内容正文:
高中阶段高频短语归类记
一、look相关短语
1. look after:照顾,照料,关心。
例:I can look after myself. 我能照顾自己。
2. look at:看……,注视……;看待;考虑;检查。
例:He looked at me and smiled. 他望着我笑了。
3. look back:回顾,回想;停滞,畏缩,倒退(通常用于否定句)。
例:I still shudder when I look back on the past. 想起过去,我仍然不寒而栗。
4. look down on/upon:看不起,瞧不起。
例:You shouldn’t look down upon the poor. 你不应该瞧不起穷人。
5. look for:寻找;期待,指望。
例:I have looked for it everywhere. 我到处找过它了。
6. look forward to:期待,盼望,其中to是介词,后接名词或动名词。
例:We are looking forward to hearing from you. 我们盼望收到你的来信。
7. look in:(顺便)来访。
例:Why don’t you look in (on) me next time you’re in town? 你下次进城来顺便来串串门好吗?
8. look into:调查,研究,了解。
例:We’ll look into that right away. 我们会马上调查此事。
9. look like:看起来像,似乎要。
例:He looks like your brother. 他看上去像你哥哥。
10. look on:旁观;看(待)(尤指带有某种目光或情绪等);看作
例:No, I’m not playing; I’m just looking on. 不,我不打,我只是看看。
11. look out:向外看;注意,当心,小心;找出,挑选出。
例:Look out. There’s a car coming! 当心!汽车来了!
12. look over:审阅,翻阅,打量,检查。
例:Would you mind looking over my exercises? 请你帮我看一下我的练习好吗?
13. look through:翻阅,浏览。
例:Before the meeting he looked through the reports. 开会前他把报告看了一遍。
14. look up:查阅,查找;仰视;看望,拜访。
例:Look up this word in the dictionary. 在字典里查这个单词。
二、make相关短语
1. make up:组成,构成;编造(谎言等);化妆;弥补,补偿
例:Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的56%。
例:He made up an excuse about his car breaking down. 他编造了一个汽车抛锚的借口。
例:She spends an hour making up every morning. 她每天早上花一个小时化妆。
例:I need to make up the time I missed last week. 我要补上上周错过的时间。
2. make of:理解,看待(常用于what引导的疑问句)
例:What do you make of this situation? 你怎么看待这种情况?
例:I don't know what to make of his strange behavior. 我不知道该如何理解他奇怪的行为。
3. make from:由……制成(看不出原材料)
例:Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木材制成的。
4. make of:由……制成(能看出原材料)
例:The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是木制的。
5. make out:辨认出;理解,明白;填写(表格等)
例:I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 我在黑暗中勉强能辨认出一个人影。
例:Can you make out what he's trying to say? 你能明白他想说什么吗?
6. make up for:弥补,补偿
例:Her enthusiasm makes up for her lack of experience. 她的热情弥补了她经验的不足。
7. make sense:有意义,讲得通;合理
例:This sentence doesn't make sense. 这个句子讲不通。
8. make sure:确保,确信
例:Make sure you lock the door before leaving. 离开前一定要锁好门。
9. make up one's mind:下定决心
例:She's made up her mind to study abroad. 她已下定决心出国留学。
10. make fun of:嘲笑,取笑
例:It's not polite to make fun of others' mistakes. 嘲笑别人的错误是不礼貌的。
11. make it:成功;做到;及时赶到
例:He finally made it as a famous actor. 他最终成为了一名著名演员,取得了成功。
12. make way for:为……让路,让位于
例:All cars must make way for emergency vehicles. 所有车辆必须为应急车辆让路。
13. make use of:利用
例:We should make full use of our time. 我们应该充分利用时间。
14. make a difference:有影响,起作用
例:Every small act of kindness can make a difference. 每一个小小的善举都能产生影响。
15. make a living:谋生
例:He makes a living by writing stories. 他靠写小说谋生。
三、of相关短语
1. because of (因为,由于)后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。
例:He was late because of the heavy rain. 他因为大雨迟到了。
2. instead of (代替,而不是)后接名词、代词、动名词等,强调用前者替代后者。
例:I decided to stay at home instead of going out. 我决定待在家里,而不是出去。
3. in front of (在……前面)指在某物外部的前面。
例:There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
4. in charge of (负责,管理)主语通常是人,侧重“管理某事或某人”。
例:She is in charge of the school library. 她负责学校图书馆。
5. in need of (需要) 表示“缺乏或需要某物”。
例:The poor children are in need of help. 这些贫困的孩子需要帮助。
6. a lot of / lots of (许多,大量)既可修饰可数名词复数,也可修饰不可数名词,多用于肯定句。
例:There are a lot of books on the shelf. 书架上有很多书。
7. kind of (有点儿,稍微)修饰形容词或副词,口语中常用。
例:The movie is kind of boring. 这部电影有点儿无聊。
8. all kinds of (各种各样的)后接可数名词复数。
例:There are all kinds of flowers in the garden. 花园里有各种各样的花。
9. think of (想起,考虑;认为) 表示“想起某人/某物”或“对……有看法”。
例:I often think of my hometown. 我经常想起我的家乡。
10. be proud of (为……感到骄傲)强调对某人或某事的自豪情感。
例:Parents are always proud of their children's achievements. 父母总是为孩子的成就感到骄傲。
11. be afraid of (害怕……)后接名词、代词或动名词,指对某事或做某事感到恐惧。
例:She is afraid of snakes. 她害怕蛇。
12. be made of (由……制成)能看出原材料。
例:The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是木制的。
13. be full of (充满……)表示某物内部装满了某物。
例:The room is full of people. 房间里挤满了人。
14. a number of (许多,若干)后接可数名词复数,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
例:A number of students are playing on the playground. 许多学生在操场上玩。
15. the number of (……的数量) 后接可数名词复数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
例:The number of books in the library is large. 图书馆里书的数量很多。
四、on相关短语
1. depend on:依赖,依靠;取决于
例:Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 孩子们依赖父母提供衣食。
2. insist on:坚持,坚决要求
例:She insists on going to the party alone. 她坚持要独自去参加派对。
3. congratulate...on:为……向……祝贺
例:She congratulated me on my new job. 她为我的新工作向我表示祝贺。
4. focus on:集中(注意力、精力等)于
例:Students should focus on their studies. 学生们应该集中精力学习。
5. based on:以……为基础
例:This novel is based on a true story. 这部小说以一个真实的故事为基础。
6. spend...on:在……上花费(时间、金钱等)
例:She spends a lot of money on books. 她在书籍上花了很多钱。
7. be hard on:对……苛刻,对……严厉
例:Don't be too hard on yourself. 别对自己太苛刻。
8. on purpose:故意地
例:I think he did it on purpose. 我认为他是故意那么做的。
9. on time:准时
例:Please arrive at the meeting on time. 请准时到会。
10. on duty:值班,值日
例:Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日?
11. on average:平均而言
例:On average, we work eight hours a day. 我们平均每天工作八小时。
12. on behalf of:代表
例:He spoke on behalf of all employees. 他代表所有员工发言。
13. on the contrary:相反
例:He is not poor. On the contrary, he is quite rich. 他并不穷,相反,他很富有。
14. on fire:着火
例:The dry grass caught on fire easily. 干草很容易着火。
15. on sale:出售;打折出售
例:These shoes are on sale this week. 这双鞋本周打折出售。
五、out相关短语
1. break out:爆发;突然发生
例:The Second World War broke out in 1939. 第二次世界大战于1939年爆发。
2. carry out:执行;实施;完成
例:The company will carry out a new project next month. 公司下个月将执行一个新项目。
3. come out:出版;发行;出现;结果是
例:His new book will come out next week. 他的新书将于下周出版。
例:The moon came out from behind the clouds. 月亮从云层后面露了出来。
例:The result of the competition came out, and we won. 比赛结果出来了,我们赢了。
4. find out:查明;弄清楚;发现
例:We need to find out the truth. 我们需要查明真相。
例:She finally found out his secret. 她最终发现了他的秘密。
5. get out:出去;离开;逃脱
例:Please let me get out. I'm going to be late. 请让我出去,我要迟到了。
6. give out:分发;发出(光、热等);耗尽
例:The teacher gave out the test papers in class. 老师在课堂上分发了试卷。
例:The sun gives out light and heat. 太阳发出光和热。
例:My strength gave out during the long - distance run. 我的力气在长跑中耗尽了。
7. go out:出去;熄灭;过时
例:Let's go out for dinner tonight. 我们今晚出去吃晚餐吧。
例:The candle went out in the wind. 蜡烛在风中熄灭了。
例:This style of clothes has gone out. 这种款式的衣服已经过时了。
8. hand out:分发;散发
例:Volunteers handed out leaflets on the street. 志愿者们在街上分发传单。
9. hold out:坚持;伸出;提供
例:They held out in the difficult situation. 他们在困境中坚持了下来。
例:He held out his hand to me. 他向我伸出了手。
10. keep out:阻止进入;不让……进来
例:Please close the window to keep out the rain. 请关好窗户,别让雨水进来。
11. look out:当心;小心;注意
例:Look out for the ice on the road. 当心路上的冰。
12. make out:辨认出;理解;填写
例:I could just make out his figure in the distance. 我在远处勉强能辨认出他的身影。
13. point out:指出;指明
例:The teacher pointed out the mistakes in my homework. 老师指出了我作业中的错误。
14. put out:扑灭;熄灭;生产;出版
例:The firefighters quickly put out the big fire. 消防员迅速扑灭了大火。
例:Please put out your cigarette. 请熄灭你的香烟。
例:This factory puts out a large number of cars every year. 这家工厂每年生产大量汽车。
15. run out:用完;耗尽
例:Our gasoline is running out. 我们的汽油快用完了。
16. set out:出发;开始;着手
例:They set out at dawn. 他们在黎明时分出发了。
17. sort out:整理;分类;解决
例:I need to sort out my desk. 我需要整理一下我的书桌。
例:They finally sorted out the problem. 他们最终解决了这个问题。
18. take out:取出;拿出
例:She took out the key from her bag. 她从包里取出了钥匙。
19. try out:试验;试用;参加……选拔
例:They are trying out a new method. 他们正在试验一种新方法。
例:He tried out for the basketball team. 他参加了篮球队的选拔。
20. work out:解决;算出;制定出;锻炼
例:We must work out this difficult problem. 我们必须解决这个难题。
六、pay相关短语
1. pay attention to:注意;关注
例:You must pay attention to the teacher in class. (你在课堂上必须注意听老师讲课。)
2. pay back:偿还;报复
例:I will pay back the money I borrowed from you next week. (我下周会还借你的钱。)
例:He paid her back for her rudeness by ignoring her. (他用无视来报复她的无礼。)
3. pay for:为……付款;为……付出代价
例:Who will pay for the meal? (谁来付这顿饭的钱?)
4. pay off:还清(债务);取得成功;得到回报
例:They finally paid off their mortgage. (他们终于还清了房贷。)
例:All her hard work paid off in the end. (她所有的努力最终都得到了回报。)
5. pay a visit to:拜访;参观
例:We plan to pay a visit to our grandparents this weekend. (我们计划这周末去拜访祖父母。)
七、put相关短语
1. put away:把……收起来;储存
例:Please put away your toys after playing. 玩完后请把你的玩具收起来。
例:She puts away some money every month for her future. 她每月存一些钱为将来做准备。
2. put off:推迟;拖延
例:We had to put off the meeting because of the rain. 因为下雨,我们不得不推迟会议。
例:Don't put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今日事今日毕。
3. put on:穿上;上演;增加(体重等)
例:She put on her coat and went out. 她穿上外套出去了。
例:The school will put on a play next week. 学校下周将上演一部戏剧。
4. put out:熄灭;扑灭;出版
例:They used water to put out the fire. 他们用水扑灭了火。
例:The company puts out a new magazine every month. 这家公司每月出版一本新杂志。
5. put up:举起;张贴;搭建;提供住宿
例:Please put up your hand if you have any questions. 如果有问题,请举手。
例:We put up a notice about the school trip on the wall. 我们在墙上贴了一张关于学校旅行的通知。
6. put down:放下;写下;镇压
例:Put down your name and address on the form. 在表格上写下你的姓名和地址。
7. put forward:提出(建议、计划等)
例:She put forward a good idea at the meeting. 她在会议上提出了一个好主意。
8. put up with:忍受;容忍
例:I can't put up with his bad temper anymore. 我再也忍受不了他的坏脾气了。
八、set相关短语
1. set about (doing) sth:着手,开始。
例:As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up the room. 她一到就开始收拾房间。
2. set aside:留出,搁/放在一边;不予考虑。
例:The government set aside $10 million for disaster relief. 政府拨款1000万用于灾区救助。
3. set down:放下;记下。
例:You had better set down your idea before you forget it. 你最好把你的意见写下来,以免忘记。
4. set off:出发,起程;引起爆炸;激起,引起。
例:Little Tom and his father set off for America last week, and arrived there this morning. 小汤姆和他的爸爸上周动身去美国,并于今天上午到达那里。
5. set out (for…):出发往(……),动身去(……)。
例:The Chinese team held a meeting for a whole day before setting out for Barcelona for the Olympic Games. 中国队在去巴塞罗那参加奥运会之前开了一整天的会。
6. set out to do:开始做,着手做。
例:The moment I got home,I set out to do my homework. 我一到家就开始做家庭作业。
7. set up:创立,设立,开办;竖起,支起。
例:We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system. 我们一定会建立一个完整的现代工业体系。
8. set /give a (good) example to…:为……树立(好)榜样。
例:He has set us a good example. 他为我们树立了一个好榜样。
9. set a goal:设定目标。
例:You should set a goal before you start working. 你应该在开始工作前设定一个目标。
10. set fire to sth = set sth on fire:纵火,放火烧。
例:The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night. 警方正在试图查明昨晚是谁放火烧了这座大楼。
11. set back:阻碍;使倒退。
例:Bad weather set back the construction. 恶劣天气阻碍了施工。
九、stand相关短语
1. stand by:站在旁边;袖手旁观;支持;准备行动
例:How could you stand by and watch him being bullied? 你怎么能袖手旁观看着他被欺负呢?
例:I'll stand by you no matter what happens. 无论发生什么,我都会支持你。
2. stand for:代表;象征;主张;支持;容忍;允许(常用于否定句)
例:The olive branch stands for peace. 橄榄枝象征着和平。
例:We stand for equal rights for all. 我们主张所有人享有平等权利。
例:I won't stand for such rudeness. 我不会容忍这种无礼行为。
3. stand out:突出;显眼;杰出;出色
例:Her red dress made her stand out in the crowd. 她的红裙子让她在人群中很显眼。
例:He stands out as a talented musician. 他是一位杰出的音乐家。
4. stand up:站起来;起立;经得起;耐用;信守(诺言等)
例:Please stand up when the teacher enters the classroom. 老师进教室时请起立。
5. stand up for:捍卫;支持;维护
例:You should stand up for what you believe in. 你应该捍卫自己的信仰。
6. stand against:反对;抵抗
例:We should stand against any form of injustice. 我们应该反对任何形式的不公正。
7. stand aside:站到一边;让开;不参与
例:Please stand aside and let the ambulance pass. 请让到一边,让救护车过去。
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