考点清单03 必修第一册Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型语法梳理（常考点&易错点）（期中知识清单）高一英语上学期北师大版

专题01 必修第一册 Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点01 重点词类 1．※dragon n. ____________ 2．barbecue n. ____________ 3．lantern n. ____________ 4．turkey n. ____________ 5．monster n. ____________ 6．※flight n. ____________ 7．wine n. ____________ 8．accent n. ____________ 9．hotpot n. ____________ 10．firecracker n. ____________ 11．※buzz vi. ____________ 12．beer n. ____________ 13．※studio n. ____________ 14．jeans n. ____________ 15．stocking n. ____________ 16．※envelope n. ____________ 17．lap n. ____________ 18．ballet n. ____________ 19．downstairs adv. ____________ 知识点02 高频短语 1．put up ____________ 2．as far as ____________ 3．make an effort ____________ 4．pass away ____________ 5．no longer ____________ 6．sweep away the dirt of the past year ____________ 7．scare away the monster Nian ____________ 8．make an effort to help me ____________ 9．sing it over and over again ____________ 10．catch her eye through the window ____________ 知识点03 重点句型 1．人们相信“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会到来。(It is＋过去分词＋that从句) ________________________ when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives. 2．每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。(the moment引导时间状语从句) Every year, ________________________, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family. 3．随着我年龄的增长，回家和全家人待在一起则成了(春节)最重要的一部分。(as引导时间状语从句) ____________, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. 4．大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。(so…that…) David put ____________________________________ he couldn't swallow. 5．当我思考是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，进入脑海的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。(强调句型) When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, ________________________ come to mind. 知识点04 重点语法 名词短语（NP）：名词 + 修饰成分 例：the traditional spring celebration 传统的春日庆典 形容词短语（AdjP）：形容词 + 修饰成分 例：really proud of our culture 对我们的文化十分自豪 副词短语（AdvP）：副词 + 修饰成分 例：quite happily 十分开心地 介词短语（PP）：介词 + 介词宾语 例：during the festival 在节日期间 动词短语（VP）：实义动词连同附属成分 例：take part in the parade 参加游行 动词ing 作定语：修饰名词，表主动 / 进行 例：the burning candles 燃烧的蜡烛 动词ing 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语性质 例：The festival is surprising. 这个节日令人感到新奇。 动词ing 作宾语：放在动词后充当宾语 例：I enjoy gathering with my family. 我喜欢和家人团聚。 动词ed 作定语：动词ed 修饰名词，表被动 / 完成 例：the decorated houses 被装饰过的房屋 动词ed 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语感受 例：We were excited about the big party. 我们对这场盛大的聚会感到很兴奋。 to do 作定语：不定式后置修饰名词 例：a chance to experience local customs 一次体验当地习俗的机会 to do 作目的状语：表动作目的 例：We prepare special food to honour our ancestors. 我们准备特色食物来缅怀祖先。 it 作形式宾语结构：find/think + it + adj. + to do it 为形式宾语，真正宾语为后面 to do 不定式 例：I find it meaningful to celebrate traditional festivals. 我发现庆祝传统节日很有意义。 定语从句（限制性） that /which 修饰事物，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the custom that we keep 我们保留的习俗 who 修饰人，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the elders who tell old stories 讲古老故事的长辈们 what 引导名词性从句 what 在从句充当主 / 宾，表 “…… 的事物” 例：What I love most is the family reunion. 我最喜欢的就是家人团聚。 when 引导时间状语从句：when 引导从句表时间 例：We set off fireworks when the new year comes. 新年到来时我们燃放烟花。 as long as 引导条件状语从句：as long as 表条件，“只要” 例：You will feel warm as long as you stay with your family. 只要和家人待在一起，你就会感到温暖。 so…that… 引导结果状语从句：如此…… 以至于 例：The party was so wonderful that nobody wanted to leave. 这场聚会太精彩了，没人想离开。 There be 句型：表存在，“某地有某物” 例：There are all kinds of activities during the celebration. 庆典期间有各种各样的活动。 What if… 句型：用于假设疑问，“倘若…… 会怎样” 例：What if we cannot get together for the festival? 倘若节日我们不能团聚该怎么办？ 被动语态（一般现在 / 一般过去被动）（本单元重点，节日风俗大量使用被动） 结构：be + done 例：The rooms are decorated with flowers. 房间被鲜花装饰。 例：The old tradition was passed down years ago. 这项古老传统多年前就被传承下来。 before 引导时间状语从句 在…… 之前 例：We must make preparations before the festival arrives. 在节日到来之前我们必须做好准备。 考点01 词类转换 （派生词）— 最高频 1．occasion n. 重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→________ adj. 偶尔的，临时的→________ adv. 有时，偶尔，间或 2．graduation n. 毕业→________ v. 毕业 n. 毕业生 3．congratulation n. 恭喜，祝贺→________ vt. 祝贺 4．decorate vi. & vt. 装饰，布置，美化→________ n. 装饰物；装饰品 5．tradition n. 传统→________ adj. 传统的→________ adv. 传统地 6．account n. 描述，报道→________ n. 会计 7．expectant adj. 期待的，期望的→________ v. 期待；预料→________ n. 期待；预料 8．scare vt. 吓唬；使 (某人) 惊恐→________ adj. 害怕的→________ adj. 可怕的 9．surround vt. 环绕，围绕→________ adj. 周围的→________ n. 周围环境 10．retired adj. 退休的→________ vi. & vt. 退休→________ n. 退休 11．joy n. 欢欣，愉快，喜悦→________ adj. 高兴的→________ adv. 高兴地，喜悦地 12．original adj. 原先的，最早的，最初的→________ adv. 起初→________ n. 起源；由来→________ v. 起源；创立→________ n. 独创性，创意 13．greet vt. 问候，欢迎；打招呼→________ n. 问候 14．suit n. 套装→________ adj. 合适的 15．represent vt. 代表→________ adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表→________ n. 代表 16．patience n. 耐心；耐力→________ n. 不耐烦→________ adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→________ adj. 不耐烦的→________ adv. 耐心地 17．behaviour n. 行为，举止→________ vi. 表现 18．description n. 描述，描写→________ vt. 描述，描写 19．summarise vi.& vt. 总结，概括→________ n．总结；摘要；概要 考点02 介词填空 — 必考 1.be fond ________ 喜爱…… 2.be thankful ________ 对…… 心存感激 3.be occupied ________ 忙于…… 4.be popular ________ 受…… 欢迎 5.be rich ________ 富含；富有…… 6.be satisfied ________ 对…… 感到满意 7.be anxious ________ 渴望…… 8.be famous ________ 因…… 而出名 9.be familiar ________ 为…… 所熟悉 10.be excited ________ 对…… 感到兴奋 考点03 "to 后接 doing" 陷阱 — 高频易错 ✅to 为介词 + doing 1.look forward to ________ (celebrate) festivals 期待庆祝节日 2.be used to ________ (gather) with family 习惯家人团聚 3.stick to ________ (keep) old traditions 坚持恪守古老传统 4.pay attention to ________ (prepare) festival gifts 注意准备节日礼物 5.be addicted to ________ (enjoy) festive activities 沉迷享受节日活动 ✅to 为不定式符号 + do 1.hope ________ (experience) local customs 希望体验本土习俗 2.want ________ (honour) ancestors 想要缅怀祖先 3.decide ________ (hold) a big celebration 决定举办盛大庆典 4.plan ________ (prepare) traditional food 计划准备传统美食 5.choose ________ (set) off fireworks 选择燃放烟花 考点04 ed /ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 1.________（人感到高兴的）/________（事物令人愉快的） 2.________（人感到震惊的）/________（事物令人震惊的） 3.________（人着迷的）/________（事物令人着迷的） 4.________（人感到开心的）/________（事物有趣逗乐的） 5.________（人受感动的）/________（事物令人感动的） 6.________（人感到迷惑的）/________（事物令人费解的） 序号 易混短语 释义 用法场景 例句 1 Join join in /take part in /sign up for 加入参与参加报名参加 join：加入俱乐部、组织、人群，成为成员join in：参与正在进行的活动（讨论、游戏）take part in：参加大型正式活动，并发挥作用sign up for：预先报名课程、社团，侧重报名动作 He joined the debate club.Come and join in our discussion.We took part in the school sports meeting.I plan to sign up for the art club. 2 be anxious about be curious about 为…… 担心对…… 好奇 be anxious about：负面情绪，担忧、焦虑be curious about：中性，对未知事物抱有好奇心 I’m anxious about my new school life.Teenagers are curious about new things. 3 look forward to doing expect to do 期待做某事期待做某事 look forward to：to 是介词，后接 doing，作文高频expect to do：to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形 I look forward to meeting my new teacher.I expect to balance study and hobbies. 4 be used to doing used to do be used to do 习惯于做…过去常常做…被用来做… be used to doing：to 介词，表现在习惯used to do：过去常做，现在不再做be used to do：被动语态，某物被用来做某事 She is used to taking notes in class.I used to feel nervous at first.Books are used to gain knowledge. 5 make the most of take advantage of 充分利用利用；占便宜 make the most of：褒义，珍惜时间、机会take advantage of：中性（利用机会）；贬义（占人便宜） Make the most of your teenage time.Don’t take advantage of others’ kindness. 6 deal with cope with 处理，应对艰难应对 deal with：通用，处理问题事务，常搭配 how cope with：侧重克服压力、繁重困难 How do you deal with stress?It is tough to cope with heavy schoolwork. 7 focus on concentrate on 聚焦于集中注意力于 focus on：把目光、目标聚焦，适用范围广concentrate on：排除外界干扰，专心投入 Focus on your goals.Concentrate on your lessons in class. 8 stick to doing keep on doing 坚持做…持续反复做… stick to：to 介词，坚持计划、信念、原则keep on：反复持续做，强调动作不间断 Stick to practising and you will improve.Keep on trying when facing challenges. 9 prepare forget ready for 为…… 做准备做好…… 准备 prepare for：准备的过程，动作阶段get ready for：准备完毕，强调就绪状态 I’m preparing for the exam.We get ready for the club activity. 10 keep in touch with get in touch with 与…… 保持联系与…… 取得联系 keep in touch with：长期维持联络get in touch with：初次建立联系 I keep in touch with my old friends.Get in touch with me if you meet trouble. 序号 易混句式 含义 用法场景 例句 1 It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth. It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……某人做某事，真是…… for：形容词描述事情本身（difficult, important, easy, necessary）of：形容词描述人的品质（responsible, kind, clever） It is hard for freshmen to adapt to new school life.It is responsible of you to finish the task on time. 2 find it +adj. +to do sth. find + 宾语 +adj. 发现做某事……（it 形式宾语）发现某物 / 某人处于某种状态 find it+adj.+to do：真正宾语是后面不定式，避免头重脚轻find + 宾语 + adj：形容词直接作宾语补足语 I find it difficult to balance study and hobbies.I found the new class lively and interesting. 3 so…that…such…that… 如此…… 以至于……（结果状语）如此…… 以至于……（结果状语） so + 形容词 / 副词 +thatsuch +(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 +that I was so busy that I had no free time.It was such a challenging course that I spent much time on it. 4 too…to… so…that…not… 太…… 而不能……如此…… 以至于不能…… too…to：简单句结构，本身含否定含义so…that…not：复合句，从句内加否定词 He is too tired to focus his attention.He was so tired that he could not focus his attention. 5 What if…? How about…? 倘若…… 该怎么办？…… 怎么样？ What if：假设、担忧，引出假想的坏情况How about：提出建议，询问意见 What if no one talks to me?How about signing up for the debate club? 6 be doing sth. when… when + 一般过去时 正在做某事，这时突然……当…… 的时候（时间状语） be doing sth. when：when 表示突然发生意外动作，when 译为 “这时”when：单纯描述时间，主从句动作先后 / 同时发生 I was preparing my lessons when the bell rang. I felt nervous when I arrived at the new school. 7 as long as so long as 只要（条件状语从句）只要（条件状语从句） as long as：书面正式，写作首选so long as：口语化，也可表 “和…… 一样长” You will make progress as long as you stick to your plan.You can join the club so long as you are interested. 8 There is no need (for sb.)to do sth. It is no use doing sth. （某人）没必要做某事做某事没用 There is no need to do：不定式，不必做It is no use doing：动名词，做…… 毫无用处 There is no need for you to be anxious.It is no use worrying all the time. 9 would rather do A than do B prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B比起 B 更喜欢 A would rather 后接动词原形prefer…to… 中 to 是介词，后接 doing I would rather take notes than copy others’ homework.I prefer reading books to playing games. 10 not only…but also … both…and… 不仅…… 而且………… 和…… 两者都 not only…but also…：就近原则，强调后者both…and…：谓语动词永远用复数 Not only my classmates but also my teacher likes the activity.Both my classmates and my teacher like the activity. 题型 考查内容 示例 难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 词义记忆 根据汉语 / 首字母写出 registration、stress、confident ★ 单句语法填空 词形转换、介词固定搭配、非谓语变形 I find it hard ______ (balance) study and hobbies.（to balance） ★ 完成句子 核心句型运用、短语默写 他习惯于早起：He is used to ______ (get up early).（getting up early） ★★ 选词填空 短文语境选词 + 词形变形 方框词：challenge, impress, addict, advance；填入短文并正确变形 ★★ 单项选择 易混短语、形容词辨析、to 后 doing 陷阱 辨析 join/join in/take part in/sign up for；ed/ing 形容词辨析 ★★ 句型转换 同义句式改写 It is important for us to make the most of time. ⇄ To make the most of time is important for us. ★★★ 短语翻译 单元固定短语记忆 汉译英：充分利用（make the most of）；处理，应对（deal with） ★ 词义配对 单词、短语词义连线匹配 anxious— 焦虑的；focus on— 集中注意力于；be responsible for— 对…… 负责 ★ 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发) 题型/技巧模块 一句话核心要点 详细解题策略 高频失分坑（必避） 单词拼写 先判词性，再定变形，结合句意填单元核心词 第一步：根据空格位置判断词性（名/动/形/副）；第二步：根据句式判断单复数、时态、变形；第三步：锁定Welcome Unit&Unit1高频词（anxious、confident、impression、responsibility、challenge等）精准拼写。 字母拼写遗漏、词性乱变形、名词单复数遗忘、大小写错误、派生词拼写混淆 单句语法填空（词形转换） 有词先判词性成分，无词优先填介冠连 给词：先判断作主语/宾语变名词、作定语变形容词、作状语变副词、非谓语看主被动；无词：固定搭配填介词、句子结构填连词、单数名词填冠词。重点掌握单元派生词变形。 词性混用、副词漏ly、名词单复数错误、时态语态误用、变形不彻底 单句语法填空（介词固定搭配） 单元固定搭配直接秒杀，无需过度分析句意 熟记单元成套搭配：be anxious/curious about、be responsible for、be addicted to、focus/concentrate on、suitable for，看到固定形容词/动词直接匹配对应介词。 介词张冠李戴、中式搭配、凭语感乱填、固定短语记忆残缺 to 陷阱辨析（高频易错） 介词to后接doing，不定式to后接动词原形 死记单元介词to短语：look forward to、be addicted to、be used to、stick to、pay attention to 后统一用doing；used to do、want to do 为不定式，后接原形。 惯性写动词原形、分不清介词to与不定式to、改错题型高频丢分 ed/ing形容词辨析 人用ed表感受，物用ing表属性 修饰人、人的情绪、感受用-ed（amazed、confused、stressed、annoyed）；修饰事物、任务、环境、事件用-ing（amazing、confusing、stressful、challenging）。 challenging/challenged、stressed/stressful混用、主观客观不分 易混短语辨析（参加类） join入组织、join in凑活动、take part in起作用、sign up for报名 join+社团/组织/人群；join in+正在进行的游戏/讨论；take part in+大型正式活动（运动会、比赛）；sign up for+课程、社团、培训（侧重报名动作）。 四个短语语境混用、不区分场景、完形单选高频误选 情绪短语辨析 anxious表担忧负面，curious表好奇中性 be anxious about 侧重担心结果、焦虑不安；be curious about 侧重对未知事物好奇、想要探索，语境情绪色彩完全不同。 语义混淆、语境判断失误、翻译写反语义 处理类短语辨析 日常事务deal with，压力困境cope with deal with通用处理问题、事务，常配how；cope with侧重克服压力、繁重学业、艰难困境，难度更高。 语境难度不分、随意互换、完形填空失分 利用类短语辨析 make the most of纯褒义珍惜，take advantage of可褒可贬 make the most of 珍惜时间、机会、资源（积极）；take advantage of 利用优势，也可指占便宜、利用他人（含贬义）。 感情色彩不分、写作误用贬义短语 完成句子（句型仿写） 锁定标志句型，严格套模板，不改结构 看到提示词立刻匹配句型：no matter+疑问词让步、a time when定语从句、before时间从句、find it复合结构、现在分词结果状语、What if假设句型，时态全程统一。 句型结构错乱、非谓语误用、时态混乱、to后原形错误、漏写连接词 句型转换（同义改写） 句意不变、结构替换、时态一致 熟记单元高频互换：It is...to do ↆ To do...；so...that ↆ too...to；prefer doing to doing ↆ would rather do than do，保证句式规范无语法错误。 句式改写不完整、主谓不一致、介词误用、语义跑偏 选词填空（语境变形） 先定词义适配语境，再做正确词形变形 第一步通读短文把握主旨；第二步匹配方框词汇语义；第三步根据句子成分变形（名词单复数、形容词副词、非谓语），优先单元高频词。 只选词不变形、变形错误、语境语义匹配错误、忽略时态 短语翻译（汉译英） 精准默写固定搭配，介词不丢、结构完整 严格默写单元原版短语，重点记忆介词搭配、to后结构、固定形容词搭配，不自创中式短语。 漏写介词、短语残缺、单词拼写错误、中式翻译 单项选择（易混辨析） 先排错、再辨析场景、最后锁定最优项 优先排除语法错误选项（to do/doing错误、ed/ing混用、介词错误），再结合语境场景区分易混短语、形近词、句式差异。 凭语感做题、不区分场景、形近词混淆、陷阱题误判 阅读理解（单元话题） 题干定位+原文同义替换，拒绝主观臆断 圈题干关键词，回原文精准定位；正确答案多为原文同义改写；绝对化选项大概率错误，侧重校园生活、青少年成长、习惯培养话题。 主观脑补、定位偏差、偷换概念、选绝对化表述 书面表达（校园应用文） 三段式+连接词+单元高分句型+时态统一 高频话题：自我介绍、社团自荐、新生建议信；统一一般现在时；套用It is+adj.+for sb to do、look forward to、as long as等句型；分段清晰、句式长短结合、无拼写搭配错误。 时态混乱、to后误用原形、短语搭配错误、句式单一、拼写错误、卷面涂改多 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1．As the ball ________________ (滚动) down the hill，the children chased after it，laughing and shouting with excitement until it finally stopped at the bottom. 2．She had a hard time ________________ (咽下) the bitter medicine，but she knew it was necessary to help her recover quickly. 3．Take a deep breath，________________(平静) down，and always remember：think first，speak later. 4．I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my ________________(努力) or even lose patience with me.After all，I did care about how others would think of me. 5．And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local culture and ________________(风俗) first‑hand. 6．They were surprised to see that all the signs and advertisements were in French and many people spoke English with an ________________(口音)． 7．Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it ________________(主办) hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017. 8．The man was Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，and he was there in ________________(纪念) of the soldiers who had died. 9．The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space ________________(航行) would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. 10．She carefully stepped over the fallen ________________ (树枝) as she hiked along the trail，making sure not to trip. 11．Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were ________________(清扫) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 12．To the public，he was seen as a ________________(稍微) odd‑looking but kind and funny man. 13．He ________________ (低声说) best wishes in her ear as the fireworks exploded. 14．My father smiled weakly and we drove on as my mother and I ________________(挥手) from the car window. 15．When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our ________________(泪水)． 【题型二】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute ________________ (tradition) farms and the surrounding environment. 2．The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system ________________ (original) used to develop habits important for self‑care. 3．Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is ________________ (bring) to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. 4．His ________________ (behave) towards her was becoming more and more aggressive. 5．Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they ________________ (occasion) make salads for their entire schools. 6．After ________________ (graduate), she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. 7．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and ________________ (joy) conversations. 8．The straw man looked so ________________ (scare) in the field that all the birds were scared away. 9．The old man retired last year and his ________________ (retire) has brought him lots of free time. 10．________________ (congratulation) on your being admitted to your dream university! 【题型三】完成句子 1．希望学生提高自律性，家长加强引导，提高学生的在线学习效率。 It is hoped that students can improve their self‑discipline and parents can strengthen their guidance ________________ improve students' online learning efficiency．(表达愿望) 2．大卫非常沮丧，一句话也没说，只是坐在路边叹气。 David was so frustrated that he didn't speak a word，________________ on the roadside and sighing．(情景描写) 3．I didn't realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness until I experienced the event. →_____________________________________ I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 必修第一册 Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点01 重点词类 1．※dragon n. 龙 2．barbecue n. 烧烤野餐 3．lantern n. 灯笼，提灯 4．turkey n. 火鸡 5．monster n. 怪兽，怪物 6．※flight n. 航班 7．wine n. 葡萄酒 8．accent n. 口音 9．hotpot n. 火锅 10．firecracker n. 鞭炮，爆竹 11．※buzz vi. 闹哄哄，喧闹 12．beer n. 啤酒 13．※studio n. 录音室 14．jeans n. 牛仔裤 15．stocking n. 长筒袜 16．※envelope n. 信封 17．lap n. 大腿部 18．ballet n. 芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演 19．downstairs adv. 往楼下，在楼下 知识点02 高频短语 1．put up 张贴 2．as far as 就……而言 3．make an effort 尽力 4．pass away 去世 5．no longer 不再 6．sweep away the dirt of the past year 清除过去一年的积尘 7．scare away the monster Nian 吓跑年兽 8．make an effort to help me 尽力帮助我 9．sing it over and over again 一遍又一遍地唱 10．catch her eye through the window 透过窗户吸引她的目光 知识点03 重点句型 1．人们相信“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会到来。(It is＋过去分词＋that从句) It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives. 2．每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。(the moment引导时间状语从句) Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family. 3．随着我年龄的增长，回家和全家人待在一起则成了(春节)最重要的一部分。(as引导时间状语从句) As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. 4．大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。(so…that…) David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallow. 5．当我思考是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，进入脑海的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。(强调句型) When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind. 知识点04 重点语法 名词短语（NP）：名词 + 修饰成分 例：the traditional spring celebration 传统的春日庆典 形容词短语（AdjP）：形容词 + 修饰成分 例：really proud of our culture 对我们的文化十分自豪 副词短语（AdvP）：副词 + 修饰成分 例：quite happily 十分开心地 介词短语（PP）：介词 + 介词宾语 例：during the festival 在节日期间 动词短语（VP）：实义动词连同附属成分 例：take part in the parade 参加游行 动词ing 作定语：修饰名词，表主动 / 进行 例：the burning candles 燃烧的蜡烛 动词ing 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语性质 例：The festival is surprising. 这个节日令人感到新奇。 动词ing 作宾语：放在动词后充当宾语 例：I enjoy gathering with my family. 我喜欢和家人团聚。 动词ed 作定语：动词ed 修饰名词，表被动 / 完成 例：the decorated houses 被装饰过的房屋 动词ed 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语感受 例：We were excited about the big party. 我们对这场盛大的聚会感到很兴奋。 to do 作定语：不定式后置修饰名词 例：a chance to experience local customs 一次体验当地习俗的机会 to do 作目的状语：表动作目的 例：We prepare special food to honour our ancestors. 我们准备特色食物来缅怀祖先。 it 作形式宾语结构：find/think + it + adj. + to do it 为形式宾语，真正宾语为后面 to do 不定式 例：I find it meaningful to celebrate traditional festivals. 我发现庆祝传统节日很有意义。 定语从句（限制性） that /which 修饰事物，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the custom that we keep 我们保留的习俗 who 修饰人，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the elders who tell old stories 讲古老故事的长辈们 what 引导名词性从句 what 在从句充当主 / 宾，表 “…… 的事物” 例：What I love most is the family reunion. 我最喜欢的就是家人团聚。 when 引导时间状语从句：when 引导从句表时间 例：We set off fireworks when the new year comes. 新年到来时我们燃放烟花。 as long as 引导条件状语从句：as long as 表条件，“只要” 例：You will feel warm as long as you stay with your family. 只要和家人待在一起，你就会感到温暖。 so…that… 引导结果状语从句：如此…… 以至于 例：The party was so wonderful that nobody wanted to leave. 这场聚会太精彩了，没人想离开。 There be 句型：表存在，“某地有某物” 例：There are all kinds of activities during the celebration. 庆典期间有各种各样的活动。 What if… 句型：用于假设疑问，“倘若…… 会怎样” 例：What if we cannot get together for the festival? 倘若节日我们不能团聚该怎么办？ 被动语态（一般现在 / 一般过去被动）（本单元重点，节日风俗大量使用被动） 结构：be + done 例：The rooms are decorated with flowers. 房间被鲜花装饰。 例：The old tradition was passed down years ago. 这项古老传统多年前就被传承下来。 before 引导时间状语从句 在…… 之前 例：We must make preparations before the festival arrives. 在节日到来之前我们必须做好准备。 考点01 词类转换 （派生词）— 最高频 1．occasion n. 重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→occasional adj. 偶尔的，临时的→occasionally adv. 有时，偶尔，间或 2．graduation n. 毕业→graduate v. 毕业 n. 毕业生 3．congratulation n. 恭喜，祝贺→congratulate vt. 祝贺 4．decorate vi. & vt. 装饰，布置，美化→decoration n. 装饰物；装饰品 5．tradition n. 传统→traditional adj. 传统的→traditionally adv. 传统地 6．account n. 描述，报道→accountant n. 会计 7．expectant adj. 期待的，期望的→expect v. 期待；预料→expectation n. 期待；预料 8．scare vt. 吓唬；使(某人)惊恐→scared adj. 害怕的→scary adj. 可怕的 9．surround vt. 环绕，围绕→surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 周围环境 10．retired adj. 退休的→retire vi. & vt. 退休→retirement n. 退休 11．joy n. 欢欣，愉快，喜悦→joyful adj. 高兴的→joyfully adv. 高兴地，喜悦地 12．original adj. 原先的，最早的，最初的→originally adv. 起初→origin n. 起源；由来→originate v. 起源；创立→originality n. 独创性，创意 13．greet vt. 问候，欢迎；打招呼→greeting n. 问候 14．suit n. 套装→suitable adj. 合适的 15．represent vt. 代表→representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表→representation n. 代表 16．patience n. 耐心；耐力→impatience n. 不耐烦→patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→impatient adj. 不耐烦的→patiently adv. 耐心地 17．behaviour n. 行为，举止→behave vi. 表现 18．description n. 描述，描写→describe vt. 描述，描写 19．summarise vi.& vt.总结，概括→summary n．总结；摘要；概要 考点02 介词填空 — 必考 1.be fond of 喜爱…… 2.be thankful for 对…… 心存感激 3.be occupied with 忙于…… 4.be popular with 受…… 欢迎 5.be rich in 富含；富有…… 6.be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意 7.be anxious for 渴望…… 8.be famous for 因…… 而出名 9.be familiar to 为…… 所熟悉 10.be excited about 对…… 感到兴奋 考点03 "to 后接 doing" 陷阱 — 高频易错 ✅to 为介词 + doing 1.look forward to celebrating festivals 期待庆祝节日 2.be used to gathering with family 习惯家人团聚 3.stick to keeping old traditions 坚持恪守古老传统 4.pay attention to preparing festival gifts 注意准备节日礼物 5.be addicted to enjoying festive activities 沉迷享受节日活动 ✅to 为不定式符号 + do 1.hope to experience local customs 希望体验本土习俗 2.want to honour ancestors 想要缅怀祖先 3.decide to hold a big celebration 决定举办盛大庆典 4.plan to prepare traditional food 计划准备传统美食 5.choose to set off fireworks 选择燃放烟花 考点04 ed /ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 1.delighted（人感到高兴的）/delightful（事物令人愉快的） 2.astonished（人感到震惊的）/astonishing（事物令人震惊的） 3.fascinated（人着迷的）/fascinating（事物令人着迷的） 4.amused（人感到开心的）/amusing（事物有趣逗乐的） 5.moved（人受感动的）/moving（事物令人感动的） 6.puzzled（人感到迷惑的）/puzzling（事物令人费解的） 序号 易混短语 释义 用法场景 例句 1 Join join in take part in sign up for 加入参与参加报名参加 join：加入俱乐部、组织、人群，成为成员join in：参与正在进行的活动（讨论、游戏）take part in：参加大型正式活动，并发挥作用sign up for：预先报名课程、社团，侧重报名动作 He joined the debate club.Come and join in our discussion.We took part in the school sports meeting.I plan to sign up for the art club. 2 be anxious about be curious about 为…… 担心对…… 好奇 be anxious about：负面情绪，担忧、焦虑be curious about：中性，对未知事物抱有好奇心 I’m anxious about my new school life.Teenagers are curious about new things. 3 look forward to doing expect to do 期待做某事期待做某事 look forward to：to 是介词，后接 doing，作文高频expect to do：to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形 I look forward to meeting my new teacher.I expect to balance study and hobbies. 4 be used to doing used to do be used to do 习惯于做…过去常常做…被用来做… be used to doing：to 介词，表现在习惯used to do：过去常做，现在不再做be used to do：被动语态，某物被用来做某事 She is used to taking notes in class.I used to feel nervous at first.Books are used to gain knowledge. 5 make the most of take advantage of 充分利用利用；占便宜 make the most of：褒义，珍惜时间、机会take advantage of：中性（利用机会）；贬义（占人便宜） Make the most of your teenage time.Don’t take advantage of others’ kindness. 6 deal with cope with 处理，应对艰难应对 deal with：通用，处理问题事务，常搭配 how cope with：侧重克服压力、繁重困难 How do you deal with stress?It is tough to cope with heavy schoolwork. 7 focus on concentrate on 聚焦于集中注意力于 focus on：把目光、目标聚焦，适用范围广concentrate on：排除外界干扰，专心投入 Focus on your goals.Concentrate on your lessons in class. 8 stick to doing keep on doing 坚持做…持续反复做… stick to：to 介词，坚持计划、信念、原则keep on：反复持续做，强调动作不间断 Stick to practising and you will improve.Keep on trying when facing challenges. 9 prepare forget ready for 为…… 做准备做好…… 准备 prepare for：准备的过程，动作阶段get ready for：准备完毕，强调就绪状态 I’m preparing for the exam.We get ready for the club activity. 10 keep in touch with get in touch with 与…… 保持联系与…… 取得联系 keep in touch with：长期维持联络get in touch with：初次建立联系 I keep in touch with my old friends.Get in touch with me if you meet trouble. 序号 易混句式 含义 用法场景 例句 1 It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth. It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……某人做某事，真是…… for：形容词描述事情本身（difficult, important, easy, necessary）of：形容词描述人的品质（responsible, kind, clever） It is hard for freshmen to adapt to new school life.It is responsible of you to finish the task on time. 2 find it +adj. +to do sth. find + 宾语 +adj. 发现做某事……（it 形式宾语）发现某物 / 某人处于某种状态 find it+adj.+to do：真正宾语是后面不定式，避免头重脚轻find + 宾语 + adj：形容词直接作宾语补足语 I find it difficult to balance study and hobbies.I found the new class lively and interesting. 3 so…that…such…that… 如此…… 以至于……（结果状语）如此…… 以至于……（结果状语） so + 形容词 / 副词 +thatsuch +(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 +that I was so busy that I had no free time.It was such a challenging course that I spent much time on it. 4 too…to… so…that…not… 太…… 而不能……如此…… 以至于不能…… too…to：简单句结构，本身含否定含义so…that…not：复合句，从句内加否定词 He is too tired to focus his attention.He was so tired that he could not focus his attention. 5 What if…? How about…? 倘若…… 该怎么办？…… 怎么样？ What if：假设、担忧，引出假想的坏情况How about：提出建议，询问意见 What if no one talks to me?How about signing up for the debate club? 6 be doing sth. when… when + 一般过去时 正在做某事，这时突然……当…… 的时候（时间状语） be doing sth. when：when 表示突然发生意外动作，when 译为 “这时”when：单纯描述时间，主从句动作先后 / 同时发生 I was preparing my lessons when the bell rang. I felt nervous when I arrived at the new school. 7 as long as so long as 只要（条件状语从句）只要（条件状语从句） as long as：书面正式，写作首选so long as：口语化，也可表 “和…… 一样长” You will make progress as long as you stick to your plan.You can join the club so long as you are interested. 8 There is no need (for sb.)to do sth. It is no use doing sth. （某人）没必要做某事做某事没用 There is no need to do：不定式，不必做It is no use doing：动名词，做…… 毫无用处 There is no need for you to be anxious.It is no use worrying all the time. 9 would rather do A than do B prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B比起 B 更喜欢 A would rather 后接动词原形prefer…to… 中 to 是介词，后接 doing I would rather take notes than copy others’ homework.I prefer reading books to playing games. 10 not only…but also … both…and… 不仅…… 而且………… 和…… 两者都 not only…but also…：就近原则，强调后者both…and…：谓语动词永远用复数 Not only my classmates but also my teacher likes the activity.Both my classmates and my teacher like the activity. 题型 考查内容 示例 难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 词义记忆 根据汉语 / 首字母写出 registration、stress、confident ★ 单句语法填空 词形转换、介词固定搭配、非谓语变形 I find it hard ______ (balance) study and hobbies.（to balance） ★ 完成句子 核心句型运用、短语默写 他习惯于早起：He is used to ______ (get up early).（getting up early） ★★ 选词填空 短文语境选词 + 词形变形 方框词：challenge, impress, addict, advance；填入短文并正确变形 ★★ 单项选择 易混短语、形容词辨析、to 后 doing 陷阱 辨析 join/join in/take part in/sign up for；ed/ing 形容词辨析 ★★ 句型转换 同义句式改写 It is important for us to make the most of time. ⇄ To make the most of time is important for us. ★★★ 短语翻译 单元固定短语记忆 汉译英：充分利用（make the most of）；处理，应对（deal with） ★ 词义配对 单词、短语词义连线匹配 anxious— 焦虑的；focus on— 集中注意力于；be responsible for— 对…… 负责 ★ 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发) 题型/技巧模块 一句话核心要点 详细解题策略 高频失分坑（必避） 单词拼写 先判词性，再定变形，结合句意填单元核心词 第一步：根据空格位置判断词性（名/动/形/副）；第二步：根据句式判断单复数、时态、变形；第三步：锁定Welcome Unit&Unit1高频词（anxious、confident、impression、responsibility、challenge等）精准拼写。 字母拼写遗漏、词性乱变形、名词单复数遗忘、大小写错误、派生词拼写混淆 单句语法填空（词形转换） 有词先判词性成分，无词优先填介冠连 给词：先判断作主语/宾语变名词、作定语变形容词、作状语变副词、非谓语看主被动；无词：固定搭配填介词、句子结构填连词、单数名词填冠词。重点掌握单元派生词变形。 词性混用、副词漏ly、名词单复数错误、时态语态误用、变形不彻底 单句语法填空（介词固定搭配） 单元固定搭配直接秒杀，无需过度分析句意 熟记单元成套搭配：be anxious/curious about、be responsible for、be addicted to、focus/concentrate on、suitable for，看到固定形容词/动词直接匹配对应介词。 介词张冠李戴、中式搭配、凭语感乱填、固定短语记忆残缺 to 陷阱辨析（高频易错） 介词to后接doing，不定式to后接动词原形 死记单元介词to短语：look forward to、be addicted to、be used to、stick to、pay attention to 后统一用doing；used to do、want to do 为不定式，后接原形。 惯性写动词原形、分不清介词to与不定式to、改错题型高频丢分 ed/ing形容词辨析 人用ed表感受，物用ing表属性 修饰人、人的情绪、感受用-ed（amazed、confused、stressed、annoyed）；修饰事物、任务、环境、事件用-ing（amazing、confusing、stressful、challenging）。 challenging/challenged、stressed/stressful混用、主观客观不分 易混短语辨析（参加类） join入组织、join in凑活动、take part in起作用、sign up for报名 join+社团/组织/人群；join in+正在进行的游戏/讨论；take part in+大型正式活动（运动会、比赛）；sign up for+课程、社团、培训（侧重报名动作）。 四个短语语境混用、不区分场景、完形单选高频误选 情绪短语辨析 anxious表担忧负面，curious表好奇中性 be anxious about 侧重担心结果、焦虑不安；be curious about 侧重对未知事物好奇、想要探索，语境情绪色彩完全不同。 语义混淆、语境判断失误、翻译写反语义 处理类短语辨析 日常事务deal with，压力困境cope with deal with通用处理问题、事务，常配how；cope with侧重克服压力、繁重学业、艰难困境，难度更高。 语境难度不分、随意互换、完形填空失分 利用类短语辨析 make the most of纯褒义珍惜，take advantage of可褒可贬 make the most of 珍惜时间、机会、资源（积极）；take advantage of 利用优势，也可指占便宜、利用他人（含贬义）。 感情色彩不分、写作误用贬义短语 完成句子（句型仿写） 锁定标志句型，严格套模板，不改结构 看到提示词立刻匹配句型：no matter+疑问词让步、a time when定语从句、before时间从句、find it复合结构、现在分词结果状语、What if假设句型，时态全程统一。 句型结构错乱、非谓语误用、时态混乱、to后原形错误、漏写连接词 句型转换（同义改写） 句意不变、结构替换、时态一致 熟记单元高频互换：It is...to do ↆ To do...；so...that ↆ too...to；prefer doing to doing ↆ would rather do than do，保证句式规范无语法错误。 句式改写不完整、主谓不一致、介词误用、语义跑偏 选词填空（语境变形） 先定词义适配语境，再做正确词形变形 第一步通读短文把握主旨；第二步匹配方框词汇语义；第三步根据句子成分变形（名词单复数、形容词副词、非谓语），优先单元高频词。 只选词不变形、变形错误、语境语义匹配错误、忽略时态 短语翻译（汉译英） 精准默写固定搭配，介词不丢、结构完整 严格默写单元原版短语，重点记忆介词搭配、to后结构、固定形容词搭配，不自创中式短语。 漏写介词、短语残缺、单词拼写错误、中式翻译 单项选择（易混辨析） 先排错、再辨析场景、最后锁定最优项 优先排除语法错误选项（to do/doing错误、ed/ing混用、介词错误），再结合语境场景区分易混短语、形近词、句式差异。 凭语感做题、不区分场景、形近词混淆、陷阱题误判 阅读理解（单元话题） 题干定位+原文同义替换，拒绝主观臆断 圈题干关键词，回原文精准定位；正确答案多为原文同义改写；绝对化选项大概率错误，侧重校园生活、青少年成长、习惯培养话题。 主观脑补、定位偏差、偷换概念、选绝对化表述 书面表达（校园应用文） 三段式+连接词+单元高分句型+时态统一 高频话题：自我介绍、社团自荐、新生建议信；统一一般现在时；套用It is+adj.+for sb to do、look forward to、as long as等句型；分段清晰、句式长短结合、无拼写搭配错误。 时态混乱、to后误用原形、短语搭配错误、句式单一、拼写错误、卷面涂改多 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1．As the ball 　rolled　 (滚动) down the hill，the children chased after it，laughing and shouting with excitement until it finally stopped at the bottom. 2．She had a hard time 　swallowing　 (咽下) the bitter medicine，but she knew it was necessary to help her recover quickly. 3．Take a deep breath，　calm　(平静) down，and always remember：think first，speak later.(外研必修三U1) 4．(2025·全国二卷)I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my 　efforts　(努力) or even lose patience with me.After all，I did care about how others would think of me. 5．And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local culture and 　customs　(风俗) first­hand.(人教必修二U4) 6．They were surprised to see that all the signs and advertisements were in French and many people spoke English with an 　accent　(口音)．(人教选修二U4) 7．Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it 　hosted　(主办) hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.(外研选修四U3) 8．The man was Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，and he was there in 　memory　(纪念) of the soldiers who had died.(外研选修二U4) 9．The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space 　flight　(航行) would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.(外研选修四U6) 10．She carefully stepped over the fallen 　branches　 (树枝) as she hiked along the trail，making sure not to trip. 11．Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were 　swept　(清扫) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.(人教必修一U4) 12．To the public，he was seen as a 　slightly　(稍微) odd­looking but kind and funny man.(人教选修一U1) 13．He 　whispered　 (低声说) best wishes in her ear as the fireworks exploded. 14．My father smiled weakly and we drove on as my mother and I 　waved　(挥手) from the car window.(译林选修三U1) 15．When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our 　tears　(泪水)．(人教选修三U4) 【题型二】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional (tradition)farms and the surrounding environment. 2．(2024·北京卷)The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally (original)used to develop habits important for self－care. 3．(2024·全国甲卷)Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought (bring) to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. 4．His behaviour (behave) towards her was becoming more and more aggressive. 5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally (occasion) make salads for their entire schools. 6．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)After graduation (graduate), she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. 7．(2020·天津卷)Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and joyful (joy)conversations. 8．The straw man looked so scary (scare) in the field that all the birds were scared away. 9．The old man retired last year and his retirement (retire) has brought him lots of free time. 10．Congratulations (congratulation) on your being admitted to your dream university! 【题型三】完成句子 1．希望学生提高自律性，家长加强引导，提高学生的在线学习效率。 It is hoped that students can improve their self－discipline and parents can strengthen their guidance to improve students' online learning efficiency．(表达愿望) 2．大卫非常沮丧，一句话也没说，只是坐在路边叹气。 David was so frustrated that he didn't speak a word，only sitting on the roadside and sighing．(情景描写) 3．I didn't realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness until I experienced the event. →It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt people's loneliness.(用“强调句”升级句式) 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $