福建福州第三中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考英语试卷

福州三中2024-2025学年第二学期高一期末考试 英语试卷 高一英语集备组 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标 号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时， 将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，20小题：每小题15分，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卷上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What will the man repair next? A.ATV. B.A light. C.A shower. 2.Which language will the woman study this year? A.French. B.Chinese C.English. 3.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.A bottle of drink B.A shopping list. C.A new supermarket. 4.Where will the speakers go next? A.To the school. B.To the hospital. C.To a restaurant. 5.What are the speakers doing? A.Cooking. B.Shopping. C.Camping. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Co-workers. B.Mother and son. C.Shop assistant and customer. 7.What is Susan Storm Cape? A.Atoy. B.Acomputer. C.A schoolbag. 高一英语第1页，共10页 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.How does Jack probably feel about snakes? A.Afraid. B.Relaxed. C.Curious. 9.What has Julie probably been used to? A.Paying a lot for rent. B.Seeing wild animals. C.Traveling long distance to work. 10.Where did Julie work in the last two years? A.In Australia. B.In America. C.In Britain. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In a bookstore. B.In a cafe C.In an office. 12.What does Alan ask Sophie to sign today? A.An employment agreement. B.A social media agreement. C.A staff handbook. 13.What will Sophie do this afternoon? A.Work on an online project. B.Look around in the office. C.Read a new book. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.Why does the man like Inside Out? A.It reminds people of their childhood. B.It explains human's feelings creatively. C.It tells the importance of family relationships. 15.Which movie will the speakers probably watch together? A.Jurassic Park. B.Lightyear. C.Coco. 16.When was the woman probably born? A.n1983. B.n1993 C.n1995. 17.What made the speakers amazed about some old movies? A.The advanced technology. B.The creative directors. C.The serious subjects. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题 18.What time will the energy-saving effort begin? A.At 9:00 a.m. B.At 3:00 p.m. C.At 6:00 p.m. 19.Which Japanese city saw a new record temperature this weekend? A.Kyoto. B.Tokyo C.Isesaki. 20.What happened to Japan in March?. A.Some power stations stopped working. B.There were increasing electricity needs. C.People experienced the unusually hot weather. 高一英语第2页，共10页 第二部分阅读（共两节，20小题：每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 (共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分) A Mind-Bending Facts About Yoga It's been around for roughly 5,000 years,but yoga is more popular today than ever.Here are some mind-bending facts about yoga. Vinyasa yoga,also called flow,is one of the most popular styles in the West.It focuses on linking a series of poses()with the breath at a quick,smooth pace. Ashtanga is like Vinyasa,but more structured:it is made up of a series of poses done in the same order every time.Hot yoga is performed in a room heated between 33-40℃.The heat is said to increase vitality(话力)，flexibility and kilojoule(千焦尔) burn. Already into yoga and looking to change up your practice?Try one of the many modemn yoga variations,such as Aerial and Animal yoga.Aerial yoga involves hanging from a silk swing attached to the ceiling;it reduces joint pressure that some people feel while doing floor poses.Animal yoga,on the other hand,is less about mastering poses and more about decreasing stress and lifting your spirits by practicing alongside puppies,goats and even horses. Savasana looks simple,but it can be difficult to master,as it calls for a state of calm.Typically the final position of a yoga class,the purpose of this pose is to allow your practice to settle in your mind and body,and it's ideally done for at least five minutes.After that,you and your classmates typically greet each other with a greeting that even non-yogis know:Namaste. 21.Why is Ashtanga more structured than Vinyasa? A.It consists of a fixed order of poses. B.It stresses slow movements. C.It is practiced in a hot environment. D.It does not link poses with breath. 22.Which helps to ease stress on joints? A.Vinyasa yoga. B.Hot yoga. C.Aerial yoga. D.Animal yoga. 23.What is the aim of the final position in a yoga class? A.To increase energy levels and flexibility. B.To mark each other's advancement. C.To prepare for following yoga sessions. D.To get practice into mind and body. 力 Liz Murray was bom in 1980 to parents who used drugs.She grew up homeless in New York City.Despite her challenging upbringing,she changed it for the better and later graduated from Harvard University.Her life took a.dramatic turn after her mother passed away in 1996.The loss of her mother was a profound and paintul experience,but it also served as a wake-up call for Liz.She realized that her current circumstances did not have to define her future.This key moment made her see that life can be different if you want it to be.Motivated by this newfound perspective,she determined to take control of her destiny and pursue a better life through education. While still homeless,she finished high school in just two years. 高一英语第3页，共10页 The key moment for Murray was when she changed the way sbe thought.To complcte high school education,instead of making promises that had conditions,she made promises tu hetself that were strong and final and she studied in quiet places like hallways and public areas,proving that strong will can beat even the toughest situations.Her bard work paid off when she got a scholarship to Harvard.Her story got a lot of attention,and she appeared on shows like Oprah and in a lifetime movie. Todav.Murray is a motivational speaker who talks about hope and self dependence.She says that feeling uncomfortable and knowing yourself are important because they force you to face your weaknesses and strengths."Growth doesn't happen in comfort zones,"she says,"but in the moments when you feel lost, uncertain,or even afraid."She also leared that losing things-whether it's material possessions or relationships-doesn't change who you are."Your identity isn't tied to what you have,but to how you respond to what you lose,"she explains. Murray's story shows how strong a person can be.She tells others to face their problems and use them to move forward.She even forgives herself for stealing self-help books in the past,because they helped her change."Those books taught me that even in the darkest moments,I had the power to rewrite my story."she recalls. Her journey shows that anyone can change their life,no matter how bad things seem. 24.What event marked a turning point in Liz Murray's life? A.Her decision to attend Harvard University. B.The public recognition from media appearances. C.A philosophical realization following her mother's death. D.The need to escape homelessness through formal education. 25.How did Liz Murray manage to finish high school? A.By getting help from her tamily and firiends. B By joining special night classes for homeless students. C.By focusing only on her studies and ignoring everything else. D.By making firm promises to herself and studying in public places 26.According to Liz Murray,why does discomfort matter to growth? A.Discomfort is a barrier that prevents people from achieving their goals. B.Discomfort is a sign that people are expanding their limits and growing. C.Discomfort is a necessary step for people to grow and improve themselves. D.Discomfort is something that can be ignored if people focus on their strengths. 27.Which message does Liz Murray's story mainly tell us? A.Willpower and determination can reshape life. B.Personal growth depends on chances given by others. C.Success is guaranteed with education and social support. D.Education can change lives and help overcome difficulties. C What makes a good life?Philosophers have offered two classic answers to the question,captured by two'different Greek words for happiness,hedonia and eudaimonia.A hedonic life is free from pain and full of everyday pleasure.A eudaemonic life is a yirtuous(高洁的)and purposeful one,.full of meaning. But in a new study,philosopher Lorraine Besser of Middlebury College and psychologist Shigehiro Oishi of the University of Virginia argue that there is a third important element of a good life,which they call "psychological richness". 高一英语第4页，共10页 According to this view,a good life is one that is interesting,varied and surprising-even if some of those surprises aren't necessarily pleasant ones.In fact,the things that make a life psychologically rich may actually make it less happy in the ordinary sense. A happy life can be boring,but a psychologically rich life isn't.Adventures, explorations and crises may be painful,but at least they are surprising.A psychologically rich life may be less eudaemonic.Those unexpected turns may lead you to stay away from your original purpose and act in ways that are less virtuous. Professors Besser and Oishi make the case for a psychologically rich life in a paper that has just appeared in the journal Philosophical Psychology.But is this a life that most people would actually want,or is it just for the sort of people who write philosopby articles? To find out,the professors and their colleagues did a study involving more than 3,000.people in nine countries.The researchers gave participants a list of 15 descriptive words such as "pleasant","meaningful"and "interesting",and asked which best described a good life.When they analyzed the responses,Professors Besser and Oishi found that people indeed thought that a happy and meaningful life was a good life.But they also thought a psychologically rich life was important.In fact,across different cultures,about 10-15%of people said that if they were forced to choose,they. would go for a psychologically rich life over a happy or meaningful one. In the second study,the researchers posed the question in a different way.Instead of asking people what kind of life they would choose,they asked what they regretted about the life they had actually led.Did they regret decisions that made their lives less happy or less meaningful?Or did they regret passing up a chance for interesting and surprising experiences?If they could undo one decision,what would it be?The researchers found that when people thought about their regrets,they were even nrore likely to value psychological richness. 28.According to the text,a psychologieally rich life A.means a pleasant one B.undervalues life goals C.is anything but boring D.is full of unhappiness 29.Why did Besser and Oishi do the studies in paragraphs 6 and 7? ATo search for evidence for their articles. B.To find good ways to reflect on one's life. C.To dig deep into the meaning of a good life. D.To test their idea about a good life on the public. 30.What does the underlined word "undo"in the last paragraph probably mean? A Announce. B.Remove. C.Uphold. D.Judge. 31.What could be the most suitable title for the text? A.Two studies on psychological health B.Avoid letting regrets take control of your life C.Diverse perspectives on the definition of a happy life D.A good life unnecessarily means a happy one D Primordial black holes (PBHs)are dark matter that may have been born in the first second after the Big Bang.Oyer the last 13.8 billion years they would have spread across the universe.According to a new study,these tiny,ancient black holes could rush through our Solar System. 高一英话第5页，共10页 A team of scientists has worked out that they might speed through our nearby woods as often as once a decade,based on the estimated()distribution of dark matter across a given region of space.They found that a PBH,packing the mass of a small planet into a space the size ot a single atom ()should stream through the inner Solar System about once every 10 years or so.Although we wouldn't be able to directly see it,such a visitor would still make its existence known..If a PBH came within about 280 million miles of Mars,it would result in a detectable wobble ( in the red planet's course.The shift would only be about 1 meter over 10 years,but that's enough for us to pick up,since we can measure the distance of Mars from Earth to within about 10 centimeters. The study started with a fun question:what would happen if a PBH passed a person?Lead author,scientist Tung Tran from MIT,roughly estimated that if one came within a meter of you,you'd be thrown about 6 meters away in 1 second. While that is rather unlikely,it got the team wondering how a PBH flying through the solar system wouldvaffect planets and moons."The numbers we got were not very clear.There are many other factors in the solar system that could act as some sort of obstruction(to cause the wobble to dampen out,"says Tung.So,the researchers then created the effects in lab which is the same as a PBH flyby on Mercury ()Venus,and Mars to see if their wobbles would be easier to notice.Of those,Mars gave the clearest signal,largely because it's such a heavily monitored planet. Still,more detailed experiments involving more objects will need to be conducted to get a more accurate understanding of those factors."We need as much clarity as we can of the expected backgrounds,such as the typical speeds of space rocks in contrast to these PBHs,"says MIT physicist David Kaiser.It is our hope that in the coming decades,advances in science will offer new evidence.Witl a bit more work,it's possible that astronomers could get lycky,spot a wobble,and uncover one of the biggest mysteries about uniyerse. 32.What does a passing PBH possibly cause A.a planet to rock in its course. B.resistance to cancel out a wobble. C.a person to explode instantly. D.Mars to shake violently. 33.How ean scientists notice a PBH speeding through Solar System? A.By monitoring a single atom nearby. B.By observing an obvious shake of Mars.. C.By measuring the Mars-Earth distance. D.By analyzing the presence of dark matter. 34.Which of the following best explains"dampen out"underlined in paragraph 4? A.Be difficult to make out. B.Regularly occur. C.Be interesting to observe D.Narrowly escape 35.What is the last paragraph mainly about in terms of the research? A.Its current limitations. B.Astronomers with good luck. C.Its potential applications. D.Expectations for further studies. 高一英语第6页，共10页 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Many parents arc looking for ways to help their kids learn at home.Toys advertised as teaching STEM might seem like one way to achieve this goal.36 The answer is yes.Toys can indeed teach science,technology,engineering and math concepts-but don't focus on advertising or fancy labels to find the best bets. There's no minimum educational requirement that toys must reach to label themselves a "STEM toy",so almost everything on the market is untested.37 Some proven winners?,Tinkertoys,board games,decks of cards and building blocks. 38 In preschool,for example,the construction of complex block buildings is associated with an improvement in math learning.Blocks,puzzles and shape toys boost spatial skills.Spatial skills,in turn,are associated with later math learning,suggesting that the early exploration of shapes acts as a springboard for more complex math concepts. There are five characteristics that make for a good educational toy:active, engaging,meaningful,encouraging social play and fun.Good play has these characteristics built in.Toys that allow ohildren to build and create also have the advantage of being renewable.39It means that kids don't become bored with them easily. Though adults certainly don't have to participate in the building of every block tower,some grown-up guidance can help boost kids'learning from play.One useful tool adults can use while playing with their children is "math talk".This kind of talk encourages kids to think more deeply about math.40.Parents can play guessing games with their kids like"Which is the most?"or play simple scorekeeping games like drop-the-clothespins-in-the-jar. A.But do they really work? B.Are the advertisements misleading? C.They're different every time children return to them D.Parents get involved by having math talks with kids E.Conveniently,math talk doesn't require any toy purchases at all. F.Instead,look for toys that encourage open-ended,active play and problem-solving. G.Research shows creative,open-ended play is how young children learn STEM concepts. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 Moxie,my service dog,came into my life after I was diagnosed with a 41 genetic disorder,which causes extreme pain.I have had to be 42 to hospital many times and undergo multiple operations.Once a tennis player,I found myself in a wheelchair,43 to do things I used to be able to do.Moxie helps fetch things for me,lets me know if I'm going to 44,picks things up,and so much more. I had no idea of the great 45 she would have on my life until that Saturday night when I wanted to end it all. 高一英语第7页，共10页 忽共1n· The moment Moxie jumped on my bed and 46 her little paws around me, it was as though she restored my desire to live.I was still 47,but I found a small path to try to make my way through.I just needed to find a new way to fight.I needed to stop 48 all the things I couldn't do anymore and find something, anything that I could do. Looking at Moxie and knowing how much she 49 my life,I thought about the many 50 who could benefit from a service dog but might not be able to pay the high price.I wanted to pay it forward,and lift someone else up.That's when the idea to 51 fund a service dog for someone else came to mind: Moxie's Mission.And that's what I did. Through hospital stays,surgeries,and rehab ()Moxie's Mission kept me going.We 52 the $20,000 needed to fund our first service dog.We didn't 53 there,though!We are traveling to different groups to talk about mental health issues in an effort to help break down the barrier behind mental 54.I'm publishing a children's book and educating others on support dogs.Moxie's Mission just keeps growing,and though life is still 55,I got my life back.I found my purpose. 41.A.mere B.regular C.rare D.similar 42.A.devoted B.admitted C.invited D.exposed 43.A.unable B.hesitant C.ready D.proper 44.A.pass out B.calm down C.wake up D.miss out 45.A.limit B.tension C.trouble D.impact 46.A.waved B.wrapped C.struck D.pressed 47.A.ashamed B.relieved C.depressed D.annoyed 48.A.focusing on B.showing off C.handing over D.brushing aside 49.A.escaped B.designed C.ruined D.changed 50.A.neighbors B.individuals C.colleagues D.teammates 51.A.fully B.temporarily C.causally D.naturally 52.A.declined B.withdrew C.distributed D.raised 53.A.follow B.serve C.stop D.continue 54.A.functions B.struggles C.comforts D.solutions 55.A.effortless B.uneventful C.convenient D.challenging 第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） The Beautiful Forbidden City Tle Forbidden City,one of the most famous landmarks in China,56 (stando at the heart of Beijing,carrying over 600 years of history.Having witnessed the reigns of 24 emperors,it has become a symbol of China's rich cultural heritage. Visitors are often amazed by the grand halls and delicate gardens,which are designed with great accuracy 57(reflect)taditional Chinese culture.As they pass through the big red gates,they are immediately transported back in time.The intricate carvings and golden rooftops,which shine brilliantly under the sun,add to the palace's'58 (beautiful).Although China is home to many historical sites.few are (impressive)than the Forbidden City.It is a place 60 ameient art and imperial power are perfectly combined,attracting millions of tourists each year.Strict rules have been applied to prevent damage6h careless visitors, ensuring its charm remains well reserved for future generations. 高一英语第8页，共10页m The site appears especially magical in winter,when a thin layer of snow 62 (coverecshe rooftops makes the golden bricks shine even brighter.In recent years, modern technologies_ use)to protect and restore this ancient masterpiece. Thanks.to these efforts,people can continue to appreciate its magnificence for 64 (century)t come. For those who love history and architecture,65 visit to the Forbidden City is a must.It is not only a historical landmark but also a treasure of Chinese civilization. 第四部分课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共7小题：每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 框中有一个多余的单词。 .launch B.admitted Goperation D.claimed E otherwise E.settle G.maintain H.despite 66.J.K.Rowling has finished writing her new book and the official publish date is in May. 67.There was some music playing upstairs,or the house was silent. 68.The use of the device is extremely simple,and a beginner can handle it with ease. 69.Mary was finally accepted to the university she had dreamed of for years. 70.The unexpected volcanic eruption killed many lives,leaving countless families in grief. 71.The government has tried to address the issue caused by the flood 72.The house costs a fortune to repair and the owner cannot afford it. 第二节(（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个多 余的单词或短语。 carry on bring about in case (of .on the spot (be)determined to intend monitor 73.In recent years,globalization greater cultural diversity in many cities,making them more colorful and inclusive. 74.The astronauts'courage inspires us supporting space exploration despite the challenges .5.Zoo officials said during the treatment,this elephant closely through physical exams and blood tests. 76.The hospital has a backup generator there is a power failure. 77. help humans realize their dream to explore space,some scientists devoted themselves to the career. 高一英语第9页，共10页 第三节（共4小题：每小题2分，满分8分） 根据括号中的提示进行英汉互译。78-79题汉译英，80-81题英译汉。 78.对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。（使用比较级） 9.他从来没有想到他能取得如此巨大的进步。(occur) 80.他匆忙赶到商店，却发现店门关着(nd的复合结构，不定式作状语) 81.Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man's desire to understand. 第五部分写作（满分25分） 82.学习了"金钱的价值"这一单元后，班级同学们对这一话题进行了热烈的讨论 有些同学认为金钱是最重要的东西，另一些同学认为金钱不是最重要的。请你就 此在校刊上用英文写一篇短文，简要探讨这两种观点，并提出你的看法。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.标题已经给出，不计入总词数； Value of Money