限时规范练(十五) 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（云南专版）

限时规范练(十五)　UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The far side of the moon is a strange and wild region，quite different from the familiar and mostly smooth face we see nightly from our planet.Soon this rough space will have even stranger features：it will be crowded with radio telescopes. Astronomers are planning to make the moon's distant side our newest and best window on the cosmic(宇宙的) dark ages，a mysterious era hiding early marks of stars and galaxies.Our universe was not always filled with stars.About 380，000 years after the big bang，the universe cooled，and the first atoms of hydrogen formed.Gigantic hydrogen clouds soon filled the universe.But for a few hundred million years，everything remained dark，without stars.Then came the cosmic dawn：the first stars flickered，galaxies came into existence and slowly the universe's large­scale structure took shape. The seeds of this structure must have been present in the dark­age hydrogen clouds，but the era has been impossible to probe using optical telescopes—there was no light.And although this hydrogen produced long­wavelength(or low­frequency) radio emissions，radio telescopes on Earth have found it nearly impossible to detect them.Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned out by humanity's radio noise. Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side.Now multiple space agencies plan lunar missions carrying radio­wave­detecting instruments—some within the next three years—and astronomers' dreams are set to become reality. “If_I_were_to_design_an_ideal_place_to_do_low­frequency_radio_astronomy，I_would have_to_build_the_moon，” says an astrophysicist from the University of Colorado Boulder.“We are just now finally getting to the place where we're actually going to be putting these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.” 1．What's the purpose of building radio telescopes on the moon? A．To research the big bang. B．To discover unknown stars. C．To study the cosmic dark ages. D．To observe the far side of the moon. 2．What does the underlined word “probe” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Explore. B．Evaluate. C．Produce. D．Predict. 3．Why can't low­frequency radio emissions be detected on Earth? A．Because there was no light in the dark ages. B.Because they cannot possibly get through our atmosphere. C．Because gigantic hydrogen clouds no longer fill the universe. D．Because radio signals on Earth cause too much interference. 4．What can we infer from the underlined part in the last paragraph? A．Scientists have to rebuild the moon. B.We will finally get to the moon's distant side. C．The moon is a perfect place to set up radio telescopes. D．A favourable research environment will be found on the moon. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们想要在月球背面建设射电望远镜，以此来探索宇宙的“黑暗时期”。 1．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，月球的背面很快将满是射电望远镜；而根据第四段中的“Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side.”可知，科学家们想在月球背面研究宇宙的“黑暗时期”。由此可以推断，建设射电望远镜的目的是研究宇宙的“黑暗时期”。故选C。 2．A　[解析]词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的there was no light解释了无法使用光学望远镜的原因。下文“And although this hydrogen ...impossible to detect them.”中的detect意为“探测”。前后对应，此处probe应表示“探测”，意思同explore。故选A。 3．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned out by humanity's radio noise.”可知，检测不到低频射电的原因是地球上的无线电信号造成了太多的干扰。故选D。 4．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side.”和最后一段中的“We are just now finally ...these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.”可推知，画线部分的意思是月球是建设射电望远镜的理想场所。故选C。 B As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress，depression and anxiety this past year，many turned to their favorite comfort foods：ice cream，pizza，hamburgers.But studies in recent years suggest that the high­sugar and high­fat foods when we are stressed or depressed，as comforting as they may seem，are the least likely to benefit our mental health.Instead，whole foods such as vegetables，fruit，fish，eggs，nuts may be a better bet. Historically，nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health，rather than our mental health，though.Over the years，large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group. Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise，sound sleep，a heart­healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation(发炎) and have benefits for the brain.Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients.Dr.Drew Ramsey，a clinical professor at the Columbia University，begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diets.He asks what they eat，learns their favorite foods，and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets，such as plants，seafood. Dr.Ramsey said he does not want people to think that the only factor involved in brain health is food.“Lots of people get their food exactly right，live very active lives，and still have significant troubles with their mental health，” he said.But he also teaches people that food can be empowering.“We can't control our genes，”he said.“But we can control how we eat，and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.” 5．What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on? A．How our diets affect our mental health. B．How our diets affect our physical health. C．How our mental health affects our diets. D．How our physical health affects our diets. 6．Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients? A．They try to cater to their patients' needs. B．They are questioning public health experts. C.They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets. D.They have accepted the findings of large population studies. 7．Which of the following might Dr.Ramsey agree with? A．Some connection exists between our diets and mental health. B．People can control their genes as well as how they eat. C．People living active lives will not have mental problems. D.Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression. 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort. B．The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health. C．Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health. D.Having a high­sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，人们所吃的食物会影响其心理健康，控制饮食的方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。 5．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Historically，nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health，rather than our mental health，though.”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食是如何影响我们的身体健康的。故选B。 6．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Over the years，large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.”可知，大规模样本研究结果显示，遵循地中海饮食模式的人会减轻抑郁症状，所以个别临床医生将营养纳入他们对患者的诊治工作中是因为他们接受了大规模样本研究的结果。故选D。 7．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But we can control how we eat，and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”可知，Ramsey博士认为控制饮食的方式可以让人们采取行动照顾自己的大脑健康，所以他同意的观点应该是饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A。 8．C　[解析]主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响其心理健康，控制饮食的方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 John Ogburn doesn't remember a single thing about Monday，June 26，2017.He doesn't remember collapsing to the floor at about 4：15 p．m.，his heart having gone completely，terrifyingly __1__． Bradley was just starting her __2__ at Panera when her brother told her someone had __3__ in the back of the restaurant.When they got to John，he was spread on the __4__．His face was dark purple.“It was the __5__ thing I've ever witnessed，” Bradley says.She dialed 911.It was 4：17 p．m. As __6__ would have it，Charlotte­Mecklenburg police officer Lawrence Guiler，who had been an EMT(内科急救专家)，was about 50 feet away.Guiler arrived at Panera __7__ and began CPR.Within 30 seconds，another __8__，Nikolina Bajic，rushed in.He was __9__ handling an accident nearby.A few minutes later，four Charlotte firefighters arrived，opened John's air­way，and filled him with an oxygen mask.They took turns performing CPR.They also used a defibrillator(除颤器) to try to __10__ his heart into restarting.It didn't. Around 4：30 p．m.，while John was receiving CPR from a total of eight first __11__，his cellphone started ringing.It was his wife.She was told John had gone into heart __12__． “It was terrifying，” she says.Someone informed her that John had received CPR for 38 minutes before they established a pulse.John was __13__ to the intensive care unit and treated in hopes of giving his body time to recover.Two days later—on his 36th birthday，in fact—he started to wake up. __14__，the only aftereffects were some short­term memory loss and an extremely sore chest from the 3，500 compressions(胸部按压).“Seeing that he made a full __15__，I can only explain that he really was a lucky dog，” Dr.Mel Laughlin says. 1．A.quiet B．calm C．aware D．panicky 2．A.share B．shift C．schedule D．strategy 3．A.passed away B．passed by C．passed out D．passed down 4．A.sofa B．counter C．bed D．carpet 5．A.scariest B．fanciest C．cruelest D．greediest 6．A.virtue B．expectation C．luck D．belief 7．A.on no condition B．in no time C．by no means D．under no circumstances 8．A.brother B．firefighter C．doctor D．police officer 9．A.deliberately B．coincidentally C．intentionally D．absent­mindedly 10．A.shock B．fix C．weaken D．strengthen 11．A.reporters B．representatives C．receptionists D．aiders 12．A.adaptation B．access C．attack D．accuracy 13．A.transmitted B．transplanted C．transported D．transformed 14．A.Astonishingly B．Amusingly C．Annoyingly D．Appealingly 15．A.reaction B．recovery C．realization D．recognition 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述John Ogburn在餐厅后面因心搏骤停晕倒，幸运的是救援及时赶到，他最终得救的故事。 1．A　[解析]结合上文his heart having gone completely可知，心脏停止跳动，处于静止状态。故选A。 2．B　[解析]根据下文in the back of the restaurant可知，Bradley刚来Panera餐厅轮班。故选B。 3．C　[解析]结合上文“He doesn't remember collapsing to the floor at about 4：15 p．m.”可知，有人晕倒了。故选C。 4．D　[解析]结合上文“He doesn't remember collapsing to the floor at about 4：15 p．m.”可知，John倒在了地毯上，D选项“地毯”更符合语境。故选D。 5．A　[解析]结合上文his heart having gone completely和“His face was dark purple.”可知，这种场景令人害怕。故选A。 6．C　[解析]结合下文“Charlotte­Mecklenburg police officer Lawrence Guiler，who had been an EMT，was about 50 feet away”可知，有人晕倒了，而一位内科急救专家在附近，这件事是非常幸运的。故选C。 7．B　[解析]结合常识可知，救人的事情刻不容缓，需要马上去做。故选B。 8．D　[解析]结合下文handling an accident nearby可知，Nikolina Bajic也是一名警察。故选D。 9．B　[解析]结合上文within 30 seconds可知，这名警察碰巧在附近处理事故，所以很快就赶到了现场。故选B。 10．A　[解析]结合上文used a defibrillator可知，使用除颤器的目的是电击心脏，使其恢复跳动。故选A。 11．D　[解析]结合上文“They took turns performing CPR.”可知，他们轮流对John进行心肺复苏，first aider意为“急救员”，符合题意。故选D。 12．C　[解析]结合上文his heart having gone completely可知，John的心脏停止跳动，他应该是心脏病发作，heart attack表示“心脏病发作”。故选C。 13．C　[解析]结合下文treated in hopes of giving his body time to recover可知，采取急救措施之后，病人被送往医院治疗。故选C。 14．A　[解析]结合上文his heart having gone completely和下文the only aftereffects were some short­term memory loss and an extremely sore chest from the 3，500 compressions可知，当时John病情严重，但最终留下的后遗症却很微小，这是令人惊讶的事情。故选A。 15．B　[解析]结合上文“Two days later—on his 36th birthday，in fact—he started to wake up.”以及上文提到的后遗症可知，John的病情有所好转，由此推断，此处表示“康复”。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$