Unit 1 重点词汇（词性分类，同步课件）英语牛津上海版九年级上册

Words Unit 1 Ancient Greece 1 知识点1：名词 1. plain n. 平原e. g. They came down from the mountains onto the plain. 他们从山上下到平原。 【注解】a wide，level area of land 2.wood n.[un]木材；树林e. g. The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of wood. 这个士兵用一根木头把这个男孩从洪水中救了出来。【知识拓展】wooden adj.木制/质的e. g. Help yourself to the history books on the wooden shelves by the window! 随便看窗边书架上的历史书！ 3.Trojan n.特洛伊人【知识拓展】Trojans n.[pl.] 4.German n.德国人【知识拓展】Germans n.[pl.] 5.success n. 成功e. g.Yaoming’s success depends on his efforts. 姚明的成功取决于他的努力。 【知识拓展1】successful adj. 成功的 e. g. Yanling’s successful performance has already attracted the director’s attention. 闫丽的成功表演已经吸引了导演的注意。 【知识拓展2】succeed v. 成功 e. g. He has succeeded in making a lot of money.他成功地赚了很多钱。 【常用搭配】succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth = manage to do sth 成功地做某事 知识点2：动词及词组 1.appear v. 出现e. g. A woman appeared at the far end of the street. 一个女人远远出现在街的尽头。 【知识拓展1】disappear v. 消失 e.g. The snow will soon disappear when the warm weather comes. 天气变暖时，雪很快就会融化. 【知识拓展2】appearance n. 出现 e.g. He had the appearance of a college student. 他的模样就像个大学生。 【同义词】vanish v. 消失 e.g. With a wave of his hand, the magician made the rabbit vanish. 魔术师手一挥兔子便不见了. 2. capture v. 抓住；夺得； 引起 e. g. They have tried for ten years to capture our city. 他们花了十年的时间才夺得了我们的城市。 The police failed to capture the rubbers. 警察没能抓住盗窃者。 【同义词】seize v. 抓住；占领；起获 e . g. The Greeks seized the captain on the hill finally. 希腊人最后抓住了山上的首领。 3.drag 拉；拖；拽（重物） e. g. The car hit the man and dragged him along the road. 这辆车撞上了这个男人，然后沿着这条路拖着他。 【知识拓展】pull 拉；push 推 e. g. To pull another hand into the light. 将另一双手拉进光明。 Open-ended questions push things in that direction. 开放式问题能够把谈话推往那个方向。 4.include v. 包括，常用—ing形式作状语，用逗号与前面部分分开。e. g. There are twelve people at the party, including myself. 聚会上包括我在内共有12个人。 【知识拓展】including prep.包括 e. g. Stars including Joan Collins are expected to attend. 包括琼·柯林斯在内的明星们，届时预计会参加。 5.take… with sb 随身带走某物 e. g. They have taken everything with them. 他们随身带走了所有的东西。 6.make jokes about 拿…开玩笑 e. g. Mary is the fattest student in our class, so we often make jokes about her. 玛丽是我们班最胖的学生，所以我们经常拿她开玩笑。 7.make sure 确保；确信 e. g. Make sure all the windows are closed when you leave the classroom. 当你离开教室时确保所有窗户都关上了。 【知识拓展1】make sure + 从句e. g. I make sure (that) he would come. 我确信他回来。 【知识拓展2】make sure + to doe. g. Make sure to top up the water level so that is always remains the same.一定要把水注满使水平高度总保持不变。 知识点3：介词及词组 1. at a time (相同行为中)的每一次 e. g. Take the pills two at a time. 每次服两粒。 【知识拓展】each time 每一次 e. g. To be taken three times a day, two ( tablets ) each time. 日服三次，每次两片。 2.beyond prep. 超过；在….远处 e. g. The new housing estate stretches beyond the playing-field. 新的住宅区一直延伸到游乐场的那一边。 e. g. If you travel beyond China, you’ll come to Mongolia and Russia. 如果你旅行超过中国边界，你就会来到外蒙古和俄国。 【同义词】past；on the far side ofe. g. I must have driven past that place thousands of times. 我得有上千次开车经过那里。 e. g. On the far side of this down was a broad, well - kept road. 在这片山岗的尽头是一条修筑得很好的宽阔大道。 3.except prep. 除了（不包括在内） e. g. You may drop in at any time except at noon. 除了中午，你任何时候来都可以。 【知识拓展1】except for 除了（整体中的某一点），一般先总体评价（好），后局部说明（缺点，不足）。e. g. I can answer all the questions except for the last one. 除了最后一题外，所有题目我都可以解答。 【知识拓展2】except that + 从句， “除了”（不包括在内）e. g. It was a good hotel except that it was rather noisy. 这家旅馆还不错，只可惜吵。 【知识拓展3】besides prep. 除了（包括在内） e. g. I have another blue pen besides this one. 除了这枝外，我还有另一枝蓝色钢笔。 【知识拓展4】beside prep. 在…旁边e. g. I moved from behind my desk to sit beside her. 我从桌子后面走到她身边坐了下来。 4. by prep. 不迟于 e. g. We had to get there by evening. 我们必须在夜晚前抵达那里。 【知识拓展1】by prep. 通过某种手段或途径，后面长接+n/pron/-inge. g. For ten years, they could not capture the city by fighting. 在上长达10年的时间里，他们没能通过战争征服这个城市。 【知识拓展2】in prep. 用…方式 (1) in+语言 表示“用…语言” (2) in+语调 表示“用…声音” (3) in+笔墨 表示“用…材料” (4) in+颜色 表示“穿着…颜色的” e. g. The foreigner spoke to us in English. 这个外国人用英语跟我们说话。 e. g. He told me he would leave for America in a low voice. 他低声告诉我他要前往美国。 e. g. He writes a letter in ink. 他用墨水写信。 e. g. The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我的姐姐。 【知识拓展3】with prep. 用 …工具；手段 e. g. He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头打碎了玻璃。 e. g. We see with our eyes, and hear with our ears. 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听。 5. through prep. 凭借；以….e. g. They succeeded in capturing the city through a trick.他们巧用了一个计策成功地夺取了这个城市。 【知识拓展】 prep. 穿过；通过e. g. Go straight through that door under the EXIT sign.从“安全出口”标志下的那道门直穿过去。 知识点4：副词 1.no longer 不再 e. g. Take the pills two at a time. 每次服两粒。 【知识拓展】no longer = not any longer；no more = not any more e. g. He is no longer a child. = He is not a child any longer. 他不再是一个孩子了。 e. g. I no more believe him. = I do not believe him any more. 我不再相信他了。 2. securely adv. 安全地 e. g. Then the Trojans make sure all the gates of the city were securely locked. 然后特洛伊人确信城市的所有大门都安全地锁上了。 e. g. The chemicals in the bottle are dangerous and it must be securely locked in the lab. (secure) 瓶子里的化学成分是危险的，它必须被安全地锁在实验室里。 【知识拓展1】secure adj. 安全的e. g. Swaddle your newborn baby so that she feels secure. 把你刚出生的孩子用襁褓包裹住，这样她会有安全感。 【知识拓展2】security n.[un] 安全e. g. It’s an open secret that the security service bugged telephones. 安全部门窃听电话是人人皆知的秘密。 知识点5：形容词 1.Greek adj. 希腊(人/语)的e. g. I had to learn Greek. 我不得不学习希腊语。 【知识拓展】Greece n. 希腊 e. g. They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning. 他们认为古代希腊罗马是知识的重要发源地。 2.main adj. 主要的；最重要的 e. g. My main problem is not having any money. 我最重要的问题是没有钱。 【知识拓展】mainly adv. 主要地；最重要地 e. g. He raises crops mainly for the use of his family. 他种农作物主要是为了家庭自用。 3.dark adj. 黑暗的 e. g. My main problem is not having any money. 我最重要的问题是没有钱。 【知识拓展】darkness n. 黑暗 e. g. The baby was filled with alarm at the darkness and the noise. 在黑暗和嘈杂的声音中，婴儿饱受惊吓。 Using 1．He bought a new electric car with three         .(wheel) 2．As we all know, every            has the duty to make our city more beautiful. (city). 3．I have never           (lie) to anyone since that time I was taught an important lesson. 4．I          (use) this pen for a long time but it’s still good. 5．Mary          (write) more than 9 books since 1990. 6．You’d better follow his advice. After all, he has         (practise) law for nearly twenty years. 7．I         （be） a teacher in Tibet for 40 years. 8．—Turn off the radio, dear. Baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He        (wake) up. 9．Have you ever          (see) such a beautiful bird? 10．I have          (mistake) Lucy for Lily many times, for they look so alike. 20 Keys 参考答案： 1．wheels 【详解】句意：他买了一辆新的三轮电动车。空格前有基数词“ three”，名词用复数形式。故填wheels。 2．citizen 【详解】句意：众所周知，每个公民都有责任让我们的城市更加美丽。根据“…has the duty to make our city more beautiful.”，并结合所给词可知，此处应该是“公民”，英文表达是citizen，这里every修饰单数名词。故填citizen。 3．lied 【详解】句意：自从那次我受到重要的教训以来，我从未对任何人撒谎。此处填过去分词与have构成现在完成时。故填lied。 4．have used 【详解】句意：这支笔我已经用了很长时间了，但它仍然很好用。use“使用”，动词；根据“for a long time”可知，此句为现在完成时，主语为I，谓语结构为have done。故填have used。 5．has written 【详解】句意：自1990年以来，玛丽已经写了超过9本书。根据“since 1990”可知此处用现在完成时，结构是“has+done”，主语是“Mary”，助动词用has；动词write的过去分词为written。故填has written。 6．practised 【详解】句意：你最好听从他的建议。毕竟，他从事法律工作已经将近二十年了。该句为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，所以此处应用动词过去分词形式，故填practised。 7．have been 【详解】句意：我在西藏当了40年的老师。根据“for 40 years”可知时态是现在完成时。主语是I，助动词用have。故have been。 8．has woken 【详解】句意：——关掉收音机，亲爱的。宝贝正在睡觉。——没有必要。他已经醒了。根据“There is no need”可知宝贝在对话发生前就已经醒了，动作发生在过去。设空处的动作强调的是影响，因此设空处用现在完成时（have/has done），主语是He，结合所给动词wake，因此是has woken。故填has woken。 9．seen 【详解】句意：你见过这么漂亮的鸟吗？分析题干可知，本题时态是现在完成时，结合提示词可知，空格处应填动词see“看见”的过去分词seen。故填seen。 10．mistaken 【详解】句意：我已经把Lucy错认成Lily许多次了，因为她们看起来如此地像。根据“many times”可知，句子应用现在完成时，空处应用mistake的过去分词mistaken，与空前的have构成现在完成时的谓语结构。故填mistaken。 21 Using 11．Great changes have          (take) place in the past 20 years. 12．The computer system is designed to          store the information. (secure) 13．When my mother gets home, I          (finish) all my homework already. 14．I don’t know about him, although I          (meet) him several times. 15．It is the third time he          (read) the novel called The Devotion of Suspect X. 16．China’s first female pilot          (complete) their first solo flight recently. 17．My father has          in this city for seven years since he moved here.（live） 18．You are supposed          (manage) your time better and go to bed earlier. 19． —That’s a nice mobile phone. —It is. I          (have) it for two months. 20．The cost of living             recently. （rise）. 22 Keys 11．taken 【详解】句意：在过去的20年里发生了巨大的变化。根据“in the past 20 years”可知，时态用现在完成时，结构为“have done”，take过去分词为taken。故填taken。 12．securely 【详解】句意：计算机系统的设计是为了安全地存储信息。根据“The computer system is designed to...store the information. (secure)”可知，空处应填入副词securely“安全地”，修饰动词store。故填securely。 13．have finished 【详解】句意：当我妈妈到家时，我已经完成了所有的作业。根据从句“When my mother gets home,”和句中“already”可知，主句的时态用现在完成时，其结构是have/has+过去分词，主语是I，助动词用have，动词finish“完成”的过去分词为finished。故填have finished。 14．have met 【详解】句意：我不了解他，虽然我见过他几次。根据“several times”可知，此处用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，结构是have done，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have met。 15．has read 【详解】句意：这是他第三次读名为《嫌疑人X的献身》的小说。根据“It is the third time he...”可知此处是结构It is the...time sb. have/has done sth.“这是某人第几次做某事”，主语是he，助动词用has。故填has read。 16．has completed 【详解】句意：最近中国首位女飞行员完成了首次单人飞行。根据“recently”一词可知，此句时态是现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done，China’s first pilot是第三人称单数，助动词需用has，complete需用过去分词completed。故填has completed。 17．lived 【详解】句意：自从我父亲搬到这里以来，他已经在这个城市住了七年了。live“居住”，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填lived。 18．to manage 【详解】句意：你应该更好地管理你的时间，早点睡觉。根据“are supposed…”可知，此处考查be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，固定搭配，此处应用动词不定式to manage。故填to manage。 19．have had 【详解】句意：——那是一部不错的手机。——是的，我已经买了两个月了。由for two months可知句子是现在完成时，即have/has+过去分词，主语是I，助动词用have，动词have的过去分词是had。故填have had。 20．has risen 【详解】句意：最近生活费用上涨了。根据“recently”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是“The cost of living”，助动词用has，故填has risen。 23 Using 21．We’re learning many subjects,           (include) English, math and so on. 22．The teacher says we          (grow) up for the past three years. 23．In the past few years, there have          (be) great changes in my hometown. 24．It’s been five years since he            (begin) to learn English. 25．The teacher’s thoughts          (influence) her students deeply in the last five months. 26．—Tom, the TV is not working. —Not again! It          (happen) twice this week. 27．China has           (spread) its traditional culture to the world since a long time ago. 28．I returned to China two weeks ago and since then I have             (keep) in touch with my friends by writing e-mails. 29．Their life          (change）a lot since they moved from the countryside to the city. 30．The man          (die) for two years. 24 Keys 21．including 【详解】句意：我们正在学习许多科目，包括英语、数学等等。根据“learning many subjects”可知，有很多学科包括英语、数学，因此此处用介词，including是介词形式。故填including。 22．have grown 【详解】句意：老师说我们在过去的三年里已经长大了。根据“for the past three years”可知符合“for+一段时间”，时态用现在完成时，主语是we, 谓语用“have+过去分词”结构，grow的过去分词是grown。故填have grown。 23．been 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了很大的变化。根据“In the past few years”可知时态是现在完成时have+过去分词，此空应填过去分词been，故填been。 24．began 【详解】句意：自从他开始学英语已经五年了。根据句意以及“It’s been five years since…”可知，本句的句型为：lt has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时态的句子。begin的过去式为began。故填began。 25．have influenced 【详解】句意：在过去的五个月中，老师的思想深深地影响着她的学生。根据“in the last five months”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语The teacher’s thoughts为复数，所给单词influence的过去分词为influenced。故填have influenced。 26．has happened 【详解】句意：——Tom，电视坏了。——又不工作了！这周已经发生两次了。根据“twice this week”可知，时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has done”，主语It为第三人称单数，助动词应用has；happen“发生”过去分词为happened。故填has happened。 27．spread 【详解】句意：自从很久以前，中国已经传播它的传统文化到全世界。spread“传播”，根据“has”和“since a long time ago”可知，此句的时态是现在完成时，横线处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填spread。 28．kept 【详解】句意：我两周前回了中国，从那以后我一直通过写电子邮件与朋友们保持联系。根据“since then I have”可知，空处用过去分词kept与have一起构成现在完成时。故填kept。 29．has changed 【详解】句意：自从他们从乡下搬到城里，他们的生活已经改变了很多。根据“since they moved from the countryside to the city.”可知，此处是现在完成时，对应的结构是have done，结合主语是第三人称单数，此处应用has done。故填has changed。 30．has been dead 【详解】句意：这个人已经死了两年了。根据“for two years”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has done，主语“The man”是第三人称单数，助动词应用has；die“死”是短暂性动词，应用“be dead”表示延续性，be动词过去分词为been。故填has been dead。 25 Using 31．In recent years, spring         (turn) into hot summer very quickly in our area. 32．He has always       (regret) spending so much time on computer games before the exam. 33．—          you          (finish) doing your homework? —Yes, I have. 34．I’m sorry that I have          (understand) you. 35．—How do we turn on the dish washer? —I          （tell） you many times. Weren’t you listening? 36．The           captured the city of Troy through a trick. (Greek) 37．The new discoveries in Sanxindui Ruin site          (help) people better understand the history of China so far. 38．The firemen           (control) the fire. You are out of danger now. 39．Although the old couple          for more than fifty years, they have never drifted apart. (marry) 40．The air-conditioner was not         fixed on the wall due to the carelessness of the engineer. (security) 26 Using 31．has turned【详解】句意：近年来，我们地区的春天很快就变成了炎热的夏天。根据“In recent years”可知，这是现在完成时的时间状语，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has turned。 32．regretted【详解】句意：他一直很后悔在考试前花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。空前有“has”，此句时态是现在完成时，动词regret”后悔“应用过去分词regretted。故填regretted。 33．     Have     finished【详解】句意：——你做完作业了吗？——是的，我做完了。根据答语“Yes, I have”可知，疑问句的第一个单词填have，have与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填Have；finished。 34．misunderstood【详解】句意：我很抱歉我误解了你。根据“I’m sorry that I have”可知，此处应当用反义词“误解”，结合have可知，此处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填misunderstood。 35．have told【详解】句意：——我们怎么打开洗碗机？——我已经告诉你很多次了。你没在听吗？由“many times”可知时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have told。 36．Greeks【详解】句意：希腊人用诡计攻占了特洛伊城。Greek希腊人，其复数形式为Greeks。根据句子结构可知，定冠词“the”后接复数名词表示某类人的总称。故填Greeks。 37．have helped【详解】句意：到目前为止，三星堆遗址的新发现帮助人们更好地了解了中国的历史。根据so far“目前为止”可知，现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词。主语discoveries复数，用have。help的过去分词是helped。故填have helped。 38．have controlled【详解】句意：消防队员已经控制了火势。你现在脱离了危险。根据“You are out of danger now.”可知，此处指的是“已经控制了火势”，表达影响性，所以用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是复数名词“The firemen”，所以此处应用have，故填have controlled。 39．have been married【详解】句意：尽管这对老夫妇已经结婚五十多年了，但他们从未分开过。marry“结婚”，非延续性动词，作谓语。句子时间状语是“for more than fifty years”，时态用现在完成时（have/has done），同时谓语变为可延续动词be married。主语是“the old couple”，助动词用have。故填have been married。 40．securely【详解】句意：由于工程师的粗心大意，空调没有牢固地固定在墙上。security“安全”，是名词，此处修饰动词，应用副词，结合后句可知空调没有牢固地固定在墙上。securely“安全地；牢固地”符合语境，故填securely。 27 see you again $$