内容正文:
Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle
核心语法精练(可数名词、不可数名词)
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
B 考点夯基·专项突破 2
一、单项选择 2
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 3
三、句型转换 3
四、完成句子 4
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5
一、语法选择 5
二、语法填空 6
可数名词、不可数名词
一、单项选择
1. There are three ______ on the table.
A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomatoies
2. I need a ______ of milk for breakfast.
A. bottle B. bottles C. a bottle D. the bottle
3. How many ______ do you have in your schoolbag?
A. story B. storys C. stories D. storyes
4. She eats two ______ every day.
A. apple B. apples C. an apple D. the apples
5. There is some ______ in the fridge.
A. juice B. juices C. a juice D. the juice
6. My father buys five ______ from the market.
A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoies
7. I have a ______ for lunch.
A. pancake B. pancakes C. a pancake D. the pancake
8. There are many ______ in the park.
A.child B. childs C. children D. childrens
9. We need some ______ to make the cake.
A. sugar B. sugars C. a sugar D. the sugar
10. He has two ______ for dinner.
A. fish B. fishes C. a fish D. the fish
11. How much ______ do you drink every day?
A. water B. waters C. a water D. the water
12. There are three ______ on the shelf.
A. box B. boxs C. boxes D. boxies
13. She likes eating ______.
A. strawberry B. strawberrys C. strawberries D. strawberryes
14. I need a ______ of bread.
A. loaf B. loaves C. a loaf D. the loaf
15. There are many ______ in the forest.
A. deer B. deers C. a deer D. the deer
16. We need some ______ to cook the soup.
A. onion B. onions C. a onion D. the onion
17. How many ______ do you have in a week?
A. class B. classs C. classes D. classies
18. She puts two ______ of salt in the dish.
A. spoon B. spoons C. a spoon D. the spoon
19. There is some ______ in the bowl.
A. rice B. rices C. a rice D. the rice
20. I have three ______ in my pencil case.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knifees
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I have two ______ (tomato) for lunch.
2. There is some ______ (milk) in the glass.
3. She eats three ______ (apple) every day.
4. We need some ______ (sugar) to make the cake.
5. He has five ______ (book) on the desk.
6. There are many ______ (child) in the park.
7. I drink two ______ (glass) of water every morning.
8. She likes eating ______ (strawberry) very much.
9. There is some ______ (bread) on the plate.
10. He has three ______ (pen) in his schoolbag.
11. We need some ______ (vegetable) for the salad.
12. She puts two ______ (spoon) of salt in the soup.
13. There are six ______ (box) in the room.
14. I have four ______ (orange) in my bag.
15. There is some ______ (juice) in the bottle.
三、句型转换
1. I have a banana.(改为复数句)
We have ______.
2. There is some milk in the glass.(改为一般疑问句)
______ there ______ milk in the glass?
3. She eats an egg every morning.(改为复数句)
They eat ______ ______ every morning.
4. There are three books on the desk.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ books are there on the desk?
5. I drink two glasses of water every day.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ water do you drink every day?
6. He has a loaf of bread.(改为复数句)
They have ______ of bread.
7. There is a potato in the basket.(改为复数句)
There are some ______ in the basket.
8. She likes eating a tomato.(改为复数句)
They like eating ______.
9. I have some rice for dinner.(改为否定句)
I ______ have ______ rice for dinner.
10. There are five apples in the bag.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ apples are there in the bag?
四、完成句子
1. 我每天喝两杯牛奶。
I drink two ______ ______ ______ every day.
2. 桌子上有三个西红柿。
There are three ______ on the table.
3. 她每天吃一个鸡蛋。
She eats ______ ______ every day.
4. 冰箱里有一些肉。
There is some ______ in the fridge.
5. 我需要五本书。
I need five ______.
6. 他每天吃很多蔬菜。
He eats lots of ______ every day.
7. 杯子里有一些果汁。
There is some ______ in the glass.
8. 她有两把小刀。
She has two ______.
9. 篮子里有六个土豆。
There are six ______ in the basket.
10. 我每天喝八杯水。
I drink eight ______ ______ ______ every day.
一、语法选择
I have a good friend named Lily. She has a healthy lifestyle. Every morning, she eats 1______ egg and some bread for breakfast. She thinks breakfast gives her 2______ for the morning.
Lily loves sports. She plays 3______ with her classmates after school three times a week. She also drinks lots of 4______ every day, about 8 glasses.
For lunch, Lily usually has rice, fish and 5______. She says vegetables are good for her health. She seldom eats 6______ because too much sugar is bad for teeth.
In the evening, Lily never stays up late. She always gets 7______ sleep-- about 9 hours. She thinks good sleep helps her study better.
On weekends, Lily often goes to the park with her family. They take 8______ and enjoy fresh air. Sometimes, they take 9______ of fruit like apples and bananas to eat there.
Lily’s lifestyle teaches us that 10______ healthy is important for everyone.
1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. A. energy B. energies C. a energy D. an energy
3. A. volleyball B. a volleyball C. the volleyball D. volleyballs
4. A. waters B. a water C. water D. the water
5. A. vegetable B. vegetables C. a vegetable D. the vegetable
6. A. sweet B. sweets C. a sweet D. the sweet
7. A. enough B. an enough C. enoughs D. the enough
8. A. walk B. walks C. a walk D. the walk
9. A. some B. any C. many D. much
10. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. to keeping
二、语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。
David is my classmate. His lifestyle is a bit unhealthy. He often goes to school 1______ breakfast. For lunch, he likes eating 2______ (beef) and rice, but he doesn’t eat many 3______ (vegetable).
David has a sweet tooth. He eats 4______ (cake) and 5______ (sweet) almost every day. He sometimes 6______ (stay) up late to play computer games, so he often feels tired in class.
Now David wants to change. He plans to eat 7______ (many) fruit and vegetables. He will drink more 8______ (water) instead of cola. He also wants to get 9______ (enough) sleep-- about 8 hours a night. He hopes these changes can make him 10______ (health).
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Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle
核心语法精练(可数名词、不可数名词)
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
B 考点夯基·专项突破 2
一、单项选择 2
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 3
三、句型转换 3
四、完成句子 4
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5
一、语法选择 5
二、语法填空 6
可数名词、不可数名词
一、单项选择
1. There are three ______ on the table.
A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomatoies
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “桌子上有三个西红柿”。“three”(三个)后接可数名词复数形式,“tomato” 的复数形式是 “tomatoes”(以 “o” 结尾且表示有生命的名词,复数加 “es”),故填 C。
2. I need a ______ of milk for breakfast.
A. bottle B. bottles C. a bottle D. the bottle
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “我早餐需要一瓶牛奶”。“a”(一个)后接可数名词单数形式,“a bottle of” 是固定搭配,意为 “一瓶……”,此处缺少 “bottle” 的单数形式,故填 A。
3. How many ______ do you have in your schoolbag?
A. story B. storys C. stories D. storyes
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “你的书包里有多少本故事书?”。“How many”(多少)后接可数名词复数形式,“story” 的复数形式是 “stories”(以 “y” 结尾且 “y” 前是辅音字母,变 “y” 为 “i” 加 “es”),故填 C。
4. She eats two ______ every day.
A. apple B. apples C. an apple D. the apples
【答案】B
【详解】句意为 “她每天吃两个苹果”。“two”(两个)后接可数名词复数形式,“apple” 的复数形式是 “apples”(一般情况下直接加 “s”),故填 B。
5. There is some ______ in the fridge.
A. juice B. juices C. a juice D. the juice
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “冰箱里有一些果汁”。“some”(一些)后接不可数名词或可数名词复数,“juice” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故填 A。
6. My father buys five ______ from the market.
A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoies
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “我爸爸从市场买了五个土豆”。“five”(五个)后接可数名词复数形式,“potato” 的复数形式是 “potatoes”(以 “o” 结尾且表示有生命的名词,复数加 “es”),故填 C。
7. I have a ______ for lunch.
A. pancake B. pancakes C. a pancake D. the pancake
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “我午餐吃一个煎饼”。“a”(一个)后接可数名词单数形式,“pancake” 的单数形式直接使用,且句中已有 “a”,无需重复,故填 A。
8. There are many ______ in the park.
A.child B. childs C. children D. childrens
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “公园里有很多孩子”。“many”(许多)后接可数名词复数形式,“child” 的复数形式是 “children”(不规则变化),故填 C。
9. We need some ______ to make the cake.
A. sugar B. sugars C. a sugar D. the sugar
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “我们需要一些糖来做蛋糕”。“some”(一些)后接不可数名词或可数名词复数,“sugar” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故填 A。
10. He has two ______ for dinner.
A. fish B. fishes C. a fish D. the fish
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “他晚餐吃两条鱼”。“two”(两条)后接名词,“fish” 表示 “鱼的条数” 时,单复数同形,此处用 “fish”,故填 A。
11. How much ______ do you drink every day?
A. water B. waters C. a water D. the water
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “你每天喝多少水?”。“How much”(多少)后接不可数名词,“water” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故填 A。
12. There are three ______ on the shelf.
A. box B. boxs C. boxes D. boxies
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “架子上有三个盒子”。“three”(三个)后接可数名词复数形式,“box” 的复数形式是 “boxes”(以 “x” 结尾的名词,复数加 “es”),故填 C。
13. She likes eating ______.
A. strawberry B. strawberrys C. strawberries D. strawberryes
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “她喜欢吃草莓”。此处表示泛指,用可数名词复数形式,“strawberry” 的复数形式是 “strawberries”(以 “y” 结尾且 “y” 前是辅音字母,变 “y” 为 “i” 加 “es”),故填 C。
14. I need a ______ of bread.
A. loaf B. loaves C. a loaf D. the loaf
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “我需要一条面包”。“a”(一个)后接可数名词单数形式,“a loaf of” 是固定搭配,意为 “一条……”,此处缺少 “loaf” 的单数形式,故填 A。
15. There are many ______ in the forest.
A. deer B. deers C. a deer D. the deer
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “森林里有很多鹿”。“many”(许多)后接可数名词复数形式,“deer” 的单复数同形,故填 A。
16. We need some ______ to cook the soup.
A. onion B. onions C. a onion D. the onion
【答案】B
【详解】句意为 “我们需要一些洋葱来煮汤”。“some”(一些)后接可数名词复数形式(“onion” 是可数名词),“onion” 的复数形式是 “onions”(一般情况下直接加 “s”),故填 B。
17. How many ______ do you have in a week?
A. class B. classs C. classes D. classies
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “你一周有多少节课?”。“How many”(多少)后接可数名词复数形式,“class” 的复数形式是 “classes”(以 “s” 结尾的名词,复数加 “es”),故填 C。
18. She puts two ______ of salt in the dish.
A. spoon B. spoons C. a spoon D. the spoon
【答案】B
【详解】句意为 “她在菜里放了两勺盐”。“two”(两勺)后接可数名词复数形式,“spoon” 的复数形式是 “spoons”(一般情况下直接加 “s”),故填 B。
19. There is some ______ in the bowl.
A. rice B. rices C. a rice D. the rice
【答案】A
【详解】句意为 “碗里有一些米饭”。“some”(一些)后接不可数名词或可数名词复数,“rice” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故填 A。
20. I have three ______ in my pencil case.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knifees
【答案】C
【详解】句意为 “我的铅笔盒里有三把刀”。“three”(三把)后接可数名词复数形式,“knife” 的复数形式是 “knives”(以 “fe” 结尾的名词,变 “fe” 为 “v” 加 “es”),故填 C。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I have two ______ (tomato) for lunch.
【答案】tomatoes
【详解】句意为 “我午餐吃了两个西红柿”。结合语境可知,“two”(两个)后接可数名词复数形式,“tomato” 的复数形式是 “tomatoes”,故填 tomatoes。
2. There is some ______ (milk) in the glass.
【答案】milk
【详解】句意为 “杯子里有一些牛奶”。结合语境可知,“milk” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“some”(一些)可修饰不可数名词,故填 milk。
3. She eats three ______ (apple) every day.
【答案】apples
【详解】句意为 “她每天吃三个苹果”。结合语境可知,“three”(三个)后接可数名词复数形式,“apple” 的复数形式是 “apples”,故填 apples。
4. We need some ______ (sugar) to make the cake.
【答案】sugar
【详解】句意为 “我们做蛋糕需要一些糖”。结合语境可知,“sugar” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“some”(一些)可修饰不可数名词,故填 sugar。
5. He has five ______ (book) on the desk.
【答案】books
【详解】句意为 “他桌子上有五本书”。结合语境可知,“five”(五本)后接可数名词复数形式,“book” 的复数形式是 “books”,故填 books。
6. There are many ______ (child) in the park.
【答案】children
【详解】句意为 “公园里有很多孩子”。结合语境可知,“many”(许多)后接可数名词复数形式,“child” 的复数形式是 “children”,故填 children。
7. I drink two ______ (glass) of water every morning.
【答案】glasses
【详解】
句意为 “我每天早上喝两杯 water”。结合语境可知,“two”(两个)后接可数名词复数形式,“glass” 的复数形式是 “glasses”,故填 glasses。
8. She likes eating ______ (strawberry) very much.
【答案】strawberries
【详解】句意为 “她非常喜欢吃草莓”。结合语境可知,此处表示泛指的草莓,应用可数名词复数形式,“strawberry” 的复数形式是 “strawberries”,故填 strawberries。
9. There is some ______ (bread) on the plate.
【答案】bread
【详解】句意为 “盘子里有一些面包”。结合语境可知,“bread” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“some”(一些)可修饰不可数名词,故填 bread。
10. He has three ______ (pen) in his schoolbag.
【答案】pens
【详解】句意为 “他书包里有三支钢笔”。结合语境可知,“three”(三支)后接可数名词复数形式,“pen” 的复数形式是 “pens”,故填 pens。
11. We need some ______ (vegetable) for the salad.
【答案】vegetables
【详解】句意为 “我们做沙拉需要一些蔬菜”。结合语境可知,“vegetable” 是可数名词,“some”(一些)后接可数名词复数形式表示泛指,故填 vegetables。
12. She puts two ______ (spoon) of salt in the soup.
【答案】spoons
【详解】句意为 “她在汤里放了两勺盐”。结合语境可知,“two”(两勺)后接可数名词复数形式,“spoon” 的复数形式是 “spoons”,故填 spoons。
13. There are six ______ (box) in the room.
【答案】boxes
【详解】句意为 “房间里有六个盒子”。结合语境可知,“six”(六个)后接可数名词复数形式,“box” 的复数形式是 “boxes”,故填 boxes。
14. I have four ______ (orange) in my bag.
【答案】oranges
【详解】句意为 “我的包里有四个橙子”。结合语境可知,“four”(四个)后接可数名词复数形式,“orange”(橙子)的复数形式是 “oranges”,故填 oranges。
15. There is some ______ (juice) in the bottle.
【答案】juice
【详解】句意为 “瓶子里有一些果汁”。结合语境可知,“juice” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“some”(一些)可修饰不可数名词,故填 juice。
三、句型转换
1. I have a banana.(改为复数句)
We have ______.
【答案】bananas
【详解】原句句意:我有一根香蕉。改为复数句时,“a banana”(一根香蕉)的复数形式是 “bananas”(香蕉),直接去掉不定冠词 “a”,并将可数名词 “banana” 变为复数 “bananas”。
2. There is some milk in the glass.(改为一般疑问句)
______ there ______ milk in the glass?
【答案】Is; any
【详解】原句句意:杯子里有一些牛奶。改为一般疑问句时,需将 be 动词 “is” 提到句首,首字母大写;“some”(一些)在疑问句中通常改为 “any”,因此答案为 “Is;any”。
3. She eats an egg every morning.(改为复数句)
They eat ______ ______ every morning.
【答案】some eggs
【详解】原句句意:她每天早上吃一个鸡蛋。改为复数句时,主语 “she” 变为 “they”,“an egg”(一个鸡蛋)的复数形式需去掉 “an”,将 “egg” 变为 “eggs”,并搭配 “some”(一些)修饰复数名词,因此答案为 “some eggs”。
4. There are three books on the desk.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ books are there on the desk?
【答案】How many
【详解】原句句意:桌子上有三本书。划线部分 “three”(三)是数量,且 “books” 是可数名词复数,对可数名词的数量提问用 “How many”(多少),因此答案为 “How many”。
5. I drink two glasses of water every day.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ water do you drink every day?
【答案】How much
【详解】原句句意:我每天喝两杯 water。划线部分 “two glasses of”(两杯)描述的是不可数名词 “water”(水)的量,对不可数名词的量提问用 “How much”(多少),因此答案为 “How much”。
6. He has a loaf of bread.(改为复数句)
They have ______ of bread.
【答案】loaves
【详解】原句句意:他有一条面包。改为复数句时,“a loaf of”(一条)的复数形式是 “loaves of”,“loaf” 的复数是特殊变化 “loaves”,因此答案为 “loaves”。
7. There is a potato in the basket.(改为复数句)
There are some ______ in the basket.
【答案】potatoes
【详解】原句句意:篮子里有一个土豆。改为复数句时,“a potato”(一个土豆)的复数形式是 “potatoes”,“potato” 的复数需加 “es”,因此答案为 “potatoes”。
8. She likes eating a tomato.(改为复数句)
They like eating ______.
【答案】tomatoes
【详解】原句句意:她喜欢吃一个西红柿。改为复数句时,“a tomato”(一个西红柿)的复数形式是 “tomatoes”,“tomato” 的复数需加 “es”,因此答案为 “tomatoes”。
9. I have some rice for dinner.(改为否定句)
I ______ have ______ rice for dinner.
【答案】don’t; any
【详解】原句句意:我晚餐吃一些米饭。改为否定句时,主语是 “I”,需在实义动词 “have” 前加助动词 “don't”;“some”(一些)在否定句中改为 “any”,因此答案为 “don't;any”。
10. There are five apples in the bag.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ apples are there in the bag?
【答案】How many
【详解】原句句意:袋子里有五个苹果。划线部分 “five”(五)是数量,且 “apples” 是可数名词复数,对可数名词的数量提问用 “How many”(多少),因此答案为 “How many”。
四、完成句子
1. 我每天喝两杯牛奶。
I drink two ______ ______ ______ every day.
【答案】glasses of milk
【详解】“杯” 对应的英文是 “glass”,两杯需要用复数形式 “glasses”;“牛奶” 是 “milk”,为不可数名词,没有复数形式,所以表达 “两杯牛奶” 用 “glasses of milk”。
2. 桌子上有三个西红柿。
There are three ______ on the table.
【答案】tomatoes
【详解】“西红柿” 的英文是 “tomato”,其复数形式是不规则变化,以 “o” 结尾且表示有生命的事物,复数加 “es”,“三个西红柿” 需要用复数 “tomatoes”。
3. 她每天吃一个鸡蛋。
She eats ______ ______ every day.
【答案】an egg
【详解】“一个鸡蛋” 中,“鸡蛋” 是 “egg”,为可数名词单数,且 “egg” 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以前面用不定冠词 “an”,即 “an egg”。
4. 冰箱里有一些肉。
There is some ______ in the fridge.
【答案】meat
【详解】“肉” 对应的英文是 “meat”,它是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“some” 可以修饰不可数名词,所以填 “meat”。
5. 我需要五本书。
I need five ______.
【答案】books
【详解】“书” 的英文是 “book”,为可数名词,“五本书” 需要用复数形式,“book” 的复数直接加 “s”,即 “books”。
6. 他每天吃很多蔬菜。
He eats lots of ______ every day.
【答案】vegetables
【详解】“蔬菜” 的英文是 “vegetable”,是可数名词,“lots of” 既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词,这里表示 “很多蔬菜”,用复数形式 “vegetables”。
7. 杯子里有一些果汁。
There is some ______ in the glass.
【答案】juice
【详解】“果汁” 对应的英文是 “juice”,为不可数名词,没有复数形式,“some” 修饰不可数名词,所以填 “juice”。
8. 她有两把小刀。
She has two ______.
【答案】knives
【详解】“小刀” 的英文是 “knife”,其复数形式是不规则变化,以 “fe” 结尾的名词,变复数时通常把 “fe” 改为 “v” 再加 “es”,所以 “两把小刀” 是 “knives”。
9. 篮子里有六个土豆。
There are six ______ in the basket.
【答案】potatoes
【详解】“土豆” 的英文是 “potato”,复数形式是不规则变化,以 “o” 结尾且表示有生命的事物,复数加 “es”,“六个土豆” 用 “potatoes”。
10. 我每天喝八杯水。
I drink eight ______ ______ ______ every day.
【答案】glasses of water
【详解】“杯” 是 “glass”,八杯用复数 “glasses”;“水” 是 “water”,为不可数名词,没有复数形式,所以 “八杯水” 表达为 “glasses of water”。
一、语法选择
I have a good friend named Lily. She has a healthy lifestyle. Every morning, she eats 1______ egg and some bread for breakfast. She thinks breakfast gives her 2______ for the morning.
Lily loves sports. She plays 3______ with her classmates after school three times a week. She also drinks lots of 4______ every day, about 8 glasses.
For lunch, Lily usually has rice, fish and 5______. She says vegetables are good for her health. She seldom eats 6______ because too much sugar is bad for teeth.
In the evening, Lily never stays up late. She always gets 7______ sleep-- about 9 hours. She thinks good sleep helps her study better.
On weekends, Lily often goes to the park with her family. They take 8______ and enjoy fresh air. Sometimes, they take 9______ of fruit like apples and bananas to eat there.
Lily’s lifestyle teaches us that 10______ healthy is important for everyone.
1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. A. energy B. energies C. a energy D. an energy
3. A. volleyball B. a volleyball C. the volleyball D. volleyballs
4. A. waters B. a water C. water D. the water
5. A. vegetable B. vegetables C. a vegetable D. the vegetable
6. A. sweet B. sweets C. a sweet D. the sweet
7. A. enough B. an enough C. enoughs D. the enough
8. A. walk B. walks C. a walk D. the walk
9. A. some B. any C. many D. much
10. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. to keeping
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C
【文章大意】本文介绍了作者的好朋友莉莉的健康生活方式,包括她的一日三餐饮食情况(如早餐吃鸡蛋和面包、午餐吃米饭、鱼和蔬菜,很少吃甜食等)、运动习惯(每周和同学打三次球)、作息规律(每晚睡约 9 小时,从不熬夜)以及周末活动(和家人去公园散步、吃水果等),并指出保持健康对每个人都很重要。
1. 句意:每天早上,她早餐吃一个鸡蛋和一些面包。此处表示 “一个鸡蛋”,是泛指,排除 C(定冠词,表特指)和 D(零冠词)。“egg” 是以元音音素开头的单词,不定冠词用 “an”,而非 “a”(用于辅音音素开头的单词前)。根据 “egg” 的发音特点,答案选 B。
2. 句意:她认为早餐能给她早上提供能量。“energy” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式(排除 B),也不能用 “a/an” 修饰(排除 C、D)。此处 “gives her energy” 表示 “给她能量”,符合不可数名词的用法,答案选 A。
3. 句意:她每周三次放学后和同学打排球。“play + 球类运动” 是固定搭配,球类名词前不加冠词,也不用复数形式。文中 “plays...” 后接球类运动,“volleyball” 符合这一用法,排除 B(加 a)、C(加 the)、D(复数),答案选 A。
4. 句意:她每天也喝很多水,大约 8 杯。“water” 是不可数名词,没有复数形式(排除 A),也不能用 “a/the” 修饰(排除 B、D)。“drinks lots of water” 表示 “喝很多水”,符合不可数名词的用法,答案选 C。
5. 句意:午餐,莉莉通常吃米饭、鱼和蔬菜。根据下一句 “She says vegetables are good for her health.”(她说明蔬菜对她的健康有好处),可知此处应填 “蔬菜” 的复数形式 “vegetables”(泛指各类蔬菜)。A 是单数,C、D 表特指,均不符合,答案选 B。
6. 句意:她很少吃甜食,因为太多糖对牙齿不好。“sweet” 作 “甜食” 讲时是可数名词,此处表示泛指 “甜食” 这一类食物,应用复数形式 “sweets”。A 是形容词(甜的),C、D 表特指,均不符合,答案选 B。
7. 句意:她总是有充足的睡眠 —— 大约 9 小时。“enough” 是形容词,意为 “充足的”,可直接修饰名词 “sleep”,且没有复数形式,也不用 “a/an/the” 修饰(排除 B、C、D)。根据 “about 9 hours”(约 9 小时)可知是 “充足的睡眠”,答案选 A。
8. 句意:他们去散步,享受新鲜空气。“take a walk” 是固定短语,意为 “散步”。A 是动词原形,B 是第三人称单数,D 表特指,均不符合固定搭配,答案选 C。
9. 句意:有时,他们带一些水果,比如苹果和香蕉,在那里吃。本句是肯定句,“fruit” 在此处是不可数名词,“some” 可修饰不可数名词,用于肯定句中。B(any)常用于否定句或疑问句,C(many)修饰可数名词复数,D(much)虽修饰不可数名词,但此处强调 “一些” 而非 “许多”,答案选 A。
10. 句意:莉莉的生活方式告诉我们,保持健康对每个人都很重要。空格处需要一个词作主语,“keep healthy”(保持健康)是动词短语,动词原形不能作主语,动名词 “keeping” 可作主语。B 是第三人称单数(不能单独作主语),D(to keeping)结构错误,答案选 C。
二、语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。
David is my classmate. His lifestyle is a bit unhealthy. He often goes to school 1______ breakfast. For lunch, he likes eating 2______ (beef) and rice, but he doesn’t eat many 3______ (vegetable).
David has a sweet tooth. He eats 4______ (cake) and 5______ (sweet) almost every day. He sometimes 6______ (stay) up late to play computer games, so he often feels tired in class.
Now David wants to change. He plans to eat 7______ (many) fruit and vegetables. He will drink more 8______ (water) instead of cola. He also wants to get 9______ (enough) sleep-- about 8 hours a night. He hopes these changes can make him 10______ (health).
【答案】
1. without 2. beef 3. vegetables 4. cakes 5. sweets
6. stays 7. more 8. water 9. enough 10. healthy
【文章大意】本文介绍了作者的同学 David 不健康的生活方式,包括不吃早餐、午餐蔬菜摄入少、爱吃甜食、熬夜玩游戏等;同时也说明了 David 想要做出改变的计划,如多吃水果和蔬菜、多喝水、保证充足睡眠,希望通过这些改变变得健康。
1. 句意:他经常不吃早餐就去上学。前文提到 “His lifestyle is a bit unhealthy”(他的生活方式有点不健康),“不吃早餐” 是不健康的表现之一,结合语境可知此处需填表示 “没有、不” 的介词,故填 without。
2. 句意:午餐他喜欢吃牛肉和米饭。beef 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,此处直接用原形即可,符合 “喜欢吃某种食物” 的表达,故填 beef。
3. 句意:但他不吃很多蔬菜。vegetable 是可数名词,“many” 后需接可数名词复数形式,且前文强调他的生活方式不健康,“少吃蔬菜” 是不健康的表现,故填 vegetables。
4. 句意:他几乎每天都吃蛋糕和糖果。cake 作 “蛋糕” 讲时是可数名词,结合 “almost every day”(几乎每天)可知此处表示泛指的多个蛋糕,需用复数形式,故填 cakes。
5. 句意:他几乎每天都吃蛋糕和糖果。sweet 作 “糖果” 讲时是可数名词,与 cakes 并列,需用复数形式表示泛指,且前文提到 “David has a sweet tooth”(David 爱吃甜食),糖果属于甜食,故填 sweets。
6. 句意:他有时熬夜玩电脑游戏。句子主语是 “He”(第三人称单数),时态为一般现在时,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式;“stay up late” 是固定短语,意为 “熬夜”,符合语境,故填 stays。
7. 句意:他计划多吃水果和蔬菜。前文提到他之前 “doesn’t eat many vegetables”(不吃很多蔬菜),现在 “wants to change”(想要改变),因此需要 “更多” 的水果和蔬菜,“many” 的比较级是 more,故填 more。
8. 句意:他会多喝水而不是可乐。water 是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“drink more water”(多喝水)是健康的习惯,与 “instead of cola”(而不是可乐)形成对比,符合改变计划,故填 water。
9. 句意:他还想获得充足的睡眠 —— 每晚大约 8 小时。后文 “about 8 hours a night”(每晚大约 8 小时)是对 “充足睡眠” 的解释,“enough” 意为 “足够的”,修饰名词 sleep,符合语境,故填 enough。
10. 句意:他希望这些改变能让他变得健康。“make sb. + 形容词” 是固定结构,意为 “使某人……”,health 是名词,其形容词形式是 healthy,符合 “变得健康” 的表达,故填 healthy。
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