Unit 1 Water 单元测试卷 - 2025-2026学年 沪教版五四学制（2024）八年级英语上册

沪教版五四学制（2025）八年级英语上册Unit 1 Water单元测试卷 一、单项选择（15分，每题1分） 1. Water exists ______ three states: solid, liquid and gas. A. on B. in C. at D. by 2. When the temperature drops below 0℃, water ______ into ice. A. will turn B. turns C. is turning D. turned 3. Most of the earth's surface ______ by water. A. covers B. covered C. is covered D. was covered 4. Water is very important to us. We can't live ______ it. A. with B. without C. for D. of 5. —What can we do to save water? —We can ______ the tap when we brush our teeth. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 6. The water cycle is the ______ of water from the earth to the air and back again. A. movement B. development C. improvement D. growth 7. The ______ of water pollution is a serious problem. We must take action to solve it. A. reason B. cause C. excuse D. result 8. We should protect water resources ______ they are limited. A. so B. but C. because D. although 9. —How can we make dirty water clean? —We can use some ways like ______ and filtering. A. melting B. boiling C. freezing D. evaporating 10. In some areas, people have to ______ water from far - away rivers. A. carry B. bring C. take D. fetch 11. Water is called the source of life. It is ______ for all living things. A. important B. useless C. harmful D. dangerous 12. We should be ______ of the importance of water protection. A. afraid B. aware C. full D. short 13. The government has made some laws to ______ water pollution. A. increase B. reduce C. produce D. create 14. When water ______, it becomes water vapor. A. boils B. freezes C. condenses D. melts 15. We can reuse water for ______ plants. A. watering B. water C. waters D. watered 二、完形填空（10分，每题1分） Water is very important 16. ______ living things. Without water there can be 17. ______ life on earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. We need water to drink, to cook food and to clean 18. ______. Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the 19. ______ part of the world, there is some water in the air. You can not see it 20. ______ feel it when it is part of the air. The water 21. ______ seas, rivers is a liquid. The water in the air is not a liquid 22. ______ a gas. Clouds are made of water. They are little drops of water. When the water 23. ______, it falls as rain. Water may be a liquid, a solid, or a gas. When it is a solid, it may be as 24. ______ as ice. When it is a gas, you can not see or feel it. Although about 70% of the earth's surface is covered with water, there are many places in the world 25. ______ are still thirsty for water. So we should make good use of water on earth. 16. A. to B. of C. with D. by 17. A. none B. not C. much D. no 18. A. our B. ourselves C. ours D. us 19. A. dry B. drier C. driest D. most dry 20. A. nor B. and C. or D. then 21. A. in B. on C. to D. of 22. A. but B. and C. then D. also 23. A. fall B. falls C. fell D. is falling 24. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 25. A. where B. which C. what D. who 三、阅读理解（30分，每题2分） A The Water Cycle The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, is the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. The sun heats up water in rivers, lakes, and oceans. This causes the water to evaporate and turn into water vapor. The water vapor rises into the air. As it goes higher, the air gets cooler. The cooler air makes the water vapor condense into tiny water droplets. These droplets form clouds. When the water droplets in the clouds get too heavy, they fall back to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. This is called precipitation. Some of the precipitation soaks into the ground and becomes groundwater. Some of it runs off into rivers, lakes, and oceans. And the cycle starts all over again. The water cycle is very important. It helps to distribute water around the Earth. It also helps to purify water. The sun's heat and the process of evaporation and condensation remove impurities from the water. 26. What is another name for the water cycle? A. The hydrologic cycle. B. The water movement. C. The water distribution. D. The water purification. 27. What causes water to evaporate? A. The moon. B. The Earth. C. The sun. D. The wind. 28. What happens when water vapor rises into the air? A. It gets warmer. B. It gets cooler. C. It stays the same temperature. D. It disappears. 29. What is precipitation? A. The process of water evaporating. B. The process of water condensing. C. Rain, snow, sleet, or hail falling from the clouds. D. The movement of water in rivers and lakes. 30. Why is the water cycle important? A. It helps to distribute water around the Earth. B. It helps to purify water. C. Both A and B. D. None of the above. B Water Pollution Water pollution is a serious problem around the world. It is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. There are many causes of water pollution. One of the main causes is industrial waste. Factories often dump harmful chemicals and waste products into water bodies. This can make the water toxic and dangerous for plants, animals, and humans. Another cause is agricultural runoff. Farmers use fertilizers and pesticides on their crops. When it rains, these chemicals can wash into rivers and lakes, polluting the water. Sewage and wastewater are also big problems. If sewage is not properly treated, it can contain harmful bacteria and viruses. This can cause diseases when people come into contact with the polluted water. Water pollution has many bad effects. It can kill fish and other aquatic animals. It can also make the water unfit for human use, such as for drinking, swimming, and fishing. To solve the problem of water pollution, we need to take action. Governments should make stricter laws to control industrial waste and agricultural runoff. We should also improve sewage treatment systems. And we, as individuals, can do our part by reducing waste and using environmentally friendly products. 31. What is water pollution? A. The evaporation of water. B. The contamination of water bodies. C. The purification of water. D. The movement of water in the water cycle. 32. What is one of the main causes of water pollution? A. Industrial waste. B. Rain. C. The sun. D. Aquatic animals. 33. What can agricultural runoff contain? A. Harmful bacteria and viruses. B. Fertilizers and pesticides. C. Harmful chemicals and waste products. D. All of the above. 34. What are the bad effects of water pollution? A. It can kill fish and other aquatic animals. B. It can make the water unfit for human use. C. Both A and B. D. None of the above. 35. What can we do to solve the problem of water pollution? A. Governments should make stricter laws. B. We should improve sewage treatment systems. C. We can reduce waste and use environmentally friendly products. D. All of the above. C Saving Water Water is a precious resource, but many people don't realize how much water they waste every day. Here are some simple ways to save water. First, fix any leaky faucets or pipes in your home. A small leak can waste a large amount of water over time. Second, take shorter showers. A five - minute shower uses less water than a long bath. You can also install a low - flow showerhead to reduce water usage. Third, turn off the tap when you are brushing your teeth or washing your hands. Only turn it on when you need to rinse. Fourth, collect rainwater. You can use a barrel to collect rainwater and use it to water your plants or wash your car. Fifth, use a dishwasher or washing machine only when they are full. This can save a lot of water compared to running them half - full. By following these simple tips, we can all do our part to save water and protect this important resource. 36. Why is it important to save water? A. Because water is expensive. B. Because water is a precious resource. C. Because water is easy to get. D. Because water is everywhere. 37. What should you do if you have a leaky faucet? A. Ignore it. B. Fix it. C. Let it leak more. D. Buy a new faucet. 38. How can you reduce water usage in the shower? A. Take longer showers. B. Install a high - flow showerhead. C. Take shorter showers and install a low - flow showerhead. D. Take a bath instead of a shower. 39. What can you use rainwater for? A. Drinking. B. Cooking. C. Watering plants or washing a car. D. All of the above. 40. When should you use a dishwasher or washing machine? A. Whenever you want. B. Only when they are half - full. C. Only when they are full. D. Never. 四、词汇运用（10分，每题1分） （一）根据句意及首字母提示填空（5分） 41. When water gets very cold, it f_______ into ice. 42. Water e_______ when it is heated. 43. The three s_______ of water are solid, liquid and gas. 44. We must protect our water r________. 45. At 100℃, water b________. （二）用所给词的适当形式填空（5分） 46. Water _______ (call) the source of life. 47. Most of the earth _______ (cover) by water. 48. The water _______ (should save). 49. Water can be recycled. It means the water can _______ (use) again. 50. The experiment _______ (do) by the students now. 五、句型转换（10分，每题2分） 51. People use water in many ways.（改为被动语态） Water _______ _______ in many ways. 52. We should protect water resources.（改为被动语态） Water resources ______ ______ ______. 53. The students are doing the experiment now.（改为被动语态） The experiment ______ ______ ______ by the students now. 54. Water is very important to us.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ important water is to us! 55. There is little water in the bottle.（改为反意疑问句） There is little water in the bottle, ______ ______? 六、短文填空（10分，每题1分） 从方框中选择单词，用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺。water, exist, cover, importance, use, protect, cycle, pollution, save, human Water is very 56. ______ to all living things. Without water, there would be no life on Earth. It 57. ______ in three states: solid, liquid and gas. Most of the earth's surface is 58. ______ by water, but most of it is saltwater in the oceans. Only a small part is freshwater that 59. ______ can use. Water is 60. ______ in many ways. We use it to drink, cook, clean and irrigate crops. The water 61. ______ is a very important natural process. It helps to distribute water around the Earth. However, water 62. ______ is a big problem. Factories and farms often dump waste into rivers and lakes, making the water dirty. We must 63. ______ water resources. We can 64. ______ water by fixing leaky faucets, taking shorter showers and recycling water. Let's all work together to 65. ______ water and protect our planet. 七、书面表达（15分） 水是生命之源，然而水污染和水资源浪费问题却日益严重。请以“How to Protect Water Resources”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈如何保护水资源。内容包括： 1. 水的重要性； 2. 水资源面临的问题； 3. 如何保护水资源（至少3点建议）。 要求：词数80词左右，语句通顺，意思连贯，可适当发挥。 _______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 一、单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A 二、完形填空 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 三、阅读理解 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. C 四、词汇运用 （一） 41. freezes 42. evaporates 43. states 44. resources 45. boils （二） 46. is called 47. is covered 48. should be saved 49. be used 50. is being done 五、句型转换 51. is used 52. should be protected 53. is being done 54. How important 55. is there 六、短文填空 56. important 57. exists 58. covered 59. humans 60. used 61. cycle 62. pollution 63. protect 64. save 65. save 七、书面表达（略） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$