精品解析：天津市新华中学2026-2027学年上学期高三年级第一次月考英语学科试卷

新华中学2027届高三年级第一学期第一次阶段性练习反馈 英语学科 本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，用时100分钟。 将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。 第I卷 注意事项： 1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2．本试卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The airport ________ in a couple of years ahead will help promote tourism in this area. A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. to complete 2. On the day of her promotion, she took out the bottle of wine that she had saved for a special ________. A. treatment B. occasion C. occupation D. movement 3. You were rude to your mother, you should make an apology. A. whom B. for which C. for whom D. which 4. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ____ that someone was moving about upstairs. A. whisper B. signal C. declare D. complain 5. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ________. A. carefully B. unwillingly C. closely D. blindly 6. I wonder what makes him a good English teacher. He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot. A. has served B. serves C. had served D. served 7. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job ________ her confidence and flexibility. A. in response to B. in terms of C. by virtue of D. on top of 8. In 1776, two Spanish men were seeking a way to travel from Santa Fe, in________ is now New Mexico, to California on the west coast of North America. A. where B. that C. which D. what 9. ________they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 10. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has________. A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up 11. — Jenny’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for her. — ________ I’ll bring some wine. A. Sounds like fun. B. Just a minute. C. It depends. D. You are welcome. 12. Despite being faced with enormous financial crises, the ________ CEO managed to ________ the challenge, eventually steering her tech empire out of the storm. A. tough; rise to B. tough; run into C. rough; rise to D. rough; run into 13. ______ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ______ her. A. Warned; accompanied B. Having warned; accompanying C. Warning; accompanying D. Having been warned; accompanying 14. — Penny’s baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table. — Luckily for her. She ______ sick or even died. A. could have got B. should have got C. must have got D. will have got 15. —I’ll have an important meeting this weekend, so I can’t go fishing with you. —______. I thought we could have a good time together. A. Go for it B. You said it C. No wonder D. What a shame 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I was born with a genetic disease that causes severe weakness in my limbs (肢体). My ____16____ means I’ve never been able to stand or walk, but in the water, I was weightless and could move more ____17____. So my ____18____ memories of my childhood are of learning to swim in school P.E. lessons. It was the only sport I was ever able to ____19____ participate in, without being assigned to watch. Back in class, with wet-hair and sore eyes, I felt like a(n) ____20____. As I approached adolescence, I underwent further surgery, which left me even less ____21____. Visiting the hydrotherapy (水疗法) pool was a final ____22____ to return to the water. I now needed specialist equipment to get me into the pool. It was a stressful, ____23____ experience, far from the fun I remembered. I knew I would never ____24____ again! I cried the whole way home. My tears weren’t just because of the loss — they were a(n) _____25_____, too. I made the decision: I was never going back in the water again. For the first time as a young adult I had to _____26_____ myself. Like other disabled people who are always forced to fit in, I often feel a social _____27_____ to push myself, to ignore my body’s needs, to be a high achiever, _____28_____ pain or exhaustion. Giving up on swimming was a tough lesson about accepting the _____29_____ of my body. It was the first big loss in my life, but I know there will be others as I age. I’ve learned it’s OK to _____30_____ what my body could do before, but it’s also important to find ways to adapt and _____31_____ what I can do. I joined a dance group for disabled performers. We don’t aim for perfect technique; we move with feeling. It taught me that joy doesn’t require physical freedom. It comes from fully embracing who you are. This shift in mindset has _____32_____ every part of my life. I no longer see my body as a _____33_____. Instead, I see it as a unique vessel that carries my spirit, my dreams, and my resilience. This journey has taught me that strength isn’t about never falling. It’s about falling, grieving the loss, and then finding new ways to move forward. We all have our own limitations, whether visible or hidden. The true courage lies not in overcoming them, but in learning to live peacefully _____34_____ them, and finding beauty and purpose within the boundaries we are _____35_____. 16. A. fear B. disability C. life D. experience 17. A. freely B. slowly C. cautiously D. gracefully 18. A. fondest B. bitterest C. earliest D. shortest 19. A. frequently B. fully C. independently D. typically 20. A. equal B. human C. amateur D. winner 21. A. painful B. active C. energetic D. mobile 22. A. attempt B. excuse C. option D. chance 23. A. alarming B. rewarding C. amazing D. relaxing 24. A. play B. exercise C. swim D. compete 25. A. sacrifice B. commitment C. resolution D. warning 26. A. give in to B. look out for C. advocate for D. get away with 27. A. pressure B. tendency C. desire D. demand 28. A. regardless B. through C. without D. despite 29. A. functions B. signals C. potential D. limitations 30. A. regret B. deny C. miss D. forget 31. A. handle B. imagine C. change D. enjoy 32. A. reflected B. improved C. transformed D. controlled 33. A. burden B. shame C. barrier D. failure 34. A. among B. alongside C. against D. beyond 35. A. given B. reached C. created D. defined 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Old Furniture Falling Apart? Let Southwark Carpenters (木匠) help. Want a walk-in wardrobe (衣柜)? Fancy a fitted kitchen? Or just want to replace your old floorboards? We custom-build furniture and fittings to work with your house, and your vision. We work with a variety of trade suppliers to build you items out of the finest quality woods at the lowest reasonable price. To receive a quote for your work, please send us an email or pick up the phone and let us know: (1) the work to be completed; (2) the dimensions of the item / flooring to be created; (3) the material to be used; (4) the timeline for the work to be completed. That gives us enough information to create a custom quote, then you can review it and book an in-person discussion with one of our professionals. We’re excellent at creating wonderful fittings and furniture with woods. Give us a call and let our knowledgeable staff talk you through your options. CONTACT US TODAY 020 79460345 CALLS ANSWERED 24 HOURS A DAY Hear what our customers have to say (a selection of our reviews): “George was professional, friendly, and went the extra mile to finish the job on the same day. Thank you.” Trankle (Kent) “Will definitely use it again and recommend it to our friends. Lee did such a great job making our custom wardrobe.” Loren (Hampshire) “We got a quote for some work from a different carpentry company that seemed quite high. Sarah was able to get the work done for half of our initial quote, and didn’t lower the quality!” Dancy (Sussex) “Klaus has done a couple of carpentry projects for us. He is 100% reliable and a real artisan.” Herbert (Surrey) 36. Which work is Southwark Carpenters capable of? A. Laying new flooring. B. Custom-building a house. C. Repairing old furniture. D. Supplying good-quality woods. 37. What do you need to do for a carpentry service? A. Email the staff your budget. B. Make a phone call during the day. C. Discuss with the staff online. D. Provide related data in advance. 38. Who praised Southwark Carpenters for its low price? A. Trankle. B. Loren. C. Dancy. D. Herbert. 39. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of Southwark Carpenters? A. It provides customized service. B. It has knowledgeable staff. C. It works with various trade suppliers to provide the best woods. D. It ensures a full refund in case of customer dissatisfaction. 40. What is the text probably? A. A notice. B. An email. C. An advertisement. D. A speech. B I’m in Wookey Hole Cave, part of a network of underground caves in the British village of Wookey Hole, Somerset. Caves, Phil Short tells me, are “alive”. They breathe — though their entrances are often small, they exchange gases with the outside world. “Today’s a hot day,” explains Short, one of the world’s foremost cave explorers and divers. “The atmospheric pressure outside is high, but yesterday was cold so the pressure here is low. If air pressure outside the cave is greater than inside, air moves into the cave and vice versa. Another day it might be freezing cold outside and warm here — and it breathes the other direction.” “Caving is not an irritative sport,” says Short. “If you go back to the golden era of exploration — the search for the source of the Nile and the race for the South Pole — there were no satellites, no airplanes. Caving is the last realm where true, pure exploration is possible. When you enter an unexplored cave, you’re going to a place on the planet where nothing — no drone, no modern technology — has been before.” Scientist Romanos Davranoglou led Expedition Cyclops to the Cyclops Mountains in Indonesia. In a cave, they saw new underground species like blind spiders and a whip scorpion — all new to science. “The discovery of each new species can tell you about the evolution of a whole family,” says Davranoglou. “It can help you understand how organisms were distributed in the past and what factors drove the speciation of different groups. Using the data, we can also understand future factors affecting species distributions and their fates.” “Caves need to be protected,” says Hazel Barton, a professor. For more than 20 years, Barton has been studying microscopic life, found deep underground, that can survive extreme starvation. “A kilometer from the entrance, there’s still photosynthesis,” says Barton. “But it’s pushed into the near-infrared wavelength. Some stars emit only in those wavelengths, and this could help us understand extraterrestrial life.” Cave explorers are like being an astronaut without leaving Earth. “You’re the first to see and leave footprints. In the future 10,000 years, the footprints I made in New Mexico’s Lechuguilla Cave might still remain,” says Barton. 41. What does Short indicate by explaining the air in caves? A. Temperatures are low in deep caves. B. Air is critical in cave exploration. C. Cave explorers need to take a breath. D. Caves are like a living thing. 42. What can be inferred from Short’s comparison between caving and the golden era of exploration? A. Caving is more dangerous than the explorations in the golden era. B. The true value of exploration lies in facing the unknown without modern aids. C. Modern technology has made today’s exploration less meaningful than before. D. The golden era explorers achieved more than today’s cave explorers. 43. What is the purpose of the fourth paragraph? A. To show the scientific value of cave exploration. B. To explain how new species are named. C. To describe the living conditions of blind spiders. D. To compare caves in Indonesia with those in Britain. 44. How does Hazel Barton feel about her cave exploration experiences? A. Regretful and cautious. B. Doubtful and hesitant. C. Proud and appreciative. D. Indifferent and uninterested. 45. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Caves are dangerous places that require special skills to explore. B. Modern technology has made cave exploration less challenging. C. Caves are mainly useful for studying microscopic life forms. D. Cave exploration offers scientific, ecological and exploratory value. C Liu Jiakun, unveiled as 2025’s laureate of the Pritzker Prize, often dubbed “the Nobel Prize of architecture”, has spent much of his four-decade career designing understated academic buildings, museums and public spaces in his home city of Chengdu. His hyper-local and self-admittedly “low-tech” techniques have come at the expense of a distinctive aesthetic (美学). In China’s era of architectural excess, Liu has instead quietly thrived by letting each site — and the history, nature and craft traditions surrounding it — shape his designs, not vice versa. In its quote, the Pritzker Prize judges praised Liu for precisely that: having “a strategy instead of a style”. Explaining his approach, the 68-year-old architect said he tried to act “like water”. “I try my best to penetrate and understand the place…and then, when the time is right, it will solidify (凝固), and the idea of the building will appear,” he said. “A fixed style is a double-edged sword. It can make others remember you quickly, but it also binds you and makes you lose a certain freedom.” Liu’s firm, Jiakun Architects, has completed over 30 projects — all in China — in almost as many years. The architect has often turned to his country’s history for inspiration. But these nods to the past are never for history’s sake alone, Liu said. “Traditional forms are the results of the culture, technology and people’s philosophy of survival at that time. If we only focus on the superficial results, we will stop at that time. But if we use current technology and methods, and if elements of traditional architecture are reinterpreted for functional, modern use, then there’s a continuation of tradition.” Indeed, China’s cities are flooded with examples of the opposite, whereby curved roofs are added to otherwise characterless structures in the pursuit of an ill-defined “Chinese-ness”. The Shujingfang Museum has been constructed using similarly thoughtful building blocks: “Rebirth Bricks”. Created by Liu’s firm using rubble from the Wenchuan earthquake, the reconstructed bricks have been employed in several of his projects. “It’s an innovation that symbolizes why Liu is celebrated for practicing a kind of everyday architecture in which local context reigns large.” 46. What is Liu’s core design philosophy? A. Prioritizing distinct personal styles. B. Allowing the site to shape the design. C. Reviving ancient building techniques. D. Creating recognizable urban landmarks. 47. What does Liu’s “like water” approach imply? A. Maintaining the architectural flexibility. B. Focusing on the freedom in building spaces. C. Adopting water-resistant building materials. D. Considering the effectiveness of flowing water. 48. How does Liu view traditional architectural forms? A. They should show the respect to the past. B. They determine a building’s “Chinese-ness”. C. They represent outdated cultural values. D. They must satisfy current functional needs. 49. What does the “Rebirth Bricks” example demonstrate? A. The cost-effective construction methods. B. The architectural responses to local settings. C. The technological advances in brickmaking. D. The rebirth of local traditional architecture. 50. What does the underlined phrase “reigns large” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Is strictly controlled. B. Plays a dominant role. C. Gradually disappears. D. Receives compliments. D On my way to Kennedy International Airport, I grip the wheel tightly, swerving across three lanes of expressway traffic at 50 miles per hour to reach the exit. Minutes later, still shaken from my move, I hear a cheerful, disembodied voice instructing me to re-enter the expressway I had just exited. I curse at my phone. For all the discussion of the many extraordinary ways algorithms have changed our society and our lives, one of the most impactful often escapes notice. You may have heard the extreme stories, such as when navigation apps apparently steered drivers into lakes and onto impassable dirt roads. Primarily programmed to find the fastest route, they endanger and annoy us on a remarkably regular basis. Worse, the promised time savings are often a fantasy. These products should be regulated with greater acknowledgment of the uncertainties involved in predicting unexpected slowdowns and road closures. I am firmly of the belief that the algorithms are often optimizing for time savings that are smaller than their margin of error. I shouldn’t dismiss the fact that digital maps have been transformational and empowering. Now, however, these maps don’t seem to have changed very much. It doesn’t have to be like this. A navigation app could consider factors such as the safety impact of changing many lanes with little notice. Imagine instructing the app to avoid jumping on and off highways, or to take the scenic route if the added driving time is under 10 percent. To be clear, this type of customization is possible. Porsche offers in its navigation app a choice of routes “tailored to your driving style”, defined as “curvy, fast or balanced”. On a recent trip to Chicago, I couldn’t get my app to offer me the option to take the beautiful Lake Shore Drive on Lake Michigan along my route. It only offered me the Dan Ryan Expressway, a 14-lane leviathan. Sure, it was theoretically a minute or two faster, but it is also an unpleasant experience filled with 18-wheelers and prone to accidents and slowdowns. So when you have to use a popular driving app, take its directions with a huge grain of salt. 51. Why does the author tell his driving experience at the beginning? A. To criticize the traffic design of expressways. B. To illustrate the flaws of navigation apps. C. To demonstrate his poor sense of direction. D. To show the dangers of distracted driving. 52. What does the author think we tend to overlook concerning navigation apps? A. Their potential for improving driving safety. B. Their ability to save significant time. C. Their failure to predict traffic patterns accurately. D. Their significant impact on society. 53. What does the author imply by saying “the algorithms are often optimizing for time savings that are smaller than their margin of error” (paragraph 4)? A. Navigation apps intentionally exaggerate their efficiency. B. Drivers should add extra time to every trip they take. C. Navigation apps are honest about their time estimates. D. The time saved by using navigation apps is usually unreliable. 54. What can be inferred about the author’s ideal navigation app? A. It should completely replace human decision-making. B. It should prioritize the fastest route regardless of driving experience. C. It should offer customizable options for route preferences. D. It should avoid highways and expressways altogether. 55. What does the underlined phrase “with a huge grain of salt” in the last paragraph mean? A. With creative adaptation. B. With full attention. C. With minimal preparation. D. With great caution. 第Ⅱ卷 注意事项： 1．用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2．本卷共6题，共35分。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Diana Nyad, born in 1949, is one of the world's greatest long-distance swimmers. She started as a speed swimmer, winning races in high school and dreaming of the Olympics. However, Nyad fell ill with heart disease before she could compete in the 1968 Olympic Games and had to spend three months in bed. By the time Nyad was better, she was unable to swim as fast as she had previously. Nyad then turned from speed swimming to distance swimming. Her first race was 10 miles in the cold waters of Lake Ontario. Even though she came in tenth place, she was the first woman ever to complete the course. In 1974, Nyad set a record while swimming a 22-mile race in the Bay of Naples, Italy. That same year she tried to swim back and forth across Lake Ontario, a total of 64 miles. Nyad made it across the lake, but on the return trip, she lost consciousness and had to be pulled from the water. In 1975, she swam around Manhattan Island, a distance of 28 miles, in a record of 7 hours and 57 minutes. Three years later she swam 102 miles from the Bahamas to Florida. In 2010, at the age of 61, Nyad announced she would swim from Cuba to Florida. In order to train, Nyad spent as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. The swim from Cuba to Florida would last at least 60 hours and cover 103 miles. Unfortunately, bad weather forced Nyad to wait until the next year. In 2011, Nyad attempted the swim but was blown off course after being in the water for 29 hours. Nyad attempted the swim again a few months later, but she had to stop because of too many jellyfish stings (海蜇蜇伤）. Despite these setbacks, Nyad continues to preserve and plans to eventually make the Cuba-to-Florida swim. She has made a vow (誓言）to never stop swimming and wants other older Americans to understand that it is never too late to make one's dreams come true. 56. What made Nyad fail to participate in the 1968 Olympic Games? (No more than 5 words) 57. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? (No more than 10 words) 58. How did Nyad make preparations for her swimming from Cuba to Florida? (No more than 15 words) 59. What does the underlined word “setbacks” in the last paragraph mean? (Only 1 word) 60. What inspiration do you learn from Nyad’s stories and experiences? (No more than 25 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Smith对中国传统文化很感兴趣，想要了解中秋节。请你写信向他介绍中国的传统节日——中秋节。包括以下要点：(1)中秋节的时间；(2)中秋节的习俗，如家人团聚，吃月饼，赏月；(3)邀请他明年的中秋和你一起过节。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely Lihua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新华中学2027届高三年级第一学期第一次阶段性练习反馈 英语学科 本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，用时100分钟。 将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。 第I卷 注意事项： 1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2．本试卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The airport ________ in a couple of years ahead will help promote tourism in this area. A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. to complete 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座将于几年后建成的机场将有助于促进该地区的旅游业发展。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，in a couple of years ahead表示将来，airport与complete是被动关系，所以此处用不定式的被动形式to be completed。 2. On the day of her promotion, she took out the bottle of wine that she had saved for a special ________. A. treatment B. occasion C. occupation D. movement 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在她升职那天，她拿出了那瓶为特殊场合珍藏的酒。A. treatment治疗；B. occasion场合；C. occupation职业；D. movement运动。根据前文“On the day of her promotion”可知，这是一个特殊“场合”，因此选B。 3. You were rude to your mother, you should make an apology. A. whom B. for which C. for whom D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你对你妈妈很粗鲁，你应该为此道歉。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，此处表示因这件事道歉，make an apology for sth.为固定搭配，表示“因……某事道歉”，所以空处应用for which引导从句。故选B项。 4. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ____ that someone was moving about upstairs. A. whisper B. signal C. declare D. complain 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了能够被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。A.whisper低声说，私语；B.signal发信号，（用手势）示意；C.declare（正式）宣称；D.complain抱怨。根据上文“she pointed her finger upwards”，可知是用手势示意，故选B。 5. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ________. A. carefully B. unwillingly C. closely D. blindly 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：教育的目的是教会年轻人独立思考，不要盲目追随他人。A. carefully仔细地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. closely紧密地；D. blindly盲目地。根据前文“think for themselves”可知，不要“盲目地”跟随别人，因此选D。 6. I wonder what makes him a good English teacher. He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot. A. has served B. serves C. had served D. served 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——我不知道是什么使他成为一个好的英语老师。——他在英国做了两年的志愿者，这对他的工作帮助很大。这里指在过去某段时间内发生过的事，在陈述一件过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态，故答案为D。 7. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job ________ her confidence and flexibility. A. in response to B. in terms of C. by virtue of D. on top of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管缺少必要的工作经验，我的表妹凭借自信和应变能力得到了这份工作。A. in response to作为回应；B. in terms of就……而言；C. by virtue of凭借；D. on top of除……之外。根据前文“got the job”以及后文“her confidence and flexibility”可知，她是“凭借”这些特质获得工作。 8. In 1776, two Spanish men were seeking a way to travel from Santa Fe, in________ is now New Mexico, to California on the west coast of North America. A. where B. that C. which D. what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：1776年，两名西班牙男子正在寻找一条从圣达菲（现在的新墨西哥州）到北美西海岸的加利福尼亚州的旅行路线。分析句子结构可知，介词in后接宾语从句，从句系动词 is前面缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，用连接代词what，相当于the place that/which。故选D项。 9. ________they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意为：一旦学生决定上哪个大学，他们就应该了解一下入学手续。once在句中引导状语从句，表示“一旦”符合句意。其他几项不合题意。故选D项。 10. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has________. A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当世界上的石油被用完的时候，我们用什么充当燃料呢？动词短语give out分发，耗尽，筋疲力尽（无被动语态）；put out生产，出版，扑灭；hold up举起，支撑，耽搁，延误；use up用完，耗尽。D项要使用被动语态。故A正确。 11. — Jenny’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for her. — ________ I’ll bring some wine. A. Sounds like fun. B. Just a minute. C. It depends. D. You are welcome. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——珍妮的生日在下周六，我正计划为她办一场惊喜派对。——听起来很有趣。我会带些红酒来。A. Sounds like fun.听起来很有趣；B. Just a minute.稍等；C. It depends.视情况而定；D. You are welcome.不客气。根据后文“I’ll bring some wine”可知，说话人赞同这个计划，认为这件事“听起来很有趣”。 12. Despite being faced with enormous financial crises, the ________ CEO managed to ________ the challenge, eventually steering her tech empire out of the storm. A. tough; rise to B. tough; run into C. rough; rise to D. rough; run into 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管面临巨大的金融危机，这位坚强的首席执行官还是设法迎接了挑战，最终带领她的科技帝国走出了风暴。A. tough; rise to坚韧的；勇敢应对；B. tough; run into坚韧的；偶遇；C. rough; rise to粗糙的；勇敢应对；D. rough; run into粗糙的；偶遇。根据第一空修饰CEO，tough形容人意志顽强、坚韧，rough多形容物品粗糙，不能修饰人；第二空rise to the challenge为固定搭配，意为“迎接挑战、迎难而上”。 13. ______ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ______ her. A. Warned; accompanied B. Having warned; accompanying C. Warning; accompanying D. Having been warned; accompanying 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被警告晚上街上有危险，她不得不让一个朋友陪着回家。第一空为非谓语动词作状语，与逻辑主语she是被动关系，且“被警告”的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以应使用现在分词完成式的被动语态（having been done）；第二空为“with +宾语+宾补”结构，accompany与宾语a friend是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式作宾补，句首单词首字母需大写。故选D项。 14. — Penny’s baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table. — Luckily for her. She ______ sick or even died. A. could have got B. should have got C. must have got D. will have got 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法辨析。句意：——彭妮的小女儿险些喝了咖啡桌上的家具上光剂。——她真幸运。她本可能生病甚至死亡。A. could have got本可能做某事(实际未发生)；B. should have got本应该做某事(实际未做)；C. must have got一定做了某事(对过去事情的肯定推测)；D. will have got是将来完成时，表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。根据“narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish”以及“Luckily for her”可知，小女儿幸运地没喝到家具上光剂，否则就可能生病甚至死亡，这里是说一种本可能发生的情况。所以用could have got符合语境。故选A项。 15. —I’ll have an important meeting this weekend, so I can’t go fishing with you. —______. I thought we could have a good time together. A. Go for it B. You said it C. No wonder D. What a shame 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这个周末我有一个重要的会议，所以不能和你一起去钓鱼了。——真遗憾。我原以为我们可以一起玩得很开心。A. Go for it加油，努力去做；B. You said it你说得对；C. No wonder难怪；D. What a shame真遗憾。根据上文“can’t go fishing with you”以及下文“I thought we could have a good time together.”可知，此处是对不能一起去钓鱼表示遗憾，What a shame符合语境。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I was born with a genetic disease that causes severe weakness in my limbs (肢体). My ____16____ means I’ve never been able to stand or walk, but in the water, I was weightless and could move more ____17____. So my ____18____ memories of my childhood are of learning to swim in school P.E. lessons. It was the only sport I was ever able to ____19____ participate in, without being assigned to watch. Back in class, with wet-hair and sore eyes, I felt like a(n) ____20____. As I approached adolescence, I underwent further surgery, which left me even less ____21____. Visiting the hydrotherapy (水疗法) pool was a final ____22____ to return to the water. I now needed specialist equipment to get me into the pool. It was a stressful, ____23____ experience, far from the fun I remembered. I knew I would never ____24____ again! I cried the whole way home. My tears weren’t just because of the loss — they were a(n) _____25_____, too. I made the decision: I was never going back in the water again. For the first time as a young adult I had to _____26_____ myself. Like other disabled people who are always forced to fit in, I often feel a social _____27_____ to push myself, to ignore my body’s needs, to be a high achiever, _____28_____ pain or exhaustion. Giving up on swimming was a tough lesson about accepting the _____29_____ of my body. It was the first big loss in my life, but I know there will be others as I age. I’ve learned it’s OK to _____30_____ what my body could do before, but it’s also important to find ways to adapt and _____31_____ what I can do. I joined a dance group for disabled performers. We don’t aim for perfect technique; we move with feeling. It taught me that joy doesn’t require physical freedom. It comes from fully embracing who you are. This shift in mindset has _____32_____ every part of my life. I no longer see my body as a _____33_____. Instead, I see it as a unique vessel that carries my spirit, my dreams, and my resilience. This journey has taught me that strength isn’t about never falling. It’s about falling, grieving the loss, and then finding new ways to move forward. We all have our own limitations, whether visible or hidden. The true courage lies not in overcoming them, but in learning to live peacefully _____34_____ them, and finding beauty and purpose within the boundaries we are _____35_____. 16. A. fear B. disability C. life D. experience 17. A. freely B. slowly C. cautiously D. gracefully 18. A. fondest B. bitterest C. earliest D. shortest 19. A. frequently B. fully C. independently D. typically 20. A. equal B. human C. amateur D. winner 21. A. painful B. active C. energetic D. mobile 22. A. attempt B. excuse C. option D. chance 23. A. alarming B. rewarding C. amazing D. relaxing 24. A. play B. exercise C. swim D. compete 25. A. sacrifice B. commitment C. resolution D. warning 26. A. give in to B. look out for C. advocate for D. get away with 27. A. pressure B. tendency C. desire D. demand 28. A. regardless B. through C. without D. despite 29. A. functions B. signals C. potential D. limitations 30. A. regret B. deny C. miss D. forget 31. A. handle B. imagine C. change D. enjoy 32. A. reflected B. improved C. transformed D. controlled 33. A. burden B. shame C. barrier D. failure 34. A. among B. alongside C. against D. beyond 35. A. given B. reached C. created D. defined 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述作者身患遗传性肢体疾病，经历游泳的得与失，学会接纳身体局限并重新找寻生命快乐的故事。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的残疾意味着我永远无法站立或行走，但在水里，我没有重量，可以更自由地活动。A. fear恐惧；B. disability残疾；C. life生活；D. experience经历。根据前文“I was born with a genetic disease that causes severe weakness in my limbs (肢体).”可知，作者生来患病肢体无力，这是自身的残疾。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：我的残疾意味着我永远无法站立或行走，但在水里，我没有重量，可以更自由地活动。A. freely自由地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. gracefully优雅地。根据前文“but in the water, I was weightless”可知，在水中没有体重束缚，肢体能够自由活动。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：所以我童年最美好的回忆就是在学校体育课上学游泳。A. fondest最喜爱的，最美好的；B. bitterest最痛苦的；C. earliest最早的；D. shortest最短的。根据后文“It was the only sport I was ever able to _______ participate in, without being assigned to watch.”可知，游泳是作者唯一能完整参与的运动，这段回忆是童年最美好的。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：这是唯一一项我能够完全参与其中，而不是只能被安排旁观的体育运动。A. frequently频繁地；B. fully完全地；C. independently独立地；D. typically典型地。根据后文“without being assigned to watch”可知，作者可以全程参与这项运动，而不是只能旁观。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：回到教室，头发湿漉漉，眼睛酸涩，我感觉自己像一个胜利者。A. equal同等的人；B. human人；C. amateur业余爱好者；D. winner胜利者。根据前文“It was the only sport I was ever able to ________ participate in, without being assigned to watch”可知，作者可以完整参与游泳这项运动，不用只能旁观，所以内心觉得自己是胜利者。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：步入青春期时，我接受了更多手术，术后行动能力变得更差。A. painful疼痛的；B. active积极的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. mobile行动方便的，可活动的。根据后文“I now needed specialist equipment to get me into the pool”可知，手术后，作者需要专业设备才能下水，行动能力下降。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：去水疗泳池是回到水中的最后一次尝试。A. attempt尝试；B. excuse借口；C. option选择；D. chance机会。根据后文“It was a stressful, _______ experience, far from the fun I remembered. I knew I would never _______ again”可知，这次水疗体验糟糕，是作者最后一次尝试重返水中。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那是一段充满压力、令人不安的经历，完全不是我记忆中那种快乐的样子。A. alarming令人不安的；B. rewarding有回报的；C. amazing令人惊叹的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据前文“It was a stressful”以及“far from the fun I remembered”可知，这次下水充满压力，让人不安。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：我知道我再也不能游泳了！我一路哭着回家。A. play玩耍；B. exercise锻炼；C. swim游泳；D. compete比赛。根据前文“Visiting the hydrotherapy pool was a final ______ to return to the water”和下文“I was never going back in the water again.”可知，这次糟糕的水疗体验后，作者意识到自己无法再游泳。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的泪水不仅仅是因为失去游泳，泪水也是我的一个决定。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. commitment承诺；C. resolution决定；D. warning警告。根据后文“I made the decision: I was never going back in the water again”可知，泪水代表了自己不再下水的决定。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：成年初期，我第一次不得不为自己发声维护自己。A. give in to屈服于；B. look out for留心；C. advocate for为……辩护、维护；D. get away with侥幸逃脱。根据后文“Like other disabled people who are always forced to fit in”可知，残疾人常常被迫迎合他人，作者需要站出来维护自身需求。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：像其他残疾人一样，我常常感受到一种社会压力，迫使自己逼迫自己，忽略身体的需求，努力成为成功者，不顾疼痛与疲惫。A. pressure压力；B. tendency趋势；C. desire渴望；D. demand要求。根据后文“to push myself, to ignore my body’s needs”可知，来自社会的压力迫使作者硬撑。 【28题详解】 考查介词。句意：像其他残疾人一样，我常常感受到一种社会压力，迫使自己逼迫自己，忽略身体的需求，努力成为成功者，不顾疼痛与疲惫。A. regardless不管；B. through穿过；C. without没有；D. despite尽管，不顾。根据后文“pain or exhaustion”可知，社会期待残疾人不顾疼痛疲惫也要努力做出成绩。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：放弃游泳是一堂艰难的课，教会我接纳自己身体的局限。A. functions功能；B. signals信号；C. potential潜力；D. limitations局限。根据后文“We all have our own limitations, whether visible or hidden”可知，作者学会接纳身体本身存在的局限。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：我明白了怀念身体从前所能做到的事是正常的，但找到办法适应现状、享受自己当下能做的事同样重要。A. regret后悔；B. deny否认；C. miss怀念；D. forget忘记。根据前文“It was the first big loss in my life, but I know there will be others as I age”可知，游泳这件事是人生一次重大失去，作者会怀念过去身体能够游泳的状态。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：我明白了怀念身体从前所能做到的事是正常的，但找到办法适应现状、享受自己当下能做的事同样重要。A. handle处理；B. imagine想象；C. change改变；D. enjoy享受。根据后文“I joined a dance group for disabled performers. We don’t aim for perfect technique; we move with feeling. It taught me that joy doesn’t require physical freedom”可知，作者加入残疾人舞蹈小组，在活动中感受快乐，学会享受当下自己可以完成的事情。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：这种心态上的转变改变了我生活的方方面面。A. reflected反映；B. improved改善；C. transformed彻底改变；D. controlled控制。根据后文“I no longer see my body as a ______. Instead, I see it as a unique vessel”可知，看待自身身体的想法发生转变，改变了全部生活。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：我不再把我的身体看作一道障碍。A. burden负担；B. shame羞愧；C. barrier障碍；D. failure失败。根据后文“Instead, I see it as a unique vessel that carries my spirit, my dreams, and my resilience”可知，作者心态转变，不再将身体视作阻碍。 【34题详解】 考查介词。句意：真正的勇气不在于克服局限，而是学会与它们和平共处，在我们被赋予的边界之内寻找美好与目标。A. among在……之中；B. alongside与……并存；C. against对抗；D. beyond超出。根据前文“not in overcoming them”可知，不是战胜局限，而是与局限共存共处。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：真正的勇气不在于克服局限，而是学会与它们和平共处，在我们被赋予的边界之内寻找美好与目标。A. given给予；B. reached到达；C. created创造；D. defined定义。根据上下文，身体的局限是天生被赋予的，我们在被给予的边界里寻找美好。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Old Furniture Falling Apart? Let Southwark Carpenters (木匠) help. Want a walk-in wardrobe (衣柜)? Fancy a fitted kitchen? Or just want to replace your old floorboards? We custom-build furniture and fittings to work with your house, and your vision. We work with a variety of trade suppliers to build you items out of the finest quality woods at the lowest reasonable price. To receive a quote for your work, please send us an email or pick up the phone and let us know: (1) the work to be completed; (2) the dimensions of the item / flooring to be created; (3) the material to be used; (4) the timeline for the work to be completed. That gives us enough information to create a custom quote, then you can review it and book an in-person discussion with one of our professionals. We’re excellent at creating wonderful fittings and furniture with woods. Give us a call and let our knowledgeable staff talk you through your options. CONTACT US TODAY 020 79460345 CALLS ANSWERED 24 HOURS A DAY Hear what our customers have to say (a selection of our reviews): “George was professional, friendly, and went the extra mile to finish the job on the same day. Thank you.” Trankle (Kent) “Will definitely use it again and recommend it to our friends. Lee did such a great job making our custom wardrobe.” Loren (Hampshire) “We got a quote for some work from a different carpentry company that seemed quite high. Sarah was able to get the work done for half of our initial quote, and didn’t lower the quality!” Dancy (Sussex) “Klaus has done a couple of carpentry projects for us. He is 100% reliable and a real artisan.” Herbert (Surrey) 36. Which work is Southwark Carpenters capable of? A. Laying new flooring. B. Custom-building a house. C. Repairing old furniture. D. Supplying good-quality woods. 37. What do you need to do for a carpentry service? A. Email the staff your budget. B. Make a phone call during the day. C. Discuss with the staff online. D. Provide related data in advance. 38. Who praised Southwark Carpenters for its low price? A. Trankle. B. Loren. C. Dancy. D. Herbert. 39. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of Southwark Carpenters? A. It provides customized service. B. It has knowledgeable staff. C. It works with various trade suppliers to provide the best woods. D. It ensures a full refund in case of customer dissatisfaction. 40. What is the text probably? A. A notice. B. An email. C. An advertisement. D. A speech. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍Southwark Carpenters木工服务，包含业务范围、报价所需信息、联系方式以及客户评价。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Want a walk-in wardrobe (衣柜)? Fancy a fitted kitchen? Or just want to replace your old floorboards? We custom-build furniture and fittings to work with your house, and your vision.(想要步入式衣柜？想要定制整体厨房？还是只想更换旧地板？我们定制家具和装配构件，贴合你的房屋与设想。)”可知，该木工公司可以铺设新地板。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To receive a quote for your work, please send us an email or pick up the phone and let us know: (1) the work to be completed; (2) the dimensions of the item / flooring to be created; (3) the material to be used; (4) the timeline for the work to be completed.(想要获取工程报价，请发邮件或致电并告知：（1）待完成的工程；（2）待制作物件/地板的尺寸；（3）所用材料；（4）工程完工时间安排。)”可知，需要提前提供相关资料信息。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据客户评价部分中的“We got a quote for some work from a different carpentry company that seemed quite high. Sarah was able to get the work done for half of our initial quote, and didn’t lower the quality!(我们在另一家木工公司拿到的报价很高，Sarah以最初报价一半的价格完成工程，并且没有降低品质！)”可知，Dancy称赞这家木工公司价格低廉。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We custom-build furniture and fittings to work with your house, and your vision. We work with a variety of trade suppliers to build you items out of the finest quality woods at the lowest reasonable price.(我们定制家具和装配构件，贴合你的房屋与设想。我们与多家贸易供应商合作，选用最优木材，以合理低价为你制作物件。)”以及第三段中的“Give us a call and let our knowledgeable staff talk you through your options.(致电我们，经验丰富的工作人员会为你讲解各类方案。)”可知，文中并未提及客户不满意可全额退款这项优势。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了Southwark Carpenters木工公司的业务范围、服务流程、联系方式（如“CONTACT US TODAY”）以及多位顾客的好评，其根本目的是为了宣传公司业务并吸引客户，因此这是一篇商业广告。 B I’m in Wookey Hole Cave, part of a network of underground caves in the British village of Wookey Hole, Somerset. Caves, Phil Short tells me, are “alive”. They breathe — though their entrances are often small, they exchange gases with the outside world. “Today’s a hot day,” explains Short, one of the world’s foremost cave explorers and divers. “The atmospheric pressure outside is high, but yesterday was cold so the pressure here is low. If air pressure outside the cave is greater than inside, air moves into the cave and vice versa. Another day it might be freezing cold outside and warm here — and it breathes the other direction.” “Caving is not an irritative sport,” says Short. “If you go back to the golden era of exploration — the search for the source of the Nile and the race for the South Pole — there were no satellites, no airplanes. Caving is the last realm where true, pure exploration is possible. When you enter an unexplored cave, you’re going to a place on the planet where nothing — no drone, no modern technology — has been before.” Scientist Romanos Davranoglou led Expedition Cyclops to the Cyclops Mountains in Indonesia. In a cave, they saw new underground species like blind spiders and a whip scorpion — all new to science. “The discovery of each new species can tell you about the evolution of a whole family,” says Davranoglou. “It can help you understand how organisms were distributed in the past and what factors drove the speciation of different groups. Using the data, we can also understand future factors affecting species distributions and their fates.” “Caves need to be protected,” says Hazel Barton, a professor. For more than 20 years, Barton has been studying microscopic life, found deep underground, that can survive extreme starvation. “A kilometer from the entrance, there’s still photosynthesis,” says Barton. “But it’s pushed into the near-infrared wavelength. Some stars emit only in those wavelengths, and this could help us understand extraterrestrial life.” Cave explorers are like being an astronaut without leaving Earth. “You’re the first to see and leave footprints. In the future 10,000 years, the footprints I made in New Mexico’s Lechuguilla Cave might still remain,” says Barton. 41. What does Short indicate by explaining the air in caves? A. Temperatures are low in deep caves. B. Air is critical in cave exploration. C. Cave explorers need to take a breath. D. Caves are like a living thing. 42. What can be inferred from Short’s comparison between caving and the golden era of exploration? A. Caving is more dangerous than the explorations in the golden era. B. The true value of exploration lies in facing the unknown without modern aids. C. Modern technology has made today’s exploration less meaningful than before. D. The golden era explorers achieved more than today’s cave explorers. 43. What is the purpose of the fourth paragraph? A. To show the scientific value of cave exploration. B. To explain how new species are named. C. To describe the living conditions of blind spiders. D. To compare caves in Indonesia with those in Britain. 44. How does Hazel Barton feel about her cave exploration experiences? A. Regretful and cautious. B. Doubtful and hesitant. C. Proud and appreciative. D. Indifferent and uninterested. 45. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Caves are dangerous places that require special skills to explore. B. Modern technology has made cave exploration less challenging. C. Caves are mainly useful for studying microscopic life forms. D. Cave exploration offers scientific, ecological and exploratory value. 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述洞穴探索者介绍洞穴的特性，洞穴探险具备探索、生态与科研等多方面价值。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Caves, Phil Short tells me, are “alive”. They breathe — though their entrances are often small, they exchange gases with the outside world.(菲尔·肖特告诉我，洞穴是“有生命的”。它们会呼吸——尽管洞口通常很小，但洞穴会和外界交换气体。)”以及后文解释洞穴内外气压变化带来空气流动可知，肖特解释洞穴内空气流动，是为说明洞穴如同生物一样，有“呼吸”现象。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If you go back to the golden era of exploration — the search for the source of the Nile and the race for the South Pole — there were no satellites, no airplanes. Caving is the last realm where true, pure exploration is possible. When you enter an unexplored cave, you’re going to a place on the planet where nothing — no drone, no modern technology — has been before.(回望探索黄金时代，寻找尼罗河源头、南极竞赛，那时没有卫星、飞机。洞穴探险是还能开展真正纯粹探索的最后领域。当你进入未被探索的洞穴，你去往地球上无人机、现代技术从未抵达的地方。)”可知，肖特认为探索的真正价值在于不依赖现代设备，直面未知。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In a cave, they saw new underground species like blind spiders and a whip scorpion — all new to science. “The discovery of each new species can tell you about the evolution of a whole family,” says Davranoglou. “It can help you understand how organisms were distributed in the past and what factors drove the speciation of different groups. Using the data, we can also understand future factors affecting species distributions and their fates.”(在一处洞穴里，他们发现了全新的地下物种，诸如盲蛛以及鞭蝎——这些都是科学界此前未曾记录的物种。达夫拉诺格鲁说：“每一个新物种的发现，都能向你揭示整个类群的演化历程。它有助于你了解生物过去是如何分布的，以及是什么因素推动了不同类群的物种形成。借助这些数据，我们同样能够预判未来影响物种分布及其命运的各类因素。”)”可知，本段举例介绍洞穴新物种及其科研意义，展示洞穴探索的科学价值。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Cave explorers are like being an astronaut without leaving Earth. “You’re the first to see and leave footprints. In the future 10,000 years, the footprints I made in New Mexico’s Lechuguilla Cave might still remain,” says Barton.(洞穴探险家如同不用离开地球的宇航员。巴顿说：“你是第一个看见此地、留下脚印的人。一万年后，我在新墨西哥州莱丘吉亚洞穴留下的脚印或许依旧存在。”)”可知，Barton的话语饱含自豪感，她珍视洞穴探险经历。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段“Caving is the last realm where true, pure exploration is possible.(洞穴探险是还能够开展真正、纯粹探索活动的最后一片领域)”，第四段洞穴新物种的科研价值，第五段地下微生物对地外生命研究的启示，可知文章说明洞穴探索兼具探索价值、生态价值与科学研究价值。 C Liu Jiakun, unveiled as 2025’s laureate of the Pritzker Prize, often dubbed “the Nobel Prize of architecture”, has spent much of his four-decade career designing understated academic buildings, museums and public spaces in his home city of Chengdu. His hyper-local and self-admittedly “low-tech” techniques have come at the expense of a distinctive aesthetic (美学). In China’s era of architectural excess, Liu has instead quietly thrived by letting each site — and the history, nature and craft traditions surrounding it — shape his designs, not vice versa. In its quote, the Pritzker Prize judges praised Liu for precisely that: having “a strategy instead of a style”. Explaining his approach, the 68-year-old architect said he tried to act “like water”. “I try my best to penetrate and understand the place…and then, when the time is right, it will solidify (凝固), and the idea of the building will appear,” he said. “A fixed style is a double-edged sword. It can make others remember you quickly, but it also binds you and makes you lose a certain freedom.” Liu’s firm, Jiakun Architects, has completed over 30 projects — all in China — in almost as many years. The architect has often turned to his country’s history for inspiration. But these nods to the past are never for history’s sake alone, Liu said. “Traditional forms are the results of the culture, technology and people’s philosophy of survival at that time. If we only focus on the superficial results, we will stop at that time. But if we use current technology and methods, and if elements of traditional architecture are reinterpreted for functional, modern use, then there’s a continuation of tradition.” Indeed, China’s cities are flooded with examples of the opposite, whereby curved roofs are added to otherwise characterless structures in the pursuit of an ill-defined “Chinese-ness”. The Shujingfang Museum has been constructed using similarly thoughtful building blocks: “Rebirth Bricks”. Created by Liu’s firm using rubble from the Wenchuan earthquake, the reconstructed bricks have been employed in several of his projects. “It’s an innovation that symbolizes why Liu is celebrated for practicing a kind of everyday architecture in which local context reigns large.” 46. What is Liu’s core design philosophy? A. Prioritizing distinct personal styles. B. Allowing the site to shape the design. C. Reviving ancient building techniques. D. Creating recognizable urban landmarks. 47. What does Liu’s “like water” approach imply? A. Maintaining the architectural flexibility. B. Focusing on the freedom in building spaces. C. Adopting water-resistant building materials. D. Considering the effectiveness of flowing water. 48. How does Liu view traditional architectural forms? A. They should show the respect to the past. B. They determine a building’s “Chinese-ness”. C. They represent outdated cultural values. D. They must satisfy current functional needs. 49. What does the “Rebirth Bricks” example demonstrate? A. The cost-effective construction methods. B. The architectural responses to local settings. C. The technological advances in brickmaking. D. The rebirth of local traditional architecture. 50. What does the underlined phrase “reigns large” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Is strictly controlled. B. Plays a dominant role. C. Gradually disappears. D. Receives compliments. 【答案】46. B 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍普利兹克奖得主刘家琨的建筑设计理念，讲述他立足场地、结合本土环境开展建筑创作的实践。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In China’s era of architectural excess, Liu has instead quietly thrived by letting each site — and the history, nature and craft traditions surrounding it — shape his designs, not vice versa.(在中国建筑泛滥的时代，刘却反倒悄然取得成功——让每一处场地，以及场地周边的历史、自然和工艺传统塑造他的设计，而不是反过来。)”可知，刘家琨的核心理念是让场地来塑造设计。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I try my best to penetrate and understand the place…and then, when the time is right, it will solidify (凝固), and the idea of the building will appear,” he said. “A fixed style is a double-edged sword. It can make others remember you quickly, but it also binds you and makes you lose a certain freedom.(他说：“我尽我所能深入并理解这个地方……然后，当时机合适，它就会凝固，建筑的构想将会浮现。固定的风格是一把双刃剑。它可以让别人快速记住你，但它也会束缚你，让你失去某种自由。”)”可知，“如水一般”的设计思路体现建筑设计保持灵活性，不受固定风格束缚。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Traditional forms are the results of the culture, technology and people’s philosophy of survival at that time. If we only focus on the superficial results, we will stop at that time. But if we use current technology and methods, and if elements of traditional architecture are reinterpreted for functional, modern use, then there’s a continuation of tradition.(传统形式是当时的文化、技术以及人们生存理念的产物。倘若我们只着眼于这些表层成果，便会停滞在那个时代。但如果借助当下的技术与手段，重新诠释传统建筑元素，使其适配现代功能需求，传统便能得以延续。)”可知，传统建筑形式需要被重新诠释，满足当下的功能需求。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Created by Liu’s firm using rubble from the Wenchuan earthquake, the reconstructed bricks have been employed in several of his projects. “It’s an innovation that symbolizes why Liu is celebrated for practicing a kind of everyday architecture in which local context reigns large.”(刘家琨的公司用汶川地震的废墟制作出再生砖，这种重建的砖块被应用在他的多个项目中。这项创新象征着刘家琨因践行一种本土语境reigns large的日常建筑而广受赞誉的原因)”可知，再生砖的例子展现建筑对本土环境与场地条件做出回应。 【50题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“It’s an innovation that symbolizes why Liu is celebrated for practicing a kind of everyday architecture in which local context reigns large.(这是一项创新，也诠释了刘家琨所践行的日常建筑，本土背景在其中reigns large。)”可知，在刘家琨的建筑理念，他十分看重场地本土环境，由此推断，短语“reigns large”表达在建筑设计里本土背景占据主导作用，即reigns large意为“起主要作用，占据主导地位”。 D On my way to Kennedy International Airport, I grip the wheel tightly, swerving across three lanes of expressway traffic at 50 miles per hour to reach the exit. Minutes later, still shaken from my move, I hear a cheerful, disembodied voice instructing me to re-enter the expressway I had just exited. I curse at my phone. For all the discussion of the many extraordinary ways algorithms have changed our society and our lives, one of the most impactful often escapes notice. You may have heard the extreme stories, such as when navigation apps apparently steered drivers into lakes and onto impassable dirt roads. Primarily programmed to find the fastest route, they endanger and annoy us on a remarkably regular basis. Worse, the promised time savings are often a fantasy. These products should be regulated with greater acknowledgment of the uncertainties involved in predicting unexpected slowdowns and road closures. I am firmly of the belief that the algorithms are often optimizing for time savings that are smaller than their margin of error. I shouldn’t dismiss the fact that digital maps have been transformational and empowering. Now, however, these maps don’t seem to have changed very much. It doesn’t have to be like this. A navigation app could consider factors such as the safety impact of changing many lanes with little notice. Imagine instructing the app to avoid jumping on and off highways, or to take the scenic route if the added driving time is under 10 percent. To be clear, this type of customization is possible. Porsche offers in its navigation app a choice of routes “tailored to your driving style”, defined as “curvy, fast or balanced”. On a recent trip to Chicago, I couldn’t get my app to offer me the option to take the beautiful Lake Shore Drive on Lake Michigan along my route. It only offered me the Dan Ryan Expressway, a 14-lane leviathan. Sure, it was theoretically a minute or two faster, but it is also an unpleasant experience filled with 18-wheelers and prone to accidents and slowdowns. So when you have to use a popular driving app, take its directions with a huge grain of salt. 51. Why does the author tell his driving experience at the beginning? A. To criticize the traffic design of expressways. B. To illustrate the flaws of navigation apps. C. To demonstrate his poor sense of direction. D. To show the dangers of distracted driving. 52. What does the author think we tend to overlook concerning navigation apps? A. Their potential for improving driving safety. B. Their ability to save significant time. C. Their failure to predict traffic patterns accurately. D. Their significant impact on society. 53. What does the author imply by saying “the algorithms are often optimizing for time savings that are smaller than their margin of error” (paragraph 4)? A. Navigation apps intentionally exaggerate their efficiency. B. Drivers should add extra time to every trip they take. C. Navigation apps are honest about their time estimates. D. The time saved by using navigation apps is usually unreliable. 54. What can be inferred about the author’s ideal navigation app? A. It should completely replace human decision-making. B. It should prioritize the fastest route regardless of driving experience. C. It should offer customizable options for route preferences. D. It should avoid highways and expressways altogether. 55. What does the underlined phrase “with a huge grain of salt” in the last paragraph mean? A. With creative adaptation. B. With full attention. C. With minimal preparation. D. With great caution. 【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述导航算法一味追求最快路线而存在缺陷，作者认为导航软件应当增加个性化路线选择，使用者需要谨慎看待导航给出的路线指引。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段作者惊险的驾车经历以及第三段中的“You may have heard the extreme stories, such as when navigation apps apparently steered drivers into lakes and onto impassable dirt roads. Primarily programmed to find the fastest route, they endanger and annoy us on a remarkably regular basis.(你或许听过极端案例，导航软件把司机导进湖里或是无法通行的土路。这类软件的核心程序是寻找最快路线，经常给我们带来危险与困扰。)”可知，作者开篇讲述自己的驾车经历，目的是举例说明导航应用程序存在缺陷。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These products should be regulated with greater acknowledgment of the uncertainties involved in predicting unexpected slowdowns and road closures.(管控这类产品时，应当更多认识到，软件在预判突发拥堵与道路封闭时存在不确定性。)”，结合第二段“For all the discussion of the many extraordinary ways algorithms have changed our society and our lives, one of the most impactful often escapes notice.(尽管大家都在讨论算法改变社会与生活，但其中影响很大的一点常常被忽略。)”可知，人们容易忽视导航软件无法精准预判交通状况这一短板。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I am firmly of the belief that the algorithms are often optimizing for time savings that are smaller than their margin of error.(我坚信，算法力求节省下来的时间，甚至小于它本身预估的误差范围。)”可知，导航软件宣称省下的时间并不可靠，误差就已经超过节省的时长。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“A navigation app could consider factors such as the safety impact of changing many lanes with little notice. Imagine instructing the app to avoid jumping on and off highways, or to take the scenic route if the added driving time is under 10 percent. To be clear, this type of customization is possible.(导航软件可以考虑诸如突然变道带来的安全隐患。试想，你可以设置软件，避免频繁进出高速；若增加时长不超过10%，就选择风景路线。显然，这类个性化设置是可以实现的。)”可知，作者理想中的导航软件能够提供符合用户偏好的自定义路线选项。 【55题详解】 词句猜测题。通读全文，作者指出导航算法有不少缺陷，给出的路线和预估时间并不完全可信。根据最后一段“So when you have to use a popular driving app, take its directions with a huge grain of salt.(所以，当你不得不使用热门驾车导航软件时，要with a huge grain of salt它的路线指引。)”可知，导航算法有不少缺陷，所以不得不用时要谨慎。故短语with a grain of salt意为“谨慎看待”，对应with great caution（十分谨慎地）。 第Ⅱ卷 注意事项： 1．用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2．本卷共6题，共35分。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Diana Nyad, born in 1949, is one of the world's greatest long-distance swimmers. She started as a speed swimmer, winning races in high school and dreaming of the Olympics. However, Nyad fell ill with heart disease before she could compete in the 1968 Olympic Games and had to spend three months in bed. By the time Nyad was better, she was unable to swim as fast as she had previously. Nyad then turned from speed swimming to distance swimming. Her first race was 10 miles in the cold waters of Lake Ontario. Even though she came in tenth place, she was the first woman ever to complete the course. In 1974, Nyad set a record while swimming a 22-mile race in the Bay of Naples, Italy. That same year she tried to swim back and forth across Lake Ontario, a total of 64 miles. Nyad made it across the lake, but on the return trip, she lost consciousness and had to be pulled from the water. In 1975, she swam around Manhattan Island, a distance of 28 miles, in a record of 7 hours and 57 minutes. Three years later she swam 102 miles from the Bahamas to Florida. In 2010, at the age of 61, Nyad announced she would swim from Cuba to Florida. In order to train, Nyad spent as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. The swim from Cuba to Florida would last at least 60 hours and cover 103 miles. Unfortunately, bad weather forced Nyad to wait until the next year. In 2011, Nyad attempted the swim but was blown off course after being in the water for 29 hours. Nyad attempted the swim again a few months later, but she had to stop because of too many jellyfish stings (海蜇蜇伤）. Despite these setbacks, Nyad continues to preserve and plans to eventually make the Cuba-to-Florida swim. She has made a vow (誓言）to never stop swimming and wants other older Americans to understand that it is never too late to make one's dreams come true. 56. What made Nyad fail to participate in the 1968 Olympic Games? (No more than 5 words) 57. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? (No more than 10 words) 58. How did Nyad make preparations for her swimming from Cuba to Florida? (No more than 15 words) 59. What does the underlined word “setbacks” in the last paragraph mean? (Only 1 word) 60. What inspiration do you learn from Nyad’s stories and experiences? (No more than 25 words) 【答案】56. Falling ill with heart disease. 57. The achievements /successes that Nyad achieved. Or: Nyad’s experiences of attending races. 58. She spent as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. Or: By spending as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. 59. Difficulties/Challenges /Barriers/Obstacles/Bars/Problems. 60. It is never too late to make one's dreams come true. Or: We should stick to our dream, never give up and try hard to realize it whatever difficulties or setbacks we meet. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，美国长距离游泳运动员Diana Nyad面对挫折永不放弃的人生经历。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的“However, Nyad fell ill with heart disease before she could compete in the 1968 Olympic Games and had to spend three months in bed.”（不过Nyad在1968年奥运会之前就患上了心脏病，不得不在床上呆了三个月。）”，可知Nyad患了心脏病。故答案为Falling ill with heart disease. 【57题详解】 主旨大意题。由第二段中的“Even though she came in tenth place, she was the first woman ever to complete the course.”（尽管她得了第十名，但她是第一个完成这场比赛的女性。），“In 1974, Nyad set a record while swimming a 22-mile race in the Bay of Naples, Italy. That same year she tried to swim back and forth across Lake Ontario, a total of 64 miles.”（1974年，Nyad在意大利那不勒斯湾游泳时创下了22英里的纪录。同年，她试图来回游过安大略湖，总共64英里。）和“In 1975, she swam around Manhattan Island, a distance of 28 miles, in a record of 7 hours and 57 minutes. Three years later she swam 102 miles from the Bahamas to Florida.”（1975年，她在曼哈顿岛游了28英里，创下了7小时57分钟的纪录。三年后，她从巴哈马群岛游到佛罗里达州102英里。），可知本段主要讲Nyad取得的成就或Nyad参加比赛的经历。故答案为The achievements /successes that Nyad achieved. Or: Nyad’s experiences of attending races. 【58题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In 2010, at the age of 61, Nyad announced she would swim from Cuba to Florida. In order to train, Nyad spent as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean.”（2010年，61岁的Nyad宣布她将从古巴游到佛罗里达州。为了训练，Nyad每天花14个小时在海里游泳。），可知为了准备从古巴游到佛罗里达，Nyad每天花14个小时在海里游泳。故答案为She spent as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. Or: By spending as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. 【59题详解】 词义猜测题。由第三段中的“The swim from Cuba to Florida would last at least 60 hours and cover 103 miles. Unfortunately, bad weather forced Nyad to wait until the next year.”（从古巴到佛罗里达的游泳至少要持续60小时，全程103英里。不幸的是，恶劣的天气迫使Nyad等到第二年。）及“Nyad attempted the swim again a few months later, but she had to stop because of too many jellyfish stings (海蜇蜇伤）.”（几个月后，Nyad再次尝试游泳，但由于水母蜇伤太多，她不得不停止游泳。），和第四段中的“Nyad continues to preserve and plans to eventually make the Cuba-to-Florida swim. She has made a vow (誓言）to never stop swimming and wants other older Americans to understand that it is never too late to make one's dreams come true.”（Nyad继续保存并计划最终让古巴游到佛罗里达。她发誓永不停止游泳，并希望其他美国老年人明白，实现梦想永远不会太晚。），可知Nyad两次尝试从古巴至弗罗里达州的长距离游泳均因客观因素导致失败，虽然有挫折/困难，但她立誓不会放弃游泳，可知setbacks在此处意为“困难/挑战/障碍/问题”。故答案为Difficulties/Challenges /Barriers/Obstacles/Bars/Problems. 【60题详解】 开放式答题。考生可紧抓文章中心大意“美国长距离游泳运动员Diana Nyad面对挫折永不放弃，认为实现梦想永远不会太晚”，适当总结从文章中学到的道理，言之有理即可。故答案为It is never too late to make one's dreams come true. Or: We should stick to our dream, never give up and try hard to realize it whatever difficulties or setbacks we meet. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Smith对中国传统文化很感兴趣，想要了解中秋节。请你写信向他介绍中国的传统节日——中秋节。包括以下要点：(1)中秋节的时间；(2)中秋节的习俗，如家人团聚，吃月饼，赏月；(3)邀请他明年的中秋和你一起过节。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely Lihua 【答案】Dear Smith, I am delighted to know you are interested in the Mid-Autumn Festival, which has been enjoying great popularity in our country since ancient times. The Mid - Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar. No matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for a family reunion dinner. What we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. I sincerely hope, if possible, that you can come here in China to have a real experience about it next year. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生同学Smith写封信，向他介绍中国的传统节日中秋节并邀请他明年的中秋和你一起过节。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted →pleased 对……感兴趣：be interested in →have an interest in 忙碌的：busy →engaged 传统的：traditional →conventional 2.句式拓展 扩展句子 原句：The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar. 拓展句：The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar, which is an important day to all of us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I am delighted to know you are interested in the Mid-Autumn Festival, which has been enjoying great popularity in our country since ancient times.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。） 【高分句型2】I sincerely hope, if possible, that you can come here in China to have a real experience about it next year.（运用了that引导的宾语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $