精品解析：福建省福州市台江区九校2024-2025学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题

2024-2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二英语试卷 (满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟) 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the girl graduate? A. 6 months later. B. 12 months later. C. 18 months later. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why didn’t the car work? A. It had no gas. B. It had a flat tire. C. It ran out of battery. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Jason doing? A. He’s booking tickets. B. He’s working on files. C. He’s planning a trip. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What did the woman encourage the man to do? A. Keep on studying. B. Ask for help. C. Spend more time. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. He has used up his tissues. B. He left his tissues in the classroom. C. He will lend the woman some tissues. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the kitchen. B. In the laundry room. C. In the supermarket. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Clean up the place. B. Cook the dish. C. Cut the vegetables. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why can only the girl hear the sound from her toothbrush? A. The sound is too quiet for others. B. She is wearing special earphones. C. The sound is sent through her bones. 9. What time will the girl go to bed? A. 7:30 PM. B. 8:50 PM. C. 8:55 PM. 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. How many poems are there in the poetry collection? A. Nearly twelve. B. Nearly twenty. C. Nearly fifty. 12. Why does Manny love the initial poems? A. Because the language is descriptive. B. Because the imageries are rich and vivid. C. Because the theme is warm and emotional. 13. Who is Manny’s favorite poet? A. Elizabeth Barrett Browning. B. Robert Browning. C. Tagore. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What was David’s major in college? A. Physics. B. Economics. C. Mathematics. 15. What do economists now think about minimum wage laws? A. They all agree they’re bad B. Their opinions have changed. C They strongly support them. 16. How does David describe economic theories’ development? A. Like changing seasons. B. Like growing trees. C. Like building houses. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the origin of the “10,000 steps a day” recommendation? A. A 1980s American fitness study. B. A global health organization guideline. C. A Japanese marketing campaign in the 1960s. 18. How can people reach the 10,000 steps goal according to Shmied? A. Set time goals accordingly. B. Sign up for training courses. C. Go to the fitness room weekly. 19. What can experienced walkers challenge to do? A. Speed up or walk up hills. B Walk in malls or on treadmills. (跑步机) C. Walk outside during rainy or snowy days. 20. What can we learn about the walking club “City Girls Who Walk”? A. Participants must bring their dogs to join the activity. B. Members walk twice a week for 40 minutes each time. C. Participants often have meals to relax themselves afterwards. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Top Poetry Book Clubs Poetry Talk Founder Tim Burris leads Poetry Talk out of its location in Indianapolis, Indiana. Today, the book club has over 150 active members. It focuses on reading, sharing and discussing poetry. No matter what form of poetry you might be interested in, whether it is shorter poems or longer anthologies(选集), Poetry Talk is a place where you can meet others who also share an interest in poetry. Book club meetings happen every two weeks on a Wednesday evening, are held online, and always welcome new members. The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club Run out of Boulder Bookstore, it is a book club where members discuss a shared book of poetry. People who are interested in poetry and connecting with individuals who also enjoy reading and having conversations about poetry are welcome. Book club meetings take place online on the second Tuesday of every month. The club has looked at Constellation Route by Matthew Olzmann and Luxury by Philip Schultz And the latter is the first one the club has shared. Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club The book club has been active since 2020 and now has over 1,000 active participants who read and discuss a range of different books, including poetry. In addition to enjoying engaging and insightful discussions about poetry, book club members can get to learn more about books of other genres(类型), including economics, philosophy and classic literature. Book club meetings are held online and take place weekly on Mondays. The poetry the club has read includes Homer’s classic The Odyssey. Poetry Meetup It is a great place for anyone interested in reading, talking about, or even performing poetry. Book club meetings are usually held once a month. Specific dates and locations of book club meetings are available on its Meetup. com web page. The Sea and The Mirro by W. H. Auden and St. Sebastien by Dali are two poems that book club meetings at Poetry Meetup have gone over. 21. Whose poem was shared by The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club first? A. Tim Burris’s. B. Matthew Olzmann’s. C. W. H. Auden’s. D. Philip Schultz’s. 22. What can the members do at Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club? A. Take courses on classic literature. B. Discuss books of more than one type. C. Get free poetry books on Mondays. D. Perform poetry on stage every month. 23. How is Poetry Meetup different from the other clubs? A. It is managed by a local bookstore. B. It focuses on discussions about poetry. C. It requires its members to meet offline. D. It gets its members together once a week. B Gregory Burns, an well-known artist and speaker, has run a marathon, climbed both Mount Kinabalu and Jade Mountain, and much more. He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child. When Burns was a year old, he was diagnosed with polio, and he lost the use of his legs. In 1962, his doctor said, “The best thing for a kid with polio would be to swim in a warm-water pool. ” So, arrangements were made for the boy to practice swimming. In the water, he felt a freedom that he didn’t experience anywhere else. In 1977, Burns discovered the Paralympic Games. He spent the next 27 years in international swimming competitions, some of which resulted in five world records. In 1984, Burns moved to Taiwan Province where he studied Chinese art. From 1989 to 1990, he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom. Over the years, Burns had many interesting jobs. But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled. He went back to school and completed a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in 1999. Then, working as a full-time artist, Burns uses his art to inspire people of all ages. He has a special interest in disadvantaged children. He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals. Today Burns is recognized as a world-class athlete, a motivational speaker and a notable artist. He has always aspired to excellence and encourages others to do the same. He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them. 24. Which statement is true about Gregory Burns according to the text? A. He is a famous climber. B. He is a man of great achievements. C. He lost his legs when he was a child. D. He practiced swimming for 27 years. 25. According to paragraph 3, what made Burns feel really fulfilled in his life? A. That he studied art again and worked as an artist. B. That he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom. C. That he helped and inspired some disabled children. D. That he moved to Taiwan Province to study Chinese art. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Burns? A. Determined. B. Ambitious. C. Intelligent. D. Creative. 27. What can we learn from Gregory Burns? A. A person’s attitude determines his height. B. Failure is just not enough for your efforts. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. The world will give way to those who have goals. C History was recently made at a half-marathon in Beijing. In addition to welcoming 12, 000 runners, the race also featured 21 robot participants. The only design rule for the competing robots was that they were bipedal (双足行走的) instead of running on wheels. Otherwise, it was a free for all, resulting in interesting design choices with mixed results. The strategies used included robots with kid-sized sneakers, or shoes made out of tape. Some didn’t have a head, while others did, resulting in teams fixing them mid-race to prevent them from falling. Others used knee pads (护膝) to prevent them from breaking in case they fall downwards — and many of them did. Only six of the 21 robots finished the race. Running on a separate track from the human competitors, almost every robot faced difficulties, from falling down to overheating. One robot needed a cooling pad to make it to the end while others had liquid sprayed on them. All robots were accompanied by two or three human operators who ran beside them to help control their speed with control panels or to clear their path. The winner was a robot named Tiangong Ultra, designed by UB Tech and the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center. It finished the race in two hours and 40 minutes. Despite being the robot victor, its path was not free of accidents either. It fell down once and its team had to change its batteries three times. “Until five years ago or so, we didn’t really know how to get robots to walk reliably,” Alan Fem, a robotics professor at Oregon State. “And now we do, and this will be a good demonstration of that.” Fern also noted that there’s no market demand for running robots, which likely explains why it’s not a priority for developers, adding that it was definitely interesting to see them follow instructions in a challenging environment. As such, the half-marathon provided them with a platform to showcase their hardware robustness (稳定性). Ultimately, there’s no need to worry — a robot will likely not beat you in a race. Not right now anyway. 28. How did the robot participants perform in the half-marathon? A. Uniform style of robots attracted public attention. B. All robot participants operated with the aid of teammates. C. Half of the robot participants lost their balance and fell down. D. Six robot participants quit the race because of the high temperature. 29. What barriers did the robot participants meet during the race? A It was forbidden to charge the batteries. B. Human operators could not control their running speed. C. Running together with human competitors disturbed them. D. Some of them fell down and others had to be cooled with liquid. 30. What is special about the winner Tiangong Ultra? A. It defeated other running robot participants smoothly. B. It wouldn't have won the championship without its team's aid. C. It had the longest battery life among the robot participants. D. It set a good example for the marketers and other robot participants. 31. What can be inferred from Alan Fern's comment? A. The market for running robots will definitely boom. B. Humanoid robots will dominate humans sooner or later. C. Running robots could not follow instructions in different situations. D. Every small step in the half-marathon race is one giant leap in robotics. D People remember Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon. However, not many will claim to know the second person on the moon, Edwin“Buzz” Aldrin, who joined Armstrong a mere 19 minutes later. People usually remember what is new. For pioneers, the act of pioneering can bring fame, influence and transformative impact, but the disadvantages can be rejection, hatred, and exploitation (利用). The first-movers often have the advantage. Consider Steve Jobs, who took the world by storm with his invention of the handheld personal computer devices, iPad and iPhone. Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph pioneered video streaming, turning Netflix into a global giant with200 million subscribers. The stories of these pioneers abound with success and significance that the world will remember for a while. Being the first to try something is advantageous, and certainly holds water. Yet the pioneer’s path is loaded with challenges. People are creatures of habit: they are not easily persuaded to accept something novel. James Dyson faced countless rejections when inventing the bagless vacuum (吸尘器); even after success, other makers like Shark quickly offered cheaper and improved versions. The disadvantage is clear: pioneers bear the burden of overcoming initial obstacles, only for latecomers to profit easily. Similarly, those who are the first to challenge a societal or cultural standard may face strong disagreement and hatred from those who prefer status quo(现状). Malala Yousafzai was attacked for advocating girls’ education in Pakistan, and Mahatma Gandhi was imprisoned for leading India’s independence movement. While their courage is celebrated, such pioneers often face objection or violence. The status quo’s pull discourages many from taking the first step, even when the cause is just. The poet Ralph Waldo Emerson said, “Do not go where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail (痕迹)”, To be sure, pioneering something can be fulfilling and rewarding but not many will have the courage to handle the odds that come with starting a new path. 32. The second person on the moon is unknown because of . A. his indifference to reputation. B. people’s preference for novelty. C. his contribution during the landing. D. people’s interest in moon landing. 33. Why does the author mention Steve Jobs, Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph? A. To show the importance of being courageous. B. To prove being the first can be advantageous. C. To introduce their world-famous inventions. D. To explain the process of their achievements. 34. What does the example of James Dyson imply? A. It is quite difficult to invent new products. B. Bagless vacuums are still very popular now. C. Makers are not easy to cooperate with at all. D. Pioneers may face rejections and competition. 35. What writing technique does the author mainly use? A. Comparison. B. Classification. C. Definition. D. Persuasion. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 A Clean, Green Energy Future The world’s energy demand is rising annually as countries develop and populations grow. So far, this growth has mainly relied on the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). ____36____ Thankfully, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy. Fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect. They’re non-renewable, with limited supplies. Renewable energy, in contrast, can be naturally replaced and therefore be consumed without the risk of using them up. ____37____ Solar Solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. It’s the fastest-growing renewable source, as the cost of the technology is falling. Some countries have successfully adopted this technology. Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world but China is the largest market and producer of solar technology. Hydro-power ____38____ Countries such as Paraguay and Norway already produce all or most of their energy from hydro-power. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydro-power plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station. Wind Wind turbines are turned by the wind to produce electricity. Wind farms are on land or off shore to take advantage of more frequent and powerful winds. China may meet electricity needs from wind by 2030. Wind farms in Gansu province have an endless wind supply. Biofuel This is material made from biological sources (such as corn or grain) or waste products that is used to produce energy. It’s used in generators for electricity, or in cars and other machines. Brazil has produced and used biofuel made from sugar cane for 40 years. China is the world’s third-largest producer of biofuel. So what are the pros and cons of renewable energy? ____39____ However, it can face issues like lack of power when wind or sun is absent, high setup costs for solar, and land use for biofuel. Can renewables really be the future of energy? Despite the modern world’s dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy use is increasing. Given the problems of climate change, there is no doubt that they will continue to grow. As extracting fossil fuels is becoming more difficult and expensive, the cost of renewable energy is falling. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from distant sources to cities. ____40____ A. It’s clean, abundant, and low-maintenance. B. This is why governments invest in wind energy research. C. The power of water turns turbines (涡轮机) to generate electricity. D. However, this reliance has led to pollution problems and climate change. E. For example, Iceland generates nearly 100% of its electricity from renewables. F. Here are the main types of renewable energy, with facts and examples from around the world. G. With our awareness of energy consumption and waste, a clean, green energy future is achievable. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Jake Huang went for a walk in the park that day, he never expected to see a beaver. “It was ____41____,” Jake says, “because it was in the middle of the city.” So Jake started visiting the urban park almost daily to ____42____ the beaver with his camera. The more time Jake spent observing in the park, the more ____43____ started appearing. Just steps away from the city, he ____44____ his camera on birds feeding their babies, raccoons washing their hands, and blue herons hunting for fish. “It was striking,” Jake says. “And what I saw really showed me the importance of ____45____.” But then, one crow changed everything. The crow had a wounded foot and it was ____46____. “I was worried he was injured.” To his ____47____, after observing the crow for a period of time, he realized it was recovering because other crows took care of him. Jake named him Fabian and started ____48____ the crow regularly over the next three years. “They are very intelligent, ____49____ and sympathetic animals.” Jake says. He also recorded the ____50____ between Fabian and his mate June, which led to the couple starting a family together. ____51____ Jake earned Fabian’s friendship. The crow would recognize Jake no matter what he was wearing and fly over to greet him — even after Jake had returned to the park after moving away for months. Jake says. “It was ____52____, like a Disney movie.” Jake is now sharing his real-life movies about Fabian and all the other creatures he’s ____53____ in the city on social media. He says the mini-documentaries are like a time ____54____ to honour our natural neighbours. “By connecting with living things and having empathy, you see this whole social life is different from ours. It’s ____55____ right in front of us.” Jake smiles. 41. A. familiar B. amazing C. natural D. typical 42. A. involve B. recall C. capture D. decorate 43. A. creatures B. habitats C. nests D. mammals 44. A. based B. fixed C. relied D. focused 45. A. slowing down B. showing off C. speeding up D. searching for 46. A. healing B. running C. bleeding D. jumping 47. A. relief B. satisfaction C. grief D. desperation 48. A. assessing B. informing C. reporting D. documenting 49. A. independent B. social C. aggressive D. cautious 50. A. blessing B. mercy C. love D. faith 51 A. Eventually B. Occasionally C. Initially D. Instantly 52. A. humorous B. ridiculous C. appealing D. magical 53. A. seized B. recognized C. encountered D. assisted 54. A. keeper B. capsule C. machine D. table 55. A. transforming B. arranging C. distributing D. unfolding 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Fujian province, over 3000 Tulou scatter (散落) in the mountains, more than any other province in China. Some of them are circular, while others are rectangular (方形的). They also vary ____56____ size and height. A Tulou usually has 3 to 5 floors, covering ____57____ area of around 5000 square meters. A Tulou can accommodate hundreds of people, who live and work together, ___58___ (share) the public areas, as well as the public ____59____ (facility) such as the well and the stairs. So, a Tulou ____60____ (function) as a village unit. It brings unity to all the villagers, passing down the traditional culture. The earliest Tulou ____61____ (built) in the l3th century, when the Hakka people moved to Fujian during the war. ____62____ (settle) here permanently, the Hakka people built the Tulou based on the local geographical environment, for both living and defense purposes. Featuring mud walls ____63____ are over one meter thick, a specially-designed entrance, high windows and secret tunnels (地道), the Tulou can defend against enemies effectively. In 2008, the Fujian Tulou were on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Nowadays, crowds of tourists flood in to look at the incredible designs and technologies of the Tulou ____64____ admire the harmonious living style there. When you get a chance, why not visit Fujian Tulou to take a look at these ______65______ (impress) earthen buildings? 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假如你是学生会主席李华，请你围绕“保护环境，低碳生活”为主题，写一封英语倡议书，旨在号召大家积极采取行动，践行低碳生活（low-carbon life）。内容包括： 1. 保护环境的重要性； 2. 如何低碳生活； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 She was the new girl in our school, Anna. She had the prettiest face in our school and she had very nice manners, but I hated her. I was jealous (妒忌的) of her as I was the most popular girl in the school and I didn’t want her to be liked by everyone, so I spread rumors (谣言) about her but she never looked at me with anger. I bullied Anna mentally most of the time and I never realized that I was that rude. She would cry bitterly every time I spoke ill of her parents. Anna was being liked by more and more people because of her good attitude. I was really angry with her. One day, I saw that there was a poster for our Prom (正式舞会). I wanted to become the Prom Queen this time. When the Prom Princesses were announced, Anna was one of them. My heart was burning with jealousy as I had the fear that she might be chosen for Prom Queen. I saw Anna buying a dress for her Prom from the same mall I was buying mine. We chose the same dress but she was looking more brilliant than I was with her beautiful long brown hair. When she was going back home, I followed her and went into her house. Her house was very small and I didn’t see any of her family members there. I tore her dress in front of her. Her beautiful eyes were filled with tears but I didn’t feel sorry for her. Several days before the Prom, I was walking on the street while listening to a song. The volume was so high that I did not realize a car was behind me, honking (按喇叭) to warn me that it was in a very fast speed. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Suddenly, someone pushed me out of the way. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, the doctor came out and said that Anna would be fine soon. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $英语试卷第一部分听力，该部分分为第一第二两节。注意听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上请看听力部分第一节，第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Text one, alex, what's your plan after graduation? Well, i'll go abroad for further study and . you i'm not quite sure, but I still have one year to decide. Text two libyan, why did your car suddenly stop him? IT couldn't have been a flat tire. Maybe I was out of gas. Text three, Jason, have you booked the train tickets for the trip yet? No, I meant to do IT earlier, but my boss suddenly asked for the documents. I'll get IT done right after this. Text for, look, I did poorly in the example. Again, it's so terrible. I said that i'm not good at english. I am going to give up. never mind. Remember what I said, don't leave. Things have done. Text five, do you mind sparing me a few tissues, please? I happened to leave mine in the classroom. Oh, i've run out of tissues myself. Thank you all the same. I'll ask someone else. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Text, are you? OK, lisa? The situation here is becoming a complete disaster. The eighth time I accidentally spilled the flower when I was reaching for the ball. Anyway, could you pass me the garlic? sure. Do you need help cutting the vegetables so that you can clean the mess first? No, thanks. I've already finished that part. The clean up can wait until i'm done with this amazing dish. Are you OK lisa? The situation here is becoming a complete disaster. The cakes time I accidentally spilled the flower when I was reaching for the ball. Anyway, could you pass me the garlic? sure. Do you need help cutting the vegetables so that you can clean the mess first? No, thanks. I've already finished that part. But clean up can wait until i'm done with this amazing dish. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Text seven, wow, my toothbrush makes music when I brush only . you can hear this special sound. but why can't others hear IT? IT uses bone conduction technology. The sound travels through your teeth. like when I hear my own voice in my head. Yes, the sound wave moves through your bones to your ears. So I have secret earphones in my bones. Cool. pretty cool. But sweety, look at eight thirty P. M. You need to get to school before seven thirty tomorrow. So you need to go to bed now. Five more minutes. I just need to put on my pyjamas. Wow, my toothbrush makes music when I brush. You can hear this special sound. but why can't others hear IT? IT uses bone conduction technology. The sounds travels through your teeth. like when I hear my own voice in my head. Yes, the sound wave moves through your bones to your ears. So I have secret earphones in my bones. Cool. pretty cool. But sweety, look, is eight thirty P. M. You need to get to school before seven thirty tomorrow. So you need to go to bed now. Five more minutes. I just need to put on my pyjamas. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Text dates, are you reading a novel? Awesome size? I money . neither. I'm actually reading a poetry collection, the present moon bite to gore. What's IT about . the english version has about fifty poems of focusing on parent child relationships. I especially love the twelve initial poems, from which I can sense the warmth of a mother's hug and remind myself of childhood innocence. So does that mean to goals? Your favorite poet. while his vivid imagine and musical language are beautiful, i've always preferred a lizbeth bet. Browning, the wife of another poet, robber Browning, her son is from the portuguese, are absolutely breath taking. You know why I enjoy your you've got this way of making even poetry sound like an adventure. Are you reading a novel? Awesome size. I money . neither. I'm actually reading a poetry collection, the present moon bite to gore. What's IT about the . english version has about fifty poems of focusing on parent child relationships. I especially love the twelve initial poems, from which I can sense the warmth of a mother's hug and remind myself of childhood innocence. So does that mean to guess your favorite poet. while his vivid imagine and musical language are beautiful, i've always preferred a lizabeth Browning, the wife of another poet, robber Browning, her son is from the portuguese, are absolutely breathtaking. You know why I enjoy your ts. You've got this way of making even poetry sound like an adventure. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Text nine hello everyone, today we have David e card with us. mr. Card, what first got you interested in economics? Well, I was studying physics in college when my girlfriend took a basic economics course. SHE needed help with some math problems, so I try . to help her. What happened next? When I read her textbook, I discovered many interesting ideas i'd never heard before. After reading most of the book, I decided to take in economics class myself. That's fascinating. What important lessons did you learn back then? Professors always set things like minimum wage laws hurt workers, awesome, other concepts. But these days, economists don't all agree on that anymore. How should Young people handle such changing ideas? It's hard to change people's minds once they set. Focus on proving your own ideas through good research. First, always check the evidence. Second, remember that economics grows like a tree. Old leaves full, new branches grow. Your generation will water this tree with fresh perspectives. wonderful. Any last thoughts. economics isn't about being right or wrong. It's about asking Better questions, just like that confused physical students who became an economist. Hello, everyone. Today we have David e card with us. Mister card, what first got you interested in economics? Well, I was studying physics in college when my girlfriend took a basic economics course. SHE needed help with some math problems, so I try . to help her. What happened next? When I read her textbook, I discovered many interesting ideas i'd never heard before. After reading most of the book, I decided to take in economics class myself. That's fascinating. What important lessons did you learn back then? Professors always set things like minimum wage laws, hurt workers, awesome. Other concepts. But these days, economists don't all agree on that anymore. How should Young people handle such changing ideas? It's hard to change people's minds once they're set. Focus on proving your own ideas through good research. First, always check the evidence. Second, remember that economics grows like a tree. Old leaves full, new branches grow. Your generation will water this tree with fresh perspectives. wonderful. Any last thoughts. Economics isn't about being right or wrong. It's about asking Better questions, just like that confused physics students who became an economist. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Text ten many people have heard about the walking goal of ten thousand steps a day. This advice dates back to a thousand nine sixty's marketing campaign in japan, but experts note that this is only a guideline. SHE may said. The average american works about three thousand to four thousand steps a day, and IT is fine to increase that number to ten thousand. Setting a time goal can also be useful. Meat suggests dividing the recommended one hundred and fifty minutes per week into thirty minutes a day, or ten minutes three times a day for five days. During rainy or snowy weather, people can walk in walls or on tread mills as they become experienced workers. They can speed up or woke up hills while still keeping the activity level moderate. If you can talk but not sing, abb said. That's what we consider moderate intensity exercise. Walking clubs have appeared across the nation. In twenty twenty two, thirty one year old personal trainer briana joy han started city girls who work with a tiktok post, invite ting others to work with her. In new york, we had two hundred and fifty girls show up, he said. Since then, the group has walked every sunday for around forty minutes, with some meeting afterwards for a meal or coffee. Many people have heard about the walking goal of ten thousand steps a day. This advice dates back to one thousand nine hundred and sixty marketing campaign in japan, but experts note that this is only a guideline, sme said. The average american walks about three thousand to fourth thousand steps a day, and IT is fine to increase that number to ten thousand. Setting a time goal can also be useful. Sme suggests dividing the recommended one hundred and fifty minutes per week into thirty minutes a day, or ten minutes three times a day for five days during rainy or snowy weather, people can walk in walls or on trade mills as they become experienced workers. They can speed up or walk up hills while still keeping the activity level moderate if you can talk but not seeing, ebb said. That's what we consider moderate intensity exercise. Walking clubs have appeared across the nation in two thousand and and twenty two. Thirty one year old personal trainer, bryan a. Joy con, started city girls who walk with a tiktok post, inviting others to walk with her. In new york, we had two hundred and fifty girls show up, he said. Since then, the group has walked every sunday for around forty minutes, with some meeting afterwards for a meal or coffee. 第二节到此结束，现在你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。听力部分到此结束。 2024-2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二英语试卷 (满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟) 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the girl graduate? A. 6 months later. B. 12 months later. C. 18 months later. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Alex, what’s your plan after graduation? M: Well, I’ll go abroad for further study. And you? W: I’m not quite sure. But I still have one year to decide. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why didn’t the car work? A. It had no gas. B. It had a flat tire. C. It ran out of battery. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Vivian, why did your car suddenly stop? W: Hmm, it couldn’t have been a flat tire. Maybe I was out of gas. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Jason doing? A. He’s booking tickets. B. He’s working on files. C. He’s planning a trip. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W：Jason, have you booked the train tickets for the trip yet? M：Ugh, I meant to do it earlier, but my boss suddenly asked for the documents. I’ll get it done right after this! 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What did the woman encourage the man to do? A. Keep on studying. B. Ask for help. C. Spend more time. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Look, I did poorly in the exam again. It’s so terrible. I said that I’m not good at English. I am going to give up. W: Never mind. Remember what I said — don’t leave things half done. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. He has used up his tissues. B He left his tissues in the classroom. C. He will lend the woman some tissues. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you mind sparing me a few tissues, please? I happened to leave mine in the classroom. M: Oh, I’ve run out of tissues myself. W: Thank you all the same. I’ll ask someone else. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the kitchen. B. In the laundry room. C. In the supermarket. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Clean up the place. B. Cook the dish. C. Cut the vegetables. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Are you OK, Lisa? The situation here is becoming a complete disaster! W: Thanks, Tom. I accidentally spilled the flour when I was reaching for the bowl. Anyway, could you pass me the garlic? M: Sure. Do you need help cutting the vegetables so that you can clean the mess first? W: No thanks. I’ve already finished that part. The cleanup can wait until I’m done with this amazing dish! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why can only the girl hear the sound from her toothbrush? A. The sound is too quiet for others. B. She is wearing special earphones. C. The sound is sent through her bones. 9. What time will the girl go to bed? A. 7:30 PM. B. 8:50 PM. C. 8:55 PM. 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【原文】W：Wow! My toothbrush makes music when I brush! M：Only you can hear this special sound． W：But why can’t others hear it? M：It uses bone conduction technology. The sound travels through your teeth… W：Like when I hear my own voice in my head? M：Yes! The sound wave moves through your bones to your ears． W：So I have secret earphones in my bones? Cool! M：Pretty cool! But sweetie, look — it’s 8: 50 PM. You need to get to school before 7: 30 tomorrow, so you need to go to bed now． W：Five more minutes? I just need to put on my pajamas! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. How many poems are there in the poetry collection? A. Nearly twelve. B. Nearly twenty. C. Nearly fifty. 12. Why does Manny love the initial poems? A. Because the language is descriptive. B Because the imageries are rich and vivid. C. Because the theme is warm and emotional. 13. Who is Manny’s favorite poet? A. Elizabeth Barrett Browning. B. Robert Browning. C. Tagore. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. A 【解析】 【原文】M：Are you reading a novel or some sci-fi, Manny? W：Neither. I’m actually reading a poetry collection — The Crescent Moon by Tagore． M：What’s it about? W：The English version has about 50 poems, all focusing on parent-child relationships. I especially love the 12 initial poems, from which I can sense the warmth of a mother’s hug and remind myself of childhood innocence． M：So does that mean Tagore’s your favorite poet? W：While his vivid imagery and musical language are beautiful… I’ve always preferred Elizabeth Barrett Browning, the wife of another poet, Robert Browning. Her Sonnets from the Portuguese are absolutely breathtaking． M：You know why I enjoy our chats? You’ve got this way of making even poetry sound like an adventure! 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What was David’s major in college? A. Physics. B. Economics. C. Mathematics. 15. What do economists now think about minimum wage laws? A. They all agree they’re bad B. Their opinions have changed. C. They strongly support them. 16. How does David describe economic theories’ development? A. Like changing seasons. B. Like growing trees. C. Like building houses. 【答案】14 A 15. B 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, everyone. Today we have David E. Card with us. Mr. Card, what first got you interested in economics? M: Well, I was studying physics in college when my girlfriend took a basic economics course. She needed help with some math problems, so I tried to help her. W: What happened next? M: When I read her textbook, I discovered many interesting ideas I’d never heard before. After reading most of the book, I decided to take an economics class myself. W: That’s fascinating! What important lessons did you learn? M: Back then, professors always said things like “minimum wage laws hurt workers” or some other concepts. But these days, economists don’t all agree on that anymore. W: How should young people handle such changing ideas? M: It’s hard to change people’s minds once they’re set. Focus on proving your own ideas through good research. First, always check the evidence. Second, remember that economics grows like a tree. Old leaves fall; new branches grow. Your generation will water this tree with fresh perspectives. W: Wonderful metaphor! Any last thoughts? M: Economics isn’t about being right or wrong. It’s about asking better questions — just like that confused physics student who became an economist! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the origin of the “10,000 steps a day” recommendation? A. A 1980s American fitness study. B. A global health organization guideline. C. A Japanese marketing campaign in the 1960s. 18. How can people reach the 10,000 steps goal according to Shmied? A. Set time goals accordingly. B. Sign up for training courses. C. Go to the fitness room weekly. 19. What can experienced walkers challenge to do? A. Speed up or walk up hills. B. Walk in malls or on treadmills. (跑步机) C. Walk outside during rainy or snowy days. 20. What can we learn about the walking club “City Girls Who Walk”? A. Participants must bring their dogs to join the activity. B. Members walk twice a week for 40 minutes each time. C. Participants often have meals to relax themselves afterwards. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】Many people have heard about the walking goal of 10,000 steps a day. This advice dates back to a 1960s marketing campaign in Japan. But experts note that this is only a guideline. Shmied said the average American walks about 3,000 to 4,000 steps a day,and it is fine to increase that number to 10,000. Setting a time goal can also be useful. Shmied suggests dividing the recommended 150 minutes per week into 30 minutes a day, or 10 minutes three times a day, for five days. During rainy or snowy weather, people can walk in malls or on treadmills. As they become experienced walkers, they can speed up or walk up hills while still keeping the activity level moderate. “If you can talk but not sing,” Eby said, “that’s what we consider moderate-intensity exercise.” Walking clubs have appeared across the nation. In 2022, 31-year-old personal trainer Brianna Joye Kohn started City Girls Who Walk with a TikTok post inviting others to walk with her in New York. “We had 250 girls show up,” she said. Since then, the group has walked every Sunday for around 40 minutes, with some meeting afterwards for a meal or coffee. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Top Poetry Book Clubs Poetry Talk Founder Tim Burris leads Poetry Talk out of its location in Indianapolis, Indiana. Today, the book club has over 150 active members. It focuses on reading, sharing and discussing poetry. No matter what form of poetry you might be interested in, whether it is shorter poems or longer anthologies(选集), Poetry Talk is a place where you can meet others who also share an interest in poetry. Book club meetings happen every two weeks on a Wednesday evening, are held online, and always welcome new members. The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club Run out of Boulder Bookstore, it is a book club where members discuss a shared book of poetry. People who are interested in poetry and connecting with individuals who also enjoy reading and having conversations about poetry are welcome. Book club meetings take place online on the second Tuesday of every month. The club has looked at Constellation Route by Matthew Olzmann and Luxury by Philip Schultz. And the latter is the first one the club has shared. Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club The book club has been active since 2020 and now has over 1,000 active participants who read and discuss a range of different books, including poetry. In addition to enjoying engaging and insightful discussions about poetry, book club members can get to learn more about books of other genres(类型), including economics, philosophy and classic literature. Book club meetings are held online and take place weekly on Mondays. The poetry the club has read includes Homer’s classic The Odyssey. Poetry Meetup It is a great place for anyone interested in reading, talking about, or even performing poetry. Book club meetings are usually held once a month. Specific dates and locations of book club meetings are available on its Meetup. com web page. The Sea and The Mirro by W. H. Auden and St. Sebastien by Dali are two poems that book club meetings at Poetry Meetup have gone over. 21. Whose poem was shared by The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club first? A. Tim Burris’s. B. Matthew Olzmann’s. C. W. H. Auden’s. D. Philip Schultz’s. 22. What can the members do at Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club? A. Take courses on classic literature. B. Discuss books of more than one type. C. Get free poetry books on Mondays. D. Perform poetry on stage every month. 23. How is Poetry Meetup different from the other clubs? A. It is managed by a local bookstore. B. It focuses on discussions about poetry. C. It requires its members to meet offline. D. It gets its members together once a week. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个诗歌俱乐部的相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club部分中的“The club has looked at Constellation Route by Matthew Olzmann and Luxury by Philip Schultz. And the latter is the first one the club has shared.(俱乐部看过马修·奥尔兹曼（Matthew Olzmann）的《星座路线》（Constellation Route）和菲利普·舒尔茨（Philip Schultz）的《奢侈品》（Luxury ）。后者是俱乐部分享的第一个。)”可知，首先分享的是Philip Schultz的诗歌。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club部分中的“In addition to enjoying engaging and insightful discussions about poetry, book club members can get to learn more about books of other genres(类型), including economics, philosophy and classic literature.(除了享受关于诗歌的引人入胜和有见地的讨论外，读书俱乐部成员还可以更多地了解其他类型的书籍，包括经济学、哲学和古典文学。)”可知，Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club的成员可以在俱乐部中谈论不止一种类型的书籍。故选B项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据其他三个诗歌俱乐部的介绍中的关键词online(线上)以及Poetry Meetup部分中的“Book club meetings are usually held once a month. Specific dates and locations of book club meetings are available on its Meetup. com web page.(读书俱乐部会议通常每月举行一次。会议的具体日期和地点可在其Meetup. com web找到。)”可推断，Poetry Meetup与其他三个诗歌俱乐部的不同之处是它的成员是线下聚会。故选C项。 B Gregory Burns, an well-known artist and speaker, has run a marathon, climbed both Mount Kinabalu and Jade Mountain, and much more. He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child. When Burns was a year old, he was diagnosed with polio, and he lost the use of his legs. In 1962, his doctor said, “The best thing for a kid with polio would be to swim in a warm-water pool. ” So, arrangements were made for the boy to practice swimming. In the water, he felt a freedom that he didn’t experience anywhere else. In 1977, Burns discovered the Paralympic Games. He spent the next 27 years in international swimming competitions, some of which resulted in five world records. In 1984, Burns moved to Taiwan Province where he studied Chinese art. From 1989 to 1990, he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom. Over the years, Burns had many interesting jobs. But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled. He went back to school and completed a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in 1999. Then, working as a full-time artist, Burns uses his art to inspire people of all ages. He has a special interest in disadvantaged children. He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals. Today Burns is recognized as a world-class athlete, a motivational speaker and a notable artist. He has always aspired to excellence and encourages others to do the same. He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them. 24. Which statement is true about Gregory Burns according to the text? A. He is a famous climber. B. He is a man of great achievements. C. He lost his legs when he was a child. D. He practiced swimming for 27 years. 25. According to paragraph 3, what made Burns feel really fulfilled in his life? A. That he studied art again and worked as an artist. B. That he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom. C. That he helped and inspired some disabled children. D. That he moved to Taiwan Province to study Chinese art. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Burns? A. Determined. B. Ambitious. C. Intelligent. D. Creative. 27. What can we learn from Gregory Burns? A. A person’s attitude determines his height. B. Failure is just not enough for your efforts. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. The world will give way to those who have goals. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了身残志坚的Gregory Burns的励志故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child.(尽管他小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但在他的一生中，他取得了很多成就。)”可知，Gregory Burns是一个取得很多成就的人，故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled.(但是直到他转向到艺术，他才真正地感到满足。)”可知，Burns真正感到满足是当他重新学习艺术，成为艺术家时，故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals. (他用艺术课程和其他方式来帮助他们看到并充分发挥自己的技能，这样的话他们就不会让残疾阻挡了他们追求梦想的脚步。)”可知，尽管Burns小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但这并没阻挡他追求自己的梦想并鼓励身边的人，由此可推断出是一个有决心的，故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them.(他建议，每个人都应该面对并庆祝那些生活中遇到的挑战。)”可知，从Burns的故事中，我们可以知道只要你有梦想，并为之努力，即使你是残疾，这都不会阻挡你追寻梦想的脚步，故“世界会给那些有目标的人让路”是我们可以从Burns身上学到的，故选D。 C History was recently made at a half-marathon in Beijing. In addition to welcoming 12, 000 runners, the race also featured 21 robot participants. The only design rule for the competing robots was that they were bipedal (双足行走的) instead of running on wheels. Otherwise, it was a free for all, resulting in interesting design choices with mixed results. The strategies used included robots with kid-sized sneakers, or shoes made out of tape. Some didn’t have a head, while others did, resulting in teams fixing them mid-race to prevent them from falling. Others used knee pads (护膝) to prevent them from breaking in case they fall downwards — and many of them did. Only six of the 21 robots finished the race. Running on a separate track from the human competitors, almost every robot faced difficulties, from falling down to overheating. One robot needed a cooling pad to make it to the end while others had liquid sprayed on them. All robots were accompanied by two or three human operators who ran beside them to help control their speed with control panels or to clear their path. The winner was a robot named Tiangong Ultra, designed by UB Tech and the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center. It finished the race in two hours and 40 minutes. Despite being the robot victor, its path was not free of accidents either. It fell down once and its team had to change its batteries three times. “Until five years ago or so, we didn’t really know how to get robots to walk reliably,” Alan Fem, a robotics professor at Oregon State. “And now we do, and this will be a good demonstration of that.” Fern also noted that there’s no market demand for running robots, which likely explains why it’s not a priority for developers, adding that it was definitely interesting to see them follow instructions in a challenging environment. As such, the half-marathon provided them with a platform to showcase their hardware robustness (稳定性). Ultimately, there’s no need to worry — a robot will likely not beat you in a race. Not right now anyway. 28. How did the robot participants perform in the half-marathon? A. Uniform style of robots attracted public attention. B. All robot participants operated with the aid of teammates. C. Half of the robot participants lost their balance and fell down. D. Six robot participants quit the race because of the high temperature. 29. What barriers did the robot participants meet during the race? A. It was forbidden to charge the batteries. B. Human operators could not control their running speed. C. Running together with human competitors disturbed them. D. Some of them fell down and others had to be cooled with liquid. 30. What is special about the winner Tiangong Ultra? A. It defeated other running robot participants smoothly. B. It wouldn't have won the championship without its team's aid. C. It had the longest battery life among the robot participants. D It set a good example for the marketers and other robot participants. 31 What can be inferred from Alan Fern's comment? A. The market for running robots will definitely boom. B. Humanoid robots will dominate humans sooner or later. C. Running robots could not follow instructions in different situations. D. Every small step in the half-marathon race is one giant leap in robotics. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍北京半程马拉松赛中21个机器人参赛者的表现、遇到的障碍及获胜者情况。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All robots were accompanied by two or three human operators who ran beside them to help control their speed with control panels or to clear their path.(所有机器人都由两到三名人类操作员陪同，他们跑在机器人旁边，帮助用控制面板控制速度或清理路径)”可知，所有机器人参赛者在队友的帮助下操作。故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Running on a separate track from the human competitors, almost every robot faced difficulties, from falling down to overheating. One robot needed a cooling pad to make it to the end while others had liquid sprayed on them. (与人类参赛者在不同跑道上运行时，几乎每台机器人都面临着从摔倒到过热等各种困难。一台机器人需要冷却垫才能坚持到终点，而其他机器人则被喷洒了液体)”可知，机器人参赛者在比赛中遇到的障碍是有些摔倒了，有些必须用液体冷却。故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite being the robot victor, its path was not free of accidents either. It fell down once and its team had to change its batteries three times.(尽管它是机器人的胜利者，但它的道路也并非没有意外。它摔倒了一次，它的团队不得不三次更换电池)”可推断，获胜者天宫Ultra如果没有团队的帮助，就不会赢得冠军。故选B项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的““Until five years ago or so, we didn’t really know how to get robots to walk reliably,” Alan Fem, a robotics professor at Oregon State. “And now we do, and this will be a good demonstration of that.”(俄勒冈州立大学机器人学教授艾伦·费姆说：“直到大约五年前，我们还不太清楚如何让机器人稳定行走。而现在我们知道了，这将是对此的一个很好展示。”)”及最后一段中的“As such, the half-marathon provided them with a platform to showcase their hardware robustness. (因此，半程马拉松为他们提供了一个展示硬件稳健性的平台。)”可推断，从艾伦·费姆的评论中可以看出，半程马拉松比赛中的每一小步都是机器人技术进步的一大步。故选D项。 D People remember Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon. However, not many will claim to know the second person on the moon, Edwin“Buzz” Aldrin, who joined Armstrong a mere 19 minutes later. People usually remember what is new. For pioneers, the act of pioneering can bring fame, influence and transformative impact, but the disadvantages can be rejection, hatred, and exploitation (利用). The first-movers often have the advantage. Consider Steve Jobs, who took the world by storm with his invention of the handheld personal computer devices, iPad and iPhone. Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph pioneered video streaming, turning Netflix into a global giant with200 million subscribers. The stories of these pioneers abound with success and significance that the world will remember for a while. Being the first to try something is advantageous, and certainly holds water. Yet the pioneer’s path is loaded with challenges. People are creatures of habit: they are not easily persuaded to accept something novel. James Dyson faced countless rejections when inventing the bagless vacuum (吸尘器); even after success, other makers like Shark quickly offered cheaper and improved versions. The disadvantage is clear: pioneers bear the burden of overcoming initial obstacles, only for latecomers to profit easily. Similarly, those who are the first to challenge a societal or cultural standard may face strong disagreement and hatred from those who prefer status quo(现状). Malala Yousafzai was attacked for advocating girls’ education in Pakistan, and Mahatma Gandhi was imprisoned for leading India’s independence movement. While their courage is celebrated, such pioneers often face objection or violence. The status quo’s pull discourages many from taking the first step, even when the cause is just. The poet Ralph Waldo Emerson said, “Do not go where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail (痕迹)”, To be sure, pioneering something can be fulfilling and rewarding but not many will have the courage to handle the odds that come with starting a new path. 32. The second person on the moon is unknown because of . A. his indifference to reputation. B. people’s preference for novelty. C. his contribution during the landing. D. people’s interest in moon landing. 33. Why does the author mention Steve Jobs, Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph? A. To show the importance of being courageous. B. To prove being the first can be advantageous. C. To introduce their world-famous inventions. D. To explain the process of their achievements. 34. What does the example of James Dyson imply? A. It is quite difficult to invent new products. B. Bagless vacuums are still very popular now. C. Makers are not easy to cooperate with at all. D. Pioneers may face rejections and competition. 35. What writing technique does the author mainly use? A. Comparison. B. Classification. C. Definition. D. Persuasion. 【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。探讨了先驱者这一角色，一方面指出先行动者往往具有优势，能带来名利等；另一方面阐述了先驱者的道路充满挑战，如面临人们对新事物的抵制、后来者的竞争以及对社会文化标准挑战时遭遇的反对等。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“ However, not many will claim to know the second person on the moon, Edwin“Buzz” Aldrin, who joined Armstrong a mere 19 minutes later. People usually remember what is new.(然而，没有多少人会声称知道第二个登上月球的人，埃德温·“巴兹”·奥尔德林，他在19分钟后加入了阿姆斯特朗的行列。人们通常记住新的事物)” 可知，第二个登上月球的人不为人知是因为人们对新奇事物的偏好。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“ The first-movers often have the advantage. Consider Steve Jobs, who took the world by storm with his invention of the handheld personal computer devices, iPad and iPhone. Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph pioneered video streaming, turning Netflix into a global giant with 200 million subscribers.(先行者往往有优势。以史蒂夫•乔布斯为例，他发明了手持个人电脑设备iPad和iPhone，风靡全球。里德·黑斯廷斯和马克·伦道夫开创了视频流媒体，将网飞公司变成了拥有2亿用户的全球巨头。)” 可知，作者提到他们是为了证明做第一个（先行动）是有优势的。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Yet the pioneer’s path is loaded with challenges. People are creatures of habit: they are not easily persuaded to accept something novel. James Dyson faced countless rejections when inventing the bagless vacuum (吸尘器); even after success, other makers like Shark quickly offered cheaper and improved versions.(然而，先驱者的道路充满挑战。人们是习惯的产物：他们不容易被说服去接受新事物。詹姆斯・戴森在发明无袋吸尘器时面临无数次拒绝；即使成功后，像鲨客这样的其他制造商也迅速推出了更便宜且改进的版本)”可知，詹姆斯・戴森的例子暗示了先驱者可能面临拒绝和竞争。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The first - movers often have the advantage. Consider Steve Jobs, who took the world by storm with his invention of the handheld personal computer devices, iPad and iPhone. Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph pioneered video streaming, turning Netflix into a global giant with 200 million subscribers.(先行动者往往具有优势。想想史蒂夫・乔布斯，他凭借手持个人电脑设备 iPad 和 iPhone 的发明震惊世界。里德・哈斯廷斯和马克・伦道夫开创了视频流媒体服务，使网飞拥有 2 亿订阅用户，成为全球巨头)”，此部分论述了先行动者的优势。接着在第三段又指出“Yet the pioneer’s path is loaded with challenges. People are creatures of habit: they are not easily persuaded to accept something novel. James Dyson faced countless rejections when inventing the bagless vacuum (吸尘器); even after success, other makers like Shark quickly offered cheaper and improved versions.(然而，先驱者的道路充满挑战。人们是习惯的产物：他们不容易被说服去接受新事物。詹姆斯・戴森在发明无袋吸尘器时面临无数次拒绝；即使成功后，像鲨客这样的其他制造商也迅速推出了更便宜且改进的版本)”，阐述了先驱者面临的挑战。通过这两部分内容的对比，来全面探讨先驱者这一角色。所以，文章主要运用了对比的写作手法，故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 A Clean, Green Energy Future The world’s energy demand is rising annually as countries develop and populations grow. So far, this growth has mainly relied on the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). ____36____ Thankfully, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy. Fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect. They’re non-renewable, with limited supplies. Renewable energy, in contrast, can be naturally replaced and therefore be consumed without the risk of using them up. ____37____ Solar Solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. It’s the fastest-growing renewable source, as the cost of the technology is falling. Some countries have successfully adopted this technology. Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world but China is the largest market and producer of solar technology. Hydro-power ____38____ Countries such as Paraguay and Norway already produce all or most of their energy from hydro-power. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydro-power plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station. Wind Wind turbines are turned by the wind to produce electricity. Wind farms are on land or off shore to take advantage of more frequent and powerful winds. China may meet electricity needs from wind by 2030. Wind farms in Gansu province have an endless wind supply. Biofuel This is material made from biological sources (such as corn or grain) or waste products that is used to produce energy. It’s used in generators for electricity, or in cars and other machines. Brazil has produced and used biofuel made from sugar cane for 40 years. China is the world’s third-largest producer of biofuel. So what are the pros and cons of renewable energy? ____39____ However, it can face issues like lack of power when wind or sun is absent, high setup costs for solar, and land use for biofuel. Can renewables really be the future of energy? Despite the modern world’s dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy use is increasing. Given the problems of climate change, there is no doubt that they will continue to grow. As extracting fossil fuels is becoming more difficult and expensive, the cost of renewable energy is falling. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from distant sources to cities. ____40____ A. It’s clean, abundant, and low-maintenance. B. This is why governments invest in wind energy research. C. The power of water turns turbines (涡轮机) to generate electricity. D. However, this reliance has led to pollution problems and climate change. E. For example, Iceland generates nearly 100% of its electricity from renewables. F. Here are the main types of renewable energy, with facts and examples from around the world. G. With our awareness of energy consumption and waste, a clean, green energy future is achievable. 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. A 40. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕干净、绿色的可再生能源展开，介绍其类型、优缺点及发展前景。 【36题详解】 根据上文“The world’s energy demand is rising annually as countries develop and populations grow. So far, this growth has mainly relied on the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas).(全球的能源需求每年都在增长，这是因为各国在不断发展，人口也在不断增长。到目前为止，这种增长主要依赖于化石燃料（煤炭、石油、天然气）的使用)”以及后文“Thankfully, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy.(值得庆幸的是，许多国家正在逐步将能源来源从化石燃料转向清洁、绿色且可再生的能源)”可知，前文讲化石燃料的使用，此处需要指出其问题，引出下文转向清洁绿色能源的话题。故D选项“然而，这种依赖性导致了污染问题和气候变化”符合语境，故选D。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect. They’re non-renewable, with limited supplies. Renewable energy, in contrast, can be naturally replaced and therefore be consumed without the risk of using them up.(化石燃料会排放二氧化碳，从而加剧温室效应。它们属于不可再生资源，储量有限。相比之下，可再生能源能够自然更新，因此在使用时不存在耗尽的风险)”结合下文对几种可再生资源的介绍可知，本句承上启下。故F选项“以下是主要的可再生能源类型，其中包含了来自世界各地的事实和例子”符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据后文“Countries such as Paraguay and Norway already produce all or most of their energy from hydro-power. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydro-power plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station.(像巴拉圭和挪威这样的国家已经全部或大部分依靠水力发电来获取能源。中国大部分的可再生能源都来自水电站，比如世界上最大的发电站——三峡大坝)”可知，本段主要说明了水力发电，故C选项“水的能量会驱动涡轮机来产生电能”符合语境，故选C。 【39题详解】 根据上文“So what are the pros and cons of renewable energy?(那么，可再生能源的优点和缺点分别是什么呢？)”以及后文“However, it can face issues like lack of power when wind or sun is absent, high setup costs for solar, and land use for biofuel.(然而，它可能会面临一些问题，比如在没有风或阳光的情况下会缺乏能源供应，太阳能的安装成本较高，以及生物燃料的生产需要占用大量土地)”可知，本句应说明可再生资源的优点，与后文“However”引导的缺点对比。故A选项“它干净、丰富且维护成本低”符合语境，故选A。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Can renewables really be the future of energy? Despite the modern world’s dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy use is increasing. Given the problems of climate change, there is no doubt that they will continue to grow. As extracting fossil fuels is becoming more difficult and expensive, the cost of renewable energy is falling. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from distant sources to cities.(可再生能源真的能成为能源的未来吗？尽管现代世界依赖于化石燃料，但可再生能源的使用量却在不断增加。鉴于气候变化带来的问题，毫无疑问，其使用量将会持续增长。由于开采化石燃料变得越来越困难且成本越来越高，可再生能源的成本正在下降。例如，新的电池技术解决了将来自遥远地区的电力输送到城市的问题)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，回答该段首句提出的问题，即，“可再生能源定能成为未来的主要能源”。故G选项“由于我们对能源消耗和浪费有了更清晰的认识，一个清洁、绿色的能源未来是完全可以实现的”符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Jake Huang went for a walk in the park that day, he never expected to see a beaver. “It was ____41____,” Jake says, “because it was in the middle of the city.” So Jake started visiting the urban park almost daily to ____42____ the beaver with his camera. The more time Jake spent observing in the park, the more ____43____ started appearing. Just steps away from the city, he ____44____ his camera on birds feeding their babies, raccoons washing their hands, and blue herons hunting for fish. “It was striking,” Jake says. “And what I saw really showed me the importance of ____45____.” But then, one crow changed everything. The crow had a wounded foot and it was ____46____. “I was worried he was injured.” To his ____47____, after observing the crow for a period of time, he realized it was recovering because other crows took care of him. Jake named him Fabian and started ____48____ the crow regularly over the next three years. “They are very intelligent, ____49____ and sympathetic animals.” Jake says. He also recorded the ____50____ between Fabian and his mate June, which led to the couple starting a family together. ____51____ Jake earned Fabian’s friendship. The crow would recognize Jake no matter what he was wearing and fly over to greet him — even after Jake had returned to the park after moving away for months. Jake says. “It was ____52____, like a Disney movie.” Jake is now sharing his real-life movies about Fabian and all the other creatures he’s ____53____ in the city on social media. He says the mini-documentaries are like a time ____54____ to honour our natural neighbours. “By connecting with living things and having empathy, you see this whole social life is different from ours. It’s ____55____ right in front of us.” Jake smiles. 41. A. familiar B. amazing C. natural D. typical 42. A. involve B. recall C. capture D. decorate 43. A. creatures B. habitats C. nests D. mammals 44. A. based B. fixed C. relied D. focused 45. A. slowing down B. showing off C. speeding up D. searching for 46. A. healing B. running C. bleeding D. jumping 47. A. relief B. satisfaction C. grief D. desperation 48. A. assessing B. informing C. reporting D. documenting 49. A. independent B. social C. aggressive D. cautious 50. A. blessing B. mercy C. love D. faith 51. A. Eventually B. Occasionally C. Initially D. Instantly 52. A. humorous B. ridiculous C. appealing D. magical 53. A. seized B. recognized C. encountered D. assisted 54. A. keeper B. capsule C. machine D. table 55. A. transforming B. arranging C. distributing D. unfolding 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述Jake Huang在城市公园偶遇海狸后，开始观察并记录城市中的动物，与一只受伤乌鸦建立友谊的故事。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“太神奇了，”Jake说，“因为它在城市中心。”A. familiar熟悉的；B. amazing令人惊叹的；C. natural自然的；D. typical典型的。根据下文“because it was in the middle of the city”可知，海狸出现在市中心是令人惊异的事。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是Jake几乎每天都去城市公园，用相机拍摄海狸。A. involve包含；B. recall回忆；C. capture捕获，拍摄；D. decorate装饰。根据下文“with his camera”可知，Jake用相机拍摄海狸。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jake在公园里观察的时间越长，出现的生物就越多。A. creatures生物；B. habitats栖息地；C. nests巢；D. mammals哺乳动物。根据下文“birds feeding their babies, raccoons washing their hands, and blue herons hunting for fish.”可知，Jake观察到的“生物”越来越多。故选A项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在离城市几步之遥的地方，他把镜头对准了喂宝宝的鸟、洗手的浣熊和捕鱼的蓝鹭。A. based以……为基础；B. fixed固定；C. relied依赖；D. focused聚焦。根据下文“his camera on birds feeding their babies, raccoons washing their hands, and blue herons hunting for fish.”可知，下文描述的是Jake捕捉到的动物场景，由此可推断，此处指的是Jake将相机“聚焦”在动物身上。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我所看到的确实向我展示了慢下来的重要性。A. slowing down慢下来；B. showing off炫耀；C. speeding up加速；D. searching for寻找。根据上文“The more time Jake spent observing in the park, the more ___3___ started appearing.”可知，Jake花时间观察到的动物越来越多，由此可推断，此处指的是他意识到“慢下来”观察的重要性。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只乌鸦的脚受伤了，正在流血。A. healing愈合；B. running跑；C. bleeding流血；D. jumping跳。根据上文“The crow had a wounded foot”可知，受伤的脚在“流血”符合语境。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，观察了这只乌鸦一段时间后，他意识到它正在康复，因为其他乌鸦在照顾它。A. relief欣慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. grief悲伤；D. desperation绝望。根据下文“after observing the crow for a period of time, he realized it was recovering because other crows took care of him.”可知，看到乌鸦康复，Jake感到“欣慰”符合语境。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jake给它取名为Fabian，并在接下来的三年里开始定期记录这只乌鸦。A. assessing评估；B. informing通知；C. reporting报道；D. documenting记录。根据下文“He also recorded the ___10___ between Fabian and his mate June”可知，Jake开始“记录”乌鸦的生活。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“它们是非常聪明、善于社交和富有同情心的动物。”Jake说。A. independent独立的；B. social社交的；C. aggressive好斗的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据下文“He also recorded the ___10___ between Fabian and his mate June, which led to the couple starting a family together.”可知，Fabian和他的伴侣June组建了家庭，由此可知，此处说明它们“善于社交”。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还记录了Fabian和它的伴侣June之间的爱，这对伴侣后来组建了家庭。A. blessing祝福；B. mercy仁慈；C. love爱；D. faith信任。根据下文“starting a family together”可知，Jake记录了法比安和伴侣之间的“爱”。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，Jake赢得了Fabian的友谊。A. Eventually最终；B. Occasionally偶尔；C. Initially最初；D. Instantly立即。根据下文“The crow would recognize Jake no matter what he was wearing and fly over to greet him”可知，经过一段时间，Jake“最终”和乌鸦建立了友谊。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“太神奇了，就像一部迪士尼电影。”Jake说。A. humorous幽默的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. magical神奇的。根据下文“like a Disney movie”可知，乌鸦认出Jake的场景是“神奇的”。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jake现在在社交媒体上分享他关于Fabian和他在城市中遇到的所有其他生物的真实生活影像。A. seized抓住；B. recognized认出；C. encountered遇到；D. assisted帮助。根据上文“When Jake Huang went for a walk in the park that day, he never expected to see a beaver. ”以及“all the other creatures”可知，视频内容是Jake在城市中“遇到”的动物。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，这些迷你纪录片就像一个时间胶囊，用来纪念我们的自然邻居。A. keeper守护者；B. capsule胶囊；C. machine机器；D. table桌子。根据上文的“He says the mini-documentaries are like a time”以及下文的“to honour our natural neighbours.”可知，这些记录片记录着Jake和这些自然邻居的生活，由此可推断，此处指的是纪录片就像“时间胶囊”一样能保存和纪念动物的生活，time capsule意为“时间胶囊”。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jake微笑着说：“通过与生物建立联系并怀有同理心，你会发现整个社会生活与我们的截然不同。它就在我们眼前展开。”A. transforming转变；B. arranging安排；C. distributing分配；D. unfolding展开。根据上文“By connecting with living things and having empathy, you see this whole social life is different from ours.”可知，动物的社会生活在我们面前“展开”符合语境。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Fujian province, over 3000 Tulou scatter (散落) in the mountains, more than any other province in China. Some of them are circular, while others are rectangular (方形的). They also vary ____56____ size and height. A Tulou usually has 3 to 5 floors, covering ____57____ area of around 5000 square meters. A Tulou can accommodate hundreds of people, who live and work together, ___58___ (share) the public areas, as well as the public ____59____ (facility) such as the well and the stairs. So, a Tulou ____60____ (function) as a village unit. It brings unity to all the villagers, passing down the traditional culture. The earliest Tulou ____61____ (built) in the l3th century, when the Hakka people moved to Fujian during the war. ____62____ (settle) here permanently, the Hakka people built the Tulou based on the local geographical environment, for both living and defense purposes. Featuring mud walls ____63____ are over one meter thick, a specially-designed entrance, high windows and secret tunnels (地道), the Tulou can defend against enemies effectively. In 2008, the Fujian Tulou were on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Nowadays, crowds of tourists flood in to look at the incredible designs and technologies of the Tulou ____64____ admire the harmonious living style there. When you get a chance, why not visit Fujian Tulou to take a look at these ______65______ (impress) earthen buildings? 【答案】56. in 57. an 58. sharing 59. facilities 60. functions 61. was built 62. To settle 63. that##which 64. and 65. impressive 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被列入《世界遗产名录》的福建土楼。 【56题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们的大小和高度也各不相同。根据句意可知，此处说明土楼的大小和高度都不同，vary in为固定搭配，意为“在……方面不同”。故填in。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意：土楼一般有3到5层，占地面积约5000平方米。根据句意可知，此处指土楼覆盖5000平方米的面积，可数名词area是泛指，需要用不定冠词修饰，area的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个土楼可以容纳数百人，他们一起生活和工作，共享公共区域，以及公共设施，如井和楼梯。分析句子可知，提示词在定语从句中伴随状语，share是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语who(即先行词people)之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填sharing。 【59题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：一个土楼可以容纳数百人，他们一起生活和工作，共享公共区域，以及公共设施，如井和楼梯。根据后文“such as the well and the stairs”可知，这里指的是多种公共设施，应用复数形式。故填facilities。 【60题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，一个土楼像一个村庄单元一样运作。分析句子可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语a Tulou为第三人称单数，故谓语动词也使用单数形式。故填functions。 【61题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：最早的土楼建于13世纪，当时客家人因战乱迁徙到了福建。主语Tulou与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in the l3th century可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数形式。故填was built。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在这里永久定居，客家人根据当地的地理环境建造了土楼，既有居住的目的，也有防御的目的。“(settle) here permanently”是客家人建造土楼的目的，应用动词不定式，作目的状语；句首单词，首字母大写。故填To settle。 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：土楼有一米多厚的泥墙，特殊设计的入口，高高的窗户和秘密隧道，可以有效地防御敌人。根据句意和句子结构可知，该空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mud walls，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或者which引导。故填that或which。 【64题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，成群结队的游客涌入这里，欣赏土楼令人难以置信的设计和技术，欣赏那里和谐的生活方式。根据句意，“look at the incredible designs and technologies of the Tulou”和“admire the harmonious living style there”是游客来到这里的目的，是并列关系，不存在转折或选择关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当你有机会时，为什么不去福建土楼看看这些令人印象深刻的土楼呢？提示词修饰earthen buildings，应用形容词impressive作定语，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假如你是学生会主席李华，请你围绕“保护环境，低碳生活”为主题，写一封英语倡议书，旨在号召大家积极采取行动，践行低碳生活（low-carbon life）。内容包括： 1. 保护环境的重要性； 2. 如何低碳生活； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear fellow students, With the development of modern industry, the environment is becoming increasingly worse. It’s high time that we should take measures, or we would have nowhere to live. We students can protect our environment by living a low-carbon life. Firstly, do turn off lights and other switches when not using them to save electricity. What’s more, if we go out, we should walk, ride or take public transport instead of driving. Finally, reusing paper and bottles in our daily life is also highly recommended. Let’s make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment. I strongly believe that better world owes to the commitment and dedication of everyone. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如考生是学生会主席李华，请你围绕“保护环境，低碳生活”为主题，写一封英语倡议书，旨在号召大家积极采取行动，践行低碳生活（low-carbon life）。 【详解】1.词汇积累 而不是：instead of→rather than 此外：what's more→besides 采取措施： take measures→take action 保护：protect→preserve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Finally, reusing paper and bottles in our daily life is also highly recommended. 拓展句：Finally, it is highly recommended that we should reuse paper and bottles in our daily life . 【点睛】【高分句型1】What’s more, if we go out, we should walk, ride or take public transport instead of driving.（if引导的条件状语从句） 【高分句型2】 I strongly believe that better world owes to the commitment and dedication of everyone.（that引导的宾语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 She was the new girl in our school, Anna. She had the prettiest face in our school and she had very nice manners, but I hated her. I was jealous (妒忌的) of her as I was the most popular girl in the school and I didn’t want her to be liked by everyone, so I spread rumors (谣言) about her but she never looked at me with anger. I bullied Anna mentally most of the time and I never realized that I was that rude. She would cry bitterly every time I spoke ill of her parents. Anna was being liked by more and more people because of her good attitude. I was really angry with her. One day, I saw that there was a poster for our Prom (正式舞会). I wanted to become the Prom Queen this time. When the Prom Princesses were announced, Anna was one of them. My heart was burning with jealousy as I had the fear that she might be chosen for Prom Queen. I saw Anna buying a dress for her Prom from the same mall I was buying mine. We chose the same dress but she was looking more brilliant than I was with her beautiful long brown hair. When she was going back home, I followed her and went into her house. Her house was very small and I didn’t see any of her family members there. I tore her dress in front of her. Her beautiful eyes were filled with tears but I didn’t feel sorry for her. Several days before the Prom, I was walking on the street while listening to a song. The volume was so high that I did not realize a car was behind me, honking (按喇叭) to warn me that it was in a very fast speed. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Suddenly, someone pushed me out of the way. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, the doctor came out and said that Anna would be fine soon. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Paragraph 1: Suddenly, someone pushed me out of the way. To my astonishment, it was Anna who saved me but she got hit by the car. She was bleeding badly so I shouted for help. I felt as if a bullet went through my heart. She was taken to the hospital as soon as I found some help. Tears are rolling down from my eyes. I never knew that the person I hated so much would risk her life to save me. I waited anxiously to hear news about her and I couldn’t sleep. Paragraph 2: Finally, the doctor came out and said that Anna would be fine soon. I was over the moon to hear the news. I apologized to Ann. I found out that her parents died in an accident and I invited her to stay with me in my house. She hesitated at first but I managed to make her agree. I gave her my prom dress and quitted from the prom contest. We became Best Friends Forever. From then on, I found out that beauty doesn’t lie only on your face, and that your attitude matters a lot. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者因嫉妒新同学安娜受大家喜欢，便散布谣言、欺负她。舞会前，作者与安娜选到同款裙子，还恶意撕毁她的裙子。舞会前几天，作者在街上因听歌未察觉身后快速驶来的汽车。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“突然，有人把我推开。”可知，第一段可以描写作者被 Anna 推开后目睹她被车撞的场景，作者的惊慌与呼救，以及内心的震撼、愧疚和对Anna安危的焦急等待。 ②由第二段句首内容“最后，医生出来说安娜很快就会好起来。”可知，第二段可以描写作者听到Anna没事时的欣喜，向Anna道歉的过程，了解到她的身世后邀请她同住的举动，以及作者为她所做的付出（送舞会礼服、退出比赛），最后体现作者与Anna成为挚友并领悟到内在美的道理。 2.续写线索：突遇车祸被救 —— 目睹Anna受伤内心震动 —— 焦急等待消息 —— 得知Anna安好欣喜不已 —— 向Anna道歉并了解其身世 —— 邀请同住并付出行动 —— 成为挚友领悟真谛 3.词汇激活 ① 拯救：save/rescue ② 呼喊求助：shout for help/call for assistance/cry out for aid ③ 道歉：apologize/say sorry/express regret 情绪类 ① 惊讶：astonishment/surprise/amazement ② 焦虑：anxiously/worriedly/nervously 【点睛】【高分句型1】To my astonishment, it was Anna who saved me but she got hit by the car. (运用了强调句型“it was...who...”结构) 【高分句型2】I found out that her parents died in an accident and I invited her to stay with me in my house. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $