2025年新高考Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷熟词生义知识清单-2026届高三英语一轮复习

2025新高考英语全国卷熟词生义 一、25高考英语Ⅰ卷 address [出处]听力第-段材料“The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.” [熟义]地址; 演讲 [生义]设法解决; 处理; 对付 [例句]We must address the problem of air pollution immediately. (我们必须立即处理空气污染问题。) breakdown [出处]“Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.” [熟义]故障; 垮掉 [生义](对庞杂信息的)分类，分析 [例句]The manager gave a breakdown of the project's progress. (经理对项目进展情况进行了分类分析。) green [出处]“The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.” [熟义]绿色的 [生义]环保的 [例句]More and more people prefer green products. (越来越多的人偏爱环保产品。) staggering [出处]“The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.” [熟义]摇晃的; 蹒跚的 [生义]令人吃惊的，惊人的 [例句]The staggering amount of data requires advanced analysis tools. (这惊人的数据量需要先进的分析工具。) strike [出处]“They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important.” [熟义]打击; 罢工; 撞击 [生义]给(某人以……)印象; 让(某人)觉得 [例句]The beauty of the city struck the tourists. (这座城市的美丽给游客们留下了深刻印象。) account [出处]“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.” [熟义]账户; 账目; 描述 [生义]考虑; 解释 [例句]When planning your trip, account for possible delays. (计划旅行时，要考虑可能出现的延误情况。) spare [出处]“Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.” [熟义]抽出; 匀出; 备用的 [生义]使免遭(麻烦、痛苦等); 免去 [例句]We should spare no effort to protect the environment. (我们应不遗余力地保护环境。) cut [出处]“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.” [熟义]切; 割; 砍 [生义]削减; 降低 [例句]The company decided to cut prices to increase sales. (公司决定降价以提高销售额。) reveal [出处]“The players' personalities are revealed during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent.” [熟义]揭露; 透露(常指主动地将不为人知的事情公开) [生义](在此处用的被动语态)被展现; 被显露，强调在比赛过程中自然而然地展现出个性 [例句]Her true feelings were revealed in her diary. (她的真实情感在日记中显露出来。) count on [出处]“There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on.” [熟义]指望; 依靠 [生义]预料到; 考虑到 [例句]We didn’t count on the sudden rain ruining our picnic. (我们没预料到突降的雨会毁了野餐。) fire [出处]“My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.” [熟义]火; 火灾 [生义]精力充沛的人(或动物); 活力 [例句]The puppy is a ball of fire, always running around the house. (这只小狗精力旺盛，总在屋里跑来跑去。) force the issue [出处]“My brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.” [熟义]强迫问题(字面义) [生义]强行解决问题; 迫使事情发展 [例句]She didn't want to force the issue, so she let him make the decision. (她不想强行解决问题，所以让他做了决定。) part [出处]“He was unhappy over the way we had parted.” [熟义]部分; 分开(动词) [生义](尤指因意见不合)分手; 告别 [例句]They parted on bad terms after the argument. (争吵后他们不欢而散。) constant [出处]“Toby was his constant companion.” [熟义]持续的; 不变的 [生义]忠实的; 始终如一的 [例句]She’s been my constant friend through all these years. (这些年来她一直是我忠实的朋友。) 二、25高考英语Ⅱ卷 place [出处]听力 Text 3 M: Don't worry, Alice. Just pay as much as you can and I'll make up the rest. W: Thank you. Then I can place the order. [熟义]n. 地点; 位置; 场所; 放置; 安放 [生义]v. 发出(订单); 订购 [例句]They placed an order for 100 laptops with Dell. (他们向戴尔公司订购了 100 台笔记本电脑。) board [出处]听力 Text 9 W: OK, no problem. I'm going to do everything I can to keep you on board. M: I appreciate what you are doing for me. [熟义]n. 木板 [生义]董事会; 团队 [例句]They kept her on board as a consultant after retirement. (她退休后被留任为顾问。) shape [出处]阅读理解 A 篇：“Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.” [熟义]形状(名词); 塑造、使成形(动词，侧重物理形态) [生义]影响、决定…的发展(动词，抽象意义上的“塑造”) [例句]Her experiences abroad shaped her understanding of different cultures. (她在国外的经历影响了她对不同文化的理解。) skirt [出处]阅读理解 A 篇：“Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.” [熟义]裙子(名词) [生义]沿…边缘走; 绕过(动词) [例句]We skirted the lake on our morning walk. (早晨散步时我们沿着湖边走。) line [出处]阅读理解 A 篇：“Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square.” [熟义]线条; 线路 [生义]沿……排列; 排成一行 [例句]Tall trees line both sides of the street. (街道两旁绿树成排。) flood [出处]阅读理解 C 篇：“She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.” [熟义]洪水(名词); 淹没(动词，指水流泛滥) [生义]使充满、涌入(动词，抽象指大量事物集中到来) [例句]The company was flooded with job applications after the recruitment ad went viral. (招聘广告走红后，公司收到大量求职申请。) ship out [出处]同上 [熟义]用船运出(侧重运输方式) [生义]发出、寄出(订单、货物等，不局限于船运) [例句]The team will ship out the packages within 48 hours of payment. (团队会在付款后 48 小时内寄出包裹。) translate [出处]阅读理解 C 篇：“This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.” [熟义]翻译(动词) [生义]转化、转变(动词，指效果或价值的延伸) [例句]His academic achievements translated into success in his career. (他的学术成就转化为职业生涯的成功。) leave [出处]阅读理解 C 篇：“There was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people...” [熟义]离开，请假休息 [生义]病假(指实际请假的时长，可数概念) [例句]The new policy reduces the number of paid sick leaves per year. (新政策减少了每年的带薪病假天数。) beat up [出处]阅读理解 C 篇：“Don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!)” [熟义]痛打、殴打(侧重 physical violence) [生义]自责、苛责自己(抽象意义上的自我批判) [例句]Don't beat yourself up over a small mistake - everyone makes them. (别为一个小错误自责，每个人都会犯错。) practice [出处]阅读理解 C 篇：“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law...” [熟义]练习; 实践 [生义]从事(职业) [例句]She practices dentistry in a small town. (她在一个小镇当牙医。) address [出处]阅读理解 D 篇：“It serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability.” [熟义]地址; 演讲 [生义]处理; 解决 [例句]We need to address the issue of climate change urgently. (我们需要紧急处理气候变化问题。) tailor [出处]阅读理解 D 篇：“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.” [熟义]裁缝; 定制(服装) [生义]专门设计; 定制(计划、方案等) [例句]The course is tailored to the needs of beginners. (这课程是为初学者的需求专门设计的。) reject [出处]阅读理解 D 篇：“Rejected sweet potatoes.” [熟义]拒绝(提议、请求等) [生义]剔除; 拒收(不合格产品) [例句]The factory rejects any fruits that don’t meet the quality standards. (工厂拒收任何不符合质量标准的水果。) appropriate [出处]阅读理解 D 篇: “Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.” [熟义]adj. 适合的 [生义]v. “挪用、占用”本文“re-appropriated”并非“再次挪用”而是引申为“重新利用、重新调配”--即把羽衣甘蓝根茎、鱼颈等原本被忽视的食材，通过厨师的创意“重新赋予用途”，转化为美味菜肴。 [例句]The artist re-appropriated old tires to make sculptures. (艺术家回收旧轮胎制作雕塑。) maintain [出处]七选五：“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.” [熟义]维护; 保持(状态) [生义]维持; 保养(健康)，坚持认为 [例句]Regular exercise helps maintain physical fitness. (定期锻炼有助于维持身体健康。) [例句]She has always maintained her innocence. (她一直坚持说她是无辜的。) work out [出处]完形填空: “She began to follow a healthy lifestyle and work out.” [熟义]计算出; 解决(问题) [生义]锻炼; 健身(动词短语) [例句]She works out at the gym three times a week. (她每周去健身房锻炼三次。) discover [出处]完形填空: “Discovering a passion for weightlifting.” [熟义]发现(已存在的事物) [生义]萌生; 培养(兴趣/天赋) [例句]She discovered a talent for painting in her late 40s. (她在四十多岁时萌生了绘画的天赋。) down to [出处]完形填空: “It was all down to some key aspects.” [熟义]向下到(方位); 直到(时间) [生义]归因于; 取决于 [例句]Her success is all down to hard work and determination. (她的成功全归因于努力和决心。) lift up [出处]完形填空: “Lift others up on your journey.” [熟义]举起; 抬起(物理动作) [生义]鼓舞; 激励(抽象意义上的支持) [例句]She always tries to lift up her friends when they're feeling down. (她总是在朋友低落时尽力鼓舞他们。) range [出处]语法填空: “Chickens are always free-range.” [熟义]名词，范围; 一系列; 山脉; (变动的)区间; 动词，(在一定范围内)变化，变动 [生义]名词，(可自由走动的)开阔地; (也常用作形容词 free-range，表示自由放养的) 例句(名词): The price range of these shoes is from 50to200. (这些鞋子的价格范围在 50 美元到 200 美元之间。) 例句(动词): Temperatures ranged between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius. (温度在 20 到 30 摄氏度之间变化。) spare [出处](读后续写) “This approach spared me the discomfort.” [熟义]多余的(adj.); 抽出(时间)(v.) [生义]使避免; 免除(v.) [例句]His apology spared her from further embarrassment. (他的道歉让她避免了更多尴尬。) butt [出处]阅读理解 D 篇：“Cucumber butts.” [熟义]屁股; 烟头 [生义](蔬菜、水果的)残端; 根部 [例句]Don’t throw away the carrot butts - they can be used to make stock. (别扔掉胡萝卜根，它们可以用来熬汤。) 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$