2025年中考英语阅读理解热点话题：新能源

中考英语阅读理解热点话题：新能源 （一） Xiaomi, a well-known Chinese technology company, has stepped into the automotive industry. The entry of Xiaomi into the car-making field has drawn widespread attention. Xiaomi is bringing its unique technological advantages to the automotive sector. It plans to integrate advanced software and intelligent connectivity features into its cars. For example, its in-car infotainment(信息娱乐) system is expected to be highly user-friendly, similar to the smooth and intuitive（直观的）experience of using Xiaomi’s smartphones. With its expertise in battery technology, Xiaomi aims to develop high - performance and long-lasting batteries for its vehicles, which could potentially improve the driving range. The company also emphasizes on safety. It invests a great deal in developing advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). These systems are designed to help drivers avoid accidents and make driving more comfortable. Xiaomi’s cars are likely to be equipped with state-of-the-art sensors and cameras to ensure accurate detection of the surrounding environment. As Xiaomi starts this new journey in the automotive world, many are looking forward to seeing how it will disrupt the traditional automotive market and bring new innovations to the consumers. （ ）1. What field has Xiaomi entered recently? A. The smartphone industry. B. The software development field. C. The automotive industry. D. The battery - only production field. （ ）2. What technological advantages does Xiaomi plan to bring to its cars? A. Only high - performance engines. B. Advanced software and intelligent connectivity features. C. Traditional mechanical designs. D. Low - cost materials. （ ）3. The underlined word “integrate” in the passage probably means “______”. A. separate B. combine C. create D. copy （ ）4. What can we infer from the passage about Xiaomi’s cars? A. They will have a short driving range. B. They will not focus on safety at all. C. They may change the traditional automotive market. D. They will be exactly the same as other cars in the market. （ ）5. What is the author’s attitude towards Xiaomi’s entry into the automotive industry? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Negative. D. Expectant. （二） New energy has become an important part of our modern life. With the growing concern about environmental protection and the limited supply of traditional energy sources like coal and oil, new energy is developing rapidly. Solar energy is one of the most popular new energies. It uses the sun’s light to generate electricity. Solar panels can be installed on the roofs of houses or in large solar farms. This kind of energy is clean and renewable. Wind energy is another significant new energy source. Wind turbines are built on land or at sea. When the wind blows, the turbines rotate and produce electricity. It is also clean and sustainable. Hydroelectric power(水力发电), which comes from the energy of flowing water, has been used for a long time. Dams are built across rivers to control the water flow and generate power. Although it is a reliable energy source, building dams may have some impacts on the environment and local ecosystems. New energy not only helps to reduce pollution but also provides opportunities for economic development. Many countries are investing a lot of money in new energy research and development to create a more sustainable future. （ ）1. What is the main reason for the rapid development of new energy? A. People like new things. B. Traditional energy sources are too expensive. C. Concerns about environmental protection and limited traditional energy supply. D. New energy is easier to use. （ ）2. Which of the following is a characteristic of solar energy? A. It is dirty but renewable. B. It uses the wind to generate electricity. C. It is clean and non - renewable. D. It uses the sun’s light to generate electricity. （ ）3. The underlined word “rotate” in the passage probably means “______”. A. 停止 B. 旋转 C. 下降 D. 上升 （ ）4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Hydroelectric power has no negative impacts. B. New energy will replace traditional energy completely soon. C. Many countries don’t care about new energy development. D. New energy development can bring both environmental and economic benefits. （ ）5. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To introduce different types of new energy and their features. B. To tell people to stop using traditional energy. C. To show that new energy is too difficult to develop. D. To compare new energy with traditional energy only. (三) New-energy vehicles (NEVs) are rapidly emerging as a significant force in the global automotive industry. The push towards NEVs is mainly driven by two key factors: environmental concerns and the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) are the most common type of NEV. They run solely on electricity stored in large-capacity batteries. These batteries power an electric motor, which drives the vehicle. BEVs have several advantages. For example, they produce zero tailpipe emissions（尾管排放）, which is extremely beneficial for improving air quality in urban areas. Moreover, the cost of battery production has been decreasing steadily, making BEVs more affordable for consumers. Another type is the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). PHEVs combine an internal combustion engine（内燃机） with an electric motor and a rechargeable battery. They can operate in all-electric mode for a certain distance, usually ranging from 20 to 50 miles, depending on the battery capacity. After that, the internal combustion engine kicks in. This feature gives drivers the flexibility to use electric power for short trips and the traditional fuel for longer journeys, alleviating（缓解） the so-called “range anxiety” that many BEV owners face. Hydrogen-fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) are also part of the NEV family. FCVs use hydrogen gas and oxygen from the air to produce electricity through a chemical reaction in the fuel cell. The only by-product of this reaction is water, making FCVs a clean and sustainable option. However, the development of FCVs faces some challenges. One major issue is the lack of a widespread hydrogen-refueling infrastructure.Building Hydro- -gen-refueling stations requires significant investment and technological know-how. Despite these challenges, the future of new-energy vehicles looks promising. Governments around the world are offering various incentives, such as tax breaks and subsidies, to encourage the adoption of NEVs. As technology continues to improve and costs decline, NEVs are likely to become an even more dominant force in the automotive market. （ ）1. What are the two main reasons for the development of new- energy vehicles? A. High speed and low cost. B. Environmental concerns and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. C. Good appearance and large space. D. Easy maintenance and long - range driving. （ ）2. What is a significant advantage of battery - electric vehicles? A. They have a long - lasting internal combustion engine. B. They can run on both electricity and traditional fuel. C. They produce zero tailpipe emissions. D. They don’t need to be charged regularly. （ ）3. The underlined phrase “range anxiety” in the passage probably means ______. A. the worry about the limited driving distance of an electric vehicle B. the fear of high - speed driving in an electric vehicle C. the concern about the high cost of an electric vehicle D. the anxiety about the complex charging process of an electric vehicle （ ）4. What is a challenge for the development of hydrogen - fuel - cell vehicles? A. The high cost of the fuel cell. B. The difficulty in producing hydrogen gas. C. The lack of a widespread hydrogen - refueling infrastructure. D. The large space occupied by the hydrogen storage tank. （ ）5. What can we infer from the passage? A. New-energy vehicles will not be able to replace traditional vehicles in the future. B. Governments’ incentives have no effect on the adoption of new-energy vehicles. C. The cost of new - energy vehicles will keep rising in the future. D. With technological progress, new - energy vehicles will play a more important role in the automotive market. （四） New energy is increasingly influencing human life. With growing environmental concerns and the search for sustainable resources, new energy like solar, wind, and hydro power has stepped into the spotlight. Solar energy is making life more eco-friendly. Solar panels on rooftops can generate electricity, reducing reliance on fossil - fuel - based power. This not only cuts down on pollution but also saves money for homeowners in the long run as they may lower their electricity bills. Wind energy also plays a part. Large wind farms provide a significant amount of power to the grid. This clean energy source helps maintain a stable power supply, especially in regions with good wind resources. Hydro-power, from dams or small-scale run-of- river projects, has been a reliable energy provider for a long time. It has enabled the development of industries and improved living standards in many areas. However, new energy also brings challenges. The initial cost of setting up solar panels or wind turbines is high. Also, the intermittent nature of solar and wind energy requires better energy storage solutions. Despite these, new energy is clearly changing human life for the better, promoting a more sustainable future. （ ）1. Why is new energy getting more attention? A. Because it is cheaper than traditional energy. B. Due to environmental concerns and the pursuit of sustainable resources. C. It is easier to produce than other energy. D. It can be used in more places than traditional energy. （ ）2. How does solar energy benefit homeowners? A. It increases their electricity bills. B. It makes their houses more beautiful. C. It helps them save money on electricity in the long term. D. It provides them with free water. （ ）3. What is a challenge of new energy? A. It is not clean enough. B. The initial setup cost is high. C. It can’t be used in many places. D. It has no impact on the environment. （ ）4. What does the underlined word “intermittent” mean? A. 持续的 B. 稳定的 C. 间歇的 D. 强大的 （ ）5. What can we conclude from the passage? A. New energy has more disadvantages than advantages. B. New energy is not important for a sustainable future. C. Despite challenges, new energy is improving human life. D. People should stop using new energy because of the high cost. (五) In recent years, China’s new-energy vehicle (NEV) industry has witnessed remarkable development. Driven by government policies, technological innovation, and a large domestic market, China has become a global leader in this field. The Chinese government has implemented a series of supportive policies, such as subsidies and preferential purchase policies. These measures have spurred the growth of domestic NEV manufacturers. Technologically, Chinese companies have made great strides in battery technology, improving energy density and reducing costs. However, the competition in the Chinese NEV market is fierce. Domestic brands face competition not only from each other but also from international automakers entering the Chinese market. To stay competitive, companies need to continuously invest in research and development, improve product quality, and enhance after - sales service. Despite the challenges, with its strong manufacturing base and innovative spirit, China’s NEV industry is well - positioned for further growth on the global stage. （ ）1. What factors have contributed to the development of China’s NEV industry? A. Only government policies. B. Government policies, technological innovation, and a large domestic market. C. Technological innovation alone. D. A large domestic market only. （ ）2. How has the Chinese government supported the NEV industry? A. By increasing taxes on NEVs. B. Through subsidies and preferential purchase policies. C. By restricting the production of NEVs. D. By reducing investment in the industry. （ ）3. The underlined phrase “made great strides” in the passage probably means ______. A. 取得巨大进步 B. 遭遇严重挫折 C. 保持原地踏步 D. 做出微小改变 （ ）4. Who do domestic NEV brands compete with? A. Only international automakers. B. Only other domestic brands. C. Both other domestic brands and international automakers. D. They don’t face any competition. （ ）5. What can we infer from the passage about China’s NEV industry? A. It will stop developing due to fierce competition. B. It will face no challenges in the future. C. It has a good prospect with its advantages. D. It is not competitive on the global stage. (一) 1. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。短文首句“Xiaomi, a well - known Chinese technology company, has stepped into the automotive industry.”明确表明小米最近进入了汽车行业，所以选C。A选项智能手机行业是小米原本就在的领域；B选项软件开发领域未提及小米新进入；D选项只生产电池领域与原文不符。 2. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。文中提到“Xiaomi is bringing its unique technological advantages to the automotive sector. It plans to integrate advanced software and intelligent connectivity features into its cars.”，说明小米计划将先进软件和智能互联功能带入汽车领域，B选项正确。A选项高性能发动机文中未提及；C选项传统机械设计不符合小米创新特点；D选项低成本材料文中未提及。 3. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据“Xiaomi is bringing its unique technological advantages to the automotive sector. It plans to integrate advanced software and intelligent connectivity features into its cars.”，这里表达小米要把先进软件和智能互联功能融入到汽车中，combine有“结合、融合”之意，最符合语境，所以选B。A选项separate是“分开”；C选项create是“创造”；D选项copy是“复制”，均不符合。 4. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。从文章最后一句“As Xiaomi starts this new journey in the automotive world, many are looking forward to seeing how it will disrupt the traditional automotive market and bring new innovations to the consumers.”可推断出，小米汽车可能会改变传统汽车市场，C选项正确。A选项与文中提到小米致力于开发高性能、续航久的电池相悖；B选项与强调安全的内容不符；D选项与小米带来新创新不符。 5. 答案：D 解析：作者意图题。文中多处体现了对小米进入汽车行业的积极描述，如提到其带来的技术优势、对安全的重视等，最后一句“many are looking forward to seeing how it will disrupt the traditional automotive market and bring new innovations to the consumers.”也表明作者对小米进入汽车行业是充满期待的，所以选D。A选项“怀疑的”；B选项“漠不关心的”；C选项“消极的”均不正确。 (二) 1. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。短文第一段“With the growing concern about environmental protection and the limited supply of traditional energy sources like coal and oil, new energy is developing rapidly.”明确指出，由于对环境保护的日益关注以及传统能源如煤炭和石油供应的有限性，新能源发展迅速，所以选C。A选项人们喜欢新事物、B选项传统能源太贵、D选项新能源更容易使用，在文中均未提及。 2. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Solar energy is one of the most popular new energies. It uses the sun’s light to generate electricity.”可知，太阳能利用太阳光发电，D选项正确。A选项说太阳能脏是错误的，原文提到太阳能是清洁的；B选项利用风发电的是风能，不是太阳能；C选项太阳能是可再生的，该选项说不可再生错误。 3. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。结合语境“When the wind blows, the turbines rotate and produce electricity.”，风一吹，涡轮机应该是“旋转”从而产生电力，所以rotate意思是“旋转”，选B。A、C、D选项意思不符合语境。 4. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。从文中“New energy not only helps to reduce pollution but also provides opportunities for economic development.”可知，新能源发展既能带来环境效益（减少污染），又能带来经济效益，D选项正确。A选项与文中提到的“building dams may have some impacts on the environment”相悖，说明水电是有负面影响的；B选项说新能源很快会完全取代传统能源过于绝对，文中未提及；C选项与“Many countries are investing a lot of money in new energy research and development”不符，说明很多国家是关注新能源发展的。 5. 答案：A 解析：作者意图题。文章介绍了太阳能、风能、水能等不同类型的新能源以及它们各自的特点，A选项正确。B选项文章没有明确告诉人们停止使用传统能源；C选项文章未表明新能源开发困难；D选项文章不仅比较了新能源与传统能源，重点还是在介绍新能源，所以该选项不准确。 (三) 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The push towards NEVs is mainly driven by two key factors: environmental concerns and the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.”可知，新能源汽车发展的两个主要原因是环境问题以及减少对化石燃料的依赖，所以答案选B。A选项“高速和低成本”、C选项“好的外观和大空间”、D选项“易于维护和长途驾驶”在文中均未提及。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。从文章第二段“BEVs have several advantages. For example, they produce zero tailpipe emissions, which is extremely beneficial for improving air quality in urban areas.”可知，纯电动汽车（BEVs）的一个显著优势是产生零尾气排放，C选项正确。A选项“它们有持久的内燃机”错误，BEVs依靠电动机驱动，没有内燃机；B选项“它们可以使用电力和传统燃料运行”描述的是插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）；D选项“它们不需要定期充电”与事实不符，BEVs依靠电池供电，需要定期充电。 3. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。结合文章内容，“range anxiety”前文提到插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）的特点能让驾驶者在短途使用电力，长途使用传统燃料，缓解了纯电动汽车（BEV）车主面临的问题，这里“range”指的是电动汽车的续航里程，所以“range anxiety”意思是对电动汽车有限行驶距离的担忧，A选项正确。B选项“对电动汽车高速驾驶的恐惧”、C选项“对电动汽车高成本的担忧”、D选项“对电动汽车复杂充电过程的焦虑”均不符合语境。 4. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However, the development of FCVs faces some challenges. One major issue is the lack of a widespread hydrogen - refueling infrastructure.”可知，氢燃料电池汽车（FCVs）发展面临的一个挑战是缺乏广泛的加氢基础设施，C选项正确。A选项“燃料电池的高成本”、B选项“生产氢气的困难”、D选项“储氢罐占用空间大”在文中均未提及。 5. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段“Despite these challenges, the future of new - energy vehicles looks promising. As technology continues to improve and costs decline, NEVs are likely to become an even more dominant force in the automotive market.”表明，尽管新能源汽车面临挑战，但随着技术进步和成本下降，它们在汽车市场将发挥更重要的作用，D选项正确。A选项“新能源汽车未来无法取代传统汽车”过于绝对，文中未明确表示；B选项“政府的激励措施对新能源汽车的推广没有影响”与“Governments around the world are offering various incentives... to encourage the adoption of NEVs.”不符；C选项“新能源汽车的成本未来将持续上升”与“costs decline”相悖。 （四） 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二句“With growing environmental concerns and the search for sustainable resources, new energy like solar, wind, and hydro power has stepped into the spotlight.”可知，新能源受到更多关注是因为环境问题和对可持续资源的追求，所以选B。A选项新能源比传统能源便宜在文中未提及；C选项新能源比其他能源更容易生产也未提及；D选项新能源能在更多地方使用文中也未提到。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。从文章第三句“This not only cuts down on pollution but also saves money for homeowners in the long run as they may lower their electricity bills.”可知，太阳能从长远来看能帮助房主节省电费，C选项正确。A选项与原文降低电费不符；B选项文中未提及使房子更美观；D选项提供免费水也未在文中出现。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三句“The initial cost of setting up solar panels or wind turbines is high.”可知，新能源面临的一个挑战是初始设置成本高，B选项正确。A选项新能源是清洁能源；C选项新能源可在很多地方使用；D选项新能源对环境影响小，且这不是面临的挑战。 4. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。结合文章内容，太阳能和风能会因天气等因素有时能发电有时不能，所以是“间歇的”，C选项正确。A、B、D选项不符合文意。 5. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。文章既提到了新能源的好处，如环保、省钱等，也提到了挑战，但最后表明新能源正让人类生活变得更好，促进可持续未来，C选项正确。A选项新能源优点多于缺点；B选项新能源对可持续未来很重要；D选项不能因成本高就停止使用新能源，且新能源有诸多好处。 （五） 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章首段“Driven by government policies, technological innovation, and a large domestic market, China has become a global leader in this field.”可知，中国新能源汽车产业发展得益于政府政策、技术创新和庞大的国内市场，B选项正确。A、C、D选项表述片面。 2. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。从文中“The Chinese government has implemented a series of supportive policies, such as subsidies and preferential purchase policies.”可知，政府通过补贴和优惠购车政策支持新能源汽车产业，B选项正确。A选项增加税收、C选项限制生产、D选项减少投资均与原文不符。 3. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。结合语境“Technologically, Chinese companies have made great strides in battery technology, improving energy density and reducing costs.”，后文提到提高能量密度和降低成本，说明是在电池技术方面取得了积极进展，“made great strides”意思是“取得巨大进步”，A选项正确。 4. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。依据“Domestic brands face competition not only from each other but also from international automakers entering the Chinese market.”可知，国内新能源汽车品牌既要与国内其他品牌竞争，也要与进入中国市场的国际汽车制造商竞争，C选项正确。A、B选项不全面，D选项与原文不符。 5. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。文章最后“Despite the challenges, with its strong manufacturing base and innovative spirit, China’s NEV industry is well - positioned for further growth on the global stage.”表明，尽管面临挑战，但凭借自身优势，中国新能源汽车产业在全球舞台上有良好的发展前景，C选项正确。A选项不会因竞争停止发展；B选项未来仍会面临挑战；D选项与在全球处于领先地位相悖。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$