Unit 1 Ancient Greece 古希腊神话故事（话题阅读精练）英语牛津上海版九年级上册

Unit 1 Ancient Greece 古希腊神话故事（话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Discovering Ancient Greece 阅读理解 说明文 约 200 词 介绍古希腊在哲学、艺术建筑、神话、民主等方面的成就及其对世界的影响。 实战演练 选词填空 记叙文 约 300 词 讲述一个人买了能做所有事的蜈蚣宠物，其做家务出色但买报纸因穿鞋拖延的故事。 阅读理解 A 记叙文 约 200 词 担忧未来的国王从快乐的修鞋匠身上学会不再恐惧未来的故事。 B 记叙文 约 200 词 通过鹅卵石与鱼的对话，阐述挑战和压力助人成长的道理。 完形填空 记叙文 约 200 词 银行出纳巴格特因两封举报信被调查，最终证明清白并获升分行经理，信实为其妻子所写。 短文填空 短文填空 记叙文 约 300 词 亨利因不满晚餐，在亲自做饭后才体会到父母的不易，从此不再对晚餐生气。 任务型阅读 任务型阅读 记叙文 约 200 词 老渔夫捕到会说话的金鱼，其妻子因贪婪不断提要求，最终失去一切回到贫穷生活。 时文阅读 Discovering Ancient Greece Ancient Greece, a civilization that flourished thousands of years ago, left an indelible mark on the world. It is a topic that not only enriches our understanding of history but also provides valuable insights into the roots of Western culture. The Greeks were pioneers in various fields. In the realm of philosophy, great thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emerged. Socrates, with his unique Socratic method, encouraged people to think critically and question the world around them. Plato founded the Academy, a place of learning that influenced generations. Aristotle, on the other hand, made significant contributions to a wide range of subjects, from ethics to biology. Greek art and architecture were equally remarkable. The Parthenon, a magnificent temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, stands as a testament to their architectural prowess. Its perfect proportions and intricate details continue to inspire architects today. Greek sculptures, such as the Venus de Milo, are renowned for their beauty and lifelike representations. The Greeks also had a rich mythology. Stories of gods and goddesses like Zeus, Hera, and Poseidon were an integral part of their culture. These myths were not only entertaining but also taught important moral lessons. For example, the story of Perseus and Medusa shows the power of courage and determination. Moreover, the ancient Greeks introduced the concept of democracy. In Athens, citizens had the right to participate in the decision - making process, which was a revolutionary idea at that time. Studying ancient Greece allows us to appreciate the achievements of this great civilization and understand how they have shaped the modern world. 【原文翻译】 探索古希腊 古希腊，一个在数千年前繁荣昌盛的文明，给世界留下了不可磨灭的印记。这一主题不仅丰富了我们对历史的理解，还为洞察西方文化的根源提供了宝贵视角。 希腊人在诸多领域都是先驱者。在哲学领域，涌现出了苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德等伟大思想家。苏格拉底凭借其独特的苏格拉底方法，鼓励人们批判性地思考并质疑周围的世界。柏拉图创立了学园，这个学习之地影响了一代又一代的人。另一方面，亚里士多德在从伦理学到生物学等广泛的学科领域都做出了重大贡献。 希腊的艺术和建筑同样令人瞩目。帕特农神庙，这座宏伟壮丽的神庙是献给女神雅典娜的，它见证了希腊人的建筑技艺。其完美的比例和错综复杂的细节至今仍激励着建筑师们。希腊雕塑，比如《米洛斯的维纳斯》，因其美丽和栩栩如生的呈现而闻名遐迩。 希腊人还有着丰富的神话传说。像宙斯、赫拉和波塞冬等诸神的故事是他们文化中不可或缺的一部分。这些神话不仅具有娱乐性，还传授了重要的道德教训。例如，珀尔修斯和美杜莎的故事展示了勇气和决心的力量。 此外，古希腊人引入了民主的概念。在雅典，公民有权参与决策过程，这在当时是一个具有革命性的想法。 研究古希腊能让我们欣赏这个伟大文明的成就，并理解它们是如何塑造现代世界的。 【长难句分析】 1.原句：Ancient Greece, a civilization that flourished thousands of years ago, left an indelible mark on the world. 翻译：古希腊，一个在数千年前繁荣昌盛的文明，给世界留下了不可磨灭的印记。 分析：“a civilization that flourished thousands of years ago” 是同位语，用来补充说明 “Ancient Greece” ，其中 “that flourished thousands of years ago” 是定语从句，修饰 “a civilization”，“flourished” 是从句中的谓语动词。句子主干是 “Ancient Greece left an indelible mark on the world”，“left” 是谓语，“an indelible mark” 是宾语，“on the world” 是状语。 2.原句：Socrates, with his unique Socratic method, encouraged people to think critically and question the world around them. 翻译：苏格拉底凭借其独特的苏格拉底方法，鼓励人们批判性地思考并质疑周围的世界。 分析：“with his unique Socratic method” 是伴随状语，表明苏格拉底采用的方式。句子主干是 “Socrates encouraged people to think critically and question the world around them”，“encouraged” 是谓语，“people” 是宾语，“to think critically and question the world around them” 是宾语补足语，用来补充说明 “people” 被鼓励去做的事情。 3.原句：The Parthenon, a magnificent temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, stands as a testament to their architectural prowess. 翻译：帕特农神庙，这座宏伟壮丽的神庙是献给女神雅典娜的，它见证了希腊人的建筑技艺。 分析：“a magnificent temple dedicated to the goddess Athena” 是同位语，对 “The Parthenon” 进行解释说明，“dedicated to the goddess Athena” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “temple”。句子主干是 “The Parthenon stands as a testament to their architectural prowess”，“stands” 是谓语，“as a testament to their architectural prowess” 是状语，表明帕特农神庙所代表的意义。 【重难词汇梳理】 1.ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/adj. 古代的；古老的 2.civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 文明；文化 3.flourish /ˈflʌrɪʃ/v. 繁荣；昌盛 4.indelible /ɪnˈdeləbl/adj. 不可磨灭的 5.pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱者；先锋 6.realm /relm/n. 领域；范围 7.philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/n. 哲学 8.remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/adj. 非凡的；卓越的 9.magnificent /mæɡˈnɪfɪsnt/adj. 壮丽的；宏伟的 10.testament /ˈtestəmənt/n. 证明；证据 11.prowess /ˈpraʊəs/n. 高超技艺；非凡才能 12.renowned /rɪˈnaʊnd/adj. 著名的；有名望的 13.mythology /mɪˈθɒlədʒi/n. 神话；神话学 14.integral /ˈɪntɪɡrəl/adj. 必需的；不可或缺的 15.democracy /dɪˈmɒkrəsi/n. 民主；民主制度 实战演练 一、选词填空 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次 A．washed    B．thinks    C． completely    D．alone    E. How about A man goes into a pet shop and tells the owner that he wants to buy a pet that can do everything. The shop owner suggests a faithful dog. The man replies, “Come on, a dog?” The owner asks, “ 1 a cat?” The man replies, “No way! A cat certainly can’t do everything. I want a pet that can do everything!” The shop owner 2 for a minute, then says, “I’ve got it! A centipede! (蜈蚣).” The man says, “A centipede? I can’t imagine a centipede doing everything, but okay... I’ll try a centipede.” He gets the centipede home and says to the centipede, “Clean the kitchen.” Thirty minutes later, he walks into the kitchen and... It’s spotlessly clean! All the dishes and bowls have been 3 , dried, and put away; the tables cleaned; the appliances sparkling; the floor waxed. He is 4 amazed. He says to the centipede, “go clean the living room.” A．furniture    B．what’s going on    C． experience    D．putting on    E. ever Twenty minutes later, he walks into the living room. The carpet has been vacuumed; the 5 cleaned and dusted; the pillows on the sofa plumped; Plants watered. The man thinks to himself, “This is the most amazing thing I’ve 6 seen. This really is a pet that can do everything!” Next he says to the centipede, “Run down to the corner and get me a newspaper.” The centipede walks out the door. 10 minutes later...no centipede. 20 minutes later...no centipede. 30 minutes later…no centipede. By this point the man is wondering 7 . So he goes to the front door, opens it, and there’s the centipede sitting right outside. The man says, “Hey!! I sent you down to the corner store 45 minutes ago to get me a newspaper. What’s the matter?!” The centipede says, “I’m going! I’m going! I’m just 8 my shoes!” 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．E 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个人去宠物店购买能做所有事情的宠物，店主推荐了蜈蚣，他带回家后让蜈蚣做家务，蜈蚣出色地完成了任务，但当他让蜈蚣去买报纸时，蜈蚣却因为穿鞋子花费了很长时间还没出发的故事。 1．句意：“猫怎么样？”店主问。根据上文“The man replies, ‘Come on, a dog?’ The owner asks”可知，店主在狗被拒绝后，接着推荐猫，“How about...”用于提出建议，意为“……怎么样？”，符合语境。故填E。 2．句意：店主想了一会儿，然后说：“我知道了！蜈蚣！”根据“for a minute, then says”可知，店主在推荐蜈蚣前有思考的过程，“thinks”是动词，意为“思考”，符合语义。故填B。 3．句意：所有的盘子和碗都被洗干净、擦干并收好了。根据“All the dishes and bowls have been..., dried, and put away”可知，盘子和碗在擦干前需要先清洗，“washed”是动词过去分词，意为“洗”，与“have been”构成被动语态。故填A。 4．句意：他完全惊呆了。根据“It’s spotlessly clean!... the floor waxed.”可知，厨房被打扫得一尘不染，这让他极其惊讶，“completely”是副词，意为“完全地”，修饰“amazed”。故填C。 5．句意：地毯已经用吸尘器吸过了；家具也被清洁和除尘了。根据“the carpet has been vacuumed; the... cleaned and dusted”可知，此处应填表示家具的名词，“furniture”意为“家具”，是不可数名词。故填A。 6．句意：这是我见过的最神奇的事情。根据“This is the most amazing thing I’ve... seen”可知，“ever”用于否定句或疑问句中，意为“曾经”，与现在完成时连用，强调这是从未有过的经历。故填E。 7．句意：到这时，这个人想知道发生了什么事。根据“10 minutes later...no centipede.... 30 minutes later…no centipede.”可知，蜈蚣长时间未归，他想知道原因，“what’s going on”意为“发生了什么事”，符合语境。故填B。 8．句意：我只是在穿我的鞋子！根据“Hey!!... What’s the matter?!”以及蜈蚣的回答可知，它还没出发是因为在穿鞋子，“putting on”意为“穿上”，与“shoes”搭配。故填D。 二、阅读理解 A Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he smile so brightly? The king decided to find out. The next day, the king dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home. “Please, sir, can you give some food to me?” asked the king. “Of course,” said the cobbler. “Why are you so happy?” “Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.” “But what if you don’t make enough money for food tomorrow?” “I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.” This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money. So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled (困惑的), but he wasn’t down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them. That evening the king went to the cobbler’s house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling. “How could you pay for the food today?” asked the king. “I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler “But what will you do tomorrow?” “I have faith. Everything will be fine.” “Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king. 1．Why was the king unhappy? A．Because he cared for his people. B．Because he loved his money. C．Because he worried about his future. D．Because he missed his family. 2．The king followed the cobbler home to find out ________. A．what he ate B．why he was happy C．if he had bread D．how much he made 3．The underlined (画线的) word “permit” means “________” in English. A．allow B．warn C．serve D．control 4．What’s the right order of the king’s feelings? A．happy→surprised→thankful B．surprised→moved→thankful C．moved→happy→surprised D．thankful→surprised→moved 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Happy King B．A Rich Cobbler C．How to Make Money D．Everything will Be Fine 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位总是担忧未来的国王通过观察一位快乐的修鞋匠，最终被其乐观态度感化的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“He always worried about what might happen in the future”可知，国王因担忧未来而不快乐。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“How could he smile so brightly? The king decided to find out”可知，国王跟随修鞋匠是为了探究他快乐的原因。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money.”可知，为了知道如果鞋匠赚不到足够的钱会发生什么，国王不允许任何人修鞋。“permit”在此意为“允许”，与“allow”同义。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“How could he smile so brightly?”可知，国王初见修鞋匠时看到他这么快乐很惊讶；根据“This touched the king.”可知，听到其快乐的原因后，国王被感动；根据“Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.”可知，最终国王被其信念感动而感谢他。国王的感情变化为从惊讶到感动再到感谢。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据“I have faith. Everything will be fine”可知，全文围绕修鞋匠的乐观态度展开，告诉我们，有信心，一切都会变好。选项D“一切都会好起来”最适合当标题。故选D。 B Once, a small pebble lay at the bottom of a wide, flowing river. Day after day, the water rushed over it, smoothing its rough edges (粗糙的边缘) and shaping it into something new. The pebble often wondered, “Why must I bear this lasting pressure? Why can’t I stay as I am?” One day, a fish swimming by noticed the pebble’s sad look. “Why do you hate the river?” the fish asked. “The water is not your enemy. It is your teacher.” The pebble didn’t believe the fish’s words. “A teacher? But it hurts. It changes me.” The fish smiled. “Yes, it changes you. But look at what you are becoming. You were once rough, but now you are smooth and beautiful. The river is not trying to harm you; it is helping you grow.” The pebble thought about this for a long time. As several days passed, it began to see the truth in the fish’s words. The river was not an enemy; it was a force of his change. The pebble realized that without the river’s lasting flow, it would have remained rough. In life, we are often like the pebble. We face challenges and pressures that we can’t deal with. We refuse to accept the change, fearing it will break us. But just as the river shapes the pebble, our struggles (抗争) shape us. They smooth our rough edges, and help us grow into stronger, wiser persons. The next time you feel the weight of the river, remember the pebble. Accept the flow happily, for it is not there to hurt you—it is there to improve you. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 1．What did the pebble think of its life at the bottom of the river at first? A．Busy and exciting. B．Simple and relaxing. C．Sad and stressful. D．Joyful and meaningful. 2．How did the fish describe the water to the pebble? A．As a challenge. B．As a teacher. C．As an enemy. D．As a stranger. 3．Which idea did the pebble agree on after understanding the fish’s words? A．The river was its enemy. B．The river was harming it. C．The river was helping it. D．The river was just passing by. 4．What is the main message of the story? A．Changes may break us sometimes. B．Rivers can change the shape of pebbles. C．Challenges and pressures in life help us grow. D．Fish are wise and can teach us important lessons. 5．What’s the best title for the story? A．The River’s Endless Flow: A Force to Fear B．Accepting Challenges: Lessons from a Pebble C．The Fish and the Pebble: A Perfect Friendship D．From Rough to Smooth: Life’s Gentle Shaping 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。通过鹅卵石与鱼的对话，阐述了生活中的挑战和压力如何帮助我们成长的主题。 1．细节理解题。根据“The pebble often wondered, ‘Why must I bear this lasting pressure? Why can’t I stay as I am?’”可知，鹅卵石最初对河流中的生活感到痛苦和有压力。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The water is not your enemy. It is your teacher.”可知，鱼将水描述为老师。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The pebble realized that without the river’s lasting flow, it would have remained rough.”可知，鹅卵石最终认同河流在帮助它改变。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“They smooth our rough edges, and help us grow into stronger, wiser persons.”可知，本文通过描述鹅卵石与鱼的对话，阐述了生活中的挑战和压力如何帮助我们成长的主题。即故事的核心信息是生活中的挑战和压力帮助我们成长。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕接受挑战和鹅卵石从抗拒到成长展开，标题需突出这一主题。B选项 “接受挑战：从鹅卵石中学到的教训” 最贴合故事主旨，最适合当标题。故选B。 三、完形填空 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文）： Mr Bagget, the cashier in a branch office of the Paris Bank,was a very 1 man who was always reliable in his work.But one day the president of the bank received a letter saying that Mr Bagget was 2 money.He put some inspectors（检察员）to check Mr Bagget’s bank,but the result showed that not a single cent was 3 .However,another letter came to the president’s desk,still saying that Mr Bagget was taking money from the bank.This time the president put more inspectors to check Mr Bagget’s bank and his wealth and the same 4 was got at last. The day after the second time of checking, “Mr Bagget,”the president said, "you’ve been working very hard and the result of checking also proves this. The post of the branch manager is   5 empty,and l think nobody else can be better than you to take that post.” After returning home that evening,Mr Bagget said to his wife,“Successful! Without the two letters,no one in the branch office would   6 me.Thank you, my dear.＂ 1．A．patient B．confident C．honest D．intelligent 2．A．managing B．counting C．refusing D．stealing 3．A．gone B．improved C．included D．required 4．A．direction B．conclusion C．reason D．solution 5．A．forever B．seldom C．certainly D．still 6．A．make friends with B．pay attention to C．shake hands with D．take charge of 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲了一个小故事，巴格特先生工作一向认真可靠，但是银行行长收到了两次举报巴格特先生偷钱的信，经过调查后，行长发现巴格特工作非常认真，然后任命他为分行经理，结果这两封信是巴格特爱人所写。 1．句意：巴格特先生是巴黎银行一家分行的出纳，他是一个非常诚实的人，工作一向可靠。 本题考查形容词辨析，A.patient意为“耐心的”；B.confident意为“自信的”；C. honest意为“诚实的”；D. intelligent意为“有智慧的”，根据who was always reliable in his work“他一向工作可靠”，可知他是诚实的，故答案选C。 2．句意：但有一天，银行行长收到一封信，说巴格特先生在偷钱。 本题考查动词辨析，A. managing意为“管理”；B. counting意为“计算”；C. refusing意为“拒绝”；D. stealing意为“偷”，根据前句他工作一向可靠，来信说他偷钱，可知，是转折关系，故答案选D。 3．句意：他让一些检查人员检查巴格特先生的银行，但结果显示没有一分钱消失。 A. gone意为“消失的”；B. improved意为“被改善”；C. included意为“被包含”；D. required意为“被需要”，由本句的but可知，没有一分钱丢失，故答案选A。 4．句意：这一次，行长派了更多的检查员检查巴格特的银行和他的财富，最后得出了同样的结论。 本题考查名词辨析，A. direction意为“方向”；B. conclusion意为“结论”；C. reason意为“原因”；D. solution意为“解决办法”，由but the result showed that not a single cent was gone以及空前的 the same 可知，结果都一样，故答案选B。 5．句意：你一直在努力工作，检查结果也证明了这一点。分行经理的职位还是空的，我想没有人比你更适合担任这个职位了。 本题考查副词辨析，A. forever意为“永远”；B. seldom意为“很少”；C. certainly意为“当然”；D. still意为“仍然”，根据所给空后面的句子l think nobody else can be better than you to take that post可知，行长想让他担任经理的职位，所以经理的位置仍然空着，故答案选D。 6．句意：成功！没有这两封信，分公司就没有人会注意我。谢谢你，亲爱的。 本题考查词组辨析，A. make friends with意为“和…交朋友”；B. pay attention to意为“注意”；C. shake hands with意为“和…握手”；D. take charge of意为“负责”，根据文章可知，Mr Bagget通过两封检举信更加证明了自己的人品，所以是这两封信让人们注意到了他，故答案选B。 【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。 例如题目3中，首先确定四个选项含义，A. gone意为“消失的”；B. improved意为“被改善”；C. included意为“被包含”；D. required意为“被需要”，由本句的but可知，没有一分钱丢失，故答案选A。 四、短文填空 "Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried loudly．"I'm not eating this!" Henry's mum and dad looked at each other．This was the second time this week that Henry had c 1 about his dinner． "We're going to let you take over dinnertime．You can pick the food and cook your meals，'Mum said． "Good．We're going to eat good food every night!" Henry answered． The next day，Henry sat down to write the meal p 2 "We're going to have chicken tonight，and noodles tomorrow，" Henry said． "Are we going to have anything e 3 besides chicken？We need to have at least one vegetable for each meal，"，said Mum． "We can have cabbage，"Henry said． After he finished shopping，it was time to make his f 4 meal．He believed that this would be his favourite meal．Since he had never cooked，his parents were both there to help him．"There's a lot to do，"Henry thought，as he looked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games outside while his parents were making dinner． It took almost two hours to cook．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and h 5 ．But he was so excited—he made dinner! "I don't like cabbage，" cried Sophia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had worked so hard on dinner，but it was i 6 to get everyone happy about every part of every meal! "I'm sorry．I didn't know this could be so hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began to r 7 how his parents felt every time at the dinner table． "It's OK，Henry．You worked really hard．We' ll take back dinner responsibilities．You'll have to do it enough when you're grown up，"Dad said． Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never got angry at dinner table again． 【答案】1．complained 2．plan 3．else 4．first 5．hungry 6．impossible 7．realize 【分析】文章主要讲Herry因对晚饭所吃的食物不满而爸妈提议以后让他自己做饭的故事。故事中，Herry按照计划好的菜单计划去购物，然后花了差不多两个小时的时间做好饭，最后他的妹妹却说不喜欢卷心菜。这时，他才意识到做大家都满意的饭菜是很难的，并意识到了每次父母吃饭时的感受，最后他得到了父母的理解并释怀了，以后再也不会在吃饭时生气了。 1．句意：这是亨利本周第二次抱怨他的晚餐了。 考查动词。由上文“Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!...I'm not eating this!”可知，“亨利不喜欢吃肉丸——他对晚饭不满”。那么，结合首字母提示可知空格处表示“抱怨（complain）”。再根据句子结构（had+过去分词）可知，题干应用过去完成时。故答案为complained。 2．句意：亨利坐下来写用餐计划。 考查名词。由下文“We're going to have chicken tonight，and noodles tomorrow”及首字母提示可知，上文句意为“亨利坐下来写用餐计划”，所以空格处应填plan，“计划”，名词。故答案为plan。 3．句意：除了鸡肉，我们还吃别的吗？ 考查形容词。由下文“We need to have at least one vegetable for each meal”及首字母提示可知，上文句意为“除了鸡肉，我们还吃别的吗？”所以空格处应填else，“其他的”，形容词，常用于不定代词后。故答案为else。 4．句意：他买完东西后，该是他做第一顿饭的时间了。 考查序数词。根据上下文及首字母提示可知，“这是亨利第一次做饭”，所以此空应填first，“第一”，序数词。故答案为first。 5．句意，当晚饭终于做好了，Herry（感到）又累又饿。 考查形容词。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填hungry，“饥饿的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故答案为hungry。 6．句意：但要让每个人对每顿饭的每一部分都感到高兴是不可能的！ 考查形容词。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填impossible，“不可能的”，形容词。It is/was+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.是固定句式，意为“（对某人而言）做某事是……”。故答案为impossible。 7．句意：他开始意识到他父母每次吃饭时的感受。 考查动词。begin to do sth.开始做某事，固定搭配。再根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填realize，“意识到”，动词。故答案为realize。 【点睛】题目要求根据首字母提示填写适当的单词补全短文，考查学生对语境的理解能力及对所学词汇的把握和运用能力。做题时，应先把上下文语境或句意与首字母提示结合起来，推出所需单词，然后根据语法知识填写单词的适当形式。 五、任务型阅读 Once upon a time, an old fisher man lived by the sea with his wife. They were very poor. One day, the fisherman caught a beautiful golden fish. The fish spoke to him in a human voice, “Please let me go, and I will give you anything you want.” The kind fisherman set the fish free without asking for anything. When he went back home, he told his wife about the golden fish. His wife shouted angrily, “You should have asked for a new wooden basin (木盆). Ours is broken!” Then the fisherman went to the seaside and asked the golden fish for it. And the fish met his need. After the wife got her new basin, she also wanted a wooden house. The fisherman had to go to the seaside again. After knowing the fisherman’s need, the fish satisfied him. Later, the wife wanted more——she wanted to be a noblewoman (贵妇) and even an empress. Each time, the fish satisfied her. However, the wife was not thankful for what she had and her greed (贪婪) grew. This time, she wanted to be the queen of the sea and hoped the fish could be her servant. The fisherman told the fish about this. Without saying anything, the fish swam away. When the fisherman went back home, he found their life was poor again. His wife stood in the old small house with her broken basin. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where did the old fisherman and his wife live? 2．What did the fish promise the fisherman? 3．Did the fisherman get anything from the golden fish himself? 4．What did the fisherman’s wife want after getting the new basin? 5．What can you learn from the story? 【答案】1．They lived by the sea. 2．The fish promised to give the fisherman anything he wanted. 3．No, he didn’t. 4．She wanted a wooden house. 5．We should be satisfied with what we have and not be greedy. / Greed leads to losing everything. / Being greedy can make you lose what you already have. / We need to be satisfied and not want too much. / Greed is bad and can take away our good life. (答案围绕 “知足、不贪婪” 即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个老渔夫捕到一条会说话的金鱼，金鱼满足了渔夫妻子从新木盆到想成为海中之王等一系列越来越贪婪的要求，最终因她的贪婪收回所有，让他们回到原本贫穷生活的故事。 1．根据“Once upon a time, an old fisher man lived by the sea with his wife.”可知，老渔夫和他的妻子住在海边。故填They lived by the sea. 2． 根据“The fish spoke to him in a human voice, ‘Please let me go, and I will give you anything you want.’”可知，金鱼承诺给渔夫任何他想要的东西。故填The fish promised to give the fisherman anything he wanted. 3．根据“The kind fisherman set the fish free without asking for anything.”可知，渔夫自己没有从金鱼那里得到任何东西。故填 No, he didn’t. 4．根据“After the wife got her new basin, she also wanted a wooden house.”可知，渔夫的妻子得到新木盆后想要一座木屋。故填She wanted a wooden house. 5．开放性试题，答案不唯一。示例：We should be satisfied with what we have and not be greedy. / Greed leads to losing everything. / Being greedy can make you lose what you already have. / We need to be satisfied and not want too much. / Greed is bad and can take away our good life.  (答案围绕“知足、不贪婪”即可) 试卷第10页，共11页 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Ancient Greece 古希腊神话故事（话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Discovering Ancient Greece 阅读理解 说明文 约 200 词 介绍古希腊在哲学、艺术建筑、神话、民主等方面的成就及其对世界的影响。 实战演练 选词填空 记叙文 约 300 词 讲述一个人买了能做所有事的蜈蚣宠物，其做家务出色但买报纸因穿鞋拖延的故事。 阅读理解 A 记叙文 约 200 词 担忧未来的国王从快乐的修鞋匠身上学会不再恐惧未来的故事。 B 记叙文 约 200 词 通过鹅卵石与鱼的对话，阐述挑战和压力助人成长的道理。 完形填空 记叙文 约 200 词 银行出纳巴格特因两封举报信被调查，最终证明清白并获升分行经理，信实为其妻子所写。 短文填空 短文填空 记叙文 约 300 词 亨利因不满晚餐，在亲自做饭后才体会到父母的不易，从此不再对晚餐生气。 任务型阅读 任务型阅读 记叙文 约 200 词 老渔夫捕到会说话的金鱼，其妻子因贪婪不断提要求，最终失去一切回到贫穷生活。 时文阅读 Discovering Ancient Greece Ancient Greece, a civilization that flourished thousands of years ago, left an indelible mark on the world. It is a topic that not only enriches our understanding of history but also provides valuable insights into the roots of Western culture. The Greeks were pioneers in various fields. In the realm of philosophy, great thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emerged. Socrates, with his unique Socratic method, encouraged people to think critically and question the world around them. Plato founded the Academy, a place of learning that influenced generations. Aristotle, on the other hand, made significant contributions to a wide range of subjects, from ethics to biology. Greek art and architecture were equally remarkable. The Parthenon, a magnificent temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, stands as a testament to their architectural prowess. Its perfect proportions and intricate details continue to inspire architects today. Greek sculptures, such as the Venus de Milo, are renowned for their beauty and lifelike representations. The Greeks also had a rich mythology. Stories of gods and goddesses like Zeus, Hera, and Poseidon were an integral part of their culture. These myths were not only entertaining but also taught important moral lessons. For example, the story of Perseus and Medusa shows the power of courage and determination. Moreover, the ancient Greeks introduced the concept of democracy. In Athens, citizens had the right to participate in the decision - making process, which was a revolutionary idea at that time. Studying ancient Greece allows us to appreciate the achievements of this great civilization and understand how they have shaped the modern world. 【原文翻译】 探索古希腊 古希腊，一个在数千年前繁荣昌盛的文明，给世界留下了不可磨灭的印记。这一主题不仅丰富了我们对历史的理解，还为洞察西方文化的根源提供了宝贵视角。 希腊人在诸多领域都是先驱者。在哲学领域，涌现出了苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德等伟大思想家。苏格拉底凭借其独特的苏格拉底方法，鼓励人们批判性地思考并质疑周围的世界。柏拉图创立了学园，这个学习之地影响了一代又一代的人。另一方面，亚里士多德在从伦理学到生物学等广泛的学科领域都做出了重大贡献。 希腊的艺术和建筑同样令人瞩目。帕特农神庙，这座宏伟壮丽的神庙是献给女神雅典娜的，它见证了希腊人的建筑技艺。其完美的比例和错综复杂的细节至今仍激励着建筑师们。希腊雕塑，比如《米洛斯的维纳斯》，因其美丽和栩栩如生的呈现而闻名遐迩。 希腊人还有着丰富的神话传说。像宙斯、赫拉和波塞冬等诸神的故事是他们文化中不可或缺的一部分。这些神话不仅具有娱乐性，还传授了重要的道德教训。例如，珀尔修斯和美杜莎的故事展示了勇气和决心的力量。 此外，古希腊人引入了民主的概念。在雅典，公民有权参与决策过程，这在当时是一个具有革命性的想法。 研究古希腊能让我们欣赏这个伟大文明的成就，并理解它们是如何塑造现代世界的。 【长难句分析】 1.原句：Ancient Greece, a civilization that flourished thousands of years ago, left an indelible mark on the world. 翻译：古希腊，一个在数千年前繁荣昌盛的文明，给世界留下了不可磨灭的印记。 分析：“a civilization that flourished thousands of years ago” 是同位语，用来补充说明 “Ancient Greece” ，其中 “that flourished thousands of years ago” 是定语从句，修饰 “a civilization”，“flourished” 是从句中的谓语动词。句子主干是 “Ancient Greece left an indelible mark on the world”，“left” 是谓语，“an indelible mark” 是宾语，“on the world” 是状语。 2.原句：Socrates, with his unique Socratic method, encouraged people to think critically and question the world around them. 翻译：苏格拉底凭借其独特的苏格拉底方法，鼓励人们批判性地思考并质疑周围的世界。 分析：“with his unique Socratic method” 是伴随状语，表明苏格拉底采用的方式。句子主干是 “Socrates encouraged people to think critically and question the world around them”，“encouraged” 是谓语，“people” 是宾语，“to think critically and question the world around them” 是宾语补足语，用来补充说明 “people” 被鼓励去做的事情。 3.原句：The Parthenon, a magnificent temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, stands as a testament to their architectural prowess. 翻译：帕特农神庙，这座宏伟壮丽的神庙是献给女神雅典娜的，它见证了希腊人的建筑技艺。 分析：“a magnificent temple dedicated to the goddess Athena” 是同位语，对 “The Parthenon” 进行解释说明，“dedicated to the goddess Athena” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “temple”。句子主干是 “The Parthenon stands as a testament to their architectural prowess”，“stands” 是谓语，“as a testament to their architectural prowess” 是状语，表明帕特农神庙所代表的意义。 【重难词汇梳理】 1.ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/adj. 古代的；古老的 2.civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 文明；文化 3.flourish /ˈflʌrɪʃ/v. 繁荣；昌盛 4.indelible /ɪnˈdeləbl/adj. 不可磨灭的 5.pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱者；先锋 6.realm /relm/n. 领域；范围 7.philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/n. 哲学 8.remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/adj. 非凡的；卓越的 9.magnificent /mæɡˈnɪfɪsnt/adj. 壮丽的；宏伟的 10.testament /ˈtestəmənt/n. 证明；证据 11.prowess /ˈpraʊəs/n. 高超技艺；非凡才能 12.renowned /rɪˈnaʊnd/adj. 著名的；有名望的 13.mythology /mɪˈθɒlədʒi/n. 神话；神话学 14.integral /ˈɪntɪɡrəl/adj. 必需的；不可或缺的 15.democracy /dɪˈmɒkrəsi/n. 民主；民主制度 实战演练 一、选词填空 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次 A．washed    B．thinks    C． completely    D．alone    E. How about A man goes into a pet shop and tells the owner that he wants to buy a pet that can do everything. The shop owner suggests a faithful dog. The man replies, “Come on, a dog?” The owner asks, “ 1 a cat?” The man replies, “No way! A cat certainly can’t do everything. I want a pet that can do everything!” The shop owner 2 for a minute, then says, “I’ve got it! A centipede! (蜈蚣).” The man says, “A centipede? I can’t imagine a centipede doing everything, but okay... I’ll try a centipede.” He gets the centipede home and says to the centipede, “Clean the kitchen.” Thirty minutes later, he walks into the kitchen and... It’s spotlessly clean! All the dishes and bowls have been 3 , dried, and put away; the tables cleaned; the appliances sparkling; the floor waxed. He is 4 amazed. He says to the centipede, “go clean the living room.” A．furniture    B．what’s going on    C． experience    D．putting on    E. ever Twenty minutes later, he walks into the living room. The carpet has been vacuumed; the 5 cleaned and dusted; the pillows on the sofa plumped; Plants watered. The man thinks to himself, “This is the most amazing thing I’ve 6 seen. This really is a pet that can do everything!” Next he says to the centipede, “Run down to the corner and get me a newspaper.” The centipede walks out the door. 10 minutes later...no centipede. 20 minutes later...no centipede. 30 minutes later…no centipede. By this point the man is wondering 7 . So he goes to the front door, opens it, and there’s the centipede sitting right outside. The man says, “Hey!! I sent you down to the corner store 45 minutes ago to get me a newspaper. What’s the matter?!” The centipede says, “I’m going! I’m going! I’m just 8 my shoes!” 二、阅读理解 A Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he smile so brightly? The king decided to find out. The next day, the king dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home. “Please, sir, can you give some food to me?” asked the king. “Of course,” said the cobbler. “Why are you so happy?” “Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.” “But what if you don’t make enough money for food tomorrow?” “I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.” This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money. So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled (困惑的), but he wasn’t down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them. That evening the king went to the cobbler’s house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling. “How could you pay for the food today?” asked the king. “I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler “But what will you do tomorrow?” “I have faith. Everything will be fine.” “Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king. 1．Why was the king unhappy? A．Because he cared for his people. B．Because he loved his money. C．Because he worried about his future. D．Because he missed his family. 2．The king followed the cobbler home to find out ________. A．what he ate B．why he was happy C．if he had bread D．how much he made 3．The underlined (画线的) word “permit” means “________” in English. A．allow B．warn C．serve D．control 4．What’s the right order of the king’s feelings? A．happy→surprised→thankful B．surprised→moved→thankful C．moved→happy→surprised D．thankful→surprised→moved 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Happy King B．A Rich Cobbler C．How to Make Money D．Everything will Be Fine B Once, a small pebble lay at the bottom of a wide, flowing river. Day after day, the water rushed over it, smoothing its rough edges (粗糙的边缘) and shaping it into something new. The pebble often wondered, “Why must I bear this lasting pressure? Why can’t I stay as I am?” One day, a fish swimming by noticed the pebble’s sad look. “Why do you hate the river?” the fish asked. “The water is not your enemy. It is your teacher.” The pebble didn’t believe the fish’s words. “A teacher? But it hurts. It changes me.” The fish smiled. “Yes, it changes you. But look at what you are becoming. You were once rough, but now you are smooth and beautiful. The river is not trying to harm you; it is helping you grow.” The pebble thought about this for a long time. As several days passed, it began to see the truth in the fish’s words. The river was not an enemy; it was a force of his change. The pebble realized that without the river’s lasting flow, it would have remained rough. In life, we are often like the pebble. We face challenges and pressures that we can’t deal with. We refuse to accept the change, fearing it will break us. But just as the river shapes the pebble, our struggles (抗争) shape us. They smooth our rough edges, and help us grow into stronger, wiser persons. The next time you feel the weight of the river, remember the pebble. Accept the flow happily, for it is not there to hurt you—it is there to improve you. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 1．What did the pebble think of its life at the bottom of the river at first? A．Busy and exciting. B．Simple and relaxing. C．Sad and stressful. D．Joyful and meaningful. 2．How did the fish describe the water to the pebble? A．As a challenge. B．As a teacher. C．As an enemy. D．As a stranger. 3．Which idea did the pebble agree on after understanding the fish’s words? A．The river was its enemy. B．The river was harming it. C．The river was helping it. D．The river was just passing by. 4．What is the main message of the story? A．Changes may break us sometimes. B．Rivers can change the shape of pebbles. C．Challenges and pressures in life help us grow. D．Fish are wise and can teach us important lessons. 5．What’s the best title for the story? A．The River’s Endless Flow: A Force to Fear B．Accepting Challenges: Lessons from a Pebble C．The Fish and the Pebble: A Perfect Friendship D．From Rough to Smooth: Life’s Gentle Shaping 三、完形填空 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文）： Mr Bagget, the cashier in a branch office of the Paris Bank,was a very 1 man who was always reliable in his work.But one day the president of the bank received a letter saying that Mr Bagget was 2 money.He put some inspectors（检察员）to check Mr Bagget’s bank,but the result showed that not a single cent was 3 .However,another letter came to the president’s desk,still saying that Mr Bagget was taking money from the bank.This time the president put more inspectors to check Mr Bagget’s bank and his wealth and the same 4 was got at last. The day after the second time of checking, “Mr Bagget,”the president said, "you’ve been working very hard and the result of checking also proves this. The post of the branch manager is   5 empty,and l think nobody else can be better than you to take that post.” After returning home that evening,Mr Bagget said to his wife,“Successful! Without the two letters,no one in the branch office would   6 me.Thank you, my dear.＂ 1．A．patient B．confident C．honest D．intelligent 2．A．managing B．counting C．refusing D．stealing 3．A．gone B．improved C．included D．required 4．A．direction B．conclusion C．reason D．solution 5．A．forever B．seldom C．certainly D．still 6．A．make friends with B．pay attention to C．shake hands with D．take charge of 四、短文填空 "Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried loudly．"I'm not eating this!" Henry's mum and dad looked at each other．This was the second time this week that Henry had c 1 about his dinner． "We're going to let you take over dinnertime．You can pick the food and cook your meals，'Mum said． "Good．We're going to eat good food every night!" Henry answered． The next day，Henry sat down to write the meal p 2 "We're going to have chicken tonight，and noodles tomorrow，" Henry said． "Are we going to have anything e 3 besides chicken？We need to have at least one vegetable for each meal，"，said Mum． "We can have cabbage，"Henry said． After he finished shopping，it was time to make his f 4 meal．He believed that this would be his favourite meal．Since he had never cooked，his parents were both there to help him．"There's a lot to do，"Henry thought，as he looked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games outside while his parents were making dinner． It took almost two hours to cook．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and h 5 ．But he was so excited—he made dinner! "I don't like cabbage，" cried Sophia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had worked so hard on dinner，but it was i 6 to get everyone happy about every part of every meal! "I'm sorry．I didn't know this could be so hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began to r 7 how his parents felt every time at the dinner table． "It's OK，Henry．You worked really hard．We' ll take back dinner responsibilities．You'll have to do it enough when you're grown up，"Dad said． Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never got angry at dinner table again． 五、任务型阅读 Once upon a time, an old fisher man lived by the sea with his wife. They were very poor. One day, the fisherman caught a beautiful golden fish. The fish spoke to him in a human voice, “Please let me go, and I will give you anything you want.” The kind fisherman set the fish free without asking for anything. When he went back home, he told his wife about the golden fish. His wife shouted angrily, “You should have asked for a new wooden basin (木盆). Ours is broken!” Then the fisherman went to the seaside and asked the golden fish for it. And the fish met his need. After the wife got her new basin, she also wanted a wooden house. The fisherman had to go to the seaside again. After knowing the fisherman’s need, the fish satisfied him. Later, the wife wanted more——she wanted to be a noblewoman (贵妇) and even an empress. Each time, the fish satisfied her. However, the wife was not thankful for what she had and her greed (贪婪) grew. This time, she wanted to be the queen of the sea and hoped the fish could be her servant. The fisherman told the fish about this. Without saying anything, the fish swam away. When the fisherman went back home, he found their life was poor again. His wife stood in the old small house with her broken basin. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where did the old fisherman and his wife live? 2．What did the fish promise the fisherman? 3．Did the fisherman get anything from the golden fish himself? 4．What did the fisherman’s wife want after getting the new basin? 5．What can you learn from the story? 试卷第10页，共11页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$