专题06 语法填空之过去分词100题-2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题 (高考真题+名校模拟)

2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题（高考真题+名校模拟） 专题06 语法填空之过去分词100题（原卷版） 2024-2025题组 1.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 2.（2025八省联考卷）At the same time, a language and its individual 59 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __________(inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 6.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 2022-2023题组 7.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 8.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone. 9.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 10．(2023天津3月卷)_________ (try) several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. 11．(2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________(post) online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. 12.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 13.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 2020-2021题组 14.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）. 15.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 16.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 17.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 18.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 19.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 20.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 2025最新模拟题组 21． (raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long and hard road to becoming a composer. 22．Misunderstandings, unless (deal) with properly, may lead to serious problems. 23． (refer) to as Steel Roses, the Chinese woman soccer team players have won our worship and respect recently. 24． (trap) in a net around the rock，the dolphin wasn't able to swim up to get air. 25．With so many people (bury) under the ruins, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. 26．These mountains are a splendid sight when (view) from the valley floor. 27． (occupy) with scientific research, he couldn’t spare time to keep company with his family. 28．Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the result of being arrested and put into prison. 29．Hangzhou is recognized as the “City of Well-Being” in China. Hangzhou made its name (know) to the world in 2016 by hosting the G20 Summit. 30． (root) in Dongying, the opera has become extremely popular among tourists. 31． (ban) from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said. 32．The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 33．First (announce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5 g of sugar per 100mL, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). 34． (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 35．Komodo National Park, officially (recognise) in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 36．I made a leisurely round of the town, (attract) by the construction going on everywhere. 37．With his mind (focus) on the engaging novel, the boy ran into a tree on the sidewalk. 38． (locate) at the top of the mountain, the temple offers a good view of the scenery. 39．When you speak English, you are sure to make yourself (understand). 40．Keeping the medicine (expose) to the sun for a long time will reduce its effect. 41．I spoke louder in order to make myself (hear) at the back of the lecture hall. 42．Easily (annoy) by comments, the girl student is very sensitive to what others think of her. 43． (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, John was in low spirits. 44． (determine) to get a ticket of the concert, he didn’t mind standing in a long queue. 45．However, that was small fry (compare) with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. 46．The painting (refer) to as one of the greatest works by Van Gogh is on display. 47．The film Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death features over 200 adorable characters, (commit) to the peace for their motherland. 48．They didn’t know the native language, so they couldn’t make themselves (understand). 49． (expose) to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica. 50．A team of scientists (lead) by Professor Eli at the University of Washington has now found the answer. 51．Harbin, (know) for its ice and snow festivals, became very popular last winter. 52． (influence) by his father, who was also a historian, Sima Qian took an interest in history when he was a child. 53．Fully (absorb) in preparing for the coming exam, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in her neighborhood. 54． (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 55．To keep his restless students (occupy) with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. 56． (absorb) in her book, she was unaware of things happening around. 57． A significant number of students seized the chance to thoroughly review the (assign) materials before class. 58．It’s well known to us all that his action made him (respect) by all his students. 59． (strike) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day. 60．The research is so designed that once (begin) nothing can be done to change it. 61．As (schedule), the music festival will be held on the playground from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. next Sunday. 62．The result of the competition wasn’t made (know) to the public until ten days later. 63． (disappoint) by the result, the candidate left the stage with tears in her eyes. 64． (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 65．The app keeps you (update) on all your favorite topics and current events. 66． (see) from above, the shape of this building is like a figure“8”or the infinity sign “∞”. 67． (suspect) of being involved in the recent string of burglaries, he was summoned by the police for questioning. 68．With the gift brightly (wrap), she handed it to her best friend at the birthday party. 69． (aim) at raising students’ awareness of exercise and health, an activity, Sports and Fitness Week, was organized in our school last week. 70．Processed foods, if (consume)a great deal, will pose a threat to your physical health. 71．Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously (damage) in a sudden hurricane, which made him homeless. 72．With all the popcorn (sell) out, Bernard felt a wave of happiness and appreciation. 73． (addict) to playing his mobile phone, he ignored my existence. 74． (strike) by the hurricane, the area had a power cut, but quickly it was back to normal. 75． (compare) with junior high school life, senior high school is more challenging and full of opportunities for growth. 76．I wish all our (donate) money and our love will fly to the disaster area very soon. 77． (know) as the “Black Mamba” for his passion persistence, and fearlessness, Bryant will live on through the achievements he impressed upon the world. 78．We all need to get (involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. 79．With the efforts (make) by both sides, we began to understand each other better. 80．In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get (hug). 2025最新语篇填空 （24-25高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Robots have increasingly become a part of our lives. They can perform various tasks, from simple household chores to complex industrial operations. On January 28, 2025, a special performance called YangBOT amazed audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show. 81 (direct) by famous filmmaker Zhang Yimou, the show mixed modern robot technology with traditional Chinese yangko dance. In the performance, humanoid robots dressed in colorful costumes danced yangko, 82 joyful folk dance from northern China. They spun handkerchiefs instantly and formed creative group patterns. These robots were developed by Unitree, a Chinese robotics company. In fact, this company 83 (throw) itself into robotics research in 2016. In 2021, their robot cows, 84 (serve) as backup dancers for a famous singer, showed off their dancing skills. The robots learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation to move 85 (safe) on the uneven stage. Their strong 86 (joint) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. Zhang Yimou explained, “This dance isn’t just fun — it shows what technology can bring 87 traditions.” The robots’ 88 (absorb) performance greatly took audiences’ breath away. Thanks to these innovations, the robots won the hearts of millions. The performance YangBOT, 89 has been praised by fans nationwide, is a perfect mix of China’s tech progress 90 cultural pride. （24-25高二下·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, an intelligent greenhouse has been built inside the China-France Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Sichuan Province. The intelligent greenhouse 91 (feature) the application of advanced technologies is the first semi-enclosed (半包围) greenhouse that operates efficiently in all weather conditions in southwest China. 92 a model project of agricultural technology cooperation (合作) between China and France, the park fully shows agricultural technologies and the 93 (wise) of the two countries. Over 40,000 cherry tomato plants of more than 10 superb 94 (variety) are grown in the greenhouse. Different from traditional farming, these cherry tomatoes are 95 (digital) managed and controlled throughout their life cycle. The production and efficiency are very impressive. 96 (equip) with various advanced devices, the greenhouse ensures the intelligent and accurate adjustments of indoor temperature, 97 creates the best environment for cherry tomatoes 98 (grow) in a “comfortable area” all year round. With a production of more than 250 tons of cherry tomatoes every year, the greenhouse provides jobs for over 30 nearby villagers, with a handsome income reaching 50,000 yuan each. Through technical cooperation with agricultural companies from France and the Netherlands, 99 intelligent control system was fixed in the greenhouse. Also, another system 100 (develop) to collect and use carbon dioxide (CO₂). This has helped increase the production and quality of cherry tomatoes while achieving environmental goals. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题（高考真题+名校模拟） 专题06 语法填空之过去分词100题（解析版） 2024-2025题组 1.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 1. left 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 2.（2025八省联考卷）At the same time, a language and its individual 59 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. 2.written 解析：考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __________(inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 3. inspired 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 4.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). 4. scared 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示“使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 5. designed 解析：考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 6.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 6. closed 解析：考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 2022-2023题组 7.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 7. recognized 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 8.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone. 8. intended 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 9.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 9. built 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 10．(2023天津3月卷)_________ (try) several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. 10. Having tried 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在两个月的时间里，这位工程师对设计尝试了几次调整，最终成功地构建了一个高效的系统。本句谓语为succeeded，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the engineer与try“尝试”为主动关系，且此处强调动作try发生在谓语succeeded之前，应用现在分词的完成式having tried，作状语。故填Having tried。 11．(2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________(post) online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. 11. posted解析：考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填posted。 12.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 12. surrounded。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 13.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 13. held 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 2020-2021题组 14.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）. 14. astonished 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished. 15.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 15. studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。 16.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 16. caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 17.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 17. found 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。 18.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 18. excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 19.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 19. decorated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 20.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 20. compared 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。Compare与old generation之间表示被动关系，故填compared。 2025最新模拟题组 21． (raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long and hard road to becoming a composer. 21. Raised 解析：考查过去分词。句意：在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区长大，他经历了漫长而艰难的作曲家之路。分析句子可知，逗号之后为主句，动词raise与主语he之间是被动关系，空处应为过去分词，表示被动，在句中作状语，故填Raised。 22．Misunderstandings, unless (deal) with properly, may lead to serious problems. 22. dealt 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：误解，如果不被妥善处理，可能会导致严重的问题。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作状语。动词deal和其逻辑主语Misunderstandings之间为被动关系，所以需要过去分词作状语。故填dealt。 23． (refer) to as Steel Roses, the Chinese woman soccer team players have won our worship and respect recently. 23. Referred 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“铿锵玫瑰”的中国女足队员最近赢得了我们的崇拜和尊重。设空处为非谓语动词，句子主语 the Chinese woman soccer team players与动词短语refer to之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空处填过去分词referred表被动，句首首字母大写，故填Referred。 24． (trap) in a net around the rock，the dolphin wasn't able to swim up to get air. 24. Trapped 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这只海豚被困在岩石周围的网中，无法游上去呼吸空气。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，the dolphin与trap为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，位于句首时，首字母应大写。故填Trapped。 25．With so many people (bury) under the ruins, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. 25. buried 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：有这么多人被埋在废墟下，没有一个救援人员会停下来休息。此处用with复合结构，即：with+宾语+宾补，so many people与bury“埋”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填buried。 26．These mountains are a splendid sight when (view) from the valley floor. 26. viewed 解析：考查省略句。句意：从谷底往下看，这些山是一幅壮丽的景色。在when引导的时间状语从句中，主语和主句相同，可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词view意为“观看”，和主语构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填viewed。 27． (occupy) with scientific research, he couldn’t spare time to keep company with his family. 27. Occupied 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他忙于科学研究，抽不出时间来陪伴家人。主语he与动词occupy“使忙于”构成逻辑上的被动关系，使用过去分词表示被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Occupied。 28．Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the result of being arrested and put into prison. 28. accused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：罗伯特被控在超市偷窃，他可能面临被捕入狱的结果。accuse和逻辑主语Robert之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作状语，故填accused。 29．Hangzhou is recognized as the “City of Well-Being” in China. Hangzhou made its name (know) to the world in 2016 by hosting the G20 Summit. 29. known 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：杭州被誉为中国的“幸福之城”。2016年，杭州因举办二十国集团峰会而闻名世界。分析句子可知，空处在句中作宾语补足语，且动词know与宾语name构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填known。 30． (root) in Dongying, the opera has become extremely popular among tourists. 30. Rooted 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：植根于东营的吕剧在游客中非常受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，root与逻辑主语the opera构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Rooted。 31． (ban) from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said. 31. Banned 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：费尔蒙特酒店表示，自2001年起，伯奇尔就被禁止入住酒店，但现在，酒店再次对他表示欢迎。此处为非谓语，动词ban和主语之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句首字母大写，故填Banned。 32．The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 32. accepted 解析：考查过去分词。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房保姆的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的期望。主语The couple和非谓语动词accept是逻辑被动关系，accept用过去分词形式作表语，构成“get + 过去分词”结构。填accepted。 33．First (announce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5 g of sugar per 100mL, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). 33. announced 解析：考查非谓语动词。 句意：该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5克的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。 空处为非谓语动词，the tax与announce为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故填announced。 34． (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 34. Inspired 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步旅行，向古丝绸之路致敬。设空处为非谓语，句子主语Cao和inspire之间是被动关系，即“被……激励”，所以用过去分词作原因状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Inspired。 35．Komodo National Park, officially (recognise) in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 35. recognised 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：科莫多国家公园，于1980年正式被认可，因其独特的生物多样性而成为生态旅游的热门目的地。句子谓语动词是is，空格处是非谓语动词，且动词recognise与其逻辑主语Komodo National Park之间是被动关系，因此需要过去分词作后置定语。故填recognised。 36．I made a leisurely round of the town, (attract) by the construction going on everywhere. 36. attracted 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我被到处正在进行的建设所吸引，悠闲地在镇上转了一圈。空处作状语，I和attract构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。故填attracted。 37．With his mind (focus) on the engaging novel, the boy ran into a tree on the sidewalk. 37. focused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他的心思全神贯注在这本引人入胜的小说上，男孩在人行道上撞到了一棵树。本句为with的复合结构，mind与focus为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 focused。 38． (locate) at the top of the mountain, the temple offers a good view of the scenery. 38. Located 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这座寺庙位于山顶，景色一览无余。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，locate“把……安置在”和the temple逻辑上是被动关系，因此用locate的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Located。 39．When you speak English, you are sure to make yourself (understand). 39. understood 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当你说英语时，你一定要让别人听懂你的话。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，yourself和understand之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填understood。 40．Keeping the medicine (expose) to the sun for a long time will reduce its effect. 40. exposed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：将药物长时间暴露在阳光下会降低其效果。句中谓语是will reduce，空格处用非谓语动词，medicine和expose之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填exposed。 41．I spoke louder in order to make myself (hear) at the back of the lecture hall. 41. heard 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我说得更大声些，以便让演讲厅后面的人能听到我的声音。句中谓语是spoke，空格处用非谓语动词，myself和hear之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填heard。 42．Easily (annoy) by comments, the girl student is very sensitive to what others think of her. 42. annoyed 解析：考查非谓语。句意：这个女生很容易被别人的评论惹恼，对别人对她的看法非常敏感。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，主语the girl student与annoy为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词形式作状语。故填annoyed。 43． (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, John was in low spirits. 43. Blamed 解析：考查过去分词。句意：约翰因学校计算机网络的瘫痪而受到指责，他情绪低落。本句已有谓语was，设空处为非谓语，和逻辑主语John之间被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，句首单词首字母大写，故填Blamed。 44． (determine) to get a ticket of the concert, he didn’t mind standing in a long queue. 44. Determined 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：决定买到一张音乐会的票，他不介意排很长的队。句子的谓语动词为didn’t mind，设空处为非谓语，(be) determined to do sth.是固定短语，意为“决心做某事” ，故空处应用形容词化的过去分词determined，作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Determined。 45．However, that was small fry (compare) with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. 45. compared 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，与可容纳约25万人的马克西姆斯马戏团相比，这只是小巫见大巫。be compared with“与……相比”是固定搭配，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语，故填compared。 46．The painting (refer) to as one of the greatest works by Van Gogh is on display. 46. referred 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅被认为是梵高最伟大的作品之一的画正在展出。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，painting和refer to之间是逻辑的动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填referred。 47．The film Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death features over 200 adorable characters, (commit) to the peace for their motherland. 47. committed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：电影《志愿军：存亡之战》中有 200 多个可爱的角色，他们致力于为祖国争取和平。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，characters与commit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填committed。 48．They didn’t know the native language, so they couldn’t make themselves (understand). 48. understood 解析：考查过去分词。句意：他们不懂本地语言，所以他们无法让别人明白自己的意思。根据谓语动词“couldn’t make”可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式；understand为动词，表示“理解、明白”，与“themselves”之间为被动关系，作宾补，表示“使自己被理解”，故应用过去分词形式。故填understood。 49． (expose) to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica. 49. Exposed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管暴露在寒冷的天气中，许多勇敢的游客和科学家仍然选择去南极洲旅游。本句谓语为choose，此处为非谓语动词，且expose“使暴露”与逻辑主语many brave tourists and scientists为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Exposed。 50．A team of scientists (lead) by Professor Eli at the University of Washington has now found the answer. 50. led 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由华盛顿大学伊莱教授领导的一组科学家现在已经找到了答案。lead和scientists之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填led。 51．Harbin, (know) for its ice and snow festivals, became very popular last winter. 51. known 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨以冰雪节而闻名，去年冬天非常受欢迎。became为谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语动词作状语，be known for“因……而出名”，所以去掉be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。故填known。 52． (influence) by his father, who was also a historian, Sima Qian took an interest in history when he was a child. 52. Influenced 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受他的历史学家父亲的影响，司马迁从小就对历史产生了兴趣。所给动词influence在句中作状语，与逻辑主语Sima Qian为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。并注意句首字母大写。故填influenced。 53．Fully (absorb) in preparing for the coming exam, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in her neighborhood. 53. absorbed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她完全聚精会神地准备即将到来的考试，所以没有时间在社区参加各种各样的活动。be absorb in“集中精力做某事”，此处需要去掉be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。故填absorbed。 54． (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 54. Attracted 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：来自伦敦的女孩被大自然的美丽所吸引，决定在农场再待两天。主语the girl与动词attract之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作原因状语，首字母应大写，故填Attracted。 55．To keep his restless students (occupy) with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. 55. occupied 解析：考查过去分词。句意：为了让坐立不安的学生在雨天忙于室内运动，詹姆斯·奈史密斯创造了篮球。设空处为宾语补足语，occupy和宾语his restless students之间是被动关系，occupy应用过去分词形式，故填occupied。 56． (absorb) in her book, she was unaware of things happening around. 56. Absorbed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她全神贯注地看书，没有注意到周围发生的事情。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，absorb“吸引（某人），使专心”和she逻辑上是被动关系，be absorbed in意为“全神贯注于”，应用absorb的过去分词形式，作原因状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Absorbed。 57． A significant number of students seized the chance to thoroughly review the (assign) materials before class. 57. assigned 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：相当多的学生抓住机会在课前彻底复习布置的材料。空处作修饰materials的定语，assign“分配，布置”和materials逻辑上是被动关系，应用assign的过去分词形式。故填assigned。 58．It’s well known to us all that his action made him (respect) by all his students. 58. respected 解析：考查过去分词。句意：众所周知，他的行为使他受到所有学生的尊敬。设空处为宾语补足语，和宾语 him之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填respected。 59． (strike) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day. 59. Struck 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：被泰山的美景所震撼，我们决定多待一天。空处需要非谓语动词作状语。该动词和其逻辑主语we之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Struck。 60．The research is so designed that once (begin) nothing can be done to change it. 60. begun 解析：考查过去分词。句意：这项研究是这样设计的，一旦开始就没有办法改变它。分析句子结构可知，本句中为连词+分词结构，句子的主语The research与begin之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词，本句中为过去分词作状语。故填begun。 61．As (schedule), the music festival will be held on the playground from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. next Sunday. 61. scheduled 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：按计划，音乐节将于下周日下午5点至8点在操场举行。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语music festival与schedule构成被动关系，空处用过去分词scheduled，as scheduled译为：按计划。故填scheduled。 62．The result of the competition wasn’t made (know) to the public until ten days later. 62. known 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：比赛的结果直到十天后才公布于众。主动语态make the public know the result，句子使用了被动语态，空处作主语补足语，know和The result逻辑上是被动关系，应用know的过去分词形式，表示“被知道，被知晓”。故填known。 63． (disappoint) by the result, the candidate left the stage with tears in her eyes. 63. Disappointed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因为对结果感到失望，那位选手含着泪离开了舞台。句中已有谓语left，“(disappoint) by the result”作原因状语，disappoint (使失望)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the candidate之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Disappointed。 64． (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 64. Selected 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从世界各地的收藏品中挑选出来，这是他40多年来第一次大型作品展览。此处是非谓语动词作状语，select与逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Selected。 65．The app keeps you (update) on all your favorite topics and current events. 65. updated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该应用程序更新所有你最喜欢的话题和时事。此处update与you构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填updated。 66． (see) from above, the shape of this building is like a figure“8”or the infinity sign “∞”. 66. Seen 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从上面看，这个建筑的形状像一个数字“8”或无穷符号“∞”。is是句中系动词，所以此处应填非谓语动词，the shape of this building与see之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作状语。故填Seen。 67． (suspect) of being involved in the recent string of burglaries, he was summoned by the police for questioning. 67. Suspected/Having been suspected 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被怀疑牵涉进了最近一系列的入室盗窃案，他被警方传唤接受询问。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处需要非谓语动词，作状语。该动词和其逻辑主语之间被动关系，所以用过去分词。也可以理解为该动词和其逻辑主语为被动关系，且该动作发生在主句动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式“having been done”的结构。故填Suspected或Having been suspected。 68．With the gift brightly (wrap), she handed it to her best friend at the birthday party. 68. wrapped 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：礼物包装得光彩夺目，她在生日派对上将它递给了她最好的朋友。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语the gift之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填wrapped。 69． (aim) at raising students’ awareness of exercise and health, an activity, Sports and Fitness Week, was organized in our school last week. 69. Aimed 解析：考查过去分词。句意：为了提高学生的运动和健康意识，上周我们学校组织了一次活动——体育健身周。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，根据be aimed at…意为“旨在做……”可知，aim与逻辑主语an activity之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式，且位于句首，所以aimed的首字母需大写。故填Aimed。 70．Processed foods, if (consume)a great deal, will pose a threat to your physical health. 70. consumed 解析：考查过去分词。句意：如果大量食用加工食品，会对身体健康造成威胁。空处应填非谓语动词，主语Processed foods与consume之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故填consumed。 71．Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously (damage) in a sudden hurricane, which made him homeless. 71. damaged 解析：考查过去分词。句意：不幸的是，去年春天，他的房子在一场突如其来的飓风中严重受损，使他无家可归。分析句子可知，“had his house seriously ______ (damage)”是“have + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的结构。在这个结构中，宾语“his house”和宾补之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，即“房子被损坏”，所以要用过去分词作宾语补足语，“damage”的过去分词形式是 “damaged”。故填damaged。 72．With all the popcorn (sell) out, Bernard felt a wave of happiness and appreciation. 72. sold 解析：考查with的复合结构。句意：所有的爆米花都卖光了，Bernard感到一阵欣喜和感激。此处是with复合结构，popcorn和sell之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填sold。 73． (addict) to playing his mobile phone, he ignored my existence. 73. Addicted 解析：考查过去分词。句意：沉迷于玩手机，他忽视了我的存在。be addicted to沉迷于，为固定短语。本句为过去分词作状语。首字母大写。故填 Addicted。 74． (strike) by the hurricane, the area had a power cut, but quickly it was back to normal. 74. Struck/Stricken 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：被飓风袭击后，该地区停电了，但很快恢复了正常。句中had为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处the area与strike之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Struck/Stricken。 75． (compare) with junior high school life, senior high school is more challenging and full of opportunities for growth. 75. Compared 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与初中生活相比，高中生活更具挑战性，充满了成长的机会。本句已有谓语is，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，compare“比较”与主语senior high school构成被动关系，故应用过去分词compared，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Compared。 76．I wish all our (donate) money and our love will fly to the disaster area very soon. 76. donated 解析：考查过去分词。句意：我希望我们所有的捐款和爱心都能尽快飞到灾区。设空处修饰名词money作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填donated。 77． (know) as the “Black Mamba” for his passion persistence, and fearlessness, Bryant will live on through the achievements he impressed upon the world. 77. Known 解析：考查非谓语。句意：科比因其激情、毅力和无畏而被称为“黑曼巴”，他将通过给世界留下深刻印象的成就而活下去。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，Bryant与know为被动关系，再由句意可知，此空应用过去分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Known。 78．We all need to get (involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. 78. involved 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都需要参与到节约能源中来，无论是在工作中，在家里还是在学校。固定短语get involved in“参加，参与”，过去分词作表语。故填involved。 79．With the efforts (make) by both sides, we began to understand each other better. 79. made 解析：考查过去分词。句意：随着双方的努力，我们开始更好地理解彼此。此处为非谓语动词作宾补，efforts与make之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填made。 80．In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get (hug). 80. hugged 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在现实世界里，他们觉得冷的时候会哭，然后被拥抱。此处需要非谓语动词作系动词get后的表语，主语they与hug是被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式。故填hugged。 2025最新语篇填空 （24-25高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Robots have increasingly become a part of our lives. They can perform various tasks, from simple household chores to complex industrial operations. On January 28, 2025, a special performance called YangBOT amazed audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show. 81 (direct) by famous filmmaker Zhang Yimou, the show mixed modern robot technology with traditional Chinese yangko dance. In the performance, humanoid robots dressed in colorful costumes danced yangko, 82 joyful folk dance from northern China. They spun handkerchiefs instantly and formed creative group patterns. These robots were developed by Unitree, a Chinese robotics company. In fact, this company 83 (throw) itself into robotics research in 2016. In 2021, their robot cows, 84 (serve) as backup dancers for a famous singer, showed off their dancing skills. The robots learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation to move 85 (safe) on the uneven stage. Their strong 86 (joint) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. Zhang Yimou explained, “This dance isn’t just fun — it shows what technology can bring 87 traditions.” The robots’ 88 (absorb) performance greatly took audiences’ breath away. Thanks to these innovations, the robots won the hearts of millions. The performance YangBOT, 89 has been praised by fans nationwide, is a perfect mix of China’s tech progress 90 cultural pride. 【答案】81．Directed 82．a 83．threw 84．serving 85．safely 86．joints 87．to 88．absorbing 89．which 90．and 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2025年央视春晚上由机器人参与的特别表演《YangBOT》，介绍了其创意、技术实现、研发背景以及观众反响。 81．考查非谓语动词。句意：这场表演由著名导演张艺谋执导，将现代机器人技术与中国传统秧歌舞蹈巧妙融合。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语“the show”和动词“direct”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Directed。 82．考查冠词。句意：表演中，人形机器人身着色彩鲜艳的服装，跳起了秧歌——这种欢快的民间舞蹈源自中国北方。修饰名词dance的单数形式，表示泛指，用不定冠词，且joyful的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 83．考查谓语动词。句意：事实上，该公司自2016年起就投身于机器人研究。空处为本句谓语动词；根据“in 2016”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“this company”，单数，和动词“throw”之间为主动关系。故填threw。 84．考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年，他们研发的机器牛作为某知名歌手的伴舞，就曾展示过舞蹈技能。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语“their robot cows”和动词“serve”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填serving。 85．考查副词。句意：这些机器人通过人工智能学习舞蹈动作，并利用激光导航在不平整的舞台上安全移动。修饰动词“move”用副词形式，意为“安全地”。故填safely。 86．考查名词的数。句意：它们强劲的关节（结合处）帮助它们在快速舞步中保持完美平衡。空处考查名词形式担当主语；根据Their可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填joints。 87．考查固定搭配。句意：张艺谋解释道：“这场舞蹈不仅有趣，更展现了科技能为传统带来的新活力。”固定搭配：bring…to…，意为“将……带给……”，符合句意。故填to。 88．考查形容词。句意：机器人引人入胜的表演让观众们大为惊叹。空处为形容词absorbing修饰名词“performance”，意为“引人入胜的”。故填absorbing。 89．考查定语从句。句意：《YangBOT》这一表演受到了全国观众的好评，它完美融合了中国的科技进步与文化自豪感。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词“The performance YangBOT”在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 90．考查连词。句意：《YangBOT》这一表演受到了全国观众的好评，它完美融合了中国的科技进步与文化自豪感。空处为连词形式连接空前的“tech progress”和空后的“cultural pride”，为并列形式，用“and”连接。故填and。 （24-25高二下·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, an intelligent greenhouse has been built inside the China-France Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Sichuan Province. The intelligent greenhouse 91 (feature) the application of advanced technologies is the first semi-enclosed (半包围) greenhouse that operates efficiently in all weather conditions in southwest China. 92 a model project of agricultural technology cooperation (合作) between China and France, the park fully shows agricultural technologies and the 93 (wise) of the two countries. Over 40,000 cherry tomato plants of more than 10 superb 94 (variety) are grown in the greenhouse. Different from traditional farming, these cherry tomatoes are 95 (digital) managed and controlled throughout their life cycle. The production and efficiency are very impressive. 96 (equip) with various advanced devices, the greenhouse ensures the intelligent and accurate adjustments of indoor temperature, 97 creates the best environment for cherry tomatoes 98 (grow) in a “comfortable area” all year round. With a production of more than 250 tons of cherry tomatoes every year, the greenhouse provides jobs for over 30 nearby villagers, with a handsome income reaching 50,000 yuan each. Through technical cooperation with agricultural companies from France and the Netherlands, 99 intelligent control system was fixed in the greenhouse. Also, another system 100 (develop) to collect and use carbon dioxide (CO₂). This has helped increase the production and quality of cherry tomatoes while achieving environmental goals. 【答案】91．featuring 92．As 93．wisdom 94．varieties 95．digitally 96．Equipped 97．which 98．to grow 99．an 100．was developed 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四川中法农业科技园内建成的智能温室，其应用了先进技术，采用数字化管理，还提及了温室的产量、带来的就业机会以及通过国际合作安装的智能控制系统等内容。 91．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座以先进技术应用为特色的智能温室，是中国西南地区首个能在各种天气条件下高效运行的半封闭式温室。句中已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词，“The intelligent greenhouse”与“feature”之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。 92．考查介词。句意：作为中法农业技术合作的示范项目，该园区充分展示了两国的农业技术和智慧。结合句意，此处表示“作为”，应用介词“as”，位于句首首字母大写。故填As。 93．考查名词。句意：作为中法农业技术合作的示范项目，该园区充分展示了两国的农业技术和智慧。定冠词the后接名词，wise的名词形式是wisdom，且为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 94．考查名词复数。句意：温室里种植了超过40,000株樱桃番茄，有10多个优良品种。variety是可数名词，前面有more than 10修饰，所以用复数形式varieties。故填varieties。 95．考查副词。句意：与传统农业不同，这些樱桃番茄在其整个生命周期都进行数字化管理和控制。修饰动词managed and controlled要用副词，digital的副词形式是“digitally”。故填digitally。 96．考查非谓语动词。句意：温室配备了各种先进设备，确保对室内温度进行智能、精确的调节，为樱桃番茄创造了最佳环境，使它们全年都能在“舒适区”生长。句中已有谓语动词ensures，空处需填非谓语动词，the greenhouse与equip之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语，位于句首首字母大写。故填Equipped。 97．考查定语从句。句意：温室配备了各种先进设备，确保对室内温度进行智能、精确的调节，为樱桃番茄创造了最佳环境，使它们全年都能在“舒适区”生长。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故填which。 98．考查非谓语动词。句意：温室配备了各种先进设备，确保对室内温度进行智能、精确的调节，为樱桃番茄创造了最佳环境，使它们全年都能在“舒适区”生长。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。 99．考查冠词。句意：通过与法国和荷兰的农业公司的技术合作，温室里安装了一个智能控制系统。system是可数名词，此处表示泛指，intelligent发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 100．考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，还开发了另一个系统来收集和利用二氧化碳。结合上下文可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，another system与develop之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was developed。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$