Unit 2 Getting along 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 2 Getting along 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据汉语及首字母填空（共5分） 1．Don’t a (争吵) with your parents. They love you very much. You should understand them. 2．I am g (高兴) to see you again. 3．You can talk with other people who are o (在线的). 4．The forest can o (提供) food and water to animals. 5．The g (政府) encourages people to plant more trees. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（共10分） 1．The Greens live next to us. Our children go to the same school as (they). 2．The lights are still on. The Blacks (plan) what to take to the party tomorrow in the next room. 3．Have you heard any news from your daughter ? (recent) 4．When the father came home from work, he heard his wife (shout) at their son, Tom. 5．He wrote a few (article) on this topic and published them. 6．Jeff, here are two (message) for your father. 7．The jewelry is so (price) that you must keep it safe. 8．Do you know about Nanchang Street? It’s so (live). 9．Our teacher (divide) us into four groups to play a game last Friday. 10．Though they had a long discussion, they came to an (agree) at last. So they were pleased with the result. 三、语法选择（共20分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 One day, a little mouse was thirsty. She 1 everywhere for water to drink. She climbed up on a table. And she saw a bottle on the table. The mouth 2 the bottle was big. The little mouse looked inside the bottle. “Ahh, there is 3 milk in it. That’s great.” She went into it and drank. She drank and drank. After a moment, 4 drank enough. Her stomach was too big and she 5 come out of the bottle. She cried for help. Just then a cat came up to the table. When he heard the cry, the cat jumped onto the table so 6 . “You will be my nice lunch.” The little mouse was very clever 7 she thought for a moment and said, “ Brother Cat, you mustn’t roll the bottle.” “Why?” asked the cat. “I would get dizzy (头晕的),” said the mouse. The cat said that he would let her 8 quickly. So he began to roll the bottle. Suddenly, 9 bottle fell down onto the floor and broke into pieces. The little mouse ran away as 10 as she could. When the cat jumped off the table and ran after her, the mouse had already gone into her home. 1．A．look B．looked C．looks 2．A．of B．in C．with 3．A．little B．a little C．few 4．A．she B．her C．hers 5．A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t 6．A．happy B．happiness C．happily 7．A．but B．or C．and 8．A．dying B．die C．to die 9．A．an B．a C．the 10．A．fast B．faster C．fastest 四、单项选择（共15分） 1. We will ______ a new library in our school next year. A. shout B. gate C. build D. knock 2. ______ she came to this city, she has lived here happily. A. True B. Since C. Nor D. Perhaps 3. He can't play the piano, ______ can his younger brother. A. nor B. hole C. glad D. reach 4. There's a small ______ in the wall, and the wind comes in. A. shout B. gate C. hole D. grade 5. They ______ to have a picnic in the park this weekend. A. plan B. allow C. knock D. reach 6. Students can get more information ______ to help with their study. A. online B. quite C. theirs D. inside 7. The teacher hopes to improve our ______ of the difficult math problems. A. double B. understanding C. message D. article 8. We should ______ the elderly and offer our seats to them on the bus. A. true B. respect C. narrow D. perhaps 9. The street is so ______ that two cars can't pass at the same time. A. true B. respect C. narrow D. perhaps 10. —______ we go to the museum tomorrow? —That sounds great! A. True B. Respect C. Narrow D. Perhaps 11. In the old town, there are many beautiful ______ with traditional houses. A. gates B. lanes C. units D. articles 12. After long discussions, they finally reached an ______ on the project plan. A. agreement B. relative C. government D. poem 13. My ______ who lives in another city often sends me postcards. A. agreement B. relative C. government D. poem 14. Don't ______ with your classmates over small things. It's not good. A. shout B. gate C. argue D. divide 15. We need to ______ the big task into smaller parts to finish it easily. A. shout B. gate C. argue D. divide 五、根据汉语提示补全句子（共40分） 1. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to ____. 2. 张家和吴家曾就房屋的分界线争论。 The Zhangs and the Wus once ____ ____ the dividing line between their houses. 答案：argued over 3. 两家人没能达成协议。 The two families couldn’t ____ ____ ____. 4. 张家放弃了三尺地给邻居。 The Zhang family ____ ____ three chi for their neighbour. 5. 这种善意激励了更多善意。 This ____ encourages more kindness. 6. 孩子们每天下午在巨人的花园里玩耍。 The children ____ in the Giant’s garden every afternoon. 7. 巨人回来后，关闭了花园的大门。 After coming back, the Giant ____ the gate of the garden. 8. 从那以后，他再也没在那里见过孩子。 ____ then, he hasn’t seen a child there. 9. 树木开心得用花朵覆盖自己。 The trees are so glad that they ____ themselves with flowers. 10. 最后，巨人拆除了围墙。 Finally, the Giant ____ ____ the wall. 11. 我们需要他人的合作。 We need the ____ of others. 12. 并非所有人都以你思考的方式思考。 Not everyone thinks the way you ____. 13. 春天来了，但巨人的花园里依旧是冬天。 Spring ____, but it was still winter in the Giant’s garden. 14. 分享快乐是双重的快乐。 ____ joy is a double joy. 15. 我和朋友分享这个故事已经有一周了。 I have shared this story with my friend ____ a week. 六、补全对话（共10分） 从A—G的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。（选项中有两项是多余的） Teacher: What do you think about the story Hou Yi Shoots Down the Suns? Li Hua: I think Hou Yi was very brave to shoot down nine suns to save the earth. Kevin: 1 Could there be a better way to do this? Li Hua: 2 He had to act fast to save everyone. Kevin: Yes, but what if he had failed to shoot the nine suns down? 3 Li Hua: What else could Hou Yi do instead? Kevin: 4 For example, he could ask someone wise for help or found a magical way to control the suns. Teacher: It’s good to think about all the different ways to a problem. 5 A．Not really, because there was little time for him. B．But I’m not sure that was the best idea. C．We could have asked for advice. D．It’s just a story, don’t believe it. E．Though it’s just a story, we can learn from it . F．He had to do something else. G．Maybe there were many other ways. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Getting along 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据汉语及首字母填空（共5分） 1．Don’t a (争吵) with your parents. They love you very much. You should understand them. 【答案】(a)rgue 【详解】句意：不要和你的父母争吵。他们非常爱你。你应该理解他们。argue“争吵”，argue with sb.“和某人争吵”，固定短语。此处位于助动词Don’t后，应用动词原形。故填(a)rgue。 2．I am g (高兴) to see you again. 【答案】(g)lad 【详解】句意：我很高兴再次见到你。glad“高兴的”，为形容词，作表语。故填(g)lad。 3．You can talk with other people who are o (在线的). 【答案】(o)nline 【详解】句意：你可以与在线的其他人交谈。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，空处应填online“在线的”，形容词作表语。故填(o)nline。 4．The forest can o (提供) food and water to animals. 【答案】(o)ffer 【详解】句意：森林可以为动物提供食物和水。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，空处应用动词offer，表示“提供”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(o)ffer。 5．The g (政府) encourages people to plant more trees. 【答案】(g)overnment 【详解】句意：政府鼓励人们多种树。government“政府”，可数名词，根据“encourages”可知，此处使用单数名词。故填(g)overnment。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（共10分） 1．The Greens live next to us. Our children go to the same school as (they). 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意：格林一家住在我们隔壁。我们的孩子和他们孩子上同一个学校。根据“Our children”和空格后没有名词可知此处应用they的名词性物主代词theirs指代“their children”。故填theirs。 2．The lights are still on. The Blacks (plan) what to take to the party tomorrow in the next room. 【答案】are planning 【详解】句意：灯还亮着。布莱克一家正在隔壁房间计划明天带什么去聚会。根据“The lights are still on”可知，本句所表达的事情正在发生，本句应用现在进行时。根据“The Blacks...what to take to the party tomorrow in the next room.”可知，空格处为本句谓语动词，主语为The Blacks，表示“布莱克一家人”，为复数，故填are planning。 3．Have you heard any news from your daughter ? (recent) 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：你最近收到你女儿的消息了吗？分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式，作状语，recently“最近”符合。故填recently。 4．When the father came home from work, he heard his wife (shout) at their son, Tom. 【答案】shouting 【详解】句意：当父亲下班回家时，他听到妻子正在对他们的儿子汤姆大喊。根据“When the father came home from work,”可知，此处是指父亲下班回家时听到妻子正在对儿子大喊；考查hear sb. doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事”，固定搭配，强调动作正在进行，所以这里应用动词shout的现在分词形式shouting。故填shouting。 5．He wrote a few (article) on this topic and published them. 【答案】articles 【详解】句意：关于这个话题，他写了几篇文章，并发表了。a few“少量的”，后加可数名词复数， article的复数形式articles。故填articles。 6．Jeff, here are two (message) for your father. 【答案】messages 【详解】句意：杰夫，这是给你父亲的两条留言。two后接名词的复数形式，故填messages。 7．The jewelry is so (price) that you must keep it safe. 【答案】priceless 【详解】句意：这些珠宝是无价之宝，你必须妥善保管。price“价格”，是名词，作为系动词is的表语，有副词so修饰，用形容词，根据“you must keep it safe”可知，你必须妥善保管的珠宝，应是无价的，priceless“无价的”，是形容词，故填priceless。 8．Do you know about Nanchang Street? It’s so (live). 【答案】lively 【详解】句意：你知道南昌街吗？它是如此地有活力。此处是一个形容词，在句中作表语。live是动词，其形容词形式为lively，表示“有活力的、生机勃勃的”。故填lively。 9．Our teacher (divide) us into four groups to play a game last Friday. 【答案】divided 【详解】句意：上周五老师把我们分成四组玩游戏。根据“last Friday”可知，动词用过去式，故填divided。 10．Though they had a long discussion, they came to an (agree) at last. So they were pleased with the result. 【答案】agreement 【详解】句意：尽管他们进行了长时间的讨论，最后还是达成了协议。所以他们对结果很满意。根据“they came to an ...”可知，an后接单数名词；agree的名词为agreement，意为“同意，协议”；come to an agreement表示“达成协议”。故填agreement。 三、语法选择（共20分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 One day, a little mouse was thirsty. She 1 everywhere for water to drink. She climbed up on a table. And she saw a bottle on the table. The mouth 2 the bottle was big. The little mouse looked inside the bottle. “Ahh, there is 3 milk in it. That’s great.” She went into it and drank. She drank and drank. After a moment, 4 drank enough. Her stomach was too big and she 5 come out of the bottle. She cried for help. Just then a cat came up to the table. When he heard the cry, the cat jumped onto the table so 6 . “You will be my nice lunch.” The little mouse was very clever 7 she thought for a moment and said, “ Brother Cat, you mustn’t roll the bottle.” “Why?” asked the cat. “I would get dizzy (头晕的),” said the mouse. The cat said that he would let her 8 quickly. So he began to roll the bottle. Suddenly, 9 bottle fell down onto the floor and broke into pieces. The little mouse ran away as 10 as she could. When the cat jumped off the table and ran after her, the mouse had already gone into her home. 1．A．look B．looked C．looks 2．A．of B．in C．with 3．A．little B．a little C．few 4．A．she B．her C．hers 5．A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t 6．A．happy B．happiness C．happily 7．A．but B．or C．and 8．A．dying B．die C．to die 9．A．an B．a C．the 10．A．fast B．faster C．fastest 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只小老鼠偷喝牛奶，但是被猫发现，最后通过自己的机智顺利逃脱的故事。 1．句意：她四处看了看，寻找能喝的水。 look动词原形；looked过去式；looks第三人称单数。根据“One day, a little mouse was thirsty.”以及全文时态可知，本句应用一般过去时，故选B。 2．句意：瓶子的瓶嘴很大。 of属于……的；in在……内部；with和。根据“The mouth...the bottle was big.”可知，此处表示瓶子的瓶嘴，用of表示所属关系，意为“的”，故选A。 3．句意：啊，里面有一点牛奶。 little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据“She went into it and drank.”可知瓶子里确实有牛奶，且横线后milk为不可数名词，故选B。 4．句意：一会之后，她喝够了。 she她，人称代词主格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据“...drank enough”可知，本句缺少主语，结合选项可知应用人称代词主格，故选A。 5．句意：她的肚子太大了，并且她不能从瓶子里出来。 wouldn’t不会；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能。根据“Her stomach was too big”可知，肚子太大导致不能出来，故选C。 6．句意：这只猫听到哭声后，高兴地跳上桌子。 happy快乐的，形容词；happiness快乐，名词；happily快乐地，副词。根据“the cat jumped onto the table so...”可知本句结构完整，空格处缺少副词修饰动词jump，故选C。 7．句意：这只小老鼠非常聪明，并且她想了一会说：“猫哥，你千万别滚瓶子。” but但是；or或者；and并且。根据“The little mouse was very clever...she thought for a moment and said...”可知小老鼠很聪明，想了一会就找到了逃脱的办法，空格处应用and表示承接关系，故选C。 8．句意：猫说他会让她死的快点。 dying死，动名词或现在分词形式；die死，动词原形；to die死，不定式。根据“let her...quickly”可知，此处考查固定搭配let sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，故选B。 9．句意：突然，瓶子掉到了地上摔成了碎片。 an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素前；a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素前；the这个，定冠词。根据“...bottle fell down onto the floor and broke into pieces”可知此处应用定冠词the，特指小老鼠被困的瓶子，故选C。 10．句意：小老鼠尽可能快地跑走了。 fast快，形容词或副词；faster更快，比较级；fastest最快，最高级。根据“as...as she could”可知此处考查固定搭配as...as sb can/could，意为“尽可能……”，两个as中间应用形容词或副词原级。故选A。 四、单项选择（共15分） 1. We will ______ a new library in our school next year. A. shout B. gate C. build D. knock 答案：C 解析：build 意为“建造；盖；造”，符合“明年在学校建图书馆”语境；shout 喊，gate 大门（名词），knock 敲，均不合适。 2. ______ she came to this city, she has lived here happily. A. True B. Since C. Nor D. Perhaps 答案：B 解析：since 引导时间状语从句，表“自从……以来”，符合“自从她来到这座城市，就开心生活”语境；true 真正的，nor 也不，perhaps 也许，均不对。 3. He can't play the piano, ______ can his younger brother. A. nor B. hole C. glad D. reach 答案：A 解析：nor 用于倒装句，表“也不”，符合“他不会弹钢琴，他弟弟也不会”语境；hole 洞，glad 高兴的，reach 实现，均不合适。 4. There's a small ______ in the wall, and the wind comes in. A. shout B. gate C. hole D. grade 答案：C 解析：hole 是“洞；孔”，符合“墙上有小洞，风能进来”语境；shout 喊，gate 大门，grade 年级，均不对。 5. They ______ to have a picnic in the park this weekend. A. plan B. allow C. knock D. reach 答案：A 解析：plan to do sth. 是“计划做某事”，符合“计划周末去公园野餐”语境；allow 允许（常用 allow sb. to do sth.），knock 敲，reach 实现，均不合适。 6. Students can get more information ______ to help with their study. A. online B. quite C. theirs D. inside 答案：A 解析：online 是“从网上；在网上”，符合“学生在线获取信息辅助学习”语境；quite 很；较为（副词），theirs 他们的/她们的（名词性物主代词），inside 在……里面，均不对。 7. The teacher hopes to improve our ______ of the difficult math problems. A. double B. understanding C. message D. article 答案：B 解析：understanding 是“理解”，符合“老师希望提升我们对数学难题理解”语境；double 双倍的，message 寓意，article 文章，均不合适。 8. We should ______ the elderly and offer our seats to them on the bus. A. true B. respect C. narrow D. perhaps 答案：B 解析：respect 是“尊重；顾及”，符合“在公交车上尊重老人、给其让座”语境；true 真正的，narrow 狭窄的，perhaps 也许，均不对。 9. The street is so ______ that two cars can't pass at the same time. A. true B. respect C. narrow D. perhaps 答案：C 解析：narrow 是“狭窄的”，符合“街道狭窄，两辆车无法同时通过”语境；true 真正的，respect 尊重，perhaps 也许，均不对。 10. —______ we go to the museum tomorrow? —That sounds great! A. True B. Respect C. Narrow D. Perhaps 答案：D 解析：perhaps 是“可能；大概；也许”，用于提建议，符合“提议明天去博物馆”语境；true 真正的，respect 尊重，narrow 狭窄的，均不对。 11. In the old town, there are many beautiful ______ with traditional houses. A. gates B. lanes C. units D. articles 答案：B 解析：lane 是“……巷（常用于路名中）”，符合“老镇有很多有传统房屋的小巷”语境；gates 大门（复数），units 单位（复数），articles 文章（复数），均不合适。 12. After long discussions, they finally reached an ______ on the project plan. A. agreement B. relative C. government D. poem 答案：A 解析：agreement 是“（意见的）一致；相合”，reach an agreement 是“达成协议”，符合“就项目计划达成一致”语境；relative 亲戚，government 政府，poem 诗，均不对。 13. My ______ who lives in another city often sends me postcards. A. agreement B. relative C. government D. poem 答案：B 解析：relative 是“家人；亲戚”，符合“住在另一座城市的亲戚常给我寄明信片”语境；agreement 协议，government 政府，poem 诗，均不合适。 14. Don't ______ with your classmates over small things. It's not good. A. shout B. gate C. argue D. divide 答案：C 解析：argue 是“争论；争吵”，符合“别因小事和同学争吵”语境；shout 喊，gate 大门，divide 分开，均不对。 15. We need to ______ the big task into smaller parts to finish it easily. A. shout B. gate C. argue D. divide 答案：D 解析：divide 是“（把……）分开”，divide...into... 是“把……分成……”，符合“把大任务分成小部分以便完成”语境；shout 喊，gate 大门，argue 争论，均不对。 五、根据汉语提示补全句子（共40分） 1. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to ____. 答案：you 解析：对应孔子名言逻辑，“己”指代“you（你自己）”，体现“待人如待己”的核心，符合句式指代关系。 2. 张家和吴家曾就房屋的分界线争论。 The Zhangs and the Wus once ____ ____ the dividing line between their houses. 答案：argued over 解析：“argue over”为固定短语（就……争论），故事为过去事件，故用一般过去时“argued over”，匹配六尺巷两家争执的背景。 3. 两家人没能达成协议。 The two families couldn’t ____ ____ ____. 答案：reach an agreement 解析：“reach an agreement”是固定搭配（达成协议），情态动词“couldn’t”后接动词原形，对应两家争执未解决的结果。 4. 张家放弃了三尺地给邻居。 The Zhang family ____ ____ three chi for their neighbour. 答案：gave up 解析：“give up”表“放弃”，故事为过去时态，故用过去式“gave up”，对应张家主动让地的行为。 5. 这种善意激励了更多善意。 This ____ encourages more kindness. 答案：kindness 解析：“kindness”是“kind”的名词形式（善意），作主语，契合六尺巷“善意传递”的寓意。 6. 孩子们每天下午在巨人的花园里玩耍。 The children ____ in the Giant’s garden every afternoon. 答案：play 解析：一般现在时描述日常行为，主语“children”为复数，故用动词原形“play”，对应《自私的巨人》开篇场景。 7. 巨人回来后，关闭了花园的大门。 After coming back, the Giant ____ the gate of the garden. 答案：closed 解析：一般过去时表过去动作，“close”的过去式为“closed”，对应巨人赶走孩子后关门的情节。 8. 从那以后，他再也没在那里见过孩子。 ____ then, he hasn’t seen a child there. 答案：Since 解析：“Since then”是现在完成时（hasn’t seen）的标志，表“从那以后”，衔接关门后无孩子的时间逻辑。 9. 树木开心得用花朵覆盖自己。 The trees are so glad that they ____ themselves with flowers. 答案：cover 解析：“cover...with...”为固定搭配（用……覆盖），“so...that...”从句表客观反应，故用一般现在时“cover”，对应花园复苏的场景。 10. 最后，巨人拆除了围墙。 Finally, the Giant ____ ____ the wall. 答案：knocked down 解析：“knock down”表“拆除”，故事为过去时态，故用过去式“knocked down”，对应巨人醒悟后拆墙的行为。 11. 我们需要他人的合作。 We need the ____ of others. 答案：cooperation 解析：“cooperation”是“cooperate”的名词形式（合作），作宾语，契合Earl Nightingale关于合作的论述。 12. 并非所有人都以你思考的方式思考。 Not everyone thinks the way you ____. 答案：think 解析：定语从句“the way you think”中，“think”作从句谓语，用原形（一般现在时，表普遍逻辑），对应Arthur Forman关于思维差异的观点。 13. 春天来了，但巨人的花园里依旧是冬天。 Spring ____, but it was still winter in the Giant’s garden. 答案：came 解析：一般过去时表过去发生的“春天到来”，“come”的过去式为“came”，对应故事中季节对比的情节。 14. 分享快乐是双重的快乐。 ____ joy is a double joy. 答案：Shared 解析：“Shared”是“share”的过去分词，作定语修饰“joy”（表“被分享的快乐”），契合“分享快乐”的哲理表达。 15. 我和朋友分享这个故事已经有一周了。 I have shared this story with my friend ____ a week. 答案：for 解析：“for + 时间段（a week）”是现在完成时（have shared）的标志，表动作持续时长，匹配“分享”的时间描述。 六、补全对话（共10分） 从A—G的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。（选项中有两项是多余的） Teacher: What do you think about the story Hou Yi Shoots Down the Suns? Li Hua: I think Hou Yi was very brave to shoot down nine suns to save the earth. Kevin: 1 Could there be a better way to do this? Li Hua: 2 He had to act fast to save everyone. Kevin: Yes, but what if he had failed to shoot the nine suns down? 3 Li Hua: What else could Hou Yi do instead? Kevin: 4 For example, he could ask someone wise for help or found a magical way to control the suns. Teacher: It’s good to think about all the different ways to a problem. 5 A．Not really, because there was little time for him. B．But I’m not sure that was the best idea. C．We could have asked for advice. D．It’s just a story, don’t believe it. E．Though it’s just a story, we can learn from it . F．He had to do something else. G．Maybe there were many other ways. 【导语】本文主要讲述的是师生围绕神话故事《后羿射日》展开的讨论。 1．根据“Could there be a better way to do this?”可知，他在质疑后羿的做法。选项B“但我不确定那是最好的主意。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“He had to act fast to save everyone.”可知，李华在回应凯文的质疑，强调后羿必须快速行动。选项A“不完全是，因为他几乎没有时间。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“Yes, but what if he had failed to shoot the nine suns down?”可知，凯文继续假设后羿失败的后果。选项F“他必须做其他事情。”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据“For example, he could ask someone wise for help or found a magical way to control the suns.”可知，凯文在提出替代方案。选项G“也许有很多其他方法。”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据“It’s good to think about all the different ways to a problem.”可知，老师在总结讨论。选项E“虽然这只是个故事，但我们可以从中学习。”符合语境，故选E。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$