Unit 3 Family ties. Understanding ideals（语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练）-2025-2026学年外研版英语2024七年级上册

Unit 3 Family ties. Understanding ideals （语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解：名词所有格 1 （一）概念 1 （二）'s所有格的构成与用法 1 （三）of所有格的构成与用法 2 （四）双重所有格的构成与用法 2 （五)中考题型精练 3 二、基础讲解 4 （一）词汇讲解 4 （二）中考真题练习 7 三、分层精练 9 （一）单项选择 9 （二）单词拼写 13 （三）完成句子 15 （四）拓展延伸 17 一、语法讲解：名词所有格 （一）概念 表示名词之间的所属关系（谁的），分为“'s所有格、of所有格、双重所有格”三种形式。 例：Tom的篮球 → Tom's basketball 例：教室的门 → the door of the classroom （二）'s所有格的构成与用法 1. 构成规则 名词类型 规则 例子 单数名词 直接加 's the boy's bag 以s结尾的复数名词 加 ' the teachers' office 不规则复数名词 加 's the children's toys 并列名词（共同所有） 最后一个名词加 's Tom and Jerry's car（共同的车） 并列名词（各自所有） 每个名词加 's Tom's and Jerry's cars（各自的车） 2. 用法场景 有生命的事物（人/动物）： the dog's tail, Mary's book 无生命事物（特殊表达）： 时间：today's newspaper 地点：the city's history 度量：ten minutes' walk （三）of所有格的构成与用法 1. 结构 被属物 + of + 所有者 例：the windows of the house（房子的窗户） 2. 用法场景 无生命事物： the color of the car, the name of the book 带限定词（the/this等）的名词： the friend of this girl（这个女孩的朋友） 较长修饰语的名词： the story of a poor old man（一位贫穷老人的故事） （四）双重所有格的构成与用法 1. 结构 a/an/some/any/数词 + 名词 + of + 's所有格/名词性物主代词 例：a friend of my father's（我父亲的一位朋友） 例：some books of hers（她的一些书） 2. 用法 用来表示整体中的一部分： two photos of my mine 3. 双重所有格和of所有格区别： a photo of Mary（玛丽本人的照片） a photo of Mary's（玛丽拥有的照片，不一定是她本人） （五)中考题型精练 1.This is ______ room. The twin sisters share it. A. Lily and Lucy's B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lilys and Lucys D. Lily and Lucy 【答案】 A 【解析】共同所有，最后一个名词加's → Lily and Lucy's 2.The ______ shoes are under the bed. A. children B. child's C. childrens'  D. children's 【答案】 D 【解析】不规则复数children → children's 3.I need to buy some ______ clothes for the trip. A. boys B. boy's  C. boys'  D. boys's 【答案】 C 【解析】以s结尾的复数名词 → boys' 4.The cover ______ the book is torn. A. of B. to C. for D. at 【答案】 A 【解析】无生命物体用 of所有格 5.She is ______ classmate. A. a my sister  B. a classmate of my sister's C. a classmate of my sister D. my sister classmate 【答案】 B 【解析】双重所有格结构 → a classmate of my sister's 6.______ Day is on September 10th in China. A. Teacher's  B. Teachers'  C. Teachers D. The Teachers 【答案】 B 【解析】以s结尾的复数名词所有格 → Teachers' 7.This is ______. They are brother and sister. A. a photo of Mary  B. a photo of Mary's C. Mary's photo D. the Mary photo 【答案】 B 【解析】双重所有格（玛丽拥有的照片） → a photo of Mary's 8.The key ______ the car is missing. A. of B. to C. for D. with 【答案】 B 【解析】固定搭配 the key to...（钥匙的归属） 9.______ mother is a doctor? A. Who's B. Whose C. Who D. Whose's 【答案】 B 【解析】疑问所有格 Whose（谁的） 二、基础讲解 （一）词汇讲解 1. remind (v.) 含义： 提醒；使想起 用法： remind sb. to do sth. （提醒某人做某事） remind sb. of sth. （使某人想起某事） 例句： Please remind me to call Mom after school. （请提醒我放学后给妈妈打电话。） This song reminds me of my childhood. （这首歌让我想起童年。） 2. along (prep. & adv.) 含义： 沿着（介词）；向前（副词） 固定搭配： walk/drive along... （沿着……走/开车） 例句： We walked along the river. （我们沿着河边走。）→ 介词 Move along, please! （请向前走！）→ 副词 3. strict (adj.) 含义： 严格的，严厉的 用法： 在句子作表语或定语。常用短语：be strict with sb.对某人要求严格；be strict about sth对某事要求严格 例句： She is a strict teacher.（她是一位严格的老师。） My parents are strict with me . （我父母对我要求严格。） They are strict about mu studies. (他们对我的学业严格要求。） 4. serve (v.) 含义： 为……工作，供职；服务；招待；提供（食物） 用法： serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. （为某人提供某物） serve as （担任，扮演，作为……起作用） 例句： The waiter served us tea. （服务员给我们上了茶。） This box can serve as a table. （这个箱子可以当桌子用。） 5. carry (v.) 含义： 携带；搬运；传送 用法： carry sth. to... （把某物带到某处） carry out （执行） 例句： She carries a heavy bag every day. （她每天背着重包。） We must carry out the plan. （我们必须执行计划。） 6. across (prep. & adv.) 含义： 横过；穿过（从表面）（介词） 到对面（副词） 辨析： across（表面穿越） vs. through（内部穿越） 例句： Swim across the river carefully. （小心游过河。）→ 介词 He ran across to say hello. （他跑过来打招呼。）→ 副词 7. care (v. & n.) 含义： (v.) 关心；在意 (n.) 照料；小心 固定搭配： care about （关心） take care of （照顾） 例句： He doesn't care about money. （他不在乎钱。）→ 动词 Take care when crossing the road. （过马路要小心。）→ 名词 8. bring back (phrasal v.) 含义： 带回来；使回忆起 用法： bring sth. back 或 bring back sth. 例句： Please bring back my book tomorrow. （明天请把书带回来。） This photo brings back happy memories. （这张照片唤起了美好回忆。） 9. in front of (phrase) 含义： 在……前面（外部） 辨析： in front of（外部） vs. in the front of（内部前部） 例句： The car stopped in front of the house. （车停在房子前面。） The teacher stands in the front of the classroom. （老师站在教室前部。） （二）中考真题练习 1. Please ______ these books to the library for me. A. remind B. carry C. serve D. strike 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：“请帮我把这些书带到图书馆。” carry（携带/搬运）是唯一可接物理对象（books）的动词。 2. The idea ______ her when she was taking a shower. A. cared B. struck C. reminded D. served 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：“这个想法是她洗澡时突然想到的。” struck（strike的过去式）表“突然想到”，主语为“idea”。 3. The restaurant ______ delicious Italian food. A. strikes B. serves C. cares D. brings back 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：“这家餐厅提供美味的意大利菜。” 主语“restaurant”与 serves（提供食物）构成合理搭配。 4. This old photo ______ memories of my school days. A. carries out B. brings back C. reminds to D. strikes of 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：“这张旧照片唤起了我学生时代的回忆。” brings back（使回忆起）与“memories”直接呼应。 5. Could you ______ me to buy milk on your way home? A. remind B. carry C. serve D. strike 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：“你回家时能提醒我买牛奶吗？” remind sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，符合语境。 6. We walked ______ the beach and collected shells. A. care B. along C. across D. front 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：“我们沿着海滩散步并捡贝壳。” along（沿着）表示沿长条形区域（beach）移动。 7. Be careful when walking ______ the busy street. A. along B. across C. in front D. strike 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：“过繁忙街道时要小心。” across（横穿）强调从道路一边到另一边，与“dangerous”呼应。 8. Good friends always ______ about your feelings. A. bring B. care C. serve D. remind 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：“好朋友永远关心你的感受。” care about（关心）与“feelings”构成情感关怀搭配。 9. Don't stand ______ the car! It's dangerous. A. in the front of B. in front of C. along D. across 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：“别站在车前面！危险。” in front of（在外部前方）强调车辆外部危险区域。 10. The bell ______ at 8 a.m. to start the ceremony. A. cared B. struck C. reminded D. carried 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：“钟在早上8点敲响，仪式开始。” struck（strike的过去式）专指钟表“敲响”。 三、分层精练 （一）单项选择 1．—What do you think of Tony? —He’s a(n) ________ boy. He is good at every subject. A．different B．handsome C．excellent D．fun 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为Tony怎么样？——他是一个优秀的男孩。他擅长每门科目。 考查形容词辨析。different不同的；handsome帅气的；英俊的；excellent优秀的；fun令人愉快的。根据“He is good at every subject.”可知，Tony很优秀。故选C。 2．—Why don’t you buy the house? —The price is too high, and moreover (此外), the house is not in a suitable ________. A．decision B．position C．chance D．point 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么不买房子？——价格太高，此外，房子的位置也不合适。 考查名词辨析。decision决定；position位置；chance机会；point要点。结合“the house is not in a suitable”可知，此处指房子的位置也不合适。故选B。 3．The ________ collect and deliver letters and parcels every day. A．engineers B．cooks C．waiters D．postmen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：邮递员每天收集和递送信件和包裹。 考查名词辨析。engineers工程师；cooks厨师；waiters服务员；postmen邮递员。根据“collect and deliver letters and parcels every day”并结合选项可知，每天收集和递送信件和包裹，此处应指的是邮递员。故选D。 4．How surprising! Pigeons can ________ themselves in mirrors. A．recognize B．shake C．follow D．carry 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真是令人惊讶！鸽子能在镜子里认出自己。 考查动词辨析。recognize认出；shake摇晃；follow跟随；carry携带。根据“themselves in mirrors.”可知是可以在镜子里认出自己。故选A。 5．—Do you like my ________ farm?    —Of course, I like it very much. I’d like to visit it every week. A．uncle B．uncle’s C．uncles D．uncle’ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢我叔叔的农场吗？——当然了，我非常喜欢它。我想要每周都去参观它。 考查名词所有格。uncle叔叔，单数；uncle’s叔叔的；uncles叔叔，复数；uncle’无此形式。根据“Do you like my...farm?”可知，这里指“我的叔叔的农场”，是单数，名词所有格形式“my uncle’s farm”。故选B。 6．Mr. Wang was ill in hospital, so he is________ from today’s meeting. A．different B．absent C．active D．late 【答案】B 【详解】句意：王先生生病住院了，所以他缺席今天的会议了。 考查形容词辨析。different不同的；absent缺席的；active积极的；late迟到的。结合“Mr. Wang was ill in hospital, so he is ... from today’s meeting.”可知，这里指因生病，所以王先生缺席今天的会议，be absent from “缺席……”。故选B。 7．— Mum, which is better for today’s party. The jacket or the dress? — Well, you have to wear ________. It will be cold tonight, and a dress is not enough. A．each B．any C．some D．both 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，哪个更适合今天的派对，夹克还是裙子？——你得两件都穿。今晚会很冷，光穿条裙子是不够的。 考查代词辨析。each（两个或两个以上的人或物中）每个；any任何；some一些；both两者都。根据下文“and a dress is not enough”提示，光穿一条裙子还不够，夹克和裙子都要穿，故选D。 8．—Hey, Judy! Whose piano is this? Is it yours? —No. It’s my ________. We are twins, but we have different hobbies. A．father’s B．cousin’s C．mother’s D．sister’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嘿，朱迪！这是谁的钢琴？是你的吗？——不，这是我姐姐的。我们是双胞胎，但我们有不同的爱好。 考查名词辨析及’s所有格。father’s父亲的；cousin’s表姐的；mother’s母亲的；sister’s姐姐的。根据“We are twins”并结合选项可知，此处应是指钢琴是自己双胞胎姐妹的。故选D。 9．—John, when does the second class begin? Do you know? —Oh, listen! That’s the ________. Let’s go to class. A．bell B．reason C．door D．watch 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——约翰，第二节课什么时候开始？你知道吗？——哦，听！那是铃声。我们去上课吧。 考查名词辨析。bell铃，钟；reason原因；door门；watch表。根据“Let’s go to class.”可知，上课铃响了。故选A。 10．I can see ______ school ID cards in my ______ room. A．Mike and Tom’s; parents B．Mike’s and Tom’s; parents’ C．Mike and Tom; parents’ D．Mike’s and Tom; parents 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我能在我父母的房间里看到迈克和汤姆的学校身份证。 考查名词所有格。根据空格后“school ID cards”可知，此处指的是两人各自的学生证，应在两人名字后都应加上’s表示各自拥有；第二个空处应用名词复数的所有格，表达“在父母的房间”。故选B。 11．When Tim was asked why he was late for school, he just kept ________. A．clever B．silent C．serious D．careful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当蒂姆被问到为什么上学迟到时，他只是保持沉默。 考查形容词辨析。clever聪明的；silent沉默的；serious严肃的；careful仔细的。根据“why he was late for school”可知，他被问及迟到的原因时只是保持沉默，keep silent“保持沉默”。故选B。 12．This is _______ room. A．Kay and Kate’s B．Kay and Kate C．Kay’s and Kate’s D．Kay’s and Kate 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是凯和凯特的房间。 考查名词所有格。一样东西为两人共有，则后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。根据“This is…room”可知，房间是凯和凯特共有的，因此只需要在后面的Kate加上’s。故选A。 13．—Are there many shops ________ our school? —Of course. ________, there is a gift shop and a flower shop. A．across; Such as B．through; For example C．across; For example D．through; Such as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们学校对面有很多商店吗？——当然。比如有一个礼品店和一个花店。 考查介词和介词短语辨析。across在……对面；through穿过；Such as例如（其后一般不用逗号）；For example例如（其后要用逗号与其他成分隔开）。分析“Are there many shops...our school”可知，此处表示“在学校对面”，所以第一空应用介词across；第二空后有逗号，所以第二空应选For example。故选C。 14．—Mrs. Li is very popular with students. —Yes. Her classes are _________ fun. A．always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——李老师很受学生的欢迎。——是的。她的课总是很有趣。 考查副词辨析。always总是；sometimes有时；seldom很少；never从未。根据“Mrs. Li is very popular with students.”可推知，李老师的课总是很有趣。故选A。 15．—I like to look through old photos in my free time. —Me, too. Photos are silent, but they can ________ many memories. A．work out B．bring out C．make up D．bring back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我喜欢在空闲时间翻看旧照片。——我也是。照片是无声的，但它们能唤起许多回忆。 考查动词短语辨析。work out解出；bring out激发；make up形成，编造；bring back唤起。由“Photos are silent, but they can…many memories”可知，此处指它们能唤起许多回忆。故选D。 （二）单词拼写 16．My brother is a (英俊的) boy. 【答案】handsome 【详解】句意：我的弟弟是一个英俊的男孩。根据汉语提示，hansome“英俊的”；作定语修饰boy。故填handsome。 17．My mom (亲吻) me goodnight before I went to bed. 【答案】kissed 【详解】句意：妈妈在我睡觉前亲吻了我一下，说晚安。kiss“亲吻”，是动词；根据“before I went to bed”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，因此填kiss的过去式。故填kissed。 18．She gave her mother a warm h when she got home. 【答案】(h)ug 【详解】句意：当她到家时，给了妈妈一个温暖的拥抱。根据首字母提示以及“She gave her mother a warm...”可知，是给了妈妈一个拥抱，hug表示“拥抱”，a后接可数名词单数。故填(h)ug。 19．Can you tell me the quickest r to the station? 【答案】(r)oad 【详解】句意：你能告诉我去车站最快的路吗？根据“Can you tell me the quickest…to the station?”以及首字母可知，此处是指去车站最快的路，road“路”。故填(r)oad。 20．Students should f (遵守) the school rules. 【答案】(f)ollow 【详解】句意：学生应该遵守校规。follow the rules“遵守规则”，是固定短语，且情态动词“should”后接动词原形，故填(f)ollow。 21．He becomes s at the news without saying a word. 【答案】(s)ilent 【详解】句意：听到这个消息，他变得沉默，一言不发。根据“without saying a word.”可知变得沉默，一言不发。silent“沉默的”，become作为系动词时后跟形容词作表语。故填(s)ilent。 22． (follow) the traffic lights keeps us safe. 【答案】Following 【详解】句意：遵守交通信号灯让我们保持安全。“follow”为动词，意为“遵守”，此处需用动名词形式“Following”作句子主语。故填Following。 23．Miss Li is very s (严格的), but she sometimes is kind to us. 【答案】(s)trict 【详解】句意：李老师很严格，但她有时对我们很好。strict“严格的”，在句中作表语，故填(s)trict。 24．Helen, (serve) your aunt a cup of coffee, please! 【答案】serve 【详解】句意：海伦，请给你阿姨端一杯咖啡！“serve”是动词，意为“端上；服务”，在句子中作谓语。这是一个祈使句，以动词原形开头，用于直接发出命令或请求，符合“please”引导的祈使句结构。故填serve。 25．Bob is a good student. And he is never a from class. 【答案】(a)bsent 【详解】句意：鲍勃是一个好学生。而且他从不缺课。根据“Bob is a good student.”和首字母可知，鲍勃从不缺课，应填形容词absent；be absent from“缺席，不在场”。故填(a)bsent。 26．Can you tell me the (原因) why leaves turn yellow during autumn? 【答案】reason 【详解】句意：你能告诉我树叶在秋天变黄的原因吗？根据“Can you tell me…during autumn?”和中文提示可知，reason意为“原因；理由”，符合语境，故填reason。 27．Do you have any favourite food (memory)? 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：你有任何关于食物的美好记忆吗？分析题干可知，空处应填名词memory的复数形式memories表示泛指。故填memories。 28．Sandy (很少) goes out at weekends because reading takes up most of her free time. 【答案】seldom 【详解】句意：桑迪周末很少外出，因为读书占去了她大部分的空闲时间。结合汉语提示及分析句子结构可知，该句结构完整，应用副词seldom与之搭配。故填seldom。 29．Go (long) this road until you (see) the red sign. 【答案】 along see 【详解】句意：沿着这条路走，直到你看到红色的标志。根据“Go...(long) this road ”可知，此处是指沿着这条路走，go along意为“沿着”；see意为“看见”，动词，分析句子可知，主句是祈使句，从句需用一般现在时表示将来。主语是“you”，动词保持原形。故填along；see。 30．My father likes to (扛) my little sister on his shoulders. 【答案】carry 【详解】句意：我爸爸喜欢把我的小妹妹扛在肩膀。“扛”对应的英文为carry，like to do sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填carry。 （三）完成句子 31．He hides his care in his heart. (改为一般疑问句) he his care in his heart? 【答案】 Does hide 【详解】句意：他把关心藏在心里。原句时态为一般现在时，谓语为三单形式的实义动词hides，改为一般疑问句时，需借助助动词does，放置句首，首字母大写，主语后接动词原形hide。故填Does；hide。 32．Li Hua is in the Reading Club. (改为同义句) Li Hua the Reading Club. 【答案】is a member of 【详解】句意：李华在读书俱乐部。此句可表达为“李华是读书俱乐部的一员”；be“是”，时态为一般现在时，主语为“Li Hua”，用is；a member of…“……的一员”。故填is a member of。 33．Lisa is Peter’s friend. Lisa is also Ella’s friend. (合并为一个句子) Lisa is friend. 【答案】 Peter and Ella’s 【详解】句意：Lisa是Peter的朋友。Lisa也是Ella的朋友。分析句子，该句可以表达为“Lisa是Peter和Ella的朋友”，Lisa是两个人共同的朋友，应用连接词“and”连接两个名字，并在最后一个名字用所有格来表示共同的朋友关系。故填Peter；and；Ella’s。 34．Tears quietly run down his face. (改为否定句) Tears quietly down his face. 【答案】 don’t run 【详解】句意：泪水悄悄地顺着他的脸流了下来。原句时态为一般现在时，原句谓语run为实义动词，改为否定句时，应借助助动词don’t，后接动词原形run。故填don’t；run。 35．an important part, everyday, my, of, life, that’s . 【答案】That’s an important part of my everyday life 【详解】句意：根据所给词及标点可知，此句为陈述句，that’s“那是”，句首首字母大写；an important part“一个重要组成部分”；of“……的”；my“我的”；everyday life“日常生活”。故填That’s an important part of my everyday life“那是我日常生活的一个重要组成部分”。 36．他的父母对他总是很严格。 His parents are always very with him. 【答案】strict 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“对……很严格”，英文表达是be strict with。故填strict。 37．我很少吃蛋糕或糖果。 I eat cakes sweets. 【答案】 seldom or 【详解】对照中英文，设空处缺“很少”和“或者”，seldom“很少”，为副词；or“或者”，为连词。故填seldom；or。 38．Lily likes science best. (改为同义句) favourite is science. 【答案】 Lily’s subject 【详解】句意：莉莉最喜欢科学。本句可转换成同义句“莉莉最喜欢的科目是科学”，favourite前用名词所有格Lily’s，science属于学科，favourite后用名词subject表示“科目”。故填Lily’s；subject。 39．your, when, birthday, father’s, is ? 【答案】When is your father’s birthday 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知句子是一个特殊疑问句，时态是一般现在时，when引导特殊疑问句，位于句首，首字母大写，后接一般疑问句，is放在主语前，your father’s birthday作主语。故填When is your father’s birthday“你爸爸的生日是什么时候”。 40．他是一个有着蓝眼睛的帅气的男孩。 He is a boy blue eyes. 【答案】 handsome with 【详解】handsome“帅气的”，形容词作定语；with“有着”，with blue eyes“有着蓝眼睛的”，介词短语作后置定语，修饰boy。故填handsome；with。 （四）拓展延伸 使用下列单词的正确形式完成短文。 along mountain handsome touching serve absent On a sunny day, my family and I went on a picnic to a big 41 . We walked 42 a pretty path with lots of colourful leaves and animals. My dad looked 43 with his hat, leading the way. At the top, we saw a super pretty view. We ate delicious food and told stories. Even though my friend was 44 , being with my family made it special. 45 each other made our family bond stronger. It was really a 46 moment. 【答案】41．mountain 42．along 43．handsome 44．absent 45．Serving 46．touching 【导语】本文介绍了作者和家人去大山野餐的经历。 41．句意：在一个阳光明媚的日子，我和我的家人去一座大山野餐。由“my family and I went on a picnic to a big…”及备选词汇可知“mountain山”符合语境，是去山上野餐。故填mountain。 42．句意：我们沿着一条漂亮的小路走着，小径上有许多五颜六色的树叶和动物。walk along“沿着”，固定搭配。故填along。 43．句意：爸爸戴着帽子走在前面，显得很英俊。由“My dad looked…with his hat, leading the way”和备选词汇可知“handsome英俊的”符合语境，爸爸看上去很英俊。故填handsome。 44．句意：虽然我的朋友不在，但和家人在一起让这一天变得特别。由“Even though my friend was…, being with my family made it special”可知，朋友不在，备选词汇absent“缺席的”符合语境。故填absent。 45．句意：互相服务使我们的家庭关系更加紧密。由“…each other made our family bond stronger”可知，此处指家人之间互相服务，备选词汇serve“服务”符合语境，此处应用动名词作主语，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Serving。 46．句意：那真是一个感人的时刻。由“It was really a…moment”可知，此处是描述感受，备选词汇touching“感人的”符合语境，在此处作定语修饰名词moment。故填touching。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Family ties. Understanding ideals （语法讲解+词汇突破+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解：名词所有格 1 （一）概念 1 （二）'s所有格的构成与用法 1 （三）of所有格的构成与用法 2 （四）双重所有格的构成与用法 2 （五)中考题型精练 3 二、基础讲解 4 （一）词汇讲解 4 （二）中考真题练习 7 三、分层精练 7 （一）单项选择 7 （二）单词拼写 8 （三）完成句子 9 （四）拓展延伸 10 一、语法讲解：名词所有格 （一）概念 表示名词之间的所属关系（谁的），分为“'s所有格、of所有格、双重所有格”三种形式。 例：Tom的篮球 → Tom's basketball 例：教室的门 → the door of the classroom （二）'s所有格的构成与用法 1. 构成规则 名词类型 规则 例子 单数名词 直接加 's the boy's bag 以s结尾的复数名词 加 ' the teachers' office 不规则复数名词 加 's the children's toys 并列名词（共同所有） 最后一个名词加 's Tom and Jerry's car（共同的车） 并列名词（各自所有） 每个名词加 's Tom's and Jerry's cars（各自的车） 2. 用法场景 有生命的事物（人/动物）： the dog's tail, Mary's book 无生命事物（特殊表达）： 时间：today's newspaper 地点：the city's history 度量：ten minutes' walk （三）of所有格的构成与用法 1. 结构 被属物 + of + 所有者 例：the windows of the house（房子的窗户） 2. 用法场景 无生命事物： the color of the car, the name of the book 带限定词（the/this等）的名词： the friend of this girl（这个女孩的朋友） 较长修饰语的名词： the story of a poor old man（一位贫穷老人的故事） （四）双重所有格的构成与用法 1. 结构 a/an/some/any/数词 + 名词 + of + 's所有格/名词性物主代词 例：a friend of my father's（我父亲的一位朋友） 例：some books of hers（她的一些书） 2. 用法 用来表示整体中的一部分： two photos of my mine 3. 双重所有格和of所有格区别： a photo of Mary（玛丽本人的照片） a photo of Mary's（玛丽拥有的照片，不一定是她本人） （五)中考题型精练 1.This is ______ room. The twin sisters share it. A. Lily and Lucy's B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lilys and Lucys D. Lily and Lucy 2.The ______ shoes are under the bed. A. children B. child's C. childrens'  D. children's 3.I need to buy some ______ clothes for the trip. A. boys B. boy's  C. boys'  D. boys's 4.The cover ______ the book is torn. A. of B. to C. for D. at 5.She is ______ classmate. A. a my sister  B. a classmate of my sister's C. a classmate of my sister D. my sister classmate 6.______ Day is on September 10th in China. A. Teacher's  B. Teachers'  C. Teachers D. The Teachers 7.This is ______. They are brother and sister. A. a photo of Mary  B. a photo of Mary's C. Mary's photo D. the Mary photo 8.The key ______ the car is missing. A. of B. to C. for D. with 9.______ mother is a doctor? A. Who's B. Whose C. Who D. Whose's 二、基础讲解 （一）词汇讲解 1. remind (v.) 含义： 提醒；使想起 用法： remind sb. to do sth. （提醒某人做某事） remind sb. of sth. （使某人想起某事） 例句： Please remind me to call Mom after school. （请提醒我放学后给妈妈打电话。） This song reminds me of my childhood. （这首歌让我想起童年。） 2. along (prep. & adv.) 含义： 沿着（介词）；向前（副词） 固定搭配： walk/drive along... （沿着……走/开车） 例句： We walked along the river. （我们沿着河边走。）→ 介词 Move along, please! （请向前走！）→ 副词 3. strict (adj.) 含义： 严格的，严厉的 用法： 在句子作表语或定语。常用短语：be strict with sb.对某人要求严格；be strict about sth对某事要求严格 例句： She is a strict teacher.（她是一位严格的老师。） My parents are strict with me . （我父母对我要求严格。） They are strict about mu studies. (他们对我的学业严格要求。） 4. serve (v.) 含义： 为……工作，供职；服务；招待；提供（食物） 用法： serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. （为某人提供某物） serve as （担任，扮演，作为……起作用） 例句： The waiter served us tea. （服务员给我们上了茶。） This box can serve as a table. （这个箱子可以当桌子用。） 5. carry (v.) 含义： 携带；搬运；传送 用法： carry sth. to... （把某物带到某处） carry out （执行） 例句： She carries a heavy bag every day. （她每天背着重包。） We must carry out the plan. （我们必须执行计划。） 6. across (prep. & adv.) 含义： 横过；穿过（从表面）（介词） 到对面（副词） 辨析： across（表面穿越） vs. through（内部穿越） 例句： Swim across the river carefully. （小心游过河。）→ 介词 He ran across to say hello. （他跑过来打招呼。）→ 副词 7. care (v. & n.) 含义： (v.) 关心；在意 (n.) 照料；小心 固定搭配： care about （关心） take care of （照顾） 例句： He doesn't care about money. （他不在乎钱。）→ 动词 Take care when crossing the road. （过马路要小心。）→ 名词 8. bring back (phrasal v.) 含义： 带回来；使回忆起 用法： bring sth. back 或 bring back sth. 例句： Please bring back my book tomorrow. （明天请把书带回来。） This photo brings back happy memories. （这张照片唤起了美好回忆。） 9. in front of (phrase) 含义： 在……前面（外部） 辨析： in front of（外部） vs. in the front of（内部前部） 例句： The car stopped in front of the house. （车停在房子前面。） The teacher stands in the front of the classroom. （老师站在教室前部。） （二）中考真题练习 1. Please ______ these books to the library for me. A. remind B. carry C. serve D. strike 2. The idea ______ her when she was taking a shower. A. cared B. struck C. reminded D. served 3. The restaurant ______ delicious Italian food. A. strikes B. serves C. cares D. brings back 4. This old photo ______ memories of my school days. A. carries out B. brings back C. reminds to D. strikes of 5. Could you ______ me to buy milk on your way home? A. remind B. carry C. serve D. strike 6. We walked ______ the beach and collected shells. A. care B. along C. across D. front 7. Be careful when walking ______ the busy street. A. along B. across C. in front D. strike 8. Good friends always ______ about your feelings. A. bring B. care C. serve D. remind 9. Don't stand ______ the car! It's dangerous. A. in the front of B. in front of C. along D. across 10. The bell ______ at 8 a.m. to start the ceremony. A. cared B. struck C. reminded D. carried 三、分层精练 （一）单项选择 1．—What do you think of Tony? —He’s a(n) ________ boy. He is good at every subject. A．different B．handsome C．excellent D．fun 2．—Why don’t you buy the house? —The price is too high, and moreover (此外), the house is not in a suitable ________. A．decision B．position C．chance D．point 3．The ________ collect and deliver letters and parcels every day. A．engineers B．cooks C．waiters D．postmen 4．How surprising! Pigeons can ________ themselves in mirrors. A．recognize B．shake C．follow D．carry 5．—Do you like my ________ farm?    —Of course, I like it very much. I’d like to visit it every week. A．uncle B．uncle’s C．uncles D．uncle’ 6．Mr. Wang was ill in hospital, so he is________ from today’s meeting. A．different B．absent C．active D．late 7．— Mum, which is better for today’s party. The jacket or the dress? — Well, you have to wear ________. It will be cold tonight, and a dress is not enough. A．each B．any C．some D．both 8．—Hey, Judy! Whose piano is this? Is it yours? —No. It’s my ________. We are twins, but we have different hobbies. A．father’s B．cousin’s C．mother’s D．sister’s 9．—John, when does the second class begin? Do you know? —Oh, listen! That’s the ________. Let’s go to class. A．bell B．reason C．door D．watch 10．I can see ______ school ID cards in my ______ room. A．Mike and Tom’s; parents B．Mike’s and Tom’s; parents’ C．Mike and Tom; parents’ D．Mike’s and Tom; parents 11．When Tim was asked why he was late for school, he just kept ________. A．clever B．silent C．serious D．careful 12．This is _______ room. A．Kay and Kate’s B．Kay and Kate C．Kay’s and Kate’s D．Kay’s and Kate 13．—Are there many shops ________ our school? —Of course. ________, there is a gift shop and a flower shop. A．across; Such as B．through; For example C．across; For example D．through; Such as 14．—Mrs. Li is very popular with students. —Yes. Her classes are _________ fun. A．always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never 15．—I like to look through old photos in my free time. —Me, too. Photos are silent, but they can ________ many memories. A．work out B．bring out C．make up D．bring back （二）单词拼写 16．My brother is a (英俊的) boy. 17．My mom (亲吻) me goodnight before I went to bed. 18．She gave her mother a warm h when she got home. 19．Can you tell me the quickest r to the station? 20．Students should f (遵守) the school rules. 21．He becomes s at the news without saying a word. 22． (follow) the traffic lights keeps us safe. 23．Miss Li is very s (严格的), but she sometimes is kind to us. 24．Helen, (serve) your aunt a cup of coffee, please! 25．Bob is a good student. And he is never a from class. 26．Can you tell me the (原因) why leaves turn yellow during autumn? 27．Do you have any favourite food (memory)? 28．Sandy (很少) goes out at weekends because reading takes up most of her free time. 29．Go (long) this road until you (see) the red sign. 30．My father likes to (扛) my little sister on his shoulders. （三）完成句子 31．He hides his care in his heart. (改为一般疑问句) he his care in his heart? 32．Li Hua is in the Reading Club. (改为同义句) Li Hua the Reading Club. 33．Lisa is Peter’s friend. Lisa is also Ella’s friend. (合并为一个句子) Lisa is friend. 34．Tears quietly run down his face. (改为否定句) Tears quietly down his face. 35．an important part, everyday, my, of, life, that’s . 36．他的父母对他总是很严格。 His parents are always very with him. 37．我很少吃蛋糕或糖果。 I eat cakes sweets. 38．Lily likes science best. (改为同义句) favourite is science. 39．your, when, birthday, father’s, is ? 40．他是一个有着蓝眼睛的帅气的男孩。 He is a boy blue eyes. （四）拓展延伸 使用下列单词的正确形式完成短文。 along mountain handsome touching serve absent On a sunny day, my family and I went on a picnic to a big 41 . We walked 42 a pretty path with lots of colourful leaves and animals. My dad looked 43 with his hat, leading the way. At the top, we saw a super pretty view. We ate delicious food and told stories. Even though my friend was 44 , being with my family made it special. 45 each other made our family bond stronger. It was really a 46 moment. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$