广东省惠州市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

惠州市2024-2025学年第二学期高一期末考试 英语 本卷共8页 考试时间：120分钟 满分：130分 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上 2.回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上， 写在试卷上无效 第一部分阅读共两节，满分60分) 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kindergarten Teaching Volunteer Program in Sri Lanka Are you seeking influential volunteering opportunities?Join our year-round Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka and change young lives as a volunteer teacher.Make a differenee in Galle,where you'll help children build necessary skills while engaging yourself in the amazing culture and impressive natural beauty of Sri Lanka. Reasons for your participation(参与)： Many students want to learn languages like English,but they often struggle because resources are limited and costs are high.By joining our Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka,you'll use your teaching expertise to create new opportunities for language learning.Your efforts will touch the hearts of Sri Lankan children and make language teaching more accessible and affordable. Details: Volunteer Tasks:Assisting with lesson planning;Providing classroom support;Teaching basic skills;Arranging extracurricular activities;Sharing your expertise. Types:Both a solo volunteer and part of a team are welcome. Working Time:From Monday to Friday. Steps to join: Select a program Complete your online application. Get ready for departure((离开). Arrive in Sri Lanka as a volunteer. Discover and enjoy the wonders. Heartwarming tips: Sri Lanka is a very safe country,where the warm hospitality()and amazing culture make you feel right at home.We are devoted to assisting you and ensuring your safety at every step of your journey. We cover daily expenses to place and house volunteers effectively,including placement services.administrative support,and the ongoing support of our projects across Sri Lanka. 21.What's the purpose of Kindergarten teaching volunteer program in Sri Lanka? A.To introduce Sri Lankan culture to volunteers. B.To help with the language teaching in Sri Lanka. C To improve teaching skills of volunteer teachers. D.To provide living supplies to the Sri Lankan children. 第1页共8页 22.What can we learn about the volunteer program? A.Volunteers are required to work on weekends. B.Group volunteers are preferred in application. C.Volunteers should complete their application after arrival. D.Volunteers should provide wide-ranging educational support. 23.What does the program provide to the volunteers? A.Free flight to Sri Lanka. B.Awards for language teaching. C.Safety support and daily expenses. D.Promised job offers after volunteering. 白 On the morning of April 20th,I woke up in a panic()thinking it was 6 am,but in reality,it was still 3 am.I had a vivid dream where I had overslept.This kind of dream often occurred before important events.Even though I knew I was well-prepared,I couldn't shake off the worry.After a restless sleep filled with more anxious dreams,my alarm finatly went off. I met my friend Jenny and we took an Uber to the race site.The first half marathon was unknown to us.The race began,and we navigated()through a lush forest.We celebrated each mile,but after some tough uphill sections,I began to worry about making it through.As we approached the halfway point,we were cheered on by other runners,which encouraged us further.The downhill journey back was amazing,and we cruised through the second half, deciding to hold hands and cross the finish line together.To our surprise,we won our age and gender group! After the race,we were overjoyed but faced a minor problem-no cellphone service to call an Uber back.Luckily,we met Lisa,Amy,and Robin,fellow runners who offered us a ride. During the car ride,we shared stories about running and life.They inspired me with their passion for running and traveling the world.I loved how running was a universal language that connected people with shared goals of being outdoors and meeting new people.Their attitudes showed me that adulthood could be full ot surprises and joy. The half marathon has taught me that the best experiences do not come from the familiar and safe.I've realized that I'll be able to overcome many other unknown challenges of adulthood.I don't know what they are yet,but my new friends have shown me that adulthood has many beautiful surprises waiting.I can't wait to see what the next 13.1 miles of life will bring. 24.What can we know about the author from the first paragraph? A.Her short sleeping time made her panic. B.She often failed to make full preparations. C.Her alarm clock had a problem now and then. D.She often worried about approaching oecasions. 25.What does the underlined word"cruised"in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Raced effortlessly. B.Moved passively. C.Struggled painfully. D.Walked aimlessly. 26.Which of the following can best describe the car ride? A.Silent and embarrassing. B.Inspiring and connecting. C.Impressive but unbearable D.Smooth but uncomfortable. 27.What does the author's experience show? A.Welcome the unknown. B.Better late than never. C.Practice makes perfect. D.Every coin has two sides. 第2页共8页 C When you remember a chocolate bar in a desk drawer,your brain might not just be recalling it-it could be actively pushing you to seek it out.A recent study of Monell Chemical Senses Center suggests that specific neurons()in the brain record the sensory and emotional details of energy-rich food.In mice,these neurons set off desire,leading to overeating-even when the animals weren't hungry.Though the research was conducted in animals,it supports that memories of fat and sugar can quietly shape our eating behavior-often without our awareness. In early human history,when energy was rare,we learned to use sensory signals-smell, sight,and location to identify energy-rich foods.After eating,the brain stores that information along with how the food made us feel.That influence dopamine()release in the brain's reward pathways and the brain then updates the value of a food based on this information.When you meet the flavor(again,the memory activates,stirring up a desire. Memories of fat and sugar are stored via separate reward pathways,both leading to dopamine.Foods that combine fat and sugar can activate both pathways.In today's world,the energy-rich foods that contain this powerful combination are everywhere and easily accessible, flooding our brain's natural decision-making systems and making it harder to choose healthier options. The good news is that the brain is adaptable.Just as it learns to desire certain foods,it can also learn new responses,says Amy Egbert,an assistant professor of psychological sciences.The first step is to identify the cause of the desire.Is it based on hunger,emotion,or sometning else? Once you identify the cause,you can begin to break the strong desire cycle. Medicines like GLP-I also show promise in weakening the brain's reward signals after eating.However,it's worth noting that while these medicines may be able to manage physical desire for food in the short term,they don't fix the root cause of overeating.While researchers are still exploring exactly how these medicines work,the best bet is to focus on how and why we eat and deal with that together with medicines. 28.What did the Monell study find according to paragraph 1? A.We easily remember food coritaining chocolate. B.Our characters are controlled by certain neurons. C.Certain neurons record the shapes of high-energy food. D.Certain neurons stir up eagerness for high-energy food. 29.How does memory of energy-rich foods affect our desire to eat them? A.By storing personal intormation. B.By producing the original flavor. C.By influencing dopamine release. D.By providing some sensory signals. 30.Why are energy-rich foods the easier choices for people? A.They benefit decision making. B.They activate two reward pathways. C.They contain chemicals necessary for brain. D.They provide quick energy for daily activities. 31.What is the recommended solution to overeating? A.Keeping away from snacks. B.Relying on medicines before meals C.Finding the cause of the eager cycle D.Combining mindset change with medicines. 第3页共8页 D When a friend faces difficulties or feels defeated(),we naturally offer understanding and encouragement.We provide emotional support without hesitation during their challenging moments.However,when we tace similar struggles ourselves,that same voice often disappears, replaced by hard self-criticism()and judgment. This phenomenon is surprisingly oommon,yet it seriously affect our ability to handle life's unavoidable challenges effectively.The inner conversations we have during defeats often include language we would never use when speaking to someone we care about.We tell ourselves we're failures,that we should have known better,or that we're simply not capable enough. Research shows that practicing self-compassion(自我同情)provides significant mental benefits.Studies indicate that people who have higher levels of self-compassion show greater resilience(when facing stressful situations and recover more effectively from defeats.Dr. Kristin Nef who has studied self-compassion for over twenty years,points out an important difference in how we understand our mistakes."We can say,'I made a mistake,'instead of saying,'I am a mistake,""she explains. Self-compassion is a healthier choice than traditional self-respect because it does not depend on good self-judgment or comparing with others.Instead,it focuses on treating ourselves with the same kindness and understanding we would naturally show to a good friend facing similar situations.This approach recognizes that making mistakes and experiencing failure are normal human experiences rather than personal character weaknesses. By developing self-compassion,we create opportunities for real learning and growth instead of getting trapped in cycles of self-blame and bad thoughts.This mental change enables us to respond to challenges with better emotional balance and practical problem-solving skills. Finally,self-compassion leads to improved outcomes and better mental health.It provides a stronger and more lasting base for dealing with life's difficulties than hard self-criticism ever can. 32.What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A.People are likely to help friends more than strangers. B.People tend to be tougher on themselves than on others. C.Friends'encouragement often fails to reduce self-doubt. D.Self-criticism is an effective way to overcome challenges. 33.What can practicing selt-compassion bring about? A.More dependence on others.. B.Less mistakes in big decisions. C.Deeper inner strength against setbacks. D.Greater pressure in the face of defeats 34.What can be inferred about self-compassion? A.It encourages competition with others. B.It aims to challenge one's weaknesses. C.It centers on kindness to oneself as friends. D.It provides chances to form a healthy cycle. 35.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Stop Being Hard on Yourself B.Treat Others with More Kindness C.Help Others Find Their Strengths D.Focus on Your Mistakes and Learn 第4页共8页 第二节（共5小题：每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Woodworking,sewing,or sculpting cupcakes-any form of art benefits your mind and body.Girija Kaimal,an art therapy expert,says creating art eases stress,lifts mood,and activates the brain's reward system.Here's how to start your art-making habit. Embrace your artistic side.Many think only talented artists can create,but Kaimal's research shows otherwise.36 So,let go of self-doubt,pick up a brush or craft tool,and express yourself without worrying about perfection. Explore various art forms.Art isn't just painting-it includes cooking,knitting,crafting, and more.Begin with what you love,like a childhood hobby,or try something new.37 Instead,switch between drawing,baking,or DIY projects based on your mood.Variety keeps the creative process exciting. 38 The real joy of art lies in creating,not in making a masterpiece.Kaimal emphasizes that the act of making art relieves stress,even if you're unhappy with the outcome. 39 So,relax,have fun,let your creativity flow and immerse yourself in the experience. Make art a daily routine.Treat art like exercise or study-set aside time for it.40 Create a dedicated art comer at home with your supplies.Whether it's a table corner or a basket, this space will remind you to keep creating.As art becomes part of your life,you'll feel more relaxed,fulfilled,and connected to your creative side. A.Don't stick to one activity. B.Focus on the outcome of art-making. C.Value the process instead of the result. D.What upsets you is the mood you are in. E.Even 10 minutes a day can make a difference. F.Everyone,regardless of skill level,can be an artist. G.Letting go of expectations frees you to explore new ideas. 第二部分语言运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Back in my freshman year of college,I was always so busy.I 41 to keep a regular eating schedule due to a demanding workload and social events.Making 42 to eat was the last of my concerns.What this meant was I'd often go from momnings to evenings on a(n)43 第5页共8页 stomach,and it wasn't until masses of people headed to the campus eateries around dinner time did I 44 I hadn't eaten all day. On one of these occasions in which I couldn't 45 the poor food options(on campus,I walked off to a local food store.There,I packed a box of delicious chicken and 46 skipped to the cash register.As I went to swipe()my card,an 47 came up showing the system couldn't process it.When I looked down,it hit me that I was swiping my college ID card instead of a real credit card with no other forms of 48 on me. At this point,a gentleman behind me stepped forward.Without a second49,he offered to pay for my meal and 50 me to eat up.Feeimng embarrassed,I tried to turn down his offer,but he 51.I thanked him profusely.His only words were that he52 I would pay it forward one day. Sitting down to eat the meal afterwards,I was still in awe of a complete stranger's random act of 53.The stranger showed me that what's worth treasuring is the positive 54 we have on others.To this day,I remember the gentleman's actions,eager to 55 when others are in need. 41.A.promised B.struggled C.managed D.started 42. A.time B.space C.money D.effort 43.A.full B.nervous C.enormous D.empty 44.A.regret B.realize C.confirm D.believe 45.A.afford B.describe C.take D.reject 46.A.happily B.slowly C.seriously D.awkwardly 47.A.idea B.order C.error D.image 48.A.access B.identification C.payment D.communication 49.A.thought B.complaint C.doubt D.excuse 50.A.instructed B.persuaded C.reminded D.encouraged 51.A.agreed B.insisted C.left D.laughed 52.A.promised B.hoped C.admitted D.discovered 53.A.kindness B.patience C.bravery D.determination 54.A.focus B.edge C.impression D.impact 55.A.move on B.step in C.help out D.get back 第6页共8页 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Cuili was regarded as kind of a "weirdo"when she decided to open a library at her convenience store providing books for villagers to read 56 free in 2008. While others were busy making a living,Li,a farmer who owned a store in her village, 57 (think)bigger.That year,she watched a 58 (perform)at her village with her son.To her surprise,the show was poor and unsuitable for children.59(feel)anxious that children would grow up in such an environment,she wanted to improve the 6o(culture) atmosphere in the village through the power of books At the very beginning,no villager came forward 61 (borrow)her book.Li decided to attract children first by offering sugar to those who came to read.In this way,more and more children 62 (attract)to the library.Surprised to discover children behaved much better than before,parents began to speak 63 (high)of Li's efforts and offer support. What began as a mother's worry now allows reading to thrive in her hometown.Her Weiguang Library,64 started with only 200 books,has grown into a reading center housing 5,000-6,000 books.She named it Weiguang because she believes no matter how faint 65 light is,it has the power to keep the fire burning. 第三节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 66.Listening to music is (benefit)to students because it helps them relax and focus better. 67.The moon landing in 1969 marked a historic (achieve)for mankind. 68.His tireless efforts finally brought him great (satisfy). 69.The team worked overtime, (determine)to solve the AI challenges. 70.Cheating is (harm)to one's honesty and character. 71.The scholar made a significant (contribute)to restoring ancient documents. 第四节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 72.It is diffieult for the wildlife (adapt)to the climate change. 73.She (inspire)by the online speech and began to volunteer at the community center every weekend. 74.The classic play (perform)in over 30 countries so far. 75.The kids excitedly prepared for the Spring Festival, (decorate)the house with lanterns. 第7页共8页 76.Dr.Lin Qiaozhi showed great kindness by (admit)many poor patients for free in her hospital. 77.The old castle, (surround)by ancient walls,has stood for over a thousand years. 78.He was fed up with food (lack)local characteristics and all tasting the same. 第五节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的单词，在空白处填入该单词的正确形式。 make progress figure out be aware of in spie of as a result in addition to keep sb.company bring about 79.She (意识到)plastic waste and started using cloth bags. 80.Chinese research teams (how to reduce high-speed rail noise in 2023. 81.Space exploration helps us learn about the universe,and (结果)，we gain new knowledge about our own planet. 82.Our AI club (取得进步)in designing smart tools in the past month, 83. (除之外)singing,he also plays the guitar during school performances. 84.My friend Lin always (陪伴我)when I feel lonely. 85. (the bad weather,many people still attended the festival and enjoyed the celebrations. 第三部分写作（满分20分） 你校英文报正在开展“讲述生活中的诚信故事”主题征文活动，请你用英文写一篇短 文投稿，内容包括： 1.描述一次真实的经历： 2.分享你的感悟。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100词左右： 2.标题和首句已给出，不计入总词数： 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Honesty around Us An honest moment taught me a lifelong lesson. 第8页共8页