Unit 1 Water核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版五四学制2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Water 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元知识点默写 一、词性转换 1. bore（动词，使厌烦）→ __________（形容词，“令人厌烦的”）→ __________（形容词，“感到厌烦的”） 2. pollute（动词：污染）→ __________（名词：污染） 3. use（动词：使用）→ __________（形容词：有用的） 4. save（动词：节约）→ __________（名词：节约） 5. agree（动词：同意）→ __________（名词：同意） 6. salt（名词：盐）→ __________（形容词：咸的） 7. pure（形容词：纯净的）→ __________（动词：净化） 8. important（形容词：重要的）→ __________（名词：重要性） 9. fresh（形容词：新鲜的）→ __________（副词：新鲜地） 10. treat（动词：处理）→ __________（名词：处理） 二、重点单词 1. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 水 n. __________ 1. 液体 n. __________ 1. 节约 v. __________ 1. 污染 v. __________ 1. 循环 v. __________ 1. 盐 n. __________ 1. 净化 v. __________ 1. 资源 n. __________ 1. 缺乏 v. __________ 1. 重要的 adj. __________ 1. 新鲜的 adj. __________ 1. 处理 v. __________ 1. 水龙头 n. __________ 1. 重复使用 v. __________ 1. 表面 n. __________ 三、重点短语 1.水循环： ______________________________ 2.安全饮用水： ______________________________ 3.污水处理： ______________________________ 4.关水龙头： ______________________________ 5.间接水足迹： ____________________________ 6.出发前往： ______________________________ 7.干涸： ______________________________ 8.提高意识： ______________________________ 9.砍伐森林： ______________________________ 10.人工降雨： ______________________________ 11.水资源短缺： _____________________________ 12.保护环境： ______________________________ 13.收集雨水： ______________________________ 14.南水北调工程： ___________________________ 15.平均用水量： _____________________________ 16.废水处理厂： _____________________________ 17.缩短淋浴时间： ___________________________ 18.用灰水浇植物： ___________________________ 19.准备离开： ______________________________ 20.把水烧开： ______________________________ 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．I found the book , but my classmate didn’t seem at all. (bore) 2．Lights (shine) brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 3．The river is so that no fish can live in it. (pollute) 4． of underground water is a serious problem in many cities. (overuse) 5．We need to find a (use) tool to open the box. 6．She received excellent at the hospital after the accident. (treat) 7．We saw several changes happening in the experiment. (chemistry) 8．These strawberries look fresh! I’d like two (kilo) of them. 9．The is doing on plants for long to find out how they grow better. (research) 10．I can’t imagine (waste) my time on such a meaningless thing. 11．We all agreed (have) a picnic in the countryside. 12．The dish would be more delicious with a (salt) sauce. 13．Teachers should students to think independently. (courage) 14．She always drinks water when she’s (thirst). 15．To plant trees, first you should dig (挖) some (hole) in the ground. 16．Thousands died in the war, (include) many women and children. 17．The answer is what the teacher wants.(exact) 18．Many make rules to keep workers safe. (factory) 19．When the lions came, the giraffes ran in all (direct). 20．It’s a chance to raise and talk about the mental health of children. (aware) 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 21．Mrs Lee was tired and (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house. 22．Most students (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 23．It’s not right for them to (浪费) so much time playing games. 24．Doing chores at home all day is very (乏味的). 25．The (研究) shows that regular exercise can improve mental health. 26．Please turn left at the next . (拐角) 27．He is full of (精力、能量) every day. 28．The company makes 1.5 (十亿) every year. 29．Sara sees a small (蛇) in the grass. 30．James put his hand on my (肩膀). 31．Our English teacher will make a short (报告). 32．As far as we know, the Sahara Desert is the biggest (沙漠) in the world. 33．Don’t forget to wash the two (锅) after you cook food. 34．—The (汉堡包) are much smaller than those in the advertisements. —So they are! That may be the art of advertising. 35．The car (制造厂) produces a large number of electric cars every year. 36．This is a (有用的) suggestion. Please keep it in your mind. 37．Mum is (准备) dinner in the kitchen. Let’s go and help her. 38．He is reading a book about (自然). 39．The smell seemed to be (到处), so we opened the windows and soon the air was fresh again. 40．—Your shirt looks nice. What’s it made of? — (棉布), and it was made in Xinjiang. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 41．ChatGPT 是一个有用的工具。它可以帮忙解决问题。 ChatGPT is . It can help solve problems. 42．我们计划去上海，但还没决定何时出发。 We are planning to go to Shanghai, but we haven’t decided . 43．我妈妈大部分的衣服都是棉质的。 my mother’s clothes . 44．这个问题超出了我的理解范围。 The question is . 45．太阳明晃晃地照着。这是个阳光灿烂的日子。 The sun is . It is a sunny day. 46．我有点儿口渴，因为我没有喝足够的水。 I am a little because I don’t drink water. 47．为了改善环境，当地政府在几年前将那家制鞋厂改造成了公园。 To improve the environment, the local government a park years ago. 48．我不喜欢数学，因为它对我来说很无聊。 I don’t like maths it’s . 49．我们今天促销，苹果三元一千克。 We have today. The apples are three yuan . 50．教室阅读角里有一些新书。 There are some new books in the classroom . 四、阅读理解(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) The world is not hungry, but it is thirsty. It seems strange that nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water while we say we are short of (短缺) water. Why? Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can’t drink or use for watering plants directly (直接地). Man can only drink and use the 3% —the water that comes from rivers and lakes. And we can’t even use all of that, because some of it has been polluted. Now more water is needed. The problem is: Can we avoid (避免) a serious water shortage later on? First, we should all learn how to save water. Secondly, we should find out the ways to reuse it. Scientists have always been making studies in the field. Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers. But it can be used again. Even though every large city reused its water, still there would not be enough. What could people turn to next? The sea seems to have the best answer. There is a lot of water in the sea. All that needs to be done is to get the salt out of the sea water. This is expensive, but it’s already used in many parts of the world. Scientists are trying to find a cheaper way of doing it. So you see, if we can find a way out, we’ll be in no danger of drying up. 51．The world is thirsty because ________. A．3/4 of the earth is covered with water B．we have enough river water to use directly C．about 97% of water on the earth can’t be drunk or used for watering plants directly D．we can drink sea water directly. 52．Which of the following is true? A．3% of water on the earth is in rivers and lakes. B．75% of water on the earth is the sea. C．97% of the earth is covered with water. D．2/4 of the earth is covered with water 53．From the passage we learn _________. A．if every city reuses its water, we’ll be in no danger of drying up B．man can only drink and use about 25% of water on the earth C．today in most large cities water is used only once D．We can avoid a serious water shortage 54．To avoid the serious water shortage, which of the following is the most important? A．Save water and try to make good use of the water in rivers and lakes. B．Don’t pollute water and keep all rivers and lakes clean. C．Try to find a cheaper way to get the salt out of the sea water. D．Every large city reused its water. 55．The name of the passage would be ________ A．The Sea Water B．How to Save Water C．The Hungry World D．The Thirsty World 五、任务型阅读(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)      Nowadays water pollution is becoming an important problem. We can hear about water pollution from TV sometimes. A report shows that more than one third of the country’s industrial waste water flows directly into rivers and lakes. The water environment in most cities around the country is declining(下降). An official report from the Ministry of Environment Protection(环保总局 ) shows that among the investigated 131 rivers that flow through cities, 36 are severely(严重) polluted, and nearly 60 others polluted. Since the Songhua River benzene(苯) pollution incident in 2005, over 140 pollution cases have been reported. The Yellow River, an important water resource for North China, is suffering from serious pollution. Nearly 40 percent of its mainstream has been severely polluted. And situation is no better for the Huai River, in which the country has invested(投入) most. It is also a severely polluted river.    Water, like the air, is another basic substance(物质) of human life. But the fact is that more and more water is being polluted. The available drinking water is declining. Some factories are only busy developing their factories, without any thought of protecting the environment. They pour the waste water into rivers and oceans as they like. Although sometimes they are forbidden and punished, after that they will continue to do as usual because of money. In brief, it’s time for us to take steps to improve our living environment before it is too late. 56．What flows directly into rivers and lakes according to the first paragraph? 57．How many of the investigated 131 rivers are severely polluted? 58．When did the Songhua River benzene pollution incident take place? 59．Four rivers are mentioned in the passage, aren’t they? 60．Why will the factories continue to pour waste water into rivers? $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Water 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元知识点默写 一、词性转换 1. bore（动词，使厌烦）→ __________（形容词，“令人厌烦的”）→ __________（形容词，“感到厌烦的”） 2. pollute（动词：污染）→ __________（名词：污染） 3. use（动词：使用）→ __________（形容词：有用的） 4. save（动词：节约）→ __________（名词：节约） 5. agree（动词：同意）→ __________（名词：同意） 6. salt（名词：盐）→ __________（形容词：咸的） 7. pure（形容词：纯净的）→ __________（动词：净化） 8. important（形容词：重要的）→ __________（名词：重要性） 9. fresh（形容词：新鲜的）→ __________（副词：新鲜地） 10. treat（动词：处理）→ __________（名词：处理） 1. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. boring，bored 3. pollution 4. useful 5. saving 6. agreement 7. salty 8. purify 9. importance 10. freshly 11. treatment 二、重点单词 1. 1. 水 n. __________ 1. 液体 n. __________ 1. 节约 v. __________ 1. 污染 v. __________ 1. 循环 v. __________ 1. 盐 n. __________ 1. 净化 v. __________ 1. 资源 n. __________ 1. 缺乏 v. __________ 1. 重要的 adj. __________ 1. 新鲜的 adj. __________ 1. 处理 v. __________ 1. 水龙头 n. __________ 1. 重复使用 v. __________ 1. 表面 n. __________ 1. water 2. liquid 3. save 4. pollute 5. cycle 6. salt 7. purify 8. resource 9. lack 10. important 11. fresh 12. treat 13. tap 14. reuse 15. surface 三、重点短语 1.水循环： ______________________________ 2.安全饮用水： ______________________________ 3.污水处理： ______________________________ 4.关水龙头： ______________________________ 5.间接水足迹： ____________________________ 6.出发前往： ______________________________ 7.干涸： ______________________________ 8.提高意识： ______________________________ 9.砍伐森林： ______________________________ 10.人工降雨： ______________________________ 11.水资源短缺： _____________________________ 12.保护环境： ______________________________ 13.收集雨水： ______________________________ 14.南水北调工程： ___________________________ 15.平均用水量： _____________________________ 16.废水处理厂： _____________________________ 17.缩短淋浴时间： ___________________________ 18.用灰水浇植物： ___________________________ 19.准备离开： ______________________________ 20.把水烧开： ______________________________ 1.water cycle 2.safe drinking water 3.wastewater treatment 4.turn off the tap 5.indirect water footprint 6.set off for 7.run dry 8.raise awareness 9.cut down forests 10.cloud seeding 11.water shortage 12.protect the environment 13.collect rainwater 14.South-North Water Transfer Project 15.average water use 16.wastewater treatment plant 17.take shorter showers 18.water plants with grey water 19.prepare to leave 20.heat the water 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．I found the book , but my classmate didn’t seem at all. (bore) 【答案】 boring bored 【详解】句意：我发现那本书很乏味，可是我的同学却一点也不觉得无聊。第一空修饰事物book用-ing 形容词 boring ，表示“令人厌倦的”；第二空修饰人用-ed 形容词bored ，表示“感到厌烦的” 。故填boring；bored。 2．Lights (shine) brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 【答案】are shining 【详解】句意：灯光明亮地照耀着整个城市，五颜六色的船只缓缓地顺河而下。根据“and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+现在分词”。Lights是复数主语，所以be动词用are，shine的现在分词为shining。故填are shining。 3．The river is so that no fish can live in it. (pollute) 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：这条河污染如此严重，以至于没有鱼可以在里面生存。根据“The river is so...that no fish can live in it.”及提示词可知，此处考查so...that...“如此……以至于……”结构，so后接形容词作表语，描述河流状态。pollute“污染”，动词，形容词形式为polluted。故填polluted。 4． of underground water is a serious problem in many cities. (overuse) 【答案】Overuse 【详解】句意：地下水的过度使用在许多城市是一个严重的问题。根据“...of underground water is a serious problem in many cities.”及提示词可知，空格位于句首，且后接“of underground water”，因此需要一个名词来构成名词短语。提示词“overuse”本身可作为名词使用，表示“过度的使用”，直接填入即可。故填Overuse。 5．We need to find a (use) tool to open the box. 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：我们需要找到一个有用的工具来打开盒子。此处指“有用的工具”，修饰名词tool，用形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。 6．She received excellent at the hospital after the accident. (treat) 【答案】treatment 【详解】句意：事故发生后，她在医院接受了极好的治疗。设空处位于形容词“excellent”之后，因此需要填入一个名词，treatment“治疗”符合题意，此处为抽象意义，不可数。故填treatment。 7．We saw several changes happening in the experiment. (chemistry) 【答案】chemical 【详解】句意：我们在实验中看到了几种化学变化。根据“changes”及提示词可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰changes。chemistry“化学”，名词，形容词为chemical“化学的”。故填chemical。 8．These strawberries look fresh! I’d like two (kilo) of them. 【答案】kilos 【详解】句意：这些草莓看起来很新鲜！我想要两千克。根据“two”可知，此处需要使用复数形式。故填kilos。 9．The is doing on plants for long to find out how they grow better. (research) 【答案】 researcher research 【详解】句意：研究人员长期以来一直在研究植物，以找出它们如何生长得更好。research“研究”，可作名词或动词。根据“is doing … on plants”可知，第一空作主语，指人，用名词researcher“研究人员”。do research“做研究”。故填researcher；research。 10．I can’t imagine (waste) my time on such a meaningless thing. 【答案】wasting 【详解】句意：我无法想象把时间浪费在这样毫无意义的事情上。waste“浪费”，是动词，imagine doing sth“想象做某事”，故填wasting。 11．We all agreed (have) a picnic in the countryside. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：我们都同意在乡下野餐。agree to do sth.同意做某事，动词短语，此处需填动词不定式。故填to have。 12．The dish would be more delicious with a (salt) sauce. 【答案】salty 【详解】句意：这道菜用咸味酱汁会更美味。空后的“sauce”是名词，需要用形容词来修饰，salt是名词，意为 “盐”，其形容词形式是salty，意为“咸的”，符合语境。故填salty。 13．Teachers should students to think independently. (courage) 【答案】encourage 【详解】句意：教师应该鼓励学生独立思考。根据“should”可知，情态动词后接动词原形，courage的动词形式是encourage“鼓励”。故填encourage。 14．She always drinks water when she’s (thirst). 【答案】thirsty 【详解】句意：当她口渴的时候，她总是喝水。“she’s”是“she is”的缩写，“is”为系动词，后面接形容词作表语。提示词“thirst”的形容词形式为“thirsty”意为“口渴的”。故填thirsty。 15．To plant trees, first you should dig (挖) some (hole) in the ground. 【答案】holes 【详解】句意：要种树，首先你应该在地上挖一些洞。some修饰可数名词hole的复数形式。故填holes。 16．Thousands died in the war, (include) many women and children. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：成千上万的人在战争中丧生，其中包括许多妇女和儿童。根据“Thousands…many women and children.”可知，丧生的人中包括许多妇女和儿童，用介词including，故填including。 17．The answer is what the teacher wants.(exact) 【答案】exactly 【详解】句意：这答案正是老师想要的。根据句意和结构可知此处需要一个副词来修饰后面整个句子，exact确切的，是形容词，副词形式为exactly，故填exactly。 18．Many make rules to keep workers safe. (factory) 【答案】factories 【详解】句意：许多工厂制定规章以保证工人的安全。factory“工厂”，可数名词，被many修饰，应用其复数形式，故填factories。 19．When the lions came, the giraffes ran in all (direct). 【答案】directions 【详解】句意：当狮子来的时候，长颈鹿向四面八方跑去。in all directions“向四面八方”，固定短语。故填directions。 20．It’s a chance to raise and talk about the mental health of children. (aware) 【答案】awareness 【详解】句意：这是一个提高意识并讨论儿童心理健康的机会。括号内提示词为形容词"aware"（意识到的），根据句子结构，动词“raise”（提高）后需接名词作宾语，表示“提高某种意识”。因此需将形容词“aware”转换为名词形式“awareness”。故填awareness。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 21．Mrs Lee was tired and (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house. 【答案】thirsty 【详解】句意：李太太购物后又累又渴，于是走进了一家茶馆。thirsty“口渴的”，形容词作表语。故填thirsty。 22．Most students (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 【答案】agree 【详解】句意：大多数学生同意时间是世界上最有价值的东西之一。根据“Most students…that time is one of the most valuable things…”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，“同意”对应的动词是agree。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语Most students是复数，动词用原形，故填agree。 23．It’s not right for them to (浪费) so much time playing games. 【答案】waste 【详解】句意：他们浪费这么多时间玩游戏是不对的。浪费：waste，空前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形。故填waste。 24．Doing chores at home all day is very (乏味的). 【答案】boring 【详解】句意：整天在家做家务很乏味。boring“乏味的”，形容词。故填boring。 25．The (研究) shows that regular exercise can improve mental health. 【答案】research 【详解】句意：研究表明，定期锻炼可以改善心理健康。根据语境和所给中文提示可知，这里应填“research”。“research”意为“研究”，在句中作主语。谓语动词为三单形式，使用名词单数形式。故填research。 26．Please turn left at the next . (拐角) 【答案】corner 【详解】句意：请在下一个拐角左转。corner“拐角，角落”，是名词，at the next corner“在下一个拐角”，故填corner。 27．He is full of (精力、能量) every day. 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：他每天都充满精力。energy“精力、能量”，为不可数名词。be full of energy为固定搭配，意为“充满能量、精力充沛”。故填energy。 28．The company makes 1.5 (十亿) every year. 【答案】billion 【详解】句意：这家公司每年赚15亿。结合句意和汉语提示可知，billion“十亿”，符合语境，当前面有数字修饰时，billion保持原形，不变复数。故填billion。 29．Sara sees a small (蛇) in the grass. 【答案】snake 【详解】句意：Sara在草地里看见了一条小蛇。根据汉语提示可知，snake意为“蛇”，冠词a后跟名词单数。故填snake。 30．James put his hand on my (肩膀). 【答案】shoulder 【详解】句意：James把他的手放在我肩膀上。shoulder“肩膀”。根据单数名词hand可知，一只手放在一个肩膀上，名词用单数。故填shoulder。 31．Our English teacher will make a short (报告). 【答案】presentation/report 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师将做一个简短的报告。presentation/report“报告”，根据空前的“a”可知，此处用单数形式。故填presentation/report。 32．As far as we know, the Sahara Desert is the biggest (沙漠) in the world. 【答案】desert 【详解】句意：据我们所知，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。根据英文句子及汉语提示词可知，空处应用名词作表语，并且biggest“最大的”，形容词，后面修饰名词；desert“沙漠”，名词。故填desert。 33．Don’t forget to wash the two (锅) after you cook food. 【答案】pots 【详解】句意：别忘了做饭后洗两个锅。“锅”pot，two后接可数名词复数。故填pots。 34．—The (汉堡包) are much smaller than those in the advertisements. —So they are! That may be the art of advertising. 【答案】hamburgers 【详解】句意：——这些汉堡包比广告上说的要小得多。——的确如此！这可能就是广告的艺术。根据汉语提示，hamburger“汉堡包”，be动词为are，此处应用名词复数。故填hamburgers。 35．The car (制造厂) produces a large number of electric cars every year. 【答案】factory 【详解】句意：这家汽车厂每年生产大量的电动汽车。结合汉语提示及“the car…”可知，此处应指“汽车制造厂”，应用可数名词factory的单数形式与之搭配。故填factory。 36．This is a (有用的) suggestion. Please keep it in your mind. 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：这是一个有用的建议。请把它记在心里。根据汉语提示可知，有用的：useful，形容词，在句中作定语修饰“suggestion”。故填useful。 37．Mum is (准备) dinner in the kitchen. Let’s go and help her. 【答案】preparing 【详解】句意：妈妈正在厨房里准备晚餐。让我们去帮她吧。结合句意和汉语提示可知，prepare“准备”，符合语境，根据“Mum is”可知，此处描述正在发生的事情，应该用现在进行时，动词需要使用现在分词。故填preparing。 38．He is reading a book about (自然). 【答案】nature 【详解】句意：他正在读一本关于自然的书。根据中文提示，nature“自然”，不可数名词。故填nature。 39．The smell seemed to be (到处), so we opened the windows and soon the air was fresh again. 【答案】everywhere 【详解】句意：气味似乎到处都是，所以我们打开了窗户，很快空气又变得清新了。到处的英文是everywhere，表示“在所有地方”，符合句子的语境。故填everywhere。 40．—Your shirt looks nice. What’s it made of? — (棉布), and it was made in Xinjiang. 【答案】Cotton 【详解】句意：—— 你的衬衫看起来很好。它是什么制成的？—— 棉花，它是在新疆制作而成的。根据题意和所给汉意可知，cotton意为“棉布”，不可数名词，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Cotton。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 41．ChatGPT 是一个有用的工具。它可以帮忙解决问题。 ChatGPT is . It can help solve problems. 【答案】 a useful tool 【详解】根据语境可知，此处要表达“一种有用的工具”，useful“有用的”，以辅音音素开头，用a表“一个，一种”，tool“工具”。故填a；useful；tool。 42．我们计划去上海，但还没决定何时出发。 We are planning to go to Shanghai, but we haven’t decided . 【答案】 when to set off 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“何时出发”。根据“but we haven’t decided”可知，此处可用“疑问词+to do”的形式。“什么时候”when，“出发”set off。故填when；to；set；off。 43．我妈妈大部分的衣服都是棉质的。 my mother’s clothes . 【答案】 Most of are made of cotton 【详解】most of“大部分”；be made of cotton“棉质的”，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填Most；of；are；made；of；cotton。 44．这个问题超出了我的理解范围。 The question is . 【答案】 beyond my understanding 【详解】根据句意可知，此处对应的中文是：超出了我的理解范围，对应的英文表达是：beyond my understanding，整个介词短语作表语。故填beyond；my；understanding。 45．太阳明晃晃地照着。这是个阳光灿烂的日子。 The sun is . It is a sunny day. 【答案】 shining brightly 【详解】shine brightly“明晃晃地照着”，根据“is”可知，时态是现在进行时，动词用现在分词形式，故填shining；brightly。 46．我有点儿口渴，因为我没有喝足够的水。 I am a little because I don’t drink water. 【答案】 thirsty enough 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空意为“口渴的”，其英文表达是thirsty，形容词；第二空意为“足够的”，其英文表达是enough，形容词。故填thirsty；enough。 47．为了改善环境，当地政府在几年前将那家制鞋厂改造成了公园。 To improve the environment, the local government a park years ago. 【答案】turned that shoe factory into/changed that shoe factory into 【详解】“把……改造成……”为turn/change...into...；“那家制鞋厂”为that shoe factory。根据“years ago”可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填turned/changed that shoe factory into。 48．我不喜欢数学，因为它对我来说很无聊。 I don’t like maths it’s . 【答案】 because boring to me 【详解】because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；boring“无聊的”，在此处修饰事物；be boring to sb“对某人来说很无聊”；介词to后跟宾格代词me。故填because；boring；to；me。 49．我们今天促销，苹果三元一千克。 We have today. The apples are three yuan . 【答案】 a sale a kilo/kilogram 【详解】根据句意可知，空处的意思是“促销”和“一千克”。促销的单词是“sale”，在这里sale是可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，因此前面要加不定冠词a，have a sale是一个固定搭配，表示“促销”；千克的单词是“kilo”或者“kilogram”，一千克是“a kilo”或者“a kilogram”，kilo是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a；sale；a；kilo/kilogram。 50．教室阅读角里有一些新书。 There are some new books in the classroom . 【答案】 reading corner 【详解】根据中英文对照，阅读：reading；角：corner；此处名词reading作定语，修饰名词。故填reading；corner。 四、阅读理解(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) The world is not hungry, but it is thirsty. It seems strange that nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water while we say we are short of (短缺) water. Why? Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can’t drink or use for watering plants directly (直接地). Man can only drink and use the 3% —the water that comes from rivers and lakes. And we can’t even use all of that, because some of it has been polluted. Now more water is needed. The problem is: Can we avoid (避免) a serious water shortage later on? First, we should all learn how to save water. Secondly, we should find out the ways to reuse it. Scientists have always been making studies in the field. Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers. But it can be used again. Even though every large city reused its water, still there would not be enough. What could people turn to next? The sea seems to have the best answer. There is a lot of water in the sea. All that needs to be done is to get the salt out of the sea water. This is expensive, but it’s already used in many parts of the world. Scientists are trying to find a cheaper way of doing it. So you see, if we can find a way out, we’ll be in no danger of drying up. 51．The world is thirsty because ________. A．3/4 of the earth is covered with water B．we have enough river water to use directly C．about 97% of water on the earth can’t be drunk or used for watering plants directly D．we can drink sea water directly. 52．Which of the following is true? A．3% of water on the earth is in rivers and lakes. B．75% of water on the earth is the sea. C．97% of the earth is covered with water. D．2/4 of the earth is covered with water 53．From the passage we learn _________. A．if every city reuses its water, we’ll be in no danger of drying up B．man can only drink and use about 25% of water on the earth C．today in most large cities water is used only once D．We can avoid a serious water shortage 54．To avoid the serious water shortage, which of the following is the most important? A．Save water and try to make good use of the water in rivers and lakes. B．Don’t pollute water and keep all rivers and lakes clean. C．Try to find a cheaper way to get the salt out of the sea water. D．Every large city reused its water. 55．The name of the passage would be ________ A．The Sea Water B．How to Save Water C．The Hungry World D．The Thirsty World 【答案】51．C 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界水资源短缺的问题，包括地球水资源的分布情况、缺水的原因，以及为避免严重缺水所探讨的解决办法，如节约用水、水的再利用和淡化海水等。 51．细节理解题。根据第一段“Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can’t drink or use for watering plants ... because some of it has been polluted.”可知，地球上约97%的水是海水，不能直接饮用或用于浇灌植物，所以世界缺水。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据第一段“Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can’t drink or use for watering plants directly ... comes from rivers and lakes.”可知，地球上3%的水来自河流和湖泊，也就是在河流和湖泊中的水占地球总水量的3% 。故选A。 53．细节理解题。根据第二段“Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers.”可知，如今在大多数大城市，水只被使用一次就流入大海或河流。故选C。 54．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The sea seems to have the best answer. ... we’ll be in no danger of drying up.”可知，海水有大量的水，解决缺水问题最好的办法是把海水中的盐提取出来，而目前成本高，科学家在找更便宜的方法，所以找到更便宜的提取海水中盐的方法是最重要的。故选C。 55．主旨大意题。文章开头就指出“The world is not hungry, but it is thirsty.”，且全文围绕世界缺水以及解决办法展开，所以文章标题应该是“The Thirsty World”。故选D。 五、任务型阅读(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)      Nowadays water pollution is becoming an important problem. We can hear about water pollution from TV sometimes. A report shows that more than one third of the country’s industrial waste water flows directly into rivers and lakes. The water environment in most cities around the country is declining(下降). An official report from the Ministry of Environment Protection(环保总局 ) shows that among the investigated 131 rivers that flow through cities, 36 are severely(严重) polluted, and nearly 60 others polluted. Since the Songhua River benzene(苯) pollution incident in 2005, over 140 pollution cases have been reported. The Yellow River, an important water resource for North China, is suffering from serious pollution. Nearly 40 percent of its mainstream has been severely polluted. And situation is no better for the Huai River, in which the country has invested(投入) most. It is also a severely polluted river.    Water, like the air, is another basic substance(物质) of human life. But the fact is that more and more water is being polluted. The available drinking water is declining. Some factories are only busy developing their factories, without any thought of protecting the environment. They pour the waste water into rivers and oceans as they like. Although sometimes they are forbidden and punished, after that they will continue to do as usual because of money. In brief, it’s time for us to take steps to improve our living environment before it is too late. 56．What flows directly into rivers and lakes according to the first paragraph? 57．How many of the investigated 131 rivers are severely polluted? 58．When did the Songhua River benzene pollution incident take place? 59．Four rivers are mentioned in the passage, aren’t they? 60．Why will the factories continue to pour waste water into rivers? 【答案】56．Industrial waste water. 57．36. 58．In 2005. 59．No, they aren’t. 60．Because of money. 【导语】本文主要讲述的是在我国一些工厂为了经济利益，排放污水导致我国的河流和湖泊受污染。 56．根据文中第一段“A report shows that more than one third of the country’s industrial waste water flows directly into rivers and lakes.”可知超过三分之一的废水直接流入河流和湖泊，所以是工业废水直接流入河流和湖泊。故填Industrial waste water. 57．根据文中第二段“36 are severely(严重) polluted”可知，在调查的131条河流中有36条河流被严重污染。故填36。 58．根据文中第三段“Since the Songhua River benzene(苯) pollution incident in 2005”可知，松花江苯污染事件发生在2005年。故填In 2005. 59．根据文中第三段“the Songhua River”，第四段“The Yellow River”，第五段“the Huai River”可知，本文共谈到了三条河流，分别是松花江、黄河、淮河，所以题干中说本文提到四条河流是不正确的。故填No, they aren’t. 60．根据文中第六段“after that they will continue to do as usual because of money”可知，这些工厂为了钱，即使被禁止、被惩罚，之后他们仍继续向河里排放污水。故填Because of money. $$