Unit 4 Exploring poetry 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语译林版2020选择必修第一册

Unit 4 Exploring poetry教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．He explains every problem to his students with great (patient). 2．The two reports presented (contradict) findings, leaving us confused about the true situation. 3．The company is (constant) innovating, and its latest product is expected to be more profitable than its previous ones. 4．You work hard on your lessons and your efforts (reward) with success in the end. 5．This device helps make virtual (real) a more usable and accessible technology. \ 6．Even as a young man, he (perceive) as a future chief executive since last year. 7．Set some time to write every day, even if it is only five minutes. 8．Many workmates consider the manager’s idea to be of (logical) and construction. 9．Cultivating a plant in space is just one part of a (complex)and larger effort. 10．Father dug an old coin in the garden. 11．I didn’t accept the job because it was badly paid and aside that, it wasn’t very interesting. 12．Dr. Lin Qiaozhi showed great kindness by (admit) many poor patients for free in her hospital. 13．So he remained (stand) upright, and since he was tired, he yawned. 14．As a leading (novel), Tom has got a lot of attention and is enjoying a good reputation. 15．The accident serves as a warning to all wilderness lovers about the potential dangers that can lead to (bite) by poisonous insects in the wild. 16． (greet) by the familiar smell of freshly-baked bread in the kitchen, he was instantly transported back to his childhood mornings in that old house. 17．You should postpone (make) a decision until you have more information. 18． (admit) to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement. 19．You could (claim) the cost of the hotel room from your insurance, but you didn’t. 20．She sighed despair at the thought of all the opportunities she had missed. 21．It is (believe) that the house was built in 1735. 22．She (undergo) an operation in her left lung last year. 23．We hope to break soon in the fight against the disease. 24．Though (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to go into the house that was falling to the ground. 25．The car had (undergo)major repair before this accident. 26．It is belief that his aunt, an 80-year-old lady, can sing and dance so wonderfully. 27． is my belief that music is something that everybody likes and enjoys. 28．It is widely acknowledged that we Chinese are global citizens interested in world (stable). 29． (represent) from 40 countries were present at the climate summit in Stockholm, Sweden. 30． (fascinate) by the band’s amazing performance, the audience started to clap their hands to the music. 31．The building’s modern style stands in (strike) contrast to the surrounding neighborhood. 32．As a (represent) of the students, I would like to extend my thanks to all our teachers, parents and families. 33．When it was his turn, he felt so shy that he (dare not) to say a word. 34．They flew in over the beach, (cast) a huge shadow. 35．Training hard together for over a year, the team finally achieved a (glory) victory in the world championship. 36．The poem (entitle) “The Road Not Taken” is considered one of Robert Frost’s most popular works. 37．The twins were so much alike that I have difficulty (distinguish) one from the other. 38．Even worse, my surroundings were difficult (tolerate). 39．I think we owe it to our future generations (protect) the environment. 40． (encounter) a frightening beast on the way to the market the other day, the servant fled with her heart beating wildly. 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．My grandmother always says a good deed is its own (回报；奖励). 2．The new sensor can (发现) even the slightest movement in the dark. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．During the fast-paced lecture, it was challenging to (掌握) all the main ideas, so I focused on taking clear notes to review later. 4．The key to his success is his (合乎逻辑的) mind. 5．The r desert is accessible only by helicopter. ( 6．The (复杂的) structure of the novel reflects the chaotic emotions of its protagonist. 7．Children who do badly in school tests often (看待) themselves to be failures. 8．Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with p . 9．He made a lot of efforts in order to make his dream a (现实). 10．The teacher taught his students how to identify (押韵) words in a poem. 11．What he did was c to what he had promised. He lost our trust. 12．The teacher gave the students a c to help them solve the difficult math problem. 13．But in 2022, the whale was unexpectedly d (探测) in the Indian Ocean near Zanzibar, off the coast of East Africa. 14．Online schools make it possible for children in r (偏远的) areas to enjoy the same high-quality education as those in developed areas. 15．It’s important to d (区分) between fact and opinion when evaluating information. 16．True friendship requires that friends t each other’s shortcomings as they grow together. 17．She couldn’t t loud noises, so she always wore earplugs in crowded places. 18．I can’t (忍受) his constant lateness any longer, it’s disrespectful to the team. 19．More than 200 (代表) from different countries took part in the conference. 20．There is a s (显著的) contrast between the past and the present. 三、完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．等了一小时公交后，她失去了耐心。 She after waiting for the bus for an hour. 2．They stared back, as to what they would say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。 3．我很乐意带你参观北京，以回报你的慷慨相助。 I’m more than delighted to show you around Beijing you for your generous help. 4．我抑制不住内心的喜悦，蹦蹦跳跳地进了家门。 I couldn’t and jumped into the house. 5．虽然我很忙，我每天留出一个小时内锻炼。 Busy as I am, I an hour every day for exercise. 6．经过数周的努力，历史学家们已经挖掘出了证据，帮助解开这个百年之谜。 With weeks of efforts, the historians have evidence to help solve the century-old mystery. 7．大学生在毕业后想找一个好工作时，不应该追求超出他们能力以外的目标。 College students shouldn’t try to pursue what is when they choose to find a job after graduation. 8．只要你幸福，这就是最重要的事情。 , that’s all that matters. 9．尽管网络有很大帮助，但不要在上面花费太多时间。 , don’t spend too much time on it. 10．可以肯定的是，他们仍面临着将这种潜力变为现实的挑战。 It is certain that they are still facing the challenge of . 11．出院那天，他泪眼模糊地拥抱着我说，“你是个真正的好护士，谢谢你。” The day he left hospital, he hugged me, , saying，“You are a truly good nurse, thank you.” 12．女儿正在挖掘新的证据来证明她父亲的清白。 The daughter is new evidence to prove her father’s innocence. 13．借款人应当慎重考虑之后再行借贷。 Borrowers should think carefully before . 14．       some workers in the factory are working 60 hours a week. 据说这个工厂有些工人每周工作60个小时。 15．即使他每天没有多少闲暇时间，他依然保持着经常锻炼的习惯。 He keeps a habit of taking regular exercise, much spare time every day. 16．听说自己终于通过了驾照考试，这位老太太松了口气。 Hearing that she had eventually passed the driving test, the old woman . 17．尽管容易觉察学生什么时候无聊，什么时候分心，但要分辨学生何时有困扰却难得多。 it is easy to when students are bored or distracted, is much harder to when they are troubled. 18．我们不得不忍受交通拥挤所带来的不便。 (一句多译) ①We had to the inconvenience of the heavy traffic. ②We had to the inconvenience of the heavy traffic. ③With heavy traffic, we had to the inconvenience. 19．她的表演非常引人注目，她赢得了很多追随者。 Her was so that she won a lot of followers. 20．这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。你看过这些电影吗? (representative) These pictures ink wash animation films. Have you seen any of them before? ( 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Exploring poetry教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．He explains every problem to his students with great (patient). 【答案】patience 【详解】考查名词。句意：他耐心地向学生解释每一个问题。great为形容词修饰名词，故填名词patience。 2．The two reports presented (contradict) findings, leaving us confused about the true situation. 【答案】contradictory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这两份报告提出了相互矛盾的结论，使我们对真实情况感到困惑。修饰名词findings，应用形容词contradictory，作定语。故填contradictory。 3．The company is (constant) innovating, and its latest product is expected to be more profitable than its previous ones. 【答案】constantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：这家公司一直在不断创新，预计其最新产品将比之前的产品更具盈利性。修饰动词innovating，应用副词constantly。故填constantly。 4．You work hard on your lessons and your efforts (reward) with success in the end. 【答案】will be rewarded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：你努力学习功课，你的努力最终会得到成功的回报。主语efforts与谓语构成被动关系，且动作发生在将来，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be rewarded。 5．This device helps make virtual (real) a more usable and accessible technology. \ 【答案】reality 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个设备有助于使虚拟现实成为一种更可用和更容易获得的技术。根据“make virtual”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，virtual reality表示“虚拟现实”，不可数，符合句意。故填reality。 6．Even as a young man, he (perceive) as a future chief executive since last year. 【答案】has been perceived 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从去年开始，即使他还是个年轻人，他就被认为是未来的首席执行官。perceive(认为)是谓语动词，与主语he之间是被动关系，结合时间状语since last year可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时态，又因主语是he第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式。故填has been perceived。 7．Set some time to write every day, even if it is only five minutes. 【答案】aside 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每天留出一些时间来写作，即使只有五分钟。由“some time to write every day, even if it is only five minutes”可知，句子表示“每天留出一些时间来写作，即使只有五分钟”，set aside是固定短语，意为“留出”，因此空格处是aside。故填aside。 8．Many workmates consider the manager’s idea to be of (logical) and construction. 【答案】logicality 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多同事认为经理的想法很有逻辑性，很有条理。设空处作介词to的宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填logicality。 9．Cultivating a plant in space is just one part of a (complex)and larger effort. 【答案】more complex 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在太空中种植植物只是一项更复杂和更大努力的一部分，根据上文“ Cultivating a plant in space(在太空中种植植物)”以及“ larger”可知，此处是把在太空种植植物和在地球上种植植物进行比较，应用形容词的比较级。故填 more complex。 10．Father dug an old coin in the garden. 【答案】up 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：父亲在花园里挖出一枚旧硬币。dig up“挖掘出，掘起”，固定短语，故填up。 11．I didn’t accept the job because it was badly paid and aside that, it wasn’t very interesting. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：我没有接受这份工作，因为它的薪水很低，除此之外，它也不是很有趣。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语aside from意为“除了……还，此外”。故填from 12．Dr. Lin Qiaozhi showed great kindness by (admit) many poor patients for free in her hospital. 【答案】admitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：林巧稚医生在她的医院里收治了很多贫困患者，展现了极大的仁慈。空处在介词by后，需要填入动名词介词宾语。故填admitting。 13．So he remained (stand) upright, and since he was tired, he yawned. 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：于是他依旧笔直地站着，由于疲惫不堪，他打了个哈欠。此处现在分词作表语，强调动作的持续性。故填standing。 14．As a leading (novel), Tom has got a lot of attention and is enjoying a good reputation. 【答案】novelist 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名顶尖的小说家，汤姆备受关注且享有良好声誉。空处作宾语，需用名词形式，表示“小说家”应用novelist，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填novelist。 15．The accident serves as a warning to all wilderness lovers about the potential dangers that can lead to (bite) by poisonous insects in the wild. 【答案】being bitten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这起事故给所有野外爱好者敲响了警钟，提醒他们野外可能存在被毒虫叮咬的危险。that引导的定语从句的谓语为can lead to，此处为非谓语动词，lead to中的to为介词，且bite“叮，咬”和其逻辑主语all wilderness lovers之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式being bitten，作宾语。故填being bitten。 16． (greet) by the familiar smell of freshly-baked bread in the kitchen, he was instantly transported back to his childhood mornings in that old house. 【答案】Greeted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：闻到厨房里新鲜出炉的面包熟悉的味道，他立刻回到了童年时在那所老房子里度过的早晨。句中谓语是was instantly transported，空格处用非谓语动词，greet与逻辑主语she之间为被动关系，空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Greeted。 17．You should postpone (make) a decision until you have more information. 【答案】making 【详解】考查动名词。句意：你应该等到掌握了更多的信息再做决定。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语postpone doing sth“推迟做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填making。 18． (admit) to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement. 【答案】Being admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被顶尖大学录取让他获得了极大的成就感。空格处需填主语，而“____ to the top university”是整个句子的主语部分。动词admit不能直接作主语，需转化为动名词形式，“被顶尖大学录取”应使用被动语态，即be admitted，用动名词被动形式being admitted作主语，首字母大写。故填Being admitted。 19．You could (claim) the cost of the hotel room from your insurance, but you didn’t. 【答案】have claimed 【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：你本可以从你的保险中索取旅馆住房费，但是你没有。根据“but you didn’t”可知此句表示“本可以做某事，但实际上没做”，应用could have done结构，故填have claimed。 20．She sighed despair at the thought of all the opportunities she had missed. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：一想到自己错过了那么多机会，她就绝望地叹了口气。根据“at the thought of all the opportunities she had missed”可知，此处指想到这个而绝望地叹气，应用固定搭配with despair表示“绝望地”。故填with。 21．It is (believe) that the house was built in 1735. 【答案】believed 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：据信这座房子建于1735年。分析句子结构，It is believed that为固定短语，含义为“据信；人们认为”，符合句意，故填believed。 22．She (undergo) an operation in her left lung last year. 【答案】underwent 【详解】考查时态。句意：去年她做了左肺手术。分析句子结构，根据时间状语“last year(去年)”可知句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填underwent。 23．We hope to break soon in the fight against the disease. 【答案】through 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们希望在与这种疾病的斗争中很快取得突破。根据后文in the fight against the disease表示“取得突破”可知短语为break through。故填through。 24．Though (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to go into the house that was falling to the ground. 【答案】told 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：尽管被告知有危险，他仍然冒着生命危险进入那座即将倒塌的房子。分析句子可知，此处用了Though引导让步状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此同时省略了主语和be动词，tell“告知”和被省略的主语he之间是被动关系，应用tell的过去分词形式told。故填told。 25．The car had (undergo)major repair before this accident. 【答案】undergone 【详解】考查动词。句意：在这次事故发生之前，这辆汽车进行了大修。作谓语，应用动词undergo，结合had可知为过去完成时。故填undergone。 26．It is belief that his aunt, an 80-year-old lady, can sing and dance so wonderfully. 【答案】beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：令人难以置信的是，他的姑姑，一位80岁的老太太，能如此精彩地唱歌跳舞。分析句子结构，be beyond belief为固定短语，含义为“令人难以置信”，符合句意，故填beyond。 27． is my belief that music is something that everybody likes and enjoys. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it用法。句意：我相信音乐是每个人都喜欢和欣赏的东西。此处为句型it be+n.+that从句，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，首字母大写。故填It。 28．It is widely acknowledged that we Chinese are global citizens interested in world (stable). 【答案】stability 【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，我们中国人是关心世界稳定的世界公民。空处应填名词stability作in的宾语，不可数，故填stability。 29． (represent) from 40 countries were present at the climate summit in Stockholm, Sweden. 【答案】Representatives 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：来自40个国家的代表出席了在瑞典斯德哥尔摩举行的气候峰会。根据from 40 countries可知，此处指多个国家的代表出席峰会，应用represent的名词复数形式representatives作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Representatives。 30． (fascinate) by the band’s amazing performance, the audience started to clap their hands to the music. 【答案】Fascinated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被乐队精彩的表演所吸引，观众开始随着音乐鼓掌。此处为非谓语动词作状语，fascinate意为“使着迷”与逻辑主语 the audience之间为被动关系，因此用形容词化的过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Fascinated。 31．The building’s modern style stands in (strike) contrast to the surrounding neighborhood. 【答案】striking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这座建筑的现代风格与周围社区形成鲜明对比。strike的形容词形式是 “striking”，表示 “显著的；引人注目的”作定语，修饰名词contrast。故填striking。 32．As a (represent) of the students, I would like to extend my thanks to all our teachers, parents and families. 【答案】representative 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为学生的代表，我要向所有的老师、家长和家人表示感谢。此处作介词宾语，应用名词representative“代表”，空前有不定冠词，应用单数形式。故填representative。 33．When it was his turn, he felt so shy that he (dare not) to say a word. 【答案】didn’t dare 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当轮到他时，他感到如此害羞以至于不敢说一句话。根据句中 was 提示，本句描述过去所发生的事情，用一般过去时。此处dare为实义动词，dare to do意为“敢于去做某事”，此处构成一般过去时的否定结构。故填didn’t dare。 34．They flew in over the beach, (cast) a huge shadow. 【答案】casting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们飞到海滩上空，投下一大片阴影。句子已有谓语动词flew，动词cast“投射”用作非谓语形式，描述伴随状况，与逻辑主语They是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式casting作状语。故填casting。 35．Training hard together for over a year, the team finally achieved a (glory) victory in the world championship. 【答案】glorious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一起刻苦训练了一年多后，这支球队终于在世界冠军赛中取得了辉煌的胜利。提示词修饰名词victory，用形容词glorious作定语，表示“辉煌的”。故填glorious。 36．The poem (entitle) “The Road Not Taken” is considered one of Robert Frost’s most popular works. 【答案】entitled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这首题为《未走的路》的诗被认为是罗伯特·弗罗斯特最受欢迎的作品之一。is considered为本句的谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词the poem，作后置定语，动词entitle和名词The poem之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填entitled。 37．The twins were so much alike that I have difficulty (distinguish) one from the other. 【答案】distinguishing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这对双胞胎长得太像了，我很难区分谁是谁。短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，空处应用distinguish“区分”的动名词形式，作宾语，短语distinguish A from B意为“区分A和B”。故填distinguishing。 38．Even worse, my surroundings were difficult (tolerate). 【答案】 to tolerate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，我周围的环境很难忍受。根据空前“were difficult”可知，空处应用所给词tolerate“容忍”的不定式形式to tolerate，构成“be + 形容词 + to do ”的结构，表示该事物具有某种特质或倾向性。故填to tolerate。 39．I think we owe it to our future generations (protect) the environment. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我认为为了我们的后代，我们有责任保护环境。owe it to sb to do sth为固定短语，意思为：该为某人做某事，空处填写不定式结构to protect。故填to protect。 40． (encounter) a frightening beast on the way to the market the other day, the servant fled with her heart beating wildly. 【答案】Encountering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：前几天在去集市的路上遇到了一头可怕的野兽，仆人心跳加速地逃跑了。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词。主语the servant与动词encounter之间存在主动关系，应使用现在分词，作状语。故填Encountering。 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．My grandmother always says a good deed is its own (回报；奖励). 【答案】reward 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的祖母总是说，做好事本身就是一种回报。根据汉语提示可知用名词reward，作表语。故填reward。 2．The new sensor can (发现) even the slightest movement in the dark. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】detect 【详解】考查动词。句意：这种新型传感器在黑暗中也能发现极其微小的运动。根据汉语提示，并结合句子主语“The new sensor(新的传感器)”以及句意可推知，应是动词“detect”，意思是“发现、察觉、检测”，特别适用于仪器或传感器。在句中“can detect”作谓语。故填detect。 3．During the fast-paced lecture, it was challenging to (掌握) all the main ideas, so I focused on taking clear notes to review later. 【答案】grasp 【详解】考查动词。句意：在节奏很快的讲座中，要掌握所有的主要观点很有挑战性，所以我集中精力做好清晰的笔记以便之后复习。根据汉语提示“掌握”，此处应用动词grasp，且“it is +形容词+ to do sth.”为固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以这里用动词原形grasp。故填grasp。 4．The key to his success is his (合乎逻辑的) mind. 【答案】logical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他成功的关键是他合乎逻辑的思维。根据汉语提示“合乎逻辑的”可知，空格处应用单词“logical”，意为“合乎逻辑的”，为形容词，作定语。故填logical。 5．The r desert is accessible only by helicopter. ( 【答案】remote/emote 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有直升机才能到达这片偏远的沙漠。根据单词首字母以及句意“偏远的”可知，空格处应用单词“remote”，意为“偏远的”，为形容词，作定语。故填remote。 6．The (复杂的) structure of the novel reflects the chaotic emotions of its protagonist. 【答案】complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：小说的复杂结构反映了主人公混乱的情绪。根据所给汉语提示“复杂的”可知，此处应用形容词complex在句中作定语，修饰名词structure，故填complex。 7．Children who do badly in school tests often (看待) themselves to be failures. 【答案】perceive 【详解】考查动词。句意：在学校考试中表现不佳的孩子往往会认为自己是个失败者。根据汉语提示可知用动词perceive，根据上文often可知为一般现在时，主语为Children，谓语用原形。故填perceive。 8．Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with p . 【答案】patience/atience 【详解】考查名词。句意：每当我犯错时，老师都会耐心地指出它们。此处为名词作介词with的宾语，根据句意和提示的首字母“p”可知，此处应为名词patience意为“耐心”，with patience为固定搭配，意为“耐心地”。故填patience。 9．He made a lot of efforts in order to make his dream a (现实). 【答案】reality 【详解】考查名词。句意：他付出了大量的努力，以期将自己的梦想变为现实。根据汉语提示可知用单数名词reality，作宾语，故填reality。 10．The teacher taught his students how to identify (押韵) words in a poem. 【答案】rhyming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师教他的学生如何识别诗歌中的押韵词。“押韵”用动词rhyme表示，作定语，应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语words之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填rhyming。 11．What he did was c to what he had promised. He lost our trust. 【答案】contrary/ontrary/contradictory/ontradictory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的行为与他的承诺相反/相矛盾。他失去了我们的信任。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用形容词“contrary相反的”或“contradictory相矛盾的”作表语，故填contrary/contradictory。 12．The teacher gave the students a c to help them solve the difficult math problem. 【答案】clue/lue 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师给了学生们一个线索来帮助他们解决这道数学难题。结合首字母和句意可知，名词clue (线索/提示)最符合语境，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填clue。 13．But in 2022, the whale was unexpectedly d (探测) in the Indian Ocean near Zanzibar, off the coast of East Africa. 【答案】detected/etected 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：但2022年，这头鲸鱼却意外地在东非海岸外的桑给巴尔附近印度洋海域被探测到。根据汉语提示“探测”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词detect，the whale和detect为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词was，空处需填过去分词。故填detected。 14．Online schools make it possible for children in r (偏远的) areas to enjoy the same high-quality education as those in developed areas. 【答案】remote/emote 【详解】考查形容词。句意：网络学校使偏远地区的孩子能够享受到与发达地区相同的高质量教育。表示“偏远的”使用形容词remote，作定语修饰名词areas，故填remote。 15．It’s important to d (区分) between fact and opinion when evaluating information. 【答案】distinguish/istinguish 【详解】考查动词。句意：在评估信息时，区分事实和观点是很重要的。根据句意及中英文提示可知，此处使用动词distinguish，固定句型it is important to do sth.“做某事很重要”，to为不定式符号，空处需填动词原形。故填distinguish。 16．True friendship requires that friends t each other’s shortcomings as they grow together. 【答案】tolerate/olerate 【详解】考查动词。句意：真正的友谊要求朋友在共同成长的过程中容忍彼此的缺点。根据单词首字母以及句意“容忍”可知，空格处涉及单词“tolerate”，意为“容忍”，动词词性，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“friends”后接动词原形。故填tolerate。 17．She couldn’t t loud noises, so she always wore earplugs in crowded places. 【答案】tolerate/olerate 【详解】考查动词。句意：她无法忍受巨大的噪音，所以在拥挤的地方总是戴着耳塞。根据首字母“t”和语境可知，此处应用动词tolerate表示“忍受，容忍”，且情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形。故填tolerate。 18．I can’t (忍受) his constant lateness any longer, it’s disrespectful to the team. 【答案】tolerate 【详解】考查动词。句意：我再也无法忍受他总是迟到了，这是对团队的不尊重。“忍受”用动词tolerate表示，情态动词后用动词原形。故填tolerate。 19．More than 200 (代表) from different countries took part in the conference. 【答案】representatives 【详解】考查名词。句意：来自不同国家的200多名代表参加了会议。根据汉语提示可知是名词representative，可数名词，前面有More than 200修饰，应用复数形式，作主语，故填representatives。 20．There is a s (显著的) contrast between the past and the present. 【答案】striking/triking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：过去和现在有明显的对比。名词contrast前用形容词修饰。根据中英文提示及句意，形容词“显著的”英文为striking。故填striking。 三、完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．等了一小时公交后，她失去了耐心。 She after waiting for the bus for an hour. 【答案】 ran out of patience 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。中英文对比可知，空格处缺少“失去了耐心”，谓语动词“失去”应用动词短语run out of，“耐心”用名词patience作宾语，根据“after waiting for the bus for an hour”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，run的过去式为ran。故填ran out of patience。 2．They stared back, as to what they would say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。 【答案】their blank faces giving no clue 【详解】考查独立主格。根据句意和给的句式结构，They stared back为句子的主干部分，且该句中没有连词，故后半部分应用独立主格结构。their blank faces表示“他们面无表情的脸”，作独立主格结构中的逻辑主语；give no clue表示“没有提供线索”，give与其逻辑主语their blank faces构成主动关系，因此要用现在分词giving。故填their blank faces giving no clue。 3．我很乐意带你参观北京，以回报你的慷慨相助。 I’m more than delighted to show you around Beijing you for your generous help. 【答案】 to reward 【详解】考查动词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“回报”应用reward，为动词，在本句中作非谓语，再由句意可知，这里应用不定式形式作目的状语。故填to reward。 4．我抑制不住内心的喜悦，蹦蹦跳跳地进了家门。 I couldn’t and jumped into the house. 【答案】contain my inner joy 【详解】考查短语。“抑制某人的喜悦”用短语contain one’s joy。“内心的”用形容词inner。情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形。根据句意，故填contain my inner joy。 5．虽然我很忙，我每天留出一个小时内锻炼。 Busy as I am, I an hour every day for exercise. 【答案】 set aside 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“留出（时间）”用set aside，根据an hour every day可知，本句描述经常或习惯性动作，时态用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用动词原形。故填：set aside。 6．经过数周的努力，历史学家们已经挖掘出了证据，帮助解开这个百年之谜。 With weeks of efforts, the historians have evidence to help solve the century-old mystery. 【答案】 dug up 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“挖掘出”用dig up，此处用过去分词，与空前的have构成现在完成时，表示已经完成的动作。故填：dug up。 7．大学生在毕业后想找一个好工作时，不应该追求超出他们能力以外的目标。 College students shouldn’t try to pursue what is when they choose to find a job after graduation. 【答案】 beyond their grasp 【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为介词短语beyond one’s grasp“超出某人的能力范围”，满足句意要求。故分别填beyond；their；grasp。 8．只要你幸福，这就是最重要的事情。 , that’s all that matters. 【答案】As long as you’re happy 【详解】考查状语从句。结合句意及主句时态可知，此处使用一般现在时，表示“只要”用as long as，此处引导的是条件状语从句，表示“你幸福”用you are happy。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填As long as you’re happy。 9．尽管网络有很大帮助，但不要在上面花费太多时间。 , don’t spend too much time on it. 【答案】While the Internet is of great help 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“尽管”用while，此处引导的是让步状语从句，表示“互联网”用the Internet，表示“有很大帮助”使用be of great help，此处表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时。同时，该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填While the Internet is of great help。 10．可以肯定的是，他们仍面临着将这种潜力变为现实的挑战。 It is certain that they are still facing the challenge of . 【答案】turning this potential into reality 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“把……变成……”用turn...into...，设空处置于介词of之后，故使用动名词作宾语。表示“这种潜力”用this potential；表示“现实”用reality。故答案为turning this potential into reality。 11．出院那天，他泪眼模糊地拥抱着我说，“你是个真正的好护士，谢谢你。” The day he left hospital, he hugged me, , saying，“You are a truly good nurse, thank you.” 【答案】his eyes misting with tears 【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“他泪眼模糊地”，也就是“他的眼睛因为眼泪而模糊”，“他的眼睛”是his eyes，“因为眼泪而模糊”是mist with tears，句中谓语是hugged，空格处动词用非谓语形式，eyes和mist之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词misting表主动，因此空格处是his eyes misting with tears。故填his eyes misting with tears。 12．女儿正在挖掘新的证据来证明她父亲的清白。 The daughter is new evidence to prove her father’s innocence. 【答案】 digging up 【详解】考查动词的时态和固定短语。分析句意再根据is可知，本句的时态为现在进行时，表示“挖掘”可用短语dig up，且用短语的现在分词形式digging up与空格前的be动词is构成现在进行时。故填①digging②up。 13．借款人应当慎重考虑之后再行借贷。 Borrowers should think carefully before . 【答案】 taking out a loan 【详解】考查短语及非谓语。“借贷”常用短语take out a loan 。before为介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式，故填taking out a loan。 14．       some workers in the factory are working 60 hours a week. 据说这个工厂有些工人每周工作60个小时。 【答案】 It’s claimed that 【详解】考查固定句型。“据说……”可用固定句型“It’s claimed that...”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，句中描述一般性事实用一般现在时态。故填It’s；claimed；that。 15．即使他每天没有多少闲暇时间，他依然保持着经常锻炼的习惯。 He keeps a habit of taking regular exercise, much spare time every day. 【答案】even if he doesn't have 【详解】考查连词和时态。根据句意可知，句子在陈述事实，为一般现在时。设空处应填入表示“即使”的连词even if ，引导让步状语从句；从句的主语是he，谓语动词是doesn’t have，表示他没有多少闲暇时间。故填：even if he doesn’t have。 16．听说自己终于通过了驾照考试，这位老太太松了口气。 Hearing that she had eventually passed the driving test, the old woman . 【答案】 sighed in/with relief 【详解】考查动词和介词短语。空处表示“松了口气”，使用动词短语sigh in/with relief，结合句意及从句中she had eventually passed the driving test可知，主句应用一般过去时，故填①sighed②in/with③relief。 17．尽管容易觉察学生什么时候无聊，什么时候分心，但要分辨学生何时有困扰却难得多。 it is easy to when students are bored or distracted, is much harder to when they are troubled. 【答案】 While perceive it distinguish 【详解】考查连词、动词和代词。表示 “尽管”，用连词while，引导让步状语从句；“觉察”用动词perceive，不定式to后接动词原形；“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是一个常用句型，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；“分辨”用动词distinguish，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。根据句意，故填While; perceive; it; distinguish。 18．我们不得不忍受交通拥挤所带来的不便。 (一句多译) ①We had to the inconvenience of the heavy traffic. ②We had to the inconvenience of the heavy traffic. ③With heavy traffic, we had to the inconvenience. 【答案】 put up with bear/stand tolerate 【详解】考查动词短语和动词。空处应填动词原形，表示“忍受”应用动词短语put up with或者动词tolerate/bear/stand，故空①填put up with，空②填bear/stand，空③填tolerate。 19．她的表演非常引人注目，她赢得了很多追随者。 Her was so that she won a lot of followers. 【答案】 performance striking 【详解】考查名词和形容词。根据中英文提示，空一为performance“表演”，作主语，由was可知，用单数，空②“引人注目的”，此处为形容词作表语，striking 意为“引人注目的”。故填①performance；②striking。 20．这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。你看过这些电影吗? (representative) These pictures ink wash animation films. Have you seen any of them before? 【答案】are representative of 【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和形容词。根据汉语提示，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“……的代表”用固定搭配be representative of，representative“有代表性的”是形容词作表语；句子的主语为these pictures，是复数，所以be动词应该用are。故填are representative of。 ( 6 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$