Unit 2 Great minds 单元话题阅读理解练习-2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教牛津版）

Unit 2 Great minds 单元话题阅读理解练习 Unit 2 Great minds单元话题：科学家 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25九年级上·福建泉州·期末） Zhou Lei is a researcher at the Hubei Academy of Agricultural (农业的) Science. He won the China Youth May Fourth Medal. He also has made great progress in the improvement of rice over the years. So far he has bred (培育) 16 new kinds of rice, increasing grain (粮食) production by more than 1.5 billion kilograms. This makes sure China has enough grain to feed its people. Zhou has been offered chances to go abroad and exchange experience with others. One of the visits to the United States made Zhou realize that even though China was playing a leading role in rice research in the world, its agricultural industry was still behind other developed countries. After returning to China, Zhou began using his skills to help the country in agriculture. Instead of staying in an air-conditioned office, Zhou spent most of his time in the field. Breeding is hard, heavily affected by sunlight and temperature. So Zhou always took care of his crops 24 hours a day. Things don’t always run smoothly. In August, southern China experienced very high temperatures. This had a serious influence on the crops in Zhou’s field. However, Zhou never got downhearted. Zhou believed it opened a window for him to do further study. He said, “Sometimes we just need to find ways to get over high temperatures, and this also helps us choose the rice.” After going through tens of thousands of tries, Zhou and his team succeeded in creating new kinds of rice to meet the needs of people. 1．What did Zhou Lei do to help his crops? A．He asked others for help. B．He moved his crops to a cooler office. C．He watered his crops 24 hours a day. D．He worked in the field most of his time. 2．What does the underlined word “downhearted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Disappointed. B．Excited. C．Bored. D．Relaxed. 3．What has Zhou Lei done over the years according to the text? A．He has bred six new kinds of rice. B．He has won many international medals. C．He has made great progress in rice improvement. D．He has studied in an air-conditioned office all the time. 4．Which word can best describe Zhou Lei? A．Honest. B．Polite. C．Hard-working. D．Easy-going. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Zhou Lei’s personal life. B．The challenges of farming in China. C．The development of rice farming. D．Zhou Lei’s contributions to agriculture. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了周磊对农业的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“Instead of staying in an air-conditioned office, Zhou spent most of his time in the field.”可知，他大部分时间都在田里工作来帮助他的庄稼。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“This had a serious influence on the crops in Zhou’s field. However, Zhou never got downhearted.”可知，downhearted意思是“失望”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“After going through tens of thousands of tries, Zhou and his team succeeded in creating new kinds of rice to meet the needs of people.”可知，周磊这些年来做了在水稻改良方面取得了很大进展。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Instead of staying in an air-conditioned office, Zhou spent most of his time in the field.”可推知，周磊是勤奋的。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“After going through tens of thousands of tries, Zhou and his team succeeded in creating new kinds of rice to meet the needs of people.”可知，本文主要讲述了周磊对农业的贡献。故选D。 （24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期末） 66-year-old David G. Evans, from the UK, is a chemistry teacher in Beijing. He is famous in China for his fun chemical experiments (实验) online. When he was young, Evans became interested in China and wanted to learn more about it. His dream of visiting the country came true in 1987, when he went to a chemistry meeting in Nanjing. Evans came to China once or twice a year before moving to Beijing in 1996 to work there as a teacher. To show the wonders of chemistry to more people, Evans goes to different places in China. So far, he’s visited more than 300 cities across China, giving chemistry lessons and doing chemical experiments in schools, science museums and other places. To reach out to more students, Evans started posting videos of chemical experiments online in 2018. “I hope I can help students see the beauty of chemistry, and that some of them may become scientists,” he said. Evans has over 9.9 million followers online. He’s posted more than 500 videos and got over 23 million “likes”. After seeing his experiments, many students find chemistry is exciting and show an interest in it. For his contribution (贡献) to China, Evans got the Chinese Government Friendship Award in 2001, and the China International Science and Technology Cooperation Award in 2005. 1．What was the purpose of Evans’ first visit to China? A．To work as a teacher in Nanjing. B．To attend a chemistry meeting. C．To look for a job in China. D．To know more about Chinese history. 2．When did Evans start to work in Beijing? A．Nearly 30 years ago. B．In 1987. C．In 1995. D．23 years ago. 3．Why does Evans go to different places in China? A．To make more friends. B．To become more famous. C．To visit more places of interest. D．To let more people learn about chemistry. 4．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Evans helped many students get good grades. B．Evans wanted to be a scientist. C．Evans is an internet influencer. D．Evans gave English lessons online. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Evans stayed in China when he was a kid. B．Evans goes back to the UK once or twice a year. C．Evans hopes every child can become a scientist. D．Evans passed his love for chemistry to many Chinese students. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了来自英国的化学教师 David G. Evans 在中国的经历与贡献。他通过有趣的化学实验视频和全国各地的讲座，让更多中国学生对化学产生兴趣并理解化学的美妙。 1．细节理解题。根据“…when he went to a chemistry meeting in Nanjing.” 可知，Evans第一次来中国是为了参加一个化学会议。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Evans came to China once or twice a year before moving to Beijing in 1996…” 可知，Evans在1996年搬到北京，距离现在将近30年。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“To show the wonders of chemistry to more people, Evans goes to different places in China…” 可知，Evans去中国的不同地方是为了让更多人了解化学。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“He’s posted more than 500 videos and got over 23 million ‘likes’…” 可知，第四段主要讲述了Evans在网络上的影响力，说他是网络红人。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据文章内容，Evans通过化学实验视频，培养了许多中国学生对化学的兴趣。因此他将他对化学的热爱传递给了许多中国学生。故选D。 （24-25九年级上·云南昆明·期末）Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England in 1643, where he grew up on a farm. When he was a boy, he made lots of excellent inventions like a windmill (风车), a water clock and a sundial (日晷). However, Isaac didn’t get good marks at school. When he was 18, Isaac went to study at Cambridge University. He was very interested in physics and maths. But in 1665, the Great Plague, a terrible disease, spread in England, and Cambridge University had to close down. Isaac had to return to the farm. However, he continued studying and testing new things at home. One day when he was drinking a cup of tea in the garden, he saw an apple fall from a tree. He thought, “Why do apples fall down instead of going up?” From this, he formed the theory of gravity (万有引力). Gravity is an invisible force. Nobody can see it. But it pulls objects towards the Earth and keeps the planets moving around the Sun. Isaac made another important discovery. He called it “Three Laws of Motion” (三大运动定律). These laws explain how objects move. Isaac’s laws are still used today for sending rockets into space. Isaac Newton died in 1727. He was buried along with English kings and queens in Westminster Abbey in London. He was one of the greatest scientists who has ever lived. 1．Which of the following is NOT invented by Isaac? A．The sundial. B．The rocket. C．The windmill. D．The water clock. 2．What happened after Isaac returned to the farm? A．He had a terrible disease. B．He planted apple trees on the farm. C．He continued studying and testing new things. D．He went to study at Cambridge University again. 3．What does the underlined word “invisible” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．团结的 B．无穷的 C．强大的 D．看不见的 4．What can we infer (推断)from the text? A．Isaac is highly praised. B．Isaac died at an early age. C．Three Laws of Motion aren’t widely used today. D．The theory of gravity was discovered on purpose. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．Isaac Newton’s inventions. B．Isaac Newton’s theory of gravity. C．Isaac Newton’ s “Three Laws of Motion”. D．Isaac Newton’s life and his achievements. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了著名的科学家牛顿的生平和成就。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England in 1643, where he grew up on a farm. When he was a boy, he made lots of excellent inventions like a windmill (风车), a water clock and a sundial (日晷).”可知，Isaac发明了风车、日晷和水钟，但没有发明火箭。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, he continued studying and testing new things at home.”可知，Isaac返回农场后继续学习和测试新事物。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Gravity is an invisible force. Nobody can see it.”可知，引力是一种看不见的力量，没人能看到它。故推测划线单词“invisible”意为“看不见的”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“From this, he formed the theory of gravity (万有引力).”、“He called it ‘Three Laws of Motion’ (三大运动定律). These laws explain how objects move. Isaac’s laws are still used today for sending rockets into space.”以及“He was one of the greatest scientists who has ever lived.”可知，他的科学贡献非常重要，他的成就被高度赞扬。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了著名的科学家牛顿的生平和成就。故选D。 （24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）About 2,000 years ago, the king of Syracuse, Greece, asked a goldsmith (金匠) to make a gold crown (王冠). A few days later, the goldsmith brought the crown to the king. It was as heavy as the gold given to the goldsmith, but the color of the crown was a little strange. “Did the goldsmith steal some gold and mix other metals into it?” the king thought to himself. He then asked Arichimedes (阿基米德), his court scientist, to find out the truth. Archimedes thought about this problem day and night. One day he poured too much water in the bathtub (浴缸) while taking a bath. When he stepped into the bathtub, a lot of water flowed out from it. He suddenly shouted, “I found it!” The next day, Archimedes filled two bowls with water and put them in two larger containers. Next, he took a gold piece. It was as heavy as the crown. He then put the crown and the gold piece in each bowl. The water in both bowls overflowed (溢出) into the larger containers. Archimedes measured the amount (数量) of water in the two containers. The crown sent out more water than the gold piece did. It meant that there were some other metals mixed in the crown. These metals took up more space in the water than real gold did. Archimedes reported his finding to the king. Finally, the goldsmith confessed his guilt (承认罪行). 1．What does Archimedes do according to the passage? A．He is a goldsmith. B．He is a court scientist. C．He is a criminal. D．He is a teacher. 2．Put the events in the right order according to the passage. a. took a bath    b. made a crown    c. water flowed out from the bathtub d. put the crown into a bowl    e. filled the bowls with water    f. measure the amount of water A．a-b-c-d-e-f B．b-c-d-a-f-e C．b-a-c-e-d-f D．c-a-e-f-d-b 3．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The bathtub. B．The container. C．The crown. D．A gold piece. 4．What’s the personality of Archimedes according to the passage? A．Clever and hard-working. B．Funny and bright. C．Calm and humorous. D．Careful and warm-hearted. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The king was stupid. B．The goldsmith bought the crown. C．The crown was heavier than the gold. D．The gold of crown was mixed with other metals. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述古希腊叙拉古国王怀疑金匠在制作王冠时偷工减料，并请科学家阿基米德查明真相，最终阿基米德利用浮力原理发现王冠中掺有其他金属的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“he then asked Archimedes, his court scientist…”可知，Archimedes是王室科学家。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章顺序可知：“asked a goldsmith (金匠) to make a gold crown (王冠).”金匠制作皇冠(b)；“One day he poured too much water in the bathtub (浴缸) while taking a bath.”阿基米德洗澡(a)；“a lot of water flowed out from it”水从浴缸溢出(c)；“Archimedes filled two bowls with water and put them in two larger containers.”接着他往碗里倒水(e)；“He then put the crown and the gold piece in each bowl. ”将皇冠和金块分别放入(d)；“Archimedes measured the amount (数量) of water in the two containers.”并测量溢出水量(f)。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“ Next, he took a gold piece. It was as heavy as the crown.” 可知，阿基米德拿出和王冠一样重的金块，“It”指代的是前文中的“a gold piece”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。从文中“Archimedes thought about this problem day and night.” 和他推理的过程和结果可以看出他既聪明又勤奋。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“ t meant that there were some other metals mixed in the crown.” 可知，皇冠中参杂了其他金属。故选D。 （24-25九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）。 Deng Jiaxian (1924-1986) Deng Jiaxian was a Chinese physicist, known as the Father of China’s Atomic Bomb (原子弹). Born in Anhui Province, he had ever studied physics in America. After Deng’s graduation, he didn’t accept the high-paid positions and superb research conditions provided by the Americans. Instead, he returned to Beijing in 1950 to work on nuclear research (核能研究). Deng faced great difficulties at that time because there was no such research information to learn from and few scientists. It took them about a month to finish a stage of calculation and about a year to calculate it nine times. In October 1964, under Deng’s leadership, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb (原子弹). In June 1967, China’s first hydrogen (氢) bomb test was also carried out successfully. In 1979, an accident happened during one experiment, Deng picked up the broken pieces of the bomb himself instead of sending his team just because he knew the danger. Deng’s wife, a doctor, learned that Deng had touched the broken pieces of the atomic bomb, and ordered him to return to Beijing for a full body checking. The results showed that he had been badly hurt by deadly nuclear radiation (辐射). However, he still chose to return to the test site and continued to solve the problem himself. At the age of 62, Deng died because of the radiation. As a national hero, he was presented the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Medal in 1999. 1．When was Deng Jiaxian born? A．In 1950. B．In 1924. C．In 1986. 2．What does the underlined word “superb” mean in Paragraph 2? A．dangerous B．excellent C．different 3．Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage? ①China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. ②Deng returned to Beijing and work on nuclear research. ③Deng studied in the USA． ④Deng was exposed to deadly nuclear radiation. A．②③①④ B．②①③④ C．③②①④ 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Deng used abacuses for calculation because they made less mistakes. B．Deng never took safety measures when picking up the broken pieces of the bomb. C．Deng’s wife was greatly worried about Deng’s health condition. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A national hero who gave his whole life to China’s nuclear program. B．A Chinese sportsperson who achieved his dream with hard work. C．The history and development of China’s nuclear program. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国原子弹之父邓稼先的一生及其对祖国核事业发展的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“Deng Jiaxian (1924-1986)”可知，邓稼先出生于1924年。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“he didn’t accept the high-paid positions”和“provided by the Americans.”可知，他没有接受美国人提供的高薪职位和极佳的研究条件。划线单词的意思为“极佳的”，与选项B意思相近。故选B。 3．细节理解题。这篇文章是按照事情发展的顺序写的。根据第二段的“After Deng’s graduation, he didn’t accept the high-paid positions and superb research conditions provided by the Americans.”，和第二段的“he returned to Beijing in 1950 to work on nuclear research”，和第四段的“In October 1964, under Deng’s leadership, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb.”以及第五段的“The results showed that he had been badly hurt by deadly nuclear radiation”可知，邓稼先先是在美国学习，之后回到北京从事核研究工作，然后中国成功地试验了第一颗原子弹，然后一次实验事故中邓稼先受到了致命的核辐射。正确的顺序为③②①④。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Deng’s wife, a doctor, learned that Deng had touched the broken pieces of the atomic bomb, and ordered him to return to Beijing for a full body checking.”可推测，邓稼先的妻子非常担心邓稼先的健康状况。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国原子弹之父邓稼先的一生及其对祖国核事业发展的贡献。故选A。 （24-25九年级上·河北沧州·期中）Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be a dark place at night. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the phonograph (留声机), the motion picture camera, and over 1, 200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. Thomas Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11, 1847. His family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, when he was seven years old. There he attended school for a few months and was instead taught by his mother at home. In fact, he was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting (做实验) at a young age with electrical things at home. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. In his spare time, he still continued his experiments. Unfortunately, his first work experience did not end well. He lost the job when he accidentally set fire to the floor. Thomas Edison then worked for five years as a telegraph operator: but he continued to spend much of his time on the experiments. He got his first patent (专利) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity. Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a lot of inventions that greatly improved the quality of people’ s life all over the world. 1．What was not invented by Thomas Edison? A．The electric light. B．The telephone. C．The phonograph. D．The motion picture camera. 2．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1? A．Edison had a lonely childhood. B．Edison’s inventions were very popular. C．Edison was a highly creative inventor. D．Edison was interested in doing experiments. 3．Which is the right order of Thomas Edison’s experiences? ①Edison got his first job. ②Edison left school. ③Edison’s family moved to Michigan. ④Edison had his first patent. A．③②①④ B．②④③① C．②①③④ D．③①④② 4．Why did Edison lose his first job? A．Because his boss didn’t like him. B．Because he was too tired to work. C．Because he had no time to do experiments. D．Because he set fire to the floor of the train. 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Thomas Edison’s early life. B．Thomas Edison’s school life. C．A general introduction to Thomas Edison. D．Some wonderful inventions by Thomas Edison. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了托马斯·爱迪生的生平事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the phonograph (留声机), the motion picture camera, and over 1, 200 other things.”可知，电灯、留声机、电影摄影机都由爱迪生发明，电话不是他发明的。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“About every two weeks he created something new.”可知，爱迪生富有创造力，很频繁地发明新东西，所以他是一位极具创造力的发明家。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“His family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, when he was seven years old.”；“There he attended school for a few months and was instead taught by his mother at home.”；“When he was 12 years old, he got his first job.”和“He got his first patent(专利)in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity.”可知，爱迪生的家庭先搬到密歇根，然后他离开学校，接着获得工作，再后是获得专利。正确顺序为③②①④。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“He lost the job when he accidentally set fire to the floor.”可知，爱迪生因为“不小心放火烧了地板”而失去工作。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了爱迪生的生平和他的多项重要发明，故选C。 （24-25九年级上·河北保定·期中）On March 14, 2018, Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in the UK. Hawking is considered by many people to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe (宇宙) began with the Big Bang (大爆炸) and will end in black holes. His theory became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most-famous book is A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) , which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world. Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观的心态) . When Hawking was 21, he got a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and speak using a computer. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. He traveled around the world for science meetings, visiting every continent, including the Antarctic. In 1985, he took a train trip around China. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek and the Big Bang theory. He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. He hoped to travel into space one day. Hawking left us forever. One of the brightest scientific stars went dark. 1．What was Stephen Hawking? A．A movie star. B．A teacher. C．A scientist. D．A musician. 2．Which is the name of Hawking’s most famous book? A．Star Trek. B．A Brief History of Time. C．The Big Bang Theory. D．The Universe in a Nutshell. 3．What does the underlined word “will” mean in English? A．Future. B．Testament. C．Desire. D．Willpower. 4．How did Hawking celebrate his 60th birthday? A．He traveled to the Antarctic. B．He took a trip by hot-air balloon. C．He traveled into space. D．He took part in a science meeting in the UK. 5．Which statement is NOT TRUE about Hawking? A．Hawking was an Englishman. B．Hawking couldn’t talk or walk after the terrible illness. C．Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill.D．Hawking could talk with others through a computer. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了伟大的科学家Stephen Hawking的生平经历和对医学做出的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist”可知，霍金是一位科学家。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His most famous book is A Brief History of Time”可知霍金最著名的书就是A Brief History of Time。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“optimistic attitude”乐观心态可知，与其对应的应是“坚强的意志”，可推测，划线词will意为“意志，毅力”。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon.”可知，霍金通过乘坐热气球庆祝了自己60岁的生日。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段“When Hawking was 21, he got a serious illness...In 1985, he took a train trip around China.”可知霍金于21岁时患病，之后他周游世界参加科学会议，在1985年访问了中国，因此C项表述与文章内容不符。故选C。 （24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期中）What would life be like if you were a rocker, a soccer player, a professor at Stanford University, or even a Nobel Prize winner? Carolyn Bertozzi from the US lives such a cool life! Bertozzi won 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry. She became the year’s only woman winner in science and the eighth woman to receive the chemistry prize in history. Bertozzi won the prize for studying the sugar coats of cells (细胞). She has found a smart way to connect cells by connecting their sugar coats. The cells then have a green color so that scientists can see clearly where they are and how they move. This finding helps a lot in many ways, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases (传染病) and new treatments for cancer. Bertozzi said she was not very interested in chemistry until her second year at Harvard University. “The professors made the class very difficult.” she said, “My classmates were unhappy, but it matched my brain.” Besides doing science studies, Bertozzi lived a colorful life. She was a keyboarder (键盘手) in a rock band. “I even used to think about majoring in music,” she said. She also played soccer and won an athletic scholarship (体育奖学金) from Harvard. As a female (女性) scientist, Bertozzi tries to promote gender equality (性别平等). “In the late 1980s, maybe 10 percent of the students were female. There were one or two women in a lab, so we supported each other by starting a monthly get-together for the women students in the department.” 1．Why did Bertozzi win 2022 Nobel Prize? A．Because she invented a new treatment for cancer. B．Because she is the eighth female professor at Stanford University. C．Because she found a way to connect cells and make them clearer to see. D．Because she found a new type of cell with a green color. 2．How might Bertozzi describe her chemistry class in her second year at Harvard University? A．Difficult. B．Uninteresting. C．Useless. D．Not too hard. 3．How did Bertozzi promote gender equality in the 1980s? A．She set an award for women in science. B．She built a new lab for girls to do research. C．She increased the number of female students by 10 percent. D．She helped start a monthly get-together for women to support each other. 4．We can find this passage in the _________ part of a magazine. A．Festival B．Travel C．Famous People D．Food and Health 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了2022年诺贝尔化学奖获得者Carolyn Bertozzi取得的成就以及她丰富多彩的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“She has found a smart way to connect cells by connecting their sugar coats. The cells then have a green color so that scientists can see clearly where they are and how they move.”可知，Bertozzi获得2022年诺贝尔奖，因为她发现了一种连接细胞并使它们更清晰可见的方法。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Bertozzi said she was not very interested in chemistry until her second year at Harvard University. ‘The professors made the class very difficult.’ she said, ‘My classmates were unhappy, but it matched my brain.’”可知，Bertozz直到在哈佛大学的第二年才对化学很感兴趣，教授们让这门课变得很难，虽然她的同学们都不开心，但是这和她的大脑很匹配。由此推知，Bertozzi认为在哈佛大学第二年的化学课不太难。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the late 1980s, maybe 10 percent of the students were female. There were one or two women in a lab, so we supported each other by starting a monthly get-together for the women students in the department.”可知，Bertozzi在20世纪80年代通过帮助发起一个每月一次的女性聚会，使女性们互相支持来促进性别平等。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了2022年诺贝尔化学奖获得者Carolyn Bertozzi取得的成就以及她丰富多彩的生活。由此推知，我们能够在杂志的“著名人物”板块找到这篇文章。故选C。 重难语篇提升练 （2025·云南昆明·三模）Huang Xuhua (1926—2025), a great Chinese scientist, spent all his life making China stronger. His amazing achievements and strong spirit will always be remembered and will guide China’s future. Born in Guangdong, Huang saw his country suffer from foreign attacks. Because of these experiences, he made up his mind to study hard and use his knowledge to make his country stronger. In the 1950s, China began building nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang bravely joined this project. At that time, there wasn’t much modern technology, so this task was really challengeable. Huang and his team faced many challenges while keeping the project a secret. They mustn’t share their work with anyone outside their group, not even their families. So Huang was away from home for years. As they worked on designing the submarines, they faced many problems. For example, building a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was very difficult, and they couldn’t ask foreign experts for help. Instead, they had to depend on their own research and used simple tools to do the scientific work. Another major challenge was ensuring the submarine could stay stable (稳固的) underwater. After many tests, they gradually found solutions to these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China successfully built and tested its first nuclear submarine. This made China one of the few countries that could do this. Huang didn’t stop there. He continued to improve submarine technology and received many awards for his hard work, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. As we remember Huang Xuhua, we realize his life inspires us all. Young people should learn from his courage, bravery and resolutions. By facing challenges and working hard, we can help make China stronger and keep his spirit alive. 1．What can we know about Huang Xuhua from the text? A．He was a risk-taker who often acted with bravery. B．He was a common person who received many awards. C．He was a lonely person who preferred to work alone. D．He was a strong-willed person who kept trying for better. 2．What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Foreign experts. B．Huang Xuhua’s family. C．Huang Xuhua and his team. D．The nuclear submarines. 3．Which is NOT mentioned as a challenge in building China’s first nuclear submarine? A．China didn’t have modern technology. B．Foreign experts refused to help. C．Using simple tools for the scientific work. D．Keeping the submarine stable underwater. 4．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing facts. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To praise Huang’s efforts and his spirit. B．To explain how nuclear submarines work. C．To introduce the hard life of Huang Xuhua. D．To compare Chinese and foreign submarine technologies. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记，主要讲述了中国科学家黄旭华的生平事迹及其对中国核潜艇事业的贡献，强调了他的坚韧精神和对国家的奉献。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“His amazing achievements and strong spirit will always be remembered”和第4段“He continued to improve submarine technology and received many awards”可知，黄旭华意志坚定且不断追求进步。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“Huang and his team faced many challenges... They mustn’t share their work with anyone outside their group”可知，“They”指代黄旭华及其团队。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“they couldn’t ask foreign experts for help”可知，文中未提及“外国专家拒绝帮助”，而是主动无法求助。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“China successfully built and tested its first nuclear submarine... He continued to improve... received many awards”可知，作者通过列举事实 (如核潜艇成功研制、获奖) 支持段落主旨。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。全文通过黄旭华的事迹 (如克服困难、获奖) 赞扬其奉献精神和坚韧品质。根据文章首尾段“His strong spirit will always be remembered... we realize his life inspires us all”可知，写作目的是赞颂黄旭华。故选A。 （24-25九年级下·广东·期末）There was a girl who read every book she could get her hands on, and who was dying to share what she learned with the world. She was Wang Zhenyi (1768—1797), a famous woman scientist and poet from the Qing dynasty. In the late 1700s, women were usually expected to cook, clean, and have babies. However, when Zhenyi was young, she wanted to learn everything. Her grandfather was once an official and had a collection of over 75 bookshelves. He was her first teacher in astronomy. Her father studied medical science and was the person who taught her medicine, geography, and math. Her grandmother was her teacher of poetry. Zhenyi learned a lot from her family, but that didn’t mean she just had her nose in a book. While Chinese scientists and philosophers had studied stars for ages, Zhenyi did something quite interesting and new. She used her skills and math knowledge to explain what was happening in the sky. When she was 23, to explain how solar and lunar eclipse (日食月食) happened, Zhenyi used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the sun and a round mirror to act as the moon. She moved the mirror around the table under the light and showed that when the sun, moon, and Earth were on a line, sunlight was stopped and so eclipse happened. At the age of 16, Zhenyi journeyed throughout the country with his father. As she did, she saw not only the beauty, but also the problems of her country—the rich were getting richer and paid the poor little attention. Zhenyi also noticed that women were often hidden away from the outside world, working at home for the family. She wanted to capture it all—each moment of her travels. She wanted other people to see, to know, to understand, so she wrote poems and showed them to the public. Zhenyi got married at the age of 25 and continued to work as an astronomer and poet but died young 4 years later. In total, Wang Zhenyi wrote more than 12 books about science and poems. While many of her writings have been lost, her helps to science continue to be studied today. And in 1994, scientists even named a crater on Venus (金星陨石坑) after her! As she famously wrote in one of her poems, “Do you not believe, daughters can also be heroic?” 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．The problem Wang Zhenyi found in her travel. B．The difficulties Wang Zhenyi faced in her life. C．The general details of Wang Zhenyi’s life story. D．The important discoveries made by Wang Zhenyi. 2．Which of the following best describes Wang’ family? A．Strict but interesting. B．Kind but uneducated. C．Helpful and hardworking. D．Supportive and open-minded. 3．Why was the journey with her father important to Wang Zhenyi? A．It allowed her to learn more about society. B．It helped her do better her study in stars. C．It got her to experience life of ordinary people. D．It let her believe that daughters can also be heroic. 4．What is the correct order for the following events from Wang’s life? a. She owned a crater named after her on Venus. b. She traveled nationwide and recorded what she saw. c. She showed the reason of eclipses using household objects. d. She received education in astronomy, medicine, and poetry. e. She got married and continued in scientific research and poetry. A．d-c-b-e-a B．d-b-c-e-a C．a-e-b-d-c D．a-c-b-d-e 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记，主要讲述了清朝女科学家兼诗人王贞仪的生平故事，包括她的家庭背景、学术成就、社会观察及文学创作。 1．主旨大意题。文章围绕王贞仪的一生展开，从她的家庭、学习、旅行、婚姻到成就等方面进行介绍，“The general details of Wang Zhenyi’s life story 最贴合。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Her grandfather was once an official and had a collection of over 75 bookshelves. He was her first teacher in astronomy. Her father studied medical science and was the person who taught her medicine, geography, and math. Her grandmother was her teacher of poetry.可知，家庭支持她学习不同知识，思想开明。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“As she did, she saw not only the beauty, but also the problems of her country - the rich were getting richer and paid the poor little attention. Zhenyi also noticed that women were often hidden away from the outside world, working at home for the family.可知，旅行让她了解社会。故选A。 4．细节理解题。 d：根据第二段可知她先从家人处接受天文学、医学、诗歌等教育；b：根据第四段“At the age of 16, Zhenyi journeyed throughout the country with his father.可知，16岁时，王贞仪和父亲周游全国； c：根据第三段“When she was 23, to explain how solar and lunar eclipse (日食月食) happened, Zhenyi used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the sun and a round mirror to act as the moon.可知，23岁用家具演示月食” ；e：根据第五段 “Zhenyi got married at the age of 25 and continued to work as an astronomer and poet...可知，王贞仪25岁结婚，继续研究；a：根据第五段“And in 1994, scientists even named a crater on Venus (金星陨石坑) after her!可知，1994年，科学家们甚至以她的名字命名了金星上的一个陨石坑。 顺序为d-b-c-e-a。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Great minds 单元话题阅读理解练习 Unit 2 Great minds单元话题：科学家 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25九年级上·福建泉州·期末） Zhou Lei is a researcher at the Hubei Academy of Agricultural (农业的) Science. He won the China Youth May Fourth Medal. He also has made great progress in the improvement of rice over the years. So far he has bred (培育) 16 new kinds of rice, increasing grain (粮食) production by more than 1.5 billion kilograms. This makes sure China has enough grain to feed its people. Zhou has been offered chances to go abroad and exchange experience with others. One of the visits to the United States made Zhou realize that even though China was playing a leading role in rice research in the world, its agricultural industry was still behind other developed countries. After returning to China, Zhou began using his skills to help the country in agriculture. Instead of staying in an air-conditioned office, Zhou spent most of his time in the field. Breeding is hard, heavily affected by sunlight and temperature. So Zhou always took care of his crops 24 hours a day. Things don’t always run smoothly. In August, southern China experienced very high temperatures. This had a serious influence on the crops in Zhou’s field. However, Zhou never got downhearted. Zhou believed it opened a window for him to do further study. He said, “Sometimes we just need to find ways to get over high temperatures, and this also helps us choose the rice.” After going through tens of thousands of tries, Zhou and his team succeeded in creating new kinds of rice to meet the needs of people. 1．What did Zhou Lei do to help his crops? A．He asked others for help. B．He moved his crops to a cooler office. C．He watered his crops 24 hours a day. D．He worked in the field most of his time. 2．What does the underlined word “downhearted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Disappointed. B．Excited. C．Bored. D．Relaxed. 3．What has Zhou Lei done over the years according to the text? A．He has bred six new kinds of rice. B．He has won many international medals. C．He has made great progress in rice improvement. D．He has studied in an air-conditioned office all the time. 4．Which word can best describe Zhou Lei? A．Honest. B．Polite. C．Hard-working. D．Easy-going. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Zhou Lei’s personal life. B．The challenges of farming in China. C．The development of rice farming. D．Zhou Lei’s contributions to agriculture. （24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期末） 66-year-old David G. Evans, from the UK, is a chemistry teacher in Beijing. He is famous in China for his fun chemical experiments (实验) online. When he was young, Evans became interested in China and wanted to learn more about it. His dream of visiting the country came true in 1987, when he went to a chemistry meeting in Nanjing. Evans came to China once or twice a year before moving to Beijing in 1996 to work there as a teacher. To show the wonders of chemistry to more people, Evans goes to different places in China. So far, he’s visited more than 300 cities across China, giving chemistry lessons and doing chemical experiments in schools, science museums and other places. To reach out to more students, Evans started posting videos of chemical experiments online in 2018. “I hope I can help students see the beauty of chemistry, and that some of them may become scientists,” he said. Evans has over 9.9 million followers online. He’s posted more than 500 videos and got over 23 million “likes”. After seeing his experiments, many students find chemistry is exciting and show an interest in it. For his contribution (贡献) to China, Evans got the Chinese Government Friendship Award in 2001, and the China International Science and Technology Cooperation Award in 2005. 1．What was the purpose of Evans’ first visit to China? A．To work as a teacher in Nanjing. B．To attend a chemistry meeting. C．To look for a job in China. D．To know more about Chinese history. 2．When did Evans start to work in Beijing? A．Nearly 30 years ago. B．In 1987. C．In 1995. D．23 years ago. 3．Why does Evans go to different places in China? A．To make more friends. B．To become more famous. C．To visit more places of interest. D．To let more people learn about chemistry. 4．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Evans helped many students get good grades. B．Evans wanted to be a scientist. C．Evans is an internet influencer. D．Evans gave English lessons online. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Evans stayed in China when he was a kid. B．Evans goes back to the UK once or twice a year. C．Evans hopes every child can become a scientist. D．Evans passed his love for chemistry to many Chinese students. （24-25九年级上·云南昆明·期末）Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England in 1643, where he grew up on a farm. When he was a boy, he made lots of excellent inventions like a windmill (风车), a water clock and a sundial (日晷). However, Isaac didn’t get good marks at school. When he was 18, Isaac went to study at Cambridge University. He was very interested in physics and maths. But in 1665, the Great Plague, a terrible disease, spread in England, and Cambridge University had to close down. Isaac had to return to the farm. However, he continued studying and testing new things at home. One day when he was drinking a cup of tea in the garden, he saw an apple fall from a tree. He thought, “Why do apples fall down instead of going up?” From this, he formed the theory of gravity (万有引力). Gravity is an invisible force. Nobody can see it. But it pulls objects towards the Earth and keeps the planets moving around the Sun. Isaac made another important discovery. He called it “Three Laws of Motion” (三大运动定律). These laws explain how objects move. Isaac’s laws are still used today for sending rockets into space. Isaac Newton died in 1727. He was buried along with English kings and queens in Westminster Abbey in London. He was one of the greatest scientists who has ever lived. 1．Which of the following is NOT invented by Isaac? A．The sundial. B．The rocket. C．The windmill. D．The water clock. 2．What happened after Isaac returned to the farm? A．He had a terrible disease. B．He planted apple trees on the farm. C．He continued studying and testing new things. D．He went to study at Cambridge University again. 3．What does the underlined word “invisible” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．团结的 B．无穷的 C．强大的 D．看不见的 4．What can we infer (推断)from the text? A．Isaac is highly praised. B．Isaac died at an early age. C．Three Laws of Motion aren’t widely used today. D．The theory of gravity was discovered on purpose. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．Isaac Newton’s inventions. B．Isaac Newton’s theory of gravity. C．Isaac Newton’ s “Three Laws of Motion”. D．Isaac Newton’s life and his achievements. （24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）About 2,000 years ago, the king of Syracuse, Greece, asked a goldsmith (金匠) to make a gold crown (王冠). A few days later, the goldsmith brought the crown to the king. It was as heavy as the gold given to the goldsmith, but the color of the crown was a little strange. “Did the goldsmith steal some gold and mix other metals into it?” the king thought to himself. He then asked Arichimedes (阿基米德), his court scientist, to find out the truth. Archimedes thought about this problem day and night. One day he poured too much water in the bathtub (浴缸) while taking a bath. When he stepped into the bathtub, a lot of water flowed out from it. He suddenly shouted, “I found it!” The next day, Archimedes filled two bowls with water and put them in two larger containers. Next, he took a gold piece. It was as heavy as the crown. He then put the crown and the gold piece in each bowl. The water in both bowls overflowed (溢出) into the larger containers. Archimedes measured the amount (数量) of water in the two containers. The crown sent out more water than the gold piece did. It meant that there were some other metals mixed in the crown. These metals took up more space in the water than real gold did. Archimedes reported his finding to the king. Finally, the goldsmith confessed his guilt (承认罪行). 1．What does Archimedes do according to the passage? A．He is a goldsmith. B．He is a court scientist. C．He is a criminal. D．He is a teacher. 2．Put the events in the right order according to the passage. a. took a bath    b. made a crown    c. water flowed out from the bathtub d. put the crown into a bowl    e. filled the bowls with water    f. measure the amount of water A．a-b-c-d-e-f B．b-c-d-a-f-e C．b-a-c-e-d-f D．c-a-e-f-d-b 3．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The bathtub. B．The container. C．The crown. D．A gold piece. 4．What’s the personality of Archimedes according to the passage? A．Clever and hard-working. B．Funny and bright. C．Calm and humorous. D．Careful and warm-hearted. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The king was stupid. B．The goldsmith bought the crown. C．The crown was heavier than the gold. D．The gold of crown was mixed with other metals. （24-25九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）。 Deng Jiaxian (1924-1986) Deng Jiaxian was a Chinese physicist, known as the Father of China’s Atomic Bomb (原子弹). Born in Anhui Province, he had ever studied physics in America. After Deng’s graduation, he didn’t accept the high-paid positions and superb research conditions provided by the Americans. Instead, he returned to Beijing in 1950 to work on nuclear research (核能研究). Deng faced great difficulties at that time because there was no such research information to learn from and few scientists. It took them about a month to finish a stage of calculation and about a year to calculate it nine times. In October 1964, under Deng’s leadership, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb (原子弹). In June 1967, China’s first hydrogen (氢) bomb test was also carried out successfully. In 1979, an accident happened during one experiment, Deng picked up the broken pieces of the bomb himself instead of sending his team just because he knew the danger. Deng’s wife, a doctor, learned that Deng had touched the broken pieces of the atomic bomb, and ordered him to return to Beijing for a full body checking. The results showed that he had been badly hurt by deadly nuclear radiation (辐射). However, he still chose to return to the test site and continued to solve the problem himself. At the age of 62, Deng died because of the radiation. As a national hero, he was presented the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Medal in 1999. 1．When was Deng Jiaxian born? A．In 1950. B．In 1924. C．In 1986. 2．What does the underlined word “superb” mean in Paragraph 2? A．dangerous B．excellent C．different 3．Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage? ①China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. ②Deng returned to Beijing and work on nuclear research. ③Deng studied in the USA． ④Deng was exposed to deadly nuclear radiation. A．②③①④ B．②①③④ C．③②①④ 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Deng used abacuses for calculation because they made less mistakes. B．Deng never took safety measures when picking up the broken pieces of the bomb. C．Deng’s wife was greatly worried about Deng’s health condition. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A national hero who gave his whole life to China’s nuclear program. B．A Chinese sportsperson who achieved his dream with hard work. C．The history and development of China’s nuclear program. （24-25九年级上·河北沧州·期中）Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be a dark place at night. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the phonograph (留声机), the motion picture camera, and over 1, 200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. Thomas Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11, 1847. His family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, when he was seven years old. There he attended school for a few months and was instead taught by his mother at home. In fact, he was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting (做实验) at a young age with electrical things at home. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. In his spare time, he still continued his experiments. Unfortunately, his first work experience did not end well. He lost the job when he accidentally set fire to the floor. Thomas Edison then worked for five years as a telegraph operator: but he continued to spend much of his time on the experiments. He got his first patent (专利) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity. Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a lot of inventions that greatly improved the quality of people’ s life all over the world. 1．What was not invented by Thomas Edison? A．The electric light. B．The telephone. C．The phonograph. D．The motion picture camera. 2．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1? A．Edison had a lonely childhood. B．Edison’s inventions were very popular. C．Edison was a highly creative inventor. D．Edison was interested in doing experiments. 3．Which is the right order of Thomas Edison’s experiences? ①Edison got his first job. ②Edison left school. ③Edison’s family moved to Michigan. ④Edison had his first patent. A．③②①④ B．②④③① C．②①③④ D．③①④② 4．Why did Edison lose his first job? A．Because his boss didn’t like him. B．Because he was too tired to work. C．Because he had no time to do experiments. D．Because he set fire to the floor of the train. 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Thomas Edison’s early life. B．Thomas Edison’s school life. C．A general introduction to Thomas Edison. D．Some wonderful inventions by Thomas Edison. （24-25九年级上·河北保定·期中）On March 14, 2018, Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in the UK. Hawking is considered by many people to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe (宇宙) began with the Big Bang (大爆炸) and will end in black holes. His theory became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most-famous book is A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) , which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world. Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观的心态) . When Hawking was 21, he got a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and speak using a computer. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. He traveled around the world for science meetings, visiting every continent, including the Antarctic. In 1985, he took a train trip around China. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek and the Big Bang theory. He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. He hoped to travel into space one day. Hawking left us forever. One of the brightest scientific stars went dark. 1．What was Stephen Hawking? A．A movie star. B．A teacher. C．A scientist. D．A musician. 2．Which is the name of Hawking’s most famous book? A．Star Trek. B．A Brief History of Time. C．The Big Bang Theory. D．The Universe in a Nutshell. 3．What does the underlined word “will” mean in English? A．Future. B．Testament. C．Desire. D．Willpower. 4．How did Hawking celebrate his 60th birthday? A．He traveled to the Antarctic. B．He took a trip by hot-air balloon. C．He traveled into space. D．He took part in a science meeting in the UK. 5．Which statement is NOT TRUE about Hawking? A．Hawking was an Englishman. B．Hawking couldn’t talk or walk after the terrible illness. C．Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill.D．Hawking could talk with others through a computer. （24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期中）What would life be like if you were a rocker, a soccer player, a professor at Stanford University, or even a Nobel Prize winner? Carolyn Bertozzi from the US lives such a cool life! Bertozzi won 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry. She became the year’s only woman winner in science and the eighth woman to receive the chemistry prize in history. Bertozzi won the prize for studying the sugar coats of cells (细胞). She has found a smart way to connect cells by connecting their sugar coats. The cells then have a green color so that scientists can see clearly where they are and how they move. This finding helps a lot in many ways, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases (传染病) and new treatments for cancer. Bertozzi said she was not very interested in chemistry until her second year at Harvard University. “The professors made the class very difficult.” she said, “My classmates were unhappy, but it matched my brain.” Besides doing science studies, Bertozzi lived a colorful life. She was a keyboarder (键盘手) in a rock band. “I even used to think about majoring in music,” she said. She also played soccer and won an athletic scholarship (体育奖学金) from Harvard. As a female (女性) scientist, Bertozzi tries to promote gender equality (性别平等). “In the late 1980s, maybe 10 percent of the students were female. There were one or two women in a lab, so we supported each other by starting a monthly get-together for the women students in the department.” 1．Why did Bertozzi win 2022 Nobel Prize? A．Because she invented a new treatment for cancer. B．Because she is the eighth female professor at Stanford University. C．Because she found a way to connect cells and make them clearer to see. D．Because she found a new type of cell with a green color. 2．How might Bertozzi describe her chemistry class in her second year at Harvard University? A．Difficult. B．Uninteresting. C．Useless. D．Not too hard. 3．How did Bertozzi promote gender equality in the 1980s? A．She set an award for women in science. B．She built a new lab for girls to do research. C．She increased the number of female students by 10 percent. D．She helped start a monthly get-together for women to support each other. 4．We can find this passage in the _________ part of a magazine. A．Festival B．Travel C．Famous People D．Food and Health 重难语篇提升练 （2025·云南昆明·三模）Huang Xuhua (1926—2025), a great Chinese scientist, spent all his life making China stronger. His amazing achievements and strong spirit will always be remembered and will guide China’s future. Born in Guangdong, Huang saw his country suffer from foreign attacks. Because of these experiences, he made up his mind to study hard and use his knowledge to make his country stronger. In the 1950s, China began building nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang bravely joined this project. At that time, there wasn’t much modern technology, so this task was really challengeable. Huang and his team faced many challenges while keeping the project a secret. They mustn’t share their work with anyone outside their group, not even their families. So Huang was away from home for years. As they worked on designing the submarines, they faced many problems. For example, building a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was very difficult, and they couldn’t ask foreign experts for help. Instead, they had to depend on their own research and used simple tools to do the scientific work. Another major challenge was ensuring the submarine could stay stable (稳固的) underwater. After many tests, they gradually found solutions to these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China successfully built and tested its first nuclear submarine. This made China one of the few countries that could do this. Huang didn’t stop there. He continued to improve submarine technology and received many awards for his hard work, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. As we remember Huang Xuhua, we realize his life inspires us all. Young people should learn from his courage, bravery and resolutions. By facing challenges and working hard, we can help make China stronger and keep his spirit alive. 1．What can we know about Huang Xuhua from the text? A．He was a risk-taker who often acted with bravery. B．He was a common person who received many awards. C．He was a lonely person who preferred to work alone. D．He was a strong-willed person who kept trying for better. 2．What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Foreign experts. B．Huang Xuhua’s family. C．Huang Xuhua and his team. D．The nuclear submarines. 3．Which is NOT mentioned as a challenge in building China’s first nuclear submarine? A．China didn’t have modern technology. B．Foreign experts refused to help. C．Using simple tools for the scientific work. D．Keeping the submarine stable underwater. 4．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing facts. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To praise Huang’s efforts and his spirit. B．To explain how nuclear submarines work. C．To introduce the hard life of Huang Xuhua. D．To compare Chinese and foreign submarine technologies. （24-25九年级下·广东·期末）There was a girl who read every book she could get her hands on, and who was dying to share what she learned with the world. She was Wang Zhenyi (1768—1797), a famous woman scientist and poet from the Qing dynasty. In the late 1700s, women were usually expected to cook, clean, and have babies. However, when Zhenyi was young, she wanted to learn everything. Her grandfather was once an official and had a collection of over 75 bookshelves. He was her first teacher in astronomy. Her father studied medical science and was the person who taught her medicine, geography, and math. Her grandmother was her teacher of poetry. Zhenyi learned a lot from her family, but that didn’t mean she just had her nose in a book. While Chinese scientists and philosophers had studied stars for ages, Zhenyi did something quite interesting and new. She used her skills and math knowledge to explain what was happening in the sky. When she was 23, to explain how solar and lunar eclipse (日食月食) happened, Zhenyi used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the sun and a round mirror to act as the moon. She moved the mirror around the table under the light and showed that when the sun, moon, and Earth were on a line, sunlight was stopped and so eclipse happened. At the age of 16, Zhenyi journeyed throughout the country with his father. As she did, she saw not only the beauty, but also the problems of her country—the rich were getting richer and paid the poor little attention. Zhenyi also noticed that women were often hidden away from the outside world, working at home for the family. She wanted to capture it all—each moment of her travels. She wanted other people to see, to know, to understand, so she wrote poems and showed them to the public. Zhenyi got married at the age of 25 and continued to work as an astronomer and poet but died young 4 years later. In total, Wang Zhenyi wrote more than 12 books about science and poems. While many of her writings have been lost, her helps to science continue to be studied today. And in 1994, scientists even named a crater on Venus (金星陨石坑) after her! As she famously wrote in one of her poems, “Do you not believe, daughters can also be heroic?” 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．The problem Wang Zhenyi found in her travel. B．The difficulties Wang Zhenyi faced in her life. C．The general details of Wang Zhenyi’s life story. D．The important discoveries made by Wang Zhenyi. 2．Which of the following best describes Wang’ family? A．Strict but interesting. B．Kind but uneducated. C．Helpful and hardworking. D．Supportive and open-minded. 3．Why was the journey with her father important to Wang Zhenyi? A．It allowed her to learn more about society. B．It helped her do better her study in stars. C．It got her to experience life of ordinary people. D．It let her believe that daughters can also be heroic. 4．What is the correct order for the following events from Wang’s life? a. She owned a crater named after her on Venus. b. She traveled nationwide and recorded what she saw. c. She showed the reason of eclipses using household objects. d. She received education in astronomy, medicine, and poetry. e. She got married and continued in scientific research and poetry. A．d-c-b-e-a B．d-b-c-e-a C．a-e-b-d-c D．a-c-b-d-e 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$