精品解析：河南省2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末联考英语试题

河南省普通高中2024—2025学年（下） 高一年级期末考试 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What concerns the man? A. A long line. B. A school performance. C. A stage design. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A new bookshop. B. A part-time job. C. A strange customer. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At school. B. At home. C. In the store. 4. What did the woman think of the science museum? A. Amazing. B. Regrettable. C. Boring. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman’s favourite hobby? A. Travelling. B. Painting. C. Photographing. 7. Why does the woman choose the hobby? A. To seek calmness. B. To record moments. C. To visit many places. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man doing? A. Asking for permission. B. Explaining reasons. C. Attending an exam. 9. What does the man usually do before going to bed? A. Turn off the alarm. B. Enjoy videos. C. Organise the room. 10. What does the woman remind the man to do at last? A. Make a work-plan. B. Have a good sleep. C. Avoid being late， 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What colour is the man’s phone case? A. Yellow. B. Blue. C. Red. 12. Where did the man find his phone? A. In his bag. B. Behind the sofa. C. In the pocket. 13. What does the woman think of the man? A. He needs a doctor. B. He acts carelessly. C. He is heartbroken. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Who is the woman? A. A guest. B. A professor. C. A hostess. 15. What made Ben start his project? A. Littered plastics. B. Recycled bottles. C. School tasks. 16. What is the earned money used for? A. Placing containers. B. Collecting bottles. C. Buying plants. 17. What is Ben’s expectation? A. To be creative. B. To inspire other schools. C. To build beautiful gardens. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why is the speaker giving this speech? A. To give a yearly report. B. To make a brief introduction. C. To provide practical recommendations. 19. What activities will be included? A. Talent shows. B. Welcoming parties. C. Author visits. 20. What is suggested by the speaker? A. Valuing the library. B. Donating books. C. Volunteering to help. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A How National Dishes Tell Stories of Culture The special tastes and smells of a country’s signature dish can share rich stories about its spirit, history, and culture. Argentina: Asados Argentina is world-famous for its excellent beef cattle. Its national dish, asados, is a mix of meats cooked over fire. It usually includes steaks, sausages, and some pork parts. This tradition started in the 16th century when European settlers brought cattle to Argentina. Azerbaijan: Plov Located between the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan is known for plov — rice cooked in tasty soup. Cooks make it in many ways, often adding lamb, saffron, fried fruits, or honey. People serve plov at important events like weddings. Experts believe it originally came from Persia. Bahamas: Cracked Conch (海螺) In the Bahamas, conch is eaten in many styles. The most famous is cracked conch, which is breaded and deep fried. The name comes from how it’s prepared: to soften the tough meat, people hit it with a special-shaped stick. Grand Bahama Island even holds a yearly Conch Cracking Contest! Bahrain: Machboos Bahrain’s national dish, spicy chicken machboos, is popular across the Middle East but it tastes best in this island nation. Families traditionally eat it for Friday lunch. The dish combines Persian and Indian tastes using various spices (香料) like ginger, chili, and cinnamon. A special technique makes it unique: the water used to cook the chicken is later used to cook the rice, mixing all the tastes together. 1. When did asados become a traditional dish in Argentina? A. Before the 16th century came. B. Before Europeans settled down. C. After the material was introduced. D. After Argentina became world-famous. 2. How is cracked conch named? A. By its special appearance. B. By its cooking equipment. C. By its geographical feature. D. By its preparation method. 3. What do plov and machboos have in common? A. Both are cooked with rice. B. Both include different spices. C. Both are served at important events. D. Both originate from a different country. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家的国菜及其背后的文化故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Argentina: Asados部分中“This tradition started in the 16th century when European settlers brought cattle to Argentina. (这个传统始于16世纪，当时欧洲殖民者把牛带到了阿根廷。)”可知，asados成为阿根廷的传统菜肴是在食材（牛）被引入之后。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bahamas: Cracked Conch (海螺)部分中“The most famous is cracked conch, which is breaded and deep fried. The name comes from how it’s prepared: to soften the tough meat, people hit it with a special-shaped stick. (最著名的是炸海螺，它裹上面包屑后油炸。这个名字来源于它的准备方式：为了让肉变软，人们用一种特殊形状的棍子敲打它。)”可知，cracked conch（炸海螺）是根据其准备方法命名的。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Azerbaijan: Plov部分中“Azerbaijan is known for plov — rice cooked in tasty soup. (阿塞拜疆以其美味的汤煮米饭plov而闻名。)”以及Bahrain: Machboos部分中“A special technique makes it unique: the water used to cook the chicken is later used to cook the rice, mixing all the tastes together. (一种特殊的烹饪技巧使它与众不同：用来煮鸡肉的水后来被用来煮米饭，把所有的味道混合在一起。)”可知，plov和machboos的共同之处是两者都是用米饭烹制的。故选A。 B A community project in England called “Frome’s Missing Links” is creating a safe path through the countryside for walkers and cyclists. The newest section of this path, known as Stage 2, stretches (延伸) 1.3 kilometers between Colliers Way and Elliots Lane. Originally built in 2018, its surface was too uneven for comfortable use. Thanks to successful public donations collected in 2024, workers have now covered this section with smooth materials, making it suitable for bicycles, wheelchairs, and horses. The improved path officially reopened on April 26th at a celebration attended by local leaders. Volunteers began preparing this area back in 2015, Over 120 helpers cleared head-high plants and removed old train tracks during the first weekend alone. They worked for several years, building steps and placing long seats made from old railway materials. Project leader Richard Ackroyd explained their progress: “We had support from the rail company to deal with land ownership challenges.” The path now connects directly to Route 24 of the national bike network. This improvement matters because it provides a safe environment for narrow country roads between Frome and Radstock. Geoff Pell from the project noted: “Many people consider road cycling dangerous. This gives them a safe place to exercise.” Funding came from different sources — £30,000 from the local government, £27,000 from public donations, plus support from sports organizations. An unnamed person promised to match donations, helping to complete the £140,000 upgrade. Looking ahead, two remaining sections need completion. The northern path requires bridges and an underground passage, while the southern connection toward Longleat is a little simple. Ackroyd believes the southern section might finish first. This entire project forms part of a larger 76-mile traffic-free Somerset Circle route connecting local towns. Other community groups are working on nearby sections to complete this valuable network across the region. 4. What was the main improvement made to Stage 2? A. More lights were added. B. The road was smoothed. C. The road was lengthened. D. Wasted materials were removed. 5. What did volunteers do at first to help with the project? A. They built bridges. B. They cleared the ground. C. They collected donations. D. They designed the bike path. 6. What can we know about the money for the upgrade? A. Sports groups paid most costs. B. It came only from public donations. C. An unknown person helped fill the funding gap. D. The local government contributed the highest amount. 7. What do we know about the project? A. It connects some local towns. B. It’s a 76-mile circle route. C. It was fully completed last year. D. It monitors the local traffic. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍英国“Frome’s Missing Links”社区项目的进展、改进及未来规划。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Originally built in 2018, its surface was too uneven for comfortable use. Thanks to successful public donations collected in 2024, workers have now covered this section with smooth materials, making it suitable for bicycles, wheelchairs, and horses.(该路段始建于2018年，路面凹凸不平，使用起来很不舒服。得益于2024年成功的公众捐款，工人们现在用光滑的材料覆盖了这段路面，使其适合自行车、轮椅和马匹通行。)”可知，第二阶段的主要改进是路面被平整了。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Volunteers began preparing this area back in 2015, Over 120 helpers cleared head-high plants and removed old train tracks during the first weekend alone.(早在2015年，志愿者就开始准备这个区域，仅在第一个周末，就有120多名志愿者清理了齐头高的植物，拆除了旧铁轨。)”可知，志愿者最初帮忙清理了场地。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Funding came from different sources—£30,000 from the local government, £27,000 from public donations, plus support from sports organizations. An unnamed person promised to match donations, helping to complete the £140,000 upgrade.(资金来源多样——当地政府提供3万英镑，公众捐款2.7万英镑，还有体育组织的支持。一位不知名的人士承诺匹配捐款，助力完成这项14万英镑的升级工程。)”可知，一位不知名的人士帮助填补了资金缺口。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This entire project forms part of a larger 76-mile traffic-free Somerset Circle route connecting local towns.(整个项目是更长的76英里无交通 Somerset Circle 路线的一部分，该路线连接着当地的一些城镇。)”可知，这个项目连接了一些当地的城镇。故选A项。 C In recent years, more people have become interested in building homes away from Earth — not just on the Moon or Mars, but also under the ocean. Living under the sea is not a new idea. In the 1960s, French ocean expert Jacques Cousteau started building underwater homes. Since 2001, NASA has also sent people to a research centre called the Aquarius Reef Base, located about 20 meters below the sea near Florida. Scientists usually stay there for one to two weeks. Now, a British company called Deep is working on new technology to help people live underwater for longer. But the question is: can humans really live in such a difficult place? Humans are not strong without air, sunlight or normal pressure. So life under the sea is not easy. But we have lived in other hard places before. For example, astronauts have stayed on the International Space Station for long periods. The longest stay in space was 437 days. However, long stays in space can hurt health. Astronauts often lose bone and muscle (肌肉) strength. What about living under the sea? A German engineer, Rudiger Koch, staved under the sea for 120 days and had no health problems. Another man, Professor Joseph Dituri, stayed under the sea for 100 days. He felt even healthier after the stay. His sleep and memory improved, and his body aged more slowly. Still, we don’t know much about long-term life underwater. That’s why Deep is building two special underwater homes. One is for short stays, and the other is a larger home where people can live for 28 days at a time, even 200 meters under the sea. The goal is to allow researchers to spend more time living underwater and enable them to study the ocean floor as well as the effects of living underwater. Living under the sea is not easy because of the pressure. But if researchers stay in these homes long enough, their bodies will adapt to it. Deep hopes these tests will help us one day live underwater for months — or even years — like in a real-life Atlantis. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By presenting rising interest. B. By detailing underwater projects. C. By discussing deep sea living challenges. D. By questioning the possibilities of living under the sea. 9. What is the main challenge highlighted by the question in paragraph 3? A. Achieving 437-day habitation in space. B. Surviving without basic natural resources. C. Preventing rapid aging during underwater activities. D. Maintaining bone strength in extreme environments. 10. What can be inferred about underwater living from the examples? A. Short stays provide exact health data. B. 200-meter depth causes lasting harm. C. Long-term impacts remain largely uncertain. D. Existing underwater homes remove all health risks. 11. Why does the author mention “a real-life Atlantis” in the last paragraph? A. To compare ancient stories with NASA projects. B. To highlight the imaginary nature of Deep’s plans. C. To complain about unrealistic technological goals. D. To symbolize the goal of long-term underwater living. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨海底居住的可行性。以历史案例切入，分析生存挑战，对比太空居住对健康的损害，通过现代实验论证可能性，最终落脚英国Deep公司的科研目标：实现亚特兰蒂斯式长期海底居住。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In recent years, more people have become interested in building homes away from Earth — not just on the Moon or Mars, but also under the ocean. (近年来，越来越多的人开始对在地球之外建造房屋产生了兴趣——不仅是在月球或火星上，还有在海底。)”以及第二段“Living under the sea is not a new idea. In the 1960s, French ocean expert Jacques Cousteau started building underwater homes. Since 2001, NASA has also sent people to a research centre called the Aquarius Reef Base, located about 20 meters below the sea near Florida. (生活在海底并非什么新鲜的想法。早在20世纪60年代，法国海洋专家雅克·库斯托就开始建造海底住所。自2001年以来，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）还曾将人员送往一个名为“阿夸里亚斯礁基地”的研究中心，该基地位于佛罗里达州附近海平面以下约 20 米处。)”可知，文章开篇前两段用历史案例呈现了越来越多的人对居住在海底感兴趣，由此引出文章的主题。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Humans are not strong without air, sunlight or normal pressure. (人类若没有空气、阳光或正常的压力，就无法生存。)”可知，没有空气、阳光和正常的气压这些基础自然资源，人类无法生存。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Still, we don’t know much about long-term life underwater. (不过，我们对于在水下长期生存情况还知之甚少。)”可知，水下生活的长期影响仍存在很大的不确定性。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Deep hopes these tests will help us one day live underwater for months — or even years — like in a real-life Atlantis. (这些测试让我们深感期待，希望有一天我们能够像在现实版的亚特兰蒂斯那样，在水下生活数月甚至数年。)”可知，作者在最后一段中提及“现实世界中的亚特兰蒂斯”是为了以此象征长期水下生活的目标。故选D。 D A new study finds that house cats can tell the difference between the smell of their owner and the smell of a stranger. The study was done by Tokyo University of Agriculture. In the study, 30 cats were shown three plastic tubes (管子). One tube had the smell of their owner, one had the smell of a stranger, and the last one had no smell. The smells were taken from under the arm, behind the ear, and between the toes (脚趾头) of the people. The researchers found that cats spent more time smelling the tube with the stranger’s smell than the one with their owner’s smell or the one with no smell. This means that cats can know whether a person is familiar or not just by their smell. Cats are known to have a strong sense of smell. They use it to talk with other cats. But this study finds that they may also use smell to demarcate people. Other studies in the past have found that cats can also know people by their voice. They can even change their behaviour when they sense that someone is happy or angry. However the researchers are not sure if cats can know exactly who a person is by their smell. To answer that question, more studies are needed. One researcher Hidehiko Uchiyama, said they need to show cats the smells of many people they know, and look for special behaviours when the cats smell their owner’s smell. Another expert, Serenella d’Ingeo, said that we don’t know how the cats felt when smelling the different tubes-whether they were relaxed or nervous. The researchers also saw that after smelling the tubes, cats sometimes brushed their faces against them. This is a way cats mark things with their own smell, which might mean sniffing (嗅) is part of exploring. In the end, the study finds that cats use their nose to know if a person is someone they know or not. 12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study? A. Its results. B. Its effect. C. Its progress. D. Its procedures. 13. What does the underlined word “demarcate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Give in to. B. Tell apart. C. Look forward to. D. Check out. 14. What is the researchers’ attitude to cats’ recognising specific people by smell? A. Uncertain. B. Confident. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Smell’s Role in Cat Socialising B. Cats Like Strange Smells More C. Cats Can Use Smell to Know Humans D. Cats’ Unique Ability to Recognise Voices 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现猫可以通过气味来区分主人和陌生人。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study was done by Tokyo University of Agriculture. In the study, 30 cats were shown three plastic tubes (管子). One tube had the smell of their owner, one had the smell of a stranger, and the last one had no smell. The smells were taken from under the arm, behind the ear, and between the toes (脚趾头) of the people.(这项研究是由东京农业大学进行的。在这项研究中，30只猫被展示了三根塑料管。一根管子有它们主人的气味，一根有陌生人的气味，最后一根没有气味。这些气味取自人的腋下、耳后和脚趾间)”可知，第二段主要介绍了研究的过程，包括使用的猫的数量、展示的塑料管及其气味来源等。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The researchers found that cats spent more time smelling the tube with the stranger’s smell than the one with their owner’s smell or the one with no smell. This means that cats can know whether a person is familiar or not just by their smell. Cats are known to have a strong sense of smell. They use it to talk with other cats. But this study finds that they may also use smell to demarcate people.(研究人员发现，猫闻带有陌生人气味的管子的时间比闻带有主人气味的管子或没有气味的管子的时间更长。这意味着猫仅凭气味就能知道一个人是否熟悉。众所周知，猫的嗅觉很灵敏。它们用嗅觉与其他猫交流。但这项研究发现，它们可能也会用嗅觉来demarcate不同的人)”可知，猫有很强的嗅觉，它们用嗅觉来和其他猫交流，而这项研究发现它们可能也用嗅觉来区分人，因此demarcate在这里的意思是“区分，辨别”，与Tell apart意思相近。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, the researchers are not sure if cats can know exactly who a person is by their smell. To answer that question, more studies are needed.(然而，研究人员并不确定猫是否能通过气味准确地知道一个人是谁。要回答这个问题，还需要更多的研究)”可知，研究人员对于猫能否通过气味准确识别特定的人还不确定，还需要更多的研究来证实。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“A new study finds that house cats can tell the difference between the smell of their owner and the smell of a stranger.(一项新的研究发现，家猫能够区分主人的气味和陌生人的气味)”以及最后一段“In the end, the study finds that cats use their nose to know if a person is someone they know or not.(最后，研究发现猫用鼻子来判断一个人是否是它们认识的人)”可知，本文主要讲述的是研究发现猫可以通过气味来区分主人和陌生人，因此C选项“Cats Can Use Smell to Know Humans(猫可以用气味来识别人)”最符合文章主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our homes use a lot of energy every day. This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.___16___Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings. To protect our planet, we need to find ways to use less energy at home. Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.___17___Here are three easy things you can do. Open a window. When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner. Opening a window can let fresh air in and make your home feel cooler. If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.___18___ Use ceiling(天花板) fans. Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.___19___In some areas, using fans instead of air conditioning can reduce energy use and pollution by up to 76%. If you have a fan at home, try using it more often. Make your roof reflect sunlight. ___20___A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. This helps your home stay cooler and reduces the need for air conditioning. You can talk to a builder about special reflective roof paint. It can help you save both energy and money in the long run, A. A light roof saves much on energy bills. B. The roof gets a lot of sunlight during the day. C. They use much less energy than air conditioners. D. Therefore, air conditioners are far from satisfactory. E. However, using too much energy can cause serious problems. F. But in fact, there are simple and low-cost ways to reduce energy use. G. This simple action can save up to 45% of cooling energy, depending on the weather. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇环保类说明文，主要介绍了三种家庭节能措施。 【16题详解】 根据首段第二句“This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.(这种能量用于照明、加热、冷却和运行家用电器等目的)”以及空后的句子“Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings.(事实上，世界上超过四分之一的二氧化碳——一种使地球变得更暖的气体——来自建筑中使用的能源)”可知，空既要承接第二句的能源话题，又要引出二氧化碳排放这一负面情况。选项E表示“然而，使用过多的能源会导致严重问题”满足承上启下的作用。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据首段第二空前一句“Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.(许多人认为他们必须购买新的、昂贵的设备来节约能源)”以及空后的句子“Here are three easy things you can do.(这里有三件你可以做的简单的事)”可知，空要引出“有办法减少能源使用”这一话题才能起到承上启下的作用。选项F表示“但事实上，有一些简单而低成本的方法可以减少能源的使用”符合要求。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据“Open a window.”部分首句“When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner.(天气不是太热时，比如在春天或晚上，你不需要总是开空调)”以及空前的句子“If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.(如果你打开房间相对两侧的两扇窗户，空气就能流通，使房间感觉更舒适)”可知，空要说明天气的情况与开窗的方式结合在一起能节能以承接上文。选项G表示“这个简单的动作可以节省高达45%的冷却能源，具体取决于天气”符合要求，而且weather这个词是原词复现。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据“Use ceiling fans.”部分首句“Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.(风扇不会使空气变冷，但它们会使空气流动，这有助于人们感觉更凉爽)”可知，这是描述风扇的情况，空在其后，要和该句保持话题一致，即主语要用fans或they。选项C表示“它们使用的能源比空调少得多”符合要求，they是原词复现。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据“Make your roof reflect sunlight.”部分中的“A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. (深色屋顶会吸收热量，而白色或银色屋顶则会将阳光反射出去)”可知，这是描述屋顶颜色与吸热、反射阳光的关系。空在它之前，要总述屋顶与阳光的关系才能引出下文内容。B选项表示“屋顶在白天获得大量的阳光”符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a 17-year-old student living in a small town in Assam. One day, I declared my desire to___21___a smartphone to my father. However, he___22___that we were facing monetary___23___and could not afford it, I ___24___, but I had another idea — I wanted to go to Bangalore. I had just___25___my Class 10 exams, and my brother was employed in Bangalore. Many people from our village were moving there for work. I became___26___and asked my family to let me___27___the city before Class 11 started. At first, they refused, but I___28___convinced them. After a 54-hour train___29___, I arrived in Bangalore. I was too young to work, but with my brother’s help, I___30___employment as a waiter. I earned ___31___funds to buy a phone and save for my next school term. In 2016, I returned to Bangalore and worked again. I kept saving money to___32___my education. In 2017, I worked in a restaurant. Seeing students there made me want to___33___in Bangalore too. My family said they would support me if I___34___75% in my Class 12 exams. I worked hard and achieved that goal. From a small town boy to an analyst (分析师) at a top company, my journey proves that hard work and hope can lead to___35___. 21. A. buy B. repair C. charge D. donate 22. A. recommended B. explained C. demanded D. pictured 23. A. statements B. strategies C. difficulties D. balances 24. A. opposed B. challenged C. claimed D. understood 25. A. checked B. prepared C. finished D. started 26. A. distracted B. curious C. committed D. emotional 27. A. visit B. appreciate C. defend D. beautify 28. A. similarly B. fortunately C. ultimately D. occasionally 29. A. schedule B. journey C. track D. route 30. A. promoted B. offered C. sought D. secured 31. A. sufficient B. public C. limited D. reserved 32. A. pay for B. go through C. adapt to D. reflect on 33. A. locate B. study C. live D. travel 34. A. occupied B. survived C. scored D. updated 35. A. love B. contribution C. benefit D. success 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了17岁的作者因家里买不起智能手机，说服家人去班加罗尔，在哥哥帮助下打工赚钱，兼顾学业，最终成为顶级公司分析师，证明努力和希望能带来成功。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我向父亲表达了自己想要买一部智能手机的愿望。A. buy购买；B. repair修理；C. charge收费；D. donate捐赠。根据后文“funds to buy a phone”可知，作者想要买手机。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他解释说我们正面临经济困难，无法买得起，我明白这一点，但我又有了另一个想法——我想去班加罗尔。A. recommended推荐；B. explained解释；C. demanded要求；D. pictured想象。后文“that we were facing monetary”是父亲在解释家里的情况，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他解释说我们正面临经济困难，无法买得起，我明白这一点，但我又有了另一个想法——我想去班加罗尔。A. statements声明；B. strategies策略；C. difficulties困难；D. balances平衡。根据后文“and could not afford it”可知，买不起因为有经济困难。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他解释说我们正面临经济困难，无法买得起，我明白这一点，但我又有了另一个想法——我想去班加罗尔。A. opposed反对；B. challenged挑战；C. claimed声称；D. understood理解。上文父亲解释了无法买手机的原因，作者表示理解，对应后文作者自己工作挣钱买手机，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚完成了十年级的考试，而我的哥哥则在班加罗尔工作。A. checked检查；B. prepared准备；C. finished结束；D. started开始。根据后文“my Class 10 exams”和“before Class 11 started.”可知作者完成了十年级的考试，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我产生了好奇，于是请求家人允许我在11班开学前先去那个城市走一走。A. distracted心烦意乱的；B. curious好奇的；C. committed投入的；D. emotional情感的。根据上文“Many people from our village were moving there for work.(我们村里的许多人都前往那里工作了)”以及作者也去了那里，推测作者对此好奇。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我产生了好奇，于是请求家人允许我在11班开学前先去那个城市走一走。A. visit参观；B. appreciate感激；C. defend防御；D. beautify美化。根据后文“the city before Class 11 started”可知，作者想去参观这个城市，后文“I arrived in Bangalore.”也是提示。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初他们拒绝了，但我最终说服了他们。A. similarly类似；B. fortunately幸运地；C. ultimately最后；D. occasionally偶尔。根据后文“I arrived in Bangalore.”作者去了班加罗尔，推测最终说服了父母。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过54个小时的火车行程，我终于抵达了班加罗尔。A. schedule计划表；B. journey旅程；C. track小道；D. route路线。根据上文“a 54-hour train”指经过54个小时的火车行程，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当时年纪尚小无法工作，但在哥哥的帮助下，我终于找到了一份服务员的工作。A. promoted促进；B. offered提议；C. sought寻找；D. secured固定，获得。根据后文“employment as a waiter”可知，作者获得了服务员的工作。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我攒够了足够的钱来买一部手机，并为下学期的学习生活做了一些储蓄。A. sufficient充足的；B. public公众的；C. limited限制；D. reserved预定。根据后文“funds to buy a phone”可知，作者攒够了足够的钱来买一部手机，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直攒钱以支付我的学费。A. pay for支付；B. go through通过；C. adapt to适应；D. reflect on反思。根据上文“save for my next school term”可知，作者攒钱支付学费。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到那里的学生们，让我也产生了想去班加罗尔学习的想法。A. locate定位；B. study学习；C. live居住；D. travel旅行。根据上文“Seeing students there”以及后文“75% in my Class 12 exams”可知，作者当时还是学生，所以看到那里的学生们也产生了想去班加罗尔学习的想法。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人说，如果我在十二年级的考试中能取得75%的分数，他们就会全力支持我。A. occupied占据；B. survived幸存；C. scored得分；D. updated更新。根据后文“75% in my Class 12 exams”指取得75%的分数，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从一个小镇上的孩子到一家顶级公司的分析师，我的经历证明，努力工作和满怀希望能够带来成功。A. love爱；B. contribution贡献；C. benefit益处；D. success成功。根据上文“an analyst at a top company”可知，作者成为顶级公司的分析师，证明了努力工作和满怀希望能够带来成功。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 1,500 documents and pictures are on show at the Beijing Municipal Archives (档案馆) ____36____ (celebrate) the 80th anniversary (周年纪念) of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931—1945) and the World Anti-Fascist War. These materials come from the archives of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei ____37____ Shanxi provinces, as well as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. They show how the army and ordinary people in northern China ____38____ (brave) fought against foreign invasion (侵略) and worked hard for national ____39____ (independent). One of the main parts of the exhibition (展览), including files about battle situations, plans, and military guidance, ____40____ (show) the important role the Communist Party of China played during wartime, according to Wang Zhen, ____41____ is in charge of the exhibition. He said, “The history of this war, ____42____ (make) up of many true events, was well recorded. By presenting historical archives, we can better understand the great importance of this part of Chinese history.” At the exhibition, ____43____ old visitor named Zhao Aimin said it is very important for young people to learn this history and help the country grow even ____44____ (strong). The exhibition is also part of the celebration of the 18th International Archives Day, which aims to help people value historical ____45____ (record) and the work of archivists. 【答案】36. to celebrate 37. and 38. bravely 39. independence 40. shows 41. who 42. made 43. an 44. stronger 45. records 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了北京市档案馆为纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年举办的档案展览，通过展示多地珍贵史料揭示历史真相，并强调其现实意义。 【36题详解】 考查不定式。句意：为纪念中国人民抗日战争（1931—1945年）暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，北京市档案馆展出了1500余件档案文献与历史图片。根据语境可知，句子表示“为纪念中国人民抗日战争（1931—1945年）暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，北京市档案馆展出了1500余件档案文献与历史图片”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to celebrate。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：这些展品源自北京、天津、河北、山西四省市及内蒙古自治区档案馆。Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei和Shanxi是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：它们展示了中国北方的军队和普通人民如何勇敢地抵抗外国入侵，争取民族独立。空格处用副词bravely修饰动词fought，bravely意为“勇敢地”。故填bravely。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们展示了中国北方的军队和普通人民如何勇敢地抵抗外国入侵，争取民族独立。national是形容词，修饰名词，independent的名词是independence，是不可数名词，意为“独立”，作for宾语。故填independence。 【40题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据展览负责人王震介绍，本次展览的核心板块之一集中展示了战时军事态势文件、作战计划及战略指导等档案，凸显了中国共产党在抗战中发挥的中流砥柱作用。空格处是谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语One of the main parts of the exhibition作主语，是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填shows。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据展览负责人王震介绍，本次展览的核心板块之一集中展示了战时军事态势文件、作战计划及战略指导等档案，凸显了中国共产党在抗战中发挥的中流砥柱作用。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Wang Zhen是人，因此用who引导定语从句，故填who。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这段由无数真实事件铸就的历史已被详实记载。句中谓语是was well recorded，空格处用非谓语动词，The history of this war和make之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填made。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：展览现场，一位名叫赵爱民的老年观众感慨道：“年轻人了解这段历史至关重要，唯有铭记过去，才能助力国家更加强大。”visitor是可数名词的单数形式，句中表泛指“一位……观众”，前面要加不定冠词，old是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 【44题详解】 考查比较级。句意：展览现场，一位名叫赵爱民的老年观众感慨道：“年轻人了解这段历史至关重要，唯有铭记过去，才能助力国家更加强大。”even修饰比较级，strong的比较级是stronger，作表语，故填stronger。 【45题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：此次展览亦是第十八个“国际档案日”系列活动的重要组成部分，旨在提升公众对历史档案价值的认知，弘扬档案工作者的专业精神。record是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，故填records。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你看到China Daily上以“我印象中的校园”为题的英文作品征稿活动，请用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.校园介绍； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.写作词数应80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： My school, located among trees of vivid greens, is a place of both beauty and energy Modern teaching buildings house well-equipped labs and a large library, while the sports field is constantly busy with activities. Thick greenery lines the paths, creating a peaceful atmosphere. What truly defines my school, however, is its spirit. The campus is filled with academic passion and friendly chat. Teachers are supportive guides, and classmates feel like family. Every corner, from the lively classrooms to the quiet reading corners, encourages growth and warm connections. I deeply cherish my time here; it’s not just a place of learning, but a source of genuine happiness and heartfelt pride. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生看到China Daily上以“我印象中的校园”为题的英文作品征稿活动，请用英语写一篇文章投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 位于：locate→situate 充满：be filled with→be full of 珍视：cherish→treasure 鼓励：encourage→inspire 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：My school, located among trees of vivid greens, is a place of both beauty and energy. 拓展句：My school, which is located among trees of vivid greens, is a place that combines beauty and energy. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Modern teaching buildings house well-equipped labs and a large library, while the sports field is constantly busy with activities.（运用 while引导的并列句） 【高分句型 2】What truly defines my school, however, is its spirit.（运用what引导的主语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every spring, Mother’s garden turned into a sea of colours dancing in the wind. When I was little, I believed they simply came out of the earth like magic. I never imagined that beauty had to be earned. That changed when I was six. One cold, grey afternoon in late November, Mother called me outside. I walked out, wrapped in my thick coat, hoping it wouldn’t take long. She bent down in the flowerbed, holding a paper bag that smelled like wet earth. “These are flower bulbs(球茎),” she said. “We’re planting them today.” I looked inside. “They look like onions,” I said. Mother laughed. “They’re not much to look at now. But with time, care, and patience, they’ll become beautiful flowers by spring.” I fixed my eyes on the lifeless bulbs, and then on the hard ground. “But it’s freezing(结冰).Nothing’s going to grow here.” “They will,” she said gently, handing me a trowel(铲子). “If you’re willing to wait.” Unwillingly, I helped plant them. We dug holes, placed each bulb in like a sleeping child, and covered them with cold soil. When we finished, the garden looked exactly the same: flat, brown, empty. “So… that’s it?” I asked. “Nothing to show for it?” “Now, we wait,” she said, cleaning her hands. I wasn’t very good at waiting. That winter, I checked the flowerbed constantly. Nearly every morning, the first thing I did was running to the garden to check whether there were some changes. I tried everything I could, like brushing away snow and removing possible threats. “Nothing’s happening!” I complained. “Maybe we did it wrong. Why wait months when you could just buy what you wanted??” Mother only smiled. “Some things are growing slowly. Give them time.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 By February, I was convinced we’d failed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, one morning in March, I saw it—a tiny green shoot. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： By February, I was convinced we’d failed. The ground remained hard and bare, ignoring my daily searches for any sign of life. Snow covered it completely, hiding any possible progress. My earlier complaints grew louder. “They’re frozen forever,” I declared to Mother, kicking uselessly at the icy surface. “We wasted our time!” Mother, however, remained calm, her expression peaceful. “Nature has its own clock,” she reminded me gently. “Trust the process, even when you cannot see it.” Her quiet confidence offered little comfort against my impatient disappointment. However, one morning in March, I saw it—a tiny green shoot. My heart leaped with sudden joy! I rushed inside, shouting, “Mother, come quick! It’s happening!” We bent together beside the brave little shoot. Then, more shoots followed, growing stronger daily under the warmer sun. By spring, the once empty flowerbed exploded into a familiar sea of colours, dancing joyfully in the wind. Staring at the earned beauty, I finally understood: true wonder isn’t found instantly; it blossoms only through patient faith and persistent care, making the final reward infinitely sweeter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述小时候“我”认为妈妈花园里春天盛开的花朵像魔法一样自然出现，直到6岁时和妈妈在11月寒冷的一天种植球茎，“我”开始期待它们春天发芽开花，期间不断查看，却因漫长等待未见变化而抱怨。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“到了二月，我确信我们失败了。”可知，第一段可描写到二月时 “我” 坚信种植失败的情况。地面依旧荒芜，被雪覆盖，“我”向妈妈抱怨，认为白费时间，而妈妈依旧淡定，提醒 “我”要相信自然的节奏，突出“我”的失望与妈妈的从容形成对比。 ②由第二段首句内容“然而，在三月的一个早晨，我看到了它 —— 一株小小的绿芽。”可知，第二段可描写三月的一个早晨看到绿色嫩芽后的情景。“我”兴奋地叫妈妈来看，之后更多嫩芽出现，春天时花园变回五彩斑斓，“我”领悟到真正的美好需要耐心和坚持，强调 “我”从看到嫩芽到花园盛开后的感悟。 2.续写线索：二月地面荒芜“我”抱怨——妈妈淡定提醒 ——二月看到嫩芽“我”兴奋 ——更多嫩芽出现 ——春天花园盛开——“我”领悟道理 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①忽略：ignore /neglect ②提醒：remind /alert ③领悟：understand /comprehend 情绪类： ①失望: disappointment/frustration ②喜悦：joy/pleasure 【点睛】【高分句型 1】The ground remained hard and bare, ignoring my daily searches for any sign of life.（运用了现在分词ignoring作状语 ） 【高分句型 2】Trust the process, even when you cannot see it.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句 ） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 河南省普通高中2024—2025学年（下） 高一年级期末考试 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What concerns the man? A. A long line. B. A school performance. C. A stage design. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A new bookshop. B. A part-time job. C. A strange customer. 3 Where does the conversation take place? A. At school. B. At home. C. In the store. 4. What did the woman think of the science museum? A. Amazing. B. Regrettable. C. Boring. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What is the woman’s favourite hobby? A. Travelling. B. Painting. C. Photographing. 7. Why does the woman choose the hobby? A. To seek calmness. B. To record moments. C. To visit many places. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man doing? A. Asking for permission. B. Explaining reasons. C. Attending an exam. 9. What does the man usually do before going to bed? A. Turn off the alarm. B. Enjoy videos. C. Organise the room. 10. What does the woman remind the man to do at last? A. Make a work-plan. B. Have a good sleep. C. Avoid being late， 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What colour is the man’s phone case? A. Yellow. B. Blue. C. Red. 12. Where did the man find his phone? A. In his bag. B. Behind the sofa. C. In the pocket. 13. What does the woman think of the man? A. He needs a doctor. B. He acts carelessly. C. He is heartbroken. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Who is the woman? A. A guest. B. A professor. C. A hostess. 15. What made Ben start his project? A. Littered plastics. B. Recycled bottles. C. School tasks. 16. What is the earned money used for? A. Placing containers. B. Collecting bottles. C. Buying plants. 17. What is Ben’s expectation? A. To be creative. B. To inspire other schools. C. To build beautiful gardens. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why is the speaker giving this speech? A. To give a yearly report. B. To make a brief introduction. C. To provide practical recommendations. 19. What activities will be included? A. Talent shows. B. Welcoming parties. C. Author visits. 20. What is suggested by the speaker? A. Valuing the library. B. Donating books. C. Volunteering to help. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A How National Dishes Tell Stories of Culture The special tastes and smells of a country’s signature dish can share rich stories about its spirit history, and culture. Argentina: Asados Argentina is world-famous for its excellent beef cattle. Its national dish, asados, is a mix of meats cooked over fire. It usually includes steaks, sausages, and some pork parts. This tradition started in the 16th century when European settlers brought cattle to Argentina. Azerbaijan: Plov Located between the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan is known for plov — rice cooked in tasty soup. Cooks make it in many ways, often adding lamb, saffron, fried fruits, or honey. People serve plov at important events like weddings. Experts believe it originally came from Persia. Bahamas: Cracked Conch (海螺) In the Bahamas, conch is eaten in many styles. The most famous is cracked conch, which is breaded and deep fried. The name comes from how it’s prepared: to soften the tough meat, people hit it with a special-shaped stick. Grand Bahama Island even holds a yearly Conch Cracking Contest! Bahrain: Machboos Bahrain’s national dish, spicy chicken machboos, is popular across the Middle East but it tastes best in this island nation. Families traditionally eat it for Friday lunch. The dish combines Persian and Indian tastes using various spices (香料) like ginger, chili, and cinnamon. A special technique makes it unique: the water used to cook the chicken is later used to cook the rice, mixing all the tastes together. 1 When did asados become a traditional dish in Argentina? A. Before the 16th century came. B. Before Europeans settled down. C. After the material was introduced. D. After Argentina became world-famous. 2. How is cracked conch named? A. By its special appearance. B. By its cooking equipment. C By its geographical feature. D. By its preparation method. 3. What do plov and machboos have in common? A. Both are cooked with rice. B. Both include different spices. C. Both are served at important events. D. Both originate from a different country. B A community project in England called “Frome’s Missing Links” is creating a safe path through the countryside for walkers and cyclists. The newest section of this path, known as Stage 2, stretches (延伸) 1.3 kilometers between Colliers Way and Elliots Lane. Originally built in 2018, its surface was too uneven for comfortable use. Thanks to successful public donations collected in 2024, workers have now covered this section with smooth materials, making it suitable for bicycles, wheelchairs, and horses. The improved path officially reopened on April 26th at a celebration attended by local leaders. Volunteers began preparing this area back in 2015, Over 120 helpers cleared head-high plants and removed old train tracks during the first weekend alone. They worked for several years, building steps and placing long seats made from old railway materials. Project leader Richard Ackroyd explained their progress: “We had support from the rail company to deal with land ownership challenges.” The path now connects directly to Route 24 of the national bike network. This improvement matters because it provides a safe environment for narrow country roads between Frome and Radstock. Geoff Pell from the project noted: “Many people consider road cycling dangerous. This gives them a safe place to exercise.” Funding came from different sources — £30,000 from the local government, £27,000 from public donations, plus support from sports organizations. An unnamed person promised to match donations, helping to complete the £140,000 upgrade. Looking ahead, two remaining sections need completion. The northern path requires bridges and an underground passage, while the southern connection toward Longleat is a little simple. Ackroyd believes the southern section might finish first. This entire project forms part of a larger 76-mile traffic-free Somerset Circle route connecting local towns. Other community groups are working on nearby sections to complete this valuable network across the region. 4. What was the main improvement made to Stage 2? A. More lights were added. B. The road was smoothed. C. The road was lengthened. D. Wasted materials were removed. 5. What did volunteers do at first to help with the project? A. They built bridges. B. They cleared the ground. C. They collected donations. D. They designed the bike path. 6. What can we know about the money for the upgrade? A. Sports groups paid most costs. B. It came only from public donations. C. An unknown person helped fill the funding gap. D. The local government contributed the highest amount. 7. What do we know about the project? A. It connects some local towns. B. It’s a 76-mile circle route. C. It was fully completed last year. D. It monitors the local traffic. C In recent years, more people have become interested in building homes away from Earth — not just on the Moon or Mars, but also under the ocean. Living under the sea is not a new idea. In the 1960s, French ocean expert Jacques Cousteau started building underwater homes. Since 2001, NASA has also sent people to a research centre called the Aquarius Reef Base, located about 20 meters below the sea near Florida. Scientists usually stay there for one to two weeks. Now, a British company called Deep is working on new technology to help people live underwater for longer. But the question is: can humans really live in such a difficult place? Humans are not strong without air, sunlight or normal pressure. So life under the sea is not easy. But we have lived in other hard places before. For example, astronauts have stayed on the International Space Station for long periods. The longest stay in space was 437 days. However, long stays in space can hurt health. Astronauts often lose bone and muscle (肌肉) strength. What about living under the sea? A German engineer, Rudiger Koch, staved under the sea for 120 days and had no health problems. Another man, Professor Joseph Dituri, stayed under the sea for 100 days. He felt even healthier after the stay. His sleep and memory improved, and his body aged more slowly. Still, we don’t know much about long-term life underwater. That’s why Deep is building two special underwater homes. One is for short stays, and the other is a larger home where people can live for 28 days at a time, even 200 meters under the sea. The goal is to allow researchers to spend more time living underwater and enable them to study the ocean floor as well as the effects of living underwater. Living under the sea is not easy because of the pressure. But if researchers stay in these homes long enough, their bodies will adapt to it. Deep hopes these tests will help us one day live underwater for months — or even years — like in a real-life Atlantis. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By presenting rising interest. B. By detailing underwater projects. C. By discussing deep sea living challenges. D. By questioning the possibilities of living under the sea. 9. What is the main challenge highlighted by the question in paragraph 3? A. Achieving 437-day habitation in space. B. Surviving without basic natural resources. C. Preventing rapid aging during underwater activities. D. Maintaining bone strength in extreme environments. 10. What can be inferred about underwater living from the examples? A. Short stays provide exact health data. B. 200-meter depth causes lasting harm. C. Long-term impacts remain largely uncertain. D. Existing underwater homes remove all health risks. 11. Why does the author mention “a real-life Atlantis” in the last paragraph? A. To compare ancient stories with NASA projects. B. To highlight the imaginary nature of Deep’s plans. C. To complain about unrealistic technological goals. D. To symbolize the goal of long-term underwater living. D A new study finds that house cats can tell the difference between the smell of their owner and the smell of a stranger. The study was done by Tokyo University of Agriculture. In the study, 30 cats were shown three plastic tubes (管子). One tube had the smell of their owner, one had the smell of a stranger, and the last one had no smell. The smells were taken from under the arm, behind the ear, and between the toes (脚趾头) of the people. The researchers found that cats spent more time smelling the tube with the stranger’s smell than the one with their owner’s smell or the one with no smell. This means that cats can know whether a person is familiar or not just by their smell. Cats are known to have a strong sense of smell. They use it to talk with other cats. But this study finds that they may also use smell to demarcate people. Other studies in the past have found that cats can also know people by their voice. They can even change their behaviour when they sense that someone is happy or angry. However, the researchers are not sure if cats can know exactly who a person is by their smell. To answer that question, more studies are needed. One researcher, Hidehiko Uchiyama, said they need to show cats the smells of many people they know, and look for special behaviours when the cats smell their owner’s smell. Another expert, Serenella d’Ingeo, said that we don’t know how the cats felt when smelling the different tubes-whether they were relaxed or nervous. The researchers also saw that after smelling the tubes, cats sometimes brushed their faces against them. This is a way cats mark things with their own smell, which might mean sniffing (嗅) is part of exploring. In the end, the study finds that cats use their nose to know if a person is someone they know or not. 12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study? A. Its results. B. Its effect. C. Its progress. D. Its procedures. 13. What does the underlined word “demarcate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Give in to. B. Tell apart. C. Look forward to. D. Check out. 14. What is the researchers’ attitude to cats’ recognising specific people by smell? A. Uncertain. B. Confident. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Smell’s Role in Cat Socialising B. Cats Like Strange Smells More C. Cats Can Use Smell to Know Humans D. Cats’ Unique Ability to Recognise Voices 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our homes use a lot of energy every day. This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.___16___Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings. To protect our planet, we need to find ways to use less energy at home. Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.___17___Here are three easy things you can do. Open a window. When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner. Opening a window can let fresh air in and make your home feel cooler. If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.___18___ Use ceiling(天花板) fans. Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.___19___In some areas, using fans instead of air conditioning can reduce energy use and pollution by up to 76%. If you have a fan at home, try using it more often. Make your roof reflect sunlight. ___20___A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. This helps your home stay cooler and reduces the need for air conditioning. You can talk to a builder about special reflective roof paint. It can help you save both energy and money in the long run, A. A light roof saves much on energy bills. B. The roof gets a lot of sunlight during the day. C. They use much less energy than air conditioners. D. Therefore, air conditioners are far from satisfactory. E. However, using too much energy can cause serious problems. F. But in fact, there are simple and low-cost ways to reduce energy use. G. This simple action can save up to 45% of cooling energy, depending on the weather. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a 17-year-old student living in a small town in Assam. One day, I declared my desire to___21___a smartphone to my father. However, he___22___that we were facing monetary___23___and could not afford it, I ___24___, but I had another idea — I wanted to go to Bangalore. I had just___25___my Class 10 exams, and my brother was employed in Bangalore. Many people from our village were moving there for work. I became___26___and asked my family to let me___27___the city before Class 11 started. At first, they refused, but I___28___convinced them. After a 54-hour train___29___, I arrived in Bangalore. I was too young to work, but with my brother’s help, I___30___employment as a waiter. I earned ___31___funds to buy a phone and save for my next school term. In 2016, I returned to Bangalore and worked again. I kept saving money to___32___my education. In 2017, I worked in a restaurant. Seeing students there made me want to___33___in Bangalore too. My family said they would support me if I___34___75% in my Class 12 exams. I worked hard and achieved that goal. From a small town boy to an analyst (分析师) at a top company, my journey proves that hard work and hope can lead to___35___. 21. A. buy B. repair C. charge D. donate 22. A. recommended B. explained C. demanded D. pictured 23. A. statements B. strategies C. difficulties D. balances 24. A. opposed B. challenged C. claimed D. understood 25. A. checked B. prepared C. finished D. started 26. A. distracted B. curious C. committed D. emotional 27. A. visit B. appreciate C. defend D. beautify 28. A. similarly B. fortunately C. ultimately D. occasionally 29. A. schedule B. journey C. track D. route 30. A. promoted B. offered C. sought D. secured 31. A. sufficient B. public C. limited D. reserved 32. A. pay for B. go through C. adapt to D. reflect on 33. A. locate B. study C. live D. travel 34. A. occupied B. survived C. scored D. updated 35. A. love B. contribution C. benefit D. success 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 1,500 documents and pictures are on show at the Beijing Municipal Archives (档案馆) ____36____ (celebrate) the 80th anniversary (周年纪念) of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931—1945) and the World Anti-Fascist War. These materials come from the archives of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei ____37____ Shanxi provinces, as well as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. They show how the army and ordinary people in northern China ____38____ (brave) fought against foreign invasion (侵略) and worked hard for national ____39____ (independent). One of the main parts of the exhibition (展览), including files about battle situations, plans, and military guidance, ____40____ (show) the important role the Communist Party of China played during wartime, according to Wang Zhen, ____41____ is in charge of the exhibition. He said, “The history of this war, ____42____ (make) up of many true events, was well recorded. By presenting historical archives, we can better understand the great importance of this part of Chinese history.” At the exhibition, ____43____ old visitor named Zhao Aimin said it is very important for young people to learn this history and help the country grow even ____44____ (strong). The exhibition is also part of the celebration of the 18th International Archives Day, which aims to help people value historical ____45____ (record) and the work of archivists. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你看到China Daily上以“我印象中的校园”为题的英文作品征稿活动，请用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.校园介绍； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every spring, Mother’s garden turned into a sea of colours dancing in the wind. When I was little, I believed they simply came out of the earth like magic. I never imagined that beauty had to be earned. That changed when I was six. One cold, grey afternoon in late November, Mother called me outside. I walked out, wrapped in my thick coat, hoping it wouldn’t take long. She bent down in the flowerbed, holding a paper bag that smelled like wet earth. “These are flower bulbs(球茎),” she said. “We’re planting them today.” I looked inside. “They look like onions,” I said. Mother laughed. “They’re not much to look at now. But with time, care, and patience, they’ll become beautiful flowers by spring.” I fixed my eyes on the lifeless bulbs, and then on the hard ground. “But it’s freezing(结冰).Nothing’s going to grow here.” “They will,” she said gently, handing me a trowel(铲子). “If you’re willing to wait.” Unwillingly, I helped plant them. We dug holes, placed each bulb in like a sleeping child, and covered them with cold soil. When we finished, the garden looked exactly the same: flat, brown, empty. “So… that’s it?” I asked. “Nothing to show for it?” “Now, we wait,” she said, cleaning her hands. I wasn’t very good at waiting. That winter, I checked the flowerbed constantly. Nearly every morning, the first thing I did was running to the garden to check whether there were some changes. I tried everything I could, like brushing away snow and removing possible threats. “Nothing’s happening!” I complained. “Maybe we did it wrong. Why wait months when you could just buy what you wanted??” Mother only smiled. “Some things are growing slowly. Give them time.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 By February, I was convinced we’d failed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, one morning in March, I saw it—a tiny green shoot. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$