外刊精读伴学2-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

专注外刊精读·培养全球视野 （一） The future of transportation is a hot topic around the world. Many people resist driving bans and speed limits. But a project in Spain shows how a firm plan can improve inner-city life in a sustainable way. The city centre of Pontevedra, a small town in Galicia, has been mostly free of cars for over 25 years. Let's take a look at its strict measures and the courage behind them.​ Over 25 years ago, Pontevedra began to limit cars in its city centre. The local government took strong steps to cut down car use. It closed many streets to vehicles. It built more areas for walking and cycling. At first, some people were against these changes. They worried about difficult trips to work and bad effects on businesses.​ But the results have been good. The city centre is safer and cleaner now. There are fewer accidents. The air is better. More people walk to visit shops and restaurants. Local businesses have grown instead of failing. Pontevedra's success shows that bold actions to reduce cars can make cities better places to live.​ Children now play freely in the streets, which were once filled with cars. Older people can walk without fear of being hit by vehicles. The city has also saved money on road repairs and parking lot maintenance. These funds have been used to build parks and improve public services. Tourists now visit Pontevedra specifically to experience its car-free centre, bringing more money to the area. Other cities in Europe have started to follow its example, seeing it as a model for a better urban future. 1. How long has Pontevedra's city centre been mostly car-free?​ A. About 15 years.​ B. Over 25 years.​ C. Nearly 30 years.​ D. More than 40 years. 2. What did the local government do to cut down car use?​ A. It asked people to drive faster.​ B. It closed many streets to vehicles.​ C. It built more parking lots.​ D. It stopped all shops from opening. 3. What can we infer about people's attitude at first?​ A. They fully supported the changes.​ B. They didn't care about the changes.​ C. They were against the changes.​ D. They thought the changes were perfect. 4. What does Pontevedra's success show?​ A. Car-free cities are not possible.​ B. Bold actions can improve cities.​ C. All cities must ban cars completely.​ D. Businesses will fail without cars. 语篇解读 关键词 car-free city, urban quality, transportation measures, Pontevedra 主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文，以西班牙加利西亚小镇蓬特韦德拉为例，介绍其实施市中心基本无车化政策 25 年多的情况，阐述相关限制性措施及背后的决心，展示该政策如何持续改善城市内部品质，为未来出行方式提供参考。 百科知识 加利西亚（Galicia）是西班牙的一个自治区，位于伊比利亚半岛西北部，其城市规划注重人文与环境的协调，蓬特韦德拉的无车化实践是当地城市治理的成功案例之一。 原文出处 选自Topos,2025 年名为 A CITY FOR PEOPLE 的文章 语言知识 重难点词汇 resist v 抵制；​ firm adj 坚定的；​ sustainable adj 可持续的；​ limit v 限制；​ local adj 当地的；​ step n 措施；​ cut down 减少；​ vehicle n 车辆；​ cycling n 骑行；​ against prep 反对；​ trip n 出行；​ accident n 事故；​ bold adj 大胆的；​ maintenance n 维护；​ tourist n 游客 重难点词块 hot topic 热门话题；​ car-free 无车的；​ inner-city 市中心的；​ take steps 采取措施；​ cut down 削减；​ be against 反对；​ bad effects 不良影响；​ instead of 而不是；​ make...better 使…… 更好；​ road repairs 道路维修；​ public services 公共服务​ 合成词+ 派生词 transportation n 交通（transport + -ation）；​ government n 政府（govern + -ment）；​ safer adj 更安全的（safe + -er）；​ cleaner adj 更干净的（clean + -er）；​ success n 成功（succeed + -ss）；​ businesses n 企业（business + -es）；​ specifically adv 专门地（specific + -ally） 长难句分析 At first, some people were against these changes. They worried about difficult trips to work and bad effects on businesses.​ 句意为：起初，一些人反对这些变化。他们担心通勤困难以及对企业造成不良影响。​ 这两个句子为简单句，前一句表明人们对变化的态度，后一句说明人们担忧的内容，逻辑清晰，通过上下文衔接，体现了政策实施初期遇到的阻力。 【答案】 1. B​解析：​第一段第三句 “The city centre of Pontevedra, a small town in Galicia, has been mostly free of cars for over 25 years.”​ 同义替换：“over 25 years” 与选项 B 一致。​​ 2. B​解析：​第二段第二、三句 “The local government took strong steps to cut down car use. It closed many streets to vehicles.”​ 同义替换：“closed many streets to vehicles” 与选项 B 一致。​ 干扰项排除：A 选项 “drive faster” 与减少汽车使用无关，且原文未提及；C 选项 “built more parking lots” 会促进汽车使用，与文意相悖；D 选项 “stopped all shops from opening” 原文未提及，属于无中生有。​ 3. C​解析：​第二段第四句 “At first, some people were against these changes.”从 “were against these changes” 可推断出人们起初是反对这些变化的，选项 C 符合。​ 干扰项排除：A 选项 “fully supported” 与原文 “were against” 相反；B 选项 “didn't care” 原文未体现；D 选项 “thought the changes were perfect” 与人们担忧的态度不符。​ 4. B​解析：最后一段最后一句 “Pontevedra's success shows that bold actions to reduce cars can make cities better places to live.”该句表明蓬特韦德拉的成功说明大胆的行动能让城市变得更好，选项 B 是合理推断。​ 干扰项排除：A 选项与成功案例矛盾；C 选项 “all cities must ban cars completely” 过于绝对，属于极端项；D 选项与 “local businesses have grown” 不符，属于反向干扰。​ （二） In June 1920, The New York Times reported that William Hartman shot and killed his wife. This happened right after he came back from a night of drinking whiskey. We can’t know exactly why he did it. But similar stories appeared often in newspapers in the early 1900s. They showed the dangers that Temperance advocates (people who wanted to limit alcohol) talked about when pushing for alcohol prohibition (a law to stop alcohol sales). Deborah Blum is a Pulitzer Prize-winning science journalist and expert on Prohibition. She says, “We all know that many crimes happen when people are a little drunk. Alcohol makes people less able to control themselves.” Studies have long linked drinking to more violence. They also show that men are twice as likely as women to drink too much in one go. “So men would get more drunk, become more violent, and be more dangerous to women,” she adds. Many books talk about the women who helped end Prohibition. But less is said about their role in making it happen. It’s interesting that this law, which limited women’s freedoms, also gave them new ways to gain power and be recognized legally. Peter Liebhold is a retired curator from the Smithsonian. He says, “In a way, it suggests that women have rights. Temperance supporters argued that men’s drinking often hurt women. Passing Prohibition showed that women were more valuable and should have better legal protection.” Prohibition didn’t give women direct rights. But by restricting something for everyone, not just women, it subtly moved toward equality. 1. What did The New York Times report in June 1920? 2. A. A woman killed her husband after drinking. 3. B. William Hartman shot his wife after drinking. 4. C. A new law against alcohol was passed. 5. D. Women started a movement to end drinking. 6. Why did Temperance advocates support prohibition? 7. A. They thought alcohol caused social problems. 8. B. They wanted to control women’s freedoms. 9. C. They wanted to sell more non-alcohol drinks. 10. D. They believed alcohol was good for health. 11. What can we infer about women’s role in Prohibition? 12. A. They only worked to end Prohibition. 13. B. They had no influence on the law. 14. C. Their role in passing it is rarely discussed. 15. D. They made the law to get more rights directly. 16. What does the word “restricting” in the last paragraph mean? 17. A. Allowing. 18. B. Limiting. 19. C. Encouraging. 20. D. Ignoring. 21. What is the main idea of the text? 22. A. How alcohol caused violence in the early 1900s. 23. B. Why Prohibition was popular in the United States. 24. C. Women’s role in Prohibition and its link to equality. 25. D. The history of The New York Times reporting on crimes. 语篇解读 关键词 prohibition, alcohol, women’s role, equality, urban challenges 主旨概要 本文通过 1920 年的一则新闻案例，介绍了美国禁酒令推行的背景，分析了禁酒运动中女性的复杂角色 —— 尽管禁酒令限制了女性自由，却在一定程度上推动了女性获得法律认可和平等地位，同时探讨了酒精与暴力的关联。 百科知识 禁酒令（Prohibition）是美国 1920-1933 年间推行的全国性法律，禁止酒精饮料的生产、销售和运输。禁酒运动由禁酒党、妇女基督教禁酒联盟等组织推动，旨在解决酒精引发的社会问题。 原文出处 选自https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/domestic-violence-temperance-prohibition 的文章。 语言知识 重难点词汇 report v 报道； shot v 射击； kill v 杀害； similar adj 类似的； danger n 危险； advocate n 倡导者； prohibition n 禁酒令； expert n 专家； crime n 犯罪； drunk adj 醉酒的； violence n 暴力； limit v 限制； freedom n 自由； right n 权利； argued v 主张； protection n 保护； equality n 平等 重难点词块 be linked to 与…… 相关； push for 推动； in one go 一口气； make it happen 促成此事； legal protection 法律保护； direct rights 直接权利 合成词+ 派生词 retired adj 退休的（retire + -d）； legally adv 法律上（legal + -ly）； subtly adv 微妙地（subtle + -ly）； equality n 平等（equal + -ity）； violent adj 暴力的（violence + -t） 长难句分析 But by restricting something for everyone, not just women, it subtly moved toward equality. 句意为：但通过对所有人（而非仅针对女性）限制某件事，它微妙地向平等迈进。 本句主干是 “it moved toward equality”；“by restricting...” 为介词短语作方式状语，“not just women” 补充说明 “everyone”，结构简洁，清晰表达了禁酒令对平等的间接推动。 【答案】 1. B 解析：定位第一段第一句 “William Hartman shot and killed his wife... after a night of drinking”，B 选项与原文一致。A 项 “女性杀夫” 与原文相反；C 项 “禁酒令通过” 时间不符；D 项 “女性发起运动” 未提及。 2. A 解析：根据第二段 “the dangers that Temperance advocates cited when pushing for alcohol prohibition” 及第三段 “alcohol consumption has long been linked to increased violence”，可推断倡导者认为酒精引发社会问题，A 正确。B、C、D 均与原文矛盾。 3. C 解析：第四段提到 “less attention has been paid to the complex role women played in its passage”，C 选项 “她们在立法中的角色很少被讨论” 符合推断。A 项 “仅致力于终结禁酒令” 与原文 “复杂角色” 不符；B 项 “无影响” 错误；D 项 “直接获取权利” 与最后一段 “didn’t grant women direct rights” 矛盾。 4. B 解析：根据上下文 “prohibition（禁酒令）” 及 “not targeting women alone”，可推断 “restricting” 意为 “限制”，与 B 选项 “limiting” 同义。其他选项与语境不符。 5. C 解析：全文围绕禁酒令展开，核心是女性在其中的角色及对平等的推动，C 选项最贴合。A、B 仅为细节；D 项 “《纽约时报》历史” 未提及。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$