Unit 1 Our World(知识清单)英语沪教版2020必修第一册

2025-10-30
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语沪教版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 Unit 1 Our world
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 上海市
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 158 KB
发布时间 2025-10-30
更新时间 2025-07-17
作者 88998899
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2025-07-17
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Unit 1 Our World 现在进行时的被动语态 构成 am/is/are + being + 过去分词。例如:A new road is being built in our city.(我们城市正在修建一条新道路。)其中“is being built”就是现在进行时的被动语态结构。 用法 ◦ 表示此刻正在进行的被动动作:The classroom is being cleaned by the students now.(现在学生们正在打扫教室 。)强调此时此刻教室正在被打扫。 ◦ 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作,但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生:Many tall buildings are being constructed in the downtown area these days.(这些天市中心有许多高楼正在建设中。)说明现阶段这一动作在持续进行,并非此刻正在建。 ◦ 与always, often, constantly等词连用,表示经常的被动行为,带有某种感情色彩:He is always being praised by the teacher.(他总是受到老师的表扬。)这里表达一种积极的感情色彩。 注意事项‌ ◦ 不可遗漏being:若漏掉being,就变成一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。如:The flowers are watered every day.(一般现在时的被动语态,表示通常的浇水行为 );The door is closed.(系表结构,表示门的状态是关着的 );而The flowers are being watered now.(现在进行时的被动语态,强调此刻正在浇水) ◦ 一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态, 常用一般现在时的被动语态:如:The book belongs to me.(这本书属于我 ,不用现在进行时的被动语态 );The house exists for many years.(房子存在很多年了,同样不用现在进行时的被动语态 ),但可以说The book is wanted by many students.(这本书被很多学生想要 ,一般现在时的被动语态 ) ◦ “be +under/ in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义:The problem is under discussion(=is being discussed)at the meeting.(这个问题正在会上讨论 );The machine is in use(=is being used)now.(这台机器正在被使用 ) “one of +复数名词”结构 ◦ 意义:表示“……之一” ,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:One of the students in our class is from America.(我们班其中一名学生来自美国。)这里“one of the students”作主语,谓语动词用is。 ◦ 修饰词:这个结构前可以有形容词最高级等修饰词 。如:This is one of the most interesting books I have ever read.(这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。) 单词 1. digital adj. 数字信息系统的;数码的 2. typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的 3. event n. 发生的事情;大事 4. onto prep. 向,朝 5. midnight n. 子夜,午夜 6. routine n. 常规,正常顺序 7. scene n. 场面;片段,镜头 8. earn v. 挣得,赚得 9. death n. 死亡 10. button n. 扣子;纽扣 11. unique adj. 独特的;唯一的 12. respond v. 反应 13. select v. 挑选,选择 14. organization n. 组织,机构 15. goal n. 目标 16. partner n. 搭档;同伴 17. improve v. 改进,改善 18. schedule n. 工作计划;日程安排 19. challenge n. 挑战 v. 向…发起挑战 20. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 短语 1. in all 总共 2. well off 富有的 3. be keen on 喜爱,对着迷 4. be ashamed of 为…感到羞愧 5. on behalf of 代表 6. refer to 描述;涉及 7. video clip 视频片段 8. time capsule 时间胶囊 9. hula hoop 呼啦圈 10. paper towel 厚纸巾 熟词生义 1. respect:常见义为“尊重”,在Unit 1中还有“方面”的意思。如:In this respect, he is right.(在这方面,他是对的。) 2. deliver:常见义为“递送”,还可表示“给予”。如:deliver a blow(给予一击)。 3. tip:常见义为“小费”,还可表示“指点,实用的提示”。如:Here are some tips for you.(这儿有一些建议给你。) 句型 1. It is typical of sb. to do … 某人总是做某事。如:It is typical of him to be late for class.(他总是上课迟到。) 2. The reason why … is that … ……的原因是……。如:The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn't study hard.(他考试不及格的原因是他学习不努力。) 3. At the same time, in other parts of the world, people are … 在同一时间,世界其他地方的人们正在……。如:At the same time, in other parts of the world, people are enjoying their holidays.(在同一时间,世界其他地方的人们正在享受他们的假期。) 4. One of + plural noun structure 表示某物或某人属于某一群体。如:Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in China.(北京是中国最美的城市之一。) 5. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……。如:There is no doubt that he is a talented student.(毫无疑问,他是一个有才华的学生。) 语法 本单元核心语法是现在进行时的被动语态。其结构为“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”,表示此刻正在进行的被动动作,或现阶段正在进行的被动动作,也可表示经常的被动行为(常和always, often, constantly等词连用,表达某种感情色彩)。如:The room is being cleaned now.(房间正在被打扫);Many new buildings are being built in the city these days.(这些天城市里正在建造许多新建筑)。 一、词汇清单 知识点1 digital adj. 数字信息系统的;数码的;数字式的 • 教材原句:Nowadays, digital technology is developing at a breathtaking speed.(如今,数字技术正以惊人的速度发展。) • 用法搭配:常作定语修饰名词,构成如digital camera(数码相机)、digital library(数字图书馆)、digital music(数字音乐 )等短语;也可用于固定搭配digital age(数字时代),强调与数字相关的特性。 • 写作佳句:In the digital age, e - commerce has become an indispensable part of our daily shopping.(在数字时代,电子商务已成为我们日常购物中不可或缺的一部分。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 1.__________products have revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. 2.Many museums now offer __________exhibitions that allow visitors to explore artifacts virtually. 3.The company is investing heavily in__________innovation to stay competitive. 知识点2 typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的;不出所料的;特有的 • 教材原句:It's typical of him to come up with creative ideas in class.(他在课堂上总是能想出有创意的点子。) • 用法搭配:常用于句型It is typical of sb. to do sth.(某人一贯做某事 );be typical of(是……的典型特征);也可修饰名词,如a typical teenager(一个典型的青少年)。 • 写作佳句:This painting is typical of the Renaissance style, with its realistic portrayal of human figures.(这幅画是文艺复兴风格的典型代表,对人物的描绘非常逼真。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 1.His________________response to difficulties is to face them bravely. 2.It's not _______________ of her to be so quiet today; she's usually very talkative. 3.This behavior is_______________ of a person with high moral standards. 知识点3 event n. 发生的事情;(尤指)重要的事情;大事 • 教材原句:The opening ceremony of the World Cup is a grand event that attracts football fans from all over the world.(世界杯开幕式是一场盛大的活动,吸引了来自世界各地的足球迷。) • 用法搭配:作可数名词,常见搭配有in the event of(万一;倘若),in any event(无论如何),at all events(无论如何);还用于a sports event(体育赛事),a cultural event(文化活动) 等短语。 • 写作佳句:The annual science and technology expo is an important event for showcasing the latest technological achievements.(一年一度的科技博览会是展示最新科技成果的重要活动。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ In the event (of) an emergency, please follow the instructions of the staff. ◦ At all (events), we should keep calm and find a solution to the problem. ◦ You should be well - prepared for any situation in any (event). 知识点4 onto prep. (与动词连用;表示朝某处或某位置运动) 向;朝 • 教材原句:The bird flew onto the branch and started singing.(鸟儿飞到树枝上,开始歌唱。) • 用法搭配:常与表示移动的动词搭配,如jump onto(跳到……上),climb onto(爬上……),throw onto(扔到……上),强调从一个位置移动到另一个表面上的动作 。 • 写作佳句:The child climbed onto the chair to reach the book on the high shelf.(孩子爬上椅子去够高架子上的书。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ He threw the ball (onto) the roof by accident. ◦ The cat jumped (onto) the table and knocked over a vase. ◦ She carefully placed the box (onto) the counter. 知识点5 midnight n. 子夜;午夜 • 教材原句:We often stay up until midnight during the holidays to enjoy the peaceful night.(假期里我们经常熬夜到午夜,享受宁静的夜晚。) • 用法搭配:常与介词at搭配,构成短语at midnight(在午夜);还可用于短语burn the midnight oil(开夜车;熬夜 )。 • 写作佳句:The city looks incredibly beautiful at midnight with all the lights shining brightly.(午夜时分,城市灯火辉煌,看起来美极了。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ I was suddenly woken up by a loud noise (at) midnight. ◦ Students should avoid burning the midnight (oil) too often, as it's bad for their health. ◦ He didn't return home until (midnight) because of the overtime work. 知识点6 routine n. 常规;正常顺序;adj. 常规的;日常的 • 教材原句:Following a regular daily routine is beneficial to our physical and mental health.(遵循规律的日常生活习惯对我们的身心健康有益。) • 用法搭配:作名词时,常与动词establish(建立),follow(遵循),break(打破)等搭配 ,如establish a routine(建立常规);作形容词时,可修饰名词,如routine work(日常工作)。 • 写作佳句:Once you establish a good study routine, your learning efficiency will be greatly improved.(一旦你建立了良好的学习习惯,你的学习效率将大大提高。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ We should stick to our daily (routine) to keep a sense of order in life. ◦ She found her new job to be mostly (routine) tasks, which made her feel a bit bored. ◦ It's hard for him to break the (routine) he has been used to for years. 知识点7 scene n. 场面;片段;镜头 • 教材原句:The opening scene of the movie is very impressive and attracts the audience's attention immediately.(这部电影的开场镜头非常令人印象深刻,立刻吸引了观众的注意力。) • 用法搭配:常与介词in搭配,in the scene(在这个场景中);还可用于短语the scene of(……的场景) ,如the scene of the crime(犯罪现场);a beautiful scene(美丽的场景)。 • 写作佳句:The sunset by the beach creates a romantic scene that many couples enjoy.(海滩上的日落营造出一个浪漫的场景,许多情侣都很喜欢。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ The film showed some violent (scenes) that were not suitable for children. ◦ In this (scene), the main character finally realizes his true feelings. ◦ The description of the (scene) in the novel makes the readers feel as if they were on the spot. 知识点8 earn v. 挣得;赚得;挣钱 • 教材原句:He works hard to earn enough money to support his family.(他努力工作以挣足够的钱来养家糊口。) • 用法搭配:常见搭配有earn money(挣钱);earn one's living(谋生);earn a reputation(赢得声誉);earn respect(赢得尊重) 等。 • 写作佳句:She hopes to earn a high salary through her hard work and professional skills.(她希望通过努力工作和专业技能获得高薪。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ He has been trying his best (to earn) a living in this big city. ◦ She (earns) a good reputation for her excellent service in the hotel. ◦ The young man dreams of (earning) a lot of money to buy his own house. 知识点9 death n. 死亡;死 • 教材原句:The death of his beloved pet made him very sad.(他心爱的宠物的死亡让他非常难过。) • 用法搭配:常与介词of搭配,构成短语the death of(……的死亡);还可用于短语put to death(处死);meet one's death(死去) 。 • 写作佳句:The sudden death of the famous scientist shocked the whole scientific community.(这位著名科学家的突然离世震惊了整个科学界。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ His father's (death) was a great blow to him and changed his life completely. ◦ The criminal was finally put to (death) for his serious crimes. ◦ The news of her grandfather's (death) made her burst into tears. 知识点10 button n. 扣子;纽扣;v. 扣上;用纽扣扣住 • 教材原句:He fastened the buttons of his coat tightly in the cold wind.(在寒风中,他紧紧地扣上了外套的纽扣。) • 用法搭配:作名词时,常与动词fasten(扣紧),unfasten(解开),do up(扣上),undo(解开)等搭配 ,如do up the buttons(扣上纽扣);作动词时,常见搭配为button up(扣上纽扣) 。 • 写作佳句:She carefully buttoned up her shirt before going out.(出门前,她仔细地扣上了衬衫的纽扣。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ One of the (buttons) on my shirt is missing, so I need to sew a new one. ◦ He quickly (buttoned) up his jacket when he saw his teacher coming. ◦ She always has trouble (buttoning) the small buttons on her dress. 二、语法清单 【感知·语法规律】 1.I am reading an interesting book at the moment.(我此刻正在读一本有趣的书。) 2.Look! The students are playing basketball on the playground.(看!学生们正在操场上打篮球。) 3.She is always complaining about the noise in the neighborhood.(她总是在抱怨小区里的噪音。) 4.At the same time, in other parts of the city, people are going about their daily lives as usual.(与此同时,在城市的其他地方,人们像往常一样过着他们的日常生活。) 5.The children are making a lot of noise in the classroom.(孩子们正在教室里制造很多噪音。) 【精讲·语法知识】 构成:am/is/are + 动词的现在分词(v - ing) 。其中,am用于第一人称单数I;is用于第三人称单数he/she/it等;are用于第二人称you以及复数主语。 用法: 表示现在正在进行的动作:强调说话时动作正在发生,常与now, at the moment, right now等时间状语连用,如例句1、2 。 表示现阶段正在进行的动作:虽然此刻动作不一定正在发生,但在现阶段这段时间内一直在进行,例如:These days, we are preparing for the coming exam.(这些天,我们一直在为即将到来的考试做准备。) 与always, constantly, forever等词连用,表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,往往带有赞扬、厌恶、不满等感情色彩 ,如例句3。 用于描述在同一时间不同地方的人们的行为或情况 ,如例句4。 【经典练】  1.Listen! Someone ______ (sing) in the next room. 2.Look at the picture. The birds ______ (fly) in the sky. 3.My mother ______ (cook) dinner now, and the smell is so good. 4.They ______ (not do) their homework at the moment. They are watching TV. 5.It's 7:00 in the morning. Mr. Smith ______ (have) breakfast with his family. 6.What ______ you ______ (do) these days? 7.The workers ______ (build) a new bridge over the river now. 8.She ______ always ______ (ask) me strange questions. 9.I can't go out with you because I ______ (write) a letter to my friend. 10.At the same time, some students ______ (read) in the library while others are playing outside. 三、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 1. 明确写作目的与对象:动笔前先确定写作目的,是描述、议论还是书信交流等 。比如写关于校园生活的文章,若对象是国际友人,语言要通俗易懂,多解释文化差异相关内容;若是老师布置的作业,重点突出知识运用与逻辑结构。 2. 构建清晰的框架:开头引入主题,吸引读者兴趣;中间展开内容,运用举例、对比等方法阐述观点;结尾总结全文,升华主题或提出建议。如写“学校的变化”,开头可描述初入学校的印象,中间列举校园设施、课程等方面变化,结尾表达对学校未来的期待。 3. 巧用连接词与过渡语:像“firstly, secondly, moreover, however, in addition”等,能使文章层次分明、逻辑连贯。例如:“Firstly, our school has built a new library. Moreover, the variety of books in it has greatly increased.” 4. 丰富语言表达:避免重复用词,使用同义词、近义词替换 。比如描述“好”,除了“good”,还可用“excellent, wonderful, fantastic”等;灵活运用多种句式,如定语从句、状语从句、强调句等,增强文章的节奏感与表现力。例如:“The teacher who is patient and knowledgeable always encourages us to think independently.” 【积累·写作素材】 1. 词汇: ◦ 校园设施:teaching building(教学楼),library(图书馆),laboratory(实验室),playground(操场),cafeteria(食堂) ◦ 课程:mathematics(数学),physics(物理),chemistry(化学),biology(生物),history(历史),geography(地理),English literature(英国文学) ◦ 活动:sports meeting(运动会),English speech contest(英语演讲比赛),art exhibition(艺术展览),volunteer activities(志愿者活动),club activities(社团活动) 2. 短语: ◦ take part in(参加),participate in(参与),be interested in(对……感兴趣),be fond of(喜欢),make friends with(与……交朋友),get along well with(与……相处融洽),have a good time(玩得开心),improve one's ability(提高某人的能力),broaden one's horizons(拓宽某人的视野) 3. 句式: ◦ There be句型:There are various clubs in our school, such as the music club, the chess club and the reading club.(我们学校有各种各样的社团,如音乐社团、象棋社团和阅读社团。) ◦ It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.:It is important for us to develop good study habits.(对我们来说养成良好的学习习惯很重要。) ◦ Not only... but also...:Our school not only provides us with good learning facilities but also offers us rich extracurricular activities.(我们学校不仅为我们提供了良好的学习设施,还为我们提供了丰富的课外活动。) 【示例·分步写作】 题目:假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Tom对中国高中校园生活感兴趣,请你给他写一封电子邮件,介绍你在学校的学习和生活情况。 1 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Our World 现在进行时的被动语态 构成 am/is/are + being + 过去分词。例如:A new road is being built in our city.(我们城市正在修建一条新道路。)其中“is being built”就是现在进行时的被动语态结构。 用法 ◦ 表示此刻正在进行的被动动作:The classroom is being cleaned by the students now.(现在学生们正在打扫教室 。)强调此时此刻教室正在被打扫。 ◦ 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作,但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生:Many tall buildings are being constructed in the downtown area these days.(这些天市中心有许多高楼正在建设中。)说明现阶段这一动作在持续进行,并非此刻正在建。 ◦ 与always, often, constantly等词连用,表示经常的被动行为,带有某种感情色彩:He is always being praised by the teacher.(他总是受到老师的表扬。)这里表达一种积极的感情色彩。 注意事项‌ ◦ 不可遗漏being:若漏掉being,就变成一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。如:The flowers are watered every day.(一般现在时的被动语态,表示通常的浇水行为 );The door is closed.(系表结构,表示门的状态是关着的 );而The flowers are being watered now.(现在进行时的被动语态,强调此刻正在浇水) ◦ 一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态, 常用一般现在时的被动语态:如:The book belongs to me.(这本书属于我 ,不用现在进行时的被动语态 );The house exists for many years.(房子存在很多年了,同样不用现在进行时的被动语态 ),但可以说The book is wanted by many students.(这本书被很多学生想要 ,一般现在时的被动语态 ) ◦ “be +under/ in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义:The problem is under discussion(=is being discussed)at the meeting.(这个问题正在会上讨论 );The machine is in use(=is being used)now.(这台机器正在被使用 ) “one of +复数名词”结构 ◦ 意义:表示“……之一” ,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:One of the students in our class is from America.(我们班其中一名学生来自美国。)这里“one of the students”作主语,谓语动词用is。 ◦ 修饰词:这个结构前可以有形容词最高级等修饰词 。如:This is one of the most interesting books I have ever read.(这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。) 单词 1. digital adj. 数字信息系统的;数码的 2. typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的 3. event n. 发生的事情;大事 4. onto prep. 向,朝 5. midnight n. 子夜,午夜 6. routine n. 常规,正常顺序 7. scene n. 场面;片段,镜头 8. earn v. 挣得,赚得 9. death n. 死亡 10. button n. 扣子;纽扣 11. unique adj. 独特的;唯一的 12. respond v. 反应 13. select v. 挑选,选择 14. organization n. 组织,机构 15. goal n. 目标 16. partner n. 搭档;同伴 17. improve v. 改进,改善 18. schedule n. 工作计划;日程安排 19. challenge n. 挑战 v. 向…发起挑战 20. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 短语 1. in all 总共 2. well off 富有的 3. be keen on 喜爱,对着迷 4. be ashamed of 为…感到羞愧 5. on behalf of 代表 6. refer to 描述;涉及 7. video clip 视频片段 8. time capsule 时间胶囊 9. hula hoop 呼啦圈 10. paper towel 厚纸巾 熟词生义 1. respect:常见义为“尊重”,在Unit 1中还有“方面”的意思。如:In this respect, he is right.(在这方面,他是对的。) 2. deliver:常见义为“递送”,还可表示“给予”。如:deliver a blow(给予一击)。 3. tip:常见义为“小费”,还可表示“指点,实用的提示”。如:Here are some tips for you.(这儿有一些建议给你。) 句型 1. It is typical of sb. to do … 某人总是做某事。如:It is typical of him to be late for class.(他总是上课迟到。) 2. The reason why … is that … ……的原因是……。如:The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn't study hard.(他考试不及格的原因是他学习不努力。) 3. At the same time, in other parts of the world, people are … 在同一时间,世界其他地方的人们正在……。如:At the same time, in other parts of the world, people are enjoying their holidays.(在同一时间,世界其他地方的人们正在享受他们的假期。) 4. One of + plural noun structure 表示某物或某人属于某一群体。如:Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in China.(北京是中国最美的城市之一。) 5. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……。如:There is no doubt that he is a talented student.(毫无疑问,他是一个有才华的学生。) 语法 本单元核心语法是现在进行时的被动语态。其结构为“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”,表示此刻正在进行的被动动作,或现阶段正在进行的被动动作,也可表示经常的被动行为(常和always, often, constantly等词连用,表达某种感情色彩)。如:The room is being cleaned now.(房间正在被打扫);Many new buildings are being built in the city these days.(这些天城市里正在建造许多新建筑)。 一、词汇清单 知识点1 digital adj. 数字信息系统的;数码的;数字式的 • 教材原句:Nowadays, digital technology is developing at a breathtaking speed.(如今,数字技术正以惊人的速度发展。) • 用法搭配:常作定语修饰名词,构成如digital camera(数码相机)、digital library(数字图书馆)、digital music(数字音乐 )等短语;也可用于固定搭配digital age(数字时代),强调与数字相关的特性。 • 写作佳句:In the digital age, e - commerce has become an indispensable part of our daily shopping.(在数字时代,电子商务已成为我们日常购物中不可或缺的一部分。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 1.__________products have revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. 答案:Digital 。解析:此处需要用形容词修饰名词products,digital表示“数码的” ,所以填Digital。) 2.Many museums now offer __________exhibitions that allow visitors to explore artifacts virtually. 答案:digital 。解析:修饰名词exhibitions,要用形容词digital,意为“数字的” ,指数字展览。 ) 3.The company is investing heavily in__________innovation to stay competitive. 答案:digital 。解析:修饰名词innovation,用形容词digital,digital innovation表示“数字创新” 。) 知识点2 typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的;不出所料的;特有的 • 教材原句:It's typical of him to come up with creative ideas in class.(他在课堂上总是能想出有创意的点子。) • 用法搭配:常用于句型It is typical of sb. to do sth.(某人一贯做某事 );be typical of(是……的典型特征);也可修饰名词,如a typical teenager(一个典型的青少年)。 • 写作佳句:This painting is typical of the Renaissance style, with its realistic portrayal of human figures.(这幅画是文艺复兴风格的典型代表,对人物的描绘非常逼真。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 1.His________________response to difficulties is to face them bravely. 答案:typical 。解析:修饰名词response,用形容词typical,意为“典型的” ,表示他对困难的典型反应。 ) 2.It's not _______________ of her to be so quiet today; she's usually very talkative. 答案:typical 。解析:It's not typical of sb. to do sth. 表示“某人通常不这样做”,故填typical。 ) 3.This behavior is_______________ of a person with high moral standards. 答案:typical 。解析:be typical of为固定搭配,这里表示这种行为是道德标准高的人的典型行为,所以填typical。 ) 知识点3 event n. 发生的事情;(尤指)重要的事情;大事 • 教材原句:The opening ceremony of the World Cup is a grand event that attracts football fans from all over the world.(世界杯开幕式是一场盛大的活动,吸引了来自世界各地的足球迷。) • 用法搭配:作可数名词,常见搭配有in the event of(万一;倘若),in any event(无论如何),at all events(无论如何);还用于a sports event(体育赛事),a cultural event(文化活动) 等短语。 • 写作佳句:The annual science and technology expo is an important event for showcasing the latest technological achievements.(一年一度的科技博览会是展示最新科技成果的重要活动。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ In the event (of) an emergency, please follow the instructions of the staff. 答案:of 。解析:in the event of是固定短语,表示“万一;倘若” ,所以填of。) ◦ At all (events), we should keep calm and find a solution to the problem. 答案:events 。解析:at all events为固定搭配,意为“无论如何” ,event要用复数形式,故填events。 ) ◦ You should be well - prepared for any situation in any (event). 答案:event 。解析:in any event为固定短语,“不管怎样;无论如何” ,event用单数形式,因此填event。 ) 知识点4 onto prep. (与动词连用;表示朝某处或某位置运动) 向;朝 • 教材原句:The bird flew onto the branch and started singing.(鸟儿飞到树枝上,开始歌唱。) • 用法搭配:常与表示移动的动词搭配,如jump onto(跳到……上),climb onto(爬上……),throw onto(扔到……上),强调从一个位置移动到另一个表面上的动作 。 • 写作佳句:The child climbed onto the chair to reach the book on the high shelf.(孩子爬上椅子去够高架子上的书。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ He threw the ball (onto) the roof by accident. 答案:onto 。解析:throw onto表示“扔到……上” ,onto体现了球从一个位置被扔到屋顶这个表面上的动作,所以填onto。 ) ◦ The cat jumped (onto) the table and knocked over a vase. 答案:onto 。解析:jump onto是固定搭配,“跳到……上” ,描述猫跳到桌子上这个动作,故填onto。 ) ◦ She carefully placed the box (onto) the counter. 答案:onto 。解析:place onto表示“把……放置到……上” ,onto强调放置的方向和结果,即放到柜台上,因此填onto。 ) 知识点5 midnight n. 子夜;午夜 • 教材原句:We often stay up until midnight during the holidays to enjoy the peaceful night.(假期里我们经常熬夜到午夜,享受宁静的夜晚。) • 用法搭配:常与介词at搭配,构成短语at midnight(在午夜);还可用于短语burn the midnight oil(开夜车;熬夜 )。 • 写作佳句:The city looks incredibly beautiful at midnight with all the lights shining brightly.(午夜时分,城市灯火辉煌,看起来美极了。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ I was suddenly woken up by a loud noise (at) midnight. 答案:at 。解析:at midnight为固定短语,表示“在午夜” ,所以填at。 ) ◦ Students should avoid burning the midnight (oil) too often, as it's bad for their health. 答案:oil 。解析:burn the midnight oil是固定搭配,“开夜车;熬夜” ,因此填oil。 ) ◦ He didn't return home until (midnight) because of the overtime work. 答案:midnight 。解析:until midnight表示“直到午夜” ,midnight在这里作时间状语,故填midnight。 ) 知识点6 routine n. 常规;正常顺序;adj. 常规的;日常的 • 教材原句:Following a regular daily routine is beneficial to our physical and mental health.(遵循规律的日常生活习惯对我们的身心健康有益。) • 用法搭配:作名词时,常与动词establish(建立),follow(遵循),break(打破)等搭配 ,如establish a routine(建立常规);作形容词时,可修饰名词,如routine work(日常工作)。 • 写作佳句:Once you establish a good study routine, your learning efficiency will be greatly improved.(一旦你建立了良好的学习习惯,你的学习效率将大大提高。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ We should stick to our daily (routine) to keep a sense of order in life. 答案:routine 。解析:daily是形容词,修饰名词,这里指日常常规,故填routine。 ) ◦ She found her new job to be mostly (routine) tasks, which made her feel a bit bored. 答案:routine 。解析:修饰名词tasks,用形容词routine,表示“常规的” ,日常工作大多是常规任务,所以填routine。 ) ◦ It's hard for him to break the (routine) he has been used to for years. 答案:routine 。解析:break the routine为固定短语,“打破常规” ,这里特指他多年来习惯的常规,因此填routine。 ) 知识点7 scene n. 场面;片段;镜头 • 教材原句:The opening scene of the movie is very impressive and attracts the audience's attention immediately.(这部电影的开场镜头非常令人印象深刻,立刻吸引了观众的注意力。) • 用法搭配:常与介词in搭配,in the scene(在这个场景中);还可用于短语the scene of(……的场景) ,如the scene of the crime(犯罪现场);a beautiful scene(美丽的场景)。 • 写作佳句:The sunset by the beach creates a romantic scene that many couples enjoy.(海滩上的日落营造出一个浪漫的场景,许多情侣都很喜欢。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ The film showed some violent (scenes) that were not suitable for children. 答案:scenes 。解析:some后面接可数名词复数,scene表示“场景,镜头” 时是可数名词,所以填scenes。 ) ◦ In this (scene), the main character finally realizes his true feelings. 答案:scene 。解析:this修饰可数名词单数,in this scene表示“在这个场景中” ,故填scene。 ) ◦ The description of the (scene) in the novel makes the readers feel as if they were on the spot. 答案:scene 。解析:the后面接名词,这里指小说中场景的描述,所以填scene。 ) 知识点8 earn v. 挣得;赚得;挣钱 • 教材原句:He works hard to earn enough money to support his family.(他努力工作以挣足够的钱来养家糊口。) • 用法搭配:常见搭配有earn money(挣钱);earn one's living(谋生);earn a reputation(赢得声誉);earn respect(赢得尊重) 等。 • 写作佳句:She hopes to earn a high salary through her hard work and professional skills.(她希望通过努力工作和专业技能获得高薪。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ He has been trying his best (to earn) a living in this big city. 答案:to earn 。解析:try one's best to do sth.是固定短语,“尽力做某事” ,这里表示尽力谋生,所以填to earn。 ) ◦ She (earns) a good reputation for her excellent service in the hotel. 答案:earns 。解析:句子主语是She,一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,earn a reputation表示“赢得声誉” ,故填earns。 ◦ The young man dreams of (earning) a lot of money to buy his own house. 答案:earning 。解析:of是介词,后面接动词 - ing形式,dream of doing sth.表示“梦想做某事” ,所以填earning。 ) 知识点9 death n. 死亡;死 • 教材原句:The death of his beloved pet made him very sad.(他心爱的宠物的死亡让他非常难过。) • 用法搭配:常与介词of搭配,构成短语the death of(……的死亡);还可用于短语put to death(处死);meet one's death(死去) 。 • 写作佳句:The sudden death of the famous scientist shocked the whole scientific community.(这位著名科学家的突然离世震惊了整个科学界。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ His father's (death) was a great blow to him and changed his life completely. 答案:death 。解析:father's是名词所有格,后面接名词,这里指他父亲的死亡,所以填death。 ) ◦ The criminal was finally put to (death) for his serious crimes. 答案:death 。解析:put to death是固定短语,“处死” ,因此填death。 ) ◦ The news of her grandfather's (death) made her burst into tears. 答案:death 。解析:of后面接名词,the news of one's death表示“某人死亡的消息” ,所以填death。 ) 知识点10 button n. 扣子;纽扣;v. 扣上;用纽扣扣住 • 教材原句:He fastened the buttons of his coat tightly in the cold wind.(在寒风中,他紧紧地扣上了外套的纽扣。) • 用法搭配:作名词时,常与动词fasten(扣紧),unfasten(解开),do up(扣上),undo(解开)等搭配 ,如do up the buttons(扣上纽扣);作动词时,常见搭配为button up(扣上纽扣) 。 • 写作佳句:She carefully buttoned up her shirt before going out.(出门前,她仔细地扣上了衬衫的纽扣。) 【经典练】单句语法填空 ◦ One of the (buttons) on my shirt is missing, so I need to sew a new one. 答案:buttons 。解析:one of后面接可数名词复数,表示“……之一” ,button是可数名词,所以填buttons。 ) ◦ He quickly (buttoned) up his jacket when he saw his teacher coming. 答案:buttoned 。解析:句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,button up表示“扣上” ,所以填buttoned。 ) ◦ She always has trouble (buttoning) the small buttons on her dress. 答案:buttoning 。解析:have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定短语,“做某事有困难” ,所以填buttoning。 ) 二、语法清单 【感知·语法规律】 1.I am reading an interesting book at the moment.(我此刻正在读一本有趣的书。) 2.Look! The students are playing basketball on the playground.(看!学生们正在操场上打篮球。) 3.She is always complaining about the noise in the neighborhood.(她总是在抱怨小区里的噪音。) 4.At the same time, in other parts of the city, people are going about their daily lives as usual.(与此同时,在城市的其他地方,人们像往常一样过着他们的日常生活。) 5.The children are making a lot of noise in the classroom.(孩子们正在教室里制造很多噪音。) 【精讲·语法知识】 构成:am/is/are + 动词的现在分词(v - ing) 。其中,am用于第一人称单数I;is用于第三人称单数he/she/it等;are用于第二人称you以及复数主语。 用法: 表示现在正在进行的动作:强调说话时动作正在发生,常与now, at the moment, right now等时间状语连用,如例句1、2 。 表示现阶段正在进行的动作:虽然此刻动作不一定正在发生,但在现阶段这段时间内一直在进行,例如:These days, we are preparing for the coming exam.(这些天,我们一直在为即将到来的考试做准备。) 与always, constantly, forever等词连用,表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,往往带有赞扬、厌恶、不满等感情色彩 ,如例句3。 用于描述在同一时间不同地方的人们的行为或情况 ,如例句4。 【经典练】  1.Listen! Someone ______ (sing) in the next room. 答案:is singing。解析:Listen!是现在进行时的标志词,someone作主语视为单数,所以用is singing。) 2.Look at the picture. The birds ______ (fly) in the sky. 答案:are flying。解析:Look at...提示用现在进行时,birds是复数,be动词用are,故填are flying。 ) 3.My mother ______ (cook) dinner now, and the smell is so good. 答案:is cooking。解析:now表明动作正在进行,mother是第三人称单数,所以用is cooking。 ) 4.They ______ (not do) their homework at the moment. They are watching TV. 答案:aren't doing。解析:at the moment表示此刻,用现在进行时,主语是they,否定形式是aren't doing。 ) 5.It's 7:00 in the morning. Mr. Smith ______ (have) breakfast with his family. 答案:is having。解析:具体时间点It's 7:00 in the morning表明是现在进行时,Mr. Smith是第三人称单数,用is having。 ) 6.What ______ you ______ (do) these days? 答案:are; doing。解析:these days表示现阶段,用现在进行时,主语是you,疑问句将are提前,后接动词现在分词doing。 ) 7.The workers ______ (build) a new bridge over the river now. 答案:are building。解析:now是现在进行时标志,workers是复数,所以用are building。 ) 8.She ______ always ______ (ask) me strange questions. 答案:is; asking。解析:always与现在进行时连用表示反复的动作,带有一定感情色彩,she是第三人称单数,用is asking。 ) 9.I can't go out with you because I ______ (write) a letter to my friend. 答案:am writing。解析:根据语境,不能出去的原因是此刻正在写信,用现在进行时,I用am writing。 ) 10.At the same time, some students ______ (read) in the library while others are playing outside. 答案:are reading。解析:while连接两个并列的现在进行时句子,根据后面的are playing可知前面也用现在进行时,students是复数,填are reading。 ) 三、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 1. 明确写作目的与对象:动笔前先确定写作目的,是描述、议论还是书信交流等 。比如写关于校园生活的文章,若对象是国际友人,语言要通俗易懂,多解释文化差异相关内容;若是老师布置的作业,重点突出知识运用与逻辑结构。 2. 构建清晰的框架:开头引入主题,吸引读者兴趣;中间展开内容,运用举例、对比等方法阐述观点;结尾总结全文,升华主题或提出建议。如写“学校的变化”,开头可描述初入学校的印象,中间列举校园设施、课程等方面变化,结尾表达对学校未来的期待。 3. 巧用连接词与过渡语:像“firstly, secondly, moreover, however, in addition”等,能使文章层次分明、逻辑连贯。例如:“Firstly, our school has built a new library. Moreover, the variety of books in it has greatly increased.” 4. 丰富语言表达:避免重复用词,使用同义词、近义词替换 。比如描述“好”,除了“good”,还可用“excellent, wonderful, fantastic”等;灵活运用多种句式,如定语从句、状语从句、强调句等,增强文章的节奏感与表现力。例如:“The teacher who is patient and knowledgeable always encourages us to think independently.” 【积累·写作素材】 1. 词汇: ◦ 校园设施:teaching building(教学楼),library(图书馆),laboratory(实验室),playground(操场),cafeteria(食堂) ◦ 课程:mathematics(数学),physics(物理),chemistry(化学),biology(生物),history(历史),geography(地理),English literature(英国文学) ◦ 活动:sports meeting(运动会),English speech contest(英语演讲比赛),art exhibition(艺术展览),volunteer activities(志愿者活动),club activities(社团活动) 2. 短语: ◦ take part in(参加),participate in(参与),be interested in(对……感兴趣),be fond of(喜欢),make friends with(与……交朋友),get along well with(与……相处融洽),have a good time(玩得开心),improve one's ability(提高某人的能力),broaden one's horizons(拓宽某人的视野) 3. 句式: ◦ There be句型:There are various clubs in our school, such as the music club, the chess club and the reading club.(我们学校有各种各样的社团,如音乐社团、象棋社团和阅读社团。) ◦ It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.:It is important for us to develop good study habits.(对我们来说养成良好的学习习惯很重要。) ◦ Not only... but also...:Our school not only provides us with good learning facilities but also offers us rich extracurricular activities.(我们学校不仅为我们提供了良好的学习设施,还为我们提供了丰富的课外活动。) 【示例·分步写作】 题目:假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Tom对中国高中校园生活感兴趣,请你给他写一封电子邮件,介绍你在学校的学习和生活情况。 【答案】 写作详解: 1. 格式:采用电子邮件格式,开头称呼“Dear Tom” ,结尾署名“Best regards, Li Hua”。 2. 开头:表达收到来信的喜悦并引出主题。如“Dear Tom, I'm so glad to receive your letter. You said you were interested in my high school life in China, so I'm writing to share it with you.” 3. 中间: ◦ 学习方面:介绍课程,“We have a wide range of courses, including Chinese, mathematics, English, and some optional courses like art and music. Among them, I'm most interested in English, and I often participate in English corner activities to improve my oral English.” ◦ 校园生活:提及校园设施和活动,“Our school has a modern library where I can borrow various kinds of books. Besides, there are colorful club activities. I'm a member of the basketball club, and we often have matches with other classes. It's really exciting.” 4. 结尾:询问对方校园生活并期待回信。“How about your school life in the UK? I'm looking forward to hearing from you. Best regards, Li Hua” 1 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 1 Our World(知识清单)英语沪教版2020必修第一册
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Unit 1 Our World(知识清单)英语沪教版2020必修第一册
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Unit 1 Our World(知识清单)英语沪教版2020必修第一册
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