Unit 5 Play by the rules？期末派生法背记单词 2025-2026学年外研版（2024）八年级英语上册

外研版八上 Unit 5 Play by the rules?期末派生法背记单词 序号 原词 例句 派生词 派生词 1 opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/ prep. 在……的对面 The bank is opposite the park. 银行在公园对面。 opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adj. 相反的；n. 反义词 We walked in the opposite direction. 我们朝相反的方向走。“Up” is the opposite of “down”. “上”是“下”的反义词。 2 packet /ˈpækɪt/ n.（装商品的）小包，小盒 I bought a packet of candy. 我买了一小包糖果。 pack /pæk/ v. 打包，包装 She helped me pack my clothes. 她帮我打包衣服。 3 picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n. 野餐 We will have a picnic this Sunday. 我们这周日要去野餐。 picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ v. 去野餐 They often picnic by the lake. 他们经常在湖边野餐。 4 smelly /ˈsmeli/ adj. 有臭味的 The smelly socks need washing. 臭袜子需要洗了。 smell /smel/ n. 气味；v. 闻 The flower has a sweet smell. 这朵花有甜甜的气味。Smell the soup, please. 请闻闻这汤。 5 noise /nɔɪz/ n. 噪声；嘈杂声 The noise woke me up. 噪音把我吵醒了。 noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ adj. 吵闹的noisily /ˈnɔɪzɪli/ adv. 吵闹地 The classroom is noisy. 教室很吵闹。The children are talking noisily. 孩子们在吵闹地说话。 6 reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 缩小；减少 We need to reduce waste. 我们需要减少浪费。 reduction /rɪˈdʌkʃn/ n. 减少reduced /rɪˈdjuːst/ adj. 减少的 There is a reduction in prices. 价格有所下降。We drive at a reduced speed. 我们减速行驶。 7 kick /kɪk/ v. 踢 He kicked the ball into the goal. 他把球踢进了球门。 kick /kɪk/ n. 踢 He gave the ball a strong kick. 他用力踢了一下球。 8 seat /siːt/ n. 座，座位 Please take your seat. 请就座。 seat /siːt/ v. 使就座 Seat yourself by the window. 请坐在窗边。 9 passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə/ n. 乘客，旅客 There are many passengers on the bus. 公交车上有很多乘客。 pass /pɑːs/ v. 通过 She passed the English exam. 她通过了英语考试。 10 anything /ˈeniθɪŋ/ pron. 任何事物都（没有） I can't see anything in the dark. 黑暗中我什么也看不见。 合成词分解：any /ˈeni/ det. 任何；thing /θɪŋ/ n. 事物 Is there anything to eat? 有什么吃的吗？ 11 fool /fuːl/ n. 蠢人，傻子 Don't be a fool. 别傻了。 foolish /ˈfuːlɪʃ/ adj. 愚蠢的fool /fuːl/ v. 愚弄 It's foolish to run in the rain. 下雨天跑步很愚蠢。He didn't mean to fool you. 他不是故意要愚弄你。 12 sign /saɪn/ n. 标记；指示牌 Look at the sign: “No parking”. 看那个指示牌：“禁止停车”。 sign /saɪn/ v. 签名；做标记signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号 Please sign your name here. 请在这里签名。The traffic signal turned red. 交通信号灯变红了。 13 responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任 It's our responsibility to keep clean. 保持整洁是我们的责任。 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责任的respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 回应 He is a responsible student. 他是个负责任的学生。Please respond to my question. 请回答我的问题。 14 cause /kɔːz/ n. 起因，原因 What's the cause of the fire? 火灾的起因是什么？ cause /kɔːz/ v. 导致 Carelessness caused the accident. 粗心导致了这场事故。 15 seat belt /siːt belt/ n.（汽车或飞机上的）安全带 Please fasten your seat belt. 请系好安全带。 合成词分解：seat /siːt/ n. 座位；belt /belt/ n. 腰带 A seat belt can protect you in a car. 安全带在车里能保护你。 16 station /ˈsteɪʃn/ n. 车站 I wait for the bus at the station. 我在车站等公交车。 station /ˈsteɪʃn/ v. 驻扎 Soldiers are stationed at the border. 士兵驻扎在边境。 17 flowerpot /ˈflaʊəpɒt/ n. 花盆 There are flowers in the flowerpot. 花盆里有花。 合成词分解：flower /ˈflaʊə/ n. 花；pot /pɒt/ n. 容器 My mom bought a new flowerpot. 我妈妈买了一个新花盆。 18 mess /mes/ n. 脏乱，凌乱 Your room is in a mess. 你的房间乱七八糟。 messy /ˈmesi/ adj. 凌乱的mess /mes/ v. 弄乱 The messy desk needs cleaning. 凌乱的书桌需要整理。Don't mess up the books. 别把书弄乱了。 19 honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ n. 诚实，正直 Honesty is a good quality. 诚实是种好品质。 honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的honestly /ˈɒnɪstli/ adv. 诚实地 He is an honest boy. 他是个诚实的男孩。She spoke honestly about her mistake. 她坦诚地说出了自己的错误。 20 respect /rɪˈspekt/ v. 尊重 We should respect our teachers. 我们应该尊重老师。 respect /rɪˈspekt/ n. 尊重respectful /rɪˈspektfəl/ adj. 尊敬的 Show respect to your parents. 尊敬你的父母。He is respectful to the old. 他尊敬老人。 21 spread /spred/ v. 传播 News spreads quickly online. 消息在网上传播很快。 spread /spred/ n. 传播 The spread of the news surprised us. 消息的传播让我们惊讶。 22 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə/ n. 律师 Her father is a lawyer. 她爸爸是名律师。 law /lɔː/ n. 法律 We must follow the law. 我们必须遵守法律。 23 urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的，急迫的 It's an urgent matter. 这是件紧急的事。 urgency /ˈɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急urgently /ˈɜːdʒəntli/ adv. 紧急地 He felt the urgency of the situation. 他感受到了情况的紧急。They need help urgently. 他们急需帮助。 24 citizen /ˈsɪtɪzn/ n. 市民，公民 Every citizen should obey the law. 每个公民都应该守法。 city /ˈsɪti/ n. 城市 Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。 25 click /klɪk/ n. 点击（鼠标） One click opens the file. 点击一下打开文件。 click /klɪk/ v. 点击 Click the button to start. 点击按钮开始。 26 basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基础的，基本的 We learn basic math first. 我们先学基础数学。 base /beɪs/ n. 基础basically /ˈbeɪsɪkli/ adv. 基本上 This is the base of the theory. 这是理论的基础。Basically, it's a good idea. 基本上，这是个好主意。 27 private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 个人的，秘密的 This is my private diary. 这是我的私人日记。 privacy /ˈprɪvəsi/ n. 隐私privately /ˈpraɪvətli/ adv. 私下地 Everyone has the right to privacy. 每个人都有隐私权。They talked privately in the corner. 他们在角落里私下交谈。 28 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免 We should avoid mistakes. 我们应该避免错误。 avoidable /əˈvɔɪdəbl/ adj. 可避免的 Many accidents are avoidable. 很多事故是可以避免的。 29 address /əˈdres/ n. 地址 What's your home address? 你家地址是什么？ address /əˈdres/ v. 演说 He will address the students tomorrow. 他明天要向学生们演讲。 30 passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 You need a passport to go abroad. 出国需要护照。 合成词分解：pass /pɑːs/ v. 通过；port /pɔːt/ n. 港口 A passport helps you pass through ports. 护照帮助你通过港口。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$