Unit 2 Period3 lesson 3 Runnning and Fitness（分层作业）英语北师大版2019必修第一册

Unit 2 Period 3 Lesson 3 Runnning and Fitness分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.__________________缓解紧张 2.__________________厌烦的，不满的，无法忍受的 3.__________________对……有点厌烦 4.__________________一直 5.__________________对某人的答复 6.__________________尤其，特别 7.__________________得益于 8.__________________坚持 9.__________________有能力做 10.__________________担心 11.__________________阻止某人做某事 12.__________________(使)高兴/振作起来 13.__________________缓解疼痛 14.__________________详细地 15.__________________由于 16.__________________热身 17.__________________放松 18.__________________拟订，制订，起草 19.__________________确保 20.__________________满意地 【答案】 1.relieve tension 2.be fed up with 3.be a bit fed up with 4.all the time 5.response to sb. 6.in particular 7.benefit from/by 8.keep it up 9.be capable of 10.worry about 11.prevent sb (from)doing sth. 12.cheer up 13.relief from aches 14.in detail 15.due to 16.warm up 17.cool down 18.draw up 19.make sure 20.with satisfaction 二、单句填空 1. It’s impossible for human beings to hear waves of such a high __________ (frequent). 2. If you eat a reasonably __________ (balance) diet and do sports regularly, you will keep in good shape. 3. My father’s confidence is an __________(inspire) to me in my life. 4. My secretary leaves us next week, so we are advertising for a __________ (replace). 5. Judy spoke __________ (sharp) to her daughter, “If you don’t work hard, you will have no future”. 6. I don’t know whether the __________ (announce) will appear in tomorrow’s newspapers. 7. __________ (amazing), Harry Smith finished medical school in three years. 8. She’ll soon become a party member. She’s filled out a membership __________ (apply). 9. Make sure your goals are actually __________ (achieve) before setting them. 10. There has been no __________ (respond) to his remarks from the government. 答案：1. frequency 2. balanced 3. inspiration 4. replacement 5. sharply 6. announcement 7. Amazingly 8. application 9. achievable 10. response 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．长跑是一种很好的锻炼方式，它能增强你的抵抗力。(strengthen) . 2．她一贯在吃的方面特别挑剔。(be particular about) . 3．当你感到压力很大时，休个假是很有必要的。(It’s＋adj.＋to do...) . 4．我希望下面的这些建议将会对你适应新的学校生活有益。(beneficial) . 5．俗话说：“熟能生巧”。(as引导非限制性定语从句) ． 【答案】 1．The long-distance running is a good form of exercise which can strengthen your immune system. 2．It’s typical of her to be particular about what she eats. 3．It’s necessary for you to have a holiday when you are under great pressure. 4．I hope the following tips will be beneficial to you adapting to the new school life. 5．As the old saying goes，“Practice makes perfect”． 三、课文语法填空 Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1. particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you needn’t a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2. (equip)．It is a good way 3. (know) yourself and understand 4. you are capable of. Running can help you be 5. (health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and can also make your heart 6. (strong)．It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7. (get) health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 8. and make you 9. (relief) from aches or tension because of stress. If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10. (hurt)yourself.After a long run，you should not stop immediately. 答案： 1.In 　　　　 2.equipment　　3.to know　　 4.what　　　　5.healthy　 6.stronger　　 7.getting 　　　8.up 　　　　9.relieve 　　10.hurting 四、阅读理解 A What would it take to persuade you to exercise? A desire to lose weight or improve your figure? To keep you away from diseases? To live to a healthy old age? You'd think any of those reasons would be enough to get Americans exercising. Yet a vast majority of Americans have thus far failed to swallow the "exercise pill". Now a research by psychologists strongly suggests it's time to think of current well-being（幸福）and happiness as motivators for exercise instead of future health, weight loss and body image. Dr. Segar, one of the researchers, believes that immediate rewards are more motivating than distant ones. "People who say they exercise for the quality of life exercise more over the course of a year than those who say they value exercise for its health benefits." He said. ' Other studies have shown that what keeps people moving depends on age, sex and life circumstances. For those of college age, physical attractiveness typically heads the list of reasons to begin exercising, although what keeps them going seems to be the stress relief that a regular exercise program provides. The elderly, on the other hand, may get started because of health concerns. But often what keeps them exercising are the friendships and sense of community that may otherwise be missing from their lives. Improving daily well-being is the most influential factor for the women. Men indicate they are motivated by more distant health benefits, but this may be because men feel less comfortable discussing their mental health needs. "Exercise should be encouraged but the emphasis on weight loss, disease prevention and healthy aging should be reduced." Dr. Segar concluded. "Exercise can make people feel more energetic, less stressed and, yes, happier." 1．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Be free from diseases. B．Take some diet pills. C．Improve their figure. D．Keep physically active. 2．According to the passage, which of the following persons may exercise more in a year? A．Jane, who decides to lose weight. B．David, who exercises for future health. C．Mary, who enjoys exercising with her son.. D．Mark, who is suffering from a serious illness. 3．According to Paragraph 4, which group of people tends to exercise for friendship? A．Men. B．Women. C．The elderly. D．College students. 4．What is the author mainly arguing in the passage? A．Immediate rewards of exercise should be emphasized. B．Distant benefits should be the motivators for exercise. C．Feeling relaxed is more important than future health. D．Men and women take exercise for different purposes. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 【详解】试题分析：一项研究表明，为了现在的幸福感而锻炼的人比为减肥、保持健康而锻炼的人更能积极地坚持锻炼。 1．D词义猜测题。根据前文可知,美国人可以找到很多理由进行身体锻炼,但大多数美国人都不能做到积极锻炼,由此可知,D项与画线部分意义接近。 2．C推理判断题。根据第二段可知,研究表明,应将目前的幸福感作为锻炼的动力,而不是未来的健康、减肥和体形。结合第三段可知,和儿子一起享受锻炼的Mary一年中会做更多的锻炼。故答案为C。 3．C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"The elderly, on the other hand ...But often what keeps them exercising are the friendships and sense of community"可知,老年人倾向于为了友谊而锻炼。故答案为C。 4．A态度意图题。纵观全文,尤其是文章的第二段和最后一段可知,本文旨在强调应把现在的回报作为锻炼的动力,而不是减肥、疾病预防、健康老龄化,因此选A项。 B Physical education, or PE, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”. Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s study and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school. The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measure to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights. Not doing sports increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes,according to the American College of Sports Medicine. According to the President’s Council on Fitness,Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. 5．According to paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean? A．Making teens attach importance to exercise later. B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school. C．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise. D．Helping teens learn to make good plans. 6．What does the underlined word “hindered” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Measured. B．Prevented. C．Shown. D．Caused. 7．According to the PCFSN, doing sports ________. A．means making students choose between sports and studies B．helps students make good use of all their time C．means students adjust to their studies better D．helps students do better in their studies 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Why high school students should receive physical education. B．Why some schools consider physical education important. C．How schools can help students love doing sports. D．How high school students can live a better life. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍高中生为什么应该接受体育教育。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.(教导青少年健康生活方式的重要性，现在就制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年在成年后把锻炼放在首位)”可知，高中体育教育意味着让青少年重视以后的锻炼。故选A。 6．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.(积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法)”可知，积极的生活方式可以预防健康问题，由此可推知，画线词所在句意为“根据美国运动医学学院的数据，多达75%的医疗保健支出用于治疗某些疾病，而这些疾病是可以通过改变生活方式来预防的”，hinder意为“预防、阻止”，故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. (根据总统的健身、运动和营养委员会（PCFSN）的数据，每周进行5小时体育活动的学生学习成绩有所提高)”可知，根据PCFSN可知，做运动帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。 8．主旨大意题。第一段中的“But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly ‘yes’.(但是高中生应该上体育课吗？答案当然是肯定的)”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。故选A。 五、七选五 Online training is one of the fastest growing parts of the fitness industry. If you’re considering joining the online fitness community, consider these benefits and drawbacks. One of the most popular reasons for working out following an online video is that it offers ultimate convenience. No need to roll out of bed at 5 a. m. to attend that 6 a. m. boot camp class, which may end up being full when you arrive. 9 And what if you’re on the road? No problem. You can access your workout video through your phone. 10 Most online fitness programs are much less expensive than similar offline programs—most range in cost from $ 10 to $ 20 per month. Some are even free. For example, the online Les Mills+program offers a free 30-day trial of its 1,500-plus workouts. Online training also has broad offerings. When you head online, you have instructors from around the globe, all ready and willing to help you master your favorite moves. 11 Just because there isn’t a Krav Maga class in your area doesn’t mean you can’t go online to find one led by qualified instructors. All these are undoubtedly positive-online training provides fitness resources to general consumers wherever they are, without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio. 12 Very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer corrections based on your performance. 13 This is particularly concerning for beginners, as they’re more likely to do incorrectly. Besides, if you struggle with self-motivation and prefer a social workout environment, online fitness may not be for you. A．Another is the price. B．But it’s not without problems. C．The same goes for different types of exercise. D．However, online personal training isn’t for everyone. E．Instead, you can turn it on at home at your convenience. F．That being said, online workouts aren’t perfect when it comes to safety. G．This means you could perform exercises wrongly, or even unsafely, without knowing it. 【答案】9．E 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了在线健身的利与弊。 9．根据第二段的首句“One of the most popular reasons for working out following an online video is that it offers ultimate convenience. (跟着在线视频健身最流行的原因之一是它提供了极大的便利。)”可知，本段主要介绍了在线健身的优势之一是其便捷性。同时根据空前“No need to roll out of bed at 5 a. m. to attend that 6 a. m. boot camp class, which may end up being full when you arrive.(没有必要在早上5点从床上爬起来去参加早上6点的训练营课程，当你到达时，训练营可能会爆满。)”可知，此处提到你不必凌晨5点起床去参加6点的训练营课程，因此空处应与在线健身便利性的实际做法有关。E项“Instead, you can turn it on at home at your convenience.(相反，你可以在你方便时在家里打开课程。)”中提到的是实际的做法，符合语境。故选E。 10．根据空后“Most online fitness programs are much less expensive than similar offline programs—most range in cost from $ 10 to $ 20 per month. Some are even free.(大多数在线健身项目都比类似的线下项目便宜得多，每个月的费用从10美元到20美元不等。有些甚至免费。)”可知，本段谈论的是在线健身在价格方面的优势。A项“Another is the price.(另一个是价格)”能够概括段落的主要内容，同时A项中的“Another”与第二段首句中的“One”的呼应关系亦是提示。故选A。 11．根据第四段的首句“Online training also has broad offerings. (在线培训的内容也很广泛。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是在线健身可以提供多样的选择。同时根据空前“When you head online, you have instructors from around the globe, all ready and willing to help you master your favorite moves.(当你上网时，你有来自世界各地的教练，他们都准备好了，愿意帮助你掌握你最喜欢的动作。)”可知，网络上有来自全世界的教练已经准备好并愿意帮助你掌握你最喜欢的动作，空后“Just because there isn’t a Krav Maga class in your area doesn’t mean you can’t go online to find one led by qualified instructors.(仅仅因为你所在的地区没有Krav Maga课程并不意味着你不能在网上找到一个由合格的讲师带领的课程)”提到你所在的地区没有Krav Maga课程并不意味着你不能在网上找到一个。综上可知，空处应是在讲在网上能不受限制地开展多种多样的健身活动，故C项“The same goes for different types of exercise.(不同类型的运动也是如此。)”符合语境。故选C。 12．根据第一段最后一句“If you’re considering joining the online fitness community, consider these benefits and drawbacks.(如果你正在考虑加入在线健身社区，考虑一下这些好处和缺点。)”可知，文章既介绍了在线健身的优势，也介绍了在线健身的劣势。上文内容介绍的是优势，最后一段“Very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer corrections based on your performance.(很少有在线健身项目能让教练看到你，检查你的状态，并根据你的表现给出纠正。)”介绍的是劣势。因此空处应填一个承上启下的句子，引出在线健身的不足，故B项“But it’s not without problems.(但是，它也不是没有问题)”符合语境。故选B。 13．根据空前“Very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer corrections based on your performance.(很少有在线健身项目能让教练看到你，检查你的状态，并根据你的表现给出纠正。)”和空后“This is particularly concerning for beginners, as they’re more likely to do incorrectly. (这对初学者来说尤其重要，因为他们更可能做得不正确。)”可知，空处应是在线健身项目缺乏面对面指导的结果。G项“This means you could perform exercises wrongly, or even unsafely, without knowing it.(这意味着你可能在不知情的情况下错误地、甚至不安全地进行锻炼。)”说明了缺乏面对面指导的结果，故选G。 六、完形填空 My dad came to America from Greece at the very young age of fourteen. He 1 an average of fourteen hours per day, six to seven days a week, for over thirty­five years. Because of his 2 work, he owned many restaurants in New Jersey. He was proud of his achievements and what he could 3 for his family. When I was graduating from college, Dad told me he decided to 4 the restaurants and retire. “If you are graduating, my 5 is over. I have educated my children and provided for all of you. I am going to 6 .” “Great, but what will you do? I 7 know you cooking in the kitchen and serving customers. I can’t imagine you doing anything else,” I said. “I am going to play golf!” he 8 . “Golf? You have never played golf. I never heard you mention golf,” I was 9 . And then Dad began to play golf. He taught my brother and me the 10 and shared his interest with us. Dad would look at us and say, “If you live your life as you play the game of golf, you will be 11 .” He repeated often, “When you get to the green, stay focused and hit straight down the fairway (平坦球道). Don’t think about anything else, and just know where you want to put the ball. Do this and you will 12 your goals.” Dad wanted us to have 13 and to stay focused on them to achieve success. He also wanted us to 14 ourselves and take time to have fun with friends and family. Dad retired at the age of fifty­six and played golf every day until his death at the age of eighty­six. What a 15 role model! 1. A. worked B. studied C. practiced D. ran 2. A. dangerous B. light C. poor D. hard 3. A. care B. find C. say D. provide 4. A. open B. sell C. manage D. decorate 5. A. plan B. doubt C. job D. hobby 6. A. retire B. travel C. leave D. cook 7. A. still B. only C. even D. never 8. A. suggested B. accepted C. agreed D. replied 9. A. excited B. ashamed C. shocked D. satisfied 10. A. direction B. game C. custom D. language 11. A. strong B. special C. normal D. fine 12. A. reach B. change C. refuse D. keep 13. A. memories B. goals C. problems D. families 14. A. trust B. organize C. enjoy D. count 15. A. terrible B. great C. strange D. simple 【分析】本文写了作者的父亲把孩子们抚养成人，可以退休了。退休后开始打高尔夫球，直到去世。 【解答】（1）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.worked工作；B.studied学习；C.practiced练习；D.ran奔跑。句意：35年来，他平均每天工作14个小时，每周工作6到7天。根据"Because of his ________ work，he owned many restaurants in New Jersey."可知，由于父亲一直很努力地工作，他后来拥有了几家饭店，故选A。 （2）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dangerous危险的；B.light明亮的；C.poor贫穷的；D.hard艰苦的。句意：由于他的努力工作，他在新泽西拥有许多餐馆。由第一段"He ________ an average of fourteen hours per day，six to seven days a week，for over thirty﹣five years."中描述的时间和下文描述我父亲拥有多家餐馆。可知，父亲在三十五年期间工作（worked） "得很辛苦。故选D。 （3）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.care关心；B.find找到；C.say说；D.provide 提供，供养。句意：他为自己的成就和他能为家庭所做的一切感到自豪。由下文的provided for all of you可知，努力工作的父亲供养了全家。故选D。 （4）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.open打开；B.sell出售；C.manage管理；D.decorate装饰。句意：当我大学毕业时，爸爸告诉我他决定卖掉餐馆退休。由原文"Dad told me he decided to ________ the restaurants and retire."中父亲准备退休可知，父亲决定卖掉餐馆。故选B。 （5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.plan计划；B.doubt怀疑；C.job工作；D.hobby爱好。句意：如果你要毕业了，我的工作就结束了。由上文中提到Because of his work以及"Dad told me he decided to ________ the restaurants and retire.可推知，孩子毕业了，父亲的工作也就完成了。故选C。 （6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.retire退休；B.travel旅行；C.leave离开；D.cook烹饪。句意：我教育了我的孩子，为你们提供了一切。我要退休了。由上文"Dad told me he decided to ________ the restaurants and retire."可知，父亲要退休了。故选A。 （7）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.still仍然；B.only仅仅；C.even甚至；D.never从不。句意：太好了，但你会怎么做呢？我只知道你在厨房做饭和为顾客服务。由下文的"I can't imagine you doing anything else，" 可知，我只知道父亲会做饭。故选B。 （8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.suggested建议；B.accepted接受；C.agreed同意；D.replied回答。句意："我要去打高尔夫球!"他回答说。由上文"Great，but what will you do？"可知，父亲回应了我提出的疑问。故选D。 （9）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.shocked震惊的；D.satisfied满意的。句意："高尔夫球吗？你从来没打过高尔夫球。我从没听你提起过高尔夫，"我大吃一惊。由原文"Golf？You have never played golf.I never heard you mention golf，"可知，我从未听说过父亲会打高尔夫球，因此当我听父亲说他即将要打高尔夫球时，感到很震惊。故选C。 （10）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.direction指导；B.game游戏，运动；C.custom习俗；D.language语言。句意：他教我和哥哥玩这个运动，并和我们分享他的兴趣。由上文"Dad began to play golf."可推知，父亲教我和哥哥的正是打高尔夫球这项运动。故选B。 （11）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong强壮的；B.special特殊的；C.normal正常的；D.fine成功的。句意：爸爸会看着我们说："如果你像打高尔夫球一样生活，你就会成功。"由下文"Dad wanted us to have ________ and to stay focused on them to achieve success."可知这样做，你将会成功。故选D项。 （12）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.reach到达，实现；B.change改变；C.refuse拒绝；D.keep保持。句意：这样做，你就会达到你的目标。由上文的"just know where you want to put the ball."可知，集中精力进球，这样你才能实现目标。"reach one's goal"固定搭配达到目标"，故选A。 （13）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.memories记忆；B.goals目标；C.problems问题；D.families家人。句意：爸爸希望我们有目标，并专注于这些目标以取得成功。根据语境可知，父亲是叫我们树立目标。故选B。 （14）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.trust相信；B.organize组织；C.enjoy喜欢，受；D.count计数。句意：他还希望我们享受生活，花时间和朋友和家人一起玩。由下文的"to have fun with friends and family"可知，父亲同时也希望我们享受生活，有时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光。enjoy ourselves与have fun相呼应。故选C。 （15）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.terrible糟糕的；B.great棒的，伟大的；C.strange陌生的；D.simple简单的。句意：多么伟大的榜样啊!由原文"What a role model!"可知，父亲所做的一切，让他成为了我们心中伟大的偶像。故选B。 七、语法填空 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non­runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 9 (energy). If you don’t have enough time, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try. 【答案】1. longer 2. to see 3. dying 4. is 5. than 6. that/which 7. causes 8. strengthen 9. energetic 10. it/running 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$