精品解析：2025届福建省福州市闽侯县第一中学高三下学期一模英语试题

闽侯一中2025届高三第一次模拟考 英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑，非选择题用黑色中性笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. How soon will the woman’s bus come? A. In about 10 minutes. B. In about 15 minutes. C. In about 20 minutes. 2. What will Tony take his friend to do? A. Go to the gym. B. Make a city tour. C. Play baseball. 3. Who is the man? A. A driver. B. A passenger. C. A policeman. 4. What might the woman do next? A. Ask Andrew for help. B. Buy a new computer. C. Meet a client. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In an office. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. An interview. B. A candidate. C. A project. 7. Who is suitable for the job? A. One who can lead a team. B. One who is good at English. C. One who has completed training. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did the man mainly discuss with his teacher? A. His test results. B. His illness. C. His mood. 9. Why did the teacher apologize to the man? A. She gave him little support. B. She didn’t remind him of the test. C. She forgot about his absence from class. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man think of the climbing trip? A. Dangerous. B. Manageable. C. Cheap. 11. What does the woman remind the man to do? A. Spend less on hobbies. B. Build up his confidence. C. Ensure his safety at all times. 12. What does the man learn from climbing? A. Planning in advance. B. Knowing your weaknesses. C. Staying focused. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was left at the man’s office? A. A toolkit. B. A treatment table. C. A computer. 14. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Sunday. 15. What will the man do next? A. Talk to Rob’s manager. B. Wait for a call. C. Meet Rob. 16. How does Rob feel now? A. Surprised. B. Relieved. C. Depressed. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did people in ancient Iraq predict the weather? A. By observing clouds. B. By studying animal behaviors. C. By feeling the dampness of the air. 18. When did the first thermometer appear? A. In the mid 1400s. B. In the late 1500s. C. In the early 1900s. 19. What did the Norwegian scientist do? A. He increased the calculating speed. B. He thought about creating a computer. C. He used mathematical calculations. 20. Why were balloons used to predict the weather? A. They cost much less. B They could fly high enough. C. They were easier to operate. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A National Parks You Should Never Miss Since the U. S. National Park Service (NPS) started keeping records in 1904, its mountain landscapes, seaside wildernesses, and high desert acres have registered more than 16 billion visits. Some of the best-known parks experienced record crowds in 2024. The following national parks are decent travelling and visiting destinations, but they offer just a glimpse of the variety to be found in the 429 park units of the NPS. Joshua Tree National Park Drawn by outsized rock formations and distinctive yucca brevifolia plants, 3,270,404 travelers entered Joshua Tree National Park in 2024. It offers hiking, rock-climbing, and star-gazing in the Sonora and Mojave deserts east of Los Angeles, California. Grand Teton National Park The peaks of the Teton Range, solemn and imposing, tower nearly 7,000 feet over the Wyoming valley floor, making them some of the boldest geological statements in the Rockies. Grand Teton National Park’s jewel-like lakes, blue and white glaciers, and naked granite (花岗岩) summits received 3,417,106 visitors in 2024. Yosemite National Park Nearly 4 million visitors came to this national geopark of granite cliffs and towering waterfalls in 2024. Most spent time in Yosemite Valley, a mile-wide, seven-mile-long canyon that was cut by a river and then widened and deepened by glacial action. Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park — the world’s first national park — was visited by more than 4. 5 million people in 2024. The vast reserve — covering 2. 2 million acres in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana — has craggy (陡峭的) peaks, explosive geysers, alpine lakes, deep forests, and a wealth of wild animals. The stars are bison, bears, sheep, moose, and wolves. Hike with us: National Geographic’s Trails Illustrated maps highlight the best places for hiking, camping, boating, paddling, and wildlife viewing. Click here for route maps of National Parks. 1. Which of the following attracts the most travelers in 2024? A. Yosemite National Park. B. Yellowstone National Park. C. Grand Teton National Park. D. Joshua Tree National Park. 2. What do Grand Teton National Park and Yosemite National Park have in common? A. Both have steep granite cliffs. B. Both feature jewel-like alpine lakes. C. Both offer scenery of mountains and waters. D. Both are visited by more than 4 million travelers. 3. Which website can you probably find this passage? A. www. nationalgeographic. com/travel B. www. nationalgeographic. com/history C. www. nationalgeographic. com/story D. www. nationalgeographic. com/sports B On a summer trip to Maharashtra, India, Aryaman Khandelwal saw a little boy, no more than ten years old, carrying a bag of corn twice his size. “They had to work so hard to make do,” Khandelwal said, “Something needed to change. ” Then a senior at Parkland High School, Khandelwal went on to design Get2Greater over the next couple of years, an AI-driven app to improve access to healthcare services. His efforts earned him the GloriaBarron Prize, which is given to young people with significant social initiatives. The young man was passionate about improving healthcare in Maharashtra, a place that lacked qualified doctors and healthcare workers. Moreover, there were many quacks, who might quit studying after a year of medicine school and return home as “healthcare providers”. Then Khandelwal was introduced to the a MAHAN Trust, a healthcare organization serving rural parts of Maharashtra. At the time, the MAHAN Trust was training village health workers to carry out basic medical tasks, such as taking measurements and transporting data to hospitals for review. Through them, Khandelwal learned that only 10 to 15 trained workers served a population of 200,000. While the method showed results, it was time-consuming and required significant improvement to handle the large volume of cases more efficiently. That’s where Get2Greater came in — it separates the unhealthy from the healthy, so doctors can focus on more pressing cases. The app can record basic health-related data points, compile (汇编) them in order of priority and send them to doctors nearby. Khandelwal sent a tablet computer equipped with a basic software prototype (软件原型) to the MAHAN Trust and established a line of communication with healthcare workers there. “I asked them to provide feedback on the app,” he said. Khandelwal’s proposal won him funding and after numerous trials, he created a Wi-Fi component so the devices could connect to the local hospitals. He has also been in talks with the UN to help take the device to other parts of the world. 4. What does the underlined word “quacks” in paragraph 3 refer to ? A. Students who quit school. B. Doctors who are unqualified. C. Nurses who work in hospitals. D. Professionals who help in healthcare work. 5. What was the challenge faced by the MAHAN Trust? A. The difficulty in transporting data accurately. B. Village health workers’ unwillingness to be trained. C. Insufficient healthcare providers for vast communities. D. Lack of medical equipment for performing medical tasks. 6. How does the app Get2Greater function? A. By cutting healthcare costs for patients. B. By processing data for doctors’ attention. C. By automatically recording treatment process. D. By identifying the symptoms quickly and correctly. 7. Which of the following can best describe Khandelwal? A. Innovative and committed. B. Confident and modest. C Humble and determined. D. Generous and ambitious. C Are athletes nearing the limits of what’s possible? Are they struggling to break records? The hammer throw (链球), for example, hasn’t seen a new world record since 1986. Yet, athletes frequently outdo themselves in other sports, such as the 400-metre sprint. Although professional athletes often boast impressive muscles, simply increasing muscle mass does not guarantee improved athletic performance. This is partly because muscles lose efficiency as they grow. More muscle mass produces extra force, but the benefits decrease as muscle mass continues to grow and muscles will eventually approach a hard limit on what they can achieve. An athlete’s dominant muscle fibre type also significantly impacts performance. Sprinters (短跑运动员) have a high concentration of fast-twitch fibres (快肌纤维) in contrast to marathon runners, who have a high concentration of slow-twitch fibres. Fast-twitch fibres are richer in energy stores, produce more powerful movements and tire us out more quickly than the slow-twitch variety. This difference sets a speed limit on high-endurance sports like long-distance running. Muscles set a ceiling on how hard athletes can work, but performance also depends on what athletes do with their muscles. In the 1968 Olympics, Dick Fosbury used an innovative strategy for the high jump that raised the bar. Instead of soaring forward over the pole, he turned his body mid-flight. The backward jump enabled him to leap over the pole with less effort. Five years later, Dwight Stones perfected the “Fosbury Flop” and broke the high-jump world record using this method. Technological advancements in sportswear also significantly boost performance. Shoes equipped with carbon-plated insoles (碳板鞋垫) can give runners an advantage. This type of footwear limits energy loss meaning the runner has to put in less work to run faster. World Athletics allows athletes to compete with these shoes as long as the soft base is no higher than about 4 centimeters, so it’s possible this sportswear could lead to new running records. Ultimately, while muscle limitations exist, innovative techniques and advancements in sportswear continue to redefine athletic potential, suggesting that records, even seemingly unbeatable ones, may yet be defeated. 8. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By raising questions on athletes’ concerns. B. By listing different sports events directly. C. By emphasizing the efficiency of muscle mass. D. By analyzing the limits of athletic performance. 9. What can be learned about the muscle fibre types according to paragraph 3? A. Fast-twitch fibres are ideal for Marathon runners. B. Sprinters possess more fast-twitch fibres than marathon runners. C. Slow-twitch fibres are more powerful and tire us more quickly. D. The muscle fibre type only has a small impact on performance. 10. Why does the author mention the “Fosbury Flop”? A. To praise Stones’ breaking the world record. B. To reveal limitations in high-jump techniques. C. To illustrate the significance of physical peak in athletes. D. To prove the role of creative techniques in athletic performance. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Only specific sports can see new records. B. Muscle mass guarantees athletic performance. C. Muscle limitations make new records impossible. D. Records may be broken with innovation and technology. D A technology with roots going back to the Bronze Age may offer a fast and inexpensive approach to helping achieve the United Nations climate goal of net zero emissions by 2050, according to recent Stanford-led research. The technology involves fitting heat-absorbing bricks in an insulated (隔热的) container, where they can store heat generated by solar or wind power for later use in industrial processes. The heat can then be released when needed by passing air through channels in the piles of “firebricks”, thus allowing cement, steel, glass, and paper factories to run on renewable energy even when wind and sunshine are unavailable. These systems are a form of thermal energy (热能) storage. The bricks are made from the same materials as the bricks that lined primitive kilns (窑) thousands of years ago. Batteries can store electricity and provide it to generate heat on demand. “The differences between firebrick storage and battery storage are that the firebricks store heat rather than electricity and that their cost is one-tenth the cost of batteries,” said lead study author Mark Z. Jacobson, a professor at Stanford University. “The materials are basically just the components of dirt. ” The researchers adopted computer models to compare costs, land needs, health impacts, and emissions involved in two scenarios for an imagined future where 149 countries in 2050 are using renewable sources for all energy purposes. In one scenario, firebricks provide 90% of industrial process heat. In the other, there’s zero adoption of firebricks or other forms of thermal energy storage. The researchers found the scenario with firebricks could cut costs by $1.27 trillion across the 149 countries, while reducing the demand for electrical energy and energy storage capacity from batteries. Jacobson’s focus on firebricks is relatively new, inspired by a desire to identify effective solutions that could be adopted quickly. “Here I can see a substantial benefits at low cost from multiple angles, from helping reduce air pollution deaths to making it easier to turn the world to clean energy,” he said. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How firebrick storage technology works. B. How firebricks are produced sustainably. C What thermal energy means scientifically. D. What thermal energy storage is used to do. 13. What advantages do firebrick have over battery? A. Firebrick can store heat and cost less. B. Firebrick can generate more electricity. C Firebrick can provide heat more quickly. D. Firebrick is made of more advanced materials. 14. Why are the computer models adopted? A. To test the durability of firebricks. B. To cut the costs of firebricks. C. To explore the effectiveness of firebricks. D. To test energy storage capacity of firebricks. 15. What might be a suitable title for the text? A. The usage of firebricks can replace batteries. B. Embracing renewable electricity becomes possible. C. Innovative systems turn heat into electricity cheaply. D. An old technology can aid the switch to clean energy. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”___16___ He believed true wisdom and personal growth couldn’t be achieved in an unexamined life. The Socratic Method, named after Socrates himself, is a form of cooperative dialogue where one asks a series of open-ended questions to guide another toward insight and understanding. For example, imagine a teacher discussing moralities with students. The teacher may not explain what is “right” or “wrong”. ___17___ And follow up with questions like, “Why do we consider some actions fair and others unfair?” Through this questioning, students are led to think more critically and examine their own values and assumptions rather than just accepting the predetermined answers. ___18___When you ask yourself, for instance, “Why do you believe this?” or “What evidence supports your thinking?”, you are encouraged to consider whether your beliefs are truly your own or influenced by external factors. This process of questioning leads to self-reflection, helping individuals better understand the underlying motivations behind their thoughts and actions. Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life. ___19___And it also looks closely at your own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. An unexamined life, however, is one where people go through the motions without ever questioning. Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations. ___20___It seems as if you’re living someone else’s script without ever writing your own. A. It gives you a moment to step back. B. You are barely aware of your own desires. C. So they can follow a “right” or “fair” action. D. You are always stuck in your own ceaseless work. E. The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination. F. Instead, he or she might ask “What does it mean to act morally?” G. This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a little kid, I was fascinated by the inner workings of every device in my family’s home. I would spend hours assembling (装配) radios, ___21___ and other household appliances, trying to figure out how they worked. Assembly is more like solving a ___22___ than a step-by-step process. Some ___23___ adults were amazed at this, but to me, a blind kid ___24___ the world, it felt perfectly natural. Blindness is a hands-on process. Decades later, when I studied at the University of California, I ___25___ familiar barriers because the campus lacked accessible lab equipment for the disabled — they didn’t ___26___ blind kids to be studying physics. ___27___, I found blind tutors who taught me to ___28___ some of my own accessible equipment. This attempt ultimately paved the way for me to become an ___29___ inventor and scientist. My personal story sparked my ___30___ to create more tools to help people like me to navigate the scientific world. With this newfound mission, I started reaching out to others who shared my ___31___. Ultimately, we founded a nonprofit organization dedicated to making science accessible to the blind. Today, our nonprofit organization ___32___ the gap for blind students, and the successful stories of our members ___33___ a testament to the power of perseverance and adaptability. Just as our society is learning to recognize and ___34___ racism, sexism, and other biases, we need to become more broadly capable of spotting and eliminating disability discrimination. Only then can we move toward a/an ___35___ world. 21. A. tables B. toys C. irons D. furniture 22. A. task B. challenge C. question D. puzzle 23. A. disabled B. curious C. sighted D. surprised 24. A. exploring B. connecting C. changing D. creating 25. A. overcame B. encountered C. avoided D. cleared 26. A. bother B. expect C. doubt D. expose 27. A. Naturally B. Gradually C. Fortunately D. Occasionally 28. A. build B. operate C. maintain D. assess 29. A. diligent B. modest C. exceptional D. realistic 30. A. ability B. drive C. target D. taste 31. A. sight B. imagination C. opinion D. vision 32. A. crosses B. bridges C. links D. fills 33. A. work out B. take up C. serve as D. prepare for 34. A. put off B. call out C. fight for D. turn out 35. A. shared B. extensive C. inclusive D. connected 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As is universally acknowledged, the Chinese language boasts ____36____ long-established and far-reaching history. What makes Chinese language particularly ____37____(fascinate) is its written form. Chinese characters are the only pictorial written form in modern times, many of ____38____ have stories behind them. Not only are Chinese characters rich ____39____ symbolism but also they are amazingly beautiful when ____40____(pen) with a brush in the traditional way. Known as Hanzi, Chinese characters are the oldest continuously used writing system. ____41____(date) back to as far as the Shang Dynasty, when they were inscribed (刻) on oracle bones, Chinese characters strongly witness their time-honored history. Chinese characters have been used through a unified system throughout China’s history. One advantage of using the system is that people who speak different dialects can understand each other’s writing and thus the mutual ____42____(communicate) can go on smoothly. Different as pronunciation marks are, Chinese characters ____43____(use) previously and presently are still being used in other languages such as Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese, indicating they have been working ____44____(influence). With China playing an increasingly important role in the world, Chinese characters are being globally learned due to the fact that the international community have realized ____45____ great importance it is to speak Chinese language fluently and write Chinese characters beautifully. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办第12届科技作品展览节，开幕日期为2月7日。请你向英国交换生Mike写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动；2. 邀请参加。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, How have you been doing recently? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the hub of a city, sandwiched between skyscrapers and high-rises was a tiny but vibrant animal shelter by the name of “Paws Home”. Serving as a nice haven for numerous homeless animals, it offered food, shelter and care. One day, young Jack and Grace walked by the shelter and noticed a sign for a voluntary service. Jack was absorbed immediately, “Grace, just take into consideration those sad animals in urgent need of help. Let’s join to be volunteers.” Grace, however, showed somewhat uncertainty, “I am not sure, Jack, voluntary service takes hard work, and we have school to go to and something else to do.” Jack insisted, “just think about what a meaningful difference we would make to the homeless animals. Don’t hesitate! Do it now!” Eventually, Grace nodded. Both Jack and Grace ran to the animal shelter and sprang into action. Sweeping the shelter, feeding the animals and having games with them were great fun for them. With days passing, they became attached to the lovely creatures and felt a sense of pride. On one Sunday afternoon full of sunshine, when making nice meals for the lovely, Jack happened to hear a conversation, leaving him worried. The shelter’s director, Mr. Frank, was telling a worker a financial crisis Paws Home was faced with. As donations were declining and running costs were rising, the shelter was on the verge (边缘) of being closed. “The shelter will stop in the near future”, sighed Mr. Frank. Jack told Grace the news promptly. Surely, both of them felt how urgent it was to find a way out. “We can’t wait doing nothing,” Grace said, resolve shining in her eyes, “we have to take action again.” They immediately put forward a good plan: stage a community fundraising called “An Evening for Paws” — animals talent show, bake sale and auction (拍卖) on the square. The weeks that followed saw how busy they were. Jack persuaded some local shops to donate pet supplies, baked goods, and art works for the auction. At the same time, Grace promoted the event online, attracting attention fast. She designed posters which would appear in the neighborhood. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then came the day when the community fundraising started. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Overexcited, Mr. Frank, couldn’t be more grateful to everyone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 闽侯一中2025届高三第一次模拟考 英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑，非选择题用黑色中性笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. How soon will the woman’s bus come? A. In about 10 minutes. B. In about 15 minutes. C. In about 20 minutes. 2. What will Tony take his friend to do? A. Go to the gym. B. Make a city tour. C. Play baseball. 3. Who is the man? A. A driver. B. A passenger. C. A policeman. 4. What might the woman do next? A Ask Andrew for help. B. Buy a new computer. C. Meet a client. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In an office. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. An interview. B. A candidate. C. A project. 7. Who is suitable for the job? A. One who can lead a team. B. One who is good at English. C. One who has completed training. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did the man mainly discuss with his teacher? A. His test results. B. His illness. C. His mood. 9. Why did the teacher apologize to the man? A. She gave him little support. B. She didn’t remind him of the test. C. She forgot about his absence from class. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man think of the climbing trip? A. Dangerous. B. Manageable. C. Cheap. 11. What does the woman remind the man to do? A. Spend less on hobbies. B. Build up his confidence. C. Ensure his safety at all times. 12. What does the man learn from climbing? A. Planning in advance. B. Knowing your weaknesses. C. Staying focused. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was left at the man’s office? A. A toolkit. B. A treatment table. C. A computer. 14. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Sunday. 15. What will the man do next? A. Talk to Rob’s manager. B. Wait for a call. C. Meet Rob. 16. How does Rob feel now? A. Surprised. B. Relieved. C. Depressed. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did people in ancient Iraq predict the weather? A. By observing clouds. B. By studying animal behaviors. C. By feeling the dampness of the air. 18. When did the first thermometer appear? A. In the mid 1400s. B. In the late 1500s. C. In the early 1900s. 19. What did the Norwegian scientist do? A. He increased the calculating speed. B. He thought about creating a computer. C. He used mathematical calculations. 20. Why were balloons used to predict the weather? A. They cost much less. B. They could fly high enough. C. They were easier to operate. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A National Parks You Should Never Miss Since the U. S. National Park Service (NPS) started keeping records in 1904, its mountain landscapes, seaside wildernesses, and high desert acres have registered more than 16 billion visits. Some of the best-known parks experienced record crowds in 2024. The following national parks are decent travelling and visiting destinations, but they offer just a glimpse of the variety to be found in the 429 park units of the NPS. Joshua Tree National Park Drawn by outsized rock formations and distinctive yucca brevifolia plants, 3,270,404 travelers entered Joshua Tree National Park in 2024. It offers hiking, rock-climbing, and star-gazing in the Sonora and Mojave deserts east of Los Angeles, California. Grand Teton National Park The peaks of the Teton Range, solemn and imposing, tower nearly 7,000 feet over the Wyoming valley floor, making them some of the boldest geological statements in the Rockies. Grand Teton National Park’s jewel-like lakes, blue and white glaciers, and naked granite (花岗岩) summits received 3,417,106 visitors in 2024. Yosemite National Park Nearly 4 million visitors came to this national geopark of granite cliffs and towering waterfalls in 2024. Most spent time in Yosemite Valley, a mile-wide, seven-mile-long canyon that was cut by a river and then widened and deepened by glacial action. Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park — the world’s first national park — was visited by more than 4. 5 million people in 2024. The vast reserve — covering 2. 2 million acres in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana — has craggy (陡峭的) peaks, explosive geysers, alpine lakes, deep forests, and a wealth of wild animals. The stars are bison, bears, sheep, moose, and wolves. Hike with us: National Geographic’s Trails Illustrated maps highlight the best places for hiking, camping, boating, paddling, and wildlife viewing. Click here for route maps of National Parks. 1. Which of the following attracts the most travelers in 2024? A. Yosemite National Park. B. Yellowstone National Park. C. Grand Teton National Park. D. Joshua Tree National Park. 2. What do Grand Teton National Park and Yosemite National Park have in common? A. Both have steep granite cliffs. B. Both feature jewel-like alpine lakes. C. Both offer scenery of mountains and waters. D. Both are visited by more than 4 million travelers. 3. Which website can you probably find this passage? A. www. nationalgeographic. com/travel B. www. nationalgeographic. com/history C. www. nationalgeographic. com/story D. www. nationalgeographic. com/sports 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国国家公园管理局旗下的几处国家公园，包括约书亚树国家公园、大提顿国家公园、优胜美地国家公园和黄石国家公园，还提及了它们的特色和2024年的游客数量。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Joshua Tree National Park部分中“Drawn by outsized rock formations and distinctive yucca brevifolia plants, 3,270,404 travelers entered Joshua Tree National Park in 2024.(2024年，3270404名游客被巨大的岩层和独特的短叶丝兰植物所吸引，进入了约书亚树国家公园)”；Grand Teton National Park部分中“Grand Teton National Park’s jewel like lakes, blue and white glaciers, and naked granite summits received 3,417,106 visitors in 2024.(2024年，大提顿国家公园如宝石般的湖泊、蓝白色的冰川和裸露的花岗岩山峰接待了3417106名游客)”；Yosemite National Park部分中“Nearly 4 million visitors came to this national geopark of granite cliffs and towering waterfalls in 2024.(2024年，近400万游客来到这个拥有花岗岩悬崖和高耸瀑布的国家地质公园)”； Yellowstone National Park部分中“Yellowstone National Park — the world’s first national park — was visited by more than 4. 5 million people in 2024.(2024年，世界上第一个国家公园——黄石国家公园接待了超过450万游客)”可知，2024年黄石国家公园(Yellowstone National Park)吸引的游客最多。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Grand Teton National Park部分中“The peaks of the Teton Range, solemn and imposing, tower nearly 7, feet over the Wyoming valley floor, making them some of the boldest geological statements in the Rockies. Grand Teton National Park’s jewel like lakes, blue and white glaciers, and naked granite (花岗岩) summits received 3,417,106 visitors in 2024.(提顿山脉的山峰庄严雄伟，比怀俄明州的谷底高出近7英尺，使其成为落基山脉中最引人注目的地质景观之一。2024年，大提顿国家公园如宝石般的湖泊、蓝白色的冰川和裸露的花岗岩山峰接待了3417106名游客)”和Yosemite National Park部分中“Nearly 4 million visitors came to this national geopark of granite cliffs and towering waterfalls in 2024. Most spent time in Yosemite Valley, a mile wide, seven mile long canyon that was cut by a river and then widened and deepened by glacial action.(2024年，近400万游客来到这个拥有花岗岩悬崖和高耸瀑布的国家地质公园。大多数人会在约塞米蒂山谷停留，这是一个一英里宽、七英里长的峡谷，它先是被一条河流切割，然后因冰川作用而变宽加深)”可知，大提顿国家公园有山峰、湖泊、冰川等景观，优胜美地国家公园有悬崖、瀑布等景观，二者都有山水景观。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“National Parks You Should Never Miss(你绝不能错过的国家公园)”以及最后一段“Hike with us: National Geographic’s Trails Illustrated maps highlight the best places for hiking, camping, boating, paddling, and wildlife viewing. Click here for route maps of National Parks.(和我们一起徒步旅行：《国家地理》的徒步路线图突出了徒步、露营、划船、划桨和观赏野生动物的最佳地点。点击此处获取国家公园的路线图)”可知，文章主要介绍国家公园的旅游相关信息，所以最有可能在国家地理的旅游板块找到这篇文章。故选A项。 B On a summer trip to Maharashtra, India, Aryaman Khandelwal saw a little boy, no more than ten years old, carrying a bag of corn twice his size. “They had to work so hard to make do,” Khandelwal said, “Something needed to change. ” Then a senior at Parkland High School, Khandelwal went on to design Get2Greater over the next couple of years, an AI-driven app to improve access to healthcare services. His efforts earned him the GloriaBarron Prize, which is given to young people with significant social initiatives. The young man was passionate about improving healthcare in Maharashtra, a place that lacked qualified doctors and healthcare workers. Moreover, there were many quacks, who might quit studying after a year of medicine school and return home as “healthcare providers”. Then Khandelwal was introduced to the a MAHAN Trust, a healthcare organization serving rural parts of Maharashtra. At the time, the MAHAN Trust was training village health workers to carry out basic medical tasks, such as taking measurements and transporting data to hospitals for review. Through them, Khandelwal learned that only 10 to 15 trained workers served a population of 200,000. While the method showed results, it was time-consuming and required significant improvement to handle the large volume of cases more efficiently. That’s where Get2Greater came in — it separates the unhealthy from the healthy, so doctors can focus on more pressing cases. The app can record basic health-related data points, compile (汇编) them in order of priority and send them to doctors nearby. Khandelwal sent a tablet computer equipped with a basic software prototype (软件原型) to the MAHAN Trust and established a line of communication with healthcare workers there. “I asked them to provide feedback on the app,” he said. Khandelwal’s proposal won him funding and after numerous trials, he created a Wi-Fi component so the devices could connect to the local hospitals. He has also been in talks with the UN to help take the device to other parts of the world. 4. What does the underlined word “quacks” in paragraph 3 refer to ? A. Students who quit school. B. Doctors who are unqualified. C Nurses who work in hospitals. D. Professionals who help in healthcare work. 5. What was the challenge faced by the MAHAN Trust? A. The difficulty in transporting data accurately. B. Village health workers’ unwillingness to be trained. C. Insufficient healthcare providers for vast communities. D. Lack of medical equipment for performing medical tasks. 6. How does the app Get2Greater function? A. By cutting healthcare costs for patients. B. By processing data for doctors’ attention. C. By automatically recording treatment process. D. By identifying the symptoms quickly and correctly. 7. Which of the following can best describe Khandelwal? A. Innovative and committed. B. Confident and modest. C. Humble and determined. D. Generous and ambitious. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Aryaman Khandelwal看到印度马哈拉施特拉邦医疗现状后，历时数年设计出Get2Greater应用程序以改善医疗服务的故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“a place that lacked qualified doctors and healthcare workers(缺乏合格医生和保健工作者的地方)”和后文“who might quit studying after a year of medicine school and return home as ‘healthcare providers’.(他们可能在医学院学习一年后就辍学回家，然后以‘医疗服务提供者’自居)”可知，这个地方缺乏合格的医生，他们没有完成医学学习就开始提供医疗服务，显然是没有资质的。所以，划线词quacks指的是“没有资质的医生；江湖郎中”，与同义“Doctors who are unqualified.”。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“At the time, the MAHAN Trust was training village health workers to carry out basic medical tasks, such as taking measurements and transporting data to hospitals for review. Through them, Khandelwal learned that only 10 to 15 trained workers served a population of 200,000.(当时，MAHAN信托正在培训乡村卫生工作者执行基本医疗任务，例如测量和将数据传送到医院进行审查。通过他们，Khandelwal了解到只有10到15名训练有素的卫生工作者为20万人口服务)”可知，MAHAN信托面临的挑战是广大社区的医疗服务提供者不足。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“That’s where Get2Greater came in — it separates the unhealthy from the healthy, so doctors can focus on more pressing cases. The app can record basic health related data points, compile (汇编) them in order of priority and send them to doctors nearby.(这就是Get2Greater发挥作用的地方——它能将不健康的人与健康的人区分开来，这样医生就可以专注于更紧急的病例。该应用程序可以记录基本的健康相关数据点，按优先级汇编这些数据，并将其发送给附近的医生)”可知，Get2Greater应用程序通过处理数据让医生关注更紧急的病例来发挥作用。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Then a senior at Parkland High School, Khandelwal went on to design Get2Greater over the next couple of years, an AI driven app to improve access to healthcare services.(当时还是帕克兰高中高年级学生的Khandelwal，在接下来的几年里继续设计了Get2Greater，这是一款由人工智能驱动的应用程序，旨在改善医疗服务的可及性)”以及Khandelwal后续不断改进应用程序等一系列努力可知，他有创新精神且有坚定的决心和投入。所以他是创新且有奉献精神的。故选A项。 C Are athletes nearing the limits of what’s possible? Are they struggling to break records? The hammer throw (链球), for example, hasn’t seen a new world record since 1986. Yet, athletes frequently outdo themselves in other sports, such as the 400-metre sprint. Although professional athletes often boast impressive muscles, simply increasing muscle mass does not guarantee improved athletic performance. This is partly because muscles lose efficiency as they grow. More muscle mass produces extra force, but the benefits decrease as muscle mass continues to grow and muscles will eventually approach a hard limit on what they can achieve. An athlete’s dominant muscle fibre type also significantly impacts performance. Sprinters (短跑运动员) have a high concentration of fast-twitch fibres (快肌纤维) in contrast to marathon runners, who have a high concentration of slow-twitch fibres. Fast-twitch fibres are richer in energy stores, produce more powerful movements and tire us out more quickly than the slow-twitch variety. This difference sets a speed limit on high-endurance sports like long-distance running. Muscles set a ceiling on how hard athletes can work, but performance also depends on what athletes do with their muscles. In the 1968 Olympics, Dick Fosbury used an innovative strategy for the high jump that raised the bar. Instead of soaring forward over the pole, he turned his body mid-flight. The backward jump enabled him to leap over the pole with less effort. Five years later, Dwight Stones perfected the “Fosbury Flop” and broke the high-jump world record using this method. Technological advancements in sportswear also significantly boost performance. Shoes equipped with carbon-plated insoles (碳板鞋垫) can give runners an advantage. This type of footwear limits energy loss, meaning the runner has to put in less work to run faster. World Athletics allows athletes to compete with these shoes as long as the soft base is no higher than about 4 centimeters, so it’s possible this sportswear could lead to new running records. Ultimately, while muscle limitations exist, innovative techniques and advancements in sportswear continue to redefine athletic potential, suggesting that records, even seemingly unbeatable ones, may yet be defeated. 8. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By raising questions on athletes’ concerns. B. By listing different sports events directly. C. By emphasizing the efficiency of muscle mass. D. By analyzing the limits of athletic performance. 9. What can be learned about the muscle fibre types according to paragraph 3? A. Fast-twitch fibres are ideal for Marathon runners. B. Sprinters possess more fast-twitch fibres than marathon runners. C. Slow-twitch fibres are more powerful and tire us more quickly. D. The muscle fibre type only has a small impact on performance. 10. Why does the author mention the “Fosbury Flop”? A. To praise Stones’ breaking the world record. B. To reveal limitations in high-jump techniques. C. To illustrate the significance of physical peak in athletes. D. To prove the role of creative techniques in athletic performance. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Only specific sports can see new records. B. Muscle mass guarantees athletic performance. C. Muscle limitations make new records impossible. D. Records may be broken with innovation and technology. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了运动员在接近体能极限时，如何通过创新技术和运动装备的进步来继续打破世界纪录的可能性。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Are athletes nearing the limits of what’s possible? Are they struggling to break records? The hammer throw (链球), for example, hasn’t seen a new world record since 1986. Yet, athletes frequently outdo themselves in other sports, such as the 400-metre sprint.(运动员是否正在接近可能的极限？他们是否在努力打破纪录？例如，链球项目自1986年以来就没有出现过新的世界纪录。然而，在其他体育项目中，如400米短跑，运动员们却经常能够超越自我)”可知，作者通过提出通过提出运动员所关心的两个问题来引入话题。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sprinters (短跑运动员) have a high concentration of fast-twitch fibres (快肌纤维) in contrast to marathon runners, who have a high concentration of slow-twitch fibres.(短跑运动员拥有高浓度的快肌纤维，而马拉松运动员则拥有高浓度的慢肌纤维)”可知，短跑运动员比马拉松运动员拥有更多的快肌纤维。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“In the 1968 Olympics, Dick Fosbury used an innovative strategy for the high jump that raised the bar. Instead of soaring forward over the pole, he turned his body mid-flight. The backward jump enabled him to leap over the pole with less effort. Five years later, Dwight Stones perfected the “Fosbury Flop” and broke the high-jump world record using this method.(在1968年的奥运会上，Dick Fosbury采用了一种创新的跳高策略，这一策略提高了跳高的标杆。他不是像传统那样面向前方飞跃过杆，而是在空中转身。这种向后跳跃的方式使他能够以较小的努力跃过横杆。五年后，Dwight Stones完善了“Fosbury Flop”，并使用这种方法打破了跳高世界纪录)”可知，Dick Fosbury创新了跳高运动的姿势。五年后Dwight Stones利用“Fosbury Flop”打破了世界纪录。由此可推知，作者提到“Fosbury Flop”是为了证明创新性的技巧在帮助运动员的表现上起作用。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意。根据全文内容及最后一段“Ultimately, while muscle limitations exist, innovative techniques and advancements in sportswear continue to redefine athletic potential, suggesting that records, even seemingly unbeatable ones, may yet be defeated.(最终，尽管肌肉存在局限性，但创新的技术和运动装备的进步不断重新定义运动员的潜力，这表明即使是看似无法打破的记录也有可能被刷新)”可知，文章的整体观点是，尽管存在肌肉的生理限制，但通过技巧创新和运动装备的科技进步，仍旧有可能打破现有的运动纪录。由此可推知，创新和科技的应用将有助于打破纪录。故选D项。 D A technology with roots going back to the Bronze Age may offer a fast and inexpensive approach to helping achieve the United Nations climate goal of net zero emissions by 2050, according to recent Stanford-led research. The technology involves fitting heat-absorbing bricks in an insulated (隔热的) container, where they can store heat generated by solar or wind power for later use in industrial processes. The heat can then be released when needed by passing air through channels in the piles of “firebricks”, thus allowing cement, steel, glass, and paper factories to run on renewable energy even when wind and sunshine are unavailable. These systems are a form of thermal energy (热能) storage. The bricks are made from the same materials as the bricks that lined primitive kilns (窑) thousands of years ago. Batteries can store electricity and provide it to generate heat on demand. “The differences between firebrick storage and battery storage are that the firebricks store heat rather than electricity and that their cost is one-tenth the cost of batteries,” said lead study author Mark Z. Jacobson, a professor at Stanford University. “The materials are basically just the components of dirt. ” The researchers adopted computer models to compare costs, land needs, health impacts, and emissions involved in two scenarios for an imagined future where 149 countries in 2050 are using renewable sources for all energy purposes. In one scenario, firebricks provide 90% of industrial process heat. In the other, there’s zero adoption of firebricks or other forms of thermal energy storage. The researchers found the scenario with firebricks could cut costs by $1.27 trillion across the 149 countries, while reducing the demand for electrical energy and energy storage capacity from batteries. Jacobson’s focus on firebricks is relatively new, inspired by a desire to identify effective solutions that could be adopted quickly. “Here I can see a substantial benefits at low cost from multiple angles, from helping reduce air pollution deaths to making it easier to turn the world to clean energy,” he said. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How firebrick storage technology works. B. How firebricks are produced sustainably. C. What thermal energy means scientifically. D. What thermal energy storage is used to do. 13. What advantages do firebrick have over battery? A. Firebrick can store heat and cost less. B. Firebrick can generate more electricity. C. Firebrick can provide heat more quickly. D. Firebrick is made of more advanced materials. 14. Why are the computer models adopted? A. To test the durability of firebricks. B. To cut the costs of firebricks. C. To explore the effectiveness of firebricks. D. To test energy storage capacity of firebricks. 15. What might be a suitable title for the text? A. The usage of firebricks can replace batteries. B. Embracing renewable electricity becomes possible. C. Innovative systems turn heat into electricity cheaply. D. An old technology can aid the switch to clean energy. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了古老火砖技术如何通过储存热能，帮助实现工业过程的可再生能源使用，从而助力全球净零排放目标的实现。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The technology involves fitting heat-absorbing bricks in an insulated (隔热的) container, where they can store heat generated by solar or wind power for later use in industrial processes. The heat can then be released when needed by passing air through channels in the piles of “firebricks”, thus allowing cement, steel, glass, and paper factories to run on renewable energy even when wind and sunshine are unavailable. These systems are a form of thermal energy (热能) storage.(这项技术涉及在隔热容器中安装吸热砖，这些砖可以储存由太阳能或风能产生的热量，以便在工业过程中后续使用。当需要时，可以通过在“耐火砖”堆中的通道通过空气来释放热量，从而使水泥、钢铁、玻璃和造纸厂能够在没有风和阳光的情况下依然依靠可再生能源运行。这些系统是热能存储的一种形式)”可知，本段详细说明了耐火砖储能技术是将吸热砖组装在隔热容器中，用来储存太阳能或风能产生的热量以便之后使用等内容，即这项技术的工作原理。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““The differences between firebrick storage and battery storage are that the firebricks store heat rather than electricity and that their cost is one-tenth the cost of batteries,” said lead study author Mark Z. Jacobson, a professor at Stanford University.(“耐火砖存储与电池存储的区别在于，耐火砖储存的是热量而不是电力，并且其成本仅为电池的十分之一，”该研究的主要作者、斯坦福大学的教授马克·雅各布森说道)”可知，耐火砖储能与电池储能的差异在于耐火砖储存热量而非电力，且成本是电池的十分之一。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers found the scenario with firebricks could cut costs by $1.27 trillion across the 149 countries, while reducing the demand for electrical energy and energy storage capacity from batteries.(研究人员发现，使用耐火砖的场景可以在这149个国家中削减1.27万亿美元的成本，同时减少对电能的需求以及来自电池的储能容量需求)”可知，研究者用模型对比两种未来可再生能源场景，涉及耐火砖在其中的作用及优势，故推知，采用计算机模型是为了探索耐火砖的有效性。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“A technology with roots going back to the Bronze Age may offer a fast and inexpensive approach to helping achieve the United Nations climate goal of net zero emissions by 2050, according to recent Stanford-led research.(根据最近由斯坦福大学主导的研究，一种可以追溯到青铜时代的科技可能提供了一种快速且成本低廉的方法来帮助实现联合国2050年净零排放的气候目标)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种可追溯到青铜时代的耐火砖储能技术，该技术有助于实现联合国净零排放目标，即能够助力向清洁能源的转变。因此，选项D“一项古老的技术可以帮助转向清洁能源”作为标题最为合适。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”___16___ He believed true wisdom and personal growth couldn’t be achieved in an unexamined life. The Socratic Method, named after Socrates himself, is a form of cooperative dialogue where one asks a series of open-ended questions to guide another toward insight and understanding. For example, imagine a teacher discussing moralities with students. The teacher may not explain what is “right” or “wrong”. ___17___ And follow up with questions like, “Why do we consider some actions fair and others unfair?” Through this questioning, students are led to think more critically and examine their own values and assumptions rather than just accepting the predetermined answers. ___18___When you ask yourself, for instance, “Why do you believe this?” or “What evidence supports your thinking?”, you are encouraged to consider whether your beliefs are truly your own or influenced by external factors. This process of questioning leads to self-reflection, helping individuals better understand the underlying motivations behind their thoughts and actions. Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life. ___19___And it also looks closely at your own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. An unexamined life, however, is one where people go through the motions without ever questioning. Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations. ___20___It seems as if you’re living someone else’s script without ever writing your own. A. It gives you a moment to step back. B. You are barely aware of your own desires. C. So they can follow a “right” or “fair” action. D. You are always stuck in your own ceaseless work. E. The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination. F. Instead, he or she might ask “What does it mean to act morally?” G. This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以苏格拉底的名言“未经审视的生活是不值得过的”为切入点，介绍了苏格拉底方法，并阐述了自我反思的重要性以及未经审视的生活的弊端。 【16题详解】 上文“Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, ‘The unexamined life is not worth living.’(著名的古希腊哲学家苏格拉底有句名言：‘未经审视的生活是不值得过的’)”引出了苏格拉底的这句名言。G选项“This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts.(这句有力的宣言呼吁人们更深入地挖掘自己的思想)”对这句名言进行了进一步解读，说明其作用是引导人们深入思考自己的思想，与上文逻辑紧密。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“The teacher may not explain what is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’.(老师可能不会解释什么是‘对’或‘错’)”表明老师不会直接给出对错的定义。F选项“Instead, he or she might ask ‘What does it mean to act morally?’(相反，他或她可能会问 ‘道德行事意味着什么? ’)”与上文形成转折，说明老师会通过提问的方式引导学生思考，符合苏格拉底方法中通过提问引导他人思考的特点，上下文衔接自然。故选F项。 【18题详解】 下文“When you ask yourself, for instance, ‘Why do you believe this?’ or ‘What evidence supports your thinking?’(例如，当你问自己‘你为什么相信这个?’或‘有什么证据支持你的想法?’)”具体说明了自我审视时的提问方式。E选项“The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination.(苏格拉底方法是一种强大的自我审视工具)”起到了承上启下的作用，既承接上文对苏格拉底方法的介绍，又引出下文关于自我审视的具体内容。故选E项。 【19题详解】 上文“Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life.(自我反思就像按下生活的暂停键)”将自我反思比喻为暂停键。A选项“It gives you a moment to step back.(它给你一个退后一步思考的时刻)”进一步解释了按下暂停键的意义，即让人有时间退后一步思考，与上文逻辑一致。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations.(过一种未经审视的生活就像在自动驾驶状态下滑行，人们只是简单地接受社会标准而不进行批判性评估。在这种生活中，你会被社会的期望所裹挟)”描述了未经审视的生活的状态。B选项“You are barely aware of your own desires.(你几乎意识不到自己的欲望)”进一步说明了在这种生活状态下的结果，即人们会忽略自己的欲望，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a little kid, I was fascinated by the inner workings of every device in my family’s home. I would spend hours assembling (装配) radios, ___21___ and other household appliances, trying to figure out how they worked. Assembly is more like solving a ___22___ than a step-by-step process. Some ___23___ adults were amazed at this, but to me, a blind kid ___24___ the world, it felt perfectly natural. Blindness is a hands-on process. Decades later, when I studied at the University of California, I ___25___ familiar barriers because the campus lacked accessible lab equipment for the disabled — they didn’t ___26___ blind kids to be studying physics. ___27___, I found blind tutors who taught me to ___28___ some of my own accessible equipment. This attempt ultimately paved the way for me to become an ___29___ inventor and scientist. My personal story sparked my ___30___ to create more tools to help people like me to navigate the scientific world. With this newfound mission, I started reaching out to others who shared my ___31___. Ultimately, we founded a nonprofit organization dedicated to making science accessible to the blind. Today, our nonprofit organization ___32___ the gap for blind students, and the successful stories of our members ___33___ a testament to the power of perseverance and adaptability. Just as our society is learning to recognize and ___34___ racism, sexism, and other biases, we need to become more broadly capable of spotting and eliminating disability discrimination. Only then can we move toward a/an ___35___ world. 21. A. tables B. toys C. irons D. furniture 22. A. task B. challenge C. question D. puzzle 23. A. disabled B. curious C. sighted D. surprised 24. A. exploring B. connecting C. changing D. creating 25. A. overcame B. encountered C. avoided D. cleared 26. A. bother B. expect C. doubt D. expose 27. A. Naturally B. Gradually C. Fortunately D. Occasionally 28. A. build B. operate C. maintain D. assess 29. A. diligent B. modest C. exceptional D. realistic 30. A. ability B. drive C. target D. taste 31. A. sight B. imagination C. opinion D. vision 32. A. crosses B. bridges C. links D. fills 33. A. work out B. take up C. serve as D. prepare for 34. A. put off B. call out C. fight for D. turn out 35. A. shared B. extensive C. inclusive D. connected 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名盲人，如何克服困难学习科学并致力于为盲人学生创造无障碍科学教育工具的个人经历和愿景。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会花几个小时组装收音机、熨斗和其他家用电器，试图弄清楚它们的工作原理。A. tables桌子；B. toys玩具；C. irons熨斗；D. furniture家具。根据后文的“other household appliances”可知，这里列举的是家用电器，熨斗属于家用电器之一。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：组装更像是一个解谜过程，而不是一个按部就班的过程。A. task任务；B. challenge挑战；C. question问题；D. puzzle谜。根据前文的“solving”可知，组装过程需要解决的是像谜一样的问题。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些视力正常的成年人对此感到惊讶，但对我来说，作为一个探索世界的盲人孩子，这感觉完全自然。A. disabled残疾的；B. curious好奇的；C. sighted视力正常的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后文的“but to me, a blind kid”可知，这里对比的是视力正常的成年人和盲人孩子。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些视力正常的成年人对此感到惊讶，但对我来说，作为一个探索世界的盲人孩子，这感觉完全自然。A. exploring探索；B. connecting连接；C. changing改变；D. creating创造。根据后文的“the world”可知，这里指的是盲人孩子通过组装电器来探索世界。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，当我在加州大学学习时，我遇到了熟悉的障碍，因为校园里缺乏供残疾人使用的实验设备——他们没想到盲人孩子会学习物理。A. overcame克服；B. encountered遇到；C. avoided避免；D. cleared清除。根据后文的“familiar barriers”可知，作者在加州大学学习时遇到了障碍。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，当我在加州大学学习时，我遇到了熟悉的障碍，因为校园里缺乏供残疾人使用的实验设备——他们没想到盲人孩子会学习物理。A. bother打扰；B. expect期待，预料；C. doubt怀疑；D. expose暴露。根据后文的“blind kids to be studying physics”可知，这里指的是学校没有预料到盲人孩子会学习物理。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我找到了盲人导师，他们教我制作一些我自己能使用的设备。A. Naturally自然地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Occasionally偶尔地。根据后文的“I found blind tutors who taught me”可知，作者找到了盲人导师，这是一件幸运的事情。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我找到了盲人导师，他们教我制作一些我自己能使用的设备。A. build建造，创建；B. operate操作；C. maintain维护；D. assess评估。根据后文的“some of my own accessible equipment”可知，导师教作者制作自己能使用的设备。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次尝试最终为我成为一位杰出的发明家和科学家铺平了道路。A. diligent勤奋的；B. modest谦虚的；C. exceptional杰出的；D. realistic现实的。根据后文的“inventor and scientist”可知，这次尝试让作者成为了一位杰出的发明家和科学家。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的个人故事激发了我的动力，去创造更多的工具帮助像我这样的人探索科学世界。A. ability能力；B. drive动力；C. target目标；D. taste味道。根据后文的“to create more tools to help people like me”可知，作者的个人故事激发了他创造工具的动力。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这个新发现的使命，我开始接触那些和我有着共同愿景的人。A. sight视力；B. imagination想象；C. opinion意见；D. vision愿景。根据后文的“founded a nonprofit organization dedicated to making science accessible to the blind”可知，作者开始接触那些和他有着共同愿景的人，即让科学对盲人来说更加可及。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我们的非营利组织为盲人学生弥合了差距，我们成员的成功故事证明了毅力和适应性的力量。A. crosses穿过；B. bridges架起桥梁，弥合，消除；C. links连接；D. fills填充。根据后文的“the gap for blind students”可知，非营利组织为盲人学生弥合了差距。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天，我们的非营利组织为盲人学生弥合了差距，我们成员的成功故事证明了毅力和适应性的力量。A. work out解决；B. take up占据；C. serve as充当；D. prepare for准备。根据后文的“a testament to the power of perseverance and adaptability”可知，这里指的是成员的成功故事充当了毅力和适应性力量的证明。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如我们的社会正在学习识别并指出种族主义、性别歧视和其他偏见一样，我们需要更广泛地识别并消除残疾歧视。A. put off推迟；B. call out大声说出，指出；C. fight for为……而战；D. turn out结果是。根据后文的“racism, sexism, and other biases”可知，这里指的是社会正在学习识别并指出这些偏见。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有这样，我们才能走向一个包容的世界。A. shared共享的；B. extensive广泛的；C. inclusive包容的；D. connected连接的。根据前文的“we need to become more broadly capable of spotting and eliminating disability discrimination”可知，只有消除残疾歧视，我们才能走向一个包容的世界。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As is universally acknowledged, the Chinese language boasts ____36____ long-established and far-reaching history. What makes Chinese language particularly ____37____(fascinate) is its written form. Chinese characters are the only pictorial written form in modern times, many of ____38____ have stories behind them. Not only are Chinese characters rich ____39____ symbolism but also they are amazingly beautiful when ____40____(pen) with a brush in the traditional way. Known as Hanzi, Chinese characters are the oldest continuously used writing system. ____41____(date) back to as far as the Shang Dynasty, when they were inscribed (刻) on oracle bones, Chinese characters strongly witness their time-honored history. Chinese characters have been used through a unified system throughout China’s history. One advantage of using the system is that people who speak different dialects can understand each other’s writing and thus the mutual ____42____(communicate) can go on smoothly. Different as pronunciation marks are, Chinese characters ____43____(use) previously and presently are still being used in other languages such as Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese, indicating they have been working ____44____(influence). With China playing an increasingly important role in the world, Chinese characters are being globally learned due to the fact that the international community have realized ____45____ great importance it is to speak Chinese language fluently and write Chinese characters beautifully. 【答案】36. a 37. fascinating 38. which 39. in 40. penned 41. Dating 42. communication 43. used 44. influentially 45. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了汉字的历史、特点及全球影响力。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：众所周知，汉语有着悠久而深远的历史。此处泛指“一段悠久而深远的历史”，且long-established是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：汉语特别吸引人的是它的书写形式。空处需用形容词作宾语补足语，fascinate的形容词fascinating“迷人的，吸引人的”，用于修饰物。故填fascinating。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：汉字是现代唯一的一种图画文字，其中许多汉字背后都有故事。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chinese characters，指物，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：汉字不仅富有象征意义，而且用传统的方式用毛笔书写时也非常漂亮。be rich in…“在……方面丰富”，为固定短语。故填in。 【40题详解】 考查状语从句省略。句意：汉字不仅富有象征意义，而且用传统的方式用毛笔书写时也非常漂亮。when引导的时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，本句的完整句子为when they are penned with a brush in the traditional way，省略了they are，保留过去分词。故填penned。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：汉字可以追溯到商代，当时它们被刻在甲骨上，汉字有力地见证了它们悠久的历史。本句已有谓语witness，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，date back to“追溯到”，无被动语态，所以空处需用现在分词dating作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Dating。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：使用这个系统的一个优点是，说不同方言的人可以理解彼此的书写，从而使相互交流能够顺利进行。空处需用名词作主语，communicate的名词为communication“交流”，不可数名词。故填communication。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管发音标记不同，但以前和现在使用的汉字仍然被用于其他语言，如日语、韩语和越南语，这表明它们一直在发挥作用。本句已有谓语are being used，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词Chinese characters，use和该名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管发音标记不同，但以前和现在使用的汉字仍然被用于其他语言，如日语、韩语和越南语，这表明它们一直在发挥作用。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词working，influence的副词为influentially“有影响地”。故填influentially。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：随着中国在世界舞台上扮演着越来越重要的角色，汉字正在全球范围内被学习，因为国际社会已经意识到流利地说汉语和漂亮地写汉字是多么重要。空处引导宾语从句，且从句为感叹句，修饰名词 “importance”，表示 “多么”，应用what构成感叹句并引导该从句。故填what。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办第12届科技作品展览节，开幕日期为2月7日。请你向英国交换生Mike写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动；2. 邀请参加 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, How have you been doing recently? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear Mike, How have you been doing recently? With the twelfth “Science and Technology Works Exhibition” approaching, I am overjoyed to introduce to you something concerned and invite you to it as well. Firstly, it is on February seventh that the event will be launched in our school. As desired, the exhibition will undoubtedly appeal to numerous student enthusiasts. Secondly, what we are expecting enthusiastically is that varieties of works like solar-powered fan and AI-assisted robot cleaner will be put on exhibition. Additionally, not only will captivating lectures be delivered but also a technology-oriented quiz will be held as scheduled. Hopefully, you are intensely keen on what I have introduced. Your participation is greatly anticipated. Looking forward to your accepting my sincere invitation as promptly as possible. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国交换生Mike写一封邮件，介绍即将举行的第12届科技作品展览节并邀请其参加。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：overjoyed → delighted 各种各样的：varieties of → different kinds of 另外：additionally → furthermore 参与：participation → involvement 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the twelfth “Science and Technology Works Exhibition” approaching, I am overjoyed to introduce to you something concerned and invite you to it as well. 拓展句：As the twelfth “Science and Technology Works Exhibition” is approaching, I am overjoyed to introduce to you something concerned and invite you to it as well. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, what we are expecting enthusiastically is that varieties of works like solar-powered fan and AI-assisted robot cleaner will be put on exhibition.(运用了what引导主语从句和that引导表语从句) 【高分句型2】Hopefully, you are intensely keen on what I have introduced.(运用了what引导宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the hub of a city, sandwiched between skyscrapers and high-rises was a tiny but vibrant animal shelter by the name of “Paws Home”. Serving as a nice haven for numerous homeless animals, it offered food, shelter and care. One day, young Jack and Grace walked by the shelter and noticed a sign for a voluntary service. Jack was absorbed immediately, “Grace, just take into consideration those sad animals in urgent need of help. Let’s join to be volunteers.” Grace, however, showed somewhat uncertainty, “I am not sure, Jack, voluntary service takes hard work, and we have school to go to and something else to do.” Jack insisted, “just think about what a meaningful difference we would make to the homeless animals. Don’t hesitate! Do it now!” Eventually, Grace nodded. Both Jack and Grace ran to the animal shelter and sprang into action. Sweeping the shelter, feeding the animals and having games with them were great fun for them. With days passing, they became attached to the lovely creatures and felt a sense of pride. On one Sunday afternoon full of sunshine, when making nice meals for the lovely, Jack happened to hear a conversation, leaving him worried. The shelter’s director, Mr. Frank, was telling a worker a financial crisis Paws Home was faced with. As donations were declining and running costs were rising, the shelter was on the verge (边缘) of being closed. “The shelter will stop in the near future”, sighed Mr. Frank. Jack told Grace the news promptly. Surely, both of them felt how urgent it was to find a way out. “We can’t wait doing nothing,” Grace said, resolve shining in her eyes, “we have to take action again.” They immediately put forward a good plan: stage a community fundraising called “An Evening for Paws” — animals talent show, bake sale and auction (拍卖) on the square. The weeks that followed saw how busy they were. Jack persuaded some local shops to donate pet supplies, baked goods, and art works for the auction. At the same time, Grace promoted the event online, attracting attention fast. She designed posters which would appear in the neighborhood. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then came the day when the community fundraising started. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Overexcited, Mr. Frank, couldn’t be more grateful to everyone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Then came the day when the community fundraising started. The Paws Home took on an electric look. In the breeze danced the dazzling streamers. On the tables lay the donated pet supplies, baked goods and art works eager to be auctioned. On the stage stayed the excited pet animals eager to show talents. In the neighborhood shuttled Jack and Grace among the crowd in the warm sunshine. Suddenly, cheers exploding thunderously, the highlight came into view. Dogs were doing tricks, cats were showing catwalks and parrots were reciting rhymes. So amazing was the show that the crowd were overwhelmingly entertained, donating generously. Meanwhile, the crowd rushing to offer, the auction lived up to their expectations instantly. Mr. Frank seeing it, his excited tears were streaming down. Overexcited, Mr. Frank, couldn’t be more grateful to everyone. First, he looked at Jack and Grace affectionately and said proudly “well done!” On hearing it, both Jack and Grace were smiling knowingly. Then, Mr. Frank voiced the sincere thanks to the enthusiastic crowd. Immediately, they cheered in response. The cheers were resonating in the breeze and in the sunshine. Next, Mr. Frank with confidence hanging on his face promised that the Paws Home would be kept open to the homeless animals continuously. Everyone was convinced that a small community could make a big difference. For Jack and Grace, the experience was a reminder that many hands make light work. 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述Jack和Grace看到动物收容所招募志愿者便加入其中，后得知收容所面临财务危机，他们策划了社区筹款活动。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“社区筹款活动开始的日子到了。”可知，第一段可描写活动现场的热闹场景，如动物表演、拍卖等，以及人们积极捐款，Frank先生感动落泪。 ②由第二段首句内容“Frank先生兴奋不已，对每个人感激不尽。”可知，第二段可描写Frank先生向Jack、Grace和众人表达感谢，承诺收容所会继续开放，大家意识到团结的力量。 2. 续写线索：活动开场——动物表演——拍卖顺利——Frank感谢——承诺开放 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①使快乐：entertain/amuse ②捐赠：donate/contribute ③欢呼：cheer/shout with joy 情绪类 ①兴奋的：excited/thrilled ②热情：enthusiastic/passionate 【点睛】[高分句型1] In the breeze danced the dazzling streamers.(运用了完全倒装结构) [高分句型2] So amazing was the show that the crowd were overwhelmingly entertained, donating generously.(运用了so...that引导结果状语从句的部分倒装结构) [高分句型3] For Jack and Grace, the experience was a reminder that many hands make light work.(运用了that引导同位语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$