Starter1～4 知识梳理&语法专题 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四制）（2024）英语六年级上册

2025年上海新六年级英语新版本6AStarter1-4 知识梳理&语法专题T 答案版 【课前热身】 基础题 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用所给单词的适当形式填空) 1.- Whose ball is that?- It's (we)bal1 【答案】our 【解析】形容词物主代词our，后加名词。our ball 我们的球。 2.Those paints are_ (I). They are new. 【答案】mine 【解析】mine 名词性物主代词。此处 mine=my+n=my paints. 3.Uncle Wang is not feeling (good)today. 【答案】well 【解析】此题易错。feel系动词，后加形容词。well 表示:身体健康的，为形容词。故此空填 well 4. (final), Kitty and her classmates finished the poster. 【答案】Finally 【解析】finally adv.最后。此处副词放句首，修饰整个句子。 5.I have a toothache today.I should (brush)my teeth every day. 【答案】brush 【解析】should 情态动词，后加动词原形。brush my teeth 刷牙 6.Tom always goes (camp)in spring. 【答案】camping 【解析】go camping 去野营。 7. In the History Museum, you can see a lot of old 。 (photo) 【答案】photos 【解析】a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词。此处 photo 为照片，可数名词，故为 photos。 8. The old lady in the photo is my (mother) grandmother. 【答案】mother's 【解析】mother's grandmother 妈妈的祖母。 9.I sometimes go (cycle)with my friends. 【答案】cycling 【解析】go+doing sth: go cycling 骑自行车。 10.He was very (surprise)when he heard the news 【答案】surprised 【解析】人做主语，表示:感到惊讶的。用 surprised. 提高题 1. Which of the following sentences is “'S+V+O”? A. He looks tired. B. What did she give you? C. I want a cup of coffee. D. The boy fell from his bike just now. 【答案】C 【详解】句意:下面哪个句子是“S+V+O”? 考查句子结构。He looks tired.主系表结构;What did she give you主谓双宾结构;I want a cup of coffee 主谓宾结构;The boy fell from his bike just now 主谓宾状结构。所以这道题的正确答案是 C，故选 C。 2.The sentence structure of“You looked unhappy this morning” is . A.S+VHO +DO B. S+V+DO+OC C.S+V+DO D. S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意:“You looked unhappy this morning”的句子结构是:S+V+P。 考查基本句型。You是主语;looked是系动词作谓语;unhappy是表语:this morning是时间状语;因此句子的结构为:主语+谓语+表语，故选D。 3.Read and choose(选择方框内的句子完成对话) A. There are a lot of cars there. B. How do we get there? C.What time do we leave home in the morning? D. Let's visit a museum. E. What time do we come back home in the afternoon? (Danny and his friends are in the garden. They are talking about their plan.) Danny:It's my birthday on Sunday. 1 Tom :That's a good idea. Which museum do you want to go? Danny:How about the Car Museum? 2 Eddie :Sounds great. 3 Danny: At nine o'clock. Tom :OK. 4 Danny: Let's go there by underground. Tom :It's convenient. 5 Danny: At about half past five in the afternoon. 【答案】1.D 2.A3.C4.B 5.E 【解析】1.根据回答 That’s a good idea.这个是好主意。可知空格处应该提出建议。可知选 D. 2.根据回答，Sounds great.听上去不错。故空格处应该是描述，且和 car 有关，可知选 A最合适。 3.根据下文回答 At nine o’clock.可知表示时间，故询问时间故选C.询问何时出发。 4.根据回答，做地铁，可知交通方式。故选 B.How do we get there?我们该如何去? 5.根据回答是下午五点半，故表示询问返回时间，选E. 【知识梳理】 1.(Page 3)l can answer all your questions.Try me 译文:我可以回答你所有的问题。来试试看吧。 注释:当一个人对自己的某项能力或技能极具信心时，会说“Try me.”来向别人挑战或展示自己的实力。 这种情况下，“Try me.”表示他/她敢接受任何考验并有自信可以成功。 2.(Page 3) Big E, little e, she sells seashells to me 译文:大写E，小写e,她把海贝壳卖给我! 注释:此处 she 和 me 中的e发字母e的长音(如 he).sells和seashells 中的e发短音(如 egg ) 3.(Page 4) This is your secret to English learning, isn't it? 译文:这就是你学英语的秘诀，对吗? 注释:这句话最后的isn’t it是附加疑问句(反义疑问句)，用以向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断。关于附加疑问句的形式、意义和用法，详见第二部分语法梳理。 4.(Page 6) Hi, pals! 译文:伙伴们好啊! 注释:这通常是用于较为亲密的人(close fiends,classmates or teammates 之间的打招呼用语,也用于好友间群发邮件开头的问候。类似的表达还有“Hey friends!”“ Hello folks!”“Dear all,”等。 5.Today is the first day of school. New Star Middle School in Shanghai welcomes the new Grade 6 students. In class, students are introducing themselves. 译文:今天是开学的第一天。上海新星中学迎来六年级新生。在课堂上，学生们正在做自我介绍。 注释:introduce oneself to sb.向某人介绍自己。此搭配为常考点。特别注意 introduce 后面用反身代词 oneself。 6.In my free time.I like running and playing the piano. 译文:在空闲时间，我喜欢跑步和弹钢琴。 注释:free time 空闲时间 like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事(doing 表示长期喜欢;to do 更强调临时;短暂 喜欢) play the piano 西洋乐器前加冠词 the。 7.It's your turn 译文:轮到你了 注释:此处 tum 为名词。tum 也可做动词，表示:变得;称为;转动。tum green变绿tum on/of打开/关闭。 8.Who am I? I am Hu--a teaching robot. You can call me Dr Hu 译文:我是谁?我是胡，一个教学机器人。你可以叫我胡博士 注释:call sb.+sth:叫某人.。 9 It's a school day. Students are getting ready for class 译文:今天是上学日。学生们正在为上课做准备 注释:are getting(am/is/are+doing)为现在进行时，表示此刻正在做某事。get ready for-prepare for 为..做准备。 10.The school bell's ringing. My pens, books and notebooks are missing. Where is my bag? 译文:学校的铃声响了。我的钢笔、书和笔记本不见了。我的包在哪里?注释:missing adj找不到的;丢失的。 miss v.错过;想念。miss the last bus 错过了末班车 I miss my grandmother so badly.我非常非常想我的祖母。 11.He opens his bag,takes out everything and puts them on his desk. 译文:他打开包，拿出所有东西放在桌子上。 注释:open v.打开 adj.开着的take out取出put sth on 把某物放在..上 put on 穿上 12.Let me see.There are five books, three notebooks, a pencil case, some paper, .. an English-Chinese dictionary! This is your secret to English learning, isn't it? 译文:我想一下。这里有五本书，三本笔记本，一个铅盒，一些纸…一本英汉词典!这是你学习英语的秘诀，不是吗? 注释:secret n.秘密;秘诀 There be句型,表示:有;存在。此处be不可以用have。Isn’t it为附加疑问句(反义疑问句) 13 .It's one of my favourite movies. Who is your favourite writer?January is my least favourite month译文:这是我特别喜欢的电影之一。谁是你特别喜欢的作家?一月是我最不喜欢的月份。注释:favourite adj.最喜欢的。least 为 little 最高级。 14.How are you?I'm back in London now .When will you be free? Let's have a video chat and I'll show you around my new home. 译文:你好吗?我现在回到伦敦了。你什么时候有空?我们来视频聊天吧，我带你参观一下我的新家。注释: fee adj.有空的;自由的;免费的。 show sb.around+地点:带某人参观某地。 chat v.&n.聊天 WeChat微信。 15.Glad to hear from you. Yiming and I are in the same middle school now. We'll be free every Friday from 3 to 5p.m. Beijing time.Let's chat. 译文:很高兴收到你的来信。伊明和我现在在同一所中学。我们每周五北京时间下午3点到5点有空。我们聊聊吧。 注释:glad adj.开心的 hear from sb.=receive a letter from sb.收到某人来信from ..to....从...到..(可以表示时间或者地点)from Beijing to Shanghai 从北京到上海 16.I can read and write the 26 letters in the English alphabet.I can use a dictionary to look up new words. I can understand simple picture stories and cartoons in English.I know how to make sentences with words. What about you? 译文:我能读写英语字母表中的 26个字母。我可以用字典查生词。我能听懂简单的英语图画故事和漫画。 我知道如何用单词造句。那你呢? 注释:can情态动词，表示:能够;可以;会。后加动词原形。 letter 信。此处熟词生义，表示字母。 look up new words in the dictionary查单词 look at看. look for 寻找 look after 照顾What/How about doing sth 做某事..怎么样/如何? 练一练 1.The boy likes to play badminton, but the girl likes to play piano. A. the, / B./. the C. a, the D. the, a 【答案】B 2.My mother is ill. So I have to stay at home and her. A. look for B. look at C. look up D. look after 【答案】D 3. I like music, but my father likes books. A. listening; reading B. to listen; to read C. to listening to; read D.listening to; reading 【答案】D 4. How about this Saturday? A. going swimming B. going swim C. go swim D. go swimming 【答案】A 5. Mike's grandparents like the radio at night very much. A. Listen B. to listen C.listening D. listening to 【答案】D 6. Jenny, what about this Saturday? A. going swimming B.to go swimming C.go swimming D.to swim 【答案】A 7. Firemen usually fires and save people from danger. A. put on B. put off C. put out D. put up 【答案】C 8.Listen! Somebody loudly in the meeting room. A. talks B. will talk C.is talking D. talked 【答案】C 9.Remember to the lights when you leave your classroom. A. turn on B.turn up C. turn off D.turn down 【答案】C 【语法专题】 温馨提示:如果基础较好，可以在本单元学习附加疑问句(反义疑问句)。如果理 有困难，也可以在 Unit6 重点学习。 A.Question tags 附加疑问句(反义疑问句) Question tags are short questions at the end of declarative and imperative sentences.We often use them to say"l.that right?"or"Do you agree?"附加疑问句由陈述句或祈使句加简短附加问句构成,用以要求对方证实所述之事。 Question tags for declarative sentences 陈述句后的附加疑问句 Affirmative sentence 肯定句 Negative question tag 否定附加疑问句 Xi'an is a good choice, isn't it? We can see a lot of pandas there, can't we? They will go by train, won't they? Your sister wants to visit the Island of Music， doesn't she? Negative sentence 否定句 Affirmative question tag 肯定附加疑问句 He isn't going to Hainan this winter, is he? You can't make the decision now, can you? They won't go by plane, will they? The bus doesn't stop here， does it? Question tags for imperative sentences 祈使句后的附加疑问句 Affirmative/negative sentence 肯定句或否定句 Affirmative question tag 肯定附加疑问句 Let's take the next bus, shall we? Let's not go out tonight, shall we? Return to your seats, will you? Don't eat food on the bus, will you? A.For a declarative sentence: 对于陈述句而言: 1. if the statement is affirmative, we use a negative question tag.如果是肯定陈述，则使用否定附加疑问句。 e.g. There is a beach near our hotel. isn't there? 2. if the statement is negative, we use an affirmative question tag.如果是否定陈述，则使用肯定附加疑问句。 e.g.We can't go tomorrow, can we? B .For an imperative sentence, we use shall we or will you in the question tag. 对于祈使句而言，使用 shall we或 will you 作附加疑问句。 e.g. Let's go by plane. shall we? Don't shout here, will you? 练一练 1.Let's buy a cake for Alice.(改为反意疑问句) Let's buy a cake for Alice, ? 【答案】shall we 【详解】句意:我们给爱丽丝买个蛋糕吧。Lets开头的祈使句的反意疑问句要用 shall we 来构成。故填 shall;we . 2. Few of them can understand what the maths teacher said.(改为反义疑问) Few of them can understand what the maths teacher said, ? 【答案】can they 3. Mike and his friends will have a picnic in the park next week.(改为反意疑问句) Mike and his friends will have a picnic in the park next week, ? 【答案】won't they 4. Let's roll up ourselves to work harder.(改为反意疑问句) Let's roll up ourselves to work harder, ? 【答案】shall we 5. Lucy's mother never loses her temper at home.(改为反义疑问句) Lucy's mother never loses her temper at home , ? 【答案】 does she 6.3-D printing technology first appeared in the 1980s.(改为反义疑问句) 3-D printing technology first appeared in the 1980s, ? 【答案】didn’t it 7. Her youngest son knows nothing about his hometown.(改为反义疑问问) Her youngest son knows nothing about his hometown, ? 【答案】does he 8. The shop sells things at a lower price in our neighborhood.(改为反义疑问句) The shop sells things at a lower price in our neighborhood, ? 【答案】doesn’t it 9.There isn't going to be a sports meeting next week.(改为附加疑问句) There isn't going to be a sports meeting next week, ? 【答案】①.is②.there 10.Lu Yao is never late for school, she? A.is B.isn't C. does D. doesn't 【答案】A 11. Let's do a bicycle tour of the hutongs this weekend.(改为反意疑问句)。 Let's do a bicycle tour of the hutongs this weekend, ? 【答案】shall we B.Basic sentence patterns:SVSVC&SVO 基本句型:主谓、主动补(主系表)和主谓宾 1. S and V in a sentence 句子中的主语和谓语 ♥An English sentence usually has a Subject (S)and a Verb(V) 英语句子一般含有一个主语(S)和一个谓语(V)。 ♥S is the main noun or pronoun in a sentence. It tells who or what the sentence is about. It performs the action of the V,主语是句中的主要名词或者代词，是一个句子所要描述的人或事物，是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。 e.g. Alex, she, it, the Earth, China, my friend, . ♥ is the main verb in a sentence. Most main verbs are action verbs.They tell what someone or something (S)does, or what happens to them.谓语是句子中的主要动词。大多数谓语动词都是行为动词，是关于主语发出的动作或发生在主语身上的动作。 e.g. drink, dance.think. walk.. ♥Some main verbs are linking verbs. A linking verb links the S (subject) and its state of being or qualities句子中的主要动词有时也由系动词充当。系动词是联系主语和主语的状态或特质的一类动词。e.g.am/is/are, look, get, feel,... 2. SV sentence pattern 主谓结构的句型 SV sentence-S(subject)+V(verb) “主语做什么，什么动作发生在主语身上’” e.g. S V The bus stops. The school gate opens. Yiming smiles. It rains. 3. C in a sentence子中的补语C is the complement of the S (subject) in a sentence. It usually gives information about the subject, such as qualities, state of being or identity. Most complements are nouns,noun phrases or adjectives.句子中主语的补语一般会告诉我们有关主语的信息，如特质、状态或身份等。补语往往由名词、名词性短语或形容词充当。 e.g.a cute boy, my favourite song: angry, busy, careful. .. 4. SVC sentence pattern 主动补结构的句型 SVC sentence =S (subject)+V(linking verb)+ C(complement) “主语是什么，怎么样” e.g S V C My favourite colour is green The dress looks nice We are middle school students. Harry is my friend. It is cold. The water feels Warm. I am sorry. 5.O in a sentence 子中的宾语 ♥Some verbs take an Object (O). 一些动词后可以接宾语。 ♥O is usually a noun, a pronoun or a noun phrase. It receives the action of the verb. 宾语一般由名词、代词或名词短语充当，是动作的接受者 5. SVO sentence pattern 主谓宾结构的句型 SVO sentence =S (subject)+V(verb)+O(object) “主语对宾语做了什么动作” e.g. S V O Yiming opens the schoolbag. Bailing asks a question. The students are introducing Themselves. They wear red scarves. 【总结及补充】 基本成分 1.主语:动作发出者，常位于句首。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 2.谓语:动作(有时态、语态、单复数之分) I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 3.宾语:动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 4.宾语补足语:补充说明宾语情况。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 5.表语(主语补足语):补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。 Lisa was happy. 6.状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 7.定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning 8.同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 五大基木句型 1.主语+谓语(vi) We work hard. 2.主语+谓语( vt.)+宾语 Tom bought a new book. 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 They offer me aiob. 4.主语+系动词+表语 Great talkers are little doers. 5.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾补 He made me go home. 【例题精讲】 1.What is the sentence pattern of“The dish smells terrible”? A. S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+0+OC 2.The temperature drops. The structure of the sentence is . A.S+V+DO B.S+V C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 3.The sentence structure of“She is walking along the lake.” is . A:S+V+O B，S+V C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+P 【拓展练习】 1.下面句子属于主谓宾结构的是 . A. Those are my brothers. B. There is a bag on my desk C.Cindy drinks milk every day. D. Have a nice day! 2. The shopping mall very early and it for twelve hours every day. A.opens;opens B.is open; is open C. opens; is open D. is open; opens 3. The shop near our school for about twelve hours a day. A. opens B. is open C. is opening D. is opened 4.-- there a “helping hands" meeting this weekend?_Yes, all the volunteers will go to it. A. Is; going to have B. Is; have C. Is; be D. Is; going to be 5.--- you free this weekend?---'m afraid not. I have to visit my friends. A. Do B. Does C. Are D.Is 6.下列句子不是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的是 . A. The ice-cream tastes good. B. Are you sure? C. I can play chess well 7. The family are making zongzi. A.谓语 B.主语 C.状语 D.表语 8. Li hua often helps her mother make breakfast. A.主语 B.状语 C.宾语 D.表语 9. Are you available tomorrow morning? A.主语+谓语+宾语 B.主语+谓语 C.主语+系动词+表语 10. Technology makes it possible to study at home. A.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 B.主语+谓语 C.主语+系动词+表语 【课后巩固】 1.Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完 成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(6分) 1.Letter E is the letter of the English alphabet.(five) 2.Tony is very helpful. He often me English when he is free.(teach) 3. My brother's favourite subjects are and Chinese.(France) 4. Please find out some between the two pictures. (different) 5.Lisa learns English by a notebook.(keep) 6. There are many kinds of outdoor .(activity) 【答案】1.fifth 2.teaches 3French 4.differences 5.keeping 6.activities II.Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms.(10%) 1. The choir practised (sing)every weekend and their efforts were rewarded. When news (come) that they got the silver medal, all the members burst into tears of joy. 【答案】singing came 2.It usually (take) me 20 minutes to drive to school. But this morning I (spend) 2 hours (wait) helplessly in my car due to the heavy traffic! 【答案】takes/spent/waiting 3. I am thinking of (write) an email to my friend in Canada these days. I miss her a lot. 【答案】writing 【详解】句意:这些天我想给我在加拿大的朋友写封电子邮件。我非常想念她。“thinking of后应跟动名词形式，所以正确形式为 writing“写”。故填 writing。 4. The head of the department often (make)them (work) overtime. 【答案】makes/ work 5.When the lady (arrive), the man (lie)at the roadside unconscious. She called the ambulance right away and waited till the medical team came for rescue. 【答案】arrived/was lying III. Sentence transformation.(5%) 1. His mother gave him 5 yuan and asked him to wash dishes after dinner His mother him 5 yuan to after dinner. 【答案】paid wash dishes 2.They celebrated their son's 11th birthday by throwing a family party. They threw a family party celebrate their son's 11th birthday. 【答案】in order to 3. She worked on the farm for two weeks and thought it exciting. She thought her on the farm exciting. 【答案】two weeks’ work 4. Sarah asked to be away for a year before university, because she offered to help poor people in Africa without being paid. Sarah help poor people in Africa, so she . 【答案】volunteered to took a gap year 5.much,books,do,you.total.cost,in,these,how(连词成句) 【答案】How much do these books cost you in total 阅读提高 Cloze (10%) It was the last math exam before summer. But Scott didn't worry. He was the best math student in the class, and he never had to work very hard at it. It used to make the other students 21 because he never studied, yet he always got the best mark. As usual.he was the 22 one done. The next day, a call came to his house and he was asked to go to the school. “But school is over and it's summertime now!” he thought. 23 he arrived at the school, his parents, the math teacher and the principal were there to meet him"Wow!’ he thought.“ must have scored 100 percent on the exam!” Sure enough, the principal said the meeting, was about his math exam. But what he said next left Scot stunned (震惊的).“You 24 ," the principal said. “Since you were a little kid, you have found math easy .But now you are at the point where you have taken your talent in math and 25 it. It's time for you learned that you couldn't just walk into an exam unprepared.” The principal continued, “I was like you when I was a boy.My 26 was in science. I didn't need to study for science at all. I was the class ace (顶尖高手). But one day, I failed a big exam. You see this picture? It was given to me by my science teacher that day. This ugly-looking bird is called a buzzard.Read 27 it says at the bottom. Scott read it aloud, “.Welcome to the Buzzard Club. Remember, it's not about brains. It's about hard work.” “A buzzard can only fly if it gets a running start," the principal 28 . “It can't just leap into the air like other birds. But once it's in the air, it can soar (高飞) to great heights. Keep this bird in mind. Remember, 29 is like that running start. Combined with your natural ability, it will 30 you to fly like a bird!” Scott became a proud member of the Buzzard Club. And he never failed a math exam again. 21.A. mad B. calm C. lonely D.relaxed 22.A. first B.second C. third D. last 23.A. Since B. Until C. When D.Whenever 24.A. won B. failed C. passed D. graduated 25. A. kept B. valued C. wasted D. realized 26.A. mind B. gift C. breath D. change 27. A. where B. when C.how D. what 28.A. agreed B. suggested C. promised D.explained 29.A. flying B. running C. studying D. dreaming 30.A. force B. allow C. invite D. advise 【答案】21.A 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.C 30.D 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025年上海新六年级英语新版本6AStarter1-4 知识梳理&语法专题S 【课前热身】 基础题 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用所给单词的适当形式填空) 1.- Whose ball is that?- It's (we)bal1 2.Those paints are_ (I). They are new. 3.Uncle Wang is not feeling (good)today. 4. (final), Kitty and her classmates finished the poster. 5.I have a toothache today.I should (brush)my teeth every day. 6.Tom always goes (camp)in spring. 7. In the History Museum, you can see a lot of old 。 (photo) 8. The old lady in the photo is my (mother) grandmother. 9.I sometimes go (cycle)with my friends. 10.He was very (surprise)when he heard the news. 提高题 1. Which of the following sentences is “'S+V+O”? A. He looks tired. B. What did she give you? C. I want a cup of coffee. D. The boy fell from his bike just now. 2.The sentence structure of“You looked unhappy this morning” is . A.S+VHO +DO B. S+V+DO+OC C.S+V+DO D. S+V+P 3.Read and choose(选择方框内的句子完成对话) A. There are a lot of cars there. B. How do we get there? C.What time do we leave home in the morning? D. Let's visit a museum. E. What time do we come back home in the afternoon? (Danny and his friends are in the garden. They are talking about their plan.) Danny:It's my birthday on Sunday. 1 Tom :That's a good idea. Which museum do you want to go? Danny:How about the Car Museum? 2 Eddie :Sounds great. 3 Danny: At nine o'clock. Tom :OK. 4 Danny: Let's go there by underground. Tom :It's convenient. 5 Danny: At about half past five in the afternoon. 【知识梳理】 1.(Page 3)l can answer all your questions.Try me 译文:我可以回答你所有的问题。来试试看吧。 注释:当一个人对自己的某项能力或技能极具信心时，会说“Try me.”来向别人挑战或展示自己的实力。 这种情况下，“Try me.”表示他/她敢接受任何考验并有自信可以成功。 2.(Page 3) Big E, little e, she sells seashells to me 译文:大写E，小写e,她把海贝壳卖给我! 注释:此处 she 和 me 中的e发字母e的长音(如 he).sells和seashells 中的e发短音(如 egg ) 3.(Page 4) This is your secret to English learning, isn't it? 译文:这就是你学英语的秘诀，对吗? 注释:这句话最后的isn’t it是附加疑问句(反义疑问句)，用以向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断。关于附加疑问句的形式、意义和用法，详见第二部分语法梳理。 4.(Page 6) Hi, pals! 译文:伙伴们好啊! 注释:这通常是用于较为亲密的人(close fiends,classmates or teammates 之间的打招呼用语,也用于好友间群发邮件开头的问候。类似的表达还有“Hey friends!”“ Hello folks!”“Dear all,”等。 5.Today is the first day of school. New Star Middle School in Shanghai welcomes the new Grade 6 students. In class, students are introducing themselves. 译文:今天是开学的第一天。上海新星中学迎来六年级新生。在课堂上，学生们正在做自我介绍。 注释:introduce oneself to sb.向某人介绍自己。此搭配为常考点。特别注意 introduce 后面用反身代词 oneself。 6.In my free time.I like running and playing the piano. 译文:在空闲时间，我喜欢跑步和弹钢琴。 注释:free time 空闲时间 like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事(doing 表示长期喜欢;to do 更强调临时;短暂 喜欢) play the piano 西洋乐器前加冠词 the。 7.It's your turn 译文:轮到你了 注释:此处 tum 为名词。tum 也可做动词，表示:变得;称为;转动。tum green变绿tum on/of打开/关闭。 8.Who am I? I am Hu--a teaching robot. You can call me Dr Hu 译文:我是谁?我是胡，一个教学机器人。你可以叫我胡博士 注释:call sb.+sth:叫某人.。 9 It's a school day. Students are getting ready for class 译文:今天是上学日。学生们正在为上课做准备 注释:are getting(am/is/are+doing)为现在进行时，表示此刻正在做某事。get ready for-prepare for 为..做准备。 10.The school bell's ringing. My pens, books and notebooks are missing. Where is my bag? 译文:学校的铃声响了。我的钢笔、书和笔记本不见了。我的包在哪里?注释:missing adj找不到的;丢失的。 miss v.错过;想念。miss the last bus 错过了末班车 I miss my grandmother so badly.我非常非常想我的祖母。 11.He opens his bag,takes out everything and puts them on his desk. 译文:他打开包，拿出所有东西放在桌子上。 注释:open v.打开 adj.开着的take out取出put sth on 把某物放在..上 put on 穿上 12.Let me see.There are five books, three notebooks, a pencil case, some paper, .. an English-Chinese dictionary! This is your secret to English learning, isn't it? 译文:我想一下。这里有五本书，三本笔记本，一个铅盒，一些纸…一本英汉词典!这是你学习英语的秘诀，不是吗? 注释:secret n.秘密;秘诀 There be句型,表示:有;存在。此处be不可以用have。Isn’t it为附加疑问句(反义疑问句) 13 .It's one of my favourite movies. Who is your favourite writer?January is my least favourite month译文:这是我特别喜欢的电影之一。谁是你特别喜欢的作家?一月是我最不喜欢的月份。注释:favourite adj.最喜欢的。least 为 little 最高级。 14.How are you?I'm back in London now .When will you be free? Let's have a video chat and I'll show you around my new home. 译文:你好吗?我现在回到伦敦了。你什么时候有空?我们来视频聊天吧，我带你参观一下我的新家。注释: fee adj.有空的;自由的;免费的。 show sb.around+地点:带某人参观某地。 chat v.&n.聊天 WeChat微信。 15.Glad to hear from you. Yiming and I are in the same middle school now. We'll be free every Friday from 3 to 5p.m. Beijing time.Let's chat. 译文:很高兴收到你的来信。伊明和我现在在同一所中学。我们每周五北京时间下午3点到5点有空。我们聊聊吧。 注释:glad adj.开心的 hear from sb.=receive a letter from sb.收到某人来信from ..to....从...到..(可以表示时间或者地点)from Beijing to Shanghai 从北京到上海 16.I can read and write the 26 letters in the English alphabet.I can use a dictionary to look up new words. I can understand simple picture stories and cartoons in English.I know how to make sentences with words. What about you? 译文:我能读写英语字母表中的 26个字母。我可以用字典查生词。我能听懂简单的英语图画故事和漫画。 我知道如何用单词造句。那你呢? 注释:can情态动词，表示:能够;可以;会。后加动词原形。 letter 信。此处熟词生义，表示字母。 look up new words in the dictionary查单词 look at看. look for 寻找 look after 照顾What/How about doing sth 做某事..怎么样/如何? 练一练 1. The boy likes to play badminton, but the girl likes to play piano. A. the, / B./. the C. a, the D. the, a 2.My mother is ill. So I have to stay at home and her. A. look for B. look at C. look up D. look after 3. I like music, but my father likes books. A. listening; reading B. to listen; to read C. to listening to; read D.listening to; reading 4. How about this Saturday? A. going swimming B. going swim C. go swim D. go swimming 5. Mike's grandparents like the radio at night very much. A. Listen B. to listen C.listening D. listening to 6. Jenny, what about this Saturday? A. going swimming B.to go swimming C.go swimming D.to swim 7. Firemen usually fires and save people from danger. A. put on B. put off C. put out D. put up 8.Listen! Somebody loudly in the meeting room. A. talks B. will talk C.is talking D. talked 9.Remember to the lights when you leave your classroom. A. turn on B.turn up C. turn off D.turn down 【语法专题】 温馨提示:如果基础较好，可以在本单元学习附加疑问句(反义疑问句)。如果理 有困难，也可以在 Unit6 重点学习。 A.Question tags 附加疑问句(反义疑问句) Question tags are short questions at the end of declarative and imperative sentences.We often use them to say"l.that right?"or"Do you agree?"附加疑问句由陈述句或祈使句加简短附加问句构成,用以要求对方证实所述之事。 Question tags for declarative sentences 陈述句后的附加疑问句 Affirmative sentence 肯定句 Negative question tag 否定附加疑问句 Xi'an is a good choice, isn't it? We can see a lot of pandas there, can't we? They will go by train, won't they? Your sister wants to visit the Island of Music， doesn't she? Negative sentence 否定句 Affirmative question tag 肯定附加疑问句 He isn't going to Hainan this winter, is he? You can't make the decision now, can you? They won't go by plane, will they? The bus doesn't stop here， does it? Question tags for imperative sentences 祈使句后的附加疑问句 Affirmative/negative sentence 肯定句或否定句 Affirmative question tag 肯定附加疑问句 Let's take the next bus, shall we? Let's not go out tonight, shall we? Return to your seats, will you? Don't eat food on the bus, will you? A.For a declarative sentence: 对于陈述句而言: 1. if the statement is affirmative, we use a negative question tag.如果是肯定陈述，则使用否定附加疑问句。 e.g. There is a beach near our hotel. isn't there? 2. if the statement is negative, we use an affirmative question tag.如果是否定陈述，则使用肯定附加疑问句。 e.g.We can't go tomorrow, can we? B .For an imperative sentence, we use shall we or will you in the question tag. 对于祈使句而言，使用 shall we或 will you 作附加疑问句。 e.g. Let's go by plane. shall we? Don't shout here, will you? 练一练 1.Let's buy a cake for Alice.(改为反意疑问句) Let's buy a cake for Alice, ? 2. Few of them can understand what the maths teacher said.(改为反义疑问) Few of them can understand what the maths teacher said, ? 3. Mike and his friends will have a picnic in the park next week.(改为反意疑问句) Mike and his friends will have a picnic in the park next week, ? 4. Let's roll up ourselves to work harder.(改为反意疑问句) Let's roll up ourselves to work harder, ? 5. Lucy's mother never loses her temper at home.(改为反义疑问句) Lucy's mother never loses her temper at home , ? 6.3-D printing technology first appeared in the 1980s.(改为反义疑问句) 3-D printing technology first appeared in the 1980s, ? 7. Her youngest son knows nothing about his hometown.(改为反义疑问问) Her youngest son knows nothing about his hometown, ? 8. The shop sells things at a lower price in our neighborhood.(改为反义疑问句) The shop sells things at a lower price in our neighborhood, ? 9.There isn't going to be a sports meeting next week.(改为附加疑问句) There isn't going to be a sports meeting next week, ? 10.Lu Yao is never late for school, she? A.is B.isn't C. does D. doesn't 11. Let's do a bicycle tour of the hutongs this weekend.(改为反意疑问句)。 Let's do a bicycle tour of the hutongs this weekend, ? B.Basic sentence patterns:SVSVC&SVO 基本句型:主谓、主动补(主系表)和主谓宾 1. S and V in a sentence 句子中的主语和谓语 ♥An English sentence usually has a Subject (S)and a Verb(V) 英语句子一般含有一个主语(S)和一个谓语(V)。 ♥S is the main noun or pronoun in a sentence. It tells who or what the sentence is about. It performs the action of the V,主语是句中的主要名词或者代词，是一个句子所要描述的人或事物，是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。 e.g. Alex, she, it, the Earth, China, my friend, . ♥ is the main verb in a sentence. Most main verbs are action verbs.They tell what someone or something (S)does, or what happens to them.谓语是句子中的主要动词。大多数谓语动词都是行为动词，是关于主语发出的动作或发生在主语身上的动作。 e.g. drink, dance.think. walk.. ♥Some main verbs are linking verbs. A linking verb links the S (subject) and its state of being or qualities句子中的主要动词有时也由系动词充当。系动词是联系主语和主语的状态或特质的一类动词。e.g.am/is/are, look, get, feel,... 2. SV sentence pattern 主谓结构的句型 SV sentence-S(subject)+V(verb) “主语做什么，什么动作发生在主语身上’” e.g. S V The bus stops. The school gate opens. Yiming smiles. It rains. 3. C in a sentence子中的补语C is the complement of the S (subject) in a sentence. It usually gives information about the subject, such as qualities, state of being or identity. Most complements are nouns,noun phrases or adjectives.句子中主语的补语一般会告诉我们有关主语的信息，如特质、状态或身份等。补语往往由名词、名词性短语或形容词充当。 e.g.a cute boy, my favourite song: angry, busy, careful. .. 4. SVC sentence pattern 主动补结构的句型 SVC sentence =S (subject)+V(linking verb)+ C(complement) “主语是什么，怎么样” e.g S V C My favourite colour is green The dress looks nice We are middle school students. Harry is my friend. It is cold. The water feels Warm. I am sorry. 5.O in a sentence 子中的宾语 ♥Some verbs take an Object (O). 一些动词后可以接宾语。 ♥O is usually a noun, a pronoun or a noun phrase. It receives the action of the verb. 宾语一般由名词、代词或名词短语充当，是动作的接受者 5. SVO sentence pattern 主谓宾结构的句型 SVO sentence =S (subject)+V(verb)+O(object) “主语对宾语做了什么动作” e.g. S V O Yiming opens the schoolbag. Bailing asks a question. The students are introducing Themselves. They wear red scarves. 【总结及补充】 基本成分 1.主语:动作发出者，常位于句首。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 2.谓语:动作(有时态、语态、单复数之分) I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 3.宾语:动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 4.宾语补足语:补充说明宾语情况。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 5.表语(主语补足语):补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。 Lisa was happy. 6.状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 7.定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning 8.同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 五大基木句型 1.主语+谓语(vi) We work hard. 2.主语+谓语( vt.)+宾语 Tom bought a new book. 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 They offer me aiob. 4.主语+系动词+表语 Great talkers are little doers. 5.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾补 He made me go home. 【例题精讲】 1.What is the sentence pattern of“The dish smells terrible”? A. S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+0+OC 2.The temperature drops. The structure of the sentence is . A.S+V+DO B.S+V C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 3.The sentence structure of“She is walking along the lake.” is . A:S+V+O B，S+V C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+P 【拓展练习】 1.下面句子属于主谓宾结构的是 . A. Those are my brothers. B. There is a bag on my desk C.Cindy drinks milk every day. D. Have a nice day! 2. The shopping mall very early and it for twelve hours every day. A.opens;opens B.is open; is open C. opens; is open D. is open; opens 3. The shop near our school for about twelve hours a day. A. opens B. is open C. is opening D. is opened 4.-- there a “helping hands" meeting this weekend?_Yes, all the volunteers will go to it. A. Is; going to have B. Is; have C. Is; be D. Is; going to be 5.--- you free this weekend?---'m afraid not. I have to visit my friends. A. Do B. Does C. Are D.Is 6.下列句子不是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的是 . A. The ice-cream tastes good. B. Are you sure? C. I can play chess well 7. The family are making zongzi. A.谓语 B.主语 C.状语 D.表语 8. Li hua often helps her mother make breakfast. A.主语 B.状语 C.宾语 D.表语 9. Are you available tomorrow morning? A.主语+谓语+宾语 B.主语+谓语 C.主语+系动词+表语 10. Technology makes it possible to study at home. A.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 B.主语+谓语 C.主语+系动词+表语 【课后巩固】 1.Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完 成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(6分) 1.Letter E is the letter of the English alphabet.(five) 2.Tony is very helpful. He often me English when he is free.(teach) 3. My brother's favourite subjects are and Chinese.(France) 4. Please find out some between the two pictures. (different) 5.Lisa learns English by a notebook.(keep) 6. There are many kinds of outdoor .(activity) II.Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms.(10%) 1. The choir practised (sing)every weekend and their efforts were rewarded. When news (come) that they got the silver medal, all the members burst into tears of joy. 2.It usually (take) me 20 minutes to drive to school. But this morning I (spend) 2 hours (wait) helplessly in my car due to the heavy traffic! 3. I am thinking of (write) an email to my friend in Canada these days. I miss her a lot. 4. The head of the department often (make)them (work) overtime. 5.When the lady (arrive), the man (lie)at the roadside unconscious. She called the ambulance right away and waited till the medical team came for rescue. III. Sentence transformation.(5%) 1. His mother gave him 5 yuan and asked him to wash dishes after dinner His mother him 5 yuan to after dinner. 2.They celebrated their son's 11th birthday by throwing a family party. They threw a family party celebrate their son's 11th birthday. 3. She worked on the farm for two weeks and thought it exciting. She thought her on the farm exciting. 4. Sarah asked to be away for a year before university, because she offered to help poor people in Africa without being paid. Sarah help poor people in Africa, so she . 5.much,books,do,you.total.cost,in,these,how(连词成句) 阅读提高 Cloze (10%) It was the last math exam before summer. But Scott didn't worry. He was the best math student in the class, and he never had to work very hard at it. It used to make the other students 21 because he never studied, yet he always got the best mark. As usual.he was the 22 one done. The next day, a call came to his house and he was asked to go to the school. “But school is over and it's summertime now!” he thought. 23 he arrived at the school, his parents, the math teacher and the principal were there to meet him"Wow!’ he thought.“ must have scored 100 percent on the exam!” Sure enough, the principal said the meeting, was about his math exam. But what he said next left Scot stunned (震惊的).“You 24 ," the principal said. “Since you were a little kid, you have found math easy .But now you are at the point where you have taken your talent in math and 25 it. It's time for you learned that you couldn't just walk into an exam unprepared.” The principal continued, “I was like you when I was a boy.My 26 was in science. I didn't need to study for science at all. I was the class ace (顶尖高手). But one day, I failed a big exam. You see this picture? It was given to me by my science teacher that day. This ugly-looking bird is called a buzzard.Read 27 it says at the bottom. Scott read it aloud, “.Welcome to the Buzzard Club. Remember, it's not about brains. It's about hard work.” “A buzzard can only fly if it gets a running start," the principal 28 . “It can't just leap into the air like other birds. But once it's in the air, it can soar (高飞) to great heights. Keep this bird in mind. Remember, 29 is like that running start. Combined with your natural ability, it will 30 you to fly like a bird!” Scott became a proud member of the Buzzard Club. And he never failed a math exam again. 21.A. mad B. calm C. lonely D.relaxed 22.A. first B.second C. third D. last 23.A. Since B. Until C. When D.Whenever 24.A. won B. failed C. passed D. graduated 25. A. kept B. valued C. wasted D. realized 26.A. mind B. gift C. breath D. change 27. A. where B. when C.how D. what 28.A. agreed B. suggested C. promised D.explained 29.A. flying B. running C. studying D. dreaming 30.A. force B. allow C. invite D. advise 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$