Unit 11 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 War Memories 词汇 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册

UNIT 11 Lesson 3 War Memories 词汇 soldier n．士兵，军人 Not only the soldiers but also the civilians should take the responsibility to defend our country. 不仅士兵，公民也应该承担起保卫国家的责任。 /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ bomb n．炸弹 vt.轰炸 The bomb exploded and the house was bombed out，which almost frightened the representatives of these countries. 炸弹爆炸了，房子被炸毁了，这几乎把各国代表吓坏了。 /bɒm/ general n．将军，上将 The general gathered his troops and prepared to meet the challenge.将军集结部队，准备迎接挑战。 adj. 一般的；总的；普遍的；大致的； 常规的；大体的；整体的；正常的 /ˈdʒenrəl/ trench n．战壕，堑壕；沟，渠 To completely settle the annoying problem，we are digging trenches for a water system. 为了彻底解决这个恼人的问题，我们正在为供水系统挖沟渠。 /trentʃ/ frontier n．国界，边境；前沿 It is unbelievable that we should find a superb doctor with frontier knowledge of medicine in such a frontier town. 令人难以置信的是，我们竟然在这样一个边境小镇上找到一位精通医学前沿知识的优秀医生。 /ˈfrʌntɪə(r)/ （学科或活动的）尖端，边缘 murder n．谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪 Accused of committing murder，the lawyer succeeded in proving his innocence on his own. 被指控犯有谋杀罪，那名律师成功地自证了清白。 /ˈmɜːdə(r)/ vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 border n．国界，边界；边境地区 It was not until misty dusk that we reached the border. 直到薄雾笼罩的黄昏，我们才到达边境。 vt. 与…接壤；环绕… /ˈbɔːdə(r)/ flee vi.& vt.逃离，逃走 He fled to London after an argument with his family.他与家人争吵以后离家去了伦敦。 过去式：fled过去分词：fled /fliː/ weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流(泪) My niece cracked her head on the stone and a sharp pain made her weep uncontrollably. 我侄女的头撞在了石头上，一阵剧痛使她不由自主地哭泣。 wiːp/ n.哭泣；落泪 过去式：wept 过去分词：wept civilian n．平民，老百姓 As we all know，he is in charge of the civilian side of the UN mission. 众所周知，他在联合国使团中负责平民方面的事务。 /səˈvɪliən/ civil /ˈsɪvl/ adj. 公民的；民事的(非刑事的)；国家的，政府的(非宗教或军事的)；文明的；平民的；国民的；有礼貌的 machine gun机关枪 When the crowd heard a sudden loud burst of machine gun fire，people present got into panic. 当人群听到突然响起的机关枪扫射声时，在场的人陷入了恐慌。 panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌 ·in panic惊慌失措地 get into a panic陷入恐慌 ·panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事 “Tom，run！The house is collapsing！” the mother screamed and panic was plain to see in her voice.Tom panicked so much that he was frozen to the ground. “汤姆，快跑！房子要塌了！”母亲尖叫着，声音里明显流露出恐慌。汤姆如此惶恐，以至于他僵在那里。 /ˈpænɪk/ pray vi.& vt.祈求；祈祷 We have a beautiful city and we pray it stays that way. 我们拥有一座漂亮的城市，并祈祷它永远如此。 identification n．身份证明(文件)；确认 After the thorough investigation，the police made a formal identification of the victim. 经过详细调查，警方正式确认了受害者的身份。 pile n．一大堆 Students in high school are always surrounded by a pile of study materials. 高中生总是被一大堆学习材料包围着。 display vt.展示，陈列 n．展览，陈列；展览品 on display 陈列；展出 Up to 3,000 works are currently being displayed in the museum and these awesome displays appeal to numerous visitors. 目前在博物馆展出的作品多达3 000件，这些令人惊叹的展品吸引着大量游客。 representative n．代表，代理人 adj.典型的，有代表性的 ·represent vt.代表；象征；描绘；展现 ·a representative of ……的代表 ·be representative of代表……的 ·represent sb as把某人描绘成…… The representative succeeded in persuading the other side into accepting his conditions. 这位代表成功地说服了对方接受他的条件。 Representing all our team members，I am writing to invite you to join us. 我代表我们团队所有的成员写信邀请你加入我们。 greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼 ·greeting n．问候，招呼 ·greet sb with 用……跟某人打招呼 Whenever I met the twins，they greeted me with a sweet smile and their friendly greetings made me feel at home.每当我遇到这对双胞胎，他们都带着甜美的微笑向我打招呼，他们友好的问候让我感到亲切自在。 mud n．泥，烂泥 ·muddy adj.泥泞的，多泥的 There is only one muddy path leading to the remote village hidden in the thick woods. 只有一条泥泞的小路通向那个隐藏在茂密树林中的偏远村庄。 distribute vt.分发，分配，分送 ·distribution n．分发；分配；分布；分销，经销 ·distributor n．经销商 ·distribute sth to/among把某物分配/分发给…… distribute...into...把……分成…… All the donated food needs to be distributed within the day，otherwise they will be not fresh. 所有捐赠的食物都需要在一天内分发出去，否则将不新鲜。 To some extent，the conflicts among them boil down to the unfair distribution. 在某种程度上，他们之间的冲突归结为分配不公。 temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的 It was recognized that this solution which was put forward by the company could only be temporary. 人们意识到该公司提出的解决方案只是暂时的。 midnight n．子夜，午夜 at midnight在午夜 In addition to these arrangements，extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight. 除了这些安排以外，额外的救护车将值班至午夜。 ward n．病房 The ward was busy and Amy，a nurse with great patience，hardly had time to talk. 病房里非常忙碌，有耐心的护士艾米几乎没有时间说话。 dozen num.一打 Dozens of visitors crowded into the ocean park to catch a glimpse of a seal. 很多游客涌入海洋公园只为一睹海豹的风采。 surgeon n．外科医生 Do you know what the surgeons and physicians respectively specialize in? 你知道外科医生和内科医生分别专攻什么吗？ ceremony n．仪式，典礼 Our school is to hold a coming-of-age ceremony for those who reach adulthood at 9 am next Saturday in the lecture hall. 我们学校将于下周六上午9点在报告厅为成年学生举行成人礼。 appreciation n．感激；欣赏；(尤指艺术方面的)鉴定，评价 ·appreciative adj.欣赏的；感激的 ·appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 ·show/express appreciation for/of对……表示感谢 in appreciation of为了表示对……的感谢 ·appreciate (sb) doing sth感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if...如果……，我将不胜/十分感激。 Learning that you have a deep appreciation of literature，I am writing to invite you to deliver a speech on how to appreciate Tang poetry.All of us will be appreciative of your coming from the bottom of our hearts.得知你对文学有深厚的鉴赏能力，我写信邀请你来做一场关于如何鉴赏唐诗的演讲。我们所有人都会发自内心地感谢你的到来。 incident n．(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件 The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus. 这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。 n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 v.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌 1 • in panic惊慌失措地 get into a panic陷入恐慌 • panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事 panic (1)On hearing the explosion，the crowd panic fled in all directions. (2)The moment she entered the bare hospital room，she got into real panic and began to weep. (3)The news that the trade negotiation broke down panicked many investors selling their shares. in a into (4)当看到那头凶猛的熊拍打我们的栅栏时，我惊慌失措地尖叫。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写) Seeing the fierce bear hitting our fence，I . (5)简陷入了恐慌，她的心脏跳动得如此剧烈，以至于她感觉快要窒息了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) ，and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly suffocated. 写作佳句 screamed in panic Jane got into a panic (6)野狼的吼叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抵挡的恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) The roar of the wild wolf ，and I wasn’t aware of how to ease . panicked me into screaming the overwhelming panic 2 n.代表，代理人adj.典型的，有代表性的(represent vt.代表；象征；描绘；展现) representative • a representative of ……的代表 • be representative of代表……的 • represent sb as把某人描绘成…… (1)The sort of hot and spicy food is representative the food in the south of the country. of (2)琳达被选为我们学校的代表去参加模拟联合国会议。 Linda was voted as to participate in the MUN conference. (3)这名年轻的士兵被将军描述成了最勇敢、最忠诚的人。 The young soldier ________________________________________ _________ by the general. 写作佳句 a representative of our school was represented as the most courageous and loyal one (4)我非常荣幸能够代表我们学校发表题为“音乐改变我们的生活”的演讲。(应用文写作之演讲稿) It is my great honor to deliver a speech，whose topic is “Music changes our life”， . representing our school 3 vt.分发，分配，分送(distribution n.分发；分配；分布；分销distributor n.经销商) distribute distribute sth to/among把某物分配/分发给…… distribute...into...把……分成…… (1)The head of the department distributed the prizes the winners. (2)Some victims are complaining about the unjust (distribute) of emergency aid. (3)We hope that you will appoint our company as the sole ______________ (distribute) in China. to/among distribution distributor (4)为了方便，老师把学生随机分成了三组。 For convenience，________________________________________ ________________. 写作佳句 the teacher randomly distributed the pupils into three groups 4 n.欣赏；感激(appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到appreciative adj.欣赏的；感激的) appreciation • show/express appreciation for/of对……表示感谢 in appreciation of为了表示对……的感谢 • appreciate (sb) doing sth感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if...如果……，我将不胜/十分感激。 (1)I really appreciated (give) the chance to work in your company two years ago. (2)The hall was full of (appreciate) applause instantly she finished her performance. being given appreciative (3)颁发这个奖是为了感谢她为医学领域做出的巨大贡献。 The reward was given ____________________________________ ___ the medical field. (4)我想对您在我留学期间的帮助表示感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信) when I was studying abroad. 写作佳句 in appreciation of her great contributions to I would like to express my appreciation for/of your help (5)如果你能就如何解决这些问题给我一些建议，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之建议信) how to resolve these problems. I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on 5 “as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as”结构 By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own.(P37，Story B，Para.2) 从样子上可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。 结构分析：此句是简单句。“as bad a state as our own”是“as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as”结构作表语。 在“as...as”结构中，两个as之间通常是形容词或副词；若是名词，其结构通常是“as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as”或“as＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋as”。 (1)You have offered us we have expected. 你提供的有用信息和我们所期望的一样多。 (2)He is as hardworking as anyone else in his class though he fails the exam. →He is anyone else in his class though he fails the exam. as much useful information as as hardworking a boy as (3)那个年轻人非常吃惊，张开嘴巴好像要说些什么。 The young man was so amazed and opened his mouth ___________ ______________________. (4)看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨了。 Look at the clouds in the sky！_____________________________ _____. 写作佳句 as if/ though he would say something It looks as if/though it is going to rain It was this patient’s second visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off—he was all-of-about 20 years old.(P37，Story C) 这是这位病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十几岁。 结构分析：此句是由and连接的并列句。“had both his legs blown off”是“have sth done”结构，表示“使……被……”。 6 “have sth done”结构 • 由have构成的其他常见结构： have sb/sth doing sth让某人/某物一直做某事 won’t/can’t have sb doing...不允许某人做…… have sb do sth让某人做某事 have sth to do有某事要做(不定式作后置定语) (1)I apologize to you for having you (wait) so long on such a freezing day. (2)Having so much housework (do)，the mother had to assign some tasks to her children. (3)Just relax.I will have your car (repair) as soon as possible. (4)老师让他的学生们每天早上读英语。 The teacher . waiting to do repaired has his students read English every morning The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.(P37，Story C) 将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他恰好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。 结构分析：此句是复合句。because引导原因状语从句；从句中happened to be意为“恰好，碰巧”。 7 happen to do sth sth happens/happened to sb某事发生在某人身上 sb happens/happened to＋ do sth某人碰巧做某事 be doing sth某人碰巧正在做某事 have done sth某人碰巧做过某事 It happens/happened that...碰巧…… (1) happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021·新课标Ⅰ) (2)I happened to (withdraw) some money from the ATM so that I could lend 200 dollars to you. It have withdrawn (3)信不信由你，几个月前我第一次碰巧读《青年》报时，我有一种想一口气读完它的冲动。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作) Believe it or not，________________________________________ ______ a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath. 写作佳句 the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth 返 回 (4)听说不好的事情发生在你身上了，我非常难过，我写信是为了给你提供一些好的建议。(应用文写作之建议信) I am terribly sorry to hear that _____________________________ ____ and I am writing to provide you with some good suggestions. something bad has happened to you $$