专题06 语法填空(名词性从句）-2025年高二英语暑假作业（语法填空）

2025年高二暑假作业——语法填空提分亮点之名词性从句06 一. 名词性从句 名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句要求掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的基本用法。 1. 名词性从句的连接词 (1)连词that，whether和if I. 这三个连词在句中只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that本身无意义，有时可省略，whether和if本身有意义，均不能省略。that和whether可以连接所有的名词性从句，而if引导名词性从句时只能引导动词的宾语从句或不在句首的主语从句。 II. whether与if的用法比较 二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导动词的宾语从句时可以互换。 在下列情况下，常用whether，不用if：a. whether引导从句可以放于句首。b. whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可。c. whether可以作介词宾语，if则不可。d. whether后可以加不定式，if不可。e. 可以用whether...or引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不论”，if则不可。 (2)连接代词 引导名词性从句的连接代词有：who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whichever，whoever。连接代词在句中既起连接作用，同时又充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。 (3)连接副词 引导名词性从句的连接副词有：when，where，how，why。连接副词在句中既是连接词，又作状语。 2. 主语从句 (1) 主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。主语从句作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 (2) that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。 I. It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal等)＋that从句 II. It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder等)＋that从句 III. It＋be＋过去分词(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，well­known，announced等)＋that从句 IV. It＋特殊动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that从句 温馨提示： a. 在“It is necessary，important，strange，natural＋that从句”结构中，从句常用“(should)＋动词原形”形式。 b. 在“It＋be＋suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，required＋that从句”结构中，that从句应用“(should)＋动词原形”。 3. 宾语从句 在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 (1)动词的宾语从句 I. 大多数动词(hope，tell，say，know，think，consider，imagine，hear，expect，suppose，guess等)可以带宾语从句。 注意：在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词引导的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，这一现象称为否定前移。 II. 动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有宾语补足语时，则需要it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。 III. 有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词(词组)有hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，see to等。 IV. that引导的宾语从句通常可以省略，但两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，从第二个开始不能省略。 V. 在名词性从句中，若主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，那么宾语从句的谓语动词可根据情况使用各种现在时态；若主句的谓语动词是过去时，那么宾语从句的谓语动词必须用相应的过去时态， 但如果宾语从句表示客观事实或真理，谓语动词应用一般现在时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。 温馨提示： a. where引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语。 b. that引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的，只有在except，in，but等介词后偶尔可能用到。 (3)sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，surprised等表示“情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。 4. 表语从句 在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。共分三类： (1)主句的主语是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”的形式。 (2)主语为名词reason时，引导表语从句中的连接词要用that，而不用why或because (3)because，as if，as though，as，like等连接词也可引导表语从句。 5. 同位语从句 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词具体内容的从句。 (1)能接同位语从句的名词有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order，answer，decision，explanation，information，thought，promise，evidence等。 (2)同位语从句一般用that引导，但也可以用连接代词(what，which，who)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)或whether引导。 (3)有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。如：Word came that...(……消息传来了) 6. 名词性从句的几个难点 (1)that通常不可省略的四种情况： I. 引导主语从句，that置于句首时不可省略。 II. 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略。 III. 由it作形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。 IV. 引导表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省略。 (2)what与that的区别： what在从句中充当一定成分并且具有特定含义“……的人(地方、东西)等”；that只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分并且也没有含义。 【跟踪练习1】 1. 主语从句引导词： It’s strange _____ it hasn’t been noticed before. 【解析】句意：真奇怪，之前竟然没有人注意到这一点。 _____ will win the next game is still unknown. 【解析】句意：接下来的比赛谁会获胜还不得而知。位于句首，大写开头。 _____ he was describing was not his own experience but another’s. 【解析】句意：他所描述的并非自己的经历，而是别人的经历。位于句首，大写开头。 _____ of us gets home first starts cooking. 【解析】句意：我们当中谁先到家，谁就先开始做饭。位于句首，大写开头。 【答案】that Who What Whichever 2. 宾语从句引导词： She reported _____ she had seen to the police. 【解析】句意：她把所见到的情况向警方作了汇报。 I wonder _____ you could help me. 【解析】句意：不知你能否帮我。 We asked _____ the money was. 【解析】句意：我们询问这笔钱在哪里。 You can eat _____ you like. 【解析】句意：你可以吃任何你想吃的东西。 【答案】what whether/if where whatever 3. 表语从句引导词： It seems _____ there are people from all over the world living here. 【解析】句意：似乎这里有来自世界各地的人们居住。 He is not _____ he was a few years ago. 【解析】句意：他和几年前相比已经大不一样了。 The question is _____ we can do the work better. 【解析】句意：问题在于我们怎样才能把这项工作做得更好。 It sounds _____ if you are from the south of the United States. 【解析】句意：听起来你好像是来自美国南部。 The question is _____ we should trust. 【解析】句意：问题在于我们应该相信谁。 【答案】that what how as who 4. 同位语从句引导词 There was little hope _____ they would survive. 【解析】句意：他们生还的希望十分渺茫。 I got the impression _____ you are unhappy. 【解析】句意：我感觉你似乎不太开心。 【答案】that that 【跟踪练习2】 1. _____ some people regard as a disadvantage is seen as an advantage by many others. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：有些人认为是缺点的事情，在另一些人看来却恰恰是优点。设空处引导主语从句，从句没有引导词，且从句谓语动词regard没有宾语，所填词要其双重作用，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 2. _____ the famous singer didn’t appear at the airport yesterday made his fans very disappointed. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：那位著名歌手昨天没有出现在机场，这让他的粉丝们非常失望。设空处引导主语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，所填词只起引导作用，位于句首，大写开头。故填That。 3. It is said _____ there has been an earthquake in Japan. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：据说日本发生了地震。固定句型：It is said that...，其中it作形式主语，主语从句作真正的主语。故填that。 4. _____ it will do us harm is not clear. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：它是否会对我们造成危害还不清楚。设空处引导主语从句，从句缺少引导词，不缺成分，但带有疑问语气，whether“是否”符合句意，if尽管有“是否”的意思，但不能引导主语从句。引导词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。 5. Do you know _____ broke the window? 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你知道是谁打破了窗户吗？设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，缺少主语，引导词指“人”。故填who。 6. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to be loved. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当被问及他们最需要什么时，孩子们回答说他们想要被爱。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句缺宾语，所填词起双重作用。故填what。 7. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你说每个人都应该平等，但这一点上我们意见不合。设空处在be动词后面，引导表语从句，从句谓语动词disgree是不及物动词，引导词在从句中相当于地点状语“在这一点上”。故填where。 8. The news _____ he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：他登上月球这一消息传遍了全世界。设空处引导同位语从句，只起引导作用，无词义，从句说明前面名词news的具体内容。故填that。 9. The boy dived into water and after _____ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：那个男孩跳进了水里，过了好一会儿，他才又浮出水面。设空处引导宾语从句，作介词after的宾语，从句缺少引导词，缺少主语，所填词起双重作用。故填what。 10. What we need _____(be) knowledge. What we need _____(be) many books. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们所需要的是知识。我们所需要的是大量的书籍。“What+主语+need”+be +表语，主句的谓语动词be取决于后面的表语，这两个句子都再说一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，第一空的表语是不可数名词 knowledge。故填is；第二空的表语是名词复数 books。故填are。 【答案】1—5 What That that Whether who 6—10 what where that what is are 三. 高考真题体验 1. On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _____ is now northwestern Wyoming. (2024全国甲卷) 【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：1870年9月中旬的一个凉爽、繁星满天的夜晚，四个人沿着如今属于怀俄明州西北部的Firehole河畔的篝火放松下来。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，is前缺少主语。故填what。 2. This is ______ they need an English trainer. (2023新课标II卷) 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 3. _____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scences. (2021新高考I卷) 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:关于这次经历,令人十分惊叹的地方在于那非凡的景色。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,表示“……的地方”,应用what引导该从句，且位于句首，大写字母开头。故填What。 【答案】what why What 四. 优秀模拟试题之语法填空精选 1 A few months ago I left my hometown for Canada to study. I felt nervous because I was going to ___1___ new place with new people. What worried my at first ____2___ that I couldn’t speak English ____3___ (fluent), and I also couldn’t understand ____4___ (they) customs. Everything was different ____5___my own country. I had to deal with everything alone. It was a sad moment ____6___ I had to say goodbye to my family and friends at the airport. Suddenly, I felt unwilling ____7___(leave) my hometown because I grew up there and had wonderful ____8___ (memory) of the familiar place. However, I know studying abroad was a ____9___ (decide) that I made myself. I had to accept the challenge. By now I have got used to the new life here already, though I’m looking forward to ____10___ (spend) the coming vacation with my old friends back home. o【答案】1. a；2. was 3. fluently；4. their；5. from；6. when；7. to leave；8. memories；9. decision； 10. spending 【解析】 1. 考查冠词。句意：我感到紧张，因为我要去一个都是陌生人的新地方。分析句子可知，place为可数名词被形容词new所修饰，表示一个新的地方。且new的首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以应填不定冠词a。故填 a. 2. 考查主谓一致。句意：起初使我担心的是我不能流利地说英语，也不能理解他们的习俗。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，what引导的主语从句在句中做主语，所以be动词为用第三人称单数was。故填was。 3. 考查副词。句意：起初使我担心的是我不能流利地说英语，也不能理解他们的习俗。分析句子可知，副词fluently修饰动词speak。故填fluently。 4. 考查代词。句意：起初使我担心的是我不能流利地说英语，也不能理解他们的习俗。空后名词customs 由形容词性物主代词。故填their。 5. 考查介词。句意：一切都和我的国家不一样。固定短语：be different from "与……不同" 。故填from。 6. 考查关系副词。句意：那是一个悲伤的时刻，我不得不在机场向我的家人和朋友告别。设空处引导定语从句，moment 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when。故填when。 7. 考查动词不定式。句意：我不愿离开我的家乡，因为我在那里长大，对那个熟悉的地方有着美好的回忆。固定搭配：be unwilling to do sth "不愿做某事"。故填 to leave。 8. 考查名词。句意：我不愿离开我的家乡，因为我在那里长大，对那个熟悉的地方有着美好的回忆。memory "记忆的东西，回忆 " 为可数名词。本句所描述的事物有多方面的回忆，所以用复数memories。故填memories。 9. 考查名词。句意：然而，我知道出国留学是我自己做出的决定，我不得不接受这个挑战。固定短语：make a decision“做决定”，其中不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数，动词decide的名词是decision。故填decision。 10. 考查动名词。句意：到现在为止，我已经习惯了这里的新生活，可是我一直期待和我的老朋友回家一起度过即将到来的假期。固定短语：look forward to“期盼……”，其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。故填spending。 2 A motto is a sentence or a phrase ___1___ can inspire us especially when we ___2___ (face)with difficulties. Many of us have our mottoes，such as "Where there is a will，there is a way. "or "Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. "My motto is "God helps those who help ___3___ (they)." Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts ___4___ (work)hard, but the moment I think of my motto I will be ___5___ (energy)again and devote myself ___6___ what I am doing. I write my motto where I can see it ___7___ (easy). Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me with much ___8___ (confident).My motto also makes me become an independent person. That is to say，I won't rely on others before I have ___9___ try. My friend, what is your motto? If you still haven’t got a motto, please choose ____10___ because a motto can have a great effect on you. 【答案】1. that/which 2. are faced 3. themselves 4. to work 5. energetic 6. to 7. easily 8. confidence 9. a 10. one 【解析】 1.that/which 考查定语从句。句意：座右铭是一句能激励我们的句子或短语，尤其是当我们面临困难的时候。设空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为a sentence or a phrase,指物。故填that/which。 2.考查固定用法。句意：座右铭是一句能激励我们的句子或短语，尤其是当我们面临困难的时候。固定用法：be faced with difficulties"面对困难"，句子在描述一个客观事实，用一般现在时，且句子主语是we。故填are faced。 3.考查反身代词。句意：自助者天助。这是一句谚语，此处表示“帮助某人自己”，再根据提示词them。故填themselves。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但我一想到我的座右铭，我就会精力充沛，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。make efforts to do sth."努力做某事"。故填to work。 5.考查形容词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但我一想到我的座右铭，我就会精力充沛，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。根据空前的be可知,这里需要用形容词作表语，energy的形容词是energetic。故用energetic。 6.考查介词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但我一想到我的座右铭，我就会精力充沛，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。固定搭配：devote oneself to..."致力于......"。故填to。 7.考查副词。句意：我把我的座右铭写在容易看到的地方。副词修饰动词see。故填easily。 8.考查词性转换。句意：每次我在考试中失败，开始失去信心，我的座右铭鼓舞了我很多的信心。根据空前的much可知,空处需用不可数名词, confident的名词是confidence。故填confidence。 9. 考查不定冠词。句意：也就是说，在我尝试之前，我不会依赖别人。此处try是名词，表示“一次尝试”，且try以辅音音素开头。故填a。 10.考查不定代词。句意：如果你还没有座右铭，请选择一个，因为座右铭可以对你有很大的影响。替代前面提到的同类可数名词用one，此处表示选择“一个座右铭”，替代a motto。故填one。 3 One day Katy Qualls saw a post on her neighborhood’s Facebook page, ____1____ (say) an old man with dementia (痴呆) had got lost. She knew the man’s family and she wanted to help find him. Especially with the cold temperature, she was very _____2_____ (worry) about the old man’s condition. With her parents’ _____3_____ (agree), she got dressed and set out to find the man along with other warmhearted neighbors _____4_____ were looking for the elderly man. Almost all of the search teams went into the woods to find the elderly man, ____5____ Katy took a different route. “I walked around and I felt like that was good,” she _____6_____ (explain). “ I heard something, and I turned to my left, finding he was lying on the floor on his side, backed up into the bushes (灌木丛).” Katy was very gentle with the man and made him believe that she wouldn’t hurt him. She then picked the man up into _____7_____ (she) arms and carried him to the police car. And she waited ____8____ (patient) with the old man inside the warm police car for his family _______9_______ (show) up and his wife was very grateful _____10_____ what Katy had done for them. 【答案】1.saying；2. worried；3. agreement；4. who；5. but；6. explained；7. her；8. patiently；9. showing；10. for 【解析】 1. 考查现在分词作状语。句意：一天，凯蒂·奎尔斯（Katy Qualls）在邻居的Facebook页面上看到一个帖子，说一位患有痴呆症的老人迷路了。句中saw是谓语动词，所以say是非谓语动词，且句子主语Katy Qualls和say之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故填saying。 2. 考查形容词作表语。句意：特别是在寒冷的气温下，她非常担心老人的状况。固定短语：be worried about“对……担忧”，其中worried作表语。故填worried。 3. 考查词性转换。句意：在父母的同意下，她穿好衣服，和其他热心的邻居一起去寻找老人。空前parents’是名词所有格，修饰名词。故填agreement。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：在父母的同意下，她穿好衣服，和其他热心的邻居一起去寻找老人。设空处引导定语从句，neighbors是先行词，指人，在定语从句中作主语。故填who。 5. 考查并列连词。句意：几乎所有的搜救队都到树林里去寻找老人，但凯蒂选择了不同的路线。前后是转折关系，用并列连词but连接并列句。故填but。 6. 考查动词时态。句意：“我四处走走，感觉很好，”她解释说。“解释”是过去发生的事，所以句子用一般过去时。故填explained。 7. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：然后，她把这名男子抱在怀里，带他上了警车。空后名词arms由形容词性物主代词修饰。故填her。 8. 考查副词。句意：她和老人一起在温暖的警车里耐心地等待着他的家人出现，他的妻子非常感激凯蒂为他们所做的一切。此处用副词修饰动词waited。故填patiently。 9. 考查动词-ing。句意：她和老人一起在温暖的警车里耐心地等待着他的家人出现，他的妻子非常感激凯蒂为他们所做的一切。句中waited是谓语动词，show应为非谓语动词，且和所修饰词family之间是主动关系，是动名词作介词for的宾语。故填showing。 10. 考查介词。句意：她和老人一起在温暖的警车里耐心地等待着他的家人出现，他的妻子非常感激凯蒂为他们所做的一切。固定搭配：be grateful for，意为“因……而感激”。故填for。 4 English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, “Where there’s tea, there’s hope.” Similarly, in China, it is said ___1___ firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessary items which begin a day. Tea is much more than just a hot drink. It’s a big part of many cultures around the world. You ___2___ (probable) know people in China use top-grade tea ___3___ (show) respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile, ___4___ British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country’s identity. As an ___5___ (express) of Moroccan hospitality and tradition, mint tea—a mix of green tea, spearmint (绿薄荷) leaves and sugar – ____6____ (serve) during gatherings and negotiations. Apart from its ___7___ (culture) significance, tea is also a medicine, ____8____ (use) from ancient times to modern day. “Tea is cold and lowers the fire,” Chinese herbalist （草药医师）Li Shizhen once ____9____ (say). The health benefits of tea are still being discovered today: preventing heart disease, obesity and cancer have all been linked ___10___ drinking green tea. 【答案】1.that；2.probably；3.to show；4.the；5.expression；6.is served；7.cultural；8.used；9.said；10.to 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了茶在世界各地很受欢迎，以及不同国家的饮茶文化和茶的一些功效。 1. 考查主语从句。句意：同样，在中国，据说柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋和茶是开始一天的七样必需品。固定句型：It is said that…“据说……”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填that。 2. 考查副词。句意：你可能知道，中国人在接待重要客人时，会用上等的茶来表示尊敬。副词修饰动词know。故填probably。 3. 考查动词不定式。句意：你可能知道，中国人在接待重要客人时，会用上等的茶来表示尊敬。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to show。 4. 考查定冠词。句意：与此同时，英国的下午茶传统是该国身份的重要组成部分。此处表示特指“英国的下午茶传统”。故填the。 5. 考查名词。句意：作为摩洛哥人热情好客和传统的一种体现，薄荷茶（由绿茶、香蜂草叶和糖混合而成）会在聚会和谈判时供应给大家。根据an ___5___ (express) of 可知，设空处用名词，express的名词是expression。故填expression。 6. 考查语态和主谓一致。句意：作为摩洛哥人热情好客和传统的一种体现，薄荷茶（由绿茶、香蜂草叶和糖混合而成）会在聚会和谈判时供应给大家。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子主语为mint tea，不可数名词，且和句子谓语动词serve之间是被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态。故填is served。 7. 考查形容词。句意：除了它的文化意义，茶也是一种药物，从古代到现代都在使用。空后significance是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词culture的形容词是cultural。故填cultural。 8. 考查过去分词。句意：除了它的文化意义，茶也是一种药物，从古代到现代都在使用。此处a medicine和use之间是被动关系，是过去分词作定语。故填used。 9. 考查一般过去时。句意：李时珍曾经说过。此处once意为“曾经”，句子用一般过去时。故填said。 10. 考查介词。句意：时至今日，茶对健康的益处仍在不断被发现：预防心脏病、肥胖和癌症都与饮用绿茶有关。固定搭配：link to意为“与……连接”。故填to。 5 Dear Li Wei, Many teenagers have difficulty ___1__(get) along with their parents. This is ___2__ common problem. You say that your father does not listen to you. Is this why you do not listen to him? Of course, your father will be angry when this ___3___ (happen)! It is only natural. You must listen to your father with ___4___ (patient). After all, he loves you and wants the best for you. Please have a face-to-face talk with your parents to explain how you feel, and remember ___5__ (give) them a chance to speak first. ___6___ seems that you need time to be yourself. However, part of being an adult is doing things ___7__ you are not always willing to do. You should make an effort to do what you are required to, which is good for you. Besides, you are supposed to do your homework because your studies have a great effect ___8__ your future life. Both being a teenager and being a parent can be very difficult. ___9__ , don't give up. With a little bit of communication, many of these problems can ___10__ (solve). Best regards! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】1. getting；2. a；3. happens；4. patience；5. to give；6. It；7. that/which；8. on；9. However； 10. be solved 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇应用文。在给李伟的书信中向他介绍如何处理青少年时期与父母的紧张关系，并提出了一些方法和建议。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多青少年与父母相处有困难。固定短语：have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处应使用动名词形式作宾语。故填getting 2. 考查冠词。句意：这是一个常见的问题。problem为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一个普遍的问题”表示泛指，所以使用不定冠词，common的首个音素为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。 3. 考查谓语动词。句意：当然，当这种情况发生时，你父亲会生气的！分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，主句使用一般将来时，从句中应使用一般现在时，happen与句子主语this之间为主动关系，且句子主语this为第三人称单数。故填happens。 4. 考查名词。句意：你必须耐心地听你父亲的话。此处为名词作with的宾语，patient的名词为patience意为“耐心”，且为不可数名词。故填patience。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：请和你的父母面对面地谈谈你的感受，记得先给他们一个说话的机会。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”，表示还没有发生，所以此处应使用不定式形式作宾语，此处表示主动意义。故填to give。 6. 考查代词。句意：看来你需要时间做自己。固定句型: It seems that…，其中it为形式主语，所以此处应使用it，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：然而，作为一个成年人的一部分就是做一些不总是愿意做的事情。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所应使用关系代词，先行词things指的是物，所以使用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 8. 考查介词。句意：此外，你应该做作业，因为你的学习对你未来的生活有很大的影响。固定短语: have a great effect on sth.意为“对……有很大影响”。故填on。 9. 考查副词。句意：尽管如此，不要放弃。此处为副词作状语，结合句意可知，设空前的“Both being a teenager and being a parent can be very difficult. (做青少年和做父母都是非常困难的。)”与空后的“don’t give up.(不要放弃。)”之间为转折关系，且空后有标点符号“，”隔开，所以此处应使用however表示“然而，尽管如此”，因位于句首，所以首字母需大写。故填However。 10. 考查动词的语态。句意：只要有一点沟通，很多问题都可以解决。此处为动词原形，结合句意可知，solve与句子主语many of these problems之间为被动关系，所以使用被动语态，因空前有情态动词can，所以此处应使用be solved。故填be solved。 6 Once there lived a rich man ___1___ wanted to do something for the people of his town. ___2___ first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ___3___ very large stone. Then he ___4___ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man，but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way .___5___man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove ___6___.Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone，___7___(say) to himself: “The night ___8___ (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his___9___(strong) to move it. ___10___ the stone, he found a bag of money. 【答案】1.who或that 2.But 3.a 4.hid 5.Another 6.it 7.saying 8.will be 9.strength 10.Under 1.考查定语从句。句意：曾经住着一个有钱人，他想为他所生活的城镇里的人们做些什么。空格处需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，因先行词a rich man指人，且定语从句中缺少主语，所以who和that都能引导。故填who或that。 2.考查并列连词。句意：但是他首先想确认一下镇上的人是否值得他帮助。根据句意可知，这里应该是转折关系。故填But。 3.考查不定冠词。句意：在市中心的主要道路上，他放了一块大石头。此处是泛指“一块大石头”，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 4.考查一般过去时态。句意：然后他藏到一棵树的后面。根据文章第一段第一句Once __ there lived a rich man.即可知本文是讲过去的事情，所以时态为一般过去时。hide的过去式是hid。故填hid。 5.考查不定代词。句意：另一个人过来，做了同样的事。泛指“另一个人”用another，并且后文then another came, and another.然后另一个人来了，接着又来了另一个，对此空进行了提示。故填Another。 6.考查it的用法。句意：所有的人都在抱怨这块石头，但都不去把石头搬开。前文提到的事物，此处再次提到，用代词代替，以避免重复。本文是代指前面所说到的那块大石头，是单数概念，同类同物。故填it。 7.句意：他看到这块石头，自言自语道。设空处为非谓语动词，因主语he与say之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填saying。 8.考查一般将来时态。句意：夜晚将是非常黑暗的。根据句意可知，此人说的情况是将来的情况，用一般将来时。故填will be。 9.考查词性转换。句意：他用尽全力推着石头，把它移开。根据介词with，可知后面应接名词结构，且空格处被形容词性物主代词his修饰，所以空格处应为名词形式。strong“强大的”是形容词，其名词为strength。故填strength。 10.考查介词。句意：在石头下，他发现一大袋钱。空格处应为介词，构成介宾结构，放在句首作状语，此处表示“在石头下面”所以应为介词under。故填Under。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高二暑假作业——语法填空提分亮点之名词性从句06 一. 名词性从句 名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句要求掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的基本用法。 1. 名词性从句的连接词 (1)连词that，whether和if I. 这三个连词在句中只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that本身无意义，有时可省略，whether和if本身有意义，均不能省略。that和whether可以连接所有的名词性从句，而if引导名词性从句时只能引导动词的宾语从句或不在句首的主语从句。 II. whether与if的用法比较 二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导动词的宾语从句时可以互换。 在下列情况下，常用whether，不用if：a. whether引导从句可以放于句首。b. whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可。c. whether可以作介词宾语，if则不可。d. whether后可以加不定式，if不可。e. 可以用whether...or引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不论”，if则不可。 (2)连接代词 引导名词性从句的连接代词有：who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whichever，whoever。连接代词在句中既起连接作用，同时又充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。 (3)连接副词 引导名词性从句的连接副词有：when，where，how，why。连接副词在句中既是连接词，又作状语。 2. 主语从句 (1) 主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。主语从句作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 (2) that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。 I. It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal等)＋that从句 II. It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder等)＋that从句 III. It＋be＋过去分词(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，well­known，announced等)＋that从句 IV. It＋特殊动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that从句 温馨提示： a. 在“It is necessary，important，strange，natural＋that从句”结构中，从句常用“(should)＋动词原形”形式。 b. 在“It＋be＋suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，required＋that从句”结构中，that从句应用“(should)＋动词原形”。 3. 宾语从句 在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 (1)动词的宾语从句 I. 大多数动词(hope，tell，say，know，think，consider，imagine，hear，expect，suppose，guess等)可以带宾语从句。 注意：在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词引导的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，这一现象称为否定前移。 II. 动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有宾语补足语时，则需要it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。 III. 有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词(词组)有hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，see to等。 IV. that引导的宾语从句通常可以省略，但两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，从第二个开始不能省略。 V. 在名词性从句中，若主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，那么宾语从句的谓语动词可根据情况使用各种现在时态；若主句的谓语动词是过去时，那么宾语从句的谓语动词必须用相应的过去时态， 但如果宾语从句表示客观事实或真理，谓语动词应用一般现在时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。 温馨提示： a. where引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语。 b. that引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的，只有在except，in，but等介词后偶尔可能用到。 (3)sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，surprised等表示“情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。 4. 表语从句 在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。共分三类： (1)主句的主语是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”的形式。 (2)主语为名词reason时，引导表语从句中的连接词要用that，而不用why或because (3)because，as if，as though，as，like等连接词也可引导表语从句。 5. 同位语从句 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词具体内容的从句。 (1)能接同位语从句的名词有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order，answer，decision，explanation，information，thought，promise，evidence等。 (2)同位语从句一般用that引导，但也可以用连接代词(what，which，who)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)或whether引导。 (3)有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。如：Word came that...(……消息传来了) 6. 名词性从句的几个难点 (1)that通常不可省略的四种情况： I. 引导主语从句，that置于句首时不可省略。 II. 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略。 III. 由it作形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。 IV. 引导表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省略。 (2)what与that的区别： what在从句中充当一定成分并且具有特定含义“……的人(地方、东西)等”；that只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分并且也没有含义。 【跟踪练习1】 1. 主语从句引导词： It’s strange _____ it hasn’t been noticed before. _____ will win the next game is still unknown. _____ he was describing was not his own experience but another’s. _____ of us gets home first starts cooking. 2. 宾语从句引导词： She reported _____ she had seen to the police. I wonder _____ you could help me. We asked _____ the money was. You can eat _____ you like. 3. 表语从句引导词： It seems _____ there are people from all over the world living here. He is not _____ he was a few years ago. The question is _____ we can do the work better. It sounds _____ if you are from the south of the United States. The question is _____ we should trust. 4. 同位语从句引导词 There was little hope _____ they would survive. I got the impression _____ you are unhappy. 【跟踪练习2】 1. _____ some people regard as a disadvantage is seen as an advantage by many others. 2. _____ the famous singer didn’t appear at the airport yesterday made his fans very disappointed. 3. It is said _____ there has been an earthquake in Japan. 4. _____ it will do us harm is not clear. 5. Do you know _____ broke the window? 6. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to be loved. 7. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree. 8. The news _____ he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 9. The boy dived into water and after _____ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 10. What we need _____(be) knowledge. What we need _____(be) many books. 三. 高考真题体验 1. On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _____ is now northwestern Wyoming. (2024全国甲卷) 2. This is ______ they need an English trainer. (2023新课标II卷) 3. _____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scences. (2021新高考I卷) 四. 优秀模拟试题之语法填空精选 1 A few months ago I left my hometown for Canada to study. I felt nervous because I was going to ___1___ new place with new people. What worried my at first ____2___ that I couldn’t speak English ____3___ (fluent), and I also couldn’t understand ____4___ (they) customs. Everything was different ____5___my own country. I had to deal with everything alone. It was a sad moment ____6___ I had to say goodbye to my family and friends at the airport. Suddenly, I felt unwilling ____7___(leave) my hometown because I grew up there and had wonderful ____8___ (memory) of the familiar place. However, I know studying abroad was a ____9___ (decide) that I made myself. I had to accept the challenge. By now I have got used to the new life here already, though I’m looking forward to ____10___ (spend) the coming vacation with my old friends back home. 2 A motto is a sentence or a phrase ___1___ can inspire us especially when we ___2___ (face)with difficulties. Many of us have our mottoes，such as "Where there is a will，there is a way. "or "Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. "My motto is "God helps those who help ___3___ (they)." Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts ___4___ (work)hard, but the moment I think of my motto I will be ___5___ (energy)again and devote myself ___6___ what I am doing. I write my motto where I can see it ___7___ (easy). Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me with much ___8___ (confident).My motto also makes me become an independent person. That is to say，I won't rely on others before I have ___9___ try. My friend, what is your motto? If you still haven’t got a motto, please choose ____10___ because a motto can have a great effect on you. 3 One day Katy Qualls saw a post on her neighborhood’s Facebook page, ____1____ (say) an old man with dementia (痴呆) had got lost. She knew the man’s family and she wanted to help find him. Especially with the cold temperature, she was very _____2_____ (worry) about the old man’s condition. With her parents’ _____3_____ (agree), she got dressed and set out to find the man along with other warmhearted neighbors _____4_____ were looking for the elderly man. Almost all of the search teams went into the woods to find the elderly man, ____5____ Katy took a different route. “I walked around and I felt like that was good,” she _____6_____ (explain). “ I heard something, and I turned to my left, finding he was lying on the floor on his side, backed up into the bushes (灌木丛).” Katy was very gentle with the man and made him believe that she wouldn’t hurt him. She then picked the man up into _____7_____ (she) arms and carried him to the police car. And she waited ____8____ (patient) with the old man inside the warm police car for his family _______9_______ (show) up and his wife was very grateful _____10_____ what Katy had done for them. 4 English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, “Where there’s tea, there’s hope.” Similarly, in China, it is said ___1___ firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessary items which begin a day. Tea is much more than just a hot drink. It’s a big part of many cultures around the world. You ___2___ (probable) know people in China use top-grade tea ___3___ (show) respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile, ___4___ British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country’s identity. As an ___5___ (express) of Moroccan hospitality and tradition, mint tea—a mix of green tea, spearmint (绿薄荷) leaves and sugar – ____6____ (serve) during gatherings and negotiations. Apart from its ___7___ (culture) significance, tea is also a medicine, ____8____ (use) from ancient times to modern day. “Tea is cold and lowers the fire,” Chinese herbalist （草药医师）Li Shizhen once ____9____ (say). The health benefits of tea are still being discovered today: preventing heart disease, obesity and cancer have all been linked ___10___ drinking green tea. 5 Dear Li Wei, Many teenagers have difficulty ___1__(get) along with their parents. This is ___2__ common problem. You say that your father does not listen to you. Is this why you do not listen to him? Of course, your father will be angry when this ___3___ (happen)! It is only natural. You must listen to your father with ___4___ (patient). After all, he loves you and wants the best for you. Please have a face-to-face talk with your parents to explain how you feel, and remember ___5__ (give) them a chance to speak first. ___6___ seems that you need time to be yourself. However, part of being an adult is doing things ___7__ you are not always willing to do. You should make an effort to do what you are required to, which is good for you. Besides, you are supposed to do your homework because your studies have a great effect ___8__ your future life. Both being a teenager and being a parent can be very difficult. ___9__ , don't give up. With a little bit of communication, many of these problems can ___10__ (solve). Best regards! Yours, Li Hua 6 Once there lived a rich man ___1___ wanted to do something for the people of his town. ___2___ first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ___3___ very large stone. Then he ___4___ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man，but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way .___5___man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove ___6___.Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone，___7___(say) to himself: “The night ___8___ (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his___9___(strong) to move it. ___10___ the stone, he found a bag of money. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$