Unit 4 Friends Forever 语法Grammar 关系代词引导的定语从句-2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

Unit 4 Friends Forever 关系代词引导的定语从句 一、单项选择 1．You will eventually find friends in your new town _______ can help you fit in. A．who B．which C．where D．whom 2．Everyone _____ knew him liked him. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 3．This is the scientist ______ name is known all over the world. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 4．— Who is your new English teacher? —Elena, the woman ________ T-shirt is red over there. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 5．Mary can’t forget the company and the manager ________ she visited in Dalian years ago. A．what B．who C．that D．which 6．I’m a football fan. I’m interested in everything ________ is about the World Cup. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 7．—Tom, what are you doing? —I’m looking for the toy ________ Lily bought for me yesterday. A．that B．what C．who D．whom 8．A peacemaker is someone ________ makes peace, especially by setting disputes. A．what B．whose C．which D．who 9．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 10．He felt it’s the most delicious food ________ he has ever had. A．which B．that C．who D．what 二、语法填空 11．In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and lives were in danger. 12．The people are dangerously overweight should take immediate action to lose weight properly. 13．The boss in company Mr King works is kind and generous. 14．When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day. 15．The film is the first one I saw this year. 16．Tom is a freshman English is fluent. 17．The student is answering the question is John. 18．This is the book I borrowed from the library. 19．The man invented this writing system is a linguist. 20．The artist paintings are displayed in the gallery gains popularity among college students. （用适当的词填空） 21．Scientists are trying to find other planets could one day be our new home. 22．Tu Youyou is the scientist discovery has led to the development of new drugs. 23．Those dreams come true are always determined and never give up. （用适当的词填空） 24．Please underline the words meaning you don't know. 25．The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 26．This is the very museum we visited during our school trip last year. 27．Those embrace challenges with courage often discover strengths they never knew they had. 28．The people and things I met in the new school were quite impressive. 29．CISAR brings help and hope to those lives are changed by natural disasters. 30．Someone can speak quite a few language may seem especially talented. 31．You may not control all the events happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them. 32．Disneyland is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 33．This is the great architect works have won many international prizes. （用适当的词填空） 34．I like the writers and their works you mentioned the other day. （用适当的词填空） 35．Breakfast is available to the fishermen get up early and go fishing in the sea from 6 am. 36．Zheng Qinwen is the first woman won the women’s singles champion in tennis. 37．We eventually understood the very reason he explained to us for his absence from the meeting. 38．I know the man house was destroyed in the earthquake. 39．Do you know the man our teacher spoke to? 40．To be honest, Tibet is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 三、完成句子 41．那些在计算机软件方面有天赋的人为本视频的制作作出了贡献。（talented） Those computer software contributed to the making of the video. 42．Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements . 其次，太空探索推动了科技进步，使全人类受益。 43．Is there anyone here is Li Hua? 这儿有叫李华的人吗? 44．I have a classmate is a soldier. 我有一位同学，他的弟弟是士兵。 45．Please pass me the book . 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 46．这个属于中国的岛屿通过一条桥和大陆相连。 The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge. 47．The boy studies very hard. 那个男孩学习非常刻苦，他的爸爸是一个老师。 48．There seems to be nothing . 对他来说这世上似乎没有什么不可能的事。 49．Everything has been done. 应当做的事情都已经做了。 50．这些旧照片让汤姆想起了他们一起度过的那些快乐的日子。 The old photos ． 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Friends Forever 关系代词引导的定语从句 一、单项选择 1．You will eventually find friends in your new town _______ can help you fit in. A．who B．which C．where D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你最终会在新城镇找到能帮你融入新环境的朋友。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词friends，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who来引导。故选A项。 2．Everyone _____ knew him liked him. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。 句意：每个认识他的人都喜欢他。 此句中“____ knew him”是定语从句，修饰先行词“Everyone(每个人)”，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词who引导该从句。故选B。 3．This is the scientist ______ name is known all over the world. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是那位名字闻名全世界的科学家。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词scientist与空后的名词name之间为所属关系，所以此处使用关系代词whose作定语。故选C项。 4．— Who is your new English teacher? —Elena, the woman ________ T-shirt is red over there. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——谁是你的新英语老师? ——埃琳娜，那边穿着红色T 恤的女士。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the woman，指人，且引导词在从句中作定语修饰T-shirt，应该用whose引导定语从句。故选B。 5．Mary can’t forget the company and the manager ________ she visited in Dalian years ago. A．what B．who C．that D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：玛丽不会忘记她多年前在大连拜访的公司和经理。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the company and the manager，有人有物，且从句缺少宾语，关系词应用that。故选C。 6．I’m a football fan. I’m interested in everything ________ is about the World Cup. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我是一个足球迷。我对世界杯的一切都很感兴趣。空处引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，且从句缺少主语，关系词只能用that，故选B。 7．—Tom, what are you doing? —I’m looking for the toy ________ Lily bought for me yesterday. A．that B．what C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——汤姆，你在干什么? ——我在找莉莉昨天给我买的玩具。空处引导定语从句，先行词是toy“玩具”，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that引导从句。故选A。 8．A peacemaker is someone ________ makes peace, especially by setting disputes. A．what B．whose C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：和事佬是指制造和平的人，尤其是通过解决争端来实现和平的人。空处引导定语从句，先行词someone，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故选D。 9．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友是一个总会在那里与你分享欢笑与泪水的人。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a person，在定语从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词who。故选C项。 10．He felt it’s the most delicious food ________ he has ever had. A．which B．that C．who D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他感觉这是他吃过的最美味的食物。which引导定语从句，先行词是物；that引导定语从句，先行词是人或物；who引导定语从句，先行词是人。what什么。由于先行词前有最高级修饰，所以用that 引导。故选 B。 二、语法填空 11．In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and lives were in danger. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在恶劣的环境中，他们的生命受到威胁。句中先行词为people，在定语从句中作lives的定语，表示“人们的生命”，所以用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 12．The people are dangerously overweight should take immediate action to lose weight properly. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：体重严重超标的人应该立即采取适当的措施来减肥。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为The people，指人，引导词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that来引导。故填who/that。 13．The boss in company Mr King works is kind and generous. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：金先生工作的那家公司的老板善良又慷慨。该句为“介词+关系代词”的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The boss，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 14．When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的所有事情。空处引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 15．The film is the first one I saw this year. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我今年看的第一部电影。空处引导定语从句，先行词是one，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，应用关系代词that引导，故填that。 16．Tom is a freshman English is fluent. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆是一名英语流利的大一新生。这里考查定语从句，先行词为a freshman，在从句中作定语修饰English ，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 17．The student is answering the question is John. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。这里考查定语从句，先行词The student，为人，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who或者that引导。故填who/that。 18．This is the book I borrowed from the library. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我从图书馆借来的那本书。“________ I borrowed from the library”为限制性定语从句，先行词是the book，指物，关系词在从句中作borrowed的宾语，所以可用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which/that。 19．The man invented this writing system is a linguist. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：发明这种书写系统的人是一位语言学家。“________ invented this writing system”为限制性定语从句，先行词是The man，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以可以用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。 20．The artist paintings are displayed in the gallery gains popularity among college students. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位其画作在画廊展出的艺术家在大学生中颇受欢迎。先行词为The artist，在定语从句中作定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。 21．Scientists are trying to find other planets could one day be our new home. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们正在努力寻找其他可能有一天成为我们新家园的行星。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为other planets，指物，引导词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 22．Tu Youyou is the scientist discovery has led to the development of new drugs. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦是一位其发现促成了新药研发的科学家。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为the scientist，关系词在从句中作定语修饰后面名词discovery，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 23．Those dreams come true are always determined and never give up. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些梦想成真的人总是意志坚定且从不放弃。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为Those，指代人，在从句中作定语，修饰dreams，即“那些人的梦想”，所以应用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 24．Please underline the words meaning you don't know. 【答案】whose 【解析】略 25．The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在会上解释的理由一点也不合理。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，“The reason”是先行词，“he explained at the meeting” 是定语从句修饰先行词“reason”。在这个定语从句中，“explained”是及物动词，缺少宾语，而先行词“reason”指物，所以要用关系代词“which”或“that”来引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 26．This is the very museum we visited during our school trip last year. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们去年学校旅行时参观的那个博物馆。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是museum，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词that/which引导定语从句；当先行词被the very修饰时，关系代词只能用that。故填that。 27．Those embrace challenges with courage often discover strengths they never knew they had. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些勇敢地迎接挑战的人往往会发现自己从未意识到的力量。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是Those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。 28．The people and things I met in the new school were quite impressive. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在新学校遇到的人和事给我留下了深刻的印象。空处引导定语从句，先行词是The people and things，有人又有物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导，故填that。 29．CISAR brings help and hope to those lives are changed by natural disasters. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：CISAR为那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人们带来帮助和希望。空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 30．Someone can speak quite a few language may seem especially talented. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：能说好几门语言的人可能看起来特别有天赋。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为Someone，引导词指代先行词在定语从句“_____ can speak quite a few language”中作主语，先行词Someone指人，为不定代词，此定语从句用关系代词who引导。故填 who。 31．You may not control all the events happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你可能无法控制发生在你身上的所有事情，但你可以决定不被它们击垮。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为all the events，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用that引导，故填that。 32．Disneyland is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：迪士尼乐园是我去过的最难忘的地方。此处引导限制性定语从句，指事物，作宾语，且先行词被最高级修饰，用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 33．This is the great architect works have won many international prizes. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位是伟大的建筑师，他的作品赢得了许多国际奖项。空处引导定语从句，先行词architect，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 34．I like the writers and their works you mentioned the other day. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢你前几天提到的作家和他们的作品。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词the writers and their works，且先行词既有人又有物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作mentioned的宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 35．Breakfast is available to the fishermen get up early and go fishing in the sea from 6 am. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：早餐提供给那些早上 6 点就起床去海里捕鱼的渔民。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the fishermen，作从句中的主语，表示人，可以用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 36．Zheng Qinwen is the first woman won the women’s singles champion in tennis. 【答案】that/who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：郑钦文是第一位获得网球女子单打冠军的女性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰名词woman，指人，且在从句中作主语，用that/who引导，故填that/who。 37．We eventually understood the very reason he explained to us for his absence from the meeting. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们最终明白了他向我们解释的缺席会议的真正原因。空处引导定语从句，先行词为reason，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作explained的宾语，且先行词有the very修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 38．I know the man house was destroyed in the earthquake. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认识那个房子在地震中被摧毁的人。“______ house was destroyed in the earthquake”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the man，关系词将其代入从句中修饰名词house，作定语，需用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 39．Do you know the man our teacher spoke to? 【答案】that/who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识我们老师交谈过的那个人吗？此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词the man指的是人，且在从句中作宾语，所以此处使用关系代词that、who或者whom。故填that/who/whom。 40．To be honest, Tibet is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老实说，西藏是我去过的最难忘的地方。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为place， 被形容词最高级the most unforgettable修饰，且在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。 三、完成句子 41．那些在计算机软件方面有天赋的人为本视频的制作作出了贡献。（talented） Those computer software contributed to the making of the video. 【答案】who are talented in 【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句和时态。“在计算机软件方面有天赋的”处理为限制性定语从句，“be talented in…”意为“在……方面有天赋”，先行词为“Those”，代指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词“who”引导从句，句子陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，故“be”转换为“are”。故填who are talented in。 42．Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements . 其次，太空探索推动了科技进步，使全人类受益。 【答案】that benefit us all 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“使全人类受益”即“这使我们都受益”，应用that benefit us all，为定语从句，that指代前文technological improvements，在从句中作主语，这里时态用一般现在时，表示客观情况。故填that benefit us all。 43．Is there anyone here is Li Hua? 这儿有叫李华的人吗? 【答案】whose name 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意，此处需用定语从句修饰“anyone”，该句可理解为“某人的名字叫李华”，先行词与“名字”name之间为所属关系，所以此处使用关系代词whose。故填whose name。 44．I have a classmate is a soldier. 我有一位同学，他的弟弟是士兵。 【答案】whose brother 【详解】考查定语从句。此句为定语从句，先行词是 a classmate，关系词在从句中作 brother 的定语，表所属关系，意为“…… 的” ，所以用关系代词whose引导该定语从句。“弟弟”为“brother”。故填 whose brother。 45．Please pass me the book . 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 【答案】whose cover is green 【详解】考查定语从句。英汉意思对比可知，空处应引导限制性定语从句“书的封皮是绿色的”，修饰先行词book，且关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose引导该从句，修饰名词“封皮”cover，描述现在的一般情况，从句应用一般现在时，单数名词cover作主语，从句中系动词“是”用is，表语“绿色的”用green。故填whose cover is green。 46．这个属于中国的岛屿通过一条桥和大陆相连。 The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge. 【答案】which belongs to China/belonging to China 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为关系代词which引导的定语从句，表示“属于中国”应为动词短语belong to China，结合主句动词短语is joined to可知，此处为一般现在时，所以此处为which belongs to China或者使用非谓语动词短语作定语修饰名词The island，两者之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填which belongs to China/belonging to China。 47．The boy studies very hard. 那个男孩学习非常刻苦，他的爸爸是一个老师。 【答案】whose father is a teacher 【详解】考查定语从句。“他的爸爸是一个老师”可处理为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The boy，先行词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导从句，从句主语“爸爸”用名词father，谓语“是”是连系动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时态is，“一个老师”作表语，用a teacher表示。故填：whose father is a teacher。 48．There seems to be nothing . 对他来说这世上似乎没有什么不可能的事。 【答案】that seems impossible for him in the world 【详解】考查定语从句。根据英汉意思对比及句子结构可知，空处应填定语从句，修饰先行词nothing，先行词为不定代词，且在句中作主语，定语从句的关系代词只能用that来引导，“似乎不可能”译为seem impossible，根据句中“seems”可知，句子陈述一般性事实，时态为一般现在时，从句主语为that指代先行词nothing，谓语动词用单数形式，“对他来说”译为for him，“这世上”译为in the world。故填that seems impossible for him in the world。 49．Everything has been done. 应当做的事情都已经做了。 【答案】that should be done 【详解】考查定语从句。空处是定语从句，先行词是Everything，“应当”使用情态动词should，“做”使用动词do，和Everything之间是被动关系，从句使用被动语态，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词that引导，故填that should be done。 50．这些旧照片让汤姆想起了他们一起度过的那些快乐的日子。 The old photos ． 【答案】reminded Tom of those happy days they had spent together 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。本题考查动词短语remind sb. of sth.，意为“使某人想起某事”。句子描述发生在过去的事情，时态要用一般过去时。表示“那些快乐的日子”，可用短语those happy days，作介词of的宾语；短语those happy days为先行词，指物，后接一个定语从句，引导词指代先行词，且在定语从句中作宾语，可用that或which引导定语从句，也可以将引导词省略；表示“他们”，需用代词they，作定语从句的主语；表示“一起度过”，可用动词短语spend together，作定语从句的谓语动词，主句时态为一般过去时，从句动作发生在主句动作之前，需用过去完成时,结构为had+过去分词。故填reminded Tom of those happy days they had spent together。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$