精品解析：河南省天立教育集团2024-2025学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题

河南省天立教育集团2024－2025学年春期高一年级期末联考 英语试题卷 本试题卷共8页，四大题，67小题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What will the weather be like tomorrow？ A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 2 Where does the man want to go？ A. The library. B. The cafeteria. C. The gym. 3. How much is the blue T-shirt？ A. ¥50. B. ¥70. C. ¥100. 4. When will the math class end？ A. 10：30. B. 11：00. C. 11：30. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Co-workers. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why was Jane absent yesterday？ A. She was ill. B. She visited a museum. C. She had a meeting. 7. What will Jane do next？ A. Borrow notes. B. See a doctor. C. Finish homework. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the boy lose？ A. A wallet. B. A textbook. C. A phone. 9. Where did he probably leave it？ A. In the lab. B. On the bus. C. At the café. 10. Who found the lost item？ A. A cleaner. B. His classmate. C. A teacher. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing？ A. Weekend plans. B. A movie review. C. A book report. 12. Why does the girl refuse the invitation？ A. She has to study. B. She dislikes hiking. C. She will visit relatives. 13. What will the boy do on Sunday？ A. Watch a film. B. Go camping. C. Read a novel. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where will the summer camp be held？ A. By the lake. B. In the mountains. C. Near the beach. 15. Which activity is NOT mentioned？ A. Swimming. B. Rock climbing. C. Bird watching. 16. How much does the camp cost？ A. ¥500. B. ¥800. C. ¥1，000. 17. What should students bring？ A. Sleeping bags. B. Food. C. Maps. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the announcement about？ A. A school concert. B. A sports event. C. A science fair. 19. When should participants arrive？ A. 8：00 a. m. B. 8：30 a. m. C. 9：00 a. m. 20. How can students sign up？ A. Email Ms. Li. B. Visit Room 203. C. Call the office. 第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The popularity of achieving 10,000 steps a day indicates that many of us have welcomed the message: walking is beneficial for overall health. This low-impact activity, requiring no special equipment beyond a sturdy pair of sneakers, improves heart health, lung capacity and weight management while helping prevent several age-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes. In 2023, the British Journal of Sports Medicine published the results of a data analysis of ten different studies that investigated the impact of walking speed on the risk of type 2 diabetes. This study, which pooled statistics from over 500,000 people in the US, Japan, and the UK, revealed that both “fairly brisk walking” and “striding walking” were associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, independent of the time spent walking. As time did not emerge as a significant factor, the researchers suggest that encouraging people to walk at faster speeds could improve the health benefits of walking, beyond simply increasing total walking time or hitting a specific step count. Relationships between walking speed and the reduction of type 2 diabetes risk: Average pace 3 - 5 km/h 15 percent reduction in risk Fairly brisk pace 5 - 6.5 km/h 24 percent reduction in risk Just below jogging pace 6.5 km/h 39 percent reduction in risk ·The time spent walking was not a decisive factor; instead, each increase in speed of one kilometre per hour correlated with a nine percent reduction in risk. ·Speeds exceeding 4 km/h were associated with a lower risk of the disease. 1. What can we learn about walking from the passage? A. It is demanding. B. It is well received. C. It can cure heart diseases. D. It requires no equipment. 2. At what walking speed can one achieve a 24 percent reduction in the risk of type 2 diabetes? A. 3-5 km/h. B. 5-6.5 km/h. C. 6.5 km/h D. Above 6.5 km/h. 3. Which aspect of walking can most benefit health? A. Equipment. B. Time. C. Speed. D. Step count. B Tim Wilson, 18, designed a special soft robot: It gives relaxing hugs. Tim’s sister frequently had trouble getting a good night’s sleep as a child. “I saw the effects of poor sleep on her life,” he says. Many of his classmates complained about similar problems. When it was time to do a high-school research project, he decided to deal with “a real need in the world”. His solution — a huggable, co-sleeping robot — brought him a First Award in the Robotics and Intelligent Machines category at Barker College in Sydney, Australia. “Other robotic sleep aids exist. But until now, none could hug back,” Tim says. He started by building a monkey robot and went on to create a koala robot, too. Hugging the robot causes its arms to return the hugger’s hug thanks to the flexible, inflatable tubes (可充气管子) in the robot’s arms. A fiber outside the tubes works like a muscle. His machines do more than return hugs. The robot’s stomach gently rises and falls. “It’s quite comforting,” Tim says. The robot even tries to match its “breathing” rate to the hugger’s. How? A sensor (传感器) inside measures the CO₂ breathed out by the hugger. The robot then tries to mirror how fast the user is breathing. But that part proved tricky. After all, a bedroom fan might be enough to throw off the gas levels. So it’s not always going to be mirroring the user exactly. Therefore, a nice slow breathing rate is preset. Tim believes his robots might help people in other settings, too. Some people benefit from emotional support dogs, for example. But some places might not allow animals. In a super clean hospital, an animal may bring a risk to sick kids. “Being able to relax kids suffering from illnesses is quite a challenging thing,” Tim shares. “But my product could do it.” 4. What inspired Tim to design the robot? A. The widespread sleep trouble. B. His desire to win a robotics competition. C. The lack of robotic sleep aids in the market. D. His interest in studying breathing patterns. 5. What makes Tim’s robot special compared with others? A. Its equipment for removing CO2. B. Its soft and huggable material. C. Its ability to monitor the heart rate. D. Its function of responding to hugs. 6. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. No animals are allowed in hospitals. B Tim is confident about his robots’ future. C. Emotional support dogs are no longer popular. D. More improvement is needed for the hugging robots. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Tim? A. Responsible and flexible. B. Honest and hard-working. C. Creative and considerate. D. Humorous and strong-willed. C It is rare that the CEO praises the virtues of sleeping late. According to one study, two-thirds of the CEOs of large American companies are up by 6 o’ clock, while for average Americans, the share is less than one third. For future corporate leaders, the message seems clear: you snooze (打盹), you lose. Mike has no such ambitions. But he’s tried with early starts, and finds they bring the sense of satisfaction that comes from arriving before your editor — mailbox can be cleared and problems solved before the flood of meetings, leaving you feeling well prepared for the day ahead. Early birds are certainly thought highly of Rolling into the office late is unacceptable in most companies. A study published in 2020 found night owls (猫头鹰) were regarded as being “lazy” and “immature”. However, rising early is not all upside. Those prepared to receive work when the boss arrives may be assigned more of it. Urgent tasks often come up during the day, meaning early arrivals may end up working just as late as other colleagues. Waking before sunrise also risks making you a bore. Some early risers can’t help describing how much they got done while night owls hit the snooze button. Others go home early rather than socialize. Night owls, by contrast, let loose. In the eyes of many,late nights are the preserve of youth, while early mornings are viewed as for the elderly. If you’d like to change your body clock, it is possible to end in disappointment, as it is largely determined by genes. Perhaps the best advice is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither early birds nor night owls, but in between, struggling both in the morning and late evening. That is why most offices operate between 9 and 5 and why they ought to have break rooms. 8. What advantage does Mike find in early starts? A. Getting ready for the work. B. Enhancing creative thinking. C. Reducing workload pressure. D. Improving social relationships. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Night owls feel more stressed. B. Rising early is altogether beneficial. C. Rising early probably means getting more work. D. One arriving early can end up in working earlier. 10. What does the underlined words “hit the snooze button” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Let out a yawn. B. Sleep a little longer. C. Turn off the alarm. D. Get up to make breakfast. 11. What is the author’s final advice regarding the body clock? A. Accept their genetic determination. B. Prioritize nighttime productivity. C. Adjust it through consistent habits. D. Balance work with regular breaks. D “Opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,” and “Everyone has the right to express his opinion,” are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant (心胸狭窄的). Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend “What do you think of the new Ford cars?” And he may reply, “In my opinion, they’re ugly.” In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, “It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste.” But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously, the judges did not share their personal preferences, their likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, carefully arrived at after thorough investigation and consideration. Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence Is everyone free to express his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. 12. According to the author, which of the following would be regarded as intolerant? A. Someone who can’t put up with others’ tastes. B. Someone who values only their own opinions C. Someone who turns a deaf ear to others’ opinions. D. Someone whose opinion harms other people. 13. What does the writer mean by the example of the new Ford cars? A. It is foolish to criticize a famous brand like Ford. B. Personal tastes are not something to be challenged. C. Everyone should not always agree to others’ opinions. D. It is unwise to express one’s likes and dislikes in public. 14. How does considered judgment differ from personal preference? A. It is stated by judges in the court. B. It reflects public like and dislikes. C. It is a result of a lot of argument. D. It is based on careful thought. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. Should All Opinions Be Attached Importance to? B. Why Should We Never Challenge Others’ Opinions? C. Are Opinions Personal Tastes or Reasoned Judgments? D. How does the Supreme Court Deliver Legal Opinions? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our homes use a lot of energy every day. This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.___16___Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings. To protect our planet, we need to find ways to use less energy at home. Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.___17___Here are three easy things you can do. Open a window. When the weather is not too hot such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner. Opening a window can let fresh air in and make your home feel cooler. If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.___18___ Use ceiling(天花板) fans. Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.___19___In some areas, using fans instead of air conditioning can reduce energy use and pollution by up to 76%. If you have a fan at home, try using it more often. Make your roof reflect sunlight. ___20___A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. This helps your home stay cooler and reduces the need for air conditioning. You can talk to a builder about special reflective roof paint. It can help you save both energy and money in the long run, A. A light roof saves much on energy bills. B. The roof gets a lot of sunlight during the day. C. They use much less energy than air conditioners. D. Therefore, air conditioners are far from satisfactory. E. However, using too much energy can cause serious problems. F. But in fact, there are simple and low-cost ways to reduce energy use. G. This simple action can save up to 45% of cooling energy, depending on the weather. 第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The power of passion and perseverance (坚持不懈) At 27, I left a very demanding job for another that was even more demanding: teaching. What ____21____ me was that IQ wasn’t the only ____22____ between my best and worst students—some of my strongest performers didn’t have high IQ scores. That set me ____23____. Things one needs to learn in seventh grade are sure ____24____, but not impossible. I was firmly ____25____ that every student could learn well if they worked hard enough. In education, IQ is considered ____26____, but doing well in school and in life ____27____ on much more than your ability to learn quickly and easily. So I ____28____ the classroom, and went to graduate school to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super ____29____ settings, and in every study, my question was: who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. We tried to predict which soldier would stay in military training and which would ____30____. We went to the Scripps National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would ____31____ farthest in competition and win. In all those different contexts, one characteristic ____32____ as a significant predictor of success. It wasn’t IQ. It was grit (毅力). Grit is ____33____ and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is ____34____ your future, day in and day out, and working really hard to make that future a ____35____. Grit is living life like it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑比赛). 21. A. depressed B. struck C. trapped D. embarrassed 22. A. gap B. link C. balance D. choice 23 A. imagining B. debating C. thinking D. dreaming 24. A. fantastic B. tough C. typical D. interesting 25. A. determined B. expected C. protected D. convinced 26. A. automatic B. adjustable C. crucial D. common 27. A. decides B. calls C. takes D. depends 28. A. monitored B. left C. missed D. moved 29. A. frightening B. boring C. challenging D. puzzling 30. A. drop out B. put up C. turn around D. pay off 31. A. sacrifice B. advance C. qualify D. analyze 32. A. faded B. remained C. happened D. emerged 33. A. passion B. talent C. reason D. demand 34. A. agreeing with B. dealing with C. going with D. sticking with 35. A. mark B. goal C. reality D. lesson 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an ecological barrier and a golden waterway, the Yangtze River plays ____36____ important role in China’s social and economic development. Accounting for 43.1 percent of the nation’s total population and 47 percent of its GDP, the Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the ____37____ (active) regions in China. At present, a green industry system is being shaped along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, ____38____ the green transition (转变) of traditional industries speeding up. The region is developing sectors such as electric vehicles, ____39____ (support) by green funds and bonds to finance technological innovation (革新). In the future, the belt needs ____40____ (strengthen) ecological protection, including further improving regulation and ____41____ (reduce) pollution and carbon emissions. Inter-provincial cooperation is essential for green growth. ____42____ (similar), working together with Belt and Road Initiative partners ____43____ (be) of great significance. Finally, it should also upgrade traditional industries, improve resource use and build a green-tech innovation system, ____44____ can better promote sustainable development. By making use of ____45____ (it) strengths in green industries, the region can contribute to global pollution control and climate action. 第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是西学社（Western Culture Club）社长李华，你将在社团招新活动中发表一分钟演讲向同学们宣传西学社，内容包括： (1)介绍社团概况； (2)邀请学生加入。 注意： (1)写作词数应为120左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Shanti longed for the wooden doll in Ramu’s toy shop for weeks. The one with the red dress that shone in the sunlight. Determined to buy it, she came up with a plan. She would make jasmine garlands (茉莉花环) and sell them at her aunt’s market stand. Her best friend Jodi was eager to join her. Early the next morning, the girls met at the jasmine garden outside of Shanti’s house. Delicate white flowers surrounded them with fresh scents. They nipped (掐) flowers with their fingers and dropped them into a basket. Then the girls sat under a mango tree and knotted the flowers into garlands. Shanti could already picture herself holding that doll, imagining the joy of owning it. “If we sell enough, we can each buy one,” she said with a smile. But Jodi shook her head. She explained that her family was struggling financially that week, and instead of using her earnings for a doll, she would buy medicine for her sick little brother, Kiran. She then picked up her garlands. “My mother is expecting me. I’ll meet you at the market.” Later, Shanti spent the afternoon selling her garlands while waiting for Jodi. By evening, Shanti had sold all of hers, but there was still no sign of her friend. Just as Shanti was heading home, she spotted Jodi coming to the market with her garlands, looking exhausted. Jodi explained that she had been taking care of Kiran while her mother was at work, and that’s why she was late. Shanti’s heart sank as she realized her friend wouldn’t be able to make enough money for the medicine in time. She looked at the small amount of money she had earned, which had been meant for the doll she had dreamed of for so long. In that moment, the desire for the doll seemed so insignificant. Without a second thought, she handed Jodi the money. “Keep this for Kiran’s medicine,” Shanti said softly. Jodi’s eyes were filled with gratitude, but Shanti smiled, knowing she had made the right choice. 注意: (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式作答。 The next week, as Shanti and Jodi gathered flowers, Kiran came. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shanti rushed to the shop, only to be told the doll was sold. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 河南省天立教育集团2024－2025学年春期高一年级期末联考 英语试题卷 本试题卷共8页，四大题，67小题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What will the weather be like tomorrow？ A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 2. Where does the man want to go？ A. The library. B. The cafeteria. C. The gym. 3. How much is the blue T-shirt？ A. ¥50. B. ¥70. C. ¥100. 4. When will the math class end？ A. 10：30. B. 11：00. C. 11：30. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Co-workers. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why was Jane absent yesterday？ A. She was ill. B. She visited a museum. C. She had a meeting. 7. What will Jane do next？ A. Borrow notes. B. See a doctor. C. Finish homework. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the boy lose？ A. A wallet. B. A textbook. C. A phone. 9. Where did he probably leave it？ A. In the lab. B. On the bus. C. At the café. 10. Who found the lost item？ A. A cleaner. B. His classmate. C. A teacher. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11 What are the speakers mainly discussing？ A. Weekend plans. B. A movie review. C. A book report. 12. Why does the girl refuse the invitation？ A. She has to study. B. She dislikes hiking. C. She will visit relatives. 13. What will the boy do on Sunday？ A. Watch a film. B. Go camping. C. Read a novel. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where will the summer camp be held？ A. By the lake. B. In the mountains. C. Near the beach. 15. Which activity is NOT mentioned？ A. Swimming. B. Rock climbing. C. Bird watching. 16. How much does the camp cost？ A. ¥500. B. ¥800. C. ¥1，000. 17. What should students bring？ A. Sleeping bags. B. Food. C. Maps. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the announcement about？ A. A school concert. B. A sports event. C. A science fair. 19. When should participants arrive？ A. 8：00 a. m. B. 8：30 a. m. C. 9：00 a. m. 20. How can students sign up？ A. Email Ms. Li. B. Visit Room 203. C. Call the office. 第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The popularity of achieving 10,000 steps a day indicates that many of us have welcomed the message: walking is beneficial for overall health. This low-impact activity, requiring no special equipment beyond a sturdy pair of sneakers, improves heart health, lung capacity and weight management while helping prevent several age-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes. In 2023, the British Journal of Sports Medicine published the results of a data analysis of ten different studies that investigated the impact of walking speed on the risk of type 2 diabetes. This study, which pooled statistics from over 500,000 people in the US, Japan, and the UK, revealed that both “fairly brisk walking” and “striding walking” were associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, independent of the time spent walking. As time did not emerge as a significant factor, the researchers suggest that encouraging people to walk at faster speeds could improve the health benefits of walking, beyond simply increasing total walking time or hitting a specific step count. Relationships between walking speed and the reduction of type 2 diabetes risk: Average pace 3 - 5 km/h 15 percent reduction in risk Fairly brisk pace 5 - 6.5 km/h 24 percent reduction in risk Just below jogging pace 6.5 km/h 39 percent reduction in risk ·The time spent walking was not a decisive factor; instead, each increase in speed of one kilometre per hour correlated with a nine percent reduction in risk. ·Speeds exceeding 4 km/h were associated with a lower risk of the disease. 1. What can we learn about walking from the passage? A. It is demanding. B. It is well received. C. It can cure heart diseases. D. It requires no equipment. 2. At what walking speed can one achieve a 24 percent reduction in the risk of type 2 diabetes? A. 3-5 km/h. B. 5-6.5 km/h. C. 6.5 km/h D. Above 6.5 km/h. 3. Which aspect of walking can most benefit health? A. Equipment. B. Time. C. Speed. D. Step count. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了步行对健康的益处，尤其是不同步行速度与降低2型糖尿病风险之间的关系，指出步行速度比步行时间和步数更能影响健康收益。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The popularity of achieving 10,000 steps a day indicates that many of us have welcomed the message: walking is beneficial for overall health(每天走10,000步的流行表明，我们很多人都接受了这样一个信息：步行对整体健康有益)”可知，步行受到了人们的广泛欢迎。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中表格“Fairly brisk pace 5 - 6.5 km/h 24 percent reduction in risk(相当快的速度5 - 6.5公里/小时，风险降低24%)”可知，当步行速度为5 - 6.5 km/h 时，能降低24%患2型糖尿病的风险。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As time did not emerge as a significant factor, the researchers suggest that encouraging people to walk at faster speeds could improve the health benefits of walking, beyond simply increasing total walking time or hitting a specific step count(由于时间并非一个重要因素，研究人员建议，鼓励人们以更快的速度步行可以提高步行对健康的益处，而不仅仅是增加总步行时间或达到特定的步数)”可知，步行速度对健康的益处最大。故选C项。 B Tim Wilson, 18, designed a special soft robot: It gives relaxing hugs. Tim’s sister frequently had trouble getting a good night’s sleep as a child. “I saw the effects of poor sleep on her life,” he says. Many of his classmates complained about similar problems. When it was time to do a high-school research project, he decided to deal with “a real need in the world”. His solution — a huggable, co-sleeping robot — brought him a First Award in the Robotics and Intelligent Machines category at Barker College in Sydney, Australia. “Other robotic sleep aids exist. But until now, none could hug back,” Tim says. He started by building a monkey robot and went on to create a koala robot, too. Hugging the robot causes its arms to return the hugger’s hug thanks to the flexible, inflatable tubes (可充气管子) in the robot’s arms. A fiber outside the tubes works like a muscle. His machines do more than return hugs. The robot’s stomach gently rises and falls. “It’s quite comforting,” Tim says. The robot even tries to match its “breathing” rate to the hugger’s. How? A sensor (传感器) inside measures the CO₂ breathed out by the hugger. The robot then tries to mirror how fast the user is breathing. But that part proved tricky. After all, a bedroom fan might be enough to throw off the gas levels. So it’s not always going to be mirroring the user exactly. Therefore, a nice slow breathing rate is preset. Tim believes his robots might help people in other settings, too. Some people benefit from emotional support dogs, for example. But some places might not allow animals. In a super clean hospital, an animal may bring a risk to sick kids. “Being able to relax kids suffering from illnesses is quite a challenging thing,” Tim shares. “But my product could do it.” 4. What inspired Tim to design the robot? A. The widespread sleep trouble. B. His desire to win a robotics competition. C. The lack of robotic sleep aids in the market. D. His interest in studying breathing patterns. 5. What makes Tim’s robot special compared with others? A. Its equipment for removing CO2. B. Its soft and huggable material. C. Its ability to monitor the heart rate. D. Its function of responding to hugs. 6. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. No animals are allowed in hospitals. B. Tim is confident about his robots’ future. C. Emotional support dogs are no longer popular. D. More improvement is needed for the hugging robots. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Tim? A. Responsible and flexible. B. Honest and hard-working. C. Creative and considerate. D. Humorous and strong-willed. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了18岁的蒂姆·威尔逊设计了一款特殊的软体机器人，这款机器人能够给人拥抱，帮助改善睡眠。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Tim’s sister frequently had trouble getting a good night’s sleep as a child. Many of his classmates complained about similar problems.( 蒂姆的姐姐小时候经常难以获得充足的睡眠。他的许多同学也都抱怨着类似的问题。)”可知，蒂姆的妹妹小时候经常睡不好觉，他的许多同学也抱怨有类似的问题，这激发了蒂姆设计这款机器人的灵感。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“‘Other robotic sleep aids exist. But until now, none could hug back,’ Tim says.(确实存在其他机器人睡眠辅助工具，但到目前为止，还没有任何一款能够给予拥抱回馈。)”可知，蒂姆的机器人与其他机器人睡眠辅助工具不同的是，它能够回应拥抱。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“‘Being able to relax kids suffering from illnesses is quite a challenging thing,’ Tim shares. ‘But my product could do it.’(“能够让生病的孩子放松下来是一件很有挑战性的事情，”蒂姆分享道，“但我的产品可以做到。”)”可知，蒂姆认为他的机器人能够帮助放松生病的孩子，这很有挑战性，但他的产品可以做到。由此可以推断出，蒂姆对他的机器人的未来充满信心。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“When it was time to do a high-school research project, he decided to deal with ‘a real need in the world’.(当到了做高中研究课题的时候，他决定去解决“世界上一个真正的需求”。)”以及“His solution—a huggable, co-sleeping robot— brought him a First Award in the Robotics and Intelligent Machines category at Barker College in Sydney, Australia.(他的解决方案——一个可以拥抱的、可以一起睡觉的机器人——为他赢得了澳大利亚悉尼巴克学院机器人与智能机器类别的一等奖。)”可知，蒂姆决定解决世界上的一个真正需求并且由此创造了一个可以睡觉的机器人，由此说明他有创造力；根据文章第三段中的“The robot even tries to match its ‘breathing’ rate to the hugger’s.(这个机器人甚至试图让自己的“呼吸”频率与拥抱者同步。)”可知，蒂姆设计的机器人甚至试图使其“呼吸”频率与拥抱者匹配，这说明他体贴周到。故C项“Creative and considerate.(有创造力和体贴周到的)”符合题意。故选C。 C It is rare that the CEO praises the virtues of sleeping late. According to one study, two-thirds of the CEOs of large American companies are up by 6 o’ clock, while for average Americans, the share is less than one third. For future corporate leaders, the message seems clear: you snooze (打盹), you lose. Mike has no such ambitions. But he’s tried with early starts, and finds they bring the sense of satisfaction that comes from arriving before your editor — mailbox can be cleared and problems solved before the flood of meetings, leaving you feeling well prepared for the day ahead. Early birds are certainly thought highly of. Rolling into the office late is unacceptable in most companies. A study published in 2020 found night owls (猫头鹰) were regarded as being “lazy” and “immature”. However, rising early is not all upside. Those prepared to receive work when the boss arrives may be assigned more of it. Urgent tasks often come up during the day, meaning early arrivals may end up working just as late as other colleagues. Waking before sunrise also risks making you a bore. Some early risers can’t help describing how much they got done while night owls hit the snooze button. Others go home early rather than socialize. Night owls, by contrast, let loose. In the eyes of many,late nights are the preserve of youth, while early mornings are viewed as for the elderly. If you’d like to change your body clock, it is possible to end in disappointment, as it is largely determined by genes. Perhaps the best advice is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither early birds nor night owls, but in between, struggling both in the morning and late evening. That is why most offices operate between 9 and 5 and why they ought to have break rooms. 8. What advantage does Mike find in early starts? A. Getting ready for the work. B. Enhancing creative thinking. C. Reducing workload pressure. D. Improving social relationships. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Night owls feel more stressed. B. Rising early is altogether beneficial. C. Rising early probably means getting more work. D. One arriving early can end up in working earlier. 10. What does the underlined words “hit the snooze button” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Let out a yawn. B. Sleep a little longer. C. Turn off the alarm. D. Get up to make breakfast. 11. What is the author’s final advice regarding the body clock? A. Accept their genetic determination. B. Prioritize nighttime productivity. C. Adjust it through consistent habits. D. Balance work with regular breaks. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了多数美国大公司CEO早起，早起者受认可，但也有弊端，如可能多干活、让人觉得无趣。对此文章指出生物钟多由基因决定，不必纠结，多数人介于两者之间。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Mike has no such ambitions. But he’s tried with early starts, and finds they bring the sense of satisfaction that comes from arriving before your editor — mailbox can be cleared and problems solved before the flood of meetings, leaving you feeling well prepared for the day ahead.(迈克并没有这样的抱负。但他曾尝试过提前开始工作，结果发现这样做能带来一种满足感，那就是在编辑的邮箱还未清理完毕、问题还未解决之前就完成了工作——这样能让你在众多会议之前做好充分准备，从而感觉一切都很有条理)”可知，迈克觉得早起可以为工作做好准备。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Those prepared to receive work when the boss arrives may be assigned more of it.(那些愿意在老板到来时就做好准备迎接工作的人可能会被分配到更多的工作任务)”可知，早起可能意味着要完成更多的工作。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Waking before sunrise also risks making you a bore.(清晨起床就有可能让你变得乏味)”以及下文“Night owls, by contrast, let loose.(相比之下，夜猫子们则尽情享受夜晚的时光)”可知，夜猫子们享受夜晚的时光，所以清晨睡得较久。故划线词意思是“睡得较久”。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you’d like to change your body clock, it is possible to end in disappointment, as it is largely determined by genes. Perhaps the best advice is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither early birds nor night owls, but in between, struggling both in the morning and late evening.(如果你想改变自己的生物钟，可能会事与愿违，因为这在很大程度上是由基因决定的。或许最好的建议就是别再为自己的生物钟而烦恼了。大多数人都既不是早起的鸟儿，也不是夜猫子，而是介于两者之间的类型，白天和晚上都难以保持良好的状态)”可知，关于生物钟，作者的最终建议是接受其由基因决定的事实。故选A。 D “Opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,” and “Everyone has the right to express his opinion,” are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant (心胸狭窄的). Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend “What do you think of the new Ford cars?” And he may reply, “In my opinion, they’re ugly.” In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, “It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste.” But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously, the judges did not share their personal preferences, their likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, carefully arrived at after thorough investigation and consideration. Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence Is everyone free to express his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. 12. According to the author, which of the following would be regarded as intolerant? A. Someone who can’t put up with others’ tastes. B. Someone who values only their own opinions C. Someone who turns a deaf ear to others’ opinions. D. Someone whose opinion harms other people. 13. What does the writer mean by the example of the new Ford cars? A. It is foolish to criticize a famous brand like Ford. B. Personal tastes are not something to be challenged. C. Everyone should not always agree to others’ opinions. D It is unwise to express one’s likes and dislikes in public. 14. How does considered judgment differ from personal preference? A. It is stated by judges in the court. B. It reflects public like and dislikes. C It is a result of a lot of argument. D. It is based on careful thought. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. Should All Opinions Be Attached Importance to? B. Why Should We Never Challenge Others’ Opinions? C. Are Opinions Personal Tastes or Reasoned Judgments? D. How does the Supreme Court Deliver Legal Opinions? 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了“观点”这一概念，分析了不同类型的观点，如个人偏好和经过深思熟虑的判断，并讨论了是否可以挑战他人观点。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example, you may ask a friend ‘What do you think of the new Ford cars?’ And he may reply, ‘In my opinion, they’re ugly.’ In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste.(例如，你可能会问一个朋友‘你觉得新款福特汽车怎么样?’他可能会回答，‘在我看来，它们很丑。’在这种情况下，质疑他的说法不仅心胸狭窄，而且很愚蠢。因为很明显，他所说的观点指的是他的个人偏好，是一个品味问题)”可知，不能忍受别人的品味会被认为是心胸狭窄的。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, ‘It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste.’(因为很明显，他所说的观点指的是他的个人偏好，是一个品味问题。正如那句老话所说，‘争论品味问题是没有意义的’)”可知，作者以新款福特汽车为例，是想说明个人品味是不应该被质疑的。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Obviously, the judges did not share their personal preferences, their likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, carefully arrived at after thorough investigation and consideration.(很明显，法官们并没有分享他们的个人喜好，他们的好恶。他们陈述了经过深思熟虑的判断，这是在经过彻底的调查和考虑后谨慎得出的)”可知，经过深思熟虑的判断是基于仔细思考的。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“‘Opinion’ is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it.(‘观点’这个词如今被随意使用。人们用它来指代个人喜好、信念和判断。这种随意的用法或许不会造成太大混淆——前提是人们不过分看重‘观点’。可惜，多数人恰恰将其奉为圭臬)”、第二段中“Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind.(这个标签准确吗？挑战别人的观点是不宽容的吗？这取决于你对‘观点’的定义)”和第四段“Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence.(大多数所谓的“观点”介于这两个极端之间。它们既非纯粹的个人喜好，也非严谨的判断，但可能混杂着二者的成分。这些或多或少带有随意性的看法或信念，其形成过程或许有证据支撑，或许没有)”可知，文章围绕“观点”是个人品味还是经过推理的判断展开论述。C选项“‘观点’是个人品味还是经过推理的判断?”准确地概括了文章的主要内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our homes use a lot of energy every day. This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.___16___Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings. To protect our planet, we need to find ways to use less energy at home. Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.___17___Here are three easy things you can do. Open a window. When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner. Opening a window can let fresh air in and make your home feel cooler. If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.___18___ Use ceiling(天花板) fans. Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.___19___In some areas, using fans instead of air conditioning can reduce energy use and pollution by up to 76%. If you have a fan at home, try using it more often. Make your roof reflect sunlight. ___20___A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. This helps your home stay cooler and reduces the need for air conditioning. You can talk to a builder about special reflective roof paint. It can help you save both energy and money in the long run, A. A light roof saves much on energy bills. B. The roof gets a lot of sunlight during the day. C. They use much less energy than air conditioners. D. Therefore, air conditioners are far from satisfactory. E. However, using too much energy can cause serious problems. F. But in fact, there are simple and low-cost ways to reduce energy use. G. This simple action can save up to 45% of cooling energy, depending on the weather. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇环保类说明文，主要介绍了三种家庭节能措施。 【16题详解】 根据首段第二句“This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.(这种能量用于照明、加热、冷却和运行家用电器等目的)”以及空后的句子“Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings.(事实上，世界上超过四分之一的二氧化碳——一种使地球变得更暖的气体——来自建筑中使用的能源)”可知，空既要承接第二句的能源话题，又要引出二氧化碳排放这一负面情况。选项E表示“然而，使用过多的能源会导致严重问题”满足承上启下的作用。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据首段第二空前一句“Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.(许多人认为他们必须购买新的、昂贵的设备来节约能源)”以及空后的句子“Here are three easy things you can do.(这里有三件你可以做的简单的事)”可知，空要引出“有办法减少能源使用”这一话题才能起到承上启下的作用。选项F表示“但事实上，有一些简单而低成本的方法可以减少能源的使用”符合要求。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据“Open a window.”部分首句“When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner.(天气不是太热时，比如在春天或晚上，你不需要总是开空调)”以及空前的句子“If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.(如果你打开房间相对两侧的两扇窗户，空气就能流通，使房间感觉更舒适)”可知，空要说明天气的情况与开窗的方式结合在一起能节能以承接上文。选项G表示“这个简单的动作可以节省高达45%的冷却能源，具体取决于天气”符合要求，而且weather这个词是原词复现。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据“Use ceiling fans.”部分首句“Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.(风扇不会使空气变冷，但它们会使空气流动，这有助于人们感觉更凉爽)”可知，这是描述风扇的情况，空在其后，要和该句保持话题一致，即主语要用fans或they。选项C表示“它们使用的能源比空调少得多”符合要求，they是原词复现。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据“Make your roof reflect sunlight.”部分中的“A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. (深色屋顶会吸收热量，而白色或银色屋顶则会将阳光反射出去)”可知，这是描述屋顶颜色与吸热、反射阳光的关系。空在它之前，要总述屋顶与阳光的关系才能引出下文内容。B选项表示“屋顶在白天获得大量的阳光”符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The power of passion and perseverance (坚持不懈) At 27, I left a very demanding job for another that was even more demanding: teaching. What ____21____ me was that IQ wasn’t the only ____22____ between my best and worst students—some of my strongest performers didn’t have high IQ scores. That set me ____23____. Things one needs to learn in seventh grade are sure ____24____, but not impossible. I was firmly ____25____ that every student could learn well if they worked hard enough. In education, IQ is considered ____26____, but doing well in school and in life ____27____ on much more than your ability to learn quickly and easily. So I ____28____ the classroom, and went to graduate school to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super ____29____ settings, and in every study, my question was: who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. We tried to predict which soldier would stay in military training and which would ____30____. We went to the Scripps National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would ____31____ farthest in competition and win. In all those different contexts, one characteristic ____32____ as a significant predictor of success. It wasn’t IQ. It was grit (毅力). Grit is ____33____ and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is ____34____ your future, day in and day out, and working really hard to make that future a ____35____. Grit is living life like it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑比赛). 21. A. depressed B. struck C. trapped D. embarrassed 22. A. gap B. link C. balance D. choice 23. A. imagining B. debating C. thinking D. dreaming 24. A. fantastic B. tough C. typical D. interesting 25. A. determined B. expected C. protected D. convinced 26. A. automatic B. adjustable C. crucial D. common 27. A. decides B. calls C. takes D. depends 28. A. monitored B. left C. missed D. moved 29. A. frightening B. boring C. challenging D. puzzling 30. A. drop out B. put up C. turn around D. pay off 31. A. sacrifice B. advance C. qualify D. analyze 32. A. faded B. remained C. happened D. emerged 33. A. passion B. talent C. reason D. demand 34. A. agreeing with B. dealing with C. going with D. sticking with 35. A. mark B. goal C. reality D. lesson 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了作者通过研究得出：成功的关键是毅力。毅力是对长期目标的激情和坚持，日复一日地坚持你的未来，并且努力工作使未来成为现实。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我印象深刻的是，智商并不是我最好的学生和最差的学生之间唯一的差距——我的一些表现最好的学生的智商分数并不高。A. depressed使沮丧；B. struck给……印象；突然想到；C. trapped把……困住；D. embarrassed使尴尬。由下文“IQ wasn’t the only____2___between my best and worst students—some of my strongest performers didn’t have high IQ scores.”可知，智商并不是我最好的学生和最差的学生之间唯一的差距，这令我印象深刻，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我印象深刻的是，智商并不是我最好的学生和最差的学生之间唯一的差距——我的一些表现最好的学生的智商分数并不高。A. gap差距；B. link联系；C. balance平衡；D. choice选择。由下文“between my best and worst students—some of my strongest performers didn’t have high IQ scores.”可知，我的一些表现最好的学生的智商分数并不高，这说明智商并不是我最好的学生和最差的学生之间唯一的差距，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我开始思考。A. imagining想象；B. debating辩论；C. thinking想；思考；D. dreaming做梦。由下文“Things one needs to learn in seventh grade are sure ___4____, but not impossible.”和上文提到的智商并不是我最好的学生和最差的学生之间唯一的差距可知，在意识到智商并不是我最好的学生和最差的学生之间唯一的差距后，我开始对此思考，并进行研究，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人需要在七年级学习的东西确实很难，但学好并非不可能。A. fantastic极好的；B. tough艰难的，困难的；C. typical典型的；D. interesting有趣的。由下文“but not impossible.”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然七年级学习的知识很难，但是却能学好，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坚信，如果每个学生足够努力，他们就能学好。A. determined有决心的；B. expected预料的；C. protected受保护的；D. convinced确信的。由下文“that every student could learn well if they worked hard enough.”可知，如果每个学生足够努力，他们就能学好，这是我坚信的事情，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在教育中，智商被认为是至关重要的，但是在学校和生活中做得好不仅仅取决于你快速轻松学习的能力。A. automatic主动的；B. adjustable可调整的；C. crucial关键的，至关重要的；D. common共同的。由下文“your ability to learn quickly and easily.”和常识可知，智商被认为是至关重要的。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在教育中，智商被认为是至关重要的，但是在学校和生活中做得好不仅仅取决于你快速轻松学习的能力。A. decides决定；B. calls打电话；C. takes拿走；D. depends取决于。由下文“on much more than your ability to learn quickly and easily.”和上文提到的“every student could learn well if they worked hard enough.”可知，努力学习是比较重要的，这说明在学校和生活中做得好不仅仅取决于你快速轻松学习的能力，还取决于努力学习，depend on固定搭配，意为“取决于”，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我离开了教室，去读研究生，成为了一名心理学家。A. monitored监测；B. left离开；C. missed错过；D. moved移动。由下文“went to graduate school to become a psychologist.”可知，我去读研究生，成为了一名心理学家，这说明我离开了学校，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始在各种极具挑战性的环境中研究儿童和成年人，在每一项研究中，我的问题都是：谁在这里取得了成功？ 为什么？A. frightening可怕的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。由上文“I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super”和下文“settings”以及下文提到的“My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. ”“We went to the Scripps National Spelling Bee”我到一些具有挑战性的环境中研究可知，我在各种极具挑战性的环境中研究儿童和成年人，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们试图预测哪些士兵会继续接受军事训练，哪些会退出。A. drop out辍学，退出；B. put up张贴；C. turn around转身；D. pay off还清。由上文“We tried to predict which soldier would stay in military training and which would”和上文提到的我研究的问题是：谁在这里取得了成功？为什么？可知，我预测哪些士兵会继续接受军事训练，哪些会退出，以此来研究谁会取得成功，以及为什么。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们来到全美拼字比赛，试图预测哪些孩子在比赛中进步最快并获胜。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. advance前进，进步；C. qualify使有资格；D. analyze分析。由下文“farthest in competition and win.”可知，我预测哪些孩子在比赛中进步最快，然后获胜，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些不同的背景下，一个特征出现，成为成功的重要预测因素。A. faded褪色；B. remained提醒；C. happened发生；D. emerged出现。由下文“as a significant predictor of success.”“It was grit (毅力)”和上文提到的我进行一系列的研究可知，经过研究，我发现，一个特征，即毅力，出现成为成功的重要预测因素，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毅力是对长期目标的激情和坚持。A. passion激情；B. talent天赋；C. reason原因；D. demand要求。由下文“and perseverance for very long-term goals.”可知，毅力需要对长期目标有激情，且坚持，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：毅力就是日复一日地坚持你的未来，并且努力工作使未来成为现实。A. agreeing with同意；B. dealing with解决；C going with相配；D. sticking with坚持。由下文“your future, day in and day out”和上文提到的毅力是长期目标的激情和坚持可知，毅力是对长期目标的坚持，即需要日复一日地坚持。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毅力就是日复一日地坚持你的未来，并且努力工作使未来成为现实。A. mark记号；B. goal目标；C. reality真实，现实；D. lesson课。由上文“working really hard to make that future a”可知，努力工作是为了使未来成为现实，故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an ecological barrier and a golden waterway, the Yangtze River plays ____36____ important role in China’s social and economic development. Accounting for 43.1 percent of the nation’s total population and 47 percent of its GDP, the Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the ____37____ (active) regions in China. At present, a green industry system is being shaped along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, ____38____ the green transition (转变) of traditional industries speeding up. The region is developing sectors such as electric vehicles, ____39____ (support) by green funds and bonds to finance technological innovation (革新). In the future, the belt needs ____40____ (strengthen) ecological protection, including further improving regulation and ____41____ (reduce) pollution and carbon emissions. Inter-provincial cooperation is essential for green growth. ____42____ (similar), working together with Belt and Road Initiative partners ____43____ (be) of great significance. Finally, it should also upgrade traditional industries, improve resource use and build a green-tech innovation system, ____44____ can better promote sustainable development. By making use of ____45____ (it) strengths in green industries, the region can contribute to global pollution control and climate action. 【答案】36. an 37. most active 38. with 39. supported 40. to strengthen 41. reducing 42. Similarly 43. is 44. which 45. its 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了长江作为生态屏障和黄金水道意义重大，其经济带正形成绿色产业体系，未来需加强生态保护、合作及产业升级，助力全球环保。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为一道生态屏障和一条黄金水道，长江在中国的社会和经济发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。短语play an important role in表示“发挥至关重要的作用”。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查最高级。句意：长江经济带占全国总人口的43.1%以及国内生产总值的47%，是中国最为活跃的地区之一。此处为one of+最高级+复数名词。故填most active。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：目前，沿长江经济带正在形成一个绿色产业体系，传统产业的绿色转型也在加速推进。此处为with的复合结构：with+名词+现在分词，作状语。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该地区正在发展电动汽车等产业，并借助绿色基金和债券来为技术创新提供资金支持。空处为非谓语动词作定语，support与region构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填supported。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来，这条带状区域需要加强生态保护工作，包括进一步完善监管措施，并减少污染和碳排放。短语need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”。故填to strengthen。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来，这条带状区域需要加强生态保护工作，包括进一步完善监管措施，并减少污染和碳排放。空处作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填reducing。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：同样，与“一带一路”倡议的合作伙伴携手合作具有重要意义。修饰后文句子用副词similarly，首字母大写。故填Similarly。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：同样，与“一带一路”倡议的合作伙伴携手合作具有重要意义。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语用单数。故填is。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最后，还应推动传统产业转型升级，提高资源利用效率，并构建绿色技术创新体系，从而更好地促进可持续发展。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的主句，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：通过发挥其在绿色产业方面的优势，该地区能够为全球的污染控制和气候行动做出贡献。修饰名词strengths用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是西学社（Western Culture Club）社长李华，你将在社团招新活动中发表一分钟演讲向同学们宣传西学社，内容包括： (1)介绍社团概况； (2)邀请学生加入。 注意： (1)写作词数应120左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua, president of the Western Culture Club. Our club is a dynamic community that thrives on curiosity and a passion for learning. Every week, we dive into engaging discussions, and every month, we host cultural events that transport you to the heart of Western traditions. From thought-provoking film screenings to enlightening guest lectures, there’s always something exciting happening. Whether you’re a curious beginner or an experienced enthusiast the Western Culture Club is your perfect fit. Our activities are crafted to be both fun and educational, ensuring that everyone finds value and enjoyment. It’s not just about learning; it’s about connecting with like-minded individuals and broadening your horizons in a supportive and lively environment. So, what are you waiting for? Join us and become a part of this incredible journey. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以西学社社长李华的身份，在社团招新活动中发表一分钟演讲，向同学们宣传西学社，内容需包含社团概况介绍及邀请学生加入。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 充满活力的：dynamic→energetic 热衷于：thrive on→be passionate about 引发思考的：thought-provoking→mind-stimulating 志同道合的：like-minded→like-spirited 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：From thought-provoking film screenings to enlightening guest lectures, there’s always something exciting happening. 拓展句：There’s always something exciting happening, which ranges from thought-provoking film screenings to enlightening guest lectures. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our club is a dynamic community that thrives on curiosity and a passion for learning.（运用了that引导的定语从句修饰community） 【高分句型2】Whether you’re a curious beginner or an experienced enthusiast, the Western Culture Club is your perfect fit.（运用了“whether...or...”引导的让步状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Shanti longed for the wooden doll in Ramu’s toy shop for weeks. The one with the red dress that shone in the sunlight. Determined to buy it, she came up with a plan. She would make jasmine garlands (茉莉花环) and sell them at her aunt’s market stand. Her best friend Jodi was eager to join her. Early the next morning, the girls met at the jasmine garden outside of Shanti’s house. Delicate white flowers surrounded them with fresh scents. They nipped (掐) flowers with their fingers and dropped them into a basket. Then the girls sat under a mango tree and knotted the flowers into garlands. Shanti could already picture herself holding that doll, imagining the joy of owning it. “If we sell enough, we can each buy one,” she said with a smile. But Jodi shook her head. She explained that her family was struggling financially that week, and instead of using her earnings for a doll, she would buy medicine for her sick little brother, Kiran. She then picked up her garlands. “My mother is expecting me. I’ll meet you at the market.” Later, Shanti spent the afternoon selling her garlands while waiting for Jodi. By evening, Shanti had sold all of hers, but there was still no sign of her friend. Just as Shanti was heading home, she spotted Jodi coming to the market with her garlands, looking exhausted. Jodi explained that she had been taking care of Kiran while her mother was at work, and that’s why she was late. Shanti’s heart sank as she realized her friend wouldn’t be able to make enough money for the medicine in time. She looked at the small amount of money she had earned, which had been meant for the doll she had dreamed of for so long. In that moment, the desire for the doll seemed so insignificant. Without a second thought, she handed Jodi the money. “Keep this for Kiran’s medicine,” Shanti said softly. Jodi’s eyes were filled with gratitude, but Shanti smiled, knowing she had made the right choice. 注意: (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式作答。 The next week, as Shanti and Jodi gathered flowers, Kiran came. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shanti rushed to the shop, only to be told the doll was sold. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next week, as Shanti and Jodi gathered flowers, Kiran came. He happily nipped flowers, laughter ringing through the garden, his cheeks rosy with health. “Thank you for what you did,” Jodi whispered. Shanti felt the warmth springing in her heart. With garlands ready, they walked to the market together. After Jodi and Kiran’s being called back by their mother, Shanti stayed behind, selling the last of the garlands with a sense of pride and achievement. As she counted the coins, a thrill surged through her — eventually, she had earned enough to buy the doll! (84 words) Shanti rushed to the shop, only to be told the doll was sold. Shanti stood frozen for a moment, her heart sinking. She had imagined holding the doll so many times, but now it was gone! She slowly picked up her money and ran out of the door before Ramu could see her tears. Just as she turned the corner, she saw Jodi and Kiran waiting with bright smiles. Jodi held out a small package — inside was the wooden doll in the red dress! “We all saved together,” Jodi said. Shanti hugged them tightly, her heart full of joy and gratitude. (89 words) 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Shanti渴望得到Ramu玩具店里的一个木制玩偶，她计划通过制作并出售茉莉花环来赚钱购买。她的好朋友Jodi也想加入，但后来Jodi解释说她家经济困难，她需要用赚来的钱给生病的小弟弟买药，而不是买玩偶。Shanti在市场上卖完了自己的花环，但Jodi因为照顾弟弟而迟到。当Shanti意识到Jodi可能无法及时赚到足够的钱买药时，她毫不犹豫地将自己赚来的钱给了Jodi，让她为弟弟买药。Shanti放弃了长久以来的梦想玩偶，但她知道这是正确的选择。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“第二周，当Shanti和Jodi在采花时，Kiran来了。”可知，第一段可描写Jodi因为Shanti所做的事情表示感谢以及Shanti卖花环攒够买洋娃娃的钱的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“Shanti冲向商店，却被告知洋娃娃已经卖掉了。”可知，第二段可描写被告知洋娃娃卖掉之后Shanti的心情，Jodi和Kiran攒钱买来了洋娃娃送给Shanti以及Shanti的感激之情。 2.续写线索：表示感谢——卖花环——攒够足够的钱——感到失落——Jodi和Kiran送出娃娃——心中充满喜悦与感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①购买：buy/purchase ②想象：imagine/visualize ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①高兴地：happily/cheerfully ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] Shanti stood frozen for a moment, her heart sinking.（运用了独立主格结构作状语） [高分句型2] She slowly picked up her money and ran out of the door before Ramu could see her tears.（运用了before引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$