内容正文:
2025新译林八上 U3 To be a good learner 讲义精编
目录
Part1 词汇变形+短语背诵 2
Part2 单元知识点考点汇总 4
考点一 :feed 4
考点二 :single 4
考点三 :against 5
考点四 :fall 5
考点五 :success 6
考点六 :drive 6
考点七 :found 7
考点八:talent 8
考点九 :set 8
考点十 :return + re 前缀扩展 9
考点十一 :order 10
考点十二 :in order... 11
考点十三 :curious 12
考点十四:predict +pre 前缀扩展 12
考点十五 :surprise 13
考点十六 :badly 14
考点十七 :record 14
考点十八:possible 15
考点十九 :rather than 15
考点二十 :speech 16
Part3 副词的比较级和最高级&反身代词 17
考点一:副词的比较级和最高级 17
考点二:反身代词 19
难点一:副词比较级与形容词比较级的结构混淆 20
难点二:反身代词与宾格代词的误用 21
难点三:副词最高级前 the 的取舍规则 21
中考真题速递 22
各地名校真题 24
Part1 词汇变形+短语背诵
1. feed (vt.喂养)→fed (v.过去式/过去分词)
2. lifetime (n.一生)→life (n.生命)→lifelong (adj.终身的)
3. success (n.成功)→successful (adj.成功的)→successfully (adv.成功地)
4. drive (n.冲劲v.驾/驱动)→drove (v.过去式)→driven (v.过去分词)
5. invent (v.发明)→inventor (n.发明家)→invention (n.发明)
6. talent (n.天资)→talented (adj.有才能的)
7. century (n.世纪)→centuries (n.复数形式)
8. print (v.印刷/n.印刷行业)→printer (n.印刷工;打印机)
9. in order to (为了)→so as to (为了,同义短语)
10. curious (adj.好奇的)→curiosity (n.好奇心)→curiously (adv.好奇地)
11. predict (vt.预测)→prediction (n.预测)→predictable (adj.可预测的)
12. count (v.计数)→countless (adj.数不尽的)→countable (adj.可数的)
13. great (adj.伟大的)→greatness (n.伟大)
14. Italy (n.意大利,国家名称)→Italian (adj.意大利的)
15. translate (vt.翻译)→translation (n.翻译)
16. bad (adj.坏的,糟糕的)→badly (adv.严重地)→worse (adj.更坏的)→worst (adj.最坏的)
17. possible (adj.可能的)→possibly (adv.可能地)→possibility (n.可能性)
18. pronounce (v.发音)→pronunciation (n.发音)
19. speech (n.演讲)→speeches (n.复数形式)→speechless (adj.说不出话的)
20. repeat (v.重复)→repetition (n.重复)
21. tourist (n.游客)→tour (n.旅行)
序号
英文短语
中文翻译
序号
英文短语
中文翻译
1
give suggestions on
对……给出建议
21
teach oneself
自学
2
have strong drive to learn
有强烈的学习动力
22
let sb.use sth.for free
让某人免费使用某物
3
be willing to do sth.
愿意做某事
23
be well-known for
因……闻名
4
on the right path
在正确的道路上
24
run into
遇到
5
manage our time well
管理好我们的时间
25
have a talent for
有……的天赋
6
from a young age
从年轻时起
26
meet with great success
获得巨大成功
7
set sb.apart from
使某人与…区分开来
27
set a good example for
为……树立好榜样
8
have two years of education
接受两年的教育
28
translate …into
把……翻译成
9
borrow sth.from
从……借某物
29
in one hour
在一小时内
10
stay up very late
熬夜到很晚
30
worked as
担任,作为……工作
11
in order to
为了
31
play an important role in
在……中起重要作用
12
be curious about
对……好奇
32
change…into…
把……变成……
13
become/be interested in
对……感兴趣
33
as ..as possible
尽可能
14
what’s more
此外
34
write down
写下
15
a great love for science
对科学的热爱
35
focus on
专注于
16
come as no surprise
不足为奇;并不奇怪
36
practice makes perfect
熟能生巧
17
in his late 70s
在他七十多岁时
37
give tips on
给出关于…的建议
18
make money from
从……赚钱
38
sb.spend time/money (in)doing sth.
某人花费时间/金钱做某事
19
his greatness goes further than that
他的伟大不止于此
39
to one’s surprise
令某人惊讶的是
20
a lifelong learner
终身学习者
40
in one’s free time
在某人空闲时间
Part2 单元知识点考点汇总
考点一 :feed
①【及物动词】喂养 ;养活≈support;(给植物)施肥;(给人)灌输;提供信息
feed + 人/动物 + 食物=feed+食物 + to+人/动物
a news feed(新闻推送)/ a data feed(数据输入)
②【不及物动词】吃东西;进食
动词过去式/过去分词:fed(不规则变化)
③【名词】一餐 ;一顿;动物的饲料/牧草;植物的肥料;(信息)馈送
feed back 反馈;反过来对...起作用( feedback不可数名词更常用)
feed on 以……为食;依赖……生存
be fed up with=be bored with 对...感到厌烦
派生词:
feeding 【名词】“喂养;饲养” ; 【形容词】“给食的”
feeder 【名词】“喂食器;饲养员;进食的人或动物”
1.授人以鱼不如授人以渔。(P35)
Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day;teach a man you feed him for a lifetime.
2. 蝙蝠在夜间飞行,以昆虫为食。
Bats fly at night and feed on insects.
3. 她每天给猫喂鱼。(2种)She feeds her cat fish every day./ She feeds fish to her cat every day.
4. Cows feed on grass.(牛以草为食。)
5. Buy some chicken feed on your way home.(回家路上买些鸡饲料。)
6. I have a large family to feed.(我要养活一大家子人)
7. Solar panels feed energy into the grid.(太阳能板向电网供电。)
8. Please feed back your suggestions to us.(请把建议反馈给我们。)
9. The sheep are feeding quietly in the fields.(羊群在田野里静静地吃草。)
10. I’m fed up with the wet weather.=I’m bored with the wet weather. =I dislike the wet weather.=I hate the wet weather.我讨厌这种潮湿的天气。
11. The volunteers fed (喂) the stray dogs every weekend and gave them warm shelters during the winter.
考点二 :single
【形容词】①单个的 ;单一的 ;单程的(只放在名词前) ②婚姻状态 :未婚的 ;单身的
【名词】①单数②单曲③单人房④一元纸币⑤单身者⑥(网球)单打比赛(复数singles)
【动词】挑出 ;选出 single out≈pick out the best candidate 挑出最佳候选人
a single room 单人间 a single bed 单人床
a single (ticket) 单程票 a return (ticket) 往返票
release a single 发行单曲 a club for singles 单身人士俱乐部
派生词:single-minded一心一意的 single-handed独自完成的;单枪匹马的
1. 千里之行始于足下。(P35) A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
2. 一张往返票比两张单程票便宜。A return ticket is cheaper than two single tickets.
3. 我们天天吃米饭。We eat rice every single day.
4. 你单身吗?他们将为单身者组织一场聚会。Are you single? They’ll organize a party for singles.
5. He gave her a single red rose.(他送给她一枝红玫瑰。)
6. I couldn’t understand a single word she said.他讲的东西我一个字听不懂。
7. Zheng Qinwen was the women’s singles champion.郑钦文是女子单打比赛冠军。
8. Even a single (单个的) small act of kindness can brighten someone's day and spread positiv
9. The pads, a kind of electronic equipment that we can use to read, are smaller and light than a book.
A. simple B. single C. thick D. strong
考点三 :against
【介词】
①反对 fight against terrorism反对恐怖主义 注:【介词】支持 for
②违背 against the law违法 against one ’s will违背某人意愿
③逆行 swim against the tide逆流游泳 row against the current划船逆流而上 ④碰撞/倚靠 hit against撞上lean against the wall靠在墙上
⑤预防/抵御 protect against保护 … 免受guard against( 防范)
⑥对比/衬托
⑦对...不利 His age is against her.他的年龄对他不利
1.学习如逆水行舟,不进则退。(P35)
Studying is like rowing a boat against the current. If you don’t move forward, you’ll fall behind.
2. They compete against the best team.(他们和最强的队伍比赛。)
3. Vaccines protect against diseases.(疫苗预防疾病。)
4. Red looks bright against green.(红色在绿色衬托下显得鲜艳。)
5. Many students voted against(反对) cancelling(取消) the school picnic even the weather wasn't good.
6.-Many people are____building a light rail station here.-I have heard of that. They are worried about the noise pollution.
A. for B. with C. against D. from
考点四 :fall 相关短语
fall behind (sb./sth.)落后(于某人/某事)过去式:_________ 过去分词:___________ ①接具体事物/人, 表示在某方面落后于他人或进度。
例:I fell behind the others in the race.(我在比赛中落后于其他人。)
例:Don’t fall behind your study schedule.(别落后于学习计划。)
②单独使用(不接宾语)表示“落后” 的状态。
例:If you don’t work hard, you’ll fall behind.(如果你不努力,就会落后。)
fall asleep入睡 fall ill/sick生病
fall in love (with sb.)爱上(某人) fall into落入;陷入(困境等)
fall to pieces破碎;崩溃 fall into great difficulty陷入极大困难
fall apart土崩瓦解;破裂 fall back后退;撤退
fall over+n.被……绊倒
fall down from...从……摔下/倒塌侧重“从高处落下” ,接地点时“from”
fall off+n.从……上掉下“从物体的表面脱落或摔下”物体本身是支撑点
1.学习如逆水行舟,不进则退。(P35)
Studying is like rowing a boat against the current. If you don’t move forward, you’ll fall behind.
2. The catfell into the river.(猫掉进了河里。)
3. Don’t fall behind in your studies.(学习别落后。)
4. He fell ill and missed the exam.(他生病了,错过了考试。)
5. The dog ran too fast and fell over the mat.(狗跑得太快,被垫子绊倒了。)
考点五 :success
【不可数名词】抽象“成功”
例:Confidence is the key to success.(信心是成功的关键。)
【可数名词】具体“成功的人或事” 例:The party was a big success. 常见短语:
achieve success(取得成功)have success in doing sth.(在某事上成功) make a success of sth.(把某事做成)
”successful【形容词】“成功的” be successful in/at sth.(在 …… 中成功)
”succeed【不及物动词】无被动语态
succeed in doing sth.(成功做某事)succeed as...(作为 ……成功)
1.对于成功学习,你认为什么最重要?(P35)
What do you think is important for successful learning?
2.他的伟大远不止那个。作为一个终身学习者,他把学习看成一个令人兴奋并且无止境 的旅程,充满了好奇和成功,这是他给与世界的最大的礼物。(P37)
His greatness goes further than that.As a lifelong learner,he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey,full of wonder and success.This is his greater gift to the world
3. He succeeded in passing the exam.(他成功通过了考试。)
4. She succeeded as a singer.(她作为歌手很成功。)
5. The new movie was a great success. Many people liked it.(成功)
6. He is successful in business. He has a lot of money.(成功)
7. Finally, he succeeded in getting the job after many interviews.(成功)
8. With advanced technology and precise(精确的) calculations, the team_________in ensuring the smooth flight of Shenzhou-20, and it was a really_________space mission.
A.success;succeed B.succeeded;successful C.successful;succeed D.succeeded;success
考点六 :drive
【动词】 过去式:_________ 过去分词:___________
①驾驶(汽车等) I drive (a car) to work every day.(我每天开车去上班。)
②用车送(人) Could you drive me to the station?(你能开车送我去车站吗?)
③驱动;推动 Water power drives the machine.(水力驱动这台机器。)
④驱赶(猎物) The shepherd drove the sheep into the pen.(牧羊人把羊群赶进羊圈。)
⑤迫使; 驱使 drive sb crazy/mad ( 把人逼疯) drive sb to do sth (迫使某人做) 3
【名词】
①驱车旅行;兜风;车程 go for a drive( 去兜风 ) a three-hour drive( 3小时车程
②私人车道 There is a big tree at the end of the drive.( 车道尽头有棵大树。)
③冲动;欲望 He has a strong drive to succeed.(他有强烈的成功欲望。)
④干劲; 魄力 ;积极性 The young man is full of drive.(这个年轻人充满干劲。)
⑤(用于路名)路,大道
穆赫兰道Mulholland Drive象征洛杉矶的“ 梦想之路 ”,融合自然景观与都市传奇。
drive 原指“驾车行驶 ”,后延伸为“适合驾车的景观道路 ”,强调驾驶体验与风景结合。
1.对我来说,一件事是有很强的学习动机,如果你有意愿学习,你就会更加努力。(P35)
For me,one thing is to have strong drive to learn,If you are willing to learn,you will work harder
2. 噪音使我发疯。The noise drives me crazy.
3. 我们去乡下兜风了。We went for a drive in the countryside.
5. My father is a bus driver.(drive) He always drives( drive) carefully.
6. The heavy snowstorm drove(drive) us to stay at home for the whole day.
7. It’s dangerous to drive(drive) after drinking wine.
8. Can you imagine driving (drive) a spaceship in the future?
考点七 :found
【及物动词(原形) 】过去式/过去分词 founded
“建立 、创办 、创建”具体的组织 、机构 、国家 、理论体系等。
①被动语态 :主语 +be founded+ 时间/地点/by sb.(常用于描述创建的时间 、背景)
②be founded on/upon: 以……为基础 、建立在……之上
③a founding member/father创办人之一 ;元勋
【易混辨析】found(创建) vs. find(发现)
动词原型 :found 过去式/过去分词 :founded
动词原型 :find 过去式/过去分词 :found 找到 、发现 [可数名词] finding
1. 一个作家,科学家,发明家和美国奠基人之一, 本杰明富兰克林是一个有很多才能的 人,也是18世纪最著名的人之一。(P36)
A writer,scientist,inventor and one of the Founding Father of the United States,Beijing Franklin was a man of many talents
2.然后他发现,暴雨是从一个地方移动到另外一个地方。(P37)
His findings help predict the weather.
3.他的发现帮助预测了天气。(P37) His findings help predict the weather.
2. Ifounda key in my pocket.(我在口袋里发现了一把钥匙。)
3. The charity was founded in 2000.(该慈善机构成立于2000年。)
4. The university was founded by a group of scholars in 1850.(这所大学由一群学者于1850年创建。)
5. The organization was founded on the idea of helping the homeless. (该组织基于帮助无家可归者的理念而立。)
6. Wefoundthe movie very interesting.(我们觉得这部电影很有趣。)
7. A good relationship should be founded on trust.(良好的关系应建立在信任之上。)
8. We found him reading in the library.(我们发现他正在图书馆读书。)
9. Some professors are interested in founding (found)a research institute(研究所 ) that focuses on environmental protection.
10. The students cheered when the teacher displayed their findings (调查发现) showing 90% of classmates prefer outdoor activities.
考点八:talent
【名词】
①“ 天赋 、天资”have (a) talent for sth.(在某方面有天赋)介词for连接具体领域
②“有才能的人 ,人才 ,天才”
talent show:才艺表演 develop one ’s talent:开发某人的才能
1.本杰明富兰克林是一个有很多才能的人,也是18世纪最著名的人之一。(P36)
Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people of the 18th century.
2. She has a naturaltalent formusic.(她天生有音乐天赋。)
3. Writing is askill, not just atalent.(写作是一种技能,不只是天赋。)
4. The company is always looking fornew talent.(这家公司一直在寻找新人才。)
5. He’s areal talentin painting.(他是绘画方面的真正人才。)
6. She hasmany talents, like singing, dancing and acting.(她有很多才能)
7. I watched atalent showon TV last night.(昨晚我在电视上看了一场才艺表演。)
8. Schools should help studentsdevelop their talents.(学校应帮助学生开发才能。)
9. Many youngtalents(talent) joined the competition last year.
考点九 :set
回顾 :set4个意思
【名词】一套;一组;【动词】放置;设定;落山
set apart:使突出 ,与众不同 过去式/分词:set现在分词:setting
set up:建立;设立 set up a school/company
set about:开始;着手(做某事) set about doing sth
set out: ①出发;动身 ②着手(做某事) set out to do sth.
set down:①记下;写下 ②放下;搁下 set down=put down
set aside: ①留出;腾出(时间、金钱等)②把……放在一边set aside=save+put away
set off: ①动身;启程 ②点燃;使爆炸 set off for...
1.从很小开始,富兰克林对学习的热情就让他区别于许多其他人。(P36)
From a young age, Franklin’s great love of learning set him apart from many others.
2. The school plans toset upa new laboratory.(学校计划建立一个新实验室。)
3. Sheset out to writea novel last year.(她去年着手写一部小说。)
4. We willset out forBeijing tomorrow.(我们明天将动身去北京。)
5. The childrenset offthe fireworks on New Year’s Eve.(孩子们在除夕夜燃放烟花。)
6. Pleaseset downyour name and address here.(请在这里写下你的姓名和地址。)
7. Heset downthe heavy box and took a rest.(他放下沉重的箱子,休息了一会儿。)
8. Heset aboutcleaning the room as soon as he got home.(他一到家就开始打扫房间。)
9. I set aside some money every month for my future study.(我每月留出一些钱用于我未来的学习。)
考点十 :return + re 前缀扩展
【动词】
①“返回某地; 回到某种状态”
return to + 地点/状态 return to normal恢复正常 return home回家
②“ 归还某物;退还” return sb sth=return sth to sb归还某人某物
③“ 回应; 回报” return his love/call回报他的爱/回他电话
【名词】
①“返回; 归来; 归还; 回复; 回礼”②“ 回报;收益”③“往返票”
in return 作为回报(后接“for sth. ”说明回报对象)
on one ’s return某人回来的时候
注意:
①return本身即为“ 归还 ,返回”故后面不能接again与back等 。
②return可用现在进行时表将来时。如 :He is returning tomorrow.他明天回来 。
③return可修饰名词 。 如: a return ticket往返票 6
1.他经常从书贩子那里借书,并且熬很晚的夜为了第二天早点还书。(P36)
He often borrowed books from book sellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day.
2. 我把那本书还给他了。(2 种)I returned the book to him./I returned him the book.
3. 记得把钥匙还给我。Remember to return the key to me.
4. She helped me, and Ibought her a coffee in return.(她帮了我,我请她喝了咖啡作为回报。)
5.On his return, he found the house empty.(他回来的时候就发现房子空了。)
6. The investment brought ahigh return.(这笔投资带来了高收益。)
7. Hisreturn fromthe trip was delayed by bad weather.(他因恶劣天气推迟了旅行归来。)
8. She waved at me, and Ireturned the wave.(她向我挥手,我也回了挥手。)
9. Hereturned to his hometownafter graduation.(他毕业后回到了家乡。)
10. The temperature willreturn to normaltomorrow.(气温明天将恢复正常。)
注:前缀“re -”
前缀“re - ”:“ 回 、向后”或“再次 、重新” 的意思
return:返还/回; 回报 =re-( 回/向后)+turn(转) ,字面含义为“转回去”
reflect:反射;反映 =re-( 回)+ flect(弯曲 )“弯回去” ,引申为光/声音反射 retreat:撤退;后退 =re-( 向后)+ treat(移动)“ 向后移动” ,如军队撤退
recall:召回; 回忆 =re-( 回)+ call(呼叫 )“叫回来” ,或记忆“ 回 ”到过去 repeat:重复/说/做 =re -(再次)+peat(源自拉丁语“petere” ,意为“寻求 、做 ” )
review: 复习 、回顾 =re -(再次)+ view(看)
rebuild :重建 =re -(重新)+ build(建造)
restart:重启 =re -(重新)+ start(开始)构成
rewrite重写 reconnect重新连接 read redo 重做
replay重放;重赛 renew 更新;续订 revisit 重访 rethink 重新考虑
recycle回收利用 reuse再利用 replay重放;重赛 retell复述
注 :不是所有以 “re” 开头的单词都有前缀含义:
比如 “real”, “red”, “rent”, “rest” 等 ,它们的 “re” 是词根的一部分 ,不是前缀。
1. Teachers needto keep orderin the classroom.(老师需要维持课堂秩序。)
2. Keep the booksin orderon the shelf.(把书在书架上放整齐。)
3. The company receivedan orderfor 500 laptops.(公司收到了500台笔记本电脑的订单。)
4. The waitertook our orderand brought drinks first.(服务员记下我们点的餐,先上了饮品。)
5. Orderthese files by date to find them easily.(按日期整理这些文件以便查找。)
6. Soldiers must obeyevery orderfrom their commander.(士兵必须服从指挥官的每一条命令。)
7. Arrange the wordsin alphabetical order.(按字母顺序排列这些单词。)
8. The coachorderedthe playersto runlaps.(教练命令队员跑圈。)
9. The teacher gave threeorders(order).
10. The machine isin orderand ready to use.(机器运转正常,可以使用。)
11. The elevator isout of order—use the stairs.(电梯故障,请走楼梯。)
12. Arrange the eventsin order of time.(按时间顺序排列事件。)
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考点十一 :order
【动词】
①“命令 ;指示” order sb. to do sth.(命令某人做某事)
作“命令”讲 ,后接that从句时 ,需用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”
②“订购;预订” order sth. from + 地点/人(从某处订购某物)
③“点餐” Shall we order now?”(我们现在点餐吗? )
④ “整理;排列” order sth. by/according to...(按 ……整理) 【名词】
①“命令 ;指示”give an order(下命令);follow/carry out an order(执行命令)
②“订购;订单”a large order(大额订单)
③“点餐 ;点单”May I take our order?您现在点餐吗?
④ “顺序 ;次序”(不可数名词)
in order(有序) ;out of order(混乱);in the order of...(按 …… 的顺序)
⑤“秩序 ;规矩”(不可数名词)
keep/maintain order(维持秩序) law and order(法治秩序)
1. Teachers needto keep orderin the classroom.(老师需要维持课堂秩序。)
2. Keep the booksin orderon the shelf.(把书在书架上放整齐。)
3. The company receivedan orderfor 500 laptops.(公司收到了500台笔记本电脑的订单。)
4. The waitertook our orderand brought drinks first.(服务员记下我们点的餐,先上了饮品。)
5. Orderthese files by date to find them easily.(按日期整理这些文件以便查找。)
6. Soldiers must obeyevery orderfrom their commander.(士兵必须服从指挥官的每一条命令。)
7. Arrange the wordsin alphabetical order.(按字母顺序排列这些单词。)
8. The coachorderedthe playersto runlaps.(教练命令队员跑圈。)
9. The teacher gave threeorders(order).
10. The machine isin orderand ready to use.(机器运转正常,可以使用。)
11. The elevator isout of order—use the stairs.(电梯故障,请走楼梯。)
12. Arrange the eventsin order of time.(按时间顺序排列事件。)
考点十二 :in order...
in order to do sth“为了” 否定形式:in order not to do sth.(为了不 … … ) in order that + 从句(表目的)“为了”
例:He called ahead in order that we might prepare.(他提前打电话以便我们准备。 )
易混辨析1 :in order(有序) ≠ in order to(为了 )
易混辨析2: “in order to do”vs. “to do”vs“so as to do”
①in order to :正式 ,可放句首或句中(例:In order to help her, I stayed late.)
②to: 口语常用 ,可放句首或句中(例:I stayed late to help her.)
③so as to :不能放句首 ,只能放句中
(例: × So as to help her, I stayed late. √ I stayed late so as to help her.)
易混辨析 :in order that vs. so that
①in order that只表示目的 ,更正式
②so that引导目的状语从句“为了 ,以便” ,也引导结果状语从句“ 因此 ,结果 ”
I study hard so that I can enter a good university.(我努力学习,为了能考上好大学。 )
The weather was terrible, so that we had to cancel the picnic.( 天气太糟,结果我们不得不 取消野餐。)
1.他经常从书贩子那里借书,并且熬很晚的夜为了第二天早点还书。(P36)He often borrowed books from book sellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day.
2. 他存钱为了买车。(3种)He saved money in order to buy a car./He saved money to buy a car./He saved money so as to buy a car.
3.In order to pass the exam, she studied until midnight.(为了通过考试)
4. She exercised every dayin order to lose weight.(她每天锻炼以减肥。)
5. She arrived earlyin order thatshe might get a good seat.(她早到,以便能占到好座位。)
6. He didn’t sleep well last night,so thathe felt tired all day.(他昨晚没睡好,因此一整天都觉得累。)
7. She took notesin order thatshe wouldn’t forget the details.(她做笔记以免忘记细节。)
8.In order tocelebrate the Spring Festival, we decorate our house with new colourful lights andput upSpring Festival couplets.
A.As a result;put up B.In order to;put in C.As a result;put in D.In order to;put up
9. Some students usually stay up late to prepare for the coming examin order toget good results in the exam.
A. so that B. such that C. in order to D. in order that
考点十三 :curious
【形容词】①“好奇的 ;求知欲强的”②“稀奇的 ;不寻常的”可作定语或表语 “be curious about sth. ”对...好奇 “be curious to do sth. ”
派生词:
curiosity【名词】①“好奇心;求知欲”②“珍品 ;奇事”
“out of curiosity”(出于好奇)
“satisfy/arouse one's curiosity”(满足/激起某人的好奇心)
curiously【副词】“好奇地”用于修饰动词 ;也可用于句首 ,意为“奇怪的是”
1. 出于对周围世界的好奇,富兰克林曾经变得对研究暴雨感兴趣。(P37)Out of curiosity about the world around him, Franklin once became interested in studying storms.
2. The new student iscuriousabout everything and always asks me different questions about our school.
3. He looked at the strangercuriously.(他好奇地看着那个陌生人。)
4. This is acuriousphenomenon.(这是个奇特的现象。)
5. The noisesounds curious.(这声音听起来很奇怪。)
6. Sheis curious aboutthe new neighbor.(她对新邻居很好奇。)
7. He iscurious toexplore the mysterious cave.(他渴望探索那个神秘的洞穴。)
8. Out of curiosity, he opened the box.(出于好奇,他打开了盒子。)
9. This old coin isa curiosity.(这枚古币是件珍品。)
10.Curiously, she didn't show up at the party.(奇怪的是,她没有在聚会上露面。)
考点十四:predict +pre前缀扩展
【动词】“预测 ;预言;预告” ,后接名词 、代词或从句。
①predict sth.(直接跟宾语)
例:The app predicts the weather accurately.(这个应用准确预报天气。)
②predict that + 从句(后接宾语从句 )
例:Experts predict that the economy will recover soon.(专家预言经济将很快复苏。)
③predict wh-从句(连接代词/副词引导的从句 )
例:Can you predict when the project will finish?(你能预测项目何时完成吗?)
派生词:
predictable【形容词】“可预测的 ;不出所料的” ,可修饰人或事物。
predictably【副词】“不出所料地;按预期地” ,修饰动词或整个句子。
prediction【名词】“预测 ;预言” ,可数或不可数 ,常与动词 make 、fulfill 等搭配
前缀拓展:
“pre- ”作为前缀 ,主要表示“在……之前”“预先”“先于”等含义
①表示“在……之前”“先于”
preschool(幼儿园):“pre- ”+“school” 即“上学前的教育阶段”
predict(预测):“dict”表示“说 ”“pre- ”+“dict”指“提前说出”
prefix(前缀):“fix”表示“ 固定”,“pre- ”+“fix” 即“放在前面固定的部分” prewar(战前的):“war”指“ 战争”,pre- ”+“war”表示“ 战争发生之前的”
prehistory(史前史):“pre- ”+“history” 即“有文字记载历史之前的时期”
②表示“预先”“提前”
prepare(准备):“pare”(准备)“pre- ”+“pare”表示“提前准备”
preview(预演/预览):“view”指“观看”,“pre- ”+“view” 即“提前观看”
prepay(预付):“pay”表示“ 支付”,“pre- ”+“pay”意为“提前支付”
考点十五 :surprise
【动词】“使惊讶;使意外” surprise sb.使某人惊讶
【可数名词】“惊喜;意外之事”具体的惊喜事件 a big surprise(一个大惊喜) 【不可数名词】“惊讶;惊奇”指情绪状态
come as no surprise to one's surprise 不足为奇
in surprise 令人惊讶惊讶的是
派生词
surprising【形容词】“令人惊讶的”修饰物或事
surprised【形容词】“感到惊讶的”修饰人 be surprised at/by sth.
surprisingly【副词】“ 出人意料地”修饰动词或句子
1. 而且,富兰克林对科学有很深的爱,所以他的无数发明不足为奇。(P37)
What’s more, Franklin had a great love for science, so his numerous inventions came as no surprise.
2.让我震惊的是,他们听不懂我的英语,我不得不重复很多次。(P46)To my surprise, they couldn’t understand my English, and I had to repeat myself many times.
2. The resultsurprised everyone.(结果让所有人都很意外。)
3. Surprisingly, the old man can run faster than the young.(出人意料的是,这位老人跑得比年轻人还快。)
4. To my surprise, he finished the task in an hour.(令我惊讶的是,他一小时就完成了任务。)
5. She looked up in surprise.(她惊讶地抬头。)
6. It'ssurprisingthat he passed the exam.(他通过了考试,真让人意外。)
7. I wassurprised athis sudden visit.(我对他的突然到访感到惊讶。)
8. She wassurprised tofind him there.(她惊讶地发现他在那里。)
9. Itcame as no surprise(不足为奇)that he won the competition because he had prepared for it for a long time.
10. 他的音乐天赋让所有人都惊讶。His talent for music surprised everyone.
考点十六 :badly
【副词】 比较级______________ 最高级__________________
①“糟糕地;差地”修饰动词 做得不好: do badly in →擅长 :do well in
②“严重地;非常”侧重“迫切地”, 多与负面需求相关,very 则更中性
want/need sth badly急需某物
be badly hurt伤害严重 be badly off(不可拆分)处境艰难;贫困=poor
派生词:
bad【形容词】“坏的;糟糕的 ;有害的”be bad for对...有害 a bad habit坏习惯 badness【名词】“坏;恶劣 ;缺点”, 多为抽象概念
1. The weather istoo bad to go out.(天气太糟,没法出门。)
2. Hiscondition got worseovernight.(他的状况一夜之间恶化了。)
3. Heplayed the piano badly.(他钢琴弹得很差。)
4. The project wasbadly managed.(这个项目管理得很糟糕。)
5. Shebadly wantsto pass the exam.(她非常想通过考试。)
6. The injured man wasbadly hurt.(伤者伤得很重。)
7. The family wasbadly offwhen he was a child.(他小时候家里很穷。)
8. He couldn't deny thebadnessof his behavior.(他无法否认自己行为的恶劣。)
9. He played the game sobadly(bad) that everyone was disappointed.
10. Today James played evenworse(badly) than the day before yesterday.
考点十七 :record
①“记录;记载”②“录制(声音/影像) ”③“创下(纪录) ”后接数据或成绩 【名词】(重音在第一个音节 /'rekɔ:d/)
①“记录;记载”(可数/不可数)
for the record :郑重声明;正式记录在案 on record: 公开记录的 ;有记载的
②“纪录;最佳成绩”(可数)
break a record: 打破纪录 old a record: 保持纪录 ③“唱片”(可数) a vinyl record: 黑胶唱片 派生词
recordable【形容词】“可记录的 ;可录制的” a recordable CD(可刻录光盘)
recording【名词/形容词】“录制 ;录音制品” a live recording(现场录音)
recorder【名词】“记录者;录音机;竖笛” a tape recorder(磁带录音机)
1. The history bookrecords important eventsof the dynasty.(这本史书记载了该王朝的重要事件。)
2. The bandwill recorda new album next month.(乐队下个月将录制新专辑。)
3. Shecollects old recordsfrom the 1960s.(她收集20世纪60年代的老唱片。)
4. The athleterecorded the fastest timein the race.(这位运动员在比赛中创下了最快纪录。)
5. The band released anew recordingyesterday.(乐队昨天发布了新的录音作品。)
6. She plays the recorder in the school band.(她在学校乐队里吹竖笛。)
7. It's the hottest summer on record.(这是有记录以来最热的夏天。)
8. For the record, I disagree with this decision.(郑重声明,我反对这个决定。)
9. She broke the world record in the 100-meter dash.(她打破了100米短跑的世界纪录。)
10. He holds the record for most goals scored.(他保持着进球最多的纪录。)
11. Therecord(record) of the meeting will be sent to all members.
考点十八:possible
【形容词 】“可能的 ;可能存在的” 反义词 :impossible
①It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.某人有可能做某事
②as+形容词/副词+as possible=as...as sb can 尽可能 … …
③if possible 如果可能的话
派生词
possibly【 副词 】①“可能地;也许”②用于疑问句中加强语气 possibility【名词 】“可能性;可能的方法”
1.赵认为花费尽可能多的时间在语言的听说读写上很重要(P43)
Zhao believes it’s important to spend as much time as possible on listening, speaking, reading, and writing in the language.
2.我认为你应该努力频繁的听英语。(P45) I think you should try to listen to English frequently.
3. Please come back as soon as possible.(请尽快回来。)
4. It's possible for her to finish the task in two days.(她有可能在两天内完成任务。)
5. Could you possibly help me with this?(你能不能帮我这个忙?)
6. He possibly forgot about the meeting.(他可能忘了开会的事。)
考点十九 :rather than
”在句中表示“而不是” ,用于连接两个并列成分 ,强调否定后者 ,肯定前者。
①后接动词原形(常用于省略to 的不定式结构)(若前面有to ,需省略to )
prefer to do A rather than do B”为固定搭配 ,意为“ 宁愿做A而不是做B”
例:He decided to stay at home rather than go out.(他决定待在家,而不是出去。) ②后接动名词/名词/代词
例:She enjoys reading rather than watching TV.(她喜欢读书,而不是看电视。) ③后接形容词/介词短语
例:He is brave rather than clever.(他是勇敢,而不是聪明。)
”在句首,表示“与其 ……不如 … … ”Rather than Y, (I) ... X, 强调主动放弃 Y 选择X 例:Rather than wait for the bus, we walked home.(我们没等公交,而是走回家了。)
拓展:
instead of+名词/动名词“而不是”
would rather ( not )do sth. than do sth. “ 宁愿(不) ……也不愿 … … ”
1.赵相信最好是集中在句子而不是单个词汇上。(P43)
Zhao believes it’s better to focus on sentences rather than individual words.
2.I would rather walk than take a taxi.(我宁愿走路也不愿打车。)
3.-We are supposed to help the classmates who are in trouble________laugh at them.-I can't agree with you more. We should support each other.
A. instead of B. as well as C. rather than D. would rather
4. I would rather________the chance than________Mary. She is my best friend.
A. not to take; to hurt B. not taking; hurting C. not take; hurt D. not taking; to hurt
考点二十 :speech
【名词】
①说话;言语能力②正式演讲(如公开演讲 、致辞)③(书中的)人物讲话; 台词
ose one ’s speech(失去说话能力 ) freedom of speech(言论自由 )
make/give a speech(做演讲) prepare a speech(准备讲稿)
speech contest(演讲比赛) speech bubble(漫画中的)对话框
【近义辨析 :speech vs. talk vs. lecture】
speech:正式演讲(如庆典 、政治场合);
talk:较随意的讲话(如座谈会 、分享会);
lecture :学术性讲座(如课程 、学术报告)。
1.努力集中谈话或者演讲的主要意思。(P45)
Try to focus on the main points of a conversation or speech.
2.Her speech became slurred after drinking.(她酒后说话变得含糊不清。)
3. The president delivered a speech on education reform.(总统发表了关于教育改革的演讲。)
4. The play includes long speeches from the main character.(这部戏包含主角的大段独白。)
5. She won first prize in the school speech contest.(她在学校演讲比赛中获一等奖。)
6. Dialogues in comics are shown in speech bubbles.(漫画中的对话用对话框呈现。
Part3 副词的比较级和最高级&反身代词
考点一:副词的比较级和最高级
核心知识梳理
(一)构成规则
1. 一般情况:单音节副词和少数双音节副词在词尾加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级。
o 例:fast(快地)→faster→fastest(The cheetah runs faster than any other animal. 猎豹比其他任何动物跑得都快。);hard(努力地)→harder→hardest(He works harder than his classmates. 他比同学学习更努力。)。
2. 多音节及部分双音节副词:在原级前加 more 构成比较级,加 most 构成最高级。
o 例:carefully(仔细地)→more carefully→most carefully(She listens more carefully than her sister. 她比妹妹听讲更仔细。);quickly(迅速地)→more quickly→most quickly(The rabbit runs more quickly than the tortoise. 兔子比乌龟跑得更快。)。
3. 不规则变化:
o well(好地)→better→best(He plays basketball better than anyone else. 他篮球打得比其他人都好。);
o badly(差地)→worse→worst(The team played worse today than yesterday. 这支队伍今天比昨天打得更差。;
o far(远地)→farther/further→farthest/furthest(He jumped farther than all his friends. 他比所有朋友都跳得更远)
(二)用法规则
1. 比较级:用于两者之间的比较,结构为 “副词比较级 + than”,可被 much/a little/even 等词修饰。
o 例:She speaks English much better than me. 她英语说得比我好得多。
2. 最高级:用于三者及以上的比较,结构为 “the + 副词最高级 + 范围”,最高级前的 the 可省略。
o 例:Of all the singers, she sings (the) most beautifully. 在所有歌手中,她唱歌最动听。
3. 特殊结构:
o “比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示 “越来越……”(The car is running faster and faster. 汽车跑得越来越快。);
o “The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 表示 “越…… 越……”(The harder you study, the better grades you will get. 学习越努力,成绩越好。)。
即学即用
1. Tom studies ________ than before, so he makes fewer mistakes now.
A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully
答案:D
解析:句意:汤姆学习比以前更认真了,所以现在犯错更少。than 提示用比较级,修饰动词 studies 用副词 carefully,其比较级为 more carefully,故选 D。
2. Among all the students, Lucy listens ________ to the teacher.
A. most careful B. more carefully C. most carefully D. carefully
答案:C
解析:句意:在所有学生中,露西听老师讲课最认真。among 表三者以上,用最高级,副词 carefully 的最高级为 most carefully,故选 C。
3. He speaks English ________ than his sister, but not ________.
A. better; best B. better; as well C. well; better D. best; better
答案:B
解析:句意:他英语说得比姐姐好,但不如她流利。than 前用比较级 better;not as well 为省略结构,完整形式为 not as well as his sister,故选 B。
4. The problem was ________ than we thought, so we solved it ________.
A. easier; quick B. more easy; quickly C. easier; quickly D. more easily; quick
答案:C
解析:句意:问题比我们想的简单,所以我们很快解决了。than 前用形容词比较级 easier;修饰动词 solved 用副词 quickly,故选 C。
5. Which student runs ________ in your class?
A. fastest B. faster C. fast D. more fast
答案:A
解析:句意:你们班哪个学生跑得最快?in your class 表范围,用最高级,fast 的最高级为 fastest,故选 A。
6. She writes ________ than any other student in the class.
A. more careful B. more carefully C. most careful D. most carefully
答案:B
解析:句意:她写字比班上其他任何学生都更认真。than 提示用比较级,副词 carefully 的比较级为 more carefully,故选 B。
7. He plays the piano ________ of all the contestants.
A. more beautifully B. most beautifully C. beautifully D. more beautiful
答案:B
解析:句意:他是所有参赛者中弹钢琴最动听的。of all 表范围,用最高级,副词 beautifully 的最高级为 most beautifully,故选 B。
8. The car is running ________. It seems to be flying.
A. more and faster B. more fast and fast C. faster and faster D. fast and fast
答案:C
解析:句意:汽车跑得越来越快,好像在飞。“比较级 + and + 比较级” 表逐渐变化,fast 的比较级为 faster,故选 C。
9. The ________ you work, the ________ results you will get.
A. harder; better B. hard; good C. hardest; best D. harder; best
答案:A
解析:句意:你工作越努力,得到的结果就越好。“The + 比较级…the + 比较级” 结构,hard 比较级 harder,good 比较级 better,故选 A。
10. I can’t hear you ________. Can you speak ________?
A. clear; loud B. clearly; louder C. clear; louder D. clearly; loud
答案:B
解析:句意:我听不清你说话。你能说得更大声吗?修饰动词 hear/speak 用副词 clearly/louder,louder 为比较级表 “更大声”,故选 B。
考点二:反身代词
核心知识梳理
(一)构成形式
人称
单数形式
复数形式
第一人称
myself(我自己)
ourselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yourself(你自己)
yourselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)/herself(她自己)/itself(它自己)
themselves(他们自己)
(二)核心用法
1. 主宾同指:当句子主语和宾语为同一人或物时,宾语用反身代词。
o 例:She taught herself Japanese in three months. 她三个月自学了日语。
2. 固定搭配:
o enjoy oneself(玩得开心):The children enjoyed themselves at the amusement park. 孩子们在游乐园玩得很开心
o help oneself to(随便吃 / 用):Help yourself to some cake, Mary. 玛丽,随便吃点蛋糕。
o by oneself(独自):The old man lives by himself in the countryside. 老人独自住在乡下。
3. 强调用法:用于主语或宾语后,强调 “亲自”。
o 例:The president himself attended the meeting. 总统亲自参加了会议。
即学即用
1. Boys and girls, help ________ to some fruit. It’s fresh.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. himself D. themselves
答案:B
解析:句意:孩子们,随便吃点水果,很新鲜。Boys and girls 为复数,固定搭配 help yourselves to “随便吃”,故选 B。
2. Lucy, did you make the model plane all by ________?
A. yourself B. herself C. myself D. itself
答案:A
解析:句意:露西,这个飞机模型全是你自己做的吗?by oneself “独自”,主语 Lucy 为第二人称单数,用 yourself,故选 A。
3. We must learn to look after ________ when our parents are away.
A. myself B. ourselves C. yourself D. yourselves
答案:B
解析:句意:父母不在时,我们必须学会照顾自己。主语 we 对应的反身代词为 ourselves,故选 B。
4. The little cat hurt ________ when it fell off the tree.
A. itself B. himself C. herself D. themselves
答案:A
解析:句意:小猫从树上摔下来时伤到了自己。主语 The little cat 为第三人称单数,用 itself,故选 A。
5. Jim, don’t be shy. You should believe in ________.
A. myself B. herself C. himself D. yourself
答案:D
解析:句意:吉姆,别害羞,你应该相信自己。主语 you 对应的反身代词为 yourself,故选 D。
6. They finished the project by ________ without any help.
A. myself B. yourself C. themselves D. itself
答案:C
解析:句意:他们在没有任何帮助的情况下独自完成了项目。主语 they 对应的反身代词为 themselves,故选 C
7. The old man lives alone, but he never feels lonely because he can talk to ________.
A. himself B. itself C. yourself D. myself
答案:A
解析:句意:老人独自生活,但从不感到孤独,因为他可以和自己说话。主语 he 对应的反身代词为 himself,故选 A。
8. We enjoyed ________ at the beach last weekend. The sunshine and sea were wonderful.
A. myself B. ourselves C. yourselves D. themselves
答案:B
解析:句意:上周末我们在海滩玩得很开心。阳光和大海都很美。主语 we 对应的反身代词为 ourselves,enjoy ourselves “玩得开心”,故选 B。
9. Help ________ to some fish, Linda. It’s your favorite.
A. herself B. yourself C. myself D. themselves
答案:B
解析:句意:琳达,随便吃点鱼,这是你最喜欢的。对 Linda 说话用第二人称单数,help yourself to “随便吃”,故选 B。
10. The story ________ is interesting, but I don’t like the ending.
A. itself B. himself C. herself D. themselves
答案:A
解析:句意:故事本身很有趣,但我不喜欢结局。主语 The story 为物,第三人称单数,用 itself 表强调,故选 A。
难点一:副词比较级与形容词比较级的结构混淆
难点表现
学生易混淆副词比较级与形容词比较级的修饰对象,如将 “He runs more fast” 误写为 “more fast”(正确为 faster),或用形容词修饰动词(如 “run quick”)。
突破要点
1. 词性区分原则
o 副词修饰动词,形容词修饰名词:
o 例:He speaks loudly(副词修饰动词);a loud voice(形容词修饰名词)。
2. 比较级构成差异
o 单音节副词直接加 - er:fast→faster(√),不可加 more(×more fast);
o 多音节副词必须加 more:carefully→more carefully(√),不可加 - er(×carefullier)。
3. 错例对比训练
o 错误:She writes more careful than me.(×,形容词 careful 不能修饰动词 write)
o 正确:She writes more carefully than me.(√,副词 carefully 的比较级)
难点二:反身代词与宾格代词的误用
难点表现
混淆反身代词(如 myself)与宾格代词(如 me)的用法,如将 “I teach me English” 误写为宾格代词。
突破要点
1. 主宾同指判断
o 当主语和宾语为同一人 / 物时用反身代词,否则用宾格:
o 例:He bought a gift for himself(√,给自己买礼物);
o 例:He bought a gift for me(√,给我买礼物,主宾不同人)。
2. 固定搭配强化
o 必须用反身代词的短语:
o enjoy oneself(×enjoy me),help oneself to(×help me to)。
o 例:They enjoyed themselves at the party(√)。
3. 反身代词省略场景
o 少数动词(如 dress, behave)后必须接反身代词:
o 例:The child can dress himself now(√,不能省略 himself)。
三、难点三:副词最高级前 the 的取舍规则
难点表现
不确定副词最高级前是否加 the,如将 “She sings (the) most beautifully” 中的 the 随意省略或添加。
突破要点
1. 语法规则梳理
o 形容词最高级前必须加 the,副词最高级前 the 可省略:
o 例:She is the tallest girl in class(√,形容词);
o 例:She sings (the) most beautifully(√,副词 the 可省)。
2. 语境判断技巧
o 强调 “最” 的概念时可加 the,口语中常省略:
o 例:Of all singers, she sings the most beautifully(正式表达);
o 例:She sings most beautifully among us(口语化表达)。
3. 易混结构对比
o 错误:He runs the faster of the two(×,两者比较用比较级,不加 the);
o 正确:He runs faster of the two(√,比较级前无 the)。
中考真题速递
1.Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.
A.much faster than B.as fast as C.more slowly than D.as slowly as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:今天,人工智能技术的发展速度比我们想象的要快得多。没有人知道明天会发生什么。
考查比较级。much faster than比……快得多;as fast as和……一样快;more slowly than比……慢得多;as slowly as和……一样慢。根据“Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.”可知,没有人知道明天会发生什么,说明现在人工智能的发展速度非常快,比我们想象的要快得多。故选A。
2.—Which kind of movies do you prefer, action movies or comedies?
—I like action movies ________.
A.well B.better C.the better D.the best
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢看哪种电影,动作片还是喜剧片?——我更喜欢动作电影。
考查比较级。根据“action movies or comedies”可知,两者比较应用比较级better,且比较级之前不用加the,故选B。
3.—Who got the first prize in this competition?
—Of course Tom did. He worked ________ among us.
A.hard B.harder C.hardest
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谁在这次比赛中得了第一名?——当然是汤姆。他在我们当中最努力。
考查最高级。among表示“在……之中”(三者以上),此空应填最高级,故选C。
4.Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________.
A.they B.their C.them D.themselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:自动驾驶汽车足够聪明,可以遵守交通规则并自行停车。
考查代词辨析。they它们;their它们的;them它们;themselves它们自己。此处指“自动驾驶汽车可以自己停车”,应用反身代词themselves。故选D。
5.Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.
A.herself B.hers C.she D.her
【答案】A
【详解】句意:小玛丽为自己感到骄傲,因为她教李叔叔如何在网上借书。
考查代词辨析。herself她自己;hers她的;she她;her她/她的。根据“Little Mary was proud of …because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.”可知,此处指为她自己感到骄傲,故选A。
6.When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________.
A.my; myself B.my; mine C.me; myself D.me; mine
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我父母出差时,我自己照顾自己。
考查代词辨析。my我的,形容词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;me我,宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents,用形容词性物主代词;第二处主语和宾语是同一人,所以是“照顾自己”,用反身代词。故选A。
7.—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success.
—OK, I will.
A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——玛丽亚,你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的,我会的。
考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;herself她自己;himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说,你应该相信你自己,故用反身代词yourself。故选B。
8.—Judy practices her oral English hard every day.
—So she does. She pronounces words ________ than before.
A.clearly B.more clearly C.most clearly
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——朱迪每天努力练习英语口语。——是的。她说话比以前更清楚了。
考查副词比较级。根据“than before”可知,此处应使用副词比较级,故选B。
9.I prefer riding a bike to driving a car to work because it is ________ environmentally friendly.
A.much B.more C.most
【答案】B
【详解】句意:比起开车上班,我更喜欢骑自行车,因为它更环保。
考查副词辨析及副词的比较级。much非常;more更;most最。根据“I prefer riding a bike to driving a car to work”可知,此处是“开车上班”和“骑自行车上班”两者之间的比较,骑自行车上班更加环保,应用比较级more environmentally friendly。故选B。
10.—Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A.beautifully B.more beautifully C.most beautifully
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们班在学校歌唱比赛中表现很棒。——是的,在所有人中,你唱得最出色。
考查最高级。动词“sang”用副词修饰,根据“of all”,可知是最高级,表达“所有人中最出色”,用副词最高级“most beautifully”。故选C。
各地名校真题
1. Adam runs ________ in our class, so we all think he can take part in the sports meeting.
A.faster B.fastest C.earlier D.earliest
【答案】B
【详解】句意:亚当在我们班跑得最快,所以我们都认为他可以参加运动会。
考查副词最高级。faster更快;fastest最快的;earlier更早的;earliest最早的。根据表示范围的“in our class”可知,此处应用最高级。结合“so we all think he can take part in the sports meeting”可知,Adam是跑得最快的,副词的最高级前可省略定冠词the。故选B。
2. Please keep as ______ as possible while watching birds, as noise will make them afraid and fly away.
A.quiet B.quieter C.quietly D.most quietly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在观看鸟儿时,请尽量保持安静,因为噪音会使它们感到害怕而飞走。
考查形容词原级。quiet安静的,形容词;quieter更安静的,形容词的比较级;quietly安静地,副词;most quietly更安静地,副词的最高级。根据“as noise will make them afraid and fly away”可知此处是说要尽量保持安静,as+形容词/副词原级+as possible表示“尽可能……”,空前有系动词keep“保持”,其后接形容词作表语,空处应填形容词quiet“安静的”。故选A。
3. Nothing can stop us if we believe in ______ and work hard together.
A.yourself B.yourselves C.myself D.ourselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:如果我们相信自己,一起努力工作,没有什么能阻止我们。
考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己;myself我自己;ourselves我们自己。根据前面的“we”可知,此处表示的是“我们自己”。故选D。
4.Generally speaking, the more you pay, _______ you will get better service.
A.the more easily B.the easier C.the harder D.the more hardly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:一般来说,你付的钱越多,你就会越容易得到更好的服务。
考查副词比较级。根据“the more you pay”可知此处是“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”的结构,表示“越……,越……”。这里需要用副词的比较级来修饰动词get,此处表达的是付的钱越多,越容易得到更好的服务,easily的比较级是more easily,故选A。
5. On Friday afternoon, our school finishes much ________ than usual. So all the students are excited on that day.
A.early B.late C.earlier D.later
【答案】C
【详解】句意:星期五下午,我们学校比平时早放学。所以那天所有的学生都很兴奋。
考查副词比较级。early早的;late迟的;earlier更早地;later较晚地。根据“So all the students are excited on that day.”可知,此处指放学很早,根据than可知,用early的比较级earlier“更早地”。故选C。
6. The coach gave Lily _________ useful advice that she _______ to improve herself in a short time.
A.such a ; tried B.such; tries C.so; managed D.such; managed
【答案】D
【详解】句意:教练给了莉莉如此有用的建议,以至于她在短时间内成功地提升了自己。
考查结果状语从句和动词辨析。such a如此一个,后接可数名词单数;such如此,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词;so如此,后接形容词;tried努力;managed设法做到。advice是不可数名词,不能用a修饰,第一个空用such,such…that…“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。排除A、C项;根据“improve herself in a short time”可知,由于建议,所以Lily成功提升了自己。manage to do sth“设法做到某事,成功做某事”。故选D。
7. Judy enjoys running. She even runs ________ than the boys in her class.
A.faster B.fast C.fastest D.the fastest
【答案】A
【详解】句意:朱迪喜欢跑步。她甚至比班上的男孩跑得更快。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知此处用副词的比较级faster“更快”。故选A。
8. Who jumped ________, Mike, Tom or Jack?
A.far B.the farthest C.farther D.the farther
【答案】B
【详解】句意:迈克、汤姆和杰克,谁跳得最远?
考查副词比较级。far远,比较级是farther/further,最高级是farthest/furthest。根据横线后“Mike, Tom or Jack”可知,此处是三者之间进行比较,应该用最高级,表达迈克、汤姆和杰克,谁跳得最远,副词最高级前可加the。故选B。
9. All the students enjoyed ________ in the World Park and took a lot of photos.
A.himself B.herself C.ourselves D.themselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:所有的学生都在世界公园玩得很开心,拍了很多照片。
考查反身代词。himself他自己;herself她自己;ourselves我们自己;themselves他们自己。根据“All the students”可知,此处应填反身代词themselves。故选D。
10. —Alice ________ dance ________ Janice now.
—Yes. Janice practises ________ of all the girls.
A.isn’t; as good as; harder B.doesn’t; as good as; harder
C.isn’t; as well as; hardest D.doesn’t; as well as; hardest
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——爱丽丝现在舞跳得不如珍妮丝好。——是的。珍妮丝是所有女孩中练得最刻苦的。
考查副词比较等级和词汇辨析。good好的;well好,副词。第一句中dance是动词,主语是Alice,所以助动词用doesn’t,修饰动词需用副词well,所以排除A、B、C;根据“practises”和“of all the girls”可知,第三空处用副词最高级。故选D。
11. The ________ you drive, the ________ traffic accidents will happen.
A.more careful; fewer B.more carefully; fewer C.more carefully; less D.more careful; less
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你开车越小心,发生的交通事故就会越少。
考查比较级和形容词辨析。根据“The...you drive, the...traffic accidents will happen.”可知,此处为“the+比较级,the+比较级”句型,表示“越……,就越……”。 careful 是形容词,意为“仔细的,认真的”;carefully是副词,意为“仔细地,认真地”。 第一个空修饰动词drive,用副词,故第一个空用more carefully;fewer意为“更少的”,修饰可数名词复数;less 意为“更少的”,修饰不可数名词。accidents是可数名词复数,因此用fewer修饰。故选B。
12. My best friend Jim always helps me. As a famous writer once said, “A friend is a gift that you give ________.”
A.you B.yourself C.your D.yours
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我最好的朋友吉姆总是帮助我。正如一位著名作家曾经说过的,“朋友是你给自己的礼物。”
考查代词辨析。you你,人称代词;yourself你自己,反身代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。分析“A friend is a gift that you give...”可知,空处应选反身代词yourself指代从句主语you本身。故选B。
13.— Who runs ________ among them?
— Liu Tao does. He’s my hero.
A.faster B.fastest C.more slowly D.most slowly
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——他们当中谁跑得最快?——刘涛。他是我的英雄。
考查副词的最高级。faster更快地;fastest最快地;more slowly较慢地;most slowly最慢地。根据“among them”可知,表示三者或以上的比较,应用最高级;根据“He’s my hero.”可知,设空处应表示“最快地”。故选B。
14. Which of the following words can we add the suffix “-ist” to to form a noun?
A.dance B.win C.piano D.visit
【答案】C
【详解】句意:下列哪一个单词我们可以加后缀“-ist”变为名词?
考查单词派生。dance跳舞,后面加r构成名词dancer“舞者”;win赢,获胜,后面加ner构成名词winner“获胜者,赢家”;piano“钢琴”,去o加ist构成名词pianist“钢琴家”;visit参观,拜访,后面加or构成名词visitor“参观者”。故选C。
15.Zhang Guimei always puts students before ________ during her daily life.
A.her B.herself C.them D.themselves
【答案】B
【详解】句意:张桂梅在日常生活中总是把学生放在自己前面。
考查代词辨析。her她,宾格代词或形容词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词;them他们,宾格代词;themselves他们自己。根据“Zhang Guimei always puts students before”可知,此处是指张桂梅把学生放在自己前面,用反身代词herself,指代张桂梅自己。故选B。
16. The saying “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.” tells us ________.
A.how often should we help others B.how we should help others
C.when we should help others D.whom we should help
【答案】B
【详解】句意:谚语“给一个人一条鱼,你喂他一天。教一个人钓鱼,可以喂他一辈子。”告诉我们应该如何帮助别人。
考查宾语从句。根据“Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.”可知,谚语通过对比“给鱼”和“教捕鱼”两种帮助方式,来强调我们应该怎样帮助他人,用how引导宾语从句,且宾语从句中要用陈述语序。故选B。
17. Walt Disney made 87 cartoons ________. He became rich and ________.
A.successful; successful B.successfully; successfully C.successful; successfully D.successfully; successful
【答案】D
【详解】句意:华特·迪士尼成功地制作了87部动画片。他变得富有而成功。
考查形容词和副词的用法。successful成功的,形容词;successfully成功地,副词。空一处修饰动词made,用副词形式;根据“became”可知,空二处用形容词作表语。故选D。
18. —Could you please tell me something about his performance at yesterday’s _________ show?
—Excellent! He really has a great ________ for performance.
A.talented; talent B.gift; gift C.talented; gift D.talent; gift
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我他在昨天的才艺表演上的表现吗?——很优秀!他在表演方面真的很有天赋。
考查名词用法。talented有天分的,形容词;talent天赋,名词;gift天分,名词。第一空指talent show“才艺表演”,应用名词talent作定语修饰show;第二空指他很有天分,应用名词gift作宾语。故选D。
19.Which sport do you like ________, basketball or table tennis?
A.well B.better C.best
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你更喜欢哪项运动,篮球还是乒乓球?
考查副词的比较级。well好地;better更好地;best最好地。根据“basketball or table tennis?”可知,此处需用比较级。故选B。
20. What a pity! Wu Dong ran ________ than Liu Qiang.
A.slowest B.slowly C.more slowly
【答案】C
【详解】句意:太遗憾了!吴东跑得比刘强慢。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知,此处应用比较级,结合选项,故选C。
21. Jerry and his brother taught ________ to skate last year.
A.themselves B.ourselves C.yourselves
【答案】A
【详解】杰里和他的兄弟去年自学了滑冰。
考查反身代词。固定搭配teach oneself自学,Jerry and his brother对应的反身代词是themselves,表示“他们自己”,故选A。
22. A mobile phone with 5G can send videos a lot ________ than the one with 4G these days.
A.fast B.faster C.the fastest
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如今,5G手机发送视频的速度比4G手机快得多。
考查副词比较级。根据题目中的“than”可知,用比较级,副词fast的比较级是faster。故选B。
23. Jim runs fast, but Frank runs ________ than him.
A.fast B.faster C.the fast D.fastest
【答案】B
【详解】句意:吉姆跑得快,但弗兰克跑得比他快。
考查比较级。根据“than him”可知,用比较级faster。故选B。
24. —Mark won the basketball game again.
—Yes. I think no one can do ________ than him.
A.well B.good C.better D.best
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——马克又赢了篮球赛。——是的。我认为没有人能比他做得更好。
考查比较级。well好,原级;good好的,原级;better更好的,更好地,比较级;best最好,最高级。根据空后的“than”可知,空处应用比较级形式,故选C。
25. Liu Cheng ran ________ of all the students at the sports meet.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在运动会上,刘成是所有学生中跑得最快的。
考查最高级。fast快速地,副词原级;faster更快地,副词比较级;fastest最快地,副词最高级。根据“of all the students”可知,三者以上的比较要用最高级,故选C。
26. Sam did ________ in his studies this year than last year.
A.well B.very well C.better D.best
【答案】C
【详解】句意:山姆今年在他的学习中做得比去年更好。
考查副词的比较级。根据“this year than last year”可知,此处是把今年的情况和去年的情况做比较,需用比较级,所以,better符合题意。故选C。
27. I would rather ________ than drive my car to school every morning.
A.walk B.walking C.to walk D.walked
【答案】A
【详解】句意:每天早上我宁愿走路上学也不愿开车上学。
考查动词短语。would rather do sth. than do sth.“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”,固定搭配,此处应填动词原形walk,故选A。
28. He runs ________ than Tom.
A.much more quick B.much quickly C.much more faster D.much faster
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他比汤姆跑得快得多。
考查副词比较级。空处修饰“runs”要用副词,结合“than”可知要用比较级形式。quick是形容词,排除A;quickly的比较级形式是more quickly,排除B;fast的比较级形式是faster,排除C。故选D。
29. —Who’s the fastest runner in your class?
—Jack is. He runs ________ than any other student in my class.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你们班谁跑得最快?——杰克。他跑得比我们班其他任何一个学生都快。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知此处用副词的比较级。故选B。
30. My brother used to go to school ________ than other students.
A.much early B.much earlier C.more earlier D.more early
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的哥哥过去常常比其他学生更早上学。
考查比较级以及比较级的修饰词。early早;earlier早些时候,早期的,early的比较级;much earlier早得多。空后单词“than比”是使用比较级的标志词,much修饰earlier,强调程度高。故选B。
31. —Which season do you like ________?
—Winter.
A.the best B.better C.well D.good
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你最喜欢哪个季节?——冬季。
考查副词最高级。根据“Which season do you like...?”可知是在四个季节中最喜欢哪个季节,用最高级,最高级前加定冠词the。故选A。
32. Jim runs the ________ of the three.
A.quickest B.more quickly C.quicker D.most quickly
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Jim在三人中跑得最快。
考查副词的最高级。quickest是形容词的最高级,more quickly是副词的比较级,quicker是形容词的比较级,most quickly是副词的最高级。根据“of the three”可知,三者之间进行比较,需最高级,runs为动词,需副词修饰,故需用副词的最高级,故选D。
33. We are glad to see the company developing ________ these years than before.
A.very quickly B.less quickly C.more quicker D.more quickly
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们很高兴看到公司这些年比以前发展得更快了。
考查副词比较级。C结构错误,排除C;根据“than before”可知,应使用比较级,排除A;结合“We are glad to see the company developing...these years”可知,公司发展得更快。故选D。
34. When being in an emergency, Tom found a way to calm ________ down.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
【答案】D
【详解】句意:当处于紧急情况时,汤姆找到了让他自己冷静下来的方法。
考查反身代词。he他,主格;him他,宾格;his他的,形容词性或名词性物主代词;himself他自己,反身代词。calm oneself down是固定用法,意为“使自己冷静下来”。故选D。
35.—No one taught ________ English. He learned it ________.
—He is so clever.
A.his; by himself B.his; for himself C.him; by himself D.him; on himself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——没有人教过他英语。他自学的。——他太聪明了。
考查代词辨析。his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;him他,宾格。teach sb sth“教某人……”,动词teach后接代词宾格;learn sth by oneself“某人自学……”。故选C。
36. Kids, we’re going to make some paper roses. Be careful not to hurt _________ when using scissors.
A.himself B.themselves C.yourself D.yourselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:孩子们,我们要做一些纸玫瑰。使用剪刀时要小心,不要弄伤自己。
考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己;themselves他们自己;yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己。根据“Be careful not to hurt ... when using scissors.”和“Kids”可知,此处是对孩子们说的话,应用yourselves。故选D。
37. Ken is going to buy ________ a mountain bike. It’s his favorite.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Ken将要去给自己买一辆山地自行车,这是他的最爱。
考查代词辨析。he他,主格;him他,宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;himself他自己。此处主语和宾语是同一人,应用反身代词himself,故选D。
38. These questions are very easy and Danny can work them out in a short time by ________.
A.itself B.himself C.herself D.themselves
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这些问题非常简单,Danny自己能够在短时间内解决它们。
考查代词辨析。itself它自己;himself他自己;herself她自己;themselves他们自己。根据“Danny”可知,此处是指Danny自己,为男性,用反身代词himself。故选B。
39. Tim and I won’t be able to do the whole job ________, so we need your help.
A.by himself B.for myself C.by ourselves D.for themselves
【答案】C
【详解】句意:靠Tim和我无法独自完成整个工作,所以我们需要你们的帮助。
考查反身代词。by himself靠他自己;for myself为我自己;by ourselves靠我们自己;for themselves为我们自己。根据“so we need your help.”可知靠我和Tim两个人无法完成全部工作,by ourselves意为“靠我们自己”,符合句意。故选C。
40. — Dinner will be ready in about half an hour. Help ________ to some snacks, my friends.
— Thanks, we will. Everything looks delicious.
A.yourselves B.themselves C.yourself D.ourselves
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——大约半小时后晚饭就好了。朋友们,请随便吃点零食。——谢谢,我们会的。一切看起来都很美味。
考查反身代词。yourselves你们自己;themselves他们自己;yourself你自己;ourselves我们自己。help oneself“自取”,根据“my friends”可知,此处表示“你们随意”。故选A。
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2025新译林八上 U3 To be a good learner 讲义精编
目录
Part1 词汇变形+短语背诵 2
Part2 单元知识点考点汇总 4
考点一 :feed 4
考点二 :single 4
考点三 :against 5
考点四 :fall 相关短语 5
考点五 :success 6
考点六 :drive 7
考点七 :found 7
考点八:talent 8
考点九 :set 8
考点十 :return + re 前缀扩展 9
考点十一 :order 11
考点十二 :in order... 11
考点十三 :curious 12
考点十四:predict +pre前缀扩展 13
考点十五 :surprise 13
考点十六 :badly 14
考点十七 :record 15
考点十八:possible 15
考点十九 :rather than 16
考点二十 :speech 16
Part3 副词的比较级和最高级&反身代词 18
考点一:副词的比较级和最高级 18
考点二:反身代词 19
难点一:副词比较级与形容词比较级的结构混淆 20
难点二:反身代词与宾格代词的误用 20
三、难点三:副词最高级前 the 的取舍规则 21
中考真题速递 21
各地名校真题 22
Part1 词汇变形+短语背诵
1. feed (vt.喂养)→________________(v.过去式/过去分词)
2. lifetime (n.一生)→________________(n.生命)→lifelong (adj.终身的)
3. success (n.成功)→________________(adj.成功的)→________________(adv.成功地)
4. drive (n.冲劲v.驾/驱动)→________________ (v.过去式)→________________ (v.过去分词)
5. invent (v.发明)→________________ (n.发明家)→________________(n.发明)
6. talent (n.天资)→________________ (adj.有才能的)
7. century (n.世纪)→________________ (n.复数形式)
8. print (v.印刷/n.印刷行业)→________________ (n.印刷工;打印机)
9. in order to (为了)→________________(为了,同义短语)
10. curious (adj.好奇的)→________________ (n.好奇心)→________________(adv.好奇地)
11. predict (vt.预测)→________________ (n.预测)→________________ (adj.可预测的)
12. count (v.计数)→________________ (adj.数不尽的)→________________(adj.可数的)
13. great (adj.伟大的)→________________ (n.伟大)
14. Italy (n.意大利,国家名称)→________________(adj.意大利的)
15. translate (vt.翻译)→________________ (n.翻译)
16. bad (adj.坏的,糟糕的)→badly (adv.严重地)→_______________ (adj.更坏的)→________________ (adj.最坏的)
17. possible (adj.可能的)→________________ (adv.可能地)→________________ (n.可能性)
18. pronounce (v.发音)→________________n (n.发音)
19. speech (n.演讲)→________________ (n.复数形式)→________________ (adj.说不出话的)
20. repeat (v.重复)→________________ (n.重复)
21. tourist (n.游客)→________________(n.旅行)
序号
英文短语
中文翻译
序号
英文短语
中文翻译
1
give suggestions on
对……给出建议
21
teach oneself
自学
2
have strong drive to learn
有强烈的学习动力
22
let sb.use sth.for free
让某人免费使用某物
3
be willing to do sth.
愿意做某事
23
be well-known for
因……闻名
4
on the right path
在正确的道路上
24
run into
遇到
5
manage our time well
管理好我们的时间
25
have a talent for
有……的天赋
6
from a young age
从年轻时起
26
meet with great success
获得巨大成功
7
set sb.apart from
使某人与…区分开来
27
set a good example for
为……树立好榜样
8
have two years of education
接受两年的教育
28
translate …into
把……翻译成
9
borrow sth.from
从……借某物
29
in one hour
在一小时内
10
stay up very late
熬夜到很晚
30
worked as
担任,作为……工作
11
in order to
为了
31
play an important role in
在……中起重要作用
12
be curious about
对……好奇
32
change…into…
把……变成……
13
become/be interested in
对……感兴趣
33
as ..as possible
尽可能
14
what’s more
此外
34
write down
写下
15
a great love for science
对科学的热爱
35
focus on
专注于
16
come as no surprise
不足为奇;并不奇怪
36
practice makes perfect
熟能生巧
17
in his late 70s
在他七十多岁时
37
give tips on
给出关于…的建议
18
make money from
从……赚钱
38
sb.spend time/money (in)doing sth.
某人花费时间/金钱做某事
19
his greatness goes further than that
他的伟大不止于此
39
to one’s surprise
令某人惊讶的是
20
a lifelong learner
终身学习者
40
in one’s free time
在某人空闲时间
Part2 单元知识点考点汇总
考点一 :feed
①【及物动词】喂养 ;养活≈support;(给植物)施肥;(给人)灌输;提供信息
feed + 人/动物 + 食物=feed+食物 + to+人/动物
a news feed(新闻推送)/ a data feed(数据输入)
②【不及物动词】吃东西;进食
动词过去式/过去分词:fed(不规则变化)
③【名词】一餐 ;一顿;动物的饲料/牧草;植物的肥料;(信息)馈送
feed back 反馈;反过来对...起作用( feedback不可数名词更常用)
feed on 以……为食;依赖……生存
be fed up with=be bored with 对...感到厌烦
派生词:
feeding 【名词】“喂养;饲养” ; 【形容词】“给食的”
feeder 【名词】“喂食器;饲养员;进食的人或动物”
1.授人以鱼不如授人以渔。(P35)
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 蝙蝠在夜间飞行,以昆虫为食。______________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 她每天给猫喂鱼。(2种)She feeds her cat fish every day./ _____________________________________________
4. Cows ________________grass.(牛以草为食。)
5. Buy some chicken ________________your way ________________.(回家路上买些鸡饲料。)
6. I have a large family ________________.(我要养活一大家子人)
7. Solar panels ________________into the grid.(太阳能板向电网供电。)
8. Please ________________your suggestions to us.(请把建议反馈给我们。)
9. The sheep________________quietly in the fields.(羊群在田野里静静地吃草。)
10. I’m ________________the wet weather.=I’m ________________the wet weather. =I ________________the wet weather.=I ________________the wet weather.我讨厌这种潮湿的天气。
11. The volunteers________________(喂) the stray dogs every weekend and gave them warm shelters during the winter.
考点二 :single
【形容词】①单个的 ;单一的 ;单程的(只放在名词前) ②婚姻状态 :未婚的 ;单身的
【名词】①单数②单曲③单人房④一元纸币⑤单身者⑥(网球)单打比赛(复数singles)
【动词】挑出 ;选出 single out≈pick out the best candidate 挑出最佳候选人
a single room 单人间 a single bed 单人床
a single (ticket) 单程票 a return (ticket) 往返票
release a single 发行单曲 a club for singles 单身人士俱乐部
派生词:single-minded一心一意的 single-handed独自完成的;单枪匹马的
1. 千里之行始于足下。(P35)
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 一张往返票比两张单程票便宜。______________________________________________________________________________________________
我们天天吃米饭。_________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________
4. 你单身吗?他们将为单身者组织一场聚会。________________
5. He________________her a________________red rose.(他送给她一枝红玫瑰。)
6. I couldn’t________________she said.他讲的东西我一个字听不懂。
7. Zheng Qinwen was the________________champion.郑钦文是女子单打比赛冠军。
8. Even a________________(单个的) small act of kindness can brighten someone's day and spread positiv
9. The pads, a kind of electronic equipment that we can use to read, are smaller and light than a book.
A. simple B. single C. thick D. strong
考点三 :against
【介词】
①反对 fight against terrorism反对恐怖主义 注:【介词】支持 for
②违背 against the law违法 against one ’s will违背某人意愿
③逆行 swim against the tide逆流游泳 row against the current划船逆流而上 ④碰撞/倚靠 hit against撞上lean against the wall靠在墙上
⑤预防/抵御 protect against保护 … 免受guard against( 防范)
⑥对比/衬托
⑦对...不利 His age is against her.他的年龄对他不利
1.学习如逆水行舟,不进则退。(P35)
___________________________________________________________________
2. They________________the best team.(他们和最强的队伍比赛。)
3. Vaccines________________diseases.(疫苗预防疾病。)
4. Red looks bright________________green.(红色在绿色衬托下显得鲜艳。)
5. Many students voted________________(反对) cancelling(取消) the school picnic even the weather wasn't good.
6.— Many people are________building a light rail station here.
—I have heard of that. They are worried about the noise pollution.
A. for B. with C. against D. from
考点四 :fall 相关短语
fall behind (sb./sth.)落后(于某人/某事)过去式:_________ 过去分词:___________ ①接具体事物/人, 表示在某方面落后于他人或进度。
例:I fell behind the others in the race.(我在比赛中落后于其他人。)
例:Don’t fall behind your study schedule.(别落后于学习计划。)
②单独使用(不接宾语)表示“落后” 的状态。
例:If you don’t work hard, you’ll fall behind.(如果你不努力,就会落后。)
fall asleep入睡 fall ill/sick生病
fall in love (with sb.)爱上(某人) fall into落入;陷入(困境等)
fall to pieces破碎;崩溃 fall into great difficulty陷入极大困难
fall apart土崩瓦解;破裂 fall back后退;撤退
fall over+n.被……绊倒
fall down from...从……摔下/倒塌侧重“从高处落下” ,接地点时“from”
fall off+n.从……上掉下“从物体的表面脱落或摔下”物体本身是支撑点
1.学习如逆水行舟,不进则退。(P35)
___________________________________________________________________
2. The cat________________the river.(猫掉进了河里。)
3. Don’t________________in your studies.(学习别落后。)
4. He________________and missed the exam.(他生病了,错过了考试。)
5. The dog ran too fast and________________the mat.(狗跑得太快,被垫子绊倒了。)
考点五 :success
【不可数名词】抽象“成功”
例:Confidence is the key to success.(信心是成功的关键。)
【可数名词】具体“成功的人或事” 例:The party was a big success. 常见短语:
achieve success(取得成功)have success in doing sth.(在某事上成功) make a success of sth.(把某事做成)
”successful【形容词】“成功的” be successful in/at sth.(在 …… 中成功)
”succeed【不及物动词】无被动语态
succeed in doing sth.(成功做某事)succeed as...(作为 ……成功)
1.对于成功学习,你认为什么最重要?(P35)
2.他的伟大远不止那个。作为一个终身学习者,他把学习看成一个令人兴奋并且无止境 的旅程,充满了好奇和成功,这是他给与世界的最大的礼物。(P37)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. He________________passing the exam.(他成功通过了考试。)
4. She________________a singer.(她作为歌手很成功。)
5. The new movie was a great________________. Many people liked it.(成功)
6. He is________________in business. He has a lot of money.(成功)
7. Finally, he________________in getting the job after many interviews.(成功)
8. With advanced technology and precise(精确的) calculations, the team_________in ensuring the smooth flight of Shenzhou-20, and it was a really_________space mission.
A.success;succeed B.succeeded;successful C.successful;succeed D.succeeded;success
考点六 :drive
【动词】 过去式:_________ 过去分词:___________
①驾驶(汽车等) I drive (a car) to work every day.(我每天开车去上班。)
②用车送(人) Could you drive me to the station?(你能开车送我去车站吗?)
③驱动;推动 Water power drives the machine.(水力驱动这台机器。)
④驱赶(猎物) The shepherd drove the sheep into the pen.(牧羊人把羊群赶进羊圈。)
⑤迫使; 驱使 drive sb crazy/mad ( 把人逼疯) drive sb to do sth (迫使某人做) 3
【名词】
①驱车旅行;兜风;车程 go for a drive( 去兜风 ) a three-hour drive( 3小时车程
②私人车道 There is a big tree at the end of the drive.( 车道尽头有棵大树。)
③冲动;欲望 He has a strong drive to succeed.(他有强烈的成功欲望。)
④干劲; 魄力 ;积极性 The young man is full of drive.(这个年轻人充满干劲。)
⑤(用于路名)路,大道
穆赫兰道Mulholland Drive象征洛杉矶的“ 梦想之路 ”,融合自然景观与都市传奇。
drive 原指“驾车行驶 ”,后延伸为“适合驾车的景观道路 ”,强调驾驶体验与风景结合。
1.对我来说,一件事是有很强的学习动机,如果你有意愿学习,你就会更加努力。(P35)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 噪音使我发疯。___________________________________________________________________
3. 我们去乡下兜风了。___________________________________________________________________
5. My father is a bus________________.(drive) He always________________(drive) carefully.
6. The heavy snowstorm________________(drive) us to stay at home for the whole day.
7. It’s dangerous________________(drive) after drinking wine.
8. Can you imagine________________(drive) a spaceship in the future?
考点七 :found
【及物动词(原形) 】过去式/过去分词 founded
“建立 、创办 、创建”具体的组织 、机构 、国家 、理论体系等。
①被动语态 :主语 +be founded+ 时间/地点/by sb.(常用于描述创建的时间 、背景)
②be founded on/upon: 以……为基础 、建立在……之上
③a founding member/father创办人之一 ;元勋
【易混辨析】found(创建) vs. find(发现)
动词原型 :found 过去式/过去分词 :founded
动词原型 :find 过去式/过去分词 :found 找到 、发现 [可数名词] finding
1. 一个作家,科学家,发明家和美国奠基人之一, 本杰明富兰克林是一个有很多才能的 人,也是18世纪最著名的人之一。(P36)
2.然后他发现,暴雨是从一个地方移动到另外一个地方。(P37)
3.他的发现帮助预测了天气。(P37)
___________________________________________________________________
2. I________________a key in my pocket.(我在口袋里发现了一把钥匙。)
3. The charity________________2000.(该慈善机构成立于2000年。)
4. The university________________a group of scholars in 1850.(这所大学由一群学者于1850年创建。)
5. The organization________________the idea of helping the homeless. (该组织基于帮助无家可归者的理念而立。)
6. We________________the movie very________________.(我们觉得这部电影很有趣。)
7. A good relationship should be founded on trust.(良好的关系应建立在信任之上。)
8. We________________in the library.(我们发现他正在图书馆读书。)
9. Some professors are interested in________________(found)a research institute(研究所 ) that focuses on environmental protection.
10. The students cheered when the teacher displayed their________________(调查发现) showing 90% of classmates prefer outdoor activities.
考点八:talent
【名词】
①“ 天赋 、天资”have (a) talent for sth.(在某方面有天赋)介词for连接具体领域
②“有才能的人 ,人才 ,天才”
talent show:才艺表演 develop one ’s talent:开发某人的才能
1.本杰明富兰克林是一个有很多才能的人,也是18世纪最著名的人之一。(P36)
2. She has a natural________________music.(她天生有音乐天赋。)
3. Writing is a________________, not just a________________.(写作是一种技能,不只是天赋。)
4. The company is always looking for________________.(这家公司一直在寻找新人才。)
5. He’s a________________in painting.(他是绘画方面的真正人才。)
6. She has________________, like singing, dancing and acting.(她有很多才能)
7. I watched a________________on TV last night.(昨晚我在电视上看了一场才艺表演。)
8. Schools should help students________________.(学校应帮助学生开发才能。)
9. Many young________________(talent) joined the competition last year.
考点九 :set
回顾 :set4个意思
【名词】一套;一组;【动词】放置;设定;落山
set apart:使突出 ,与众不同 过去式/分词:set现在分词:setting
set up:建立;设立 set up a school/company
set about:开始;着手(做某事) set about doing sth
set out: ①出发;动身 ②着手(做某事) set out to do sth.
set down:①记下;写下 ②放下;搁下 set down=put down
set aside: ①留出;腾出(时间、金钱等)②把……放在一边set aside=save+put away
set off: ①动身;启程 ②点燃;使爆炸 set off for...
1.从很小开始,富兰克林对学习的热情就让他区别于许多其他人。(P36)
___________________________________________________________________
2. The school plans to________________a new laboratory.(学校计划建立一个新实验室。)
3. She________________a novel last year.(她去年着手写一部小说。)
4. We will________________Beijing tomorrow.(我们明天将动身去北京。)
5. The children________________the fireworks on New Year’s Eve.(孩子们在除夕夜燃放烟花。)
6. Please________________your name and address here.(请在这里写下你的姓名和地址。)
7. He________________the heavy box and took a rest.(他放下沉重的箱子,休息了一会儿。)
8. He________________cleaning the room as soon as he got home.(他一到家就开始打扫房间。)
9. I________________some money every month for my future study.(我每月留出一些钱用于我未来的学习。)
考点十 :return + re 前缀扩展
【动词】
①“返回某地; 回到某种状态”
return to + 地点/状态 return to normal恢复正常 return home回家
②“ 归还某物;退还” return sb sth=return sth to sb归还某人某物
③“ 回应; 回报” return his love/call回报他的爱/回他电话
【名词】
①“返回; 归来; 归还; 回复; 回礼”②“ 回报;收益”③“往返票”
in return 作为回报(后接“for sth. ”说明回报对象)
on one ’s return某人回来的时候
注意:
①return本身即为“ 归还 ,返回”故后面不能接again与back等 。
②return可用现在进行时表将来时。如 :He is returning tomorrow.他明天回来 。
③return可修饰名词 。 如: a return ticket往返票 6
1.他经常从书贩子那里借书,并且熬很晚的夜为了第二天早点还书。(P36)
___________________________________________________________________
2. 我把那本书还给他了。(2 种)___________________________________________________________________
3. 记得把钥匙还给我。________________
4. She helped me, and I________________.(她帮了我,我请她喝了咖啡作为回报。)
5.________________, he found the house empty.(他回来的时候就发现房子空了。)
6. The investment brought a________________.(这笔投资带来了高收益。)
7. His________________the trip was delayed by bad weather.(他因恶劣天气推迟了旅行归来。)
8. She waved at me, and I________________.(她向我挥手,我也回了挥手。)
9. He________________after graduation.(他毕业后回到了家乡。)
10. The temperature will________________tomorrow.(气温明天将恢复正常。)
注:前缀“re -”
前缀“re - ”:“ 回 、向后”或“再次 、重新” 的意思
return:返还/回; 回报 =re-( 回/向后)+turn(转) ,字面含义为“转回去”
reflect:反射;反映 =re-( 回)+ flect(弯曲 )“弯回去” ,引申为光/声音反射 retreat:撤退;后退 =re-( 向后)+ treat(移动)“ 向后移动” ,如军队撤退
recall:召回; 回忆 =re-( 回)+ call(呼叫 )“叫回来” ,或记忆“ 回 ”到过去 repeat:重复/说/做 =re -(再次)+peat(源自拉丁语“petere” ,意为“寻求 、做 ” )
review: 复习 、回顾 =re -(再次)+ view(看)
rebuild :重建 =re -(重新)+ build(建造)
restart:重启 =re -(重新)+ start(开始)构成
rewrite重写 reconnect重新连接 read redo 重做
replay重放;重赛 renew 更新;续订 revisit 重访 rethink 重新考虑
recycle回收利用 reuse再利用 replay重放;重赛 retell复述
注 :不是所有以 “re” 开头的单词都有前缀含义:
比如 “real”, “red”, “rent”, “rest” 等 ,它们的 “re” 是词根的一部分 ,不是前缀。
1. Teachers need________________in the classroom.(老师需要维持课堂秩序。)
2. Keep the books________________on the shelf.(把书在书架上放整齐。)
3. The company received________________for 500 laptops.(公司收到了500台笔记本电脑的订单。)
4. The waiter________________and brought drinks first.(服务员记下我们点的餐,先上了饮品。)
5. ________________these files by date to find them easily.(按日期整理这些文件以便查找。)
6. Soldiers must obey________________from their commander.(士兵必须服从指挥官的每一条命令。)
7. Arrange the words________________.(按字母顺序排列这些单词。)
8. The coach________________the players________________laps.(教练命令队员跑圈。)
9. The teacher gave three________________(order).
10. The machine is________________and ready to use.(机器运转正常,可以使用。)
11. The elevator is________________—use the stairs.(电梯故障,请走楼梯。)
12. Arrange the events________________.(按时间顺序排列事件。) (
)
) (
)
)
考点十一 :order
【动词】
①“命令 ;指示” order sb. to do sth.(命令某人做某事)
作“命令”讲 ,后接that从句时 ,需用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”
②“订购;预订” order sth. from + 地点/人(从某处订购某物)
③“点餐” Shall we order now?”(我们现在点餐吗? )
④ “整理;排列” order sth. by/according to...(按 ……整理) 【名词】
①“命令 ;指示”give an order(下命令);follow/carry out an order(执行命令)
②“订购;订单”a large order(大额订单)
③“点餐 ;点单”May I take our order?您现在点餐吗?
④ “顺序 ;次序”(不可数名词)
in order(有序) ;out of order(混乱);in the order of...(按 …… 的顺序)
⑤“秩序 ;规矩”(不可数名词)
keep/maintain order(维持秩序) law and order(法治秩序)
1. Teachers need________________in the classroom.(老师需要维持课堂秩序。)
2. Keep the books________________on the shelf.(把书在书架上放整齐。)
3. The company received________________for 500 laptops.(公司收到了500台笔记本电脑的订单。)
4. The waiter________________and brought drinks first.(服务员记下我们点的餐,先上了饮品。)
5. ________________these files by date to find them easily.(按日期整理这些文件以便查找。)
6. Soldiers must obey________________from their commander.(士兵必须服从指挥官的每一条命令。)
7. Arrange the words________________.(按字母顺序排列这些单词。)
8. The coach________________the players________________laps.(教练命令队员跑圈。)
9. The teacher gave three________________(order).
10. The machine is________________and ready to use.(机器运转正常,可以使用。)
11. The elevator is________________—use the stairs.(电梯故障,请走楼梯。)
12. Arrange the events________________.(按时间顺序排列事件。)
考点十二 :in order...
in order to do sth“为了” 否定形式:in order not to do sth.(为了不 … … ) in order that + 从句(表目的)“为了”
例:He called ahead in order that we might prepare.(他提前打电话以便我们准备。 )
易混辨析1 :in order(有序) ≠ in order to(为了 )
易混辨析2: “in order to do”vs. “to do”vs“so as to do”
①in order to :正式 ,可放句首或句中(例:In order to help her, I stayed late.)
②to: 口语常用 ,可放句首或句中(例:I stayed late to help her.)
③so as to :不能放句首 ,只能放句中
(例: × So as to help her, I stayed late. √ I stayed late so as to help her.)
易混辨析 :in order that vs. so that
①in order that只表示目的 ,更正式
②so that引导目的状语从句“为了 ,以便” ,也引导结果状语从句“ 因此 ,结果 ”
I study hard so that I can enter a good university.(我努力学习,为了能考上好大学。 )
The weather was terrible, so that we had to cancel the picnic.( 天气太糟,结果我们不得不 取消野餐。)
1.他经常从书贩子那里借书,并且熬很晚的夜为了第二天早点还书。(P36)
___________________________________________________________________
2. 他存钱为了买车。(3种)___________________________________________________________________
3.________________, she studied until midnight.(为了通过考试)
4. She exercised every day________________.(她每天锻炼以减肥。)
5. She arrived early________________she might get a good seat.(她早到,以便能占到好座位。)
6. He didn’t sleep well last night,________________he felt tired all day.(他昨晚没睡好,因此一整天都觉得累。)
7. She took notes________________she wouldn’t forget the details.(她做笔记以免忘记细节。)
8.________________celebrate the Spring Festival, we decorate our house with new colourful lights and________________Spring Festival couplets.
A.As a result;put up B.In order to;put in C.As a result;put in D.In order to;put up
9. Some students usually stay up late to prepare for the coming exam________________get good results in the exam.
A. so that B. such that C. in order to D. in order that
考点十三 :curious
【形容词】①“好奇的 ;求知欲强的”②“稀奇的 ;不寻常的”可作定语或表语 “be curious about sth. ”对...好奇 “be curious to do sth. ”
派生词:
curiosity【名词】①“好奇心;求知欲”②“珍品 ;奇事”
“out of curiosity”(出于好奇)
“satisfy/arouse one's curiosity”(满足/激起某人的好奇心)
curiously【副词】“好奇地”用于修饰动词 ;也可用于句首 ,意为“奇怪的是”
1. 出于对周围世界的好奇,富兰克林曾经变得对研究暴雨感兴趣。(P37)
___________________________________________________________________
2. The new student is________________about everything and always asks me different questions about our school.
3. He looked at the stranger________________.(他好奇地看着那个陌生人。)
4. This is a________________phenomenon.(这是个奇特的现象。)
5. The noise________________.(这声音听起来很奇怪。)
6. She________________the new neighbor.(她对新邻居很好奇。)
7. He is________________explore the mysterious cave.(他渴望探索那个神秘的洞穴。)
8. ________________, he opened the box.(出于好奇,他打开了盒子。)
9. This old coin is________________.(这枚古币是件珍品。)
10.________________, she didn't show up at the party.(奇怪的是,她没有在聚会上露面。)
考点十四:predict +pre前缀扩展
【动词】“预测 ;预言;预告” ,后接名词 、代词或从句。
①predict sth.(直接跟宾语)
例:The app predicts the weather accurately.(这个应用准确预报天气。)
②predict that + 从句(后接宾语从句 )
例:Experts predict that the economy will recover soon.(专家预言经济将很快复苏。)
③predict wh-从句(连接代词/副词引导的从句 )
例:Can you predict when the project will finish?(你能预测项目何时完成吗?)
派生词:
predictable【形容词】“可预测的 ;不出所料的” ,可修饰人或事物。
predictably【副词】“不出所料地;按预期地” ,修饰动词或整个句子。
prediction【名词】“预测 ;预言” ,可数或不可数 ,常与动词 make 、fulfill 等搭配
前缀拓展:
“pre- ”作为前缀 ,主要表示“在……之前”“预先”“先于”等含义
①表示“在……之前”“先于”
preschool(幼儿园):“pre- ”+“school” 即“上学前的教育阶段”
predict(预测):“dict”表示“说 ”“pre- ”+“dict”指“提前说出”
prefix(前缀):“fix”表示“ 固定”,“pre- ”+“fix” 即“放在前面固定的部分” prewar(战前的):“war”指“ 战争”,pre- ”+“war”表示“ 战争发生之前的”
prehistory(史前史):“pre- ”+“history” 即“有文字记载历史之前的时期”
②表示“预先”“提前”
prepare(准备):“pare”(准备)“pre- ”+“pare”表示“提前准备”
preview(预演/预览):“view”指“观看”,“pre- ”+“view” 即“提前观看”
prepay(预付):“pay”表示“ 支付”,“pre- ”+“pay”意为“提前支付”
考点十五 :surprise
【动词】“使惊讶;使意外” surprise sb.使某人惊讶
【可数名词】“惊喜;意外之事”具体的惊喜事件 a big surprise(一个大惊喜) 【不可数名词】“惊讶;惊奇”指情绪状态
come as no surprise to one's surprise 不足为奇
in surprise 令人惊讶惊讶的是
派生词
surprising【形容词】“令人惊讶的”修饰物或事
surprised【形容词】“感到惊讶的”修饰人 be surprised at/by sth.
surprisingly【副词】“ 出人意料地”修饰动词或句子
1. 而且,富兰克林对科学有很深的爱,所以他的无数发明不足为奇。(P37)
___________________________________________________________________
2.让我震惊的是,他们听不懂我的英语,我不得不重复很多次。(P46)
___________________________________________________________________
2. The result________________.(结果让所有人都很意外。)
3. ________________, the old man can run faster than the young.(出人意料的是,这位老人跑得比年轻人还快。)
4. ________________, he finished the task in an hour.(令我惊讶的是,他一小时就完成了任务。)
5. She looked up ________________.(她惊讶地抬头。)
6. It's________________that he passed the exam.(他通过了考试,真让人意外。)
7. I was________________his sudden visit.(我对他的突然到访感到惊讶。)
8. She was________________find him there.(她惊讶地发现他在那里。)
9. It________________(不足为奇)that he won the competition because he had prepared for it for a long time.
10. 他的音乐天赋让所有人都惊讶。________________
考点十六 :badly
【副词】 比较级______________ 最高级__________________
①“糟糕地;差地”修饰动词 做得不好: do badly in →擅长 :do well in
②“严重地;非常”侧重“迫切地”, 多与负面需求相关,very 则更中性
want/need sth badly急需某物
be badly hurt伤害严重 be badly off(不可拆分)处境艰难;贫困=poor
派生词:
bad【形容词】“坏的;糟糕的 ;有害的”be bad for对...有害 a bad habit坏习惯 badness【名词】“坏;恶劣 ;缺点”, 多为抽象概念
1. The weather is___________________________________________________________.(天气太糟,没法出门。)
2. His_________________________________________________________overnight.(他的状况一夜之间恶化了。)
3. He____________________________________________________________.(他钢琴弹得很差。)
4. The project was_________________________________________________________.(这个项目管理得很糟糕。)
5. She________________________________________________________to pass the exam.(她非常想通过考试。)
6. The injured man was__________________________________________________________.(伤者伤得很重。)
7. The family was_____________________________________________when he was a child.(他小时候家里很穷。)
8. He couldn't deny the________________of his behavior.(他无法否认自己行为的恶劣。)
9. He played the game so________________(bad) that everyone was disappointed.
10. Today James played even________________(badly) than the day before yesterday.
考点十七 :record
①“记录;记载”②“录制(声音/影像) ”③“创下(纪录) ”后接数据或成绩 【名词】(重音在第一个音节 /'rekɔ:d/)
①“记录;记载”(可数/不可数)
for the record :郑重声明;正式记录在案 on record: 公开记录的 ;有记载的
②“纪录;最佳成绩”(可数)
break a record: 打破纪录 old a record: 保持纪录 ③“唱片”(可数) a vinyl record: 黑胶唱片 派生词
recordable【形容词】“可记录的 ;可录制的” a recordable CD(可刻录光盘)
recording【名词/形容词】“录制 ;录音制品” a live recording(现场录音)
recorder【名词】“记录者;录音机;竖笛” a tape recorder(磁带录音机)
1. The history book________________of the dynasty.(这本史书记载了该王朝的重要事件。)
2. The band________________a new album next month.(乐队下个月将录制新专辑。)
3. She________________from the 1960s.(她收集20世纪60年代的老唱片。)
4. The athlete________________in the race.(这位运动员在比赛中创下了最快纪录。)
5. The band released a________________yesterday.(乐队昨天发布了新的录音作品。)
6. She________________in the school band.(她在学校乐队里吹竖笛。)
7. It's the hottest summer________________.(这是有记录以来最热的夏天。)
8. ________________, I disagree with this decision.(郑重声明,我反对这个决定。)
9. She________________in the 100-meter dash.(她打破了100米短跑的世界纪录。)
10. He________________for most goals scored.(他保持着进球最多的纪录。)
11. The________________(record) of the meeting will be sent to all members.
考点十八:possible
【形容词 】“可能的 ;可能存在的” 反义词 :impossible
①It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.某人有可能做某事
②as+形容词/副词+as possible=as...as sb can 尽可能 … …
③if possible 如果可能的话
派生词
possibly【 副词 】①“可能地;也许”②用于疑问句中加强语气 possibility【名词 】“可能性;可能的方法”
1.赵认为花费尽可能多的时间在语言的听说读写上很重要(P43)
___________________________________________________________________
2.我认为你应该努力频繁的听英语。(P45)
__________________________________________________________________
3. Please come back________________.(请尽快回来。)
4. It's________________for her________________the task in two days.(她有可能在两天内完成任务。)
5. Could you________________help me with this?(你能不能帮我这个忙?)
6. He________________about the meeting.(他可能忘了开会的事。)
考点十九 :rather than
”在句中表示“而不是” ,用于连接两个并列成分 ,强调否定后者 ,肯定前者。
①后接动词原形(常用于省略to 的不定式结构)(若前面有to ,需省略to )
prefer to do A rather than do B”为固定搭配 ,意为“ 宁愿做A而不是做B”
例:He decided to stay at home rather than go out.(他决定待在家,而不是出去。) ②后接动名词/名词/代词
例:She enjoys reading rather than watching TV.(她喜欢读书,而不是看电视。) ③后接形容词/介词短语
例:He is brave rather than clever.(他是勇敢,而不是聪明。)
”在句首,表示“与其 ……不如 … … ”Rather than Y, (I) ... X, 强调主动放弃 Y 选择X 例:Rather than wait for the bus, we walked home.(我们没等公交,而是走回家了。)
拓展:
instead of+名词/动名词“而不是”
would rather ( not )do sth. than do sth. “ 宁愿(不) ……也不愿 … … ”
1.赵相信最好是集中在句子而不是单个词汇上。(P43)
___________________________________________________________________
2.I would rather________________than________________a taxi.(我宁愿走路也不愿打车。)
3.-We are supposed to help the classmates who are in trouble________laugh at them.-I can't agree with you more. We should support each other.
A. instead of B. as well as C. rather than D. would rather
4. I would rather________the chance than________Mary. She is my best friend.
A. not to take; to hurt B. not taking; hurting C. not take; hurt D. not taking; to hurt
考点二十 :speech
【名词】
①说话;言语能力②正式演讲(如公开演讲 、致辞)③(书中的)人物讲话; 台词
ose one ’s speech(失去说话能力 ) freedom of speech(言论自由 )
make/give a speech(做演讲) prepare a speech(准备讲稿)
speech contest(演讲比赛) speech bubble(漫画中的)对话框
【近义辨析 :speech vs. talk vs. lecture】
speech:正式演讲(如庆典 、政治场合);
talk:较随意的讲话(如座谈会 、分享会);
lecture :学术性讲座(如课程 、学术报告)。
1.努力集中谈话或者演讲的主要意思。(P45)
___________________________________________________________________
2.________________became slurred after drinking.(她酒后说话变得含糊不清。)
3. The president________________on education reform.(总统发表了关于教育改革的演讲。)
4. The play includes________________from the________________.(这部戏包含主角的大段独白。)
5. She won first prize in the school________________.(她在学校演讲比赛中获一等奖。)
6. Dialogues in comics are shown in________________.(漫画中的对话用对话框呈现。
Part3 副词的比较级和最高级&反身代词
考点一:副词的比较级和最高级
核心知识梳理
(一)构成规则
1. 一般情况:单音节副词和少数双音节副词在词尾加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级。
o 例:fast(快地)→faster→fastest(The cheetah runs faster than any other animal. 猎豹比其他任何动物跑得都快。);hard(努力地)→harder→hardest(He works harder than his classmates. 他比同学学习更努力。)。
2. 多音节及部分双音节副词:在原级前加 more 构成比较级,加 most 构成最高级。
o 例:carefully(仔细地)→more carefully→most carefully(She listens more carefully than her sister. 她比妹妹听讲更仔细。);quickly(迅速地)→more quickly→most quickly(The rabbit runs more quickly than the tortoise. 兔子比乌龟跑得更快。)。
3. 不规则变化:
o well(好地)→better→best(He plays basketball better than anyone else. 他篮球打得比其他人都好。);
o badly(差地)→worse→worst(The team played worse today than yesterday. 这支队伍今天比昨天打得更差。;
o far(远地)→farther/further→farthest/furthest(He jumped farther than all his friends. 他比所有朋友都跳得更远)
(二)用法规则
1. 比较级:用于两者之间的比较,结构为 “副词比较级 + than”,可被 much/a little/even 等词修饰。
o 例:She speaks English much better than me. 她英语说得比我好得多。
2. 最高级:用于三者及以上的比较,结构为 “the + 副词最高级 + 范围”,最高级前的 the 可省略。
o 例:Of all the singers, she sings (the) most beautifully. 在所有歌手中,她唱歌最动听。
3. 特殊结构:
o “比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示 “越来越……”(The car is running faster and faster. 汽车跑得越来越快。);
o “The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 表示 “越…… 越……”(The harder you study, the better grades you will get. 学习越努力,成绩越好。)。
即学即用
1. Tom studies ________ than before, so he makes fewer mistakes now.
A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully
2. Among all the students, Lucy listens ________ to the teacher.
A. most careful B. more carefully C. most carefully D. carefully
3. He speaks English ________ than his sister, but not ________.
A. better; best B. better; as well C. well; better D. best; better
4. The problem was ________ than we thought, so we solved it ________.
A. easier; quick B. more easy; quickly C. easier; quickly D. more easily; quick
5. Which student runs ________ in your class?
A. fastest B. faster C. fast D. more fast
6. She writes ________ than any other student in the class.
A. more careful B. more carefully C. most careful D. most carefully
7. He plays the piano ________ of all the contestants.
A. more beautifully B. most beautifully C. beautifully D. more beautiful
8. The car is running ________. It seems to be flying.
A. more and faster B. more fast and fast C. faster and faster D. fast and fast
9. The ________ you work, the ________ results you will get.
A. harder; better B. hard; good C. hardest; best D. harder; best
10. I can’t hear you ________. Can you speak ________?
A. clear; loud B. clearly; louder C. clear; louder D. clearly; loud
考点二:反身代词
核心知识梳理
(一)构成形式
人称
单数形式
复数形式
第一人称
myself(我自己)
ourselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yourself(你自己)
yourselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)/herself(她自己)/itself(它自己)
themselves(他们自己)
(二)核心用法
1. 主宾同指:当句子主语和宾语为同一人或物时,宾语用反身代词。
o 例:She taught herself Japanese in three months. 她三个月自学了日语。
2. 固定搭配:
o enjoy oneself(玩得开心):The children enjoyed themselves at the amusement park. 孩子们在游乐园玩得很开心
o help oneself to(随便吃 / 用):Help yourself to some cake, Mary. 玛丽,随便吃点蛋糕。
o by oneself(独自):The old man lives by himself in the countryside. 老人独自住在乡下。
3. 强调用法:用于主语或宾语后,强调 “亲自”。
o 例:The president himself attended the meeting. 总统亲自参加了会议。
即学即用
1. Boys and girls, help ________ to some fruit. It’s fresh.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. himself D. themselves
2. Lucy, did you make the model plane all by ________?
A. yourself B. herself C. myself D. itself
3. We must learn to look after ________ when our parents are away.
A. myself B. ourselves C. yourself D. yourselves
4. The little cat hurt ________ when it fell off the tree.
A. itself B. himself C. herself D. themselves
5. Jim, don’t be shy. You should believe in ________.
A. myself B. herself C. himself D. yourself
6. They finished the project by ________ without any help.
A. myself B. yourself C. themselves D. itself
7. The old man lives alone, but he never feels lonely because he can talk to ________.
A. himself B. itself C. yourself D. myself
8. We enjoyed ________ at the beach last weekend. The sunshine and sea were wonderful.
A. myself B. ourselves C. yourselves D. themselves
9. Help ________ to some fish, Linda. It’s your favorite.
A. herself B. yourself C. myself D. themselves
10. The story ________ is interesting, but I don’t like the ending.
A. itself B. himself C. herself D. themselves
难点一:副词比较级与形容词比较级的结构混淆
难点表现
学生易混淆副词比较级与形容词比较级的修饰对象,如将 “He runs more fast” 误写为 “more fast”(正确为 faster),或用形容词修饰动词(如 “run quick”)。
突破要点
1. 词性区分原则
o 副词修饰动词,形容词修饰名词:
o 例:He speaks loudly(副词修饰动词);a loud voice(形容词修饰名词)。
2. 比较级构成差异
o 单音节副词直接加 - er:fast→faster(√),不可加 more(×more fast);
o 多音节副词必须加 more:carefully→more carefully(√),不可加 - er(×carefullier)。
3. 错例对比训练
o 错误:She writes more careful than me.(×,形容词 careful 不能修饰动词 write)
o 正确:She writes more carefully than me.(√,副词 carefully 的比较级)
难点二:反身代词与宾格代词的误用
难点表现
混淆反身代词(如 myself)与宾格代词(如 me)的用法,如将 “I teach me English” 误写为宾格代词。
突破要点
1. 主宾同指判断
o 当主语和宾语为同一人 / 物时用反身代词,否则用宾格:
o 例:He bought a gift for himself(√,给自己买礼物);
o 例:He bought a gift for me(√,给我买礼物,主宾不同人)。
2. 固定搭配强化
o 必须用反身代词的短语:
o enjoy oneself(×enjoy me),help oneself to(×help me to)。
o 例:They enjoyed themselves at the party(√)。
3. 反身代词省略场景
o 少数动词(如 dress, behave)后必须接反身代词:
o 例:The child can dress himself now(√,不能省略 himself)。
三、难点三:副词最高级前 the 的取舍规则
难点表现
不确定副词最高级前是否加 the,如将 “She sings (the) most beautifully” 中的 the 随意省略或添加。
突破要点
1. 语法规则梳理
o 形容词最高级前必须加 the,副词最高级前 the 可省略:
o 例:She is the tallest girl in class(√,形容词);
o 例:She sings (the) most beautifully(√,副词 the 可省)。
2. 语境判断技巧
o 强调 “最” 的概念时可加 the,口语中常省略:
o 例:Of all singers, she sings the most beautifully(正式表达);
o 例:She sings most beautifully among us(口语化表达)。
3. 易混结构对比
o 错误:He runs the faster of the two(×,两者比较用比较级,不加 the);
o 正确:He runs faster of the two(√,比较级前无 the)。
中考真题速递
1.Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.
A.much faster than B.as fast as C.more slowly than D.as slowly as
2.—Which kind of movies do you prefer, action movies or comedies?
—I like action movies ________.
A.well B.better C.the better D.the best
3.—Who got the first prize in this competition?
—Of course Tom did. He worked ________ among us.
A.hard B.harder C.hardest
4.Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________.
A.they B.their C.them D.themselves
5.Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.
A.herself B.hers C.she D.her
6.When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________.
A.my; myself B.my; mine C.me; myself D.me; mine
7.—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success.
—OK, I will.
A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself
8.—Judy practices her oral English hard every day.
—So she does. She pronounces words ________ than before.
A.clearly B.more clearly C.most clearly
9.I prefer riding a bike to driving a car to work because it is ________ environmentally friendly.
A.much B.more C.most
10.—Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A.beautifully B.more beautifully C.most beautifully
各地名校真题
1. Adam runs ________ in our class, so we all think he can take part in the sports meeting.
A.faster B.fastest C.earlier D.earliest
2. Please keep as ______ as possible while watching birds, as noise will make them afraid and fly away.
A.quiet B.quieter C.quietly D.most quietly
3. Nothing can stop us if we believe in ______ and work hard together.
A.yourself B.yourselves C.myself D.ourselves
4. Generally speaking, the more you pay, _______ you will get better service.
A.the more easily B.the easier C.the harder D.the more hardly
5. On Friday afternoon, our school finishes much ________ than usual. So all the students are excited on that day.
A.early B.late C.earlier D.later
6. The coach gave Lily _________ useful advice that she _______ to improve herself in a short time.
A.such a ; tried B.such; tries C.so; managed D.such; managed
7. Judy enjoys running. She even runs ________ than the boys in her class.
A.faster B.fast C.fastest D.the fastest
8. Who jumped ________, Mike, Tom or Jack?
A.far B.the farthest C.farther D.the farther
9.All the students enjoyed ________ in the World Park and took a lot of photos.
A.himself B.herself C.ourselves D.themselves
10. —Alice ________ dance ________ Janice now.
—Yes. Janice practises ________ of all the girls.
A.isn’t; as good as; harder B.doesn’t; as good as; harder
C.isn’t; as well as; hardest D.doesn’t; as well as; hardest
11. The ________ you drive, the ________ traffic accidents will happen.
A.more careful; fewer B.more carefully; fewer C.more carefully; less D.more careful; less
12. My best friend Jim always helps me. As a famous writer once said, “A friend is a gift that you give ________.”
A.you B.yourself C.your D.yours
13.— Who runs ________ among them?
— Liu Tao does. He’s my hero.
A.faster B.fastest C.more slowly D.most slowly
14. Which of the following words can we add the suffix “-ist” to to form a noun?
A.dance B.win C.piano D.visit
15. Zhang Guimei always puts students before ________ during her daily life.
A.her B.herself C.them D.themselves
16. The saying “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.” tells us ________.
A.how often should we help others B.how we should help others
C.when we should help others D.whom we should help
17. Walt Disney made 87 cartoons ________. He became rich and ________.
A.successful; successful B.successfully; successfully C.successful; successfully D.successfully; successful
18. —Could you please tell me something about his performance at yesterday’s _________ show?
—Excellent! He really has a great ________ for performance.
A.talented; talent B.gift; gift C.talented; gift D.talent; gift
19. Which sport do you like ________, basketball or table tennis?
A.well B.better C.best
20.What a pity! Wu Dong ran ________ than Liu Qiang.
A.slowest B.slowly C.more slowly
21. Jerry and his brother taught ________ to skate last year.
A.themselves B.ourselves C.yourselves
22. A mobile phone with 5G can send videos a lot ________ than the one with 4G these days.
A.fast B.faster C.the fastest
23.Jim runs fast, but Frank runs ________ than him.
A.fast B.faster C.the fast D.fastest
24. —Mark won the basketball game again.
—Yes. I think no one can do ________ than him.
A.well B.good C.better D.best
25. Liu Cheng ran ________ of all the students at the sports meet.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest
26. Sam did ________ in his studies this year than last year.
A.well B.very well C.better D.best
27. I would rather ________ than drive my car to school every morning.
A.walk B.walking C.to walk D.walked
28. He runs ________ than Tom.
A.much more quick B.much quickly C.much more faster D.much faster
29. —Who’s the fastest runner in your class?
—Jack is. He runs ________ than any other student in my class.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
30. My brother used to go to school ________ than other students.
A.much early B.much earlier C.more earlier D.more early
31. —Which season do you like ________?
—Winter.
A.the best B.better C.well D.good
32. Jim runs the ________ of the three.
A.quickest B.more quickly C.quicker D.most quickly
33.We are glad to see the company developing ________ these years than before.
A.very quickly B.less quickly C.more quicker D.more quickly
34.When being in an emergency, Tom found a way to calm ________ down.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
35. —No one taught ________ English. He learned it ________.
—He is so clever.
A.his; by himself B.his; for himself C.him; by himself D.him; on himself
36. Kids, we’re going to make some paper roses. Be careful not to hurt _________ when using scissors.
A.himself B.themselves C.yourself D.yourselves
37. Ken is going to buy ________ a mountain bike. It’s his favorite.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
38.These questions are very easy and Danny can work them out in a short time by ________.
A.itself B.himself C.herself D.themselves
39. Tim and I won’t be able to do the whole job ________, so we need your help.
A.by himself B.for myself C.by ourselves D.for themselves
40. — Dinner will be ready in about half an hour. Help ________ to some snacks, my friends.
— Thanks, we will. Everything looks delicious.
A.yourselves B.themselves C.yourself D.ourselves
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