专题01 语法填空(非谓语动词）-2025年高二英语暑假作业（语法填空）

2025年高二暑假作业——语法填空提分亮点之非谓语动词01 1. 动词不定式：1. 基本形式：to do(表示主动，并且一般表示将来)；一般式的被动式：to be done(表示被动，并且一般表示将来)；2. 完成式：to have done(表示主动和完成)；完成式的被动式：to have been done(表示被动和完成)；3. 进行式：to be doing(表示主动和进行)；4. 否定式：not to do 1. 不定式作状语 (1) 不定式用作目的状语是高考英语的一个高频考点，通常位于句首或句末，如果句子中的句意含有“为了……”的意思，原则上应填不定式。如： To make friends easily, you need to be friendly.(要容易地交到朋友，你就得表现得友善才行。) He got up from the sofa to fetch some drinks.(他从沙发上起身去拿些饮料。) (2) 在so...as to, enough to, only to, too...to等结构中，不定式作结果状语，其中only to do在句中作状语表示结果时，一般指“未料到的结果”。如： The rooms are all large enough to take a third bed.(这些房间都足够大，可以放得下一张额外的床。) He got to the airport hurriedly, only to be told that the plane had taken off.（他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知飞机已经起飞了。） (3)形容词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。常用的形容词有amazed, angry, anxious, delighted, disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, proud, ready, sorry, surpriused等。如：I’m more than happy to hear from you.(听到您的来信我非常高兴。) (4) 固定句型：主语+ be +形容词+不定式，其中不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，在形容词后作状语，常用的形容词有hard/ difficult/easy/cheap/expensive/ possible/impossible/pleasant/comfortable…。如： The chair is comfortable for us ______(sit) in. 【解析】考查不定式。句意：这把椅子坐起来很舒服。此处介词in的宾语就是句子的主语，主动表被动。故填to sit。 The question is difficult _____(answer). 【解析】考查不定式。句意：这个问题很难回答。此处动词answer的宾语就是句子的主语，主动表被动。故填to answer。 This cake is easy _____(make). 【解析】考查不定式。句意：这个蛋糕制作起来很简单。此处动词make的宾语就是句子的主语，主动表被动。故填to make。 The windows are almost impossible _____(open). 【解析】考查不定式。句意：这些窗户几乎无法打开。此处动词open的宾语就是句子的主语，主动表被动。故填to open。 【答案】to sit；to answer；to make；to open (5)固定结构中作状语：aim to do, fail to do, be likely to do等。 He is tall enough to change the bulb without getting on a chair.(他个子高得足以不用爬上椅子就能更换灯泡了。) The old are more likely to catch cold than the young.(老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。) 【跟踪练习】 1. _____ (avoid) any delay , please phone your order direct. 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为避免延误，请直接打电话订购。此处是不定式作目的状语，位于句首，第一个字母大写。故填 To avoid。 2. She gave him some money _____(let) him leave at once. 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：她给了他一些钱，让他立刻离开。此处是不定式作目的状语。故填to let。 3. You must know that pools are expensive _____(build). 【解析】考查不定式。句意：您应该明白，建造游泳池的成本是很高的。此处build的宾语就是that引导的宾语从句的主语pools，主动表被动。故填to build。 4. She is impossible _____(talk) to when she’s angry. 【解析】考查不定式。句意：她生气的时候根本没法跟她交流。此处介词to的宾语就是句子的主语，动词talk用不定式。故填to talk。 5. Doctors failed _____(save) the girl’s life. 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：医生们未能挽救这个女孩的生命。固定搭配：fail to do sth.“失败做某事”。故填to save。 6. They are likely _____(become) angry with him. 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他们很可能会对他发火。固定搭配：be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。故填to become。 【答案】1. To avoid 2. to let 3. to build 4. to talk 5. to save 6. to become 2.不定式作定语：(1) the first (second...last) to do；(2) the way/chance/opportunity/desire/attempt等+ to do He was the first person _____(arrive). 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：他是第一个到达的人。此处是不定式作后置定语。故填to arrive。 They had nothing _____(eat). 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：他们没有东西吃。不定代词后面用不定式作后置定语。故填to eat。 She made a decision _____(quit) her job. 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：她决定辞去现职。不定式作后置定语。故填to quit。 【答案】to arrive to eat to quit 【跟踪练习】 1. He was the last person _____(ask) to speak. 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：此处是不定式作后置定语，且person与动词ask之间是被动关系，要用不定式的被动式。故填to be asked。 2. I want to be the first man _____(beat) him. 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：我想成为第一个击败他的男人。the +序数词+名词+不定式，此处是不定式作后置定语。故填to beat。 3. He was the second _____(choose). 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：他是第二个被选中的。此处是不定式作后置定语，且he和choose之间是被动关系。故填to be chosen。 4. We don’t have enough paper ____(write) on. 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：我们没有足够的纸张用来书写。此处指“用来书写的纸”，是不定式作后置定语。故填to write。 【答案】 to be asked to beat to be chosen to write 3. 不定式作主语 不定式作主语，谓语动词要用单数；不定式作主语通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。常用句型有“It is/was + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do”“It takes/took (sb.) some time/money to do”“It is/was +名词词组+to do”等。 【跟踪练习】 1. It is not a good habit _____(stay) up too late. 【解析】句意：熬夜太晚可不是个好习惯。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to stay。 2. It will takea whole day _____(reach) the top of the mountain on foot. 【解析】句意：徒步登上山顶需要整整一天的时间。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to reach。 3. It’s necessary for the young _____(master) two foreign languages. 【解析】句意：对于年轻人来说，掌握两门外语是很有必要的。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to master。 4. It' s very nice of you _____(help) me. 【解析】句意：你能帮我真是太好了。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to help。 5. It' s impossible ____(get) there in time. 【解析】句意：根本不可能按时赶到那里。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to get。 【答案】 to stay to reach to master to help to get 4. 不定式作宾语 (1)只能用不定式作宾语的动词：afford，arrange，ask，choose，decide，decline，demand，desire，determine，expect，help，hope，manage，offer，plan，prepare，promise，refuse，tend，want，wish, agree, beg, care(愿意), happen, strive(努力), struggle, threaten, wait等。 He refused _____(let) me use his dictionary. 【解析】句意：他坚决不让我使用他的词典。不定式作宾语。故填to refuse。 They managed _____(get) what they wanted. 【解析】句意：他们成功地得到了他们想要的东西。不定式作宾语。故填to get。 I had no choice but _____(wait). 【解析】句意：我别无选择，只能等待。固定搭配：have no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事，别无选择。”，不定式作介词but的宾语。故填to wait。 【答案】to let to get to wait (2)“连接代词(副词)+不定式”作宾语：连接代词(副词)what, which, who, when, where, how及连词whether与不定式连用，相当于一个名词，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。如：I can’t decide what to choose.(我不能决定选择什么。) 【跟踪练习】 1. I want ____(watch) this movie at home. 【解析】句意：我想在家观看这部影片。want to do sth. “想要做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to watch。 2. Unfortunately, I didn’t manage ____(pass) the exam. 【解析】句意：很遗憾，我没能通过这次考试。 manage to do sth.“设法成功做成某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to pass。 3. He offered _____(lend) me some money. 【解析】句意：他主动提出要借给我一些钱。offer to do sth.“提供做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to lend。 4. She decided _____(go) to Paris for her holiday. 【解析】句意：她决定去巴黎度假。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to go。 5. Lily demanded _____(know) the truth. 【解析】句意：莉莉要求了解真相。demand to do sth.“要求做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to know。 6. It had no effect except _____(make) him angry. 【解析】句意：这根本不起任何作用，反而让他更加生气了。此处介词except后面用不定式作宾语。故填to make。 7. Do you know _____ to start, 7:00 pm or 8:00 pm? 【解析】考查连接副词。句意：你知道该什么时候开始吗？是晚上 7 点还是 8 点？此处是连接副词+不定式作宾语。故填when。 8. Alan showed me _____ to load the software. 【解析】考查连接副词。句意：艾伦给我演示了如何安装这个软件。此处是连接副词+不定式作宾语。故填how。 【答案】to watch to pass to lend to go to know to make when how 5. 不定式作宾补 (1)不含to的不定式作宾补：let/see/hear/watch/make/have/notice/observe/feel/look at/listen to sb. do sth. ；help sb. (to) do sth. (变成被动语态时，要把to加上) (2)带to的不定式作宾补的动词：advise，allow，ask，bear，cause，desire，determine，encourage，expect，forbid，get，hate，help，invite，like，make，mean，need，order，permit，prefer，request，remind，teach，tell，want，warn，wish，beg，force，intend，love，persuade，require等。 【跟踪练习】 1. He encouraged me _____(apply) for the job. 【解析】句意：他鼓励我申请这份工作。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to apply。 2. The patient was warned not _____(eat) oily food after the operation. 【解析】句意：手术后，医生告诫患者术后不要吃油腻的食物。be warned to do sth.“被告诫做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to eat。 3. Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made _____(cry) by his little sister. 【解析】句意：虽然他过去常常让他的小妹妹哭，但今天却是被他的小妹妹逗得哭了起来。be made to do sth.“被要求做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to cry。 4. Father will not allow us _____(play) on the street. 【解析】句意：父亲不会允许我们在街上玩耍。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to play。 5. The sight of the clock reminded me _____(leave) at once. 【解析】句意：看到那面钟，我就意识到得马上离开了。remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to leave。 6. I was told _____(wait) for him. 【解析】句意：有人告诉我要等他。be told to do sth.“被告诉做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to wait。 7. John was made _____(wash) the truck for a week as a punishment. 【解析】句意：约翰被要求连续一周清洗那辆卡车作为惩罚。be made to do sth.“被要求做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to wash。 【答案】to apply to eat to cry to play to leave to wait to wash 6. 不定式作表语：be动词后面用不定式作表语。主语是goal/desire/attempt/promise/idea等时，be后面通常用不定式作表语。如：My goal is to be admmitted to a key university.(我的目标是被一所重点大学录取。) 二. 现在分词：1. 基本形式：doing(表示主动和进行)；2. 被动式：being done(表示被动和进行)；3. 完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)；4. 完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成) 1.现在分词作状语 (1) 现在分词或短语作状语：现在分词作状语，表示谓语动词所发生的时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、结果等。 Don’t you sit there _____(do) nothing. 【解析】句意：你难道就坐在那里无所事事吗？此处是现在分词作伴随状语。故填doing。 _____(feel) tired, I went to bed early. 【解析】句意：感到疲惫，我早早地上床睡觉了。所给词feel与主语I是主动关系，是现在分词作原因状语，位于句首，第一个字母大写开头。故填Feeling。 _____(work) hard, you will succeed. 【解析】句意：努力工作，你就会成功。所给动词work与句子主语you之间是主动关系，是现在分词作条件状语，位于句首，第一个字母大写开头。故填Working。 _____(turn) around, she saw an ambulance. 【解析】句意：她转过身，看到了一辆救护车。所给动词turn与主语she之间是主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Turning。 【答案】doing Feeling Working Turning (2)“连词+现在分词”作状语：省略了相同的主语和be动词，相当于状语从句。 Be careful when _____(cross) the road. 【解析】句意：过马路时要小心。此处是“连词+现在分词”作时间状语。故填crossing。 He fell asleep while _____(do) his homework. 【解析】句意：他在做作业的时候睡着了。句子主语He和动词do之间是主动关系，省略了相同的主语和be动词，此处是“连词+现在分词”作时间状语。故填doing。 If _____(come) early, you will have a seat. 【解析】句意：如果早点来的话，您就能占到座位了。句子主语you和所给词come之间是主动关系，此处是省略了相同主语和be动词，“连词+现在分词”作条件状语。故填coming。 Unless _____(buy) books, she seldom goes downtown. 【解析】句意：除非去买书，否则她很少去市中心。句子主语she和所给词buy之间是主动关系，此处是省略了相同主语和be动词，“连词+现在分词”作条件状语。故填buying。 【答案】crossing doing coming buying 常见的独立成分： compared with/to...“与……”；taking...into consideration“考虑到……”；generally speaking“一般地说”；frankly speaking“坦白地说”；judging from/by...“根据……来判断”；to tell you the truth“说实话”。如： _____(judge) from his accent, he is from Hong Kong. 【解析】句意：从他的口音判断，他应该是来自香港的。独立成分：Judging from...“根据……来判断”。故填Judging。 _____(tell) you the truth, I am a little tired. 【解析】句意：说实话，我有点累了。独立成分：To tell you the truth“说实话”。故填To tell。 【答案】Judging To tell 【跟踪练习】 1. He went there _____ (ride) his bike. 【解析】句意：他骑着自行车去了那里。所给词ride和句子主语He之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故填riding。 2. _____ (love) others, you will be loved by others. 【解析】句意：关爱他人，你也会得到他人的关爱。句子主语you和所给动词love之间是主动关系，是现在分词作条件状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Loving。 3. He died, _____ (leave) his wife and children nothing but great debt. 【解析】句意：他去世了，留下他的妻子和孩子一身沉重的债务。句子主语He和所给动词leave之间是主动关系，是现在分词作结果状语。故填leaving。 4. ______ (read) a book, she found some spelling mistakes. 【解析】句意：她在阅读一本书时，发现了一些拼写错误。句子主语she和所给动词read之间是主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Reading。 5. When ______ (do) his homework, he heard the knocking at the door. 【解析】句意：当他做作业的时候，听到了敲门声。句子主语he和所给动词do之间是主动关系，是连词“when+现在分词”作时间状语。故填doing。 6. Though ______ (work) day and night, the man still couldn’t make enough money to pay off his debts. 【解析】句意：尽管他日夜不停地工作，但还是无法赚到足够的钱来偿还债务。句子主语the man和所给动词work之间是主动关系，连词“though+现在分词”作让步状语。故填working。 【答案】riding Loving leaving Reading doing working 2. 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语的特点：a. 表示动作正在进行；b. 表示它与逻辑主语之间为主动关系。 (1)单个的现在分词作定语：放在名词前面,修饰名词，相当于定语从句。 Take care of the _____ (cry) baby. 【解析】句意：照顾一下那个正在哭闹的婴儿。 He swam away from the _____ (sink) ship. 【解析】句意：他从那艘正在下沉的船上游了出去。 【答案】crying sinking (2)现在分词短语作定语：放在所修饰的名词后面，相当于定语从句。 I didn’t talk much to the man ___ (sit) next to me. 【解析】句意：我与坐在我旁边的那个男人交流得并不多。 The woman _____ (wash) the dishes is my aunt. 【解析】正在洗盘子的那个女人是我的阿姨。 We turned into the road ______ (lead) to the village. 【解析】我们拐进了通往那个村庄的那条路。 【答案】sitting washing leading 【跟踪练习】 1. Who are those people _____ (wait) outside? 【解析】句意：在外面等候的那些人是谁？ 2. Keep quiet! Don’t wake up the _____ (sleep) boy. 【解析】句意：保持安静！别吵醒那个正在睡觉的男孩。 3. The boy _____ (talk) to the teacher is my brother. 【解析】句意：正在和老师交谈的那个男孩是我的兄弟。 4. A man _____ (carry) a large parcel got out of the bus. 【解析】句意：一个提着一大包裹的男子下了公交车。 5. Anyone _____ (touch) that wire will get a shock. 【解析】句意：任何触碰那根电线的人都会触电的。 【答案】waiting sleeping talking carrying touching 3. 现在分词作补语 (1)feel/hear/notice/observe/see/watch...+sb. + doing；(2)catch/find/get/have/keep/leave/set...+ sb. + doing。现在分词作宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，转换为主语补足语。 I watch them _____ (play) volleyball on the playing ground. 【解析】句意：我看到他们在运动场上打排球。 We saw the teacher _____(do) the experiment. 【解析】句意：我们看到老师正在做实验。 The teacher caught him _____ (sleep) in class. 【解析】句意：老师发现他在课堂上睡觉了。 My younger sister was heard _____ (sing) that song. 【解析】句意：我妹妹被听到正在唱那首歌。 He was found ______ (lie) on the floor. 【解析】句意：他被发现躺在地板上。 【答案】playing doing sleeping singing lying 【跟踪练习】 1. I looked up and noticed a snake _____ (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 【解析】句意：我抬头望去，只见一条蛇正沿着树干向上爬，准备去捕食它的早餐。 2. I could feel the wind _____ (blow) on my face. 【解析】句意：我能感觉到风正吹拂在我的脸上。 3. They use computers to keep the traffic _____ (run) smoothly. 【解析】句意：他们利用电脑来确保交通顺畅运行。 4. His letter left me _____ (feel) pretty bad. 【解析】句意：他的来信让我感觉很糟糕。 5. He was seen _____ (sit) in a café. 【解析】句意：有人看到他坐在一家咖啡馆里。 【答案】winding blowing running feeling sitting 三. 动名词：1. 基本形式：doing(表示主动)；2. 被动式：being done(表示被动)；3. 完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)；4. 完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成) (1)动名词用于介词后作宾语 He was worried about _____ (lose) his job. 【解析】句意：他担心会失去工作。 I apologize for _____ (take) so long to reply. 【解析】句意：很抱歉，我回复得如此迟缓。 You can gain by _____ (watch) how she works. 【解析】句意：你可以通过观察她的工作方式来获益。 【答案】losing taking watching 【跟踪练习】 1. He left without _____ (pay) his bill. 【解析】句意：他没付账就离开了。 2. I’m interested in _____ (collect) stamps. 【解析】句意：我对集邮很感兴趣。 3. What about _____ (play) basketball on Sunday afternoon? 【解析】句意：那周日下午去打篮球怎么样？ 4. Linda is good at _____ (sing). 【解析】句意：琳达擅长唱歌。 【答案】paying collecting playing singing (2)动名词用于动词后作宾语 只能用动名词作宾语的动词：imagine, avoid, include, keep, represent, admit, allow, appreciate, consider, delay, deny, discuss, enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, mention, mind,miss, practise/practice, risk, stop, suggest, advise, excuse, permit等。如： Be quiet！He hasn’t finished _____ (speak). 【解析】句意：安静点！他还没说完呢。 You must practise _____ (speak) English more. 【解析】句意：你必须多练习说英语。 Your duties incude _____ (type) letters and answering the telephone. 【解析】句意：你的工作包括打字和接听电话。 【答案】speakig speaking typing 【跟踪练习】 1. I keep _____ (tell) you, but you won’t listen! 【解析】句意：我一直在跟你说，可你就是不听！ 2. I try to avoid _____ (go) shopping on Saturdays. 【解析】句意：我尽量避免在周六去购物。 3. They may even risk _____ (lose) their homes. 【解析】句意：他们甚至可能会面临失去家园的危险。 4. I want to travel because I enjoy _____ (meet) people and _____(see) new places. 【解析】句意：我想去旅行是因为我喜欢与人交流以及探索新的地方。 5. Hearing him come in she stopped ______ (cry). 【解析】句意：听到他进来，她停止了哭泣。 【答案】telling going losing meeting seeing crying (3)动名词作定语：位于名词前，说明名词的用途或目的，相当于for短语。如：a walking stick相当于a stick for walking Notices in the _____ (wait) room requested that you neither smoke nor spit. 【解析】句意：候诊室里的告示要求您不要吸烟也不要吐痰。 The doctor told me not to take ______(sleep) pills. 【解析】句意：医生告诉我不要服用安眠药。 【答案】waiting sleeping 【跟踪练习】 1. It was a luxury if you had a ______ (wash) machine in those days. 【解析】句意：在那个年代，拥有一台洗衣机可真是件奢侈的事。 2. A _____(race) car is an extraordinary feat of engineering. 【解析】句意：一辆赛车是一项极其出色的工程成就。 3. We need a new _____(work) nethod. 【解析】句意：我们需要一种新的工作方法。 4. She trained five times a week at her local _____ (swim) pool. 【解析】句意：她每周在当地的游泳池训练五次。 【答案】washing racing working 四. 过去分词：1. 基本形式：done；2. 及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。 1. 过去分词作定语的特点：修饰名词，与名词之间是被动关系，表示被动；修饰名词，表示动作已完成。 (1)单个的过去分词作定语：放在名词前面，与名词之间是被动关系，相当于含被动语态的定语从句。 She is a _____(train) nurse. 【解析】句意：她是一名受过专业训练的护士。 This part of the exam requires a _____(write) answer. 【解析】句意：这部分考试需要书面作答。 【答案】trained written (2)过去分词短语作定语：放在名词后面，与名词之间是被动关系，相当于含被动语态的定语从句。 He drove up the hill to the temple _____(hide) in the forest. 【解析】句意：他驾车爬上山坡，来到那座隐匿于森林中的寺庙前。 The trees ______(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. 【解析】句意：被暴风雨吹倒的树木已被移离了道路。 【答案】hidden blown 【跟踪练习】 1. The system _____(use) in this school is very successful. 【解析】句意：这所学校所采用的这套系统非常成功。 2. Cars _____(park) illegally will be removed. 【解析】句意：违规停放的车辆将被移走。 3. The paintings _____(steal) from the museum haven’t been found. 【解析】句意：从博物馆被盗走的那些画作至今仍未被找到。 4. There are _____(fall) leaves on the ground in fall. 【解析】句意：在秋天，地面上有落叶。 5. He has been a _____(change) man since his divorce. 【解析】句意：自从离婚后，他整个人都变了。 【答案】used parked stolen fallen changed 2.过去分词作补语：动词+宾语+宾补(过去分词)，其中宾语和过去分词之间是被动关系，变成被动语态时，宾补转变成主语补足语。 We want the work _____(finish) by Saturday. 【解析】句意：我们希望这项工作能在周六之前完成。 The song was heard _____(sing) by her in English. 【解析】句意：这首歌是她用英语演唱的。 【答案】finished sung 【跟踪练习】 1. I heard my name _____(call). 【解析】句意：我听到有人叫我的名字。 2. Everyone considerded it greatly _____(improve). 【解析】句意：大家都认为它有了很大的改进。 3. The fire is reported _____(control). 【解析】句意：据报道，大火已被控制住。 4. One of the glasses was found _____(break). 【解析】句意：其中一只玻璃杯被发现已经破碎了。 【答案】called improved controlled broken 五. 高考真题体验 I. 组(动词不定式) 1. These sepals open on warm days _____(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.(2024新课标I卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 2. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed _____(find) the connection between the two great writers.(2024新课标II卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：埃德蒙森表示，这些文化元素提升了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说，漫步在出生地花园里的游客常常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。be amazed to do sth 为固定搭配，对做某事感到惊讶。故填to find。 3. Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend _____(catch) our attntion because of their large size and variety.(2024全国甲卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管各级都有各种规模和类型的公园,但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意,因为它们体积大,种类繁多。固定搭配:tend to do sth.,表示“倾向于做某事”,不定式作宾语,故填to catch。 4. To eat one, you have to decide whether ___1__(bite) a small hole in it first releasing the stream and riskig a spill (溢出)，___2__ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. (2023新课标I卷) 【解析】 1.考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 2.考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 5. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___1__(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their___2__(they) contents. (新课标I卷) 【解析】 1.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 2. 考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 6. I don’t know _____ to thank him. (2022新高考II卷) 【解析】考查连接副词。句意：我不知道该如何感谢他。此处是“连接副词+不定式”作宾语。故填how。 7. A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step _____(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. (2022全国甲卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。结合句意，分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语作定语。非谓语作定语修饰名词时，若名词前有序数词修饰限定，则只能用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。 8. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim _____(have) a low impact on the natural environment. (2021全国乙卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动种类繁多，从观赏鲸鱼到徒步旅行都有，而且住宿设施也致力于对自然环境的影响降到最低。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”，不定式作宾语。故填to have。 9. These days, it is not unusual for 10-to-12-year-olds to publishi their own websites or for second and third graders _____(begin) computer great classes. (2020新高考II卷) 【解析】考查不定式作主语。句意：如今，十几岁的孩子自己开设网站的情况屡见不鲜，而二三年级的孩子也开始上计算机课程了。此处it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to begin。 10. They are easy _____(care) for and make great presents. (2020全国卷II) 【解析】考查不定式作状语。句意：它们易于打理，而且非常适合当作礼物送人。此处care for的宾语就是句子的主语，主动表示被动，是不定式作状语。故填to care。 【答案】to give to find to catch to be lifted how to journey to have to begin to care II. 组(现在分词) 1. ______(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”(2024新课标II卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 2. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems grrdy, so I am always left _____(want) more next time.(2023新课标I卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买汤包，一笼屉是不够的，然而两笼屉似乎有点贪婪，所以我总是想下次多吃一些。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词"am left"，空处需填非谓语动词，want和逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作主语补足语，leave sb doing sth"使某人保持做某事的状态"，此处为其被动结构sb.be left doing。故填wanting。 3. ______(visit) severaltimes over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. (2023全国乙卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词充当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用现在完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成式；置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having visited。 4. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years _____(record) everthing I discovered. (2023全国乙卷) 【解析】考查动名词。句意：作为一名摄影师，过去两年里我一直在记录下我所发现的一切。固定搭配：spend...(in) doing sth.“在做某事上花费……”，其中介词in可以省略。故填recording。 5. “There was once a town in the heart of American, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,”her fable begins, _____(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. (2023全国甲卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 6. _____(cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. (2022新高考I卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动。句意：格兰尼普国家公园的面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，它将成为美国首批国家公园之一。根据句子“___anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍”中没有主语，所以动词cover不是谓语动词，它与它的逻辑主语“占地面积”是主动关系，意思是“占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍”，所以要用cover的现在分词形式covering，句首首字母大写。故答案为Covering。 7. Henry ran one hundred metres , jumped over a 1.2-metre fence , and held out his arms to catch the _____(fall) child. (2022新高考II卷) 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：亨利跑了 100 米，跳过了 1.2 米高的围栏，然后张开双臂去接那个跌落的儿童。此处表示“正在下落的孩子”，是现在分词作前置定语。故填falling。 8. ___1__ (strengthen) the connection with young people , the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___2__(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. (2022全国乙卷) 【解析】 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。 8. He flew 4,700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, _____(plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. (2022全国卷II) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：9 月 20 日，他从西安出发，飞行了 4700 公里抵达喀什。他计划在五个月内徒步返回西安。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语动词flew，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且主语He和plan之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填planning。 9. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage , _____(think) it is food. 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：得知许多海洋动物会吞食塑料垃圾，并误以为那是食物，这让我感到非常痛心。句子的主语是“many sea animals”，其谓语动作为“eat plastic garbage”，而空格后的“it is food”是海洋动物的认知逻辑。此处需填入非谓语动词作伴随状语，表示“边吃边认为塑料是食物”。由于“sea animals”与“think”为主动关系，且动作同时发生，因此用现在分词形式“thinking”。故填thinking。 【答案】planning thinking III. 组(动名词) 1. The latest _____(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. (2024新课标I卷) 【解析】考查词形转换。句意：最新的工程技术被用于打造这种兼具防护功能又美观的结构。根据句子结构可知，The latest 56 (engineer)techniques部分为本句的主语，techniques前需要定语，engineering n工程，工程学，名词作定语。 engineering techniques工程技术。因此应填engineering。 2. Minimize the impact of _____(visit) the place. (2021全国乙卷) 【解析】考查动名词作宾语。句意：尽量减少前往该地所产生的影响。介词of后面用动名词作宾语。故填visiting。 3. After _____(spend) some time looking at all the defensive eqiupment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action. (2021全国甲卷) 【解析】考查动名词作宾语。句意：在仔细查看了围墙上的所有防御装备一段时间后，我们决定是时候采取行动了。介词after后面用动名词作宾语。故填spending。 4. Visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine them living at a different time in history or _____(walk) through a rainforest. (2021新高考I卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观看展品外，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在历史上不同的时代，或者在雨林中漫步。由空前的or可知，本空与living是并列关系，故填walk“走”的现在分词walking，与living共同作宾补，imagine sb doing sth.“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。 5. They represent the earth _____(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. (2020全国卷II) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着复苏的大地和对新开端的美好祝愿。分析句子结构可知come在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。 【答案】engineering visiting spendinf walking coming IV. 组(过去分词)： 1. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___1__(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, ___2__(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. (2024新课标II卷) 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 2. 考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 2. Shanghai may be the _____(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace. (2023新课标I卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 3. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _____(bulid) system of ring roads. (2023全国乙卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，这里承载着超过 3000 年的辉煌历史，甚至连布局都独具特色，这座城市还保留着精心构建的环形道路系统。空处位于副词carefully后以及名词system前,且system和build为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用build的过去分词形式作定语,修饰system。故填built。 4. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ______(intend) for everyone. (2023全国甲卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 5. It can help to build a community with a _____(share) future for mankind. (2022全国卷I) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，“这有助于构建人类命运共同体。”。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词做前置定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 6. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation _____(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. (2022全国甲卷) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 7. They make great gifts and you see them many times _____(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. (2020全国卷II) 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。此处是see+宾语+宾语补足语结构。them作see的宾语,指代橘树,和decorate之间是被动关系,故用过去分词decorated作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 【答案】inspired recognized built intended shared held decorated 六. 优秀模拟试题之语法填空精选 1 Zwick could not hide her emotions when a kind-hearted stranger gave up his first-class plane seat for her and her sick daughter. Though she did not get to thank him properly on the plane, she ____1__(final) got her chance on social media after her post spread quickly online. Zwick was flying from Orlando to Philadelphia with her 11-month-old daughter Lucy ___2__ (early) this week. Since the baby suffered from lung disease, the two of them were travelling to a children's hospital in Philadelphia for__3___(treat). She was pushing a stroller (婴儿手推车), had ___4___ big bag on her arm and carried an oxygen machine for her daughter. As they ___5___ (settle) into their seats, however, Zwick was surprised to be approached by a flight attendant, ___6___ said that a man in first class wanted to switch seats with her. “Not able to hold back____7___(tear), I cried on the seat while my daughter Lucy laughed, “wrote Zwick.” I smiled and thanked you as we switched seats but didn't get to thank you properly. Thank you for ___8___ (care) about us and realizing that maybe things are not always easy. Thanks for intending ____9___ (show) a random act of kindness to us. ___10___ reminded me how much good there is in this world.” 【答案】1. finally；2. earlier；3. treatment；4.a；5. settled；6. who；7. tears；8. caring；9. to show；10. It 【解析】 1. 考查副词。句意：尽管她在飞机上没有好好感谢他，但在她的 Facebook 帖子在网上迅速传播后，她终于在社交媒体上得到了机会。修饰动词 got 应用 final 的副词形式finally。故填finally。 2. 考查固定搭配。句意：本周早些时候，Zwick 和她11个月大的女儿 Lucy 从奥兰多飞往费城。本句运用了固定搭配earlier this week，意为“本周早些时候”，在句子里直接作时间状语。故填earlier。 3. 考查名词。句意：由于婴儿患有肺部疾病，她们两人当时正前往费城的一家儿童医院接受治疗。介词for后面应接名词，所以此处应用treat的名词形式treatment。故填treatment。 4. 考查冠词。句意：她推着婴儿车，胳膊上扛着一个大包，为女儿提着氧气机。bag 为可数名词，且在文中第一次出现，应用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指，且 big 以辅音音素开头，应用 a 修饰，表示“一个”。故填a。 5. 考查动词时态。句意：然而，当她们坐到座位上时，兹威克很惊讶有一名空乘人员走近，这名空乘人员说，头等舱的一名男子想与她互换座位。事情发生在过去，表示过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，所以动词settle应使用过去时态settled。故填settled。 6. 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：然而，当她们坐到座位上时，兹威克很惊讶有一名空乘人员走近，这名空乘人员说，头等舱的一名男子想与她互换座位。主句结构完整，空格所在句为非限制性定语从句，空格处应填关系代词，在从句中做主语，且先行词是a flight attendant，故关系代词应用who。故填who。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：Zwick写道：“我没能忍住泪水，在座位上哭了起来，而我女儿Lucy 笑了。”固定搭配：hold back tears，意为“忍住泪水”。故填tears。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：感谢您对我们的关心，并意识到事情并不总是那么容易，感谢您决定对我们做出善举。介词 for 后面应跟动词 ing 形式。故填caring。 9. 考查固定搭配。句意：感谢您对我们的关心，并意识到事情并不总是那么容易，感谢您决定对我们做出善举。固定搭配：want to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”。故填 to show。 10. 考查代词。句意：它提醒了“我”这个世界上有多少美好的事物。句子的主语应为上文的 a random act of kindness，此处用代词 it 指代，句首首字母大写。故填It。 2 The bicycle is ____1____ most popular means of transport in China. People ride it for various ____2____(purpose) such as going to and from school and work. Bicycles are very cheap and easy ____3____ (buy) in China. There are many advantages of riding a bicycle. Firstly, ____4___ (compare) with cars ___5___ are powered by gas, bicycles can do good to ____6____ (save) energy and reducing the air pollution. Taking up less space, a bicycle can also ____7____ (light) the traffic jams. Most importantly, people can keep ___8___ (health) by riding a bicycle regularly. ___9___my view, the future of the bicycle will be bright because some city governments have built special paths for bicycle riders and ____10____ (provide)“public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge. Bicycles will be popular again in China. 【答案】1. the 2. purposes 3. to buy 4. compared 5. which/ that 6. saving 7. lighten 8. healthy 9. In 10. have provided / provided 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国最受欢迎的交通用工具——自行车。 1. 考查定冠词。句意：自行车是中国最流行的交通工具。根据most popular可知，此处是形容词最高级，形容词最高级前用定冠词。故填the。 2. 考查名词复数。句意：人们骑它有各种各样的目的，比如上下学和上班。various是形容词，意为“各种各样的”，后跟名词复数。故填purposes。 3. 考查动词不定式。句意：自行车在中国很便宜，也很容易买到。形容词cheap和easy后面用动词不定式主动表被动，动词不定式的宾语就是句子的主语。故填to buy。 4. 考查固定搭配。句意：首先，与汽油驱动的汽车相比，自行车有利于节约能源和减少空气污染。固定搭配：compared to/with…，“与……相比较”。故填compared。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：首先，与汽油驱动的汽车相比，自行车有利于节约能源和减少空气污染。设空处填引导词构成定语从句，且在从句中作主语，cars是先行词，指物。故填which/ that。 6. 考查动名词。句意：首先，与汽油驱动的汽车相比，自行车有利于节约能源和减少空气污染。固定搭配：do good to，意为“对……有益处”，其中to是介词，后面的动词用动名词作宾语。故填saving。 7. 考查动词。句意：占用更少的空间，自行车也可以缓解交通堵塞。情态动词can后跟动词原形，所给词light是形容词“轻的”，其动词为lighten，意为“缓解，减轻”。故填lighten。 8. 考查形容词。句意：最重要的是，人们可以通过经常骑自行车来保持健康。keep healthy“保持身体健康”，其中keep是连系动词，后面用形容词作表语。故填healthy。 9. 考查介词。句意：在我看来，自行车的未来将是光明的，因为一些城市的政府已经为骑自行车的人建造了专门的道路，并提供了“公共自行车”在市中心免费行驶。固定搭配：in one’s view,意为“以某人看来”，位于句首，首字母用大写。故填In。 10. 考查动词时态。句意：在我看来，自行车的未来将是光明的，因为一些城市的政府已经为骑自行车的人建造了专门的道路，并提供了“公共自行车”在市中心免费行驶。此处是并列的谓语动词，根据前并列连词前面的have built可知，设空处用现在完成时。故填have provided / provided。 3 Are you interested in the popular shopping culture--Singles Day? I’d like to inform you ____1____ some information about it. There are ____2____ (vary) theories about the origin of Singles Day in China. One of the popular theories is ____3____ Singles Day originated from campus culture. In 1993, four senior students at Nanjing University came up with the idea of organizing activities on Nov 11 as a day for single people. Gradually ____4____ (accept) by society, this festival attracts more and more people. With the spread of media and online culture, Singles Day is now hugely popular. At present, Nov 11 is a shopping carnival. “Double 11” with the purpose of the online promotion ____5____ (hold) by Taobao (Tmall) on Nov 11, 2009. With the popularity of online shopping, the turnover (营业额) of “Double11” Shopping Festival reached 213.5 billion in 2018, rising ____6____ (steady), which is a delight to sellers. When shopping day meets Singles Day, what will people do? Perhaps, this special day makes no ____7____ (different) to those who are in their ____8____ (forty) or older ages, but young people are loyal consumers who will take risks of ____9____ (run) out of their money to purchase. It is the young consumers ____10____ have strong desire to buy that day. They like the discounts of the goods. 【答案】1. of/about 2. various/varied 3. that 4. accepted 5. was held 6. steadily 7. difference 8. forties 9. running 10. who/that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“光棍节”的起源，现在的特点，以及对年轻人的影响。 1. 考查介词。句意：我想告诉你关于它的一些信息。此处考查短语 inform sb of/about sth.告知/通知某人某事。故填 of/about。 2. 考查形容词。句意：关于光棍节的起源在中国有各种各样的说法。此处应填形容词修饰名词 theories。故填various/varied。 3. 考查表语从句。句意：一种流行的理论是光棍节起源于校园文化。设空处填引导词，引导表语从句，后面的从句不缺成分。故填that。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日逐渐被社会所接受，吸引了越来越多的人。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，accept 和逻辑主语 the festival 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填 accepted。 5. 考查时态和语态。句意：以网络推广为目的的“双11”于2009年11月11日由淘宝(天猫)举办。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语动词，由 on Nov 11. 2009 判断为一般过去时，又Double 11和 hold 之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语Double 11是单数。故填 was held。 6. 考查副词。句意：随着网购的趋势，2018年“双十一”购物节的营业额达到2135亿美元，稳步上升，这对卖家来说是一个好消息。修饰动词rising，用副词形式。故填steadily。 7. 考查短语。句意：也许，这个特殊的节日对那些四十多岁或更老的人来说并没有什么不同，但年轻人是忠诚的消费者，他们会冒着把钱花光的风险去购物。no后面跟名词，此处考查短语 make no difference to 对……没有影响。故填difference。 8. 考查数词。句意：也许，这个特殊的节日对那些四十多岁或更老的人来说并没有什么不同，但年轻人是忠诚的消费者，他们会冒着把钱花光的风险去购物。固定搭配：in one’s +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十几岁时”。故填forties。 9. 考查动名词。句意：也许，这个特殊的节日对那些四十多岁或更老的人来说并没有什么不同，但年轻人是忠诚的消费者，他们会冒着把钱花光的风险去购物。此处应填动名词作为介词 of 的宾语，故填 running。 10. 考查强调句。句意：正是年轻的消费者在那一天有强烈的购买欲望。此处考查强调句 it is/was + 强调部分 + that（强调人时可用 who），该句强调 young consumers。故填 who/that。 4 Beijing Opera is a traditional opera ____1____ a long history of over 200 years. It is developed from absorbing (吸收) many other dramatic (戏剧的) forms, mostly from the local drama “Huiban”, which is popular in south China during ____2____ eighteenth century. In 1790, four famous troupes (剧团) from Anhui Province came to Beijing to perform for the emperor, ____3____ was interested in local operas. After that, a new type came into being ____4____ (gradual), known as Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera features four major ____5____ (role) — Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou. It’s full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. The stories in it are very ____6____ (interest). Some of them are from history books, but most ____7____ (be) from famous novels. Beijing Opera is not only popular in China, ____8____ also has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all times, was the first ____9____ (introduce) Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese ____10____ (culture) traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera. 【答案】1. with 2. the 3. who 4. gradually 5. roles 6. interesting 7. are 8. but 9. to introduce 10. cultural 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述京剧的历史、主要特点、对世界的影响和发展过程。 1. 考查介词。句意：京剧是一种有着200多年悠久历史的传统戏曲。with a long history of,意为“有悠久的历史”，其中介词with的意思是“具有，带有，和……一起”。故填with。 2．考查定冠词。句意：它是在吸收了许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的，主要来自18世纪流行于中国南方的地方戏剧“徽班”。序数词前面需要加定冠词。故填the。 3．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：1790年，四个著名的安徽剧团来到北京为皇帝表演，皇帝对地方戏剧很感兴趣。the emperor是先行词，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。 4．考查副词。句意：在那之后，一种新的类型逐渐形成，被称为京剧。came into being是动词短语，由副词修饰。故填gradually。 5．考查名词的数。句意：京剧有四个主要角色——生、旦、静、丑。前面有数字four，所以用复数名词。故填roles． 6．考查形容词。句意：里面的故事很有趣。be动词后面用形容词作表语，所以此处用interest的形容词。故填interesting。 7．考查主谓一致。句意：其中一些来自历史书，但大多数来自著名小说。主语most指most books，所以用are作谓语。故填are。 8．考查并列连词。句意：京剧不仅在中国很受欢迎，而且还传播到许多其他地方。固定搭配：not only…but also…，意为“不但……，而且……”。故填but。 9．考查动词不定式。句意：梅兰芳是有史以来最著名的演员之一，她是第一个将京剧介绍给外国人的人，并在国外进行了非常成功的巡回演出。the first后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to introduce。 10．考查形容词。句意：京剧是中国的国剧，它充满了中国的文化传统。形容词作定语修饰名词，此处用culture的形容词。故填cultural。 5 Calligraphy (书法), ___1___(consider) as one of the unique traditional Chinese arts, has a long history of about 1000 years. It is not only a tool of cultural communication ___2___an artistic treasure with shining and extraordinary beauty. As the representative of Chinese art, it ___3___ (know) as the most ancient artistic form in the eastern world. Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring ___4___(country). To practise calligraphy ___5___(require) the basic tools of four treasures of study as well as much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush charged with fluid ink, and writing on the paper ___6___ the ink will spread quickly. Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, ___7___(strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork. When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even ___8___ (they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art. Thus it also can shape and improve a person’s temper and promote well being. Calligraphy, ___9___ a mirror, is a silent reflection of the soul.Today, although various modern ways have been substituted for the original calligraphy, ___10___ (especial) which is created with a writing brush, people still love the ancient form and practise it untiringly. 【答案】1. considered 2. but 3. is known 4. countries 5. requires 6. where 7. strength 8. themselves 9. like 10. especially 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国的独特的传统的艺术之一——书法。 1. 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：书法，被认为是中国独特的传统艺术之一，有着大约1000年的悠久历史。句中has是谓语动词，所给词consider是非谓语动词，此处Calligraphy 和consider之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填considered。 2. 考查固定搭配。句意：它不仅是一种文化交流的工具，更是一种艺术瑰宝，闪耀着非凡的美。固定搭配：not only…but also…“不但……而且……”。故填but。 3. 考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：作为中国艺术的代表，它被称为东方最古老的艺术形式。固定短语：be known as“作为……而著称”。这里在叙述一个客观事实，且主语是单数第三人称it。故填is known。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：书法在世界范围内产生了广泛的影响，甚至被引入到许多邻国。根据many后面跟名词复数，可知这里用country的复数形式。故填countries。 5. 考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：练习书法不仅需要四宝的基本工具，还需要专注于引导充满液体墨水的软毛笔，以及在纸上写字，因为墨水很快就会扩散。动词不定式作主语谓语动词用单数形式，且这里在讲述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态。故填requires。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：练习书法不仅需要四宝的基本工具，还需要专注于引导充满液体墨水的软毛笔，以及在纸上写字，因为墨水很快就会扩散。此处paper作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7. 考查名词。句意：一旦画笔运动犹豫，就会产生一个黑色的标记，因此速度、力量和敏捷性是优秀作品的精髓。分析句子结构，这里是并列的名词作主语，所给词strong是形容词，其名词是strength“力气，力量”。故填strength。 8. 考查反身代词。句意：许多书法家在书写时，会忘却一切烦恼，甚至忘乎所以，将一切思想融于艺术之美中。此处用反身代词作宾语，甚至忘了“自己”，故填themselves。 9. 考查介词。句意：书法就像一面镜子，是心灵的无声反映。介词like“像……一样”，故填like。 10. 考查副词。句意：虽然各种各样的现代方式已经取代了原来的书法，特别是用毛笔创作的书法，但人们仍然热爱这种古老的形式，并不懈地练习它。此处用副词修饰后面的整个句子。故填especially。 6 The price of travel can change a great deal throughout the year so try to be flexible with your travel dates and avoid ___1___(crowd) holiday seasons. It can be ___2___(cheap) if you book in advance. Before setting off, you’d better find out if you require any special visas or permits ___3___(travel) there. Think about currency as well. Will you be able to use your own money easily enough or will you need to take cash ___4___ you? Think about eating larger lunches and smaller evening meals to help make your spending money go further, because lunch is generally less expensive. You should keep sufficient identification with you at all times. It may also help to email a copy of your passport details to yourself. I strongly suggest your names on the suitcases___5___(write) clearly so they can be easily identified. ___6___ can be useful to store a copy of your schedule in ___7___ easily seen place in your suitcase so that the airline will know where to find you ___8___ your luggage gets ___9___ (lose). Be sure to pack the essential things in your hand luggage. If your ___10___(fly) is delayed, these can be difficult to obtain in an airport. 【答案】1. crowded 2. cheaper 3. to travel 4. with 5. (should) be written 6. It 7. an 8. if 9. lost 10. flight 【解析】 1. 考查形容词作定语。句意：一年中旅行的价格可能会有很大的变化，所以尽量灵活安排你的旅行日期，避免拥挤的假期。形容词修饰名词holiday seasons，crowd的形容词是crowded,意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 2. 考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你提前预订，会便宜一些。根据book in advance可知，提前预定会更便宜。故填cheaper。 3. 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：出发前，你最好弄清楚去那里旅行是否需要特殊签证或许可。固定搭配：require sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to travel。 4. 考查介词。句意：你能轻松地使用自己的钱吗？还是需要随身携带现金？take sth. with sb.意为“随身携带”。故填with。 5. 考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：我强烈建议把你们的名字写清楚，以便于辨认。suggest作“建议”讲时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形，其中should可以省略。该句中从句的主语your names和write之间是被动关系，所以此处是含情态动词的被动语态。故填(should) be written。 6. 考查it的用法。句意：在你的行李箱中一个容易看到的地方存放一份你的日程安排副本是很有用的，这样如果你的行李丢失了，航空公司就会知道在哪里找到你。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 7. 考查不定冠词。句意：在你的行李箱中一个容易看到的地方存放一份你的日程安排副本是很有用的，这样如果你的行李丢失了，航空公司就会知道在哪里找到你。空后的place是单数可数名词，此处指“一个容易被看见的地方”，表“泛指”，用不定冠词，且easily以元音音素开头。故填an。 8. 考查连词。句意：在你的行李箱中一个容易看到的地方存放一份你的日程安排副本是很有用的，这样如果你的行李丢失了，航空公司就会知道在哪里找到你。设空处应该填一个从属连词，此处表示“条件”，是if引导的条件状语从句。故填if。 9. 考查过去分词。句意：在你的行李箱中一个容易看到的地方存放一份你的日程安排副本是很有用的，这样如果你的行李丢失了，航空公司就会知道在哪里找到你。此处get表示“变得”，是连系动词，后面用过去分词或形容词作表语。故填lost。 10. 考查名词。句意：如果你的航班延误,在机场很难得到。空前your是形容词性物主代词，后跟名词，fly的名词是flight。故填flight。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高二暑假作业——语法填空提分亮点之非谓语动词01 1. 动词不定式：1. 基本形式：to do(表示主动，并且一般表示将来)；一般式的被动式：to be done(表示被动，并且一般表示将来)；2. 完成式：to have done(表示主动和完成)；完成式的被动式：to have been done(表示被动和完成)；3. 进行式：to be doing(表示主动和进行)；4. 否定式：not to do 1. 不定式作状语 (1) 不定式用作目的状语是高考英语的一个高频考点，通常位于句首或句末，如果句子中的句意含有“为了……”的意思，原则上应填不定式。如： To make friends easily, you need to be friendly.(要容易地交到朋友，你就得表现得友善才行。) He got up from the sofa to fetch some drinks.(他从沙发上起身去拿些饮料。) (2) 在so...as to, enough to, only to, too...to等结构中，不定式作结果状语，其中only to do在句中作状语表示结果时，一般指“未料到的结果”。如： The rooms are all large enough to take a third bed.(这些房间都足够大，可以放得下一张额外的床。) He got to the airport hurriedly, only to be told that the plane had taken off.（他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知飞机已经起飞了。） (3)形容词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。常用的形容词有amazed, angry, anxious, delighted, disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, proud, ready, sorry, surpriused等。如：I’m more than happy to hear from you.(听到您的来信我非常高兴。) (4) 固定句型：主语+ be +形容词+不定式，其中不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，在形容词后作状语，常用的形容词有hard/ difficult/easy/cheap/expensive/ possible/impossible/pleasant/comfortable…。如： The chair is comfortable for us ______(sit) in. The question is difficult _____(answer). This cake is easy _____(make). The windows are almost impossible _____(open). (5)固定结构中作状语：aim to do, fail to do, be likely to do等。 He is tall enough to change the bulb without getting on a chair.(他个子高得足以不用爬上椅子就能更换灯泡了。) The old are more likely to catch cold than the young.(老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。) 【跟踪练习】 1. _____ (avoid) any delay , please phone your order direct. 2. She gave him some money _____(let) him leave at once. 3. You must know that pools are expensive _____(build). 4. She is impossible _____(talk) to when she’s angry. 5. Doctors failed _____(save) the girl’s life. 6. They are likely _____(become) angry with him. 2.不定式作定语：(1) the first (second...last) to do；(2) the way/chance/opportunity/desire/attempt等+ to do He was the first person _____(arrive). They had nothing _____(eat). She made a decision _____(quit) her job. 【跟踪练习】 1. He was the last person _____(ask) to speak. 2. I want to be the first man _____(beat) him. 3. He was the second _____(choose). 4. We don’t have enough paper ____(write) on. 3. 不定式作主语 不定式作主语，谓语动词要用单数；不定式作主语通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。常用句型有“It is/was + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do”“It takes/took (sb.) some time/money to do”“It is/was +名词词组+to do”等。 【跟踪练习】 1. It is not a good habit _____(stay) up too late. 2. It will takea whole day _____(reach) the top of the mountain on foot. 3. It’s necessary for the young _____(master) two foreign languages. 4. It' s very nice of you _____(help) me. 5. It' s impossible ____(get) there in time. 4. 不定式作宾语 (1)只能用不定式作宾语的动词：afford，arrange，ask，choose，decide，decline，demand，desire，determine，expect，help，hope，manage，offer，plan，prepare，promise，refuse，tend，want，wish, agree, beg, care(愿意), happen, strive(努力), struggle, threaten, wait等。 He refused _____(let) me use his dictionary. They managed _____(get) what they wanted. I had no choice but _____(wait). (2)“连接代词(副词)+不定式”作宾语：连接代词(副词)what, which, who, when, where, how及连词whether与不定式连用，相当于一个名词，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。如：I can’t decide what to choose.(我不能决定选择什么。) 【跟踪练习】 1. I want ____(watch) this movie at home. 2. Unfortunately, I didn’t manage ____(pass) the exam. 3. He offered _____(lend) me some money. 4. She decided _____(go) to Paris for her holiday. 5. Lily demanded _____(know) the truth. 6. It had no effect except _____(make) him angry. 7. Do you know _____ to start, 7:00 pm or 8:00 pm? 8. Alan showed me _____ to load the software. 5. 不定式作宾补 (1)不含to的不定式作宾补：let/see/hear/watch/make/have/notice/observe/feel/look at/listen to sb. do sth. ；help sb. (to) do sth. (变成被动语态时，要把to加上) (2)带to的不定式作宾补的动词：advise，allow，ask，bear，cause，desire，determine，encourage，expect，forbid，get，hate，help，invite，like，make，mean，need，order，permit，prefer，request，remind，teach，tell，want，warn，wish，beg，force，intend，love，persuade，require等。 【跟踪练习】 1. He encouraged me _____(apply) for the job. 2. The patient was warned not _____(eat) oily food after the operation. 3. Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made _____(cry) by his little sister. 4. Father will not allow us _____(play) on the street. 5. The sight of the clock reminded me _____(leave) at once. 6. I was told _____(wait) for him. 7. John was made _____(wash) the truck for a week as a punishment. 6. 不定式作表语：be动词后面用不定式作表语。主语是goal/desire/attempt/promise/idea等时，be后面通常用不定式作表语。如：My goal is to be admmitted to a key university.(我的目标是被一所重点大学录取。) 二. 现在分词：1. 基本形式：doing(表示主动和进行)；2. 被动式：being done(表示被动和进行)；3. 完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)；4. 完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成) 1.现在分词作状语 (1) 现在分词或短语作状语：现在分词作状语，表示谓语动词所发生的时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、结果等。 Don’t you sit there _____(do) nothing. _____(feel) tired, I went to bed early. _____(work) hard, you will succeed. _____(turn) around, she saw an ambulance. (2)“连词+现在分词”作状语：省略了相同的主语和be动词，相当于状语从句。 Be careful when _____(cross) the road. He fell asleep while _____(do) his homework. If _____(come) early, you will have a seat. Unless _____(buy) books, she seldom goes downtown. 常见的独立成分： compared with/to...“与……”；taking...into consideration“考虑到……”；generally speaking“一般地说”；frankly speaking“坦白地说”；judging from/by...“根据……来判断”；to tell you the truth“说实话”。如： _____(judge) from his accent, he is from Hong Kong. _____(tell) you the truth, I am a little tired. 【跟踪练习】 1. He went there _____ (ride) his bike. 2. _____ (love) others, you will be loved by others. 3. He died, _____ (leave) his wife and children nothing but great debt. 4. ______ (read) a book, she found some spelling mistakes. 5. When ______ (do) his homework, he heard the knocking at the door. 6. Though ______ (work) day and night, the man still couldn’t make enough money to pay off his debts. 2. 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语的特点：a. 表示动作正在进行；b. 表示它与逻辑主语之间为主动关系。 (1)单个的现在分词作定语：放在名词前面,修饰名词，相当于定语从句。 Take care of the _____ (cry) baby. He swam away from the _____ (sink) ship. (2)现在分词短语作定语：放在所修饰的名词后面，相当于定语从句。 I didn’t talk much to the man ___ (sit) next to me. The woman _____ (wash) the dishes is my aunt. We turned into the road ______ (lead) to the village. 【跟踪练习】 1. Who are those people _____ (wait) outside? 2. Keep quiet! Don’t wake up the _____ (sleep) boy. 3. The boy _____ (talk) to the teacher is my brother. 4. A man _____ (carry) a large parcel got out of the bus. 5. Anyone _____ (touch) that wire will get a shock. 3. 现在分词作补语 (1)feel/hear/notice/observe/see/watch...+sb. + doing；(2)catch/find/get/have/keep/leave/set...+ sb. + doing。现在分词作宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，转换为主语补足语。 I watch them _____ (play) volleyball on the playing ground. We saw the teacher _____(do) the experiment. The teacher caught him _____ (sleep) in class. My younger sister was heard _____ (sing) that song. He was found ______ (lie) on the floor. 【跟踪练习】 1. I looked up and noticed a snake _____ (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 2. I could feel the wind _____ (blow) on my face. 3. They use computers to keep the traffic _____ (run) smoothly. 4. His letter left me _____ (feel) pretty bad. 5. He was seen _____ (sit) in a café. 三. 动名词：1. 基本形式：doing(表示主动)；2. 被动式：being done(表示被动)；3. 完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)；4. 完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成) (1)动名词用于介词后作宾语 He was worried about _____ (lose) his job. I apologize for _____ (take) so long to reply. You can gain by _____ (watch) how she works. 【跟踪练习】 1. He left without _____ (pay) his bill. 2. I’m interested in _____ (collect) stamps. 3. What about _____ (play) basketball on Sunday afternoon? 4. Linda is good at _____ (sing). (2)动名词用于动词后作宾语 只能用动名词作宾语的动词：imagine, avoid, include, keep, represent, admit, allow, appreciate, consider, delay, deny, discuss, enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, mention, mind,miss, practise/practice, risk, stop, suggest, advise, excuse, permit等。如： Be quiet！He hasn’t finished _____ (speak). You must practise _____ (speak) English more. Your duties incude _____ (type) letters and answering the telephone. 【跟踪练习】 1. I keep _____ (tell) you, but you won’t listen! 2. I try to avoid _____ (go) shopping on Saturdays. 3. They may even risk _____ (lose) their homes. 4. I want to travel because I enjoy _____ (meet) people and _____(see) new places. 5. Hearing him come in she stopped ______ (cry). (3)动名词作定语：位于名词前，说明名词的用途或目的，相当于for短语。如：a walking stick相当于a stick for walking Notices in the _____ (wait) room requested that you neither smoke nor spit. The doctor told me not to take ______(sleep) pills. 【跟踪练习】 1. It was a luxury if you had a ______ (wash) machine in those days. 2. A _____(race) car is an extraordinary feat of engineering. 3. We need a new _____(work) nethod. 4. She trained five times a week at her local _____ (swim) pool. 四. 过去分词：1. 基本形式：done；2. 及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。 1. 过去分词作定语的特点：修饰名词，与名词之间是被动关系，表示被动；修饰名词，表示动作已完成。 (1)单个的过去分词作定语：放在名词前面，与名词之间是被动关系，相当于含被动语态的定语从句。 She is a _____(train) nurse. This part of the exam requires a _____(write) answer. (2)过去分词短语作定语：放在名词后面，与名词之间是被动关系，相当于含被动语态的定语从句。 He drove up the hill to the temple _____(hide) in the forest. The trees ______(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. 【跟踪练习】 1. The system _____(use) in this school is very successful. 2. Cars _____(park) illegally will be removed. 3. The paintings _____(steal) from the museum haven’t been found. 4. There are _____(fall) leaves on the ground in fall. 5. He has been a _____(change) man since his divorce. 2.过去分词作补语：动词+宾语+宾补(过去分词)，其中宾语和过去分词之间是被动关系，变成被动语态时，宾补转变成主语补足语。 We want the work _____(finish) by Saturday. The song was heard _____(sing) by her in English. 【跟踪练习】 1. I heard my name _____(call). 2. Everyone considerded it greatly _____(improve). 3. The fire is reported _____(control). 4. One of the glasses was found _____(break). 五. 高考真题体验 I. 组(动词不定式) 1. These sepals open on warm days _____(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.(2024新课标I卷) 2. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed _____(find) the connection between the two great writers.(2024新课标II卷) 3. Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend _____(catch) our attntion because of their large size and variety.(2024全国甲卷) 4. To eat one, you have to decide whether ___1__(bite) a small hole in it first releasing the stream and riskig a spill (溢出)，___2__ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. (2023新课标I卷) 5. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___1__(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their___2__(they) contents. (新课标I卷) 6. I don’t know _____ to thank him. (2022新高考II卷) 7. A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step _____(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. (2022全国甲卷) 8. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim _____(have) a low impact on the natural environment. (2021全国乙卷) 9. These days, it is not unusual for 10-to-12-year-olds to publishi their own websites or for second and third graders _____(begin) computer great classes. (2020新高考II卷) 10. They are easy _____(care) for and make great presents. (2020全国卷II) II. 组(现在分词) 1. ______(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”(2024新课标II卷) 2. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems grrdy, so I am always left _____(want) more next time.(2023新课标I卷) 3. ______(visit) severaltimes over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. (2023全国乙卷) 4. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years _____(record) everthing I discovered. (2023全国乙卷) 5. “There was once a town in the heart of American, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,”her fable begins, _____(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. (2023全国甲卷) 6. _____(cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. (2022新高考I卷) 7. Henry ran one hundred metres , jumped over a 1.2-metre fence , and held out his arms to catch the _____(fall) child. (2022新高考II卷) 8. ___1__ (strengthen) the connection with young people , the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___2__(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. (2022全国乙卷) 8. He flew 4,700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, _____(plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. (2022全国卷II) 9. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage , _____(think) it is food. III. 组(动名词) 1. The latest _____(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. (2024新课标I卷) 2. Minimize the impact of _____(visit) the place. (2021全国乙卷) 3. After _____(spend) some time looking at all the defensive eqiupment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action. (2021全国甲卷) 4. Visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine them living at a different time in history or _____(walk) through a rainforest. (2021新高考I卷) 5. They represent the earth _____(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. (2020全国卷II) IV. 组(过去分词)： 1. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___1__(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, ___2__(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. (2024新课标II卷) 2. Shanghai may be the _____(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace. (2023新课标I卷) 3. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _____(bulid) system of ring roads. (2023全国乙卷) 4. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ______(intend) for everyone. (2023全国甲卷) 5. It can help to build a community with a _____(share) future for mankind. (2022全国卷I) 6. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation _____(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. (2022全国甲卷) 7. They make great gifts and you see them many times _____(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. (2020全国卷II) 六. 优秀模拟试题之语法填空精选 1 Zwick could not hide her emotions when a kind-hearted stranger gave up his first-class plane seat for her and her sick daughter. Though she did not get to thank him properly on the plane, she ____1__(final) got her chance on social media after her post spread quickly online. Zwick was flying from Orlando to Philadelphia with her 11-month-old daughter Lucy ___2__ (early) this week. Since the baby suffered from lung disease, the two of them were travelling to a children's hospital in Philadelphia for__3___(treat). She was pushing a stroller (婴儿手推车), had ___4___ big bag on her arm and carried an oxygen machine for her daughter. As they ___5___ (settle) into their seats, however, Zwick was surprised to be approached by a flight attendant, ___6___ said that a man in first class wanted to switch seats with her. “Not able to hold back____7___(tear), I cried on the seat while my daughter Lucy laughed, “wrote Zwick.” I smiled and thanked you as we switched seats but didn't get to thank you properly. Thank you for ___8___ (care) about us and realizing that maybe things are not always easy. Thanks for intending ____9___ (show) a random act of kindness to us. ___10___ reminded me how much good there is in this world.” 2 The bicycle is ____1____ most popular means of transport in China. People ride it for various ____2____(purpose) such as going to and from school and work. Bicycles are very cheap and easy ____3____ (buy) in China. There are many advantages of riding a bicycle. Firstly, ____4___ (compare) with cars ___5___ are powered by gas, bicycles can do good to ____6____ (save) energy and reducing the air pollution. Taking up less space, a bicycle can also ____7____ (light) the traffic jams. Most importantly, people can keep ___8___ (health) by riding a bicycle regularly. ___9___my view, the future of the bicycle will be bright because some city governments have built special paths for bicycle riders and ____10____ (provide)“public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge. Bicycles will be popular again in China. 3 Are you interested in the popular shopping culture--Singles Day? I’d like to inform you ____1____ some information about it. There are ____2____ (vary) theories about the origin of Singles Day in China. One of the popular theories is ____3____ Singles Day originated from campus culture. In 1993, four senior students at Nanjing University came up with the idea of organizing activities on Nov 11 as a day for single people. Gradually ____4____ (accept) by society, this festival attracts more and more people. With the spread of media and online culture, Singles Day is now hugely popular. At present, Nov 11 is a shopping carnival. “Double 11” with the purpose of the online promotion ____5____ (hold) by Taobao (Tmall) on Nov 11, 2009. With the popularity of online shopping, the turnover (营业额) of “Double11” Shopping Festival reached 213.5 billion in 2018, rising ____6____ (steady), which is a delight to sellers. When shopping day meets Singles Day, what will people do? Perhaps, this special day makes no ____7____ (different) to those who are in their ____8____ (forty) or older ages, but young people are loyal consumers who will take risks of ____9____ (run) out of their money to purchase. It is the young consumers ____10____ have strong desire to buy that day. They like the discounts of the goods. 4 Beijing Opera is a traditional opera ____1____ a long history of over 200 years. It is developed from absorbing (吸收) many other dramatic (戏剧的) forms, mostly from the local drama “Huiban”, which is popular in south China during ____2____ eighteenth century. In 1790, four famous troupes (剧团) from Anhui Province came to Beijing to perform for the emperor, ____3____ was interested in local operas. After that, a new type came into being ____4____ (gradual), known as Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera features four major ____5____ (role) — Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou. It’s full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. The stories in it are very ____6____ (interest). Some of them are from history books, but most ____7____ (be) from famous novels. Beijing Opera is not only popular in China, ____8____ also has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all times, was the first ____9____ (introduce) Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese ____10____ (culture) traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera. 5 Calligraphy (书法), ___1___(consider) as one of the unique traditional Chinese arts, has a long history of about 1000 years. It is not only a tool of cultural communication ___2___an artistic treasure with shining and extraordinary beauty. As the representative of Chinese art, it ___3___ (know) as the most ancient artistic form in the eastern world. Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring ___4___(country). To practise calligraphy ___5___(require) the basic tools of four treasures of study as well as much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush charged with fluid ink, and writing on the paper ___6___ the ink will spread quickly. Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, ___7___(strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork. When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even ___8___ (they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art. Thus it also can shape and improve a person’s temper and promote well being. Calligraphy, ___9___ a mirror, is a silent reflection of the soul.Today, although various modern ways have been substituted for the original calligraphy, ___10___ (especial) which is created with a writing brush, people still love the ancient form and practise it untiringly. 6 The price of travel can change a great deal throughout the year so try to be flexible with your travel dates and avoid ___1___(crowd) holiday seasons. It can be ___2___(cheap) if you book in advance. Before setting off, you’d better find out if you require any special visas or permits ___3___(travel) there. Think about currency as well. Will you be able to use your own money easily enough or will you need to take cash ___4___ you? Think about eating larger lunches and smaller evening meals to help make your spending money go further, because lunch is generally less expensive. You should keep sufficient identification with you at all times. It may also help to email a copy of your passport details to yourself. I strongly suggest your names on the suitcases___5___(write) clearly so they can be easily identified. ___6___ can be useful to store a copy of your schedule in ___7___ easily seen place in your suitcase so that the airline will know where to find you ___8___ your luggage gets ___9___ (lose). Be sure to pack the essential things in your hand luggage. If your ___10___(fly) is delayed, these can be difficult to obtain in an airport. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$