语法第08讲：过去进行时的用法 -2025-2026学年仁爱科普版（2024）八年级英语上册

仁爱新版八上 单元语法同步讲义（教师版） Unit 4 Growing by Changing 第08讲：过去进行时的用法 （1） 语法考点 概念： 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 过去进行时由“助动词be（was/were）+现在分词（动词-ing形式）”构成。 当主语是第一人称和第三人称单数时，要用was，其他则用were。 如：①Linda was drawing pictures at five yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午五点琳达正在画画。 ②The children were doing their homework from 6:00 to 8:00 yesterday evening. 昨晚六点到八点孩子们正在做作业。 【考点01】过去进行时的用法： 1. 表示临时性：在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况，这种情况通常不会长期如此。 如：It happened while I was living in Beijing last year. 这件事发生在我去年住在北京的时候。 2. 表示计划：为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下，通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。 如：He said that his sister was getting married next December. 他说他妹妹明年 12 月要结婚了。 用arrive，come，go，1eave等动词的过去进行时描写行程安排，也通常有含有将来意。 如：He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天后就要回家了。 3. 表示委婉语气：动词hope，wonder 等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。 如：I was hoping you would give me some advice. 我当时希望你能给我一些建议。 4. 表示重复:过去进行时有时可以与 always，constantly，forever 等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用，强调动作的不断重复。 如：She was always thinking of others. 她总是想着别人。 【考点02】过去进行时的应用： 1. 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语： 如：（1）表示过去具体时间点： ①at+具体时刻+过去时间(at five last Saturday 上周六五点) ②at this time+过去时间(at this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 ) ③at that time/moment在那个时刻 ④then在那时 （2）表示过去时间段： ①from..to...yesterday 昨天从…… 到…… from nine to ten last evening （昨晚九点到十点） ②all the time yesterday 昨天一整天 2. 叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作，通常用while。 如：I was studying at home while my brother was playing football on the playground. 我在家学习的时候，我弟弟正在操场上踢足球。 3. 表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。 如：I was studying English during last summer holiday. 去年暑假期间我一直在学英语。 【考点03】过去进行时的句型结构： 句式 句式结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were +现在分词（动词-ing形式）＋其他 This time yesterday Jack was watching TV. 昨天这个时候，杰克在看电视。 否定句 主语+was/were+not +现在分词（动词-ing形式）＋其他 This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。 一般疑问句 was/were +主语+现在分词（动词-ing形式）＋其他 肯定回答： Yes，主语+was / were. 否定回答： No，主语+wasn't / weren't. Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? 肯定回答：Yes，we were. 是的，我们在打。 否定回答：No，we weren’t. 不，我们没打。 特殊疑问句 疑问词+was / were＋主语+现在分词（动词-ing形式）＋其他 ①What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么? ②What was he doing all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在做什么? 时间标志词 then （那时），at that time（当时），at ten yesterday（昨天十点），at this time yesterday（昨天这个时候），this morning（今天早上），the whole morning（整个上午），all day（一整天），from nine to ten last evening（昨晚九点到十点），when（当…… 时），while（当…… 时，强调动作同时发生）等. 【考点04】过去进行时的现在分词（V-ing）的变形规律： 结尾字母 变形规律 例词 一般情况 直接加-ing play →playing read→ reading 以不发音e结尾 去e加-ing dance→ dancing write→writing 重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写辅音字母加-ing run→running swim→swimming 以ie 结尾 变ie为y加-ing die →dying lie →lying 【考点05】与一般过去时的区别 ①一般过去时着重表示过去某个时候发生了某件事情，强调所做的动作已完成； ②过去进行时表示某个动作在过去某个时候正在发生或进行，强调动作正在进行。 如：①I did my homework yesterday evening. 我昨晚做了作业。 （表示did这个动作在昨晚发生过，did这一动作已经完成） ②I was doing my homework at eight o’clock yesterday evening. 昨晚八点我在做作业。 （表示昨晚八点在做作业，动作在过去这个时间正在进行中） （二）同步练习 一、单项选择。 （ C ）1．—What was Lucy doing at 8 o’clock last night? —Sorry, I didn’t know. I ________ the newspaper at that time. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read 【详解】句意：——昨晚8点露西在做什么？——对不起，我不知道。那时我正在看报纸。考查过去进行时。根据问句“at 8 o’clock last night”可知，“at that time”指代昨晚8点，答句需说明当时正在进行的动作，因此用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选C。 （ D ）2．—Sandy, what is your plan for the coming winter holiday? —Pardon? I’m sorry. I ________ about something else. A．think B．thought C．am thinking D．was thinking 【详解】句意：——桑迪，你对即将到来的寒假有什么计划？——什么？对不起，我刚才在想别的事情。考查动词时态。根据“I’m sorry”及“about something else”可知，此处是在解释刚才没有听到对方说话的原因，因为刚才正在想别的事情，所以应该用过去进行时。故选D。 （ B ）3．—Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? —Sorry. I ________ a football match on TV from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. and forgot the time. A．watched B．was watching C．am watching D．will watch 【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么没来参加我们的聚会？——对不起。我从晚上7点到8点半在看足球比赛，忘记了时间。 考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday”和“from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m”可知，此处表示过去某个时间段正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，结构是was/were doing。故选B。 （ D ）4．—Is everything ready for the New Year Party? —I guess not. Henry and Hans ______ the room when I met them this morning. A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating 【详解】句意：——新年聚会的一切都准备好了吗？——我想不是。今天早上我遇见亨利和汉斯时，他们正在装饰房间。考查过去进行时。根据“Henry and Hans…the room when I met them this morning.”可知此处是描述亨利和汉斯早上正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选D。 （ D ）5．—I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening, but nobody answered. —I’m sorry for it. My parents and I ________ in the supermarket. A．am shopping B．are shopping C．was shopping D．were shopping 【详解】句意：——我昨晚7点给你打电话，但没有人接。——很抱歉。我和父母在超市购物。考查时态及主谓一致。根据“I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening, but nobody answered.”可知，此处指过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时；空处所在句的主语表复数，be动词用were。故选D。 （ A ）6．—Why are you so late today? —Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting 【详解】句意：——你今天怎么来这么晚？——当我正在公交车站等车的时候，有三辆公交车没停就开走了。考查时态。根据“Three buses went by without stopping while I...at the bus stop.”可知，此处表示正在等车时，有三辆公交车没停就开走了，主句时态为一般过去时，故此处从句时态应是过去进行时，表示“正在……”，构成为主语+was/were+doing。故选A。 （ D ）7．Sophia ________ for the coming test when her friends came to her house. A．prepares B．is preparing C．prepared D．was preparing 【详解】句意：索菲娅正在为即将到来的考试做准备，这时她的朋友们来到她家。 考查时态。根据“when her friends came to her house”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其构成为主语+was/were+doing。故选D。 （ B ）8．—Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning? —I ________ the exchange students around our school. A．show B．was showing C．am showing D．will show 【详解】句意：——你今天早上为什么没有参加会议？——我正带着交换生参观学校。 考查动词的时态。结合语境可知，此处表示过去某段时间正在做的事情，故应用过去进行时，即was/were doing的结构。故选B。 （ A ）9．While I ________ in the supermarket with my mum yesterday evening, my sister ________ at home. A．was shopping; was reading B．shopped; read C．am shopping; is reading D．was shopping; read 【详解】句意：昨天晚上我和妈妈在超市购物时，我妹妹正在家里看书。 考查动词时态。根据“yesterday evening”可以判断这句话描述的是过去的事情，故排除选项C，根据“While I...”可知，我的动作与我妹妹的动作是同时进行，故两个空处需使用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing，故选A。 （ C ）10．— I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read 【详解】句意：——昨天我给你打电话，但是你没有接。——抱歉。我正在读一个关于动物保护的报道。 考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday”和“but you didn’t answer”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，时态为过去进行时，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，主语为I，be动词用was，故选C。 （ D ）11．—What were you doing at 8:00 last night? —I ________ TV in the living room. A．watch B．am watching C．watched D．was watching 【详解】句意：——昨天晚上8点你在干什么？——我正在客厅里看电视。 考查动词的时态。根据“What were you doing at 8:00 last night?”可知，在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的事情，时态应用过去进行时，即was/were doing的结构。故选D。 （ C ）12．—Was Wendy at home when you returned? —Yes. She _________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．is cooking C．was cooking D．cooks 【详解】句意：——你回来时温迪在家吗？——在，她正在厨房做饭。 考查时态。根据问句“Was Wendy at home when you returned?”可知，当时正在做饭。表达过去的某个时刻正在做某事，用过去进行时。故选C。 （ B ）13．—________ did the rainstorm come, Mr. Liu? —While we ________ a chemistry lesson yesterday afternoon. A． While; have had B．When; were having C．Where; are having D．Who; have 【详解】句意：——刘老师，暴风雨是什么时候来的？——昨天下午我们上化学课的时候。 考查特殊疑问句和时态。根据“While we...a chemistry lesson yesterday afternoon.”可知，问句询问的是暴风雨到来的时间，应用特殊疑问词when；根据“while”和“yesterday afternoon”可知，第二空应该用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选B。 （ C ）14．—Did you see a boy in black pass by two minutes ago? —No, sir. I ________ an English magazine. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．reads 【详解】句意：——你两分钟前看到一个穿黑衣服的男孩路过吗？——没有，先生。我正在读英文杂志。 考查过去进行时态。根据“Did you see a boy...”可知，句子时态用过去进行时，其结构是was/were doing，主语是I，故be动词用was。故选C。 （ B ）15．—What were you doing when these bikes caught fire? —Oh, I ________ at home. A．slept B．was sleeping C．am sleeping D．have slept 【详解】句意：——这些自行车着火的时候，你在做什么？——哦，我正在家里睡觉。考查过去进行时。slept睡觉（一般过去时）；was sleeping正睡觉（过去进行时）；am sleeping正睡觉（现在进行时）；have slept已睡了（现在完成时）。根据问句“What were you doing when these bikes caught fire?”可知，询问自行车着火时对方正在做什么，使用过去进行时，故答语也用过去进行时回答。was sleeping使用过去进行时，符合语境。故选B。 （ B ）16.—What ______ you ______ at 9:00 p.m. yesterday? —I was doing my homework. A. do; do B. were; doing C. was; doing D. did; do 【解析】句意：—— 昨天晚上 9 点你在做什么？—— 我在做家庭作业。根据时间状语 “at 9:00 p.m. yesterday”（过去具体时间点）可知，问句需用过去进行时 “was/were + doing”；主语是 you（第二人称），be 动词用 were。A 是一般现在时，C 中 was 与 you 不匹配，D 是一般过去时，均不符合语境。故选 B。 （ B ）17.They ______ not ______ TV when I visited them. A. were; watch B. were; watching C. was; watch D. was; watching 【解析】句意：我拜访他们时，他们没在看电视。“when I visited them”（过去时间点）提示主句用过去进行时，结构为 “was/were + 现在分词”；主语 they 是复数，be 动词用 were，否定形式为 were not，watch 的现在分词是 watching。A 中 watch 未用现在分词，C、D 中 was 与复数主语 they 不匹配。故选 B。 （ B ）18.—______ he ______ basketball at school yesterday afternoon? —Yes, he was. A. Did; play B. Was; playing C. Were; playing D. Does; play 【解析】句意：—— 昨天下午他在学校打篮球吗？—— 是的，他在打。答句 “Yes, he was” 表明问句以 was 开头，用过去进行时 “Was + 主语 + doing”；主语 he 是单数，be 动词用 was，play 的现在分词是 playing。A 是一般过去时，C 中 were 与 he 不匹配，D 是一般现在时，均不符合答句提示。故选 B。 （ C ）19.When I called her, she ______ dinner with her family. A. has B. had C. was having D. were having 【解析】句意：我给她打电话时，她正在和家人吃晚饭。“when I called her”（过去时间点）提示主句用过去进行时 “was/were + doing”，强调 “打电话时正在做的动作”；主语 she 是单数，be 动词用 was，have 的现在分词是 having。A 是现在完成时，B 是一般过去时，D 中 were 与 she 不匹配。故选 C。 （ D ）20.They ______ games while their parents ______ TV. A. played; watched B. were playing; watched C. played; were watching D. were playing; were watching 【解析】句意：他们在玩游戏，而他们的父母在看电视。while 引导时间状语从句时，强调主从句动作 “同时进行”，均用过去进行时 “was/were + doing”；主语 they 和 their parents 都是复数，be 动词均用 were。A、B、C 中存在一般过去时，无法体现 “同时进行”，不符合语境。故选 D。 （ A ）21.He ______ to music at that time. He was doing his homework. A. wasn’t listening B. didn’t listen C. isn’t listening D. doesn’t listen 【解析】句意：那时他没在听音乐，他在做家庭作业。“at that time”（过去时间点）提示用过去进行时，强调 “那时正在进行的动作”；主语 he 是单数，否定形式为 wasn’t + 现在分词 listening。B 是一般过去时（表过去某个动作，不强调 “正在”），C 是现在进行时，D 是一般现在时，均不符合时间状语。故选 A。 （ A ）22.—______ was she doing when you arrived? —She was cooking dinner. A. What B. Where C. When D. How 【解析】句意：—— 你到的时候她在做什么？—— 她在做晚饭。答句 “She was cooking dinner” 描述 “正在做的动作”，对动作提问用 what。B 对地点提问，C 对时间提问，D 对方式提问，均不符合答句内容。故选 A。 （ C ）23.They ______ football on the playground at 3:00 p.m. yesterday. A. play B. plays C. were playing D. was playing 【解析】句意：昨天下午 3 点他们正在操场上踢足球。“at 3:00 p.m. yesterday”（过去具体时间点）提示用过去进行时 “was/were + doing”；主语 they 是复数，be 动词用 were，play 的现在分词是 playing。A 是动词原形（一般现在时），B 是三单形式（一般现在时），D 中 was 与复数主语 they 不匹配。故选 C。 （ B ）24.Look at the photo! We ______ a picnic by the lake. A. are having B. were having C. have D. had 【解析】句意：看这张照片！我们正在湖边野餐。“Look at the photo” 提示照片记录的是 “过去某个时间正在进行的动作”，用过去进行时 “was/were + doing”；主语 we 是复数，be 动词用 were，have 的现在分词是 having。A 是现在进行时（表现在正在），C 是一般现在时，D 是一般过去时（表过去某个动作，不强调 “正在”），均不符合 “照片记录的过去瞬间” 语境。故选 B。 （ B ）25.—Was your brother ______ homework at 7:00 p.m.? —No, he was ______ music. A. doing; listening B. doing; listening to C. does; listens D. does; listens to 【解析】句意：—— 晚上 7 点你弟弟在做作业吗？—— 不，他在听音乐。“at 7:00 p.m.”（过去时间点）提示用过去进行时 “was + doing”；第一空 “做作业” 是 do homework，用 doing；第二空 “听音乐” 是固定搭配 listen to music，用 listening to。A 中 listen 后缺 to，C、D 是一般现在时，不符合过去进行时结构。故选 B。 （ C ）26.I ______ a shower when the phone rang. A. am taking B. take C. was taking D. took 【解析】句意：电话响时，我正在洗澡。“when the phone rang”（过去时间点）提示主句用过去进行时 “was/were + doing”，强调 “电话响时正在做的动作”；主语 I 是单数，be 动词用 was，take 的现在分词是 taking。A 是现在进行时，B 是一般现在时，D 是一般过去时（表过去某个动作，不强调 “正在”），均不符合语境。故选 C。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．When you called me, I was collecting (collect) rubbish on the beach. 【详解】句意：你打电话给我的时候，我正在海滩上捡垃圾。根据“When you called me, I was...”可知此处是过去进行时，表示“我正在捡垃圾”，其结构为was/were doing。故填collecting。 2．I was taking (take) a shower while my mother was reading a newspaper. 【详解】句意：我在洗澡，妈妈在看报纸。根据“I…a shower while my mother was reading a newspaper.”及提示词可知，句子为while引导的时间状语从句，主从句中的动作应同时发生，根据“my mother was reading a newspaper.”可知，从句句子时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主句时态应该和从句时态保持一致，主句主语I，助动词应为was，take的现在分词形式为taking。故填was taking。 3．I was doing (do) my homework from 8:00 to 10:00 last night. 【详解】句意：昨晚八点到十点我一直在做作业。根据“from 8:00 to 10:00 last night”可知，此处描述的是过去某一时段正在发生的动作，应该用过去进行时，其谓语动词构成是was/were doing，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was doing。 4．—Why didn’t you answer my phone last night? —Sorry, I was taking (take) a shower when you called. 【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么不接我电话？——抱歉，你给我打电话的时候，我正在洗澡。根据“when you called”可知，表示过去某个时间点正在做的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，主语I是第一人称，be用was，故填was taking。 5．Grandma was cooking breakfast while I was washing (wash) my face this morning. 【详解】句意：今天早上我洗脸的时候，奶奶正在做早饭。while引导的时间状语从句，在此处强调主从句动作同时发生，应用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was washing。 6．While my sister was drawing(draw) a picture, I was doing my math homework.（draw） 【详解】句意：我妹妹画画的时候，我正在做数学作业。根据 “While” 及 “was doing” 可知，此处强调主从句动作同时发生，从句也应用过去进行时，结构为 was/were doing。主语 “my sister” 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，draw 的现在分词为 drawing。故填 was drawing。 7．They were playing (play) cards at 8 o'clock last night when the power went out.（play） 【详解】句意：昨晚 8 点停电时，他们正在打牌。根据 “at 8 o'clock last night when the power went out” 可知，此处表示过去某个具体时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为 was/were doing。主语 “They” 是复数，be 动词用 were，play 的现在分词为 playing。故填 were playing。 8．—What were you doing (do) when the rain started? —We were waiting for the bus.（do） 【详解】句意：—— 下雨的时候你正在做什么？—— 我们在等公交车。根据 “when the rain started” 可知，此处询问过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为 was/were doing。主语 “you” 是第二人称，be 动词用 were，do 的现在分词为 doing。故填 were；doing。 9．The little boy was crying (cry) loudly when his mother left the room.（cry） 【详解】句意：妈妈离开房间时，那个小男孩正在大声哭。根据 “when his mother left the room” 可知，此处表示过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，用过去进行时，结构为 was/were doing。主语 “The little boy” 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，cry 的现在分词为 crying。故填 was crying。 10．From 7 to 9 last evening, my parents were watching (watch) a documentary about space.（watch） 【详解】句意：昨晚 7 点到 9 点，我父母正在看一部关于太空的纪录片。根据 “From 7 to 9 last evening” 可知，此处描述过去某一时间段内正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为 was/were doing。主语 “my parents” 是复数，be 动词用 were，watch 的现在分词为 watching。故填 were watching。 三、句型转换。 1．I was taking a shower at eight o’clock last night. (划线部分提问) What were you doing at eight o’clock last night? 【详解】句意：昨晚十点我正在洗澡。对taking a shower提问，是对正在做的事提问，用疑问词what，根据“I was taking a shower”可知，此处用过去进行时，且主语变成you，be动词用were。故填What；were。 2．My brother was waiting for the bus when the rainstorm came. (改为同义句) While my brother was waiting for the bus, the rainstorm came. 【详解】句意：暴雨来临时，我哥哥正在等公共汽车。此处可改为“当我哥哥在等公交车时，暴风雨来临了”，从句时态用过去进行时，故此处用while引导时间状语从句；主句用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填While；was；waiting；came。 3．Linda was reading in the library at 3:00 yesterday afternoon. (改为否定句) Linda wasn’t reading in the library at 3: 00 yesterday afternoon. 【详解】句意：昨天下午3点Linda在图书馆看书。根据“was reading”可知，原句时态为过去进行时，其否定句要在be动词was后面加not，缩写为wasn’t。故填wasn’t；reading。 4．I was watching the birds when the rain started.（改写成一般疑问句） Were you watching the birds when the rain started? 【详解】句意：下雨的时候，我正在看鸟儿。句子为含有be动词的一般疑问句，且时态为过去进行时态，变一般疑问句时，be动词提前，主语为“you”，所以句首be动词为were；其后跟watching。故填Were；watching。 5．I wrote to my friend last night. (用at eight last night替换last night改写句子) I was writing to my friend at eight last night. 【详解】句意：昨晚我给朋友写了封信。根据“at eight last night”可知，时态是过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语I为第一人称单数，be动词用was。故填was；writing。 6.He was watching TV.（改为否定句） He wasn't watching TV. 【解析】句意：他正在看电视。过去进行时的否定句结构为 “主语 + wasn't/weren't + 现在分词”。原句中 be 动词是 was，否定形式在 was 后加 not，缩写为 wasn't，现在分词 watching 不变。故填 wasn't；watching。 7.They were playing basketball.（改为一般疑问句） Were they playing basketball? 【解析】句意：他们正在打篮球。过去进行时的一般疑问句结构为 “Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词？”。原句中 be 动词是 were，主语是 they，变一般疑问句时将 were 提前至句首，首字母大写，主语 they 紧随其后，现在分词 playing 不变。故填 Were；they。 8.She was doing her homework.（对划线部分提问） What was she doing? 【解析】句意：她正在做家庭作业。划线部分 “doing her homework” 表示动作，对动作提问用疑问词 What；过去进行时的特殊疑问句结构为 “疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + doing？”，因此第二空用 doing。故填 What；doing。 9.The students were reading books.（改为单数句） The student was reading a book. 【解析】句意：学生们正在读书。改为单数句时，复数主语 “students” 变为单数 “student”；be 动词随主语单复数变化，原句中 were（复数）对应变为 was（单数）；复数宾语 “books” 变为单数 “a book”。故填 student；was。 10.Tom played soccer yesterday.（用 at 5 p.m. yesterday 替换 yesterday 改写句子） Tom was playing soccer at 5 p.m. yesterday. 【解析】句意：汤姆昨天踢了足球。原句是一般过去时，时间状语替换为 “at 5 p.m. yesterday”（过去具体时间点），需用过去进行时 “was/were + 现在分词”。主语 Tom 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，play 的现在分词是 playing。故填 was；playing。 11.They cleaned the room yesterday morning.（用 from 9 to 10 yesterday morning 替换 yesterday morning 改写句子） They were cleaning the room from 9 to 10 yesterday morning. 【解析】句意：他们昨天早上打扫了房间。原句是一般过去时，时间状语替换为 “from 9 to 10 yesterday morning”（过去时间段），需用过去进行时。主语 They 是复数，be 动词用 were，clean 的现在分词是 cleaning。故填 were；cleaning。 12.He was reading a newspaper.（改为否定句） He wasn't reading a newspaper. 【解析】句意：他正在读报纸。过去进行时的否定句结构为 “主语 + wasn't/weren't + 现在分词”。原句 be 动词是 was，否定形式为 wasn't，现在分词 reading 不变。故填 wasn't；reading。 13.We were having a party.（改为否定句） We weren't having a party. 【解析】句意：我们正在举办派对。过去进行时的否定句结构为 “主语 + wasn't/weren't + 现在分词”。原句 be 动词是 were，否定形式为 weren't，现在分词 having 不变。故填 weren't；having。 14.She was dancing at the party.（改为一般疑问句） Was she dancing at the party? 【解析】句意：她正在派对上跳舞。过去进行时的一般疑问句结构为 “Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词？”。原句 be 动词是 was，主语是 she，变疑问句时将 was 提前，首字母大写，dancing 不变。故填 Was；she；dancing。 15.The children were flying kites.（改为一般疑问句） Were the children flying kites? 【解析】句意：孩子们正在放风筝。过去进行时的一般疑问句结构为 “Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词？”。原句 be 动词是 were，主语是 the children，变疑问句时将 were 提前，首字母大写，flying 不变。故填 Were；the；children；flying。 16.He was fixing his bike in the garage.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：fixing his bike） What was he doing in the garage? 【解析】句意：他正在车库里修理自行车。划线部分 “fixing his bike” 表示动作，对动作提问用疑问词 What；过去进行时的特殊疑问句结构为 “疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + doing？”，因此第二空用 doing。故填 What；doing。 17.They were studying in the library.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：in the library） Where were they studying? 【解析】句意：他们正在图书馆学习。划线部分 “in the library” 表示地点，对地点提问用疑问词 Where；后接一般疑问句语序 “were + 主语 + 现在分词”，主语 they 不变，be 动词 were 提前。故填 Where；were。 18.The workers were building a house.（改为单数句） The worker was building a house. 【解析】句意：工人们正在盖房子。改为单数句时，复数主语 “workers” 变为单数 “worker”；be 动词随主语单复数变化，原句中 were（复数）对应变为 was（单数）；现在分词 building 不变。故填 worker；was。 19.What were your mother doing now? 改错题（改：was） 【解析】句意：你妈妈现在在做什么？过去进行时中，be 动词需与主语保持一致。句中主语 “your mother” 是第三人称单数，对应的 be 动词应为 “was”，而非 “were”（用于复数主语）。故改 were 为 was。 20.Lily was runing when she saw a dog. 改错题（改：running） 【解析】句意：莉莉看到狗时正在跑步。过去进行时结构为 “was + 现在分词”，run 是重读闭音节动词，现在分词需双写末尾辅音字母 n 再加 - ing，即 running，原句 “runing” 拼写错误。故改 runing 为 running。 21. Tom was play football with his friends at 4:00 p.m. 改错题（改：playing） 【解析】句意：下午 4 点，汤姆正在和朋友们踢足球。过去进行时的结构为 “was/were + 现在分词”，句中 “play” 是动词原形，不符合结构要求，其现在分词形式为 “playing”。故改 play 为 playing。 22. Look! The birds was singing in the tree. 改错题（改：were） 【解析】句意：看！鸟儿们正在树上唱歌。过去进行时中，be 动词需与主语保持一致。句中主语 “the birds” 是复数，对应的 be 动词应为 “were”，而非 “was”（用于单数主语）。故改 was 为 were。 23. She wasn’t listen to music. She was watching TV. 改错题（改：listening） 【解析】句意：她没在听音乐，她在看电视。过去进行时的否定句结构为 “wasn’t/weren’t + 现在分词”，句中 “listen” 是动词原形，不符合结构要求，其现在分词形式为 “listening”。故改 listen 为 listening。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 仁爱新版八上 单元语法同步讲义（学生版） Unit 4 Growing by Changing 第08讲：过去进行时的用法 （1） 语法考点 概念： 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 过去进行时由“ ”构成。 当主语是第一人称和第三人称单数时，要用 ，其他则用 。 如：① 昨天下午五点琳达正在画画。 ② 昨晚六点到八点孩子们正在做作业。 【考点01】过去进行时的用法： 1. 表示临时性：在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况，这种情况通常不会长期如此。 如： 这件事发生在我去年住在北京的时候。 2. 表示计划：为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下，通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。 如： 他说他妹妹明年 12 月要结婚了。 用arrive，come，go，1eave等动词的过去进行时描写行程安排，也通常有含有将来意。 如： 他说他一两天后就要回家了。 3. 表示委婉语气：动词hope，wonder 等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。 如： 我当时希望你能给我一些建议。 4. 表示重复:过去进行时有时可以与 always，constantly，forever 等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用，强调动作的不断重复。 如： 她总是想着别人。 【考点02】过去进行时的应用： 1. 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语： 如：（1）表示过去具体时间点： ①at+具体时刻+过去时间( 上周六五点) ②at this time+过去时间( 昨天这个时候 ) ③ 在那个时刻 ④ 在那时 （2）表示过去时间段： ①from..to...yesterday 昨天从…… 到…… （昨晚九点到十点） ② 昨天一整天 2. 叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作，通常用 。 如： 我在家学习的时候，我弟弟正在操场上踢足球。 3. 表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。 如： 去年暑假期间我一直在学英语。 【考点03】过去进行时的句型结构： 句式 句式结构 例句 肯定句 昨天这个时候，杰克在看电视。 否定句 昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。 一般疑问句 肯定回答： 否定回答： 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? 肯定回答： 是的，我们在打。 否定回答： 不，我们没打。 特殊疑问句 ① 昨天这个时候你在做什么? ② 上周日他一整天都在做什么? 时间标志词 （那时）， （当时）， （昨天十点） ， （昨天这个时候）， （今天早上） ， （整个上午）， （一整天） ， （昨晚九点到十点）， （当…… 时）， （当…… 时，强调动作同时发生）等. 【考点04】过去进行时的现在分词（V-ing）的变形规律： 结尾字母 变形规律 例词 一般情况 play → read→ 以不发音e结尾 dance→ write→ 重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母 run→ swim→ 以ie 结尾 die → lie → 【考点05】与一般过去时的区别 ①一般过去时着重表示过去某个时候发生了某件事情，强调所做的动作 ； ②过去进行时表示某个动作在过去某个时候正在发生或进行，强调动作 。 如：① 我昨晚做了作业。 （表示did这个动作在昨晚发生过，did这一动作 ） ② 昨晚八点我在做作业。 （表示昨晚八点在做作业，动作在过去这个时间 ） （二）同步练习 一、单项选择。 （ ）1．—What was Lucy doing at 8 o’clock last night? —Sorry, I didn’t know. I ________ the newspaper at that time. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read （ ）2．—Sandy, what is your plan for the coming winter holiday? —Pardon? I’m sorry. I ________ about something else. A．think B．thought C．am thinking D．was thinking （ ）3．—Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? —Sorry. I ________ a football match on TV from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. and forgot the time. A．watched B．was watching C．am watching D．will watch （ ）4．—Is everything ready for the New Year Party? —I guess not. Henry and Hans ______ the room when I met them this morning. A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating （ ）5．—I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening, but nobody answered. —I’m sorry for it. My parents and I ________ in the supermarket. A．am shopping B．are shopping C．was shopping D．were shopping （ ）6．—Why are you so late today? —Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting （ ）7．Sophia ________ for the coming test when her friends came to her house. A．prepares B．is preparing C．prepared D．was preparing （ ）8．—Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning? —I ________ the exchange students around our school. A．show B．was showing C．am showing D．will show （ ）9．While I ________ in the supermarket with my mum yesterday evening, my sister ________ at home. A．was shopping; was reading B．shopped; read C．am shopping; is reading D．was shopping; read （ ）10．— I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read （ ）11．—What were you doing at 8:00 last night? —I ________ TV in the living room. A．watch B．am watching C．watched D．was watching （ ）12．—Was Wendy at home when you returned? —Yes. She _________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．is cooking C．was cooking D．cooks （ ）13．—________ did the rainstorm come, Mr. Liu? —While we ________ a chemistry lesson yesterday afternoon. A． While; have had B．When; were having C．Where; are having D．Who; have （ ）14．—Did you see a boy in black pass by two minutes ago? —No, sir. I ________ an English magazine. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．reads （ ）15．—What were you doing when these bikes caught fire? —Oh, I ________ at home. A．slept B．was sleeping C．am sleeping D．have slept （ ）16.—What ______ you ______ at 9:00 p.m. yesterday? —I was doing my homework. A. do; do B. were; doing C. was; doing D. did; do （ ）17.They ______ not ______ TV when I visited them. A. were; watch B. were; watching C. was; watch D. was; watching （ ）18.—______ he ______ basketball at school yesterday afternoon? —Yes, he was. A. Did; play B. Was; playing C. Were; playing D. Does; play （ ）19.When I called her, she ______ dinner with her family. A. has B. had C. was having D. were having （ ）20.They ______ games while their parents ______ TV. A. played; watched B. were playing; watched C. played; were watching D. were playing; were watching （ ）21.He ______ to music at that time. He was doing his homework. A. wasn’t listening B. didn’t listen C. isn’t listening D. doesn’t listen （ ）22.—______ was she doing when you arrived? —She was cooking dinner. A. What B. Where C. When D. How （ ）23.They ______ football on the playground at 3:00 p.m. yesterday. A. play B. plays C. were playing D. was playing （ ）24.Look at the photo! We ______ a picnic by the lake. A. are having B. were having C. have D. had （ ）25.—Was your brother ______ homework at 7:00 p.m.? —No, he was ______ music. A. doing; listening B. doing; listening to C. does; listens D. does; listens to （ ）26.I ______ a shower when the phone rang. A. am taking B. take C. was taking D. took 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．When you called me, I was (collect) rubbish on the beach. 2．I (take) a shower while my mother was reading a newspaper. 3．I (do) my homework from 8:00 to 10:00 last night. 4．—Why didn’t you answer my phone last night? —Sorry, I (take) a shower when you called. 5．Grandma was cooking breakfast while I (wash) my face this morning. 6．While my sister (draw) a picture, I was doing my math homework.（draw） 7．They (play) cards at 8 o'clock last night when the power went out.（play） 8．—What you (do) when the rain started? —We were waiting for the bus.（do） 9．The little boy (cry) loudly when his mother left the room.（cry） 10．From 7 to 9 last evening, my parents (watch) a documentary about space.（watch） 三、句型转换。 1．I was taking a shower at eight o’clock last night. (划线部分提问) you doing at eight o’clock last night? 2．My brother was waiting for the bus when the rainstorm came. (改为同义句) my brother for the bus, the rainstorm . 3．Linda was reading in the library at 3:00 yesterday afternoon. (改为否定句) Linda in the library at 3: 00 yesterday afternoon. 4．I was watching the birds when the rain started.（改写成一般疑问句） you the birds when the rain started? 5．I wrote to my friend last night. (用at eight last night替换last night改写句子) I to my friend at eight last night. 6.He was watching TV.（改为否定句） He TV. 7.They were playing basketball.（改为一般疑问句） playing basketball? 8.She was doing her homework.（对划线部分提问） was she ? 9.The students were reading books.（改为单数句） The reading a book. 10.Tom played soccer yesterday.（用 at 5 p.m. yesterday 替换 yesterday 改写句子） Tom soccer at 5 p.m. yesterday. 11.They cleaned the room yesterday morning.（用 from 9 to 10 yesterday morning 替换 yesterday morning 改写句子） They the room from 9 to 10 yesterday morning. 12.He was reading a newspaper.（改为否定句） He a newspaper. 13.We were having a party.（改为否定句） We a party. 14.She was dancing at the party.（改为一般疑问句） at the party? 15.The children were flying kites.（改为一般疑问句） kites? 16.He was fixing his bike in the garage.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：fixing his bike） was he in the garage? 17.They were studying in the library.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：in the library） they studying? 18.The workers were building a house.（改为单数句） The building a house. 19.What were your mother doing now? 改错题（改： ） 20.Lily was runing when she saw a dog. 改错题（改： ） 21. Tom was play football with his friends at 4:00 p.m. 改错题（改： ） 22. Look! The birds was singing in the tree. 改错题（改： ） 23. She wasn’t listen to music. She was watching TV. 改错题（改： ） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$