高一英语必备必修第二册Unit4词汇（含课文例句和有声版单词消消乐）（人教版2019）

null UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 标注★的例句为补充例句，非课文例句（课文无该词例句） 序号 单词 音标 词性 & 词义 课文例句 译文 1 Confucius /kənˈfjuːʃəs/ n. 孔子 William mentioned that Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers. 威廉提到孔子是他最喜欢的哲学家之一。 2 mansion /ˈmænʃn/ n. 公馆；宅第 One of the photos of Qufu is Kong Family Mansion. 曲阜的照片中有一张是孔家公馆。 3 cemetery /ˈsemətri/ n. 墓地；公墓 Cemetery of Confucius is one of the historic sites in Qufu. 孔子墓园是曲阜的历史遗迹之一。 4 philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 哲学 Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy. 小孔正在做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目。 5 descendant /dɪˈsendənt/ n. 后裔；后代；子孙 As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree. 作为孔子的后裔之一，小孔的名字被记录在家谱中。 6 individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. 习语是一种表达方式，其含义与单个词语的含义不同。 7 heel /hiːl/ n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的) 后跟 The idiom “Achilles’ heel” is used in the conversation. 对话中使用了习语 “阿喀琉斯的脚跟”。 8 Achilles’ heel /əˈkɪliːz hiːl/ n. (喻)(希腊神话) 阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 The English idiom “Achilles’ heel” was used in the conversation. 对话中使用了英语习语 “阿喀琉斯的脚跟”（致命的弱点）。 9 kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国；领域 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 10 chief /tʃiːf/ adj. 最重要的；最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的) 首领；酋长 According to the text, what are two chief advantages of studying the history of a country? 根据课文，研究一个国家的历史有哪两个主要优势？ 11 puzzle /ˈpʌzl/ n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑 Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. 了解一点英国历史将帮助你解开这个谜团。 12 nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 13 join … to … /dʒɔɪn … tuː …/ 把…… 和…… 连接或联结起来 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 14 break away (from sb/sth) /breɪk əˈweɪ (frəm sb/sth)/ 脱离；背叛；逃脱 Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK. 最后，在 20 世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国。 15 belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ vi. 应在 (某处)；适应 There are four countries that belong to the UK. 有四个国家属于英国。 16 belong to /bɪˈlɒŋ tuː/ 属于 There are four countries that belong to the United Kingdom. 有四个国家属于联合王国。 17 as well as /æz wel æz/ 同 (一样也)；和；还 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 18 currency /ˈkʌrənsi/ n. 通货；货币 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 19 military /ˈmɪlətri/ adj. 军事的；军用的 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 20 defence /dɪˈfens/ n. 防御；保卫 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 21 legal /ˈliːɡl/ adj. 法律的；合法的 The Normans had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 诺曼人在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了改革。 22 surround /səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕；包围 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people. 在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，都会被四个不同人群留下的痕迹所包围。 23 evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ n. 证据；证明 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people. 在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，都会被四个不同人群留下的证据所包围。 24 location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 地方；地点；位置 The Vikings came in the eighth century and left behind lots of new vocabulary, as well as the names of many locations across the UK. 维京人在 8 世纪来到这里，留下了许多新词汇，以及英国各地许多地点的名称。 25 conquer /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/ vt. 占领；征服；控制 The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 最后一组是诺曼人。11 世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役后，他们征服了英格兰。 26 battle /ˈbætl/ n. 战役；搏斗 vi. & vt. 搏斗；奋斗 The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 最后一组是诺曼人。11 世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役后，他们征服了英格兰。 27 port /pɔːt/ n. 港口 (城市) The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一座古老的港口城市，其历史可以一直追溯到罗马时代。 28 fascinating /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的 The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. 英国是历史与现代文化的迷人融合，既有古老传统，也有新的传统。 29 keep your eyes open (for) /kiːp jɔː(r) aɪz ˈəʊpən (fɔː(r))/ 留心；留意 If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. 如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既能看到它的过去，也能看到它的现在。 30 charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ n. 收费；指控；主管 vt. 收费；控告；充电 Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。 31 announce /əˈnaʊns/ vt. 宣布；通知；声称 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台询问语音导览器时，我们听到通知说没有语音导览器了。 32 amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n. 金额；数量 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 国家美术馆入口处大量的游客和嘈杂声让我们感到非常惊讶。 33 gallery /ˈɡæləri/ n. (艺术作品的) 展览馆；画廊 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 国家美术馆入口处大量的游客和嘈杂声让我们感到非常惊讶。 34 approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ n. 方法；途径；接近 vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. 靠近 It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 周围人太多，很难靠近那幅画。 35 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 保证；确保；担保 She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. 她把这幅画的复制品装箱，以确保其安全送达。 36 landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. (陆上，尤指乡村的) 风景 Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing. 尼斯湖被美丽的自然风景所环绕，使其看起来令人惊叹。 37 generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有自制黄油和蜂蜜的面包。 38 butter /ˈbʌtə(r)/ n. 黄油；奶油 vt. 涂黄油于 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有黄油和自制蜂蜜的面包。 39 honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有黄油和自制蜂蜜的面包。 40 ancestor /ˈænsestə(r)/ n. 祖宗；祖先 The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War. 这个家庭的祖先曾经照料过第一次世界大战中的伤兵。 41 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；姿态；职位 vt. 安装；安置 They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill. 他们用放置在山上的相机和双筒望远镜监视着湖面。 42 courtyard /ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ n. 庭院；院子 Wang Family Courtyard is one of the places mentioned in the conversation about Pingyao. 王家大院是关于平遥的对话中提到的地方之一。 43 snack /snæk/ n. 点心；小吃 Some of the snacks there are amazing. 那里的一些小吃非常棒。 44 eager /ˈiːɡə(r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的 I was eager to see the historic sites in Pingyao. 我渴望看到平遥的历史遗迹。 45 poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. 这个国家有着培养伟大作家和诗人的悠久历史。 46 county /ˈkaʊnti/ n. (英国、爱尔兰的) 郡；(美国的) 县 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 47 feast /fiːst/ n. 盛宴；宴会；节日 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 48 roll /rəʊl/ vi. & vt. (使) 翻滚；(使) 滚动 n. 卷 (轴)；翻滚 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 49 dot /dɒt/ n. 点；小 (圆) 点 vt. 加点；遍布 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 50 cattle /ˈkætl/ n. 牛 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着绵羊和牛群。 51 roar /rɔː(r)/ vi. & n. 吼叫；咆哮 And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 在海边，海浪的咆哮和海鸟的啼叫构成了海岸的乐章。 52 ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 大海；海洋 And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 在海边，海洋的海浪咆哮和海鸟的啼叫构成了海岸的乐章。 53 scent /sent/ n. 气味；气息 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. 在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳气味，鸟儿用晨歌迎接新的一天。 54 greet /ɡriːt/ vt. 问候；迎接 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. 在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，鸟儿用晨歌迎接新的一天。 55 pub /pʌb/ n. 酒吧；酒馆 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 56 wine /waɪn/ n. 葡萄酒；果酒 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 57 beer /bɪə(r)/ n. (一杯) 啤酒 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 58 stew /stjuː/ n. 炖菜 (有肉和蔬菜) vt. & vi. 炖；煨 Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. 更好的是，享用美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉炖菜。 59 custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 风俗；习俗；习惯 And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. 如果你向一张友好的面孔介绍自己，你很可能会亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。 60 sensory /ˈsensəri/ adj. 感觉的；感官的 When describing a place, using sensory details (what you see, hear, smell, etc.) makes the writing more vivid. 描述一个地方时，使用感官细节（你所看到的、听到的、闻到的等）会使写作更生动。 61 striking /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/ adj. 引人注目的；显著的 A striking image can make the reader eager to read your writing. 一个引人注目的形象能让读者渴望阅读你的作品。 62 transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. 过渡；转变；变迁 Using transitions helps the reader follow your ideas in the transition between different parts of the writing. 在写作不同部分之间的过渡中，使用过渡词有助于读者理解你的思路。 63 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就；成绩；达到 For your homework this week, please do some research on the major achievements of Isaac Newton. 本周作业，请研究艾萨克・牛顿的主要成就。 64 crowd /kraʊd/ n. 人群；一群人；民众 vt. 挤满；使…… 拥挤 Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very crowded. 戴夫在房间里找不到座位。里面非常拥挤。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 标注★的例句为补充例句，非课文例句（课文无该词例句） 序号 单词 音标 词性 & 词义 课文例句 译文 1 Confucius /kənˈfjuːʃəs/ n. 孔子 William mentioned that Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers. 威廉提到孔子是他最喜欢的哲学家之一。 2 mansion /ˈmænʃn/ n. 公馆；宅第 One of the photos of Qufu is Kong Family Mansion. 曲阜的照片中有一张是孔家公馆。 3 cemetery /ˈsemətri/ n. 墓地；公墓 Cemetery of Confucius is one of the historic sites in Qufu. 孔子墓园是曲阜的历史遗迹之一。 4 philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 哲学 Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy. 小孔正在做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目。 5 descendant /dɪˈsendənt/ n. 后裔；后代；子孙 As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree. 作为孔子的后裔之一，小孔的名字被记录在家谱中。 6 individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. 习语是一种表达方式，其含义与单个词语的含义不同。 7 heel /hiːl/ n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的) 后跟 The idiom “Achilles’ heel” is used in the conversation. 对话中使用了习语 “阿喀琉斯的脚跟”。 8 Achilles’ heel /əˈkɪliːz hiːl/ n. (喻)(希腊神话) 阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 The English idiom “Achilles’ heel” was used in the conversation. 对话中使用了英语习语 “阿喀琉斯的脚跟”（致命的弱点）。 9 kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国；领域 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 10 chief /tʃiːf/ adj. 最重要的；最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的) 首领；酋长 According to the text, what are two chief advantages of studying the history of a country? 根据课文，研究一个国家的历史有哪两个主要优势？ 11 puzzle /ˈpʌzl/ n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑 Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. 了解一点英国历史将帮助你解开这个谜团。 12 nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 13 join … to … /dʒɔɪn … tuː …/ 把…… 和…… 连接或联结起来 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 14 break away (from sb/sth) /breɪk əˈweɪ (frəm sb/sth)/ 脱离；背叛；逃脱 Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK. 最后，在 20 世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国。 15 belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ vi. 应在 (某处)；适应 There are four countries that belong to the UK. 有四个国家属于英国。 16 belong to /bɪˈlɒŋ tuː/ 属于 There are four countries that belong to the United Kingdom. 有四个国家属于联合王国。 17 as well as /æz wel æz/ 同 (一样也)；和；还 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 18 currency /ˈkʌrənsi/ n. 通货；货币 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 19 military /ˈmɪlətri/ adj. 军事的；军用的 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 20 defence /dɪˈfens/ n. 防御；保卫 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 21 legal /ˈliːɡl/ adj. 法律的；合法的 The Normans had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 诺曼人在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了改革。 22 surround /səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕；包围 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people. 在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，都会被四个不同人群留下的痕迹所包围。 23 evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ n. 证据；证明 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people. 在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，都会被四个不同人群留下的证据所包围。 24 location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 地方；地点；位置 The Vikings came in the eighth century and left behind lots of new vocabulary, as well as the names of many locations across the UK. 维京人在 8 世纪来到这里，留下了许多新词汇，以及英国各地许多地点的名称。 25 conquer /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/ vt. 占领；征服；控制 The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 最后一组是诺曼人。11 世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役后，他们征服了英格兰。 26 battle /ˈbætl/ n. 战役；搏斗 vi. & vt. 搏斗；奋斗 The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 最后一组是诺曼人。11 世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役后，他们征服了英格兰。 27 port /pɔːt/ n. 港口 (城市) The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一座古老的港口城市，其历史可以一直追溯到罗马时代。 28 fascinating /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的 The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. 英国是历史与现代文化的迷人融合，既有古老传统，也有新的传统。 29 keep your eyes open (for) /kiːp jɔː(r) aɪz ˈəʊpən (fɔː(r))/ 留心；留意 If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. 如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既能看到它的过去，也能看到它的现在。 30 charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ n. 收费；指控；主管 vt. 收费；控告；充电 Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。 31 announce /əˈnaʊns/ vt. 宣布；通知；声称 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台询问语音导览器时，我们听到通知说没有语音导览器了。 32 amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n. 金额；数量 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 国家美术馆入口处大量的游客和嘈杂声让我们感到非常惊讶。 33 gallery /ˈɡæləri/ n. (艺术作品的) 展览馆；画廊 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 国家美术馆入口处大量的游客和嘈杂声让我们感到非常惊讶。 34 approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ n. 方法；途径；接近 vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. 靠近 It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 周围人太多，很难靠近那幅画。 35 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 保证；确保；担保 She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. 她把这幅画的复制品装箱，以确保其安全送达。 36 landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. (陆上，尤指乡村的) 风景 Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing. 尼斯湖被美丽的自然风景所环绕，使其看起来令人惊叹。 37 generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有自制黄油和蜂蜜的面包。 38 butter /ˈbʌtə(r)/ n. 黄油；奶油 vt. 涂黄油于 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有黄油和自制蜂蜜的面包。 39 honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有黄油和自制蜂蜜的面包。 40 ancestor /ˈænsestə(r)/ n. 祖宗；祖先 The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War. 这个家庭的祖先曾经照料过第一次世界大战中的伤兵。 41 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；姿态；职位 vt. 安装；安置 They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill. 他们用放置在山上的相机和双筒望远镜监视着湖面。 42 courtyard /ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ n. 庭院；院子 Wang Family Courtyard is one of the places mentioned in the conversation about Pingyao. 王家大院是关于平遥的对话中提到的地方之一。 43 snack /snæk/ n. 点心；小吃 Some of the snacks there are amazing. 那里的一些小吃非常棒。 44 eager /ˈiːɡə(r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的 I was eager to see the historic sites in Pingyao. 我渴望看到平遥的历史遗迹。 45 poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. 这个国家有着培养伟大作家和诗人的悠久历史。 46 county /ˈkaʊnti/ n. (英国、爱尔兰的) 郡；(美国的) 县 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 47 feast /fiːst/ n. 盛宴；宴会；节日 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 48 roll /rəʊl/ vi. & vt. (使) 翻滚；(使) 滚动 n. 卷 (轴)；翻滚 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 49 dot /dɒt/ n. 点；小 (圆) 点 vt. 加点；遍布 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 50 cattle /ˈkætl/ n. 牛 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着绵羊和牛群。 51 roar /rɔː(r)/ vi. & n. 吼叫；咆哮 And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 在海边，海浪的咆哮和海鸟的啼叫构成了海岸的乐章。 52 ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 大海；海洋 And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 在海边，海洋的海浪咆哮和海鸟的啼叫构成了海岸的乐章。 53 scent /sent/ n. 气味；气息 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. 在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳气味，鸟儿用晨歌迎接新的一天。 54 greet /ɡriːt/ vt. 问候；迎接 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. 在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，鸟儿用晨歌迎接新的一天。 55 pub /pʌb/ n. 酒吧；酒馆 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 56 wine /waɪn/ n. 葡萄酒；果酒 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 57 beer /bɪə(r)/ n. (一杯) 啤酒 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 58 stew /stjuː/ n. 炖菜 (有肉和蔬菜) vt. & vi. 炖；煨 Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. 更好的是，享用美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉炖菜。 59 custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 风俗；习俗；习惯 And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. 如果你向一张友好的面孔介绍自己，你很可能会亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。 60 sensory /ˈsensəri/ adj. 感觉的；感官的 When describing a place, using sensory details (what you see, hear, smell, etc.) makes the writing more vivid. 描述一个地方时，使用感官细节（你所看到的、听到的、闻到的等）会使写作更生动。 61 striking /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/ adj. 引人注目的；显著的 A striking image can make the reader eager to read your writing. 一个引人注目的形象能让读者渴望阅读你的作品。 62 transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. 过渡；转变；变迁 Using transitions helps the reader follow your ideas in the transition between different parts of the writing. 在写作不同部分之间的过渡中，使用过渡词有助于读者理解你的思路。 63 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就；成绩；达到 For your homework this week, please do some research on the major achievements of Isaac Newton. 本周作业，请研究艾萨克・牛顿的主要成就。 64 crowd /kraʊd/ n. 人群；一群人；民众 vt. 挤满；使…… 拥挤 Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very crowded. 戴夫在房间里找不到座位。里面非常拥挤。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 标注★的例句为补充例句，非课文例句（课文无该词例句） 序号 单词 音标 词性 & 词义 课文例句 译文 1 Confucius /kənˈfjuːʃəs/ n. 孔子 William mentioned that Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers. 威廉提到孔子是他最喜欢的哲学家之一。 2 mansion /ˈmænʃn/ n. 公馆；宅第 One of the photos of Qufu is Kong Family Mansion. 曲阜的照片中有一张是孔家公馆。 3 cemetery /ˈsemətri/ n. 墓地；公墓 Cemetery of Confucius is one of the historic sites in Qufu. 孔子墓园是曲阜的历史遗迹之一。 4 philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 哲学 Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy. 小孔正在做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目。 5 descendant /dɪˈsendənt/ n. 后裔；后代；子孙 As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree. 作为孔子的后裔之一，小孔的名字被记录在家谱中。 6 individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. 习语是一种表达方式，其含义与单个词语的含义不同。 7 heel /hiːl/ n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的) 后跟 The idiom “Achilles’ heel” is used in the conversation. 对话中使用了习语 “阿喀琉斯的脚跟”。 8 Achilles’ heel /əˈkɪliːz hiːl/ n. (喻)(希腊神话) 阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 The English idiom “Achilles’ heel” was used in the conversation. 对话中使用了英语习语 “阿喀琉斯的脚跟”（致命的弱点）。 9 kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国；领域 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 10 chief /tʃiːf/ adj. 最重要的；最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的) 首领；酋长 According to the text, what are two chief advantages of studying the history of a country? 根据课文，研究一个国家的历史有哪两个主要优势？ 11 puzzle /ˈpʌzl/ n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑 Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. 了解一点英国历史将帮助你解开这个谜团。 12 nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 13 join … to … /dʒɔɪn … tuː …/ 把…… 和…… 连接或联结起来 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士被并入英格兰王国。 14 break away (from sb/sth) /breɪk əˈweɪ (frəm sb/sth)/ 脱离；背叛；逃脱 Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK. 最后，在 20 世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国。 15 belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ vi. 应在 (某处)；适应 There are four countries that belong to the UK. 有四个国家属于英国。 16 belong to /bɪˈlɒŋ tuː/ 属于 There are four countries that belong to the United Kingdom. 有四个国家属于联合王国。 17 as well as /æz wel æz/ 同 (一样也)；和；还 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 18 currency /ˈkʌrənsi/ n. 通货；货币 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 19 military /ˈmɪlətri/ adj. 军事的；军用的 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 20 defence /dɪˈfens/ n. 防御；保卫 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 他们使用被称为 “米字旗” 的同一面国旗，还共享相同的货币和军事防御。 21 legal /ˈliːɡl/ adj. 法律的；合法的 The Normans had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 诺曼人在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了改革。 22 surround /səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕；包围 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people. 在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，都会被四个不同人群留下的痕迹所包围。 23 evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ n. 证据；证明 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people. 在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，都会被四个不同人群留下的证据所包围。 24 location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 地方；地点；位置 The Vikings came in the eighth century and left behind lots of new vocabulary, as well as the names of many locations across the UK. 维京人在 8 世纪来到这里，留下了许多新词汇，以及英国各地许多地点的名称。 25 conquer /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/ vt. 占领；征服；控制 The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 最后一组是诺曼人。11 世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役后，他们征服了英格兰。 26 battle /ˈbætl/ n. 战役；搏斗 vi. & vt. 搏斗；奋斗 The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 最后一组是诺曼人。11 世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役后，他们征服了英格兰。 27 port /pɔːt/ n. 港口 (城市) The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一座古老的港口城市，其历史可以一直追溯到罗马时代。 28 fascinating /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的 The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. 英国是历史与现代文化的迷人融合，既有古老传统，也有新的传统。 29 keep your eyes open (for) /kiːp jɔː(r) aɪz ˈəʊpən (fɔː(r))/ 留心；留意 If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. 如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既能看到它的过去，也能看到它的现在。 30 charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ n. 收费；指控；主管 vt. 收费；控告；充电 Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。 31 announce /əˈnaʊns/ vt. 宣布；通知；声称 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台询问语音导览器时，我们听到通知说没有语音导览器了。 32 amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n. 金额；数量 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 国家美术馆入口处大量的游客和嘈杂声让我们感到非常惊讶。 33 gallery /ˈɡæləri/ n. (艺术作品的) 展览馆；画廊 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 国家美术馆入口处大量的游客和嘈杂声让我们感到非常惊讶。 34 approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ n. 方法；途径；接近 vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. 靠近 It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 周围人太多，很难靠近那幅画。 35 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 保证；确保；担保 She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. 她把这幅画的复制品装箱，以确保其安全送达。 36 landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. (陆上，尤指乡村的) 风景 Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing. 尼斯湖被美丽的自然风景所环绕，使其看起来令人惊叹。 37 generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有自制黄油和蜂蜜的面包。 38 butter /ˈbʌtə(r)/ n. 黄油；奶油 vt. 涂黄油于 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有黄油和自制蜂蜜的面包。 39 honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade. 卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里，这家人给他们提供了涂有黄油和自制蜂蜜的面包。 40 ancestor /ˈænsestə(r)/ n. 祖宗；祖先 The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War. 这个家庭的祖先曾经照料过第一次世界大战中的伤兵。 41 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置；姿态；职位 vt. 安装；安置 They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill. 他们用放置在山上的相机和双筒望远镜监视着湖面。 42 courtyard /ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ n. 庭院；院子 Wang Family Courtyard is one of the places mentioned in the conversation about Pingyao. 王家大院是关于平遥的对话中提到的地方之一。 43 snack /snæk/ n. 点心；小吃 Some of the snacks there are amazing. 那里的一些小吃非常棒。 44 eager /ˈiːɡə(r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的 I was eager to see the historic sites in Pingyao. 我渴望看到平遥的历史遗迹。 45 poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. 这个国家有着培养伟大作家和诗人的悠久历史。 46 county /ˈkaʊnti/ n. (英国、爱尔兰的) 郡；(美国的) 县 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 47 feast /fiːst/ n. 盛宴；宴会；节日 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 48 roll /rəʊl/ vi. & vt. (使) 翻滚；(使) 滚动 n. 卷 (轴)；翻滚 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 49 dot /dɒt/ n. 点；小 (圆) 点 vt. 加点；遍布 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 50 cattle /ˈkætl/ n. 牛 The peaceful landscape of the "Emerald Isle" and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石岛” 宁静的风景及其众多绿色的郡，是一场真正的视觉盛宴，其连绵起伏的青山上点缀着绵羊和牛群。 51 roar /rɔː(r)/ vi. & n. 吼叫；咆哮 And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 在海边，海浪的咆哮和海鸟的啼叫构成了海岸的乐章。 52 ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 大海；海洋 And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 在海边，海洋的海浪咆哮和海鸟的啼叫构成了海岸的乐章。 53 scent /sent/ n. 气味；气息 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. 在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳气味，鸟儿用晨歌迎接新的一天。 54 greet /ɡriːt/ vt. 问候；迎接 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. 在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，鸟儿用晨歌迎接新的一天。 55 pub /pʌb/ n. 酒吧；酒馆 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 56 wine /waɪn/ n. 葡萄酒；果酒 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 57 beer /bɪə(r)/ n. (一杯) 啤酒 To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. 有机会体验这一切的话，不妨去乡村酒吧，来一杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。 58 stew /stjuː/ n. 炖菜 (有肉和蔬菜) vt. & vi. 炖；煨 Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. 更好的是，享用美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉炖菜。 59 custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 风俗；习俗；习惯 And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. 如果你向一张友好的面孔介绍自己，你很可能会亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。 60 sensory /ˈsensəri/ adj. 感觉的；感官的 When describing a place, using sensory details (what you see, hear, smell, etc.) makes the writing more vivid. 描述一个地方时，使用感官细节（你所看到的、听到的、闻到的等）会使写作更生动。 61 striking /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/ adj. 引人注目的；显著的 A striking image can make the reader eager to read your writing. 一个引人注目的形象能让读者渴望阅读你的作品。 62 transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. 过渡；转变；变迁 Using transitions helps the reader follow your ideas in the transition between different parts of the writing. 在写作不同部分之间的过渡中，使用过渡词有助于读者理解你的思路。 63 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就；成绩；达到 For your homework this week, please do some research on the major achievements of Isaac Newton. 本周作业，请研究艾萨克・牛顿的主要成就。 64 crowd /kraʊd/ n. 人群；一群人；民众 vt. 挤满；使…… 拥挤 Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very crowded. 戴夫在房间里找不到座位。里面非常拥挤。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$