________________ in our approach to health care. 【答案】serving as a new weapon; a fundamental change 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示，空一表示“作为一种新武器”，可用短语serve as a new weapon，serve与逻辑主语Genome editing是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，lead to后接名词，空处为“从根本上改变”，可用a fundamental change，作宾语。故填serving as a new weapon; fundamental change. 5. 上周，我们就学生是否应该在学校携带手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Last week, we had a ________ ________ ________ ________ students should carry mobile phones at school. 【答案】heated debate或argument on whether 【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。根据句意“进行了一场激烈的辩论”可知，句中涉及固定短语“have a debate/argument on…”，意为“关于……进行了一场辩论”。“heated”意为“激烈的”，形容词词性，“have a heated debate/argument on…”表示“关于……进行了一场激烈的辩论”，“on”后接“whether”引导的宾语从句，表示“是否”，故空格处应填“heated debate/argument on whether”。故填heated debate/argument on whether。 6. 父亲能够理解儿子的困境，因为他也经历过类似的挑战。(relate) The father can ________________________ as he has been through similar challenges himself. 【答案】relate to his son’s struggles 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中文提示可知，表示“理解”应用relate to，为固定搭配，在本句中作谓语，且情态动词后应用动词原形，表示“(他)儿子的困境”应用 his son’s struggles，在本句中作宾语。故填relate to his son’s struggles。 7. 有时仅仅一点善举也很有意义，使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。(make+宾语+宾补) Sometimes only a little kindness can make a great difference , ________________________. 【答案】making the world more beautiful and harmonious 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据题目要求，“使得这个世界更加美丽和谐”用“make+宾语+宾补”结构。“这个世界”翻译为the world；“更加美丽和谐”翻译为more beautiful and harmonious。表示自然而然发生的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填making the world more beautiful and harmonious。 8. 我非常高兴收到你的来信，你在信中询问我关于如何适应新的学校生活的建议。(疑问词+to do) I’m more than delighted to receive your letter asking for my advice on ________________________. 【答案】how to adapt to the new school life 【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。表示“适应”可用动词短语adapt to；“新的学校生活”the new school life，表示“如何适应新的学校生活”用“疑问词＋不定式”结构，为how to adapt to the new school life；作介词on的宾语。故填how to adapt to the new school life。 9. 它(音乐)使我的内心深受鼓舞。 It ________________________________________________________________. 【答案】spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being 【详解】考查短语和时态。句子使用动词短语speak...to...“对……讲……”, 名词短语words of encouragement“鼓舞的话”, 作speak的宾语；名词短语the deepest part of my being“内心深处”，作介词to的宾语，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being。 10. 他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” ________________, he said, “lt was like seeing color ________________.” 【答案】Affected by the music; for the first time 【详解】考查非谓语动词、介词短语。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作状语，可推断出此处应使用过去分词短语，根据汉语提示，表示“他被这段音乐打动了”，含义的表达为： affected by the music，表示被动及完成的动作；第二个空白处位于句中，表示“第一次”含义的短语为for the first time，符合句意要求。故填Affected by the music；for the first time。 11. 在那个时代，公民被禁止出国旅游。 At that time, citizens ________ ________ ________ ________ abroad. 【答案】were prohibited/banned from travelling/traveling 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“被禁止……”短语为be prohibited/banned from doing sth.，根据上文At that time可知为一般过去时，主语为citizens，谓语用复数；表示“旅游”应用动名词travelling/traveling ，作宾语。故填①were；②prohibited/banned；③from；④travelling/traveling。 12. 自从新学期开始以来，约翰一直在努力学习。 John ________ ________ ________ hard since the new term began. 【答案】has been working/studying 【详解】考查时态。“努力学习”用短语work/study hard，since the new term began表示从新学期开始到现在的一段时间，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并且有可能继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时。故填has been working/studying。 13. 自新学期开始，他一直在努力学习。 ________________________ since the new term began. 【答案】He has been working hard 【详解】考查现在完成进行时态。“他一直在努力学习”是主句，主语“他”用人称代词he，“努力学习”用动词短语work hard，结合时间状语“since the new term began”可知，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去的动作，要用现在完成进行时态，且主语是第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式。故填He has been working hard。 14. It ________________ heavily since last night. If you go out now, it’s easy to get wet. 从昨晚开始雨就一直在下，如果你现在出去很容易被淋湿。 【答案】has been raining 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。根据时间状语“since last night”以及下文“If you go out now, it’s easy to get wet.”可知，句子表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在且还在继续，所以用现在完成进行时，谓语为have/has been doing；主语“It”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”，“下雨”用动词“rain”，其现在分词是“raining”，故填①has②been③raining。 15. 正是因为她外向，她很快交到了新朋友。(强调句) ________________________ she quickly made some new friends. 【答案】It was because she was outgoing that 【详解】考查强调句。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。强调句的基本结构是“It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”。“因为她外向”翻译为because she was outgoing，句中强调原因状语。故填It was because she was outgoing that。 16. Her reply ________________ and he erupted like a volcano. 她的回答如火上浇油，于是他的愤怒就像火山一样爆发了。 【答案】fueled his anger 【详解】考查时态、名词。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“火上浇油”，即“激起他的愤怒”。表示“增加，给(交通工具)加油”用fuel，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，用过去式fueled。表示“他的愤怒”用his anger，作fueled的宾语。故填fueled his anger。 17. 使人们印象最深刻的是我们应对病毒危机的决心。(tackle) ________ impresses people most is our ________________________ of virus. 【答案】What; determination to tackle the crisis 【详解】考查主语从句和动词。分析句子结构，第一空为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，根据句意，此处指的是事，所以使用连接代词what，位于句首，所以首字母需大写；第二空为名词作表语，表示“决心”为determination，表示“应对病毒危机的”应为tackle the crisis of virus作定语修饰名词determination，根据determination to do sth.可知，此处应为不定式形式作定语，且表示主动意义。故填What determination to tackle the crisis 18. 过度焦虑会影响学习效率。 → Excessive ________ can affect learning efficiency. 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“焦虑”应用anxiety，为不可数名词，在本句中作主语，符合句意。故填anxiety。 19. The old house ________________ 500 years ago. 这个老房子可以追溯到500年前。 【答案】dates back to 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“追溯到”使用动词短语date back to，句子描述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语是The old house，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to。 20. Since then, the virtual choir has ________ ________ ________ ________.(phenomenon) 自此，虚拟合唱团成为风靡全球的现象。 【答案】become a worldwide phenomenon 【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“成为风靡全球的现象”，“成为”可用动词become，“风靡全球的现象”可用名词短语a worldwide phenomenon，结合“Since then”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，空前已有助动词has，become需用过去分词的形式。故填become a worldwide phenomenon。 ( 9 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$