精品解析：河南省开封市2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024-2025学年第二学期期末调研考试 高二英语试题 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂（选择题）或用黑色签字笔写（非选择题）在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 2.答卷前，务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。 3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman probably get the phone? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 2. What may the weather be like now? A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Windy. 3. What is Susan busy doing now? A. Reading a novel. B. Writing an essay. C. Preparing for a test. 4. How many people will visit New York for free? A.2. B.3. C.5. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. On the phone. B. In a restaurant. C. At home. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man change his appointment? A. He has another appointment. B. Dr. Martin can’t go to work tomorrow. C. The traffic has been affected by the bad weather. 7 When will the man meet Dr Martin? A. At 11:00 a. m. tomorrow. B. At 10:00 a. m. next Tuesday. C. At 11:00 a. m. next Tuesday. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman shopping for? A. Envelopes. B. A camera. C. Artsupplies. 9. What additional service does the man mention? A. Photo printing. B. Online purchasing. C. In-store mailing. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. How does Heart of Darkness make the woman feel? A. Scared. B. Happy. C. Relaxed. 11. What is the difference between Heart of Darkness and The Cave? A. Heart of Darkness is brighter. B. The Cave shows a sign of hope. C. They deal with different themes. 12. Why doesn’t the woman buy Heart of Darkness? A. It is not for sale. B. It costs too much money. C. It can’t fit in with her living room. 13. What will the speakers do next? A. They will buy a painting. B. They will leave the gallery. C. They will talk with the artist. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What do we know about the area? A. Lightning strikes mostly in December. B. The area is near the Andes Mountains. C. The people there worry about getting hit. 15. What did NASA call the area? A. The Light of Venezuela. B. The Lightning Capital of the World. C. The Never-ending Storm of Catatumbo. 16. Which helps the area get so many storms? A. Warm sea air. B. Warm mountain winds. C. The crowded population. 17. What does the man say in the end? A. He’s scared of storms. B. He’ll never visit Venezuela. C. He’d be careful if he lived in the area. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How did the man help the old lady? A. He took her to hospital. B. He helped her to find her son’s home. C He carried her bags and took her home. 19. When did the man’s grandmother die? A. 20 years ago. B. 25 years ago. C. 30 years ago. 20. What did it turn out to be? A. The old lady was the man’s father’s aunt. B. The old lady was the man’s father’s neighbor. C. The old lady looked after the man as he was two. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。 A The Harvard Crimson Global Essay Competition (HCGEC) brings together ambitious high school students (aged 15 — 18) from around the world with a passion for, or interest in writing. This competition is an annual opportunity for students to showcase their talents on a global stage, compete to win exclusive educational opportunities and prizes, and explore different possibilities of a future in writing. Each participant is invited to attend best-in-class boot camps (训练营地), explore careers in writing, and compete for exclusive opportunities and global recognition! HCGEC provides exclusive and on-demand boot camps to help participants develop university-level writing competencies and learn about career paths. HCGEC believes that it’s important to cater to (迎合) students with different interests, and therefore provides prompts from three different tracks: creative, argumentative (or persuasive), and journalistic. Each participant selects a prompt at the beginning of the competition and will submit a 500-word (max) essay. The top five essays from each track per region will be invited to the global final round of the competition, where three top global winners for each track will be selected. Each competitor will be permitted to submit one essay before the submission closing date. May 1st: Regular Registrations open June 30th: Regular Registrations close Jump into action now, for global competitions are the perfect stepping stone to develop real-world experience, in theory, learned in the classroom, and to network with peers. 1. What can participants do at boot camps? A. Show their talents. B. Improve their writing skills. C. Conduct interviews about writing. D. Connect with masters in writing. 2. How many top global winners will be selected in total? A. Three. B. Five. C. Nine. D. Fifteen. 3. What can we learn about the essay competition? A. It has no restriction on age. B. It’s aimed at English speakers. C. Whatever styles are welcome. D. There is a word limit. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。哈佛深红色的全球论文竞赛（HCGEC）汇集了来自世界各地的雄心勃勃的对写作感兴趣的高中学生（15-18岁）。文章主要介绍了哈佛深红色的全球论文竞赛（HCGEC）的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“HCGEC provides exclusive and on-demand boot camps to help participants develop university-level writing competencies and learn about career paths. (HCGEC 提供独家的按需训练营，帮助参与者提高大学水平的写作能力并了解职业道路。)”可知，参与者可以在新兵训练营提高他们的写作能力。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“HCGEC believes that it’s important to cater to (迎合) students with different interests, and therefore provides prompts from three different tracks: creative, argumentative (or persuasive), and journalistic.(HCGEC认为，满足不同兴趣的学生是很重要的，因此提供了三个不同方向的提示：创意、辩论（或说服）和新闻)”和第四段“The top five essays from each track per region will be invited to the global final round of the competition, where three top global winners for each track will be selected.(每个区域每个曲目的前五篇文章将被邀请参加比赛的全球决赛，其中将选出每个赛道的三个顶级全球冠军。)”可计算出，全球冠军总共有：3*3=9名，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Each participant selects a prompt at the beginning of the competition and will submit a 500-word (max) essay.(每个参赛者在比赛开始时选择一个提示，并将提交一篇500字（最多）的论文。)”可知，论文竞赛的单词数有限制，故选D。 B In Edmonton, Alberta, the sun had yet to come up. The temperature was more than 20 degrees below zero. In the dark and cold, Tanis Smith was ready to run up and down hundreds of stairs among the trees in the Saskatchewan River Valley. And Smith wasn’t alone. Ten people joined her for the activity. All were wearing several layers of clothing. “You’re pretty much just putting everything you own on,” said Smith. “If you look at the pictures, you don’t know who you’re unless you remember what you were wearing.” Since that winter back in 2013 Smith has rarely missed a workout with a group called November Project, a network of free outdoor group exercise classes that started in Boston, Massachusetts. No matter the weather, members get out of bed before sunrise at least once a week and go outdoors for group exercise. November Project is part exercise, part fun, and part community. It’s a model for exercising outdoors, especially in winter. It started in 2011, when two friends agreed to exercise every morning for the month of November. They were looking for companions to help them stick to an exercise routine. By the end of that first month, they’d invited others to join them. Soon, their meetings were bringing in almost forty people. And it became a year-round project. “A party is better when there’re more people around. We’d talk to anybody who’d listen,” said Bojan Mandaric. He created the project with his friend, Brogan Graham. Then, as people moved to other cities, they took the idea with them, so November Project grew. Now, there are 52 groups in eight countries, including 44 in the United States and Canada. People of all ages and fitness levels join the workouts. Some groups begin with activities to bring the group together. Most classes include running and body weight exercises. The project also uses the surroundings of the location. For example, members in Washington D. C. meet on Wednesdays to run up the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. To keep the works fun, they might include fun games and activities from childhood. In Edmonton, they play snow games in winter and water games in summer. These games help people make connections. Additionally, people can earn prizes for reaching different goals. 4. What do Tanis Smith’s words in paragraph 1 suggest about her group members? A. They are from all walks of life. B. They tend to wear the same uniforms. C. They look quite different in the photos. D. They pay much attention to keeping warm. 5. Which of the following words can best describe Tanis Smith? A. Strong-willed. B. Cool-headed. C. Broad-minded. D. Easy-going. 6. Why did Bojan Mandaric create November Project with Brogan Graham? A. To make more friends through exercising. B. To motivate themselves to keep working out. C. To provide professional guidance on exercise. D. To encourage more people to exercise regularly. 7. What do the workout groups do for their members? A. Recognize their achievements. B. Realize their childhood dreams. C. Arrange age-appropriate exercise for them. D. Offer them a chance to display themselves. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名为November Project的小组锻炼是一个由马萨诸塞州波士顿开始的免费户外锻炼课程的网络。无论天气如何，成员至少每周至少一次在日出之前起床，然后在户外进行小组锻炼。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The temperature was more than 20 degrees below zero. In the dark and cold, Tanis Smith was ready to run up and down hundreds of stairs among the trees in the Saskatchewan River Valley.(温度低于零20度。在黑暗和寒冷中，塔尼斯·史密斯（Tanis Smith）准备在萨斯喀彻温河谷的树木中上下数百个楼梯上下跑)”和Tanis Smith所说的话““You’re pretty much just putting everything you own on,” said Smith. “If you look at the pictures, you don’t know who you’re unless you remember what you were wearing.”(“你基本上只是把所有的东西都穿上，”史密斯说。“如果你看看这些照片，除非你记得自己当时穿什么，否则你不知道哪个是自己。”)”可知，天气很冷，人们穿得很多。由此可推知，Tanis Smith的话表明她的小组成员很注重保暖。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Since that winter back in 2013, Smith has rarely missed a workout with a group called November Project, a network of free outdoor group exercise classes that started in Boston, Massachusetts. No matter the weather, members get out of bed before sunrise at least once a week and go outdoors for group exercise.(自2013年冬季以来，史密斯很少错过一个名为November Project的小组锻炼，这是一个由马萨诸塞州波士顿开始的免费户外锻炼课程的网络。无论天气如何，成员至少每周至少一次在日出之前起床，然后在户外进行小组锻炼)”可知，无论天气如何，Tanis Smith从未错过一次锻炼。由此可推知，她意志坚强。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“It started in 2011, when two friends agreed to exercise every morning for the month of November. They were looking for companions to help them stick to an exercise routine. (它始于2011年，当时有两个朋友同意每天早上在11月份进行运动。他们正在寻找同伴，以帮助他们坚持锻炼)”可推知，Bojan Mandaric与Brogan Graham创建了November Project这一项目是为了激励自己继续锻炼。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Additionally, people can earn prizes for reaching different goals.(此外，人们可以通过达到不同的目标而获得奖品)”可知，锻炼小组为其成员取得的成就颁发奖品，即认可他们的成就。故选A。 C Scientists are recruiting (招募) some unusual recruits in their efforts to forecast earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other natural phenomena. They are enrolling thousands of dogs, goats, and other farmyard animals — as well as a wide range of wildlife — in studies that will monitor their movements from space. The programme uses tiny transmitters (发射器) that are being fitted to creatures. The detailed movements of these creatures will then be monitored from a special satellite to be launched next year. “Ultimately, we hope to launch a fleet of around six satellites and establish a global observation network that will not only provide details of wildlife movements during migration (迁徙) and animal health across the planet but reveal how creatures respond to natural phenomena like earthquakes,” said the project leader, Martin Wikelski, of the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour in Germany. The value of studying tagged (做标记的) animals in this latter area has already been demonstrated in early experiments in Sicily, said Wikelski last week. “We have found the behaviour of goats is pretty good at predicting large volcaniceruptions.” Sensors have shown the animals become nervous before an eruption and refuse to move to where they would normally be happy to visit. “They know beforehand what is coming. We don’t know how they do it, but they do,” said Wikelski. Because of a revolution in tagging technology, tiny digital transmitters — using small batteries — and cheap and plentiful GPS devices have made it possible to make tags that are only a few grams in weight. “We are now able to track most things. Understanding how creatures react to geological changes is only one area of interest in that revolution,” added Wikelski. “For instance, we can survey wildlife health from space.” By monitoring tagged animals, scientists can timely detect an outbreak of an infectious disease in the wild, which could be important for controlling the disease’s impact on farms. The technology should also help scientists to understand the processes that drive animal migrations. “Similarly, we will be able to study animal populations to determine how they are responding to habitat changes caused by global warming,” said Wikelski. 8. Why are various animals recruited in the study? A. To identify animal species. B. To test digital transmitters. C. To protect animal habitats. D. To predict natural disasters. 9. What does “this latter area” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Animal health. B. Wildlife migrations. C. A global observation network. D. Animal reactions to natural phenomena. 10. What application of the technology is mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Fueling research into global warming. B. Preventing a disease outbreak in the wild. C. Protecting farms from infections caused by wildlife. D. Reducing the effect of animal migration on humans. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. The sign of natural disasters. B. The use of tagging technology. C. The impact of habitat changes. D. The mystery of animal migration. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家利用标记技术，通过卫星来监测动物们的运动，这对于预测自然灾害有重要意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists are recruiting (招募) some unusual recruits in their efforts to forecast earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other natural phenomena. They are enrolling thousands of dogs, goats, and other farmyard animals — as well as a wide range of wildlife — in studies that will monitor their movements from space.(科学家正在招募一些不寻常的成员，以预测地震，火山喷发和其他自然现象。他们正在将成千上万的狗、山羊和其他家养动物——以及各种各样的野生动物——纳入研究，通过卫星监测它们活动。)”可知，在研究中招募各种动物是为了预测自然灾害。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中““Ultimately, we hope to launch a fleet of around six satellites and establish a global observation network that will not only provide details of wildlife movements during migration (迁徙) and animal health across the planet but reveal how creatures respond to natural phenomena like earthquakes,” said the project leader, Martin Wikelski, of the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour in Germany.(该项目负责人、德国马克斯·普朗克动物行为研究所的马丁·维克尔斯基说：“最终，我们希望发射大约六卫星，建立一个全球观测网络，该网络不仅将提供动物在迁徙期间的活动细节和全球动物的健康状况，还将揭示生物对地震自然现象的反应。”)”以及画线短语所在句子“The value of studying tagged (做标记的) animals in this latter area has already been demonstrated in early experiments in Sicily, said Wikelski last week. (研究后者这一领域的标记动物的价值已经在西西里岛的早期实验中得到了证明，维克尔斯基上周说。)”可知，“后者这一领域”指的是上文提到的动物对自然现象的反应。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By monitoring tagged animals, scientists can timely detect an outbreak of an infectious disease in the wild, which could be important for controlling the disease’s impact on farms.(通过监测标记的动物，科学家可以及时发现野外传染病的爆发，这对于控制疾病对农场的影响可能很重要。)”可知，最后一段提到了该技​​术在保护农场免受野生动植物引起的感染方面的应用。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段根据第一段“Scientists are recruiting (招募) some unusual recruits in their efforts to forecast earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other natural phenomena. They are enrolling thousands of dogs, goats, and other farmyard animals — as well as a wide range of wildlife — in studies that will monitor their movements from space.(科学家正在招募一些不寻常的成员，以预测地震，火山喷发和其他自然现象。他们正在将成千上万的狗、山羊和其他家养动物——以及各种各样的野生动物——纳入研究，通过卫星监测它们活动。)”和最后一段中“Because of a revolution in tagging technology, tiny digital transmitters — using small batteries — and cheap and plentiful GPS devices have made it possible to make tags that are only a few grams in weight. “We are now able to track most things. Understanding how creatures react to geological changes is only one area of interest in that revolution,” added Wikelski.(由于标记技术的革命，小型数字发射机（使用小电池）以及廉价且丰富的GPS设备使制造重量仅几克的标签成为可能。 “我们现在能够跟踪大多数事情。了解生物如何对地质变化的反应只是那次革命中感兴趣的领域。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家利用标记技术，通过卫星来监测动物们的运动，这对于预测自然灾害有重要意义。故选B。 D Each household has its own way of dealing with disagreements, but a study suggests resolving matters quickly could have lasting health benefits.The research, published in The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, revealed that when conflicts are resolved, the stress related to those experiences is reduced and can even disappear altogether. Because stress has great impacts on overall health, these findings highlight the importance of confronting (面对) disagreements head-on. For this new study, Dakota Witzel and Robert Stawski of Oregon State University used data from Midlife in the United States: Daily Stress Project, 2004-2009 to compare self-reported responses from 2,022 participants about their choices to confront or avoid conflicts and how these behaviors impacted their short-term emotions, as well as their stress the day after the conflict. The pair found that those who reported having resolved the conflict the same day it occurred experienced fewer negative emotions and a lower decline in positive emotions. This same group of participants didn’t experience any prolonged negative emotions on the day following the argument. In contrast, those who avoided arguments experienced both negative emotions on the day of the conflict and lingering stress the day after. The pair believes that conflict resolution aids the body in emotional downregulation, the process that reduces the intensity of emotional experiences. This crucial process helps to reset the body after heightened emotions during a conflict — a process that conflict avoidance doesn’t promote. And those who can’t regulate emotions or have difficulties with downregulation might experience decreased sleep, changes in eating habits, increased uses of alcohol and smoking, behaviors and experiences that can lead to negative health outcomes and chronic disease. Arguments, disagreements, and other interpersonal conflicts can be stressors our bodies view as especially challenging. To confront these conflicts effectively, we are supposed to avoid problematic patterns of communication. Best practices include talking together about how to solve the conflicts, promoting active listening, clarifying needs and intentions, and sharing openly about personal feelings. 12. Why does conflict resolution do good to people’s health according to the study? A. It helps them feel less pressured. B. It prevents stressors from happening. C. It avoids negative experiences in life. D. It makes them enjoy good relationships. 13. How did the researchers draw their conclusions? A. By doing real-life surveys. B. By analyzing massive data. C. By conducting lab experiments. D. By consulting relevant experts. 14. What can be inferred about people good at conflict resolution? A. They tend to be emotionally smart. B. They are generally mentally strong. C. Their positive emotions are usually stable. D. Their health is consistently in perfect condition. 15. What is the best way to resolve conflicts according to the text? A. Sharing your opinions cautiously. B. Setting a daily practical purpose. C. Seeking solution-focused dialogues. D. Hiding your errors in the conflicts. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项关于解决冲突对人们健康影响的研究。研究指出，快速解决冲突能够减少与冲突相关的压力，对人们的健康有持久的好处。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The research, published in The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, revealed that when conflicts are resolved, the stress related to those experiences is reduced and can even disappear altogether. Because stress has great impacts on overall health, these findings highlight the importance of confronting (面对) disagreements head-on.(这项发表在《老年学杂志：B系列》上的研究显示，当冲突得到解决时，与这些经历相关的压力会减少，甚至完全消失。由于压力对整体健康有很大影响，这些发现强调了正面应对分歧的重要性)”可知，解决冲突有助于减轻与这些经历相关的压力，从而对健康有益。故选A。 13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For this new study, Dakota Witzel and Robert Stawski of Oregon State University used data from Midlife in the United States: Daily Stress Project, 2004-2009 to compare self-reported responses from 2,022 participants about their choices to confront or avoid conflicts and how these behaviors impacted their short-term emotions, as well as their stress the day after the conflict.(在这项新研究中，俄勒冈州立大学的Dakota Witzel和Robert Stawski使用了2004-2009年美国中年人群日常压力项目的数据，比较了2022名参与者关于他们选择面对还是避免冲突的自述反应，以及这些行为如何影响他们的短期情绪，以及冲突后一天的压力)”可知，研究人员是通过分析大量数据来得出结论的。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The pair found that those who reported having resolved the conflict the same day it occurred experienced fewer negative emotions and a lower decline in positive emotions. This same group of participants didn’t experience any prolonged negative emotions on the day following the argument.(二人发现，那些报告在冲突发生当天就解决了冲突的人，经历的负面情绪较少，积极情绪的下降也较少。同一组参与者在争吵后的第二天没有经历任何持续的负面情绪)”可知，擅长解决冲突的人在冲突发生当天就能解决冲突，他们经历的负面情绪较少，积极情绪的下降也较少，这说明他们的积极情绪通常很稳定。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To confront these conflicts effectively, we are supposed to avoid problematic patterns of communication. Best practices include talking together about how to solve the conflicts, promoting active listening, clarifying needs and intentions, and sharing openly about personal feelings.(为了有效地应对这些冲突，我们应该避免有问题的沟通模式。最佳做法包括一起讨论如何解决冲突，促进积极倾听，明确需求和意图，并公开分享个人感受)”可知，解决冲突的最好方法是寻求以解决方案为重点的对话。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____16____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____17____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____18____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____19____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun. ____20____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph. A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types. B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F. Chances are that the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。 【点睛】 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lena Ford was 7 when she started Arting for You. For this project, Lena collected art supplies and ___21___ them to kids in homeless shelters in and around her hometown of Marietta, Georgia. “My granny always wanted to give back to others,” Lena, now 15, said in an interview. “I was ___22___ by that.” Two years later, she ___23___ a small business called Positively Lena. It sells products with ___24___ messages, including a book Lena wrote to help kids get through hardships. “The world can be a really tough place,” Lena says. “My goal is to spread ___25___.” Part of the money she earns goes toward her ___26___ efforts. She also offers workshops on creative writing. “___27___ , it makes me feel really happy,” Lena says. “And that’s my ___28___ to keep doing what I’m doing: knowing that I’m making a ___29___ and knowing that I’m making people happy.” Kindness is powerful. Studies show that giving and receiving kindness are good for our health. They ___30___ our mood and reduce stress. Research also suggests that kindness can be ___31___. A person who receives an act of kindness is more likely to show kindness to someone else ___32___. “Kindness means just making someone happy,” Lena says. “It can even be something as small as giving someone a ___33___: ‘Hey, your shirt looks nice.’ Something just like that can make someone smile. It doesn’t have to be a grand ___34___. You can always just do something small, and it can ___35___.” 21. A. sold B. donated C. returned D. rented 22. A. admired B. confused C. inspired D. shocked 23. A. launched B. continued C. closed D. abandoned 24. A. scientific B. uplifting C. alarming D. secret 25. A. knowledge B. creativity C. culture D. positivity 26. A. charitable B. fruitless C. overlooked D. painful 27. A. Suddenly B. Accidentally C. Honestly D. Slightly 28. A. ambition B. motivation C. profession D. technique 29. A. difference B. rule C. choice D. decision 30. A. reflect B. ruin C. sense D. boost 31. A. random B. infectious C. unconditional D. voluntary 32. A. under pressure B. for fun C. in return D. by chance 33. A. gift B. praise C. hand D. ride 34. A. gesture B. march C. theory D. discovery 35. A. cloud someone’s mood B. break someone’s heart C. recall someone’s time D. make someone’s day 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Lena创办了一个小型企业，她将自己赚的一部分钱用于她的慈善事业。通过此故事文章告诉我们善良是强大的。奉献和接受仁慈对我们的健康有益。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这个项目，莉娜（Lena）收集了艺术用品，并将其捐赠给了她家乡乔治亚州玛丽埃塔（Marietta）的无家可归者收容所的孩子。A. sold卖；B. donated捐赠；C. returned返回；D. rented租用。由下文“them to kids in homeless shelters in and around her hometown of Marietta”和“My granny always wanted to give back to others”可知，应该是捐给无家可归的孩子，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我受那个鼓舞。A. admired钦佩；B. confused使困惑；C. inspired鼓励；D. shocked使震惊。由上文“My granny always wanted to give back to others”可知，Lena的奶奶总是想让她去回报他人，所以她收集艺术用品，并将其捐赠给无家可归者收容所的孩子，是受到奶奶的鼓舞，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，她创办了一家名为Lena的小型企业。A. launched开发；创办；B. continued继续；C. closed关闭；D. abandoned遗弃。由下文“a small business called Positively Lena”可知，她创办了一家企业，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它出售带有积极信息的产品，包括莉娜（Lena）写的一本帮助孩子度过难关的书。A. scientific科学的；B. uplifting振奋人心的；C. alarming惊人的；D. secret秘密的。由下文“including a book Lena wrote to help kids get through hardships”可知，公司出售她写的一本帮助孩子度过难关的书，这是积极的产品，由此可知，公司出售带有积极信息的产品，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标是传播积极性。A. knowledge知识；B. creativity创造力；C. culture文化；D. positivity积极性。上文提到她创办的公司出售带有积极信息的产品，由此可知，她的目标是传播积极性，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她赚的一部分钱用于她的慈善事业。A. charitable仁慈的，慈善的；B. fruitless徒劳的；C. overlooked被忽视的；D. painful痛苦的。由上文“For this project, Lena collected art supplies and______ them to kids in homeless shelters in and around her hometown of Marietta, Georgia.”可知，她将赚的一部分钱用于慈善事业，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“老实说，这让我感到非常高兴，”莉娜说。A. Suddenly突然；B. Accidentally意外地；C. Honestly诚实地；老实说；D. Slightly稍微。由下文“it makes me feel really happy”可知，莉娜在坦白作慈善事业使自己高兴，即表示“老实说”。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我继续做自己在做的事情的动力：知道我正在发挥作用，并且知道我让人们开心。A. ambition雄心；B. motivation动机；动力；C. profession职业；D. technique技巧。由下文“to keep doing what I’m doing”和上文“it makes me feel really happy”提到的作慈善事业使她开心可知，这是她继续做慈善事业的动力，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我继续做自己在做的事情的动力：知道我正在发挥作用，并且知道我让人们开心。A. difference差异；B. rule规则；C. choice选择；D. decision决定。make a difference固定搭配，意为“产生影响；发挥作用”，由上文“knowing that I’m making a”可知，此处指她作慈善事业是自己在发挥自己的作用，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提升我们的情绪，减少我们的压力，A. reflect反映；B. ruin毁坏；C. sense感觉；D. boost增加；提升。由下文“our mood and reduce stress”可知，奉献和接受仁慈能提升我们的情绪，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究还表明，善良可能是有传染性的。A. random随机的；B. infectious传染的；C. unconditional无条件的；D. voluntary自愿的。由下文“A person who receives an act of kindness is more likely to show kindness to someone else”可知，善良会传染，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：一个受到善意行为的人更有可能去对别人表现出善意来作为回报。A. under pressure在压力下；B. for fun为了好玩；C. in return作为回报；D. by chance偶然。由上文“A person who receives an act of kindness is more likely to show kindness to someone else”可知，作为回报，受到善意行为的人更有可能去对别人表现出善意，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至可以是一些小事情，比如称赞别人：“嘿，你的衬衫看起来不错。”A. gift礼物；B. praise赞美；C. hand手；D. ride骑行。由下文“Hey, your shirt looks nice.”可知，这是在称赞别人，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不需要是一个盛大的举动。A. gesture手势；姿态；举动；B. march游行；C. theory理论； D. discovery发现。由上文“Something just like that can make someone smile.”可知，善意可以是任何使别人高兴的事，不需要是盛大的举动，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你总是可以只做一件小事，但它可以让某人的那一天变得美好。A. cloud someone’s mood使某人心情低落；B. break someone’s heart 伤某人的心；C. recall someone’s time回忆某人的时光；D. make someone’s day让某人的一天变得愉快。由上文“You can always just do something small, and it can”和“Hey, your shirt looks nice.”可知，做一些让别人高兴的小事可以让别人的一天变得美好，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As temperatures rise throughout China, farmers have launched the spring plowing season, an essential part of the country’s agricultural calendar. Spring plowing, known as chun geng in Chinese, ____36____ (set) the foundation for the year’s grain production. In the North China Plain, ____37____ wheat is a major crop, farmers have been busy preparing the soil, carefully tested and certified by local agricultural stations, ____38____ a good harvest. Meanwhile, in southern provinces, farmers are transplanting young plants into waterlogged fields. Recently, Chinese authorities have ____39____ (steady) promoted the development of new-quality productive forces in agriculture, targeting smart agriculture as a technological breakthrough to enhance efficiency in farming. One good example is Henan’s “Central-China Agricultural Valley” project, which ____40____ (equip) with monitoring stations and satellites. It constantly collects data related to grain growth ____41____ sends it to an analytic system, providing timely ____42____ (guide) for farmers. The Chinese are holding firmly onto ____43____ (they) rice bowls and behind this, agricultural technology is playing an increasingly important role. Technological contributions now represent ____44____ notable 60% of agricultural growth in 2023. Song Lili, a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told Xinhua. “With ____45____ (limit) farmland, innovation is vital to ensure stable grain production.” 【答案】36. sets 37. where 38. for 39. steadily 40. is equipped 41. and 42. guidance 43. their 44. a 45. limited 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国春耕时节农业生产情况及农业技术的发展。 【36题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：Spring plowing(春耕)，在中国被称为“chun geng(春耕)”，为全年的粮食生产奠定了基础。空处作句子的谓语，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为Spring plowing，和谓语动词set之间为主动关系，所以应用一般现在时的主动语态，谓语动词用三单形式。故填sets。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在华北平原，小麦是主要作物，农民们一直在忙着准备土壤，这些土壤都经过了当地农业站的仔细测试和认证，以期获得好收成。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the North China Plain，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：在华北平原，小麦是主要作物，农民们一直在忙着准备土壤，这些土壤都经过了当地农业站的仔细测试和认证，以期获得好收成。此处表示“以期获得好收成”，应用介词for“为了”，表示目的。故填for。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：最近，中国政府一直在稳步推进农业新型生产力的发展，将智能农业作为提高农业生产效率的技术突破口。空处修饰动词promoted，应用副词steadily“稳定地”作状语。故填steadily。 【40题详解】 考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意：一个很好例子是河南的“中原农业谷”项目，该项目配备了监测站和卫星。空处作定语从句的谓语，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语which指代先行词project，为第三人称单数，和从句谓语动词equip之间为被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is equipped。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：它不断收集与粮食生长相关的数据，并将其发送到分析系统，为农民提供及时的指导。“collects data”和“sends it to an analytic system”为并列关系，所以应用连词and连接。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：它不断收集与粮食生长相关的数据，并将其发送到分析系统，为农民提供及时的指导。空处作providing的宾语，应用名词guidance，表示“指导”，为不可数名词。故填guidance。 【43题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国人正紧紧抓住自己的饭碗，而在这背后，农业技术正发挥着越来越重要的作用。空处修饰名词短语rice bowls，应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国农业科学院研究员宋丽丽告诉新华社：“在2023年，技术贡献现在占农业增长的60%，这是一个显著的比例。”此处表示“一个显著的比例”，应用不定冠词表示泛指，notable为辅音音素开头的单词，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于耕地有限，创新对于确保粮食稳定生产至关重要。空处修饰名词farmland作定语，应用形容词limited，表示“有限的”。故填limited。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展关于“Is it good to share daily life on social media?”的讨论。请你写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你的观点； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸上的相应位置作答。 Is it good to share daily life on social media? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Is it good to share daily life on social media? In an era where digital footprints define human interaction, sharing daily life on social media is of great benefit if it is done thoughtfully. To start with, not only does it preserve past experiences but it also serves as evidence of personal growth. Additionally, shared moments help our friends and family members have a better understanding of our life and provide topics for communication, thus strengthening and maintaining interpersonal relationships. However, due to the privacy threats online, it is essential that we set boundaries and share our life selectively. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Is it good to share daily life on social media?”为题写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 充当：serve as→act as 此外：additionally→besides 理解：understanding→comprehension 由于；因为：due to→owing to 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, shared moments help our friends and family members have a better understanding of our life and provide topics for communication, thus strengthening and maintaining interpersonal relationships. 拓展句：Additionally, shared moments help our friends and family members have a better understanding of our life and provide topics for communication, which strengthens and maintains interpersonal relationships. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In an era where digital footprints define human interaction, sharing daily life on social media is of great benefit if it is done thoughtfully.（运用了where引导的定语从句和if引导的条件状语从句） 【高分句型2】To start with, not only does it preserve past experiences but it also serves as evidence of personal growth.（运用了部分倒装句） 【高分句型3】However, due to the privacy threats online, it is essential that we set boundaries and share our life selectively.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Honesty and integrity are Mandy’s habits, and she always follows the Golden Rule: “Do not do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.” But when she recalled her past conduct, her face burned with shame. When many selfish and unfriendly small things came back to her memory, a shy expression appeared on her face. She resolved to follow the Golden Rule. On a Saturday evening, when Mandy went to Mr. Moore’s inn as usual to collect the money for her mother’s laundry for him, totaling one hundred pounds, she found that Mr. Moore was obviously very angry with some horse dealers who he had been bargaining with. He held an open money bag in his hand, filled with notes, and hardly noticed Mandy’s request for the money. He yelled at her because she disturbed him while he was busy. He casually handed some money to Mandy. Mandy was glad to get rid of the chaos and quickly went out. She stopped and safely put the money in her wallet, only to find that he had given her two hundred pounds instead of one hundred pounds. She looked around. No one approached, and her first feeling was the joy of winning an unexpected award. “This is all mine,” she said to herself. “I will use it to buy a new coat for my mother. I wonder if I can also buy a pair of shoes for my brother Tom.” At that moment, she remembered that Mr. Moore must have given it to her by mistake. But the greedy voice whispered, “He gave it to you. How do you know he hasn’t intended to give it as a gift? Keep it! He will never know because he has too many such notes in that big money bag.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 This conflict between doing good and bad things was going on in her mind. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Sir, you paid me two hundred pounds instead of one,” she handed him the extra money. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 This conflict between doing good and bad things was going on in her mind. She repeatedly balanced the comforts the money would buy against the harm of wronging Mr. Moore. Suddenly the Golden Rule “Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you” sounded in her ears like a trumpet. Turning around as if flying from some unseen danger, the child rushed along the road until she found herself once again in front of the inn. “What do you want now?” asked the rude old man, doubtfully. He stared at Mandy as he saw the tears rolling down her cheeks. “Sir, you paid me two hundred pounds instead of one,” she handed him the extra money. “Two hundred? Did I? Let me see; well, so I did,” Mr. Moore said. Realizing he had made a mistake and that Mandy was doing a good deed, Mr. Moore felt grateful to Mandy. He told Mandy to keep the extra money as a reward of her honesty. “No, sir, thank you. I do not want to keep the money that doesn’t belong to me,” said Mandy. Mandy returned to her humble home with a light heart. She was determined that for the future, both in great things and small, she would always remember and follow the Golden Rule. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了曼迪在帮母亲去摩尔先生的旅店收钱时，摩尔先生因与其他人的争执而愤怒，错误地给了她两百英镑。曼迪发现多收了一倍的钱，起初感到欣喜，想用这些钱为母亲和弟弟买东西。她内心的贪婪声音诱惑她留下这笔钱，认为摩尔先生可能不会发现这个错误。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“行善与作恶之间的矛盾一直在她的脑海中萦绕。”可知，第一段可描写经过激烈的思想斗争，曼迪选择回去找摩尔先生还钱。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘先生，你付给我的不是100英镑，而是200英镑，’她把多余的钱递给他。”可知，第二段可描写曼迪归还了摩尔先生多给的钱，得到感谢并找回了快乐。 2.续写线索：内心激烈斗争——作出正确选择——遭到怀疑感到委屈——说明情况得到感谢——谢绝酬金感到轻松愉快 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①购买：buy/purchase ②冲：rush/dash ③遵循：follow/abide by 情绪类 ①怀疑地：doubtfully/skeptically ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] She repeatedly balanced the comforts the money would buy against the harm of wronging Mr. Moore.(运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Turning around as if flying from some unseen danger, the child rushed along the road until she found herself once again in front of the inn. (运用了until引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] I do not want to keep the money that doesn’t belong to me.(运用了关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年第二学期期末调研考试 高二英语试题 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂（选择题）或用黑色签字笔写（非选择题）在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 2.答卷前，务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。 3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman probably get the phone? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 2. What may the weather be like now? A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Windy. 3. What is Susan busy doing now? A. Reading a novel. B. Writing an essay. C. Preparing for a test. 4. How many people will visit New York for free? A.2. B.3. C.5. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. On the phone. B. In a restaurant. C. At home. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man change his appointment? A He has another appointment. B. Dr. Martin can’t go to work tomorrow. C. The traffic has been affected by the bad weather. 7. When will the man meet Dr Martin? A. At 11:00 a. m. tomorrow. B. At 10:00 a. m. next Tuesday. C. At 11:00 a. m. next Tuesday. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman shopping for? A. Envelopes. B. A camera. C. Artsupplies. 9. What additional service does the man mention? A. Photo printing. B. Online purchasing. C. In-store mailing. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. How does Heart of Darkness make the woman feel? A. Scared. B. Happy. C. Relaxed. 11. What is the difference between Heart of Darkness and The Cave? A. Heart of Darkness is brighter. B. The Cave shows a sign of hope. C. They deal with different themes. 12. Why doesn’t the woman buy Heart of Darkness? A It is not for sale. B. It costs too much money. C. It can’t fit in with her living room. 13. What will the speakers do next? A. They will buy a painting. B. They will leave the gallery. C. They will talk with the artist. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What do we know about the area? A. Lightning strikes mostly in December. B. The area is near the Andes Mountains. C. The people there worry about getting hit. 15. What did NASA call the area? A. The Light of Venezuela. B. The Lightning Capital of the World. C. The Never-ending Storm of Catatumbo. 16. Which helps the area get so many storms? A. Warm sea air. B. Warm mountain winds. C. The crowded population. 17. What does the man say in the end? A. He’s scared of storms. B. He’ll never visit Venezuela. C. He’d be careful if he lived in the area. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How did the man help the old lady? A. He took her to hospital. B. He helped her to find her son’s home. C. He carried her bags and took her home. 19. When did the man’s grandmother die? A. 20 years ago. B. 25 years ago. C. 30 years ago. 20. What did it turn out to be? A. The old lady was the man’s father’s aunt. B. The old lady was the man’s father’s neighbor. C. The old lady looked after the man as he was two. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。 A The Harvard Crimson Global Essay Competition (HCGEC) brings together ambitious high school students (aged 15 — 18) from around the world with a passion for, or interest in writing. This competition is an annual opportunity for students to showcase their talents on a global stage, compete to win exclusive educational opportunities and prizes, and explore different possibilities of a future in writing. Each participant is invited to attend best-in-class boot camps (训练营地), explore careers in writing, and compete for exclusive opportunities and global recognition! HCGEC provides exclusive and on-demand boot camps to help participants develop university-level writing competencies and learn about career paths. HCGEC believes that it’s important to cater to (迎合) students with different interests, and therefore provides prompts from three different tracks: creative, argumentative (or persuasive), and journalistic. Each participant selects a prompt at the beginning of the competition and will submit a 500-word (max) essay. The top five essays from each track per region will be invited to the global final round of the competition, where three top global winners for each track will be selected. Each competitor will be permitted to submit one essay before the submission closing date. May 1st: Regular Registrations open June 30th: Regular Registrations close Jump into action now, for global competitions are the perfect stepping stone to develop real-world experience, in theory, learned in the classroom, and to network with peers. 1. What can participants do at boot camps? A. Show their talents. B. Improve their writing skills. C. Conduct interviews about writing. D. Connect with masters in writing. 2. How many top global winners will be selected in total? A. Three. B. Five. C. Nine. D. Fifteen. 3. What can we learn about the essay competition? A. It has no restriction on age. B. It’s aimed at English speakers. C. Whatever styles are welcome. D. There is a word limit. B In Edmonton, Alberta, the sun had yet to come up. The temperature was more than 20 degrees below zero. In the dark and cold, Tanis Smith was ready to run up and down hundreds of stairs among the trees in the Saskatchewan River Valley. And Smith wasn’t alone. Ten people joined her for the activity. All were wearing several layers of clothing. “You’re pretty much just putting everything you own on,” said Smith. “If you look at the pictures, you don’t know who you’re unless you remember what you were wearing.” Since that winter back in 2013, Smith has rarely missed a workout with a group called November Project, a network of free outdoor group exercise classes that started in Boston, Massachusetts. No matter the weather, members get out of bed before sunrise at least once a week and go outdoors for group exercise. November Project is part exercise, part fun, and part community. It’s a model for exercising outdoors, especially in winter. It started in 2011, when two friends agreed to exercise every morning for the month of November. They were looking for companions to help them stick to an exercise routine. By the end of that first month, they’d invited others to join them. Soon, their meetings were bringing in almost forty people. And it became a year-round project. “A party is better when there’re more people around. We’d talk to anybody who’d listen,” said Bojan Mandaric. He created the project with his friend, Brogan Graham. Then, as people moved to other cities, they took the idea with them, so November Project grew. Now, there are 52 groups in eight countries, including 44 in the United States and Canada. People of all ages and fitness levels join the workouts. Some groups begin with activities to bring the group together. Most classes include running and body weight exercises. The project also uses the surroundings of the location. For example, members in Washington D. C. meet on Wednesdays to run up the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. To keep the works fun, they might include fun games and activities from childhood. In Edmonton, they play snow games in winter and water games in summer. These games help people make connections. Additionally, people can earn prizes for reaching different goals. 4. What do Tanis Smith’s words in paragraph 1 suggest about her group members? A. They are from all walks of life. B. They tend to wear the same uniforms. C. They look quite different in the photos. D. They pay much attention to keeping warm. 5. Which of the following words can best describe Tanis Smith? A. Strong-willed. B. Cool-headed. C. Broad-minded. D. Easy-going. 6. Why did Bojan Mandaric create November Project with Brogan Graham? A. To make more friends through exercising. B. To motivate themselves to keep working out. C. To provide professional guidance on exercise. D. To encourage more people to exercise regularly. 7. What do the workout groups do for their members? A. Recognize their achievements. B. Realize their childhood dreams. C. Arrange age-appropriate exercise for them. D. Offer them a chance to display themselves. C Scientists are recruiting (招募) some unusual recruits in their efforts to forecast earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other natural phenomena. They are enrolling thousands of dogs, goats, and other farmyard animals — as well as a wide range of wildlife — in studies that will monitor their movements from space. The programme uses tiny transmitters (发射器) that are being fitted to creatures. The detailed movements of these creatures will then be monitored from a special satellite to be launched next year. “Ultimately, we hope to launch a fleet of around six satellites and establish a global observation network that will not only provide details of wildlife movements during migration (迁徙) and animal health across the planet but reveal how creatures respond to natural phenomena like earthquakes,” said the project leader, Martin Wikelski, of the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour in Germany. The value of studying tagged (做标记的) animals in this latter area has already been demonstrated in early experiments in Sicily, said Wikelski last week. “We have found the behaviour of goats is pretty good at predicting large volcaniceruptions.” Sensors have shown the animals become nervous before an eruption and refuse to move to where they would normally be happy to visit. “They know beforehand what is coming. We don’t know how they do it, but they do,” said Wikelski. Because of a revolution in tagging technology, tiny digital transmitters — using small batteries — and cheap and plentiful GPS devices have made it possible to make tags that are only a few grams in weight. “We are now able to track most things. Understanding how creatures react to geological changes is only one area of interest in that revolution,” added Wikelski. “For instance, we can survey wildlife health from space.” By monitoring tagged animals, scientists can timely detect an outbreak of an infectious disease in the wild, which could be important for controlling the disease’s impact on farms. The technology should also help scientists to understand the processes that drive animal migrations. “Similarly, we will be able to study animal populations to determine how they are responding to habitat changes caused by global warming,” said Wikelski. 8. Why are various animals recruited in the study? A. To identify animal species. B. To test digital transmitters. C. To protect animal habitats. D. To predict natural disasters. 9. What does “this latter area” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Animal health. B. Wildlife migrations. C. A global observation network. D. Animal reactions to natural phenomena. 10. What application of the technology is mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Fueling research into global warming. B. Preventing a disease outbreak in the wild. C. Protecting farms from infections caused by wildlife. D. Reducing the effect of animal migration on humans. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. The sign of natural disasters. B. The use of tagging technology. C. The impact of habitat changes. D. The mystery of animal migration. D Each household has its own way of dealing with disagreements, but a study suggests resolving matters quickly could have lasting health benefits.The research, published in The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, revealed that when conflicts are resolved, the stress related to those experiences is reduced and can even disappear altogether. Because stress has great impacts on overall health, these findings highlight the importance of confronting (面对) disagreements head-on. For this new study, Dakota Witzel and Robert Stawski of Oregon State University used data from Midlife in the United States: Daily Stress Project, 2004-2009 to compare self-reported responses from 2,022 participants about their choices to confront or avoid conflicts and how these behaviors impacted their short-term emotions, as well as their stress the day after the conflict. The pair found that those who reported having resolved the conflict the same day it occurred experienced fewer negative emotions and a lower decline in positive emotions. This same group of participants didn’t experience any prolonged negative emotions on the day following the argument. In contrast, those who avoided arguments experienced both negative emotions on the day of the conflict and lingering stress the day after. The pair believes that conflict resolution aids the body in emotional downregulation, the process that reduces the intensity of emotional experiences. This crucial process helps to reset the body after heightened emotions during a conflict — a process that conflict avoidance doesn’t promote. And those who can’t regulate emotions or have difficulties with downregulation might experience decreased sleep, changes in eating habits, increased uses of alcohol and smoking, behaviors and experiences that can lead to negative health outcomes and chronic disease. Arguments, disagreements, and other interpersonal conflicts can be stressors our bodies view as especially challenging. To confront these conflicts effectively, we are supposed to avoid problematic patterns of communication. Best practices include talking together about how to solve the conflicts, promoting active listening, clarifying needs and intentions, and sharing openly about personal feelings. 12. Why does conflict resolution do good to people’s health according to the study? A. It helps them feel less pressured. B. It prevents stressors from happening. C. It avoids negative experiences in life. D. It makes them enjoy good relationships. 13 How did the researchers draw their conclusions? A By doing real-life surveys. B. By analyzing massive data. C. By conducting lab experiments. D. By consulting relevant experts. 14. What can be inferred about people good at conflict resolution? A. They tend to be emotionally smart. B. They are generally mentally strong. C. Their positive emotions are usually stable. D. Their health is consistently in perfect condition. 15. What is the best way to resolve conflicts according to the text? A. Sharing your opinions cautiously. B. Setting a daily practical purpose. C. Seeking solution-focused dialogues. D. Hiding your errors in the conflicts. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____16____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____17____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____18____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____19____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun. ____20____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph. A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types. B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F. Chances are that the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lena Ford was 7 when she started Arting for You. For this project, Lena collected art supplies and ___21___ them to kids in homeless shelters in and around her hometown of Marietta, Georgia. “My granny always wanted to give back to others,” Lena, now 15, said in an interview. “I was ___22___ by that.” Two years later, she ___23___ a small business called Positively Lena. It sells products with ___24___ messages, including a book Lena wrote to help kids get through hardships. “The world can be a really tough place,” Lena says. “My goal is to spread ___25___.” Part of the money she earns goes toward her ___26___ efforts. She also offers workshops on creative writing. “___27___ , it makes me feel really happy,” Lena says. “And that’s my ___28___ to keep doing what I’m doing: knowing that I’m making a ___29___ and knowing that I’m making people happy.” Kindness is powerful. Studies show that giving and receiving kindness are good for our health. They ___30___ our mood and reduce stress. Research also suggests that kindness can be ___31___. A person who receives an act of kindness is more likely to show kindness to someone else ___32___. “Kindness means just making someone happy,” Lena says. “It can even be something as small as giving someone a ___33___: ‘Hey, your shirt looks nice.’ Something just like that can make someone smile. It doesn’t have to be a grand ___34___. You can always just do something small, and it can ___35___.” 21. A. sold B. donated C. returned D. rented 22. A. admired B. confused C. inspired D. shocked 23. A. launched B. continued C. closed D. abandoned 24. A. scientific B. uplifting C. alarming D. secret 25. A. knowledge B. creativity C. culture D. positivity 26. A. charitable B. fruitless C. overlooked D. painful 27. A. Suddenly B. Accidentally C. Honestly D. Slightly 28 A. ambition B. motivation C. profession D. technique 29. A. difference B. rule C. choice D. decision 30. A. reflect B. ruin C. sense D. boost 31. A. random B. infectious C. unconditional D. voluntary 32. A. under pressure B. for fun C. in return D. by chance 33. A. gift B. praise C. hand D. ride 34. A. gesture B. march C. theory D. discovery 35. A. cloud someone’s mood B. break someone’s heart C. recall someone’s time D. make someone’s day 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As temperatures rise throughout China, farmers have launched the spring plowing season, an essential part of the country’s agricultural calendar. Spring plowing, known as chun geng in Chinese, ____36____ (set) the foundation for the year’s grain production. In the North China Plain, ____37____ wheat is a major crop, farmers have been busy preparing the soil, carefully tested and certified by local agricultural stations, ____38____ a good harvest. Meanwhile, in southern provinces, farmers are transplanting young plants into waterlogged fields. Recently, Chinese authorities have ____39____ (steady) promoted the development of new-quality productive forces in agriculture, targeting smart agriculture as a technological breakthrough to enhance efficiency in farming. One good example is Henan’s “Central-China Agricultural Valley” project, which ____40____ (equip) with monitoring stations and satellites. It constantly collects data related to grain growth ____41____ sends it to an analytic system, providing timely ____42____ (guide) for farmers. The Chinese are holding firmly onto ____43____ (they) rice bowls and behind this, agricultural technology is playing an increasingly important role. Technological contributions now represent ____44____ notable 60% of agricultural growth in 2023. Song Lili, a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told Xinhua. “With ____45____ (limit) farmland, innovation is vital to ensure stable grain production.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展关于“Is it good to share daily life on social media?”的讨论。请你写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你的观点； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸上的相应位置作答。 Is it good to share daily life on social media? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Honesty and integrity are Mandy’s habits, and she always follows the Golden Rule: “Do not do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.” But when she recalled her past conduct, her face burned with shame. When many selfish and unfriendly small things came back to her memory, a shy expression appeared on her face. She resolved to follow the Golden Rule. On a Saturday evening, when Mandy went to Mr. Moore’s inn as usual to collect the money for her mother’s laundry for him, totaling one hundred pounds, she found that Mr. Moore was obviously very angry with some horse dealers who he had been bargaining with. He held an open money bag in his hand, filled with notes, and hardly noticed Mandy’s request for the money. He yelled at her because she disturbed him while he was busy. He casually handed some money to Mandy. Mandy was glad to get rid of the chaos and quickly went out. She stopped and safely put the money in her wallet, only to find that he had given her two hundred pounds instead of one hundred pounds. She looked around. No one approached, and her first feeling was the joy of winning an unexpected award. “This is all mine,” she said to herself. “I will use it to buy a new coat for my mother. I wonder if I can also buy a pair of shoes for my brother Tom.” At that moment, she remembered that Mr. Moore must have given it to her by mistake. But the greedy voice whispered, “He gave it to you. How do you know he hasn’t intended to give it as a gift? Keep it! He will never know because he has too many such notes in that big money bag.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 This conflict between doing good and bad things was going on in her mind. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Sir, you paid me two hundred pounds instead of one,” she handed him the extra money. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$